WO2012129906A1 - 一种轻型保温建筑墙体及其施工方法 - Google Patents

一种轻型保温建筑墙体及其施工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012129906A1
WO2012129906A1 PCT/CN2011/081266 CN2011081266W WO2012129906A1 WO 2012129906 A1 WO2012129906 A1 WO 2012129906A1 CN 2011081266 W CN2011081266 W CN 2011081266W WO 2012129906 A1 WO2012129906 A1 WO 2012129906A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wall
wall skeleton
concrete
skeleton
ring beam
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Application number
PCT/CN2011/081266
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王利亚
李森兰
王建平
黄成立
刘献明
Original Assignee
洛阳师范学院
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Application filed by 洛阳师范学院 filed Critical 洛阳师范学院
Publication of WO2012129906A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012129906A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8652—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties located in the joints of the forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/88—Curtain walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2002/8676—Wall end details
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/90—Passive houses; Double facade technology

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a building wall, and more particularly to a lightweight insulated building wall and a construction method thereof.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Energy saving reduces pollution emissions, and achieving a low carbon economy is an inevitable trend of world economic development, and building energy conservation is a very important aspect. Building energy saving is the key to exterior wall and roof insulation.
  • the external wall insulation technologies currently being used or promoted include: 1 externally applied foam plastic plate; 2 used for foaming plastic plates for external wall sandwich; 3 with special additives to make polyphenyl particles Or the glass microbeads and cement are used to make the external wall of the slurry; 4 the outer wall is integrally poured with the bulk density of (700 ⁇ 1200) kg/m 3 foam concrete.
  • the first three types of walls have different degrees of disadvantages. The overall capacity of the wall is large, the compressive strength of the external wall surface is low, and the service life is low, which cannot be consistent with the service life of the building body.
  • the present invention is to solve the technical problem that the strength of the thermal insulation wall is insufficient and the wall surface is easy to crack and fall off, and a lightweight thermal insulation building wall and a construction method thereof are provided, and the wall has the advantages of light weight, high strength and firmness.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problem is: a lightweight thermal insulation building wall, which is arranged between the upper ring beam and the lower ring beam of the building, and the wall body has a multi-layer structure, including the inner wall skeleton and the outer wall skeleton.
  • the wall skeleton, the inner wall body, the outer wall body and the plastering mortar layer provided on the surface of the inner and outer wall, the inner wall body and the outer wall body are two-layer concrete panels symmetrically arranged, and the two concrete concrete panels are respectively arranged on the inner wall skeleton and the outer wall frame
  • a lightweight foam concrete insulation layer is arranged between the two symmetric concrete panels, and a plurality of support bars are arranged in the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer, and the two ends of the support bar and the inner wall skeleton respectively Connected to the outer wall skeleton; the support bar connects the inner wall skeleton, the outer wall skeleton, the concrete panel and the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer as a whole;
  • the inner wall skeleton and the outer wall skeleton are composed of a fixed frame and a plurality of T-shaped steels, and upper and lower ends of the fixing frame are respectively disposed on the upper ring beam and the lower ring beam, and the ⁇ -shaped steel is vertically disposed in the fixed frame, and Separating the fixing frame into a plurality of rows of card slots, and the concrete panel is embedded in the card slot;
  • the ⁇ -shaped steel is composed of a wing plate and a web, the web extends into the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer, and is connected with the support bar, the wing plate is disposed outside the concrete panel, and is wrapped in the smear mortar layer, the wing The panel presses the concrete panel against the lightweight foam concrete insulation.
  • the distance between the two support bars adjacent in the vertical direction is 600 mm - 800 mm.
  • the fixed frame is composed of four angle steels, and the four angle steels are connected end to end to form a square frame structure.
  • the horizontal angle steel is fixed on the upper and lower ring beams, and the vertical angle steel is fixed on the load-bearing column of the building, and the upper and lower ends of the T-shaped steel They are fixed on horizontally set angles.
  • the outer wall skeleton and the outer wall body are disposed outside the load-bearing column of the building, and the distance between the outer wall body and the load-bearing column is 10 - 75 mm.
  • the construction method of the light insulation building wall includes the following steps: Step 1: Firstly, set the angle steel along the inner and outer edges of the ring beam on the building; then set the angle steel on the upper end surface of the lower ring beam of the building, and the position is corresponding to the angle steel of the upper ring beam; Step 2: Between the upper ring beam and the lower ring beam, the T-shaped steel perpendicular to the ground is respectively disposed along the inner edge and the outer edge of the ring beam, and the two ends of the T-shaped steel are welded with the angle steel, and the web of the T-shaped steel faces the ring beam.
  • Step 3 Between the inner wall skeleton and the T-shaped steel which is oppositely arranged in the outer wall skeleton, a support bar is arranged every 600 cents in the vertical direction, and the support bar is fixedly connected with the web of the T-shaped steel.
  • the strip connects the inner wall skeleton and the outer wall skeleton into one unit;
  • Step 4 Put a concrete panel in the inner wall skeleton and the adjacent T-shaped steel frame in the outer wall skeleton, and use cement mortar to bond; when setting the concrete panel, first in the inner wall skeleton and the outer wall skeleton Positioning a concrete panel separately, and attaching one side of the concrete panel to the wing of the T-shaped steel, and then supporting it with the support rod between the opposite two concrete panels;
  • Step 5 Set the concrete panel one by one according to the method of step four, so as to fill the inner wall skeleton and the outer wall skeleton, and reserve a pouring port between the concrete panel and the upper ring beam;
  • Step 6 pour the mixed foam concrete pouring material into the cavity between the inner wall skeleton and the outer wall skeleton from the reserved pouring port until it is filled, and form a light foam after drying for 12-24 hours. Concrete insulation layer, and then fill the reserved sprue with a foam concrete filling block;
  • Step 7 A plastering mortar layer is respectively disposed on the inner surface and the outer surface of the wall.
  • the width of the sprue is 100-200 ⁇ .
  • the foamed concrete pouring material is composed of cement, fly ash, foaming agent and water, and the casting material per cubic meter contains 168-360 kg of cement, 0-144 kg of fly ash, and 0.25-0.32 kg of foaming. Agent and 140-198kg water.
  • the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer between the inner wall skeleton and the outer wall skeleton functions as thermal insulation.
  • the role of the concrete slab is to protect the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer.
  • the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer is covered with a concrete panel like a protective armor to enhance the surface strength of the wall.
  • the service life is better than the existing insulation.
  • Wall. One side of the concrete panel is pressed by the wing of the T-shaped steel in the skeleton, and the other side is supported by the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer. Therefore, after the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer is cast, the concrete panel is sandwiched between the lightweight foam. Between the concrete insulation layer and the T-shaped steel wing to prevent it from falling off.
  • the inner wall skeleton and the T-shaped steel in the outer wall skeleton are connected by a support bar, which serves to tighten the inner wall skeleton and the outer wall skeleton.
  • the cast lightweight foam concrete insulation layer pushes the concrete panel outward, and the concrete panel generates outward thrust to the ⁇ -shaped steel wing, and the support bar of the ⁇ -shaped steel connecting the inner and outer wall skeleton generates an inward pulling force, thrust and tensile force.
  • the balance ensures the overall stability of the wall structure and effectively increases the strength of the building wall.
  • the number and size of the ⁇ -shaped steels can be set according to actual needs, which can meet the installation of different sizes of concrete panels to meet the needs of different occasions. .
  • This type of installation does not require the use of screws or other fixed concrete panels for quick and easy installation.
  • cement mortar can be used for bonding, which can play a role of auxiliary fixation and seal, so that the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer is completely isolated from the outside world and under the protection of concrete panels. .
  • the thermal insulation wall of the technical scheme has the advantages of low cost, small self-weight but high strength and long service life; low heat transfer coefficient, greatly improved thermal insulation effect compared with the existing thermal insulation wall, remarkable energy saving effect, superior use performance and no pollution of building materials.
  • the wall has an average bulk density of 550kg/m 3 , a wall surface strength of 20 MPa, a heat transfer coefficient of 0.30 W/(m 2 ⁇ ⁇ ), and can be used for the same life as the building body without burning, without any secondary pollution.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wall structure in the present technical solution.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection manner of the T-shaped steel in the inner wall skeleton and the outer wall skeleton of the technical solution.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic horizontal sectional view of the wall in the technical solution.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the concrete panel in the card slot in the technical solution.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a wall according to an embodiment of the present technical solution.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the construction mode of the concrete panel in the technical solution.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the reserved concrete slab at the reserved opening of the window in the technical solution.
  • a lightweight thermal insulation building wall is disposed between an upper ring beam and a lower ring beam of a building, and the wall body has a multi-layer structure, including The inner wall skeleton 1, the outer wall skeleton 2, the inner wall body, the outer wall body, and the plastering mortar layer 7 provided on the inner and outer wall surfaces.
  • the inner wall and the outer wall are two-layer concrete panels 4 symmetrically arranged, and the two concrete panels 4 are respectively disposed on the inner wall skeleton 1 and the outer wall skeleton 2.
  • the two-layer concrete panel 4 is composed of a plurality of concrete panels 4.
  • a lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3 is arranged between the two layers of concrete panels 4 arranged symmetrically, and the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3 serves as a heat insulation function.
  • a plurality of support bars 6 are arranged in the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3, and two ends of the support bars 6 are respectively connected with the inner wall skeleton 1 and the outer wall skeleton 2; the support bars 6 will The inner wall skeleton 1, the outer wall skeleton 2, the concrete panel 4 and the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3 are connected as a whole.
  • the inner wall skeleton 1 and the outer wall skeleton 2 are both composed of a fixed frame 16 and a plurality of T-shaped steels 5.
  • the fixing frame 16 mainly comprises two angle steels horizontally disposed on the upper ring beam 9 and the lower ring beam 10, and the angle steel 8 is disposed along the extending direction of the ring beam.
  • the fixing frame 16 is an outer frame of the skeleton, and the upper and lower ends thereof are respectively fixed on the upper and lower ring beams.
  • the T-shaped steel 5 is vertically disposed in the fixed frame 16.
  • the T-shaped steel 5 can be fixed by bolting or by welding.
  • the upper and lower ends of the T-shaped steel 5 are fixed to the angle steel 8 by welding.
  • the fixing frame 16 can also be composed of four angle steels.
  • the four angle steels are connected end to end to form a square frame structure.
  • the horizontal angle steel is fixed on the upper and lower ring beams, and the vertical angle steel is fixed on the load-bearing column 1 1 of the building, and the T-shaped steel 5
  • the upper and lower ends are respectively fixed on the horizontally disposed angle steel 8.
  • the T-shaped steel 5 used is a long-shaped conventional construction steel material composed of a wing plate 502 and a web 501, which is generally called a T-shaped steel because of its T-shaped cross section.
  • the wing plate 502 and the web 501 of the T-shaped steel 5 are two elongated steel plates, and the two steel plates are perpendicular to each other.
  • the two steel plates are usually integrated.
  • One of the steel plates is connected to the other steel plate, and the two ends are spread out to the sides like a wing, so it is called a wing plate 502.
  • Another steel plate perpendicular to the wing is referred to as web 501.
  • the angle steel 8 used is also a long strip of commonly used construction steel. Since the two sides of the cross section are perpendicular to each other, it is usually called angle steel.
  • the T-shaped steel 5 provided in the fixed frame 16 divides the fixed frame 16 into a plurality of rows of slots for mounting the concrete panel 4.
  • the concrete panel 4 is embedded in the card slot.
  • the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3 is cast between the inner wall skeleton 1 and the outer wall skeleton 2 after the inner wall skeleton 1, the outer wall skeleton 2 and the concrete panel 4 are disposed.
  • the web 501 of the T-shaped steel 5 after casting is extended into the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3, T-shaped steel
  • the flap 502 of 5 is disposed outside the concrete panel 4 and wrapped in the plastering mortar layer 7.
  • the wing plate 502 of the ⁇ -shaped steel 5 is parallel to the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3.
  • the concrete panel 4 is sandwiched between the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3 and the wing plate 502 of the ⁇ -shaped steel 5. Due to the pushing action of the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3 after casting, one side of the concrete panel 4 is attached to the lightweight The foam concrete insulation layer 3 is attached to the other side of the slab steel 502. The concrete panel 4 is pressed against the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3 by the flaps 502 of the ⁇ -shaped steel 5.
  • a plurality of supports can be used to securely connect the inner wall skeleton 1 and the stencil steel 5 in the outer wall skeleton 2, and the two ends of the support strip 6 are respectively combined with the inner wall skeleton 1 and the outer wall skeleton.
  • the webs 501 of the ⁇ -shaped steel 5 in 2 are joined to integrally connect the inner wall skeleton 1 and the outer wall skeleton 2. After pouring the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3, the support strips 6 are buried in the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3.
  • the pushing action of the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3 produces an outward thrust on the ⁇ -shaped steel 5, and the tensioning action of the support bar 6 produces an inward pulling force on the ⁇ -shaped steel 5, and the balance between the thrust and the pulling force ensures the wall Overall stability.
  • a plurality of support bars 6 are provided between the two opposite ⁇ -shaped steels 5 for connection, so that the tensile force can be dispersed to avoid excessive local stress, thereby preventing breakage caused by insufficient joint strength.
  • the distance between the two support bars 6 adjacent in the vertical direction may be set to 600 mm - 800. The more preferred distance is 650 mm - 750 mm.
  • the inner and outer surfaces are also provided with a matte mortar layer 7 for decoration.
  • the wing plate 502 of the T-shaped steel 5 is wrapped in the plastering mortar layer 7 to support the plastering mortar layer 7, thereby improving the plastering mortar layer 7 and the wall surface.
  • the outer side of the wall can be level with the outer edge of the building load-bearing column.
  • the outer wall skeleton 2 and the outer wall body may be disposed on the side of the load-bearing column 11 of the building, and the distance between the outer wall body and the load-bearing column 11 is 10 - 75 mm, the outer wall body and A lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3 between the inner walls encloses the load-bearing column 11 therein.
  • the outer edge of the ring beam protrudes from the load-bearing column to support the wall.
  • the lightweight insulated building wall of the technical solution can be constructed by the following method, and the construction method comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 First, set the angle steel along the inner and outer edges of the ring beam 9 on the building; then set the angle steel on the upper end surface of the lower ring beam 10 of the building, and set the position and the angle steel of the upper ring beam 9. Corresponding; in this step, the angle steels disposed along the inner and outer edges of the ring beam are respectively used to fix the stencil steel 5 in the inner wall skeleton 1 and the outer wall skeleton 2;
  • Step 2 Between the upper ring beam 9 and the lower ring beam 10, a ⁇ -shaped steel 5 perpendicular to the ground is respectively arranged along the inner edge and the outer edge of the ring beam, and both ends of the ⁇ -shaped steel 5 are welded with the angle steel 8;
  • the web 501 faces the center line of the ring beam, that is, the ⁇ -shaped steel in the inner wall skeleton 1 and the ⁇ -shaped steel web in the outer wall frame 2 are oppositely disposed.
  • the inner wall skeleton 1 is formed by the ⁇ -shaped steel and the angle steel disposed along the inner edge of the ring beam
  • the outer wall skeleton 2 is formed by the ⁇ -shaped steel and the angle steel disposed along the outer edge of the ring beam
  • the ⁇ -shaped steel in the inner wall skeleton 1 is opposite to the ⁇ -shaped steel in the outer wall skeleton 2 Setting
  • Step 3 between the inner wall frame 1 and the outer wall frame 2, a support bar 6 is arranged at a certain distance in the vertical direction, and the support bar 6 is fixedly connected with the web 501 of the filed steel 5,
  • the inner wall skeleton 1 and the outer wall skeleton 2 are connected together by a support bar 6; the number of the support bars 6 can be set as needed, and usually a support bar 6 can be arranged every 600 mm - 800 mm in the vertical direction, preferably a support bar 6 is provided every 650mm - 750mm;
  • Step 4 A concrete panel 4 is disposed in the card slot formed by the inner wall skeleton 1 and the adjacent T-shaped steel 5 in the outer wall skeleton 2, and one side of the concrete panel 4 is attached to the wing of the T-shaped steel 5 when the concrete panel 4 is installed
  • the plate 502 is bonded with cement mortar; in order to fix the concrete panel 4, it does not fall off before pouring the foam concrete pouring material, and the support rod 14 can be used for supporting and fixing, but it is not limited to this fixing method, and may also be adopted. Other ways are fixed.
  • support rod 14 Supported by support rod 14
  • the specific method of fixing is: when the concrete panel 4 is set, a concrete panel 4 is respectively disposed at an opposite position in the inner wall skeleton 1 and the outer wall skeleton 2, and then the support rod 14 is used between the opposite two concrete panels 4. Supporting; after supporting, install the next pair of concrete panels;
  • Step 5 Set the concrete panel 4 one by one according to the method of step four, so as to fill the inner wall skeleton 1 and the outer wall skeleton 2.
  • the concrete panel 4 In order to facilitate the pouring of the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3, when installing the concrete panel 4, it is necessary to reserve a sprue 12 between the uppermost concrete panel 4 and the upper ring beam 9, and the width of the sprue 12 is 100-200 mm. ;
  • Step 6 pour the mixed foam concrete pouring material into the cavity between the inner wall skeleton 1 and the outer wall skeleton 2 from the reserved pouring port 12 until the filling is completed, and the drying is formed after 12-24 hours.
  • the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3 is then filled with the reserved sprue 12 with a foam concrete fill block 13.
  • the material of the foam concrete filling block 13 is the same as that of the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3. At this point, the construction of the main structure of the wall is completed.
  • the foam concrete pouring material for pouring the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer 3 is a lightweight heat insulating material, and has a dry bulk density of 200-400 kg/m 3 . Since the foaming agent is added to the concrete castable, after fully mixing and foaming, it is formed by casting, and a large number of closed pores are formed in the formed concrete layer, thereby reducing the weight per unit volume and having good heat preservation performance. .
  • the composition of the foam concrete castables can be used in the composition ratios currently used in buildings.
  • a foam concrete pouring material composed of cement, fly ash, a foaming agent and water
  • the casting material per cubic meter contains 168-360 kg of cement, 0-144 kg of fly ash, and 0.25-0.32 kg of hair.
  • the amount of each component can be adjusted as needed to formulate foam concrete pouring materials with different bulk density, so as to adapt to different wall weight requirements and thermal insulation performance requirements.
  • the fixing frame 16 can be welded to the steel heads reserved for the load-bearing column 11, the upper ring beam 9, and the lower ring beam 10.
  • the expansion bolts may be installed on the load-bearing column 11, the upper ring beam 9 and the lower ring beam 10 at positions where the fixing frame 16 is required to be replaced. Steel head.
  • the expansion bolts first drill holes, grout cement mortar, and then insert expansion bolts and tighten.
  • the window 15 or the door opening is designed on the wall
  • the T-shaped steel 5 is welded on the inner wall skeleton 1 and the outer wall skeleton 2
  • the window 15 of the design is reserved with a window reserved hole of 40 inches larger than the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the window; a gate of 40 inches larger than the horizontal size of the door and 20 inches larger in the vertical direction is reserved at the designed doorway position. If there is a water and electric control cabinet, reserve a 40-inch water and electric control cabinet installation port at the corresponding position in the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the water and electric control cabinet.
  • Each reserved port is surrounded by reserved angle steel; the upper and lower sides of the frame of each reserved port are respectively connected to the angle steel 8 on the upper ring beam 9 and the lower ring beam 10 through the T-shaped steel 5 .
  • the reserved angle steel on both sides of the door reserved port is directly welded to the angle steel 8 on the upper end surface of the lower ring beam 10.
  • Figure 5 shows how the reserved window is set up.
  • the reserved openings are also installed in the frame surrounded by the reserved angle steel 18, and the reserved concrete slab 17 and the inner and outer sides of the wall are reserved.
  • the concrete panel 4 is bonded by cement mortar.
  • the reserved concrete slab 17 is the same material as the concrete slab 5 .
  • the concrete panel is made of cement, sand, stone and water mixed and then machine molded, vibrated, demoulded and cured.
  • the weight percentage of each raw material is: cement 20-25%, sand 20-25%, stone 30- 40%, water is 10-30%.
  • a reserved angle steel is arranged at the outer edge of the window reserved hole and the water and electric control cabinet installation port; the casing for the wire is buried in the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer.
  • the power switch (socket) is designed, the pre-drilled hole is set on the concrete panel inside the wall, the inner switch of the power switch (socket) is embedded in the concrete panel, and the power switch (socket) cover passes the self-tapping screw and the power switch. (Socket) The inner box is connected.
  • the inner wall skeleton, the outer wall skeleton, the concrete panel and the lightweight foam concrete insulation layer of the entire building floor can be completely integrated after the construction according to the above embodiment.
  • the mortar layer 7 is set and then painted on the wall surface for decoration.
  • the outer wall can be level with the outer edge of the building load-bearing column, and the finished wall is sandwiched between two load-bearing columns. between. If the insulation effect of the wall is high, in the construction of the building, the outer edge of the building ring beam protrudes from the load-bearing column, and the outer wall body disposed along the outer edge of the ring beam is on the outer side of the load-bearing column, after pouring the foam concrete pouring material The lightweight foam concrete insulation layer encloses the load-bearing column to increase the insulation effect.
  • the thermal resistance coefficient of the wall is 2. 788 m 2 K/W, and the heat transfer coefficient is 0. 360 W.
  • the wall has a total heat resistance of 2. 788 m 2 K/W and a wall thickness of 550 kg/m 3 and a wall thickness of 200 mm. / (m 2 K), and the wall has a compressive strength of 20 MPa; when the wall has a bulk density of 538 kg/m 3 and the wall thickness is 220 mm, the total thermal resistance of the wall is 3. 038 m 2 K/W, The heat transfer coefficient is 0.
  • the compressive strength of the wall is 20 MPa; when the bulk density of the wall is 528 kg/m 3 and the thickness of the wall is 240 mm, the total thermal resistance of the wall is 3 288 m 2 K/W, the heat transfer coefficient is 0. 304 W/ (m 2 K), and the compressive strength of the wall is 20 MPa; the wall bulk density is 524 kg/m ⁇ the wall thickness is 250 ⁇ , the total thermal resistance of the wall is 3. 413 m 2 K/W, the heat transfer coefficient is 0. 293W / (m 2 K) and the compressive strength of the wall is 20 MPa.

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Description

一种轻型保温建筑墙体及其施工方法 技术领域 本发明涉及一种建筑墙体， 具体的说是属一种轻型保温建筑墙体及其施 工方法。 背景技术 节能减少污染排放， 实现低碳经济是世界经济发展的必然趋势， 其中建 筑节能是非常重要的一个方面。 建筑节能又以外墙及屋面保温为关键， 然而 目前正在使用或推广的外墙保温技术有： ①外敷泡沬塑料板； ②用泡沬塑料 板做外墙夹心； ③借助特种添加剂把聚苯颗粒或玻璃微珠与水泥制成浆料外 敷外墙体；④以容重为（700〜1200) kg/m3泡沬混凝土整体浇注外墙体。其中前 三种的墙体均存在不同程度的缺点， 墙整体容重大、 外墙面抗压强度低， 使 用寿命低均不能与建筑物本体的使用寿命相一致。 在发生火灾时会产生大量 有毒物质及黑烟， 使人员极易吸入浓烟而难以逃生， 破坏环境并可能持久地 危害人体健康， 污染环境。 泡沬混凝土整体浇注外墙体， 虽然墙体总容重有 所减小、 无二次污染， 但存在易开裂吸水使保温性能降低以及粉饰砂浆易脱 落等问题。 中国专利申请号为 201010543013. 5公开一种超轻超强低传热的混 凝土复合仿生墙技术， 但存在着生产成本高， 施工困难， 混凝土板受力点小 的缺点。 发明内容 本发明所要解决的是保温墙体强度不足、 墙面易开裂脱落的技术问题， 提供一种轻型保温建筑墙体及其施工方法， 该墙体具有重量轻、 强度高、 坚 固耐用的优点。 本发明为解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是： 一种轻质保温建筑墙 体， 设置在建筑的上圈梁和下圈梁之间， 墙体为多层结构， 包括内墙骨架、 外墙骨架、 内墙体、 外墙体和内外墙体表面上设置的抹面砂浆层， 内墙体和 外墙体为对称设置的两层混凝土面板， 两层混凝土面板分别设置在内墙骨架 和外墙骨架上， 在对称设置的两层混凝土面板之间设有轻质泡沬混凝土保温 层， 在轻质泡沬混凝土保温层内设有多根支撑条， 支撑条的两端分别与内墙 骨架和外墙骨架连接； 支撑条将内墙骨架、 外墙骨架、 混凝土面板和轻质泡 沬混凝土保温层连接为一个整体；
所述的内墙骨架和外墙骨架均由固定框和多根 T型钢组成， 固定框的上 下两端分别设置在上圈梁和下圈梁上， τ型钢竖直设置在固定框内，并将固定 框分隔为多列卡槽， 混凝土面板镶嵌在卡槽内；
所述的 τ型钢由翼板和腹板构成，腹板延伸至轻质泡沬混凝土保温层内， 并与支撑条连接， 翼板设置在混凝土面板的外部， 并包裹在抹面砂浆层中， 翼板将混凝土面板压在轻质泡沬混凝土保温层上。
在垂直方向上相邻的两根支撑条之间的距离为 600 mm - 800 mm。
所述的固定框由四根角钢构成， 四根角钢首尾相连构成方形框架结构， 水平设置的角钢固定在上下圈梁上， 垂直设置的角钢固定在建筑的承重柱上， T型钢的上下两端分别固定在水平设置的角钢上。
所述的外墙骨架和外墙体设置在建筑的承重柱外侧， 外墙体与承重柱之 间的距离为 10— 75mm。
轻型保温建筑墙体的施工方法包括如下步骤： 步骤一、 先在建筑物上圈梁的下端面， 沿其内沿和外沿分别设置角钢； 然后在建筑物下圈梁的上端面设置角钢， 设置的位置与上圈梁的角钢相对应; 步骤二、 在上圈梁和下圈梁之间， 沿圈梁的内沿和外沿分别设置垂直于 地面的 T型钢， T型钢的两端与角钢焊接， T型钢的腹板朝向圈梁的中心线； 沿圈梁内沿设置的 τ型钢和角钢构成内墙骨架， 沿圈梁外沿设置的 T型钢和 角钢构成外墙骨架， 内墙骨架中的 τ型钢与外墙骨架中的 T型钢相对设置； 步骤三、 在内墙骨架和外墙骨架中相对设置的 T型钢之间， 沿垂直方向 每隔 600皿一 800匪设置一根支撑条， 支撑条与 T型钢的腹板固定连接， 用支 撑条将内墙骨架和外墙骨架连接成一个整体；
步骤四、 在内墙骨架以及外墙骨架中相邻的 T型钢构成的卡槽内设置混 凝土面板， 并用水泥砂浆进行粘接； 在设置混凝土面板时， 先在内墙骨架和 外墙骨架中相对的位置分别设置一块混凝土面板， 并且使混凝土面板的一个 面贴在 T型钢的翼板上， 然后在相对的两块混凝土面板之间用支撑杆进行支 撑；
步骤五、 按照步骤四的方法依次逐块设置混凝土面板， 使其布满内墙骨 架和外墙骨架， 并在混凝土面板与上圈梁之间预留浇注口；
步骤六、 将拌合好的泡沬混凝土浇注料从预留的浇注口灌入内墙骨架与 外墙骨架之间的空腔内， 直至灌满为止， 干燥 12— 24小时后形成轻质泡沬混 凝土保温层， 然后用泡沬混凝土填充块填充预留的浇注口；
步骤七、 在墙体的内表面和外表面分别设置抹面砂浆层。
所述浇注口的宽度为 100— 200匪。
所述的泡沬混凝土浇注料由水泥、 粉煤灰、 发泡剂和水组成， 每立方米 的浇注料含有 168— 360kg水泥、 0— 144kg粉煤灰、 0. 25—0. 32kg发泡剂和 140— 198kg水。
本发明的有益效果是： 内墙骨架和外墙骨架之间的轻质泡沬混凝土保温 层起到保温隔热的作用。 混凝土面板的作用是保护轻质泡沬混凝土保温层， 在轻质泡沬混凝土保温层外覆盖有犹如保护装甲般的混凝土面板， 起到增强 墙体表面强度的作用， 使用寿命优于现有保温墙体。 混凝土面板的一个面被 骨架中 T型钢的翼板压紧， 另一面由轻质泡沬混凝土保温层支撑， 因此， 轻 质泡沬混凝土保温层浇注成型后， 混凝土面板被夹在轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 与 T型钢的翼板之间， 从而防止其脱落。 内墙骨架和外墙骨架中的 T型钢通 过支撑条连接， 支撑条起到将内墙骨架和外墙骨架拉紧的作用。 浇注的轻质 泡沬混凝土保温层向外推混凝土面板， 混凝土面板又对 τ型钢的翼板产生向 外的推力， 连接内外墙骨架中 τ型钢的支撑条产生向内的拉力， 推力和拉力 的平衡保证了墙体结构的整体稳定性， 有效的提高了建筑墙体的强度。 另外， 采用在两根相邻的 τ型钢形成的卡槽内镶嵌混凝土面板的设置方式， 可以根 据实际需要设置 τ型钢的数量以及尺寸， 能够满足不同大小混凝土面板的安 装， 以适应不同场合的需要。 这种设置方式不需要使用螺钉等固定混凝土面 板， 安装快速、 方便。 在安装混凝土面板时可以采用水泥砂浆进行粘接， 在 起到辅助固定作用的同时， 又能起到密封作用， 使轻质泡沬混凝土保温层完 全与外界隔绝， 并处于混凝土面板的保护之下。
本技术方案的保温墙体造价低廉、 自重小但强度高， 使用寿命长； 传热 系数低， 保温效果较现有保温墙体大幅度提高， 节能效果显著， 使用性能优 越， 建筑材料无污染。 该墙体平均容重 550kg/m3、 墙表面强度 20MPa、 传 热系数 0. 360W/ (m2 · Κ)， 并且能与建筑物本体同寿命、 不燃烧， 无任何二次 污染。 附图说明 图 1是本技术方案中墙体结构的示意图。
图 2是本技术方案内墙骨架和外墙骨架中 T型钢的连接方式示意图。 图 3是本技术方案中墙体的水平断面示意图。
图 4是本技术方案中混凝土面板在卡槽内的设置方式示意图。
图 5是本技术方案中一种实施方式的墙体平面示意图。
图 6是本技术方案中混凝土面板的施工方式示意图。
图 7是本技术方案中窗口预留口处预留口混凝土板的设置方式示意图。 图中标记： 1、 内墙骨架， 2、 外墙骨架， 3、 轻质泡沬混凝土保温层， 4、 混凝土面板， 5、 T型钢， 501、 腹板， 502、 翼板， 6、 支撑条， 7、 抹面砂浆 层， 8、 角钢， 9、 上圈梁， 10、 下圈梁， 11、 承重柱， 12、 浇注口， 13、 泡 沬混凝土填充块， 14、 支撑杆， 15、 窗口， 16、 固定框， 17、 预留口混凝土 板， 18、 预留口角钢。 具体实施方式 结合附图说明本技术方案的实施方式： 如图 1 所示， 一种轻质保温建筑 墙体设置在建筑的上圈梁和下圈梁之间， 墙体为多层结构， 包括内墙骨架 1、 外墙骨架 2、 内墙体、 外墙体和内外墙体表面上设置的抹面砂浆层 7。 内墙体 和外墙体为对称设置的两层混凝土面板 4，两层混凝土面板 4分别设置在内墙 骨架 1和外墙骨架 2上。 两层混凝土面板 4均有多块混凝土面板 4构成。 在 对称设置的两层混凝土面板 4之间设有轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 3，轻质泡沬混 凝土保温层 3起到保温隔热的作用。 在轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 3 内设有多根 支撑条 6， 支撑条 6的两端分别与内墙骨架 1和外墙骨架 2连接； 支撑条 6将 内墙骨架 1、 外墙骨架 2、 混凝土面板 4和轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 3连接为一 个整体。
如图 1、 图 2、 图 5所示， 所述的内墙骨架 1和外墙骨架 2均由固定框 16 和多根 T型钢 5组成。固定框 16主要包括两根水平设置在上圈梁 9和下圈梁 10上的角钢 8，角钢 8沿圈梁的延伸方向设置。固定框 16作为骨架的外框架， 其上下两端分别固定在上下圈梁上。 T型钢 5竖直设置在固定框 16内。 T型 钢 5 的固定方式可以是螺栓固定， 也可以是焊接固定。 在附图的实施例中采 用焊接方式将 T型钢 5的上下两端固定在角钢 8上。固定框 16也可以由四根 角钢构成， 四根角钢首尾相连构成方形框架结构， 水平设置的角钢固定在上 下圈梁上， 垂直设置的角钢固定在建筑的承重柱 1 1上， T型钢 5的上下两端 分别固定在水平设置的角钢 8上。
在本技术方案中， 所用的 T型钢 5是一种长条形的常用建筑钢材， 由翼 板 502和腹板 501构成， 由于具有 T字形的横断面， 通常被称为 T型钢。 T 型钢 5的翼板 502和腹板 501为两块长条形的钢板， 两块钢板相互垂直。 两 块钢板通常是融为一体的。 其中一块钢板的中部与另一块钢板连接， 两端则 像机翼一样向两侧展开， 因此称为翼板 502。垂直于翼板的另一块钢板则称为 腹板 501。所用的角钢 8也是一种长条形的常用建筑钢材， 由于其横断面中两 边相互垂直成角， 通常称为角钢。
如图 4、 图 5所示， 在内墙骨架 1和外墙骨架 2中， 设置在固定框 16内 的 T型钢 5将固定框 16分割成多列用于安装混凝土面板 4的卡槽。 混凝土面 板 4镶嵌在卡槽内。轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 3是在设置好内墙骨架 1、外墙骨 架 2和混凝土面板 4后， 在内墙骨架 1和外墙骨架 2之间浇注成型的。如图 3 所示， 浇注后 T型钢 5的腹板 501延伸至轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 3内， T型钢 5的翼板 502设置在混凝土面板 4的外部， 并包裹在抹面砂浆层 7中。 Τ型钢 5的翼板 502与轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 3平行。混凝土面板 4被夹在轻质泡沬 混凝土保温层 3与 Τ型钢 5的翼板 502之间， 由于浇注后轻质泡沬混凝土保 温层 3的推挤作用， 混凝土面板 4的一面贴在轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 3上， 另一面贴在 Τ型钢 5的翼板 502上。利用 Τ型钢 5的翼板 502将混凝土面板 4 压在轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 3 上。 为了提高墙体的整体稳定性， 可以采用多 根支撑 6条将内墙骨架 1和外墙骨架 2中的 Τ型钢 5固定连接， 支撑条 6的 两端分别与内墙骨架 1和外墙骨架 2中的 Τ型钢 5的腹板 501连接， 从而将 内墙骨架 1和外墙骨架 2连接为一体。 在浇注轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 3后， 支撑条 6被埋在轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 3内。 轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 3的推 挤作用， 产生对 Τ型钢 5向外的推力， 支撑条 6的拉紧作用产生对 Τ型钢 5 向内的拉力， 推力与拉力的平衡保证了墙体的整体稳定性。 在两根相对的 Τ 型钢 5之间设置多根支撑条 6进行连接， 能够将拉力分散开， 避免局部受力 过大， 从而防止连接强度不足而造成的断裂。 在垂直方向上相邻的两根支撑 条 6之间的距离可以设置为 600mm— 800 更优选的距离为 650mm— 750mm 通常情况下， 为了提高墙体表面的光洁度和墙体的美观， 在墙体的内表 面和外表面还分别设置抹面砂浆层 7进行装饰。 在本技术方案中， 在设置好 抹面砂浆层 7后， T型钢 5的翼板 502被包裹在抹面砂浆层 7内， 起到支撑抹 面砂浆层 7的作用， 从而提高抹面砂浆层 7与墙面的结合性。
本技术方案中， 通常情况下， 墙体的外侧可以与建筑承重柱的外缘相平。 如果对建筑的保温要求很高， 可以将外墙骨架 2和外墙体设置在建筑的承重 柱 11夕卜侧， 外墙体与承重柱 11之间的距离为 10— 75mm， 外墙体和内墙体之 间的轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 3将承重柱 11包裹在其中。 这种情况下， 在建筑 施工时， 要使圈梁的外缘凸出于承重柱， 以便支撑墙体。
本技术方案的轻型保温建筑墙体可以采用以下方法进行施工， 该施工方 法包括如下步骤：
步骤一、 先在建筑物上圈梁 9的下端面， 沿其内沿和外沿分别设置角钢； 然后在建筑物下圈梁 10的上端面设置角钢， 设置的位置与上圈梁 9的角钢相 对应； 在此步骤中， 沿圈梁内沿和外沿设置的角钢分别用于固定内墙骨架 1 和外墙骨架 2中的 Τ型钢 5;
步骤二、 在上圈梁 9和下圈梁 10之间， 沿圈梁的内沿和外沿分别设置垂 直于地面的 Τ型钢 5， Τ型钢 5的两端与角钢 8焊接； Τ型钢 5的腹板 501朝 向圈梁的中心线， 也就是说内墙骨架 1中的 Τ型钢和外墙骨架 2中的 Τ型钢 腹板相对设置。沿圈梁内沿设置的 Τ型钢和角钢构成内墙骨架 1，沿圈梁外沿 设置的 Τ型钢和角钢构成外墙骨架 2， 内墙骨架 1中的 Τ型钢与外墙骨架 2 中的 Τ型钢相对设置；
步骤三、 在内墙骨架 1和外墙骨架 2中相对设置的 Τ型钢之间， 沿垂直 方向每隔一定距离设置一根支撑条 6，支撑条 6与 Τ型钢 5的腹板 501固定连 接， 用支撑条 6将内墙骨架 1和外墙骨架 2连接成一个整体； 支撑条 6的设 置数量可以根据需要设置， 通常情况可以沿垂直方向每隔 600mm— 800mm设置 一根支撑条 6， 最好每隔 650mm— 750mm设置一根支撑条 6;
步骤四、 在内墙骨架 1以及外墙骨架 2中相邻的 T型钢 5构成的卡槽内 设置混凝土面板 4， 在设置混凝土面板 4时使混凝土面板 4的一个面贴在 T 型钢 5的翼板 502上， 并用水泥砂浆进行粘接； 为了固定混凝土面板 4， 使其 在浇注泡沬混凝土浇注料之前不会脱落， 可以采用支撑杆 14进行支撑固定， 但是不限于此固定方法， 也可以采用其它方式固定。 采用支撑杆 14进行支撑 固定的具体方法为： 在设置混凝土面板 4时， 先在内墙骨架 1和外墙骨架 2 中相对的位置分别设置一块混凝土面板 4，然后在相对的两块混凝土面板 4之 间用支撑杆 14进行支撑； 支撑好后再进行下一对混凝土面板的安装；
步骤五、按照步骤四的方法依次逐块设置混凝土面板 4， 使其布满内墙骨 架 1和外墙骨架 2。为了便于轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 3的浇注， 在安装混凝土 面板 4时， 需要在最上层的混凝土面板 4与上圈梁 9之间预留浇注口 12， 浇 注口 12的宽度为 100— 200mm;
步骤六、 将拌合好的泡沬混凝土浇注料从预留的浇注口 12灌入内墙骨架 1与外墙骨架 2之间的空腔内， 直至灌满为止， 干燥 12— 24小时后形成轻质 泡沬混凝土保温层 3， 然后用泡沬混凝土填充块 13填充预留的浇注口 12。 泡 沬混凝土填充块 13的材料与轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 3的材料相同。 至此， 即 完成墙体主体结构的施工。
为了提高墙体表面的光洁度和美观， 在用泡沬混凝土填充块 13填充预留 的浇注口 12后， 还需要在墙体的内表面和外表面分别设置抹面砂浆层 7。
在本技术方案中， 浇注轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 3用的泡沬混凝土浇注料 是一种轻质保温材料， 其干容重为 200— 400kg/m3。 由于在混凝土浇注料中加 入了发泡剂， 在充分混合发泡后， 采用浇注的方式成型， 在形成的混凝土层 内形成大量封闭气孔， 从而降低了单位体积的重量， 并且具有良好的保温性 能。 泡沬混凝土浇注料的成分可以采用目前建筑中比较常用的组成配比。 例 如可以采用由水泥、 粉煤灰、 发泡剂和水组成的泡沬混凝土浇注料， 每立方 米的浇注料含有 168— 360kg水泥、 0— 144kg粉煤灰、 0. 25—0. 32kg发泡剂 和 140— 198kg水。 可以根据需要调整各成分的加入量， 以配制出不同容重的 泡沬混凝土浇注料， 从而适应不同墙体重量需求和保温性能需求的场合。 在墙体施工时， 固定框 16可以焊接在承重柱 11、 上圈梁 9和下圈梁 10 预留的钢筋头上。如果承重柱 11、 上圈梁 9和下圈梁 10没有预留钢筋头， 则 可以在承重柱 11、 上圈梁 9和下圈梁 10上需要安装固定框 16的位置安装膨 胀螺栓代替预留钢筋头。 膨胀螺栓安装时应先钻孔、 灌水泥砂浆， 而后插入 膨胀螺栓、 紧固。
在上述技术方案的中， 焊接内墙骨架 1和外墙骨架 2时， 如果墙体上设 计有窗口 15或门口， 那么在内墙骨架 1和外墙骨架 2上焊接 T型钢 5时， 应 在设计的窗口 15位置预留一个比窗口水平和垂直方向尺寸各大 40匪的窗口 预留孔； 在设计的门口位置预留一个比门口水平尺寸大 40匪、 垂直方向尺寸 大 20匪的门预留口； 如设计有水电气控制柜， 在相应位置预留一个比水电气 控制柜水平和垂直方向尺寸各大 40匪水电气控制柜安装口。 各预留口由预留 口角钢围成； 各预留口的框架上下两边分别通过 T型钢 5与上圈梁 9和下圈 梁 10上的角钢 8连接。 另外， 由于门预留口不设底边， 因此门预留口两侧的 预留口角钢直接焊接在下圈梁 10上端面的角钢 8上。 图 5为预留窗口的设置 方式。
如图 7所示， 在安装混凝土面板时， 各预留口处也要在预留口角钢 18围 成的框架内安装预留口混凝土板 17，预留口混凝土板 17与墙体内侧和外侧的 混凝土面板 4通过水泥砂浆粘接。 预留口混凝土板 17与混凝土面板 5材料相 同。 例如， 混凝土面板由水泥、 沙子、 石子和水混合后经机器模压、 振捣、 脱模、 养护制成， 各原料的重量百分比为： 水泥 20— 25%, 沙子 20— 25%, 石 子 30— 40%, 水为 10— 30%。
墙体设计有窗口和水电气控制柜时， 在窗口预留孔、 水电气控制柜安装 口外缘设有预留口角钢； 走线用的套管埋设在轻质泡沬混凝土保温层内。 墙 体设计有电源开关 （插座） 时， 在墙体内侧的混凝土面板上设置预钻孔， 电 源开关 （插座） 内盒镶嵌在混凝土面板内， 电源开关 （插座） 盒盖通过自攻 螺丝与电源开关 （插座） 内盒连接。
在进行整栋楼房的墙体施工时， 可以在按照上述实施例的方法完成整个 建筑楼层的内墙骨架、 外墙骨架、 混凝土面板和轻质泡沬混凝土保温层的施 工后， 整体统一进行抹面砂浆层 7 的设置， 然后在墙体表面喷刷涂料进行装 饰。
本技术方案中， 如果对墙体的保温效果要求不高， 在墙体在施工时， 可 以使外墙体与建筑承重柱的外缘相平， 制成的墙体夹在两个承重柱之间。 如 果对墙体的保温效果要求较高， 在建筑施工时， 使建筑圈梁的外缘凸出于承 重柱， 沿圈梁外缘设置的外墙体处于承重柱的外侧， 浇注泡沬混凝土浇注料 后， 轻质泡沬混凝土保温层将承重柱包裹在其中， 增加保温效果。
本技术方案墙体的理化指标， 墙体容重为 550 kg/m3、 墙体厚度为 200mm时， 墙体总热阻为 2. 788 m2K/W, 其传热系数为 0. 360 W/ (m2K) , 而墙面的抗压强 度为 20 MPa; 墙体容重为 538 kg/m3、 墙体厚度为 220mm时， 墙体总热阻为 3. 038 m2K/W, 其传热系数为 0. 329W/ (m2K)， 而墙面的抗压强度为 20 MPa; 墙 体容重为 528 kg/m3、 墙体厚度为 240mm时， 墙体总热阻为 3. 288 m2K/W, 其 传热系数为 0. 304 W/ (m2K) , 而墙面的抗压强度为 20 MPa;， 墙体容重为 524 kg/m\ 墙体厚度为 250匪 时， 墙体总热阻为 3. 413 m2K/W , 其传热系数为 0. 293W/ (m2K)而墙面的抗压强度为 20 MPa。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种轻质保温建筑墙体， 设置在建筑的上圈梁 （9) 和下圈梁 （10) 之间， 墙体为多层结构， 包括内墙骨架 （1)、 外墙骨架 （2)、 内墙体、 外墙 体和内外墙体表面上设置的抹面砂浆层 （7)， 其特征在于： 内墙体和外墙体 为对称设置的两层混凝土面板 （4)， 两层混凝土面板 （4) 分别设置在内墙骨 架 （1) 和外墙骨架 （2) 上， 在对称设置的两层混凝土面板 （4) 之间设有轻 质泡沬混凝土保温层 （3)， 在轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 （3) 内设有多根支撑条
(6)， 支撑条 （6) 的两端分别与内墙骨架 （1) 和外墙骨架 （2) 连接； 支撑 条 （6) 将内墙骨架 （1)、 外墙骨架 （2)、 混凝土面板 （4) 和轻质泡沬混凝 土保温层 （3) 连接为一个整体；
所述的内墙骨架 （1) 和外墙骨架 （2) 均由固定框 （16) 和多根 T型钢 (5) 组成， 固定框 （16) 的上下两端分别设置在上圈梁和下圈梁上， T型钢 (5) 竖直设置在固定框 （16) 内， 并将固定框 （16) 分隔为多列卡槽， 混凝 土面板 （4) 镶嵌在卡槽内；
所述的 T型钢 （5) 由翼板 （502) 和腹板 （501) 构成， 腹板 （501) 延 伸至轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 （3) 内， 并与支撑条 （6) 连接， 翼板 （502) 设 置在混凝土面板 （4) 的外部， 并包裹在抹面砂浆层 （7) 中， 翼板 （502) 将 混凝土面板 （4) 压在轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 （3) 上。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的一种轻质保温建筑墙体， 其特征在于： 在垂直方 向上相邻的两根支撑条 （6) 之间的距离为 600 mm— 800 mm。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的一种轻质保温建筑墙体， 其特征在于： 所述的固 定框 （16) 由四根角钢 （8) 构成， 四根角钢首尾相连构成方形框架结构， 水 平设置的角钢固定在上下圈梁上， 垂直设置的角钢固定在建筑的承重柱 （11) 上， T型钢 （5) 的上下两端分别固定在水平设置的角钢 （8) 上。 权利要求书
4、 如权利要求 1所述的一种轻质保温建筑墙体， 其特征在于： 所述的外 墙骨架（2)和外墙体设置在建筑的承重柱（11)外侧， 外墙体与承重柱（11) 之间的距离为 10— 75mm。
5、如权利要求 1所述的一种轻型保温建筑墙体的施工方法，其特征在于： 施工方法包括如下步骤：
步骤一、 先在建筑物上圈梁 （9) 的下端面， 沿其内沿和外沿分别设置角 钢； 然后在建筑物下圈梁（10)的上端面设置角钢， 设置的位置与上圈梁（9) 的角钢相对应；
步骤二、 在上圈梁 （9) 和下圈梁 （10) 之间， 沿圈梁的内沿和外沿分别 设置垂直于地面的 T型钢 （5)， T型钢 （5) 的两端与角钢 （8)焊接， T型钢 (5) 的腹板 （501) 朝向圈梁的中心线； 沿圈梁内沿设置的 T型钢和角钢构 成内墙骨架 （1)， 沿圈梁外沿设置的 T型钢和角钢构成外墙骨架 （2)， 内墙 骨架 （1) 中的 T型钢与外墙骨架 （2) 中的 T型钢相对设置；
步骤三、 在内墙骨架 （1) 和外墙骨架 （2) 中相对设置的 T型钢之间， 沿垂直方向每隔 600mm— 800mm设置一根支撑条 （6)， 支撑条 （6) 与 T型钢 (5) 的腹板 （501) 固定连接， 用支撑条 （6) 将内墙骨架 （1) 和外墙骨架 (2) 连接成一个整体；
步骤四、 在内墙骨架 （1) 以及外墙骨架 （2) 中相邻的 T型钢 （5) 构成 的卡槽内设置混凝土面板 （4)， 并用水泥砂浆进行粘接； 在设置混凝土面板 (4) 时， 先在内墙骨架 （1) 和外墙骨架 （2) 中相对的位置分别设置一块混 凝土面板（4)，并且使混凝土面板（4)的一个面贴在 T型钢（5)的翼板（502) 上， 然后在相对的两块混凝土面板之间用支撑杆 （14) 进行支撑；
步骤五、 按照步骤四的方法依次逐块设置混凝土面板， 使其布满内墙骨 权利要求书
架 （1) 和外墙骨架 （2)， 并在混凝土面板 （4) 与上圈梁 （9) 之间预留浇注 口 （12);
步骤六、 将拌合好的泡沬混凝土浇注料从预留的浇注口 （12) 灌入内墙 骨架 （1) 与外墙骨架 （2) 之间的空腔内， 直至灌满为止， 干燥 12— 24小时 后形成轻质泡沬混凝土保温层 （3)， 然后用泡沬混凝土填充块 （13) 填充预 留的浇注口 （12);
步骤七、 在墙体的内表面和外表面分别设置抹面砂浆层 （7)。
6、如权利要求 5所述的一种轻型保温建筑墙体的施工方法，其特征在于: 所述浇注口 （12) 的宽度为 100— 200
7、如权利要求 5所述的一种轻型保温建筑墙体的施工方法，其特征在于: 所述的泡沬混凝土浇注料由水泥、 粉煤灰、 发泡剂和水组成， 每立方米的浇 注料含有 168— 360kg水泥、 0— 144kg粉煤灰、 0.25— 0.32kg发泡剂和 140 —198kg水。
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CN103821358A (zh) * 2014-02-28 2014-05-28 中天建设集团有限公司 一种cca板轻质混凝土整体式灌浆墙施工工法
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