WO2012152625A1 - Neuartige langlebige, hydrolysestabile biobasierte kunststoffe auf basis von polyhydroxyalkanoat (pha), ein verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung - Google Patents
Neuartige langlebige, hydrolysestabile biobasierte kunststoffe auf basis von polyhydroxyalkanoat (pha), ein verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012152625A1 WO2012152625A1 PCT/EP2012/058026 EP2012058026W WO2012152625A1 WO 2012152625 A1 WO2012152625 A1 WO 2012152625A1 EP 2012058026 W EP2012058026 W EP 2012058026W WO 2012152625 A1 WO2012152625 A1 WO 2012152625A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- aromatic
- polymeric
- oligomeric
- carbodiimide
- alkyl
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/29—Compounds containing one or more carbon-to-nitrogen double bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
Definitions
- PHA polyvinyl alcoholate
- the invention relates to novel, long-lasting, hydrolysis-stable, bio-based plastics based on polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), which have sufficient melt stability, a process for their preparation and their use.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- Bio-based plastics known as biopolymers, are ecologically more sustainable materials compared to petrochemical-based plastics because of the bio-based raw materials used.
- bio-based plastics have gained increasing importance not only in the packaging sector but also in the production of durable and technical plastic products.
- optimizations in material production and processing are often necessary.
- Bio-based plastics consist for example of an aliphatic polyester resin, which is produced by direct fermentative production of starch, sugar, carbohydrates, vegetable oil or fats.
- Bio-based plastics have the great advantage that they are very environmentally friendly.
- the group of biopolymers in particular polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) have the advantage that, for example, they have a higher heat resistance, compared to polylactic acid (PLA) possess.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoates
- PHA polylactic acid
- polyhydroxyalkanoates show a very low shrinkage in manufactured products, so that product geometries are possible, which can not be realized with conventional polymers.
- Both polylactic acid and polyhydroxyalkanoates are classed as aliphatic polyesters and are both susceptible to polymer degradation during processing and during use.
- the degradation mechanism of polylactic acid proceeds via the classical route of ester hydrolysis, which, under the action of acids or bases in the presence of water, leads to cleavage of the ester bond in the polylactic acid, generating new hydroxyl and carboxyl groups.
- the new carboxyl groups lead to hydrolysis of further ester groups in the polylactic acid polymer, i. the process is autocatalytic.
- the ester cleavage in the polylactic acid thus leads to a polymer degradation and thus to a reduction in the life of the polylactic acid and an unstable process.
- polyhydroxyalkanoates is much less sensitive to hydrolysis compared to polylactic acid. This difference in susceptibility to hydrolysis arises from the different degradation mechanism. In contrast to polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates are dominated by a different mechanism of ⁇ -elimination. This ⁇ -elimination leads to cleavage of the polyhydroxyalkanoate polymer chain to form unsaturated polymer fragments, see Yoshihiro Aoyagi, et al., Polymer Degradation and Stability 76, 2002, 53-59.
- polyhydroxyalkanoates Compared to polylactic acid, hydrolytic degradation of polyhydroxyalkanoates plays a subordinate role but, since PHAs are also aliphatic polyesters, they may also occur. Despite the deviating degradation mechanism, polyhydroxyalkanoates have the disadvantage that they do not have sufficient hydrolytic stability for long-lived and industrial applications and are also difficult to process, which is reflected in a sharp increase in the melt volume rate (MVR). It is therefore necessary to look for a way to achieve stabilization of PHA during processing as well as during use, despite the combination of the largely predominant ⁇ -elimination and the still-occurring hydrolysis.
- MVR melt volume rate
- EP-A 1 627 894 describes the use of diisopropylphenylcarbodiimide as a hydrolysis protection agent in aliphatic polyester resins. However, no satisfactory result is achieved in terms of processibility and anti-hydrolysis.
- EP-A 10172530 describes the use of a combination of a monomeric and oligomeric carbodiimide. Although this leads to an improvement of the hydrolysis protection and the processing, however, this result with regard to the hydrolysis protection effect in many concentration ranges, is not sufficient.
- bio-based plastics according to the invention from the class of polyhydroxyalkanoates containing at least> 0.5% by weight of oligomeric and / or polymeric aromatic and / or araliphatic oligomeric carbodiimide compound, perform this task.
- the present invention therefore relates to biobased plastics containing a combination of at least one polyhydroxyalkanoate and at least 0.5% by weight, preferably 0.7 and 4% by weight, more preferably 1 to 2.5% by weight, very particularly preferably 1 to 2.0% by weight of at least one oligomeric and / or polymeric aromatic and / or araliphatic carbodiimide, in one preferred embodiment of the invention consisting essentially of polyhydroxyalkanoate and carbodiimide.
- Stabilizers such as antioxidants, plasticizers, impact modifiers, flame retardants and fillers.
- the biobased plastics are preferably polyhydroxyalkanoates which can be prepared by direct fermentative preparation from starch, sugar, carbohydrates, vegetable oil or fats.
- Polyhydroxyalkanoates are preferably compounds of structural formula (I)
- PHB polyhydroxybutyrate
- PVB polyhydroxyvalerate
- PHBV polyhydroxybutyrate valerate
- PHO polyhydroxyoctanoate
- PBH polyhydroxybutyratehexanoate
- polyhydroxyalkanoates particularly preferred as bio-based plastics are commercially available, e.g. under the name Mirel in the Finna sectiones or as Enmat of the Tianan company, or can be prepared according to the methods familiar to the person skilled in the art, e.g. by fermentation.
- R '" is an aromatic and / or araliphatic radical and m> 1, R'" is the same or different within the molecule and can be combined with each other in any combination of any of the aforementioned radicals,
- R aromatic, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and / or araliphatic radical
- R " H
- -NCO -NHCONHR 1 , -NHCONR'R 2 , -NHCOOR 3 , -NHCOS-R 1 , -COO R 1 , -OR 1 , -N (R 1 ⁇ ,
- R 'and R independently R l and R 2 are identical or different and a Ci-C 2 o-alkyl, C 3 -C 2 o-cycloalkyl, -aryl, C 7 -C 8 -aryl, 01igo- / polyethylene and / or -Propylenglykole represent and R 3 has one of the meanings of R 1 or a polyester or a polyamide radical, and m a whole Corresponds to from 2 to 5,000, and in the case of oligomeric carbodiimides m corresponds to an integer from 2 to 5, and in polymeric carbodiimides m corresponds to an integer of> 5, and / or of the formula (III)
- Y arylene, C 7 -Cig-aralkylene
- p an integer from 1 to 500, preferably 1 to 100,
- q an integer from 1 to 500, preferably 1 to 100,
- o an integer from 1 to 500, preferably 1 to 100, wherein
- X is H, -OH, -SH, -NH 2 , -OR 1 , -N (R 1 ) 2 , -SR 1 , -NHR 1 , R 2 , -OCO-NH-R ', NH CO-, -NH-R ' , -S-CO-NH-R'
- R ' C 1 -C 18 -alkyl, C 5 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, aryl, C 7 -C 18 -aralkyl, -R "' - NH-COS-R 1 , -R 1 -COOR 1 , -R 1 - OR 1 , -R '"- ⁇ 1 ⁇ , - R"' -SR 1 , -R "'---OH, -R"' - NH 2 , -R ⁇ -NHR 1 , -R "'- epoxy, R "'- NCO, - R"' - NHCONHR 1 , - R "'- NHCONR 1 R 2 or - R"' - NH - COOR 3 , wherein
- R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and are a C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 3 -C 20 -cycloalkyl, aryl, C 7 -C 8 -aryl, 01igo- / polyethylene and / or propylene glycols and R 3 is a has the meanings of R 1 or denotes a polyester or a polyamide radical,
- Z Y, polyesters, polyethers, polyamides and R '"means an aromatic and / or araliphatic radical
- Aromatic oligomeric and / or polymeric carbodiimides of the abovementioned formula (I) with m> 2 are particularly preferred.
- the polymeric and / or oligomeric carbodiimide are compounds of the formula (II) in which R 1, 3-substituted-2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl and / or 1,3-bis (l-methyl-1-isocyanatoethyl) benzene and / or tetramethylxylylene derivatives and / or 2,4-substituted tolylene and / or 2,6-substituted tolylene and / or mixtures of 2,4- or 2,6-
- the abovementioned carbodiimides are commercially available compounds which, for example, are available from Rhein Chemie Rheinau GmbH under the trade names Stabaxol® P (NCN content: 12.5-13.5%), Stabaxol® P 100 (NCN Content: 12.5-13.5%) and Stabaxol® P 400 (NCN content: 12.5-13.5%) are commercially available, as well as the preparation of the carbodiimides according to, for example
- catalysts for example, strong bases or phosphorus compounds have been proven.
- phospholene oxides, phospholidines or phospholine oxides and the corresponding sulfides are used.
- tertiary amines, basic metal compounds, carboxylic acid metal salts and non-basic organometallic compounds can be used.
- carbodiimides and / or polycarbodiimides all isocyanates such as 2,6-diisopropylphenyl isocyanate are suitable, with preferred in the context of the present invention, carbodiimides and / or polycarbodiimides are used, which are based on substituted aromatic by Cr to C4 alkyl isocyanates, , 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl-l, 3-diisocyanate, 2,4,6-triethylphenyl-l, 3-diisocyanate, 2,4,6-trimethyl-phenyl-l, 3-diisocyanate, 2,4'- Diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 3,3 ', 5,5'-tetraisopropyl-4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 3,3', 5,5'-tetraethyl-4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane,
- carbodiimides and / or Polycarbodiimides based on 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl-l, 3-diisocyanate and / or 2,6-diisopropyl-phenylene isocyanate and / or tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate.
- Polycarbodiimides when made from isocyanates, may also contain reactive NCO groups and complexed monomeric isocyanates.
- the total amount of carbodiimides, based on the plastic is greater than 0.5%, particularly preferably> 0.7% by weight.
- the proportion of polyhydroxyalkanoate in the bio-based plastic is 5-99.5%, more preferably 20-99.3%.
- the present invention furthermore relates to a process for the preparation of the bio-based plastics according to the invention, according to which at least one polyhydroxyalkanoate with at least 0.5 wt.%, Preferably 0.7 to 4 wt.%, Particularly preferably 1 to 2.5 wt particularly preferably 1 to 2.0% by weight of at least one oligomeric and / or polymeric, aromatic and / or araliphatic carbodiimide are mixed in a mixing unit.
- Mixing units in the context of the invention are, for example, an extruder or kneader.
- the subject of the present invention is also the use of the bio-based plastics according to the invention in long-lived applications, such as e.g. Electronics, automotive, construction, transportation, household, e.g. as bath utensils, or as office supplies, or for applications under severe conditions, such as sterile conditions in medicine.
- long-lived applications such as e.g. Electronics, automotive, construction, transportation, household, e.g. as bath utensils, or as office supplies, or for applications under severe conditions, such as sterile conditions in medicine.
- CDI I a sterically hindered, aromatic carbodiimide (Stabaxol® I LF) with an NCN content of at least 10.0%, from Rhein Chemie Rheinau GmbH.
- CDI II a sterically hindered, aromatic oligomeric carbodiimide (Stabaxol® P) with an NCN content of 13.5%, from Rhein Chemie Rheinau GmbH.
- CDI III a sterically hindered, aromatic polymeric carbodiimide (Stabaxol® P 400) with an NCN content of 13.5%, from Rhein Chemie Rheinau GmbH.
- Carbodilite® LA-1 (H12MDI-PCDI): a polymeric aliphatic carbodiimide with an NCN content of 15.8%, from Nisshinbo.
- the F3 standard test specimens were produced on an Arburg Allrounder 320 S 150 - 500 injection molding machine.
- the F3 standard specimens were stored in water at a temperature of 85 ° C, and after various time units, a tensile test was carried out to check the tensile strength.
- the hydrolysis protection period describes the life of the test specimens after how many days under test conditions the tensile strength has assumed a value less than 5 MPa.
- the F3 standard test specimens were stored in water at a temperature of 65 ° C and after different time units a tensile test was carried out to check the tensile strength.
- melt volume rate was measured using a device from Göttfert, model MI 4.
- the residual moisture content of the polymer granules is at most 100 ppm.
- Test conditions for PHA (Samples 1-16): Measurement temperature 175 ° C, test weight 2.16 kg. Melting time: 5 minutes.
- Test conditions for PLA Measurement temperature 200 ° C, test weight 2, 16 kg, melting time: 5 minutes.
- the mixtures 1 to 6 according to the invention are distinguished by high hydrolysis protection and excellent MVR values. Thus, they are significantly improved over the mixtures of PLA with carbodiimides, in which only either the hydrolytic stability or the MVR value is improved, but never both. It is also apparent from Comparative Examples 17-22 that the effects of carbodiimides in PLA and PHA are surprisingly distinctly different.
- monomeric carbodiimides CDl I
- polymeric carbodiimides CDl II
- polymeric carbodiimides CDI II and CDI III
- CDU monomeric carbodiimides
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201280021940.8A CN103517941A (zh) | 2011-05-06 | 2012-05-02 | 新颖的基于多羟基烷酸酯(pha)的持久水解稳定的生物基塑料、其生产方法及其用途 |
US14/115,492 US20140155557A1 (en) | 2011-05-06 | 2012-05-02 | Novel durable, hydrolysis-stable bio-based plastics based on polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha), method for producing same, and use thereof |
JP2014508781A JP2014514418A (ja) | 2011-05-06 | 2012-05-02 | ポリヒドロキシアルカノエート(pha)をベースとする、革新的な、長寿命であり加水分解に対して安定な、バイオプラスチック、その製造方法、及びその使用 |
EP12718215.2A EP2705083A1 (de) | 2011-05-06 | 2012-05-02 | Neuartige langlebige, hydrolysestabile biobasierte kunststoffe auf basis von polyhydroxyalkanoat (pha), ein verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung |
CA2835251A CA2835251A1 (en) | 2011-05-06 | 2012-05-02 | Innovative long-lived, hydrolysis-stable biobased plastics based on polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha), a method for producing them and use thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11165137A EP2520612A1 (de) | 2011-05-06 | 2011-05-06 | Neuartige langlebige, hydrolysestabile biobasierte Kunststoffe auf Basis von Polyhydroxyalkanoat (PHA), ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
EP11165137.8 | 2011-05-06 | ||
EP11190827 | 2011-11-25 | ||
EP11190827.3 | 2011-11-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2012152625A1 true WO2012152625A1 (de) | 2012-11-15 |
Family
ID=46025716
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2012/058026 WO2012152625A1 (de) | 2011-05-06 | 2012-05-02 | Neuartige langlebige, hydrolysestabile biobasierte kunststoffe auf basis von polyhydroxyalkanoat (pha), ein verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20140155557A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2705083A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2014514418A (de) |
CN (1) | CN103517941A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2835251A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2012152625A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
PT2975083T (pt) * | 2014-07-14 | 2017-04-24 | Lanxess Deutschland Gmbh | Processo para a estabilização de material plástico de base biológica à base de resina de poliéster |
CN105778026B (zh) * | 2014-12-25 | 2018-11-20 | 上海华峰新材料研发科技有限公司 | 含位阻的碳化二亚胺类低聚物及其制备方法和应用 |
JP2017190444A (ja) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-10-19 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | 樹脂ペレットおよびその製造方法、ならびに成形品の製造方法 |
US10283233B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2019-05-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | Bio-based conformal coating for sulfur sequestration using polyhydroxyalkanoates |
US10072120B2 (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2018-09-11 | International Business Machines Corporation | Functionalized polyhydroxyalkanoate materials formed from an unsaturated polyhydroxyalkanoate material |
US10081706B2 (en) | 2017-01-03 | 2018-09-25 | International Business Machines Corporation | Side-chain-functionalized polyhydroxyalkanoate materials |
JP2022167652A (ja) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-11-04 | 株式会社 資生堂 | 組成物、成形体、化粧料用容器、及び化粧料 |
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EP1627894A1 (de) | 2003-05-20 | 2006-02-22 | Mitsubishi Plastics Inc. | Reflexionsfolie und reflexionsplatte aus harz auf basis von aliphatischem polyester |
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JP4245333B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-08 | 2009-03-25 | 日清紡績株式会社 | 生分解性プラスチック組成物、その成形品及びこれを利用した生分解速度制御方法 |
JP5245229B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-30 | 2013-07-24 | 東レ株式会社 | 樹脂組成物およびそれからなる成形品 |
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EP2418250A1 (de) * | 2010-08-11 | 2012-02-15 | Rhein Chemie Rheinau GmbH | Langlebige biobasierte Kunststoffe auf Basis von Polyhydroxyalkanoat, ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
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2012
- 2012-05-02 CN CN201280021940.8A patent/CN103517941A/zh active Pending
- 2012-05-02 WO PCT/EP2012/058026 patent/WO2012152625A1/de active Application Filing
- 2012-05-02 US US14/115,492 patent/US20140155557A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-05-02 JP JP2014508781A patent/JP2014514418A/ja active Pending
- 2012-05-02 CA CA2835251A patent/CA2835251A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-05-02 EP EP12718215.2A patent/EP2705083A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103517941A (zh) | 2014-01-15 |
JP2014514418A (ja) | 2014-06-19 |
US20140155557A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
EP2705083A1 (de) | 2014-03-12 |
CA2835251A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
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