WO2012153413A1 - 車両 - Google Patents
車両 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012153413A1 WO2012153413A1 PCT/JP2011/060929 JP2011060929W WO2012153413A1 WO 2012153413 A1 WO2012153413 A1 WO 2012153413A1 JP 2011060929 W JP2011060929 W JP 2011060929W WO 2012153413 A1 WO2012153413 A1 WO 2012153413A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- charging port
- charging
- guide rail
- collision
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/44—Means for preventing access to live contacts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
- B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
- B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
- B60K2001/0416—Arrangement in the rear part of the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K15/063—Arrangement of tanks
- B60K2015/0638—Arrangement of tanks the fuel tank is arranged in the rear of the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2306/00—Other features of vehicle sub-units
- B60Y2306/01—Reducing damages in case of crash, e.g. by improving battery protection
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- This invention relates to a vehicle, and more particularly to a vehicle having a charging port.
- JP-A-11-332003 Patent Document 1
- JP-A-2003-151841 Patent Document 2
- Patent Document 1 discloses an electric vehicle in which a charging port is provided in front of the vehicle.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an electric small vehicle in which a taper-shaped induction portion is provided on a charging-side connector (charging port).
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle capable of preventing a vehicle malfunction.
- the vehicle according to the present invention is a vehicle that can be charged by an external power source, and is provided near the charging port so as to be deformed and cover the charging port when subjected to an impact from the outside. And a guided member.
- the guide member is deformed so as to cover the charging port when receiving an impact from the outside. As a result, it is possible to inhibit charging after a collision and to suppress the occurrence of vehicle troubles.
- the guide member is a guide rail.
- the guide rail is manufactured by twisting a plate-like member.
- the charging port is provided in front of the vehicle body.
- the charging port includes a first charging port for high voltage charging and a second charging port for low voltage charging.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle having a charging port according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. It is the figure which looked at the vehicle according to this invention shown in FIG. 1 from the front.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. It is a figure which expands and shows a guide rail. It is a side view of a charging paddle.
- FIG. 6 is a front view of the charging paddle viewed from a direction indicated by an arrow VI in FIG. 5. It is a figure which shows arrangement
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle having a charging port according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- vehicle 100 is a hybrid vehicle, and includes a vehicle main body 200 formed of a body and an exterior part, and a pair of front wheels (wheels) 2F provided on the front side in traveling direction D of vehicle 100. And a rear wheel (wheel) 2R provided on the rear side in the traveling direction D.
- the vehicle body 200 travels with respect to the engine compartment ER provided on the traveling direction D side of the vehicle 100, the passenger compartment CR adjacent to the rear side in the traveling direction D with respect to the engine compartment ER, and the passenger compartment CR. And a luggage room LR adjacent to the rear side in the direction D.
- a monocoque body As the body of the vehicle main body 200, for example, a monocoque body is adopted, and this body includes a front wall provided on the front side in the traveling direction D, an accommodation wall that defines the passenger compartment CR, and this accommodation wall. And a rear wall portion provided on the rear side.
- a vehicle body 200 is formed by mounting a plurality of exterior parts on the surface of the body thus configured.
- a front bumper cover 300 provided on the lower side of the front surface of the vehicle main body 200, a front fender 301R provided so as to cover the side surface of the front wall, and an opening 212 can be opened and closed.
- a sash 305 is provided on the front door 312R and the rear door 313R.
- the exterior parts include a bonnet 307 as an upper lid of the engine compartment ER, a rear fender 303R provided on the rear side in the traveling direction D with respect to the rear door 313R, and a rear bumper 304 provided below the rear fender 303R. It has.
- the passenger compartment CR includes a driver's seat for operating the vehicle 100, a passenger seat adjacent to the driver's seat in the width direction of the vehicle 100, and a rear seat provided behind the passenger seat and the driver's seat. Is provided.
- the driver's seat is offset to the right side surface (one side surface) 100A side of the vehicle 100 with respect to the center line O of the vehicle 100 extending in the traveling direction D.
- the charging port 90 is provided in the front of the vehicle, and is formed on the connecting portion 91 that can be connected to the plug 190 and the front bumper cover 300, and the connecting portion 91 is exposed to the outside or accommodated in the vehicle 100. 90A and wiring 92A, 92B connected to the connection part 91 are provided.
- the plug 190 is a charging connector that supplies power to the battery B and charges the battery B, and supplies the battery B with power supplied from a commercial power supply (for example, single-phase AC 100 V in Japan). It is a connector for. Examples of the plug 190 include an outlet connected to a household power source in a general household.
- a battery (charger) B such as a fuel cell or a large-capacity capacitor is disposed behind the rear seat in the traveling direction D.
- a contact type in which at least a part of the plug 190 and at least a part of the charging port 90 are in direct contact with each other may be used. It may be non-contact (inductive).
- charging port 90 is provided in front bumper cover 300, but charging port 90 may be provided in other parts, for example, front fender 301R, front door 312R, rear door 313R, rear fender 303R, and rear bumper 304. Good.
- a fuel tank 201 is provided adjacent to the battery B.
- the vehicle to be supplied with electric power may be any vehicle having two or more wheels. That is, not only a four-wheeled vehicle as shown in FIG. 1 but also a two-wheeled vehicle or a vehicle having six or more wheels such as a truck may be used.
- FIG. 2 is a front view of the vehicle according to the present invention shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2 and 3
- vehicle 100 according to the embodiment is a vehicle that requires external charging, such as an electric vehicle (EV) or a plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHV).
- a charging port 90 is disposed in front of the vehicle. In the event of a collision, a member that firmly protects the charging port 90 as a charging port is not provided.
- a charging port 90 is provided between the radiator support upper 403 and the bumper reinforcement 402.
- a charging port 90 is installed between the left and right headlamps 401.
- a flat guide rail 404 for inserting a charging paddle is provided around the charging port 90.
- the guide rail 404 has a function of prohibiting charging after a collision.
- the charging paddle cannot be connected to the charging port 90 by covering the charging port 90.
- the charging port 90 is completely exposed from the hole 406 formed by the guide rail 404 before the collision, whereas a part of the charging port 90 is not exposed from the hole 406 after the collision, preventing charging. .
- 2 and 3 indicate the positions of the guide rail 404 and the opening 406 after the collision. After the collision, the guide rail 404 covers the charging port 90.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the guide rail.
- guide rail 404 attached to radiator support upper 403 is made of, for example, a metal plate and is arranged in a U shape.
- An opening 406 is formed by twisting a thin metal plate, and the opening 406 covers the charging port 90.
- a structure that is more easily deformed at the time of a collision can be obtained.
- a longitudinal impact of the vehicle is applied to the guide rail 404. This impact makes the guide rail easier to deform.
- the guide rail 404 is composed of a twisted metal plate, but the guide rail 404 is not limited to this, and the guide rail 404 may be composed of a flat plate that is not twisted.
- FIG. 5 is a side view of the charging paddle.
- FIG. 6 is a front view of the charging paddle as viewed from the direction indicated by arrow VI in FIG.
- charging paddle 800 is provided with charging terminals 801, 802, 803, 804 and 805.
- Each charging terminal 801, 802, 803, 804, 805 plays a role of supplying electric power, transmitting an electric signal, and grounding.
- charging paddle 800 is connected to charging port 90 in order to supply electricity from the charging device, and charging is started.
- damage occurs in the charging port 90 and a portion related to the charging port 90 when a collision occurs, there is a concern that a failure may occur in the vehicle by connecting the charging paddle 800.
- a guide rail 404 that introduces insertion of the charging paddle 800 of the charging port 90 is provided, and the charging rail 90 cannot be charged to the charging port 90 by being deformed at the time of collision.
- FIG. 7 shows an arrangement of two charging ports in the vehicle according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- vehicle 100 according to the second embodiment is provided with two charging ports, low voltage charging port 90C and high voltage charging port 90D.
- the low voltage charging port 90C is charged with a voltage of 100V from a general household, whereas the high voltage charging port 90D is charged with the same voltage as the battery B, thereby enabling rapid charging.
- the low-voltage charging port 90C and the high-voltage charging port 90D are both covered with the guide rail 404.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
好ましくは、ガイドレールは板状部材を捻ることで製造される。
好ましくは、充電口は、高圧充電用の第一充電ポートと、低圧充電用の第二充電ポートとを含む。
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1に従った、充電ポートを有する車両の斜視図である。図1を参照して、車両100はハイブリッド車両であり、ボディと外装部品とから形成された車両本体200と、車両100の進行方向Dの前方側に設けられた1対の前輪(車輪)2Fと、進行方向D後方側に設けられた後輪(車輪)2Rとを備えている。
図7は、この発明の実施の形態2に従った車両における2つの充電ポートの配置を示す図である。図7を参照して、実施の形態2に従った車両100では、2つの充電ポートである低圧充電ポート90Cと、高圧充電ポート90Dが設けられている。低圧充電ポート90Cでは、一般家庭からの100Vの電圧で充電するのに対し、高圧充電ポート90Dでは、バッテリBと同じ電圧で充電することにより、急速な充電を可能としている。
Claims (5)
- 外部からの電源により充電可能な車両(100)であって、
充電口(90)が設けられた車体(200)と、
外部から衝撃を受けると変形して充電口を覆うように前記充電口付近に設けられたガイド部材(404)とを備えた、車両。 - 前記ガイド部材はガイドレールである、請求項1に記載の車両。
- 前記ガイドレールは板状部材を捻ることで製造される、請求項2に記載の車両。
- 前記充電口は前記車体前方に設けられる、請求項1に記載の車両。
- 前記充電口は、高圧充電用の第一充電ポート(90A)と、低圧充電用の第二充電ポート(90B)とを含む、請求項1に記載の車両。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/115,041 US9033076B2 (en) | 2011-05-12 | 2011-05-12 | Vehicle |
PCT/JP2011/060929 WO2012153413A1 (ja) | 2011-05-12 | 2011-05-12 | 車両 |
CN201180070806.2A CN103517816B (zh) | 2011-05-12 | 2011-05-12 | 车辆 |
JP2013513862A JP5472532B2 (ja) | 2011-05-12 | 2011-05-12 | 車両 |
DE112011105236.7T DE112011105236B4 (de) | 2011-05-12 | 2011-05-12 | Fahrzeug |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2011/060929 WO2012153413A1 (ja) | 2011-05-12 | 2011-05-12 | 車両 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012153413A1 true WO2012153413A1 (ja) | 2012-11-15 |
Family
ID=47138912
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2011/060929 WO2012153413A1 (ja) | 2011-05-12 | 2011-05-12 | 車両 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9033076B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5472532B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103517816B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112011105236B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012153413A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2018012392A (ja) * | 2016-07-20 | 2018-01-25 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 自動車の前部構造 |
JP2021019413A (ja) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-02-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両の外装構造 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102017209715A1 (de) | 2017-06-08 | 2018-12-13 | Audi Ag | Ladevorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug, Kraftfahrzeug, Ladeanordnung sowie Betriebsverfahren |
CN109204560B (zh) * | 2017-06-30 | 2021-02-23 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 电动汽车及其车身结构 |
JP7059878B2 (ja) * | 2018-10-03 | 2022-04-26 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両後部構造 |
Citations (2)
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JP2009136110A (ja) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-18 | Toyota Motor Corp | 車両の充電制御装置 |
JP2011020601A (ja) * | 2009-07-17 | 2011-02-03 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 車両の充電ポート構造 |
Family Cites Families (14)
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JP3024040B2 (ja) | 1993-12-31 | 2000-03-21 | 株式会社ケンウッド | 電気機器の充電装置、外部電池装置 |
US5617003A (en) * | 1995-03-24 | 1997-04-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho | Method and apparatus for charging a battery of an electric vehicle |
DE69714879T2 (de) * | 1996-01-30 | 2003-05-08 | Sumitomo Wiring Systems | Verbindungssystem mit zugehörigem Verfahren |
JP3266015B2 (ja) | 1996-11-26 | 2002-03-18 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 電気自動車の充電ポートユニット取付構造 |
JP3795225B2 (ja) | 1998-05-12 | 2006-07-12 | カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 | 電気自動車の充電部構造 |
JP3531491B2 (ja) * | 1998-09-11 | 2004-05-31 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 自動車の車体前部構造 |
JP2003151841A (ja) * | 2001-11-09 | 2003-05-23 | Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd | 電動小型車両の充電用コネクタ |
JP4162026B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-10-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両充電システム、車両充電装置および電動車両 |
JP4285578B1 (ja) * | 2008-01-15 | 2009-06-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両の充電装置 |
US8072182B2 (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2011-12-06 | Vasilantone Michael M | Hybrid automotive vehicle with closed-circuit, inductance battery charging |
JP5018830B2 (ja) * | 2009-06-11 | 2012-09-05 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 充電ポート用リッドの開閉構造 |
JP5312370B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-23 | 2013-10-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | インレット組立体 |
WO2011128986A1 (ja) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | ハイブリッド車両 |
ES2767082T3 (es) * | 2010-11-05 | 2020-06-16 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Sistema de suministro de energía para vehículo, y vehículo equipado con dicho sistema de suministro de energía |
-
2011
- 2011-05-12 CN CN201180070806.2A patent/CN103517816B/zh active Active
- 2011-05-12 US US14/115,041 patent/US9033076B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-05-12 WO PCT/JP2011/060929 patent/WO2012153413A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-05-12 JP JP2013513862A patent/JP5472532B2/ja active Active
- 2011-05-12 DE DE112011105236.7T patent/DE112011105236B4/de active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2009136110A (ja) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-18 | Toyota Motor Corp | 車両の充電制御装置 |
JP2011020601A (ja) * | 2009-07-17 | 2011-02-03 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 車両の充電ポート構造 |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2018012392A (ja) * | 2016-07-20 | 2018-01-25 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 自動車の前部構造 |
JP2021019413A (ja) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-02-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両の外装構造 |
US11884169B2 (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2024-01-30 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exterior structure of vehicle |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE112011105236T5 (de) | 2014-02-06 |
CN103517816A (zh) | 2014-01-15 |
JPWO2012153413A1 (ja) | 2014-07-28 |
CN103517816B (zh) | 2015-04-22 |
US20140073147A1 (en) | 2014-03-13 |
JP5472532B2 (ja) | 2014-04-16 |
US9033076B2 (en) | 2015-05-19 |
DE112011105236B4 (de) | 2016-01-07 |
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