WO2012130187A2 - 秸秆碾碎离心定位挤压机 - Google Patents

秸秆碾碎离心定位挤压机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012130187A2
WO2012130187A2 PCT/CN2012/075995 CN2012075995W WO2012130187A2 WO 2012130187 A2 WO2012130187 A2 WO 2012130187A2 CN 2012075995 W CN2012075995 W CN 2012075995W WO 2012130187 A2 WO2012130187 A2 WO 2012130187A2
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Prior art keywords
chamber
roller
straw
wall
granulating
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PCT/CN2012/075995
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2012130187A3 (zh
Inventor
高小林
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Gao Xiaolin
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Publication of WO2012130187A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012130187A2/zh
Publication of WO2012130187A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012130187A3/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/20—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by expressing the material, e.g. through sieves and fragmenting the extruded length

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to a device for extruding raw materials into particles, in particular to a straw crushing centrifugal positioning extruder.
  • the straw harvester the main function is the straw recovery as fuel, because the straw burning heat value is low, so the straw is used for fuel recovery. The amount is reduced compared with before, so that the straw expands too much, which brings about a large space occupied by the hidden, perishable and polluted air, easily causing fire. .
  • the straw factory-type rolling forming machine the main function is to carry the straw after the straw is transported to the site. The disadvantage is that the problem of straw cutting, baling and transportation is not solved, and the farmers simply cut the straw and bundle the loading and unloading.
  • the present invention is directed to overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a straw crushing centrifugal positioning extruder.
  • the straw crushing centrifugal positioning extruder of the present invention is composed of a driving machine, a shifting gear box, a granulating chamber and a chamber.
  • the output shaft of the drive machine is fixedly coupled to the transverse input shaft of the shift gear box, and the vertical main shaft of the shift gear box extends through the granulation chamber and the chamber.
  • An I-shaped roller frame is fixed on the vertical main shaft of the granulation chamber, and more than one squeeze roller is movably fitted on the vertical shaft at the outer end of the I-shaped roller frame and in the gap with the wall plate of the granulation chamber .
  • the emulsion of the perforation of the orifice plate is arranged on the roller wall of the pressing roller, and the upper end of the pressing roller is fixed with a synchronizing gear, and the corresponding tooth on the gear and the inner wall of the granulation chamber The circles engage.
  • a granule annular collecting groove is provided around the circumference of the granulation outdoor wall, and the collecting tank is provided with a discharge port.
  • the straw crushing centrifugal positioning extruder of the invention has reasonable structural design, and the produced product has good quality and density, is not limited by the water content of the straw, has high production efficiency, and can be industrially produced on a large scale.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a straw crushing centrifugal positioning extruder of the present invention
  • the straw crushing centrifugal positioning extruder of the present invention is composed of a driving machine 1, a shift gear box 2, a granulation chamber 3, and a chamber 4.
  • the extruder is composed of a feed hopper 14, a chamber 4, a granulation chamber 3, and a shift gear box 2 in this order from top to bottom.
  • a transverse weir 11 is provided between the chamber 4 and the granulation chamber 3, and the granulation chamber 3 and the shift gear box 2 are separated by a partition 21.
  • the output shaft 5 of the outdoor power unit drive unit 1 is fixedly coupled to the transverse input shaft 6 of the shift gear box 2, the input shaft 6 is meshed with the turbine 22, and the vertical main shaft 7 of the shift gear box 2 is fixed to the turbine 22,
  • the main shaft 7 passes through the partition plate 21 of the granulation chamber 3, the weir 11 of the weir chamber 4, and the vertical main shaft 7 is coupled to the bottom plate of the gear case, the partition plate 21, and the sill plate 11.
  • An outlet is arranged in the wall of the granulation chamber 3, and an I-shaped roller frame 8 is fixed on the vertical main shaft 7 of the granulation chamber 3, and the vertical shaft 20 at both ends of the I-shaped roller frame 8 is movably fitted a roller 10; a synchronizing gear 17 is fixed at an upper end of the pressing roller 10, and the gear 17 meshes with a corresponding ring gear 18 on the inner wall of the granulating chamber 3, and the pressing roller 10 and the cylindrical wall plate 9 of the granulation chamber 3 are moved Cooperating; a convex milk projection 19 is arranged on the pressing roller 10, and is convex-concave with the hole-by-hole of the cylindrical wall plate 9 of the granulation chamber 3; a ring collection of pellets is arranged around the outer wall of the granulation chamber 3
  • the tank 15 and the collecting tank 15 are provided with a discharge port 16.
  • a plurality of roller shafts 12 are laterally fixed on the vertical main shaft 7 in the chamber 4, and the nip roller 13 is rotatably fitted at both ends of each of the roller shafts 12 and spaced apart from the sill plate 11;
  • the ring wall extends upwardly to connect the feed hopper 14.
  • the straw crushing centrifugal positioning extruder of the present invention is composed of a driving machine 1, a shift gear box 2, a granulation chamber 3, and a chamber 4.
  • the extruder is composed of a feed hopper 14, a chamber 4, a granulation chamber 3, and a shift gear box 2 in this order from top to bottom.
  • a lateral raft 11 is provided between the chamber 4 and the granulation chamber 3.
  • the output shaft 5 of the drive unit 1 is fixedly coupled to the transverse input shaft 6 of the shift gear box 2, the vertical main shaft 7 of the shift gear box 2 extends through the granulation chamber 3 and the chamber 4; the vertical spindle 7 in the granulation chamber 3
  • the I-shaped roller frame 8 is fixed on the vertical shaft 20 at the outer end of the I-shaped roller frame 8, and one or more pressing rollers 10 are movably fitted in the gap with the cylindrical wall plate 9 of the granulation chamber 3;
  • the roller 13 is movably engaged; the ring wall of the chamber 4 extends upwardly to connect the hopper 14.
  • a roller protrusion 19 which is convexly and concavely engaged with the hole-by-hole of the orifice plate 9 is arranged on the roller wall of the pressing roller 10, and the synchronous gear 17 is fixed to the upper end of the pressing roller 10, and the gear ring 17 and the corresponding ring gear on the inner wall of the granulation chamber 3 are arranged. 18 phases are engaged.
  • the straw crushing centrifugal positioning extruder of the invention can extrude the fluffy, messy and bulky crop straw into solid particles, solve the problem that the straw occupies the land, affects the cultivation, and eliminates the defects described in the background art. , to achieve waste utilization and maintain environmental quality.
  • the main industrial practical advantage comes from the innovation of working methods.
  • the plant straw is sent from the feeding hopper into the crucible chamber, and the forced rolling of the crucible roller effectively destroys the moisture of the fiber in the straw, so that the straw water is reduced, and the straw powder passes through the transverse crucible to enter the granulation.
  • the high-temperature heat generated by the friction between the roller and the transverse jaw can evaporate a part of the water in the straw, and the straw can be naturally dried.
  • the straw enters the granulation chamber through the seesaw.
  • the straw powder rotates in the granulation chamber, and the squeeze roller extrudes the straw powder into granules and extrudes from the orifice plate into the collection tank.
  • the remaining water in the friction hot needle straw generated in the rotary pressing of the squeeze roll and the orifice plate evaporates, thereby producing a finished product.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Description

秸秆碾碎离心定位挤压机 技术领域
本发明属于将原料挤压成颗粒的装置，尤其涉及一种秸秆碾碎离心定位挤压机。
背景技术
随着农业机械化的发展，农作物收割基本实现机械化，特别是小麦、水稻和玉米基本上实现了联合收割机作业，但针对农业生产产生的大量的作物秸秆，其处理方式主要是秸秆粉碎后回田、打捆、割回做燃料、加工成饲料等几种方式，针对这几种处理方式的农机产品主要有：一、秸秆粉碎机，主要功能是秸秆粉碎后回田，其不足之处在于秸秆回田后当年不能腐烂，给农耕带来不便；二、秸秆打捆机，主要功能是秸秆打捆后用于发电、制作饲料，其不足之处在于只能收割被割倒的秸秆，打捆后没有解决运输保管的问题，且处理后的秸秆未达到做饲料的细度；三、秸秆收割机，主要功能是秸秆回收做燃料，因其秸秆燃烧热值低，所以用秸秆回收做燃料的量较之前有所减少，这样秸秆过多膨胀，所带来的隐患有占用空间较大、易腐烂污染空气、易引起火灾。四、秸秆工厂式碾压成型机，主要功能是把秸秆运到场地后进行碾压，不足之处在于未解决秸秆割、捆、运的问题，单靠农民自行把秸秆割倒打捆装车运到工厂，农民费时费力，得到的利益少，使其宁愿就地焚烧也不送工厂，导致碾压机器厂原料供应不足，同时农民就地焚烧的处理方式不但污染空气，也给安全防火带来隐患。针对上述各种问题，目前农业上使用了一种秸秆制粒机很受到欢迎，其是将秸秆制成颗粒作饲料或燃料存储，能节约大量的占地空间，但是由于其结构设计不合理，其对秸秆含水量有严格要求，含水量过高，其就不能工作，且生产产品质密性差，生产效率低，不能形成工业化大规模的生产。
技术问题
本发明旨在于克服现有技术的不足，提供了一种秸秆碾碎离心定位挤压机。
技术解决方案
本发明的秸秆碾碎离心定位挤压机，是由驱动机、变速齿轮箱、造粒室和揉搓室构成。驱动机的输出轴与变速齿轮箱的横向输入轴相固定联接，变速齿轮箱的垂向主轴贯穿造粒室和揉搓室。在造粒室的垂向主轴上固定了工字型辊架，在工字型辊架外端的立轴上、且与造粒室的筒壁孔板成间隙地动配合了一个以上的挤压辊。揉搓室与造粒室之间有横向箅板、揉搓室内的垂向主轴上横向固定了一组以上的辊轴，在各组辊轴上且与箅板成间隙地动配合了揉搓辊；揉搓室的环壁向上延伸连接着进料斗。
作为本发明的进一步改进，在挤压辊的辊壁上排列着与孔板的逐孔相凸凹配合的乳凸，挤压辊的上端固定了同步齿轮，齿轮与造粒室内壁上对应的齿圈相啮合。
作为本发明的进一步改进，在造粒室外壁的环周设有粒料环形收集槽，收集槽设有出料口。
 有益效果
本发明的秸秆碾碎离心定位挤压机，结构设计合理，生产出的产品质密性好，不受秸秆含水量的限制，生产效率高，可以大规模工业化生产。
附图说明
图1是本发明的秸秆碾碎离心定位挤压机的结构示意图；
驱动机1，变速齿轮箱2、造粒室3，揉搓室4，输出轴5，输入轴6，垂向主轴7，工字型辊架8，孔板9，挤压辊10，箅板11，辊轴12，揉搓辊13，进料斗14，收集槽15，出料口16，齿轮17，齿圈18，乳凸19，立轴20，隔板21，涡轮22。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
本发明的秸秆碾碎离心定位挤压机，是由驱动机1、变速齿轮箱2、造粒室3和揉搓室4构成。挤压机是从上至下依次由进料斗14、揉搓室4、造粒室3和变速齿轮箱2相连接构成。揉搓室4和造粒室3之间设有横向箅板11，造粒室3和变速齿轮箱2由隔板21隔开。
室外的动力装置驱动机1的输出轴5与变速齿轮箱2的横向输入轴6相固定联接，输入轴6与涡轮22相啮合，变速齿轮箱2的垂向主轴7与涡轮22相固定，垂向主轴7穿过造粒室3的隔板21、揉搓室4的箅板11，且垂向主轴7与齿轮箱的底板、隔板21和箅板11均轴承连接。
在造粒室3的室壁排列着出口，在造粒室3的垂向主轴7上固定了工字型辊架8，在工字型辊架8两端的立轴20上分别动配合了挤压辊10；在挤压辊10的上端固定了同步齿轮17，齿轮17与造粒室3内壁上对应的齿圈18相啮合，挤压辊10与造粒室3的筒壁孔板9间隙动配合；在挤压辊10上排列着凸起的乳凸19，与造粒室3的筒壁孔板9的逐孔相凸凹配合；在造粒室3外壁的环周设有粒料环形收集槽15，收集槽15设有出料口16。
在揉搓室4内的垂向主轴7上横向固定了一组以上的辊轴12，在各组辊轴12的两端且与箅板11成间隙地动配合了揉搓辊13；揉搓室4的环壁向上延伸连接着进料斗14。
 本发明的实施方式
本发明的秸秆碾碎离心定位挤压机，是由驱动机1、变速齿轮箱2、造粒室3和揉搓室4构成。挤压机是从上至下依次由进料斗14、揉搓室4、造粒室3和变速齿轮箱2相连接构成。揉搓室4和造粒室3之间设有横向箅板11。
驱动机1的输出轴5与变速齿轮箱2的横向输入轴6相固定联接，变速齿轮箱2的垂向主轴7贯穿造粒室3和揉搓室4；在造粒室3的垂向主轴7上固定了工字型辊架8，在工字型辊架8外端的立轴20上、且与造粒室3的筒壁孔板9成间隙地动配合了一个以上的挤压辊10；揉搓室4与造粒室3之间有横向箅板11、揉搓室4内的垂向主轴7上横向固定了一组以上的辊轴12，在各组辊轴12上且与箅板11成间隙地动配合了揉搓辊13；揉搓室4的环壁向上延伸连接着进料斗14。挤压辊10的辊壁上排列着与孔板9的逐孔相凸凹配合的乳凸19，挤压辊10的上端固定了同步齿轮17，齿轮17与造粒室3内壁上对应的齿圈18相啮合。
 工业实用性
本发明的秸秆碾碎离心定位挤压机，可以将蓬松、凌乱、体积大的农作物秸秆挤压成固体颗料，解决了秸秆占地，影响耕作的问题，杜绝了背景技术中所述的缺陷，做到了废物利用，保持了环境质量。
构成工业实用性的另一判断是宏观和微观的经济性。前述高效、环保特性体现了工作过程中的优势，而其制造的成品成本优势更大，经本装置生产出秸秆颗粒产品质密性好，热值大，保持了环境的卫生，可以替代不可再生的煤资源。
主要的工业实用性优势源自工作方式的创新。工作时，将植物秸秆从进料斗送入揉搓室内，经揉搓辊的强制碾压，有效地破坏了秸秆中纤维的水份，使秸秆水份降低，秸秆粉末穿过横向箅板进入造粒室时才不会堵塞；另外，揉搓辊和横向箅板工作中摩擦产生的高温热量能将秸秆中的一部分水份蒸发掉，也可使秸秆自然干燥。秸秆通过箅板进入造粒室，在离心力的作用，秸秆粉末在造粒室内旋转，挤压辊将秸秆粉末挤压成颗粒从孔板中挤出进入收集槽。在挤压辊和孔板旋转挤压中产生的摩擦热针秸秆中剩余的水份蒸发掉，从而制得成品。
 序列表自由内容

Claims (3)

  1. 秸秆碾碎离心定位挤压机，是由驱动机（1）、变速齿轮箱（2）、造粒室（3）和揉搓室（4）构成，其特征在于驱动机（1）的输出轴（5）与变速齿轮箱（2）的横向输入轴（6）相固定联接，变速齿轮箱（2）的垂向主轴（7）贯穿造粒室（3）和揉搓室（4）；在造粒室（3）的垂向主轴（7）上固定了工字型辊架（8），在工字型辊架（8）外端的立轴（20）上、且与造粒室（3）的筒壁孔板（9）成间隙地动配合了一个以上的挤压辊（10）；揉搓室（4）与造粒室（3）之间有横向箅板（11）、揉搓室（4）内的垂向主轴（7）上横向固定了一组以上的辊轴（12），在各组辊轴（12）上且与箅板（11）成间隙地动配合了揉搓辊（13）；揉搓室（4）的环壁向上延伸连接着进料斗（14）。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的秸秆碾碎离心定位挤压机，其特征在于挤压辊（10）的辊壁上排列着与孔板（9）的逐孔相凸凹配合的乳凸（19），挤压辊（10）的上端固定了同步齿轮（17），齿轮（17）与造粒室（3）内壁上对应的齿圈（18）相啮合。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的秸秆碾碎离心定位挤压机，其特征是在造粒室（3）外壁的环周设有粒料环形收集槽（15），收集槽（15）设有出料口（16）。
PCT/CN2012/075995 2011-03-29 2012-05-24 秸秆碾碎离心定位挤压机 WO2012130187A2 (zh)

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CN201110157464.XA CN102218283B (zh) 2011-03-29 2011-06-13 秸秆碾碎离心定位挤压机
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CN107891039A (zh) * 2017-11-20 2018-04-10 咸丰隆态生物科技有限公司 一种秸秆除杂装置
CN108837776A (zh) * 2018-08-07 2018-11-20 安徽工业大学 一种大型生物质平模颗粒成型设备及方法
CN114290467A (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-08 黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所 一种用于制造水稻秸秆装修板的秸秆梳理设备

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CN104841337B (zh) * 2015-05-26 2017-04-05 安徽大地节能科技有限公司 一种摆线式颗粒机
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CN105196599A (zh) * 2015-08-24 2015-12-30 太仓澄天机械有限公司 一种秸秆压块机
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