WO2012085408A1 - Procede de conversion de charge hydrocarbonee comprenant une huile de schiste par decontamination, hydroconversion en lit bouillonnant, et fractionnement par distillation atmospherique - Google Patents
Procede de conversion de charge hydrocarbonee comprenant une huile de schiste par decontamination, hydroconversion en lit bouillonnant, et fractionnement par distillation atmospherique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012085408A1 WO2012085408A1 PCT/FR2011/053022 FR2011053022W WO2012085408A1 WO 2012085408 A1 WO2012085408 A1 WO 2012085408A1 FR 2011053022 W FR2011053022 W FR 2011053022W WO 2012085408 A1 WO2012085408 A1 WO 2012085408A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fraction
- oil
- catalyst
- section
- hydroconversion
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
- C10G65/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
- C10G65/12—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/04—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
- C10G21/06—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents characterised by the solvent used
- C10G21/12—Organic compounds only
- C10G21/14—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
- C10G47/24—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions with moving solid particles
- C10G47/26—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions with moving solid particles suspended in the oil, e.g. slurries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
- C10G67/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
- C10G67/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including solvent extraction as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1011—Biomass
- C10G2300/1014—Biomass of vegetal origin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1011—Biomass
- C10G2300/1018—Biomass of animal origin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1033—Oil well production fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1074—Vacuum distillates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1096—Aromatics or polyaromatics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/202—Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
- C10G2300/301—Boiling range
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4006—Temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4012—Pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4018—Spatial velocity, e.g. LHSV, WHSV
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4081—Recycling aspects
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/44—Solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/02—Gasoline
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/04—Diesel oil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/06—Gasoil
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
- Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for converting hydrocarbon feedstocks comprising a shale oil into lighter products, recoverable as fuels and / or raw materials for petrochemicals. More particularly, the invention relates to a process for converting hydrocarbon feedstocks comprising a shale oil comprising a decontamination step, a step of hydroconversion of the decontaminated oil in a bubbling bed, followed by a step of fractionation by atmospheric distillation into light fraction, naphtha, gas oil and a heavier fraction than the diesel fraction, and a dedicated hydro treatment for each of the naphtha and diesel fractions.
- This process makes it possible to convert shale oils into fuel base of very good quality and aims in particular at an excellent yield.
- Oil shales are sedimentary rocks containing an insoluble organic substance called kerogen.
- kerogen an insoluble organic substance called kerogen.
- heat treatment in situ or ex situ in the English terminology in the absence of air at temperatures between 400 and 500 ° C, these schists release an oil, shale oil , whose general appearance is that of crude oil.
- shale oils can be a substitute for the latter and also a source of chemical intermediates.
- Shale oils can not be a direct substitute for crude oil applications. Indeed, although these oils in some ways resemble oil (for example by a ratio
- H / C similar
- they are distinguished by their chemical nature and by a content of metal impurities and / or nonmetallic impurities much more important, making the conversion of this unconventional resource much more complex than that of oil.
- Shale oils have higher levels of oxygen and nitrogen than oil. They may also contain higher concentrations of olefins, sulfur or metal compounds (including arsenic).
- Shale oils obtained by pyrolysis of kerogen contain many olefinic compounds resulting from cracking, which implies an additional demand for hydrogen in refining.
- the bromine index which makes it possible to calculate the concentration by weight of olefinic hydrocarbons (by addition of bromine to the ethylenic double bond), is generally greater than 30 g / 100 g of filler for shale oils, whereas it is between 1 and 5 g / 100 g of charge for the oil residues.
- the olefinic compounds resulting from cracking consist essentially of mono olefins and diolefins. The unsaturations present in the olefins are potential source of instability by polymerization and / or oxidation.
- the oxygen content is generally higher than in heavy crudes and can reach up to 8% by weight of the filler.
- Oxygen compounds are often phenols or carboxylic acids. As a result, shale oils may have marked acidity.
- the sulfur content varies between 0.1 and 6.5% by weight, requiring severe desulfurization treatments in order to reach the specifications of the fuel bases.
- the sulfur compounds are in the form of thiophenes, sulfides or disulfides.
- the distribution profile of sulfur in a shale oil may be different from that obtained in conventional oil.
- shale oils are their high nitrogen content, making them unsuitable as conventional refinery feedstock.
- the oil generally contains about 0.2% by weight of nitrogen whereas crude shale oils generally contain from about 1 to about 3% by weight or more of nitrogen.
- the nitrogen compounds present in petroleum are generally concentrated in the higher boiling ranges whereas the nitrogen of the compounds present in the oils of Raw shale is usually distributed throughout all the boiling ranges of the material.
- Nitrogen compounds in petroleum are predominantly non-basic compounds, whereas typically about half of the nitrogen compounds present in crude shale oils are basic in nature. These basic nitrogen compounds are particularly undesirable in the refining feeds because these compounds often act as catalyst poisons.
- shale oils may contain many trace metal compounds, generally present as organometallic complexes.
- metal compounds mention may be made of conventional contaminants such as nickel, vanadium, calcium, sodium, lead or iron, but also metal arsenic compounds.
- shale oils can contain an amount of arsenic greater than 20 ppm while the amount of arsenic in crude oil is generally in the area of ppb (parts per billion). All these metal compounds are poisons of catalysts. In particular, they irreversibly poison the hydro-treatment and hydrogenation catalysts by gradually depositing on the active surface.
- Conventional metal compounds and some of the arsenic are found mainly in heavy cuts and are removed by settling on the catalyst.
- products containing arsenic are able to generate volatile compounds, these can be found partly in lighter cuts and can, therefore, poison the catalysts of the subsequent transformation processes, at the same time. refining or petrochemicals.
- shale oils generally contain sandy sediments from oil shale deposits from which shale oils are extracted. These sandy sediments can create clogging problems, especially in fixed bed reactors.
- shale oils may contain waxes which give them a pour point greater than ambient temperature, preventing their transport in oil pipelines.
- patent document CA2605056 describes a heavy-charge conversion process having an initial boiling point greater than 340 ° C., in which the feedstock is subjected to a deasphalting step, and then the raffinate obtained is hydroconverted in the presence of a dispersed catalyst. The non-hydroconverted raffinate is recycled at the deasphalting stage.
- the charges envisaged in this document are only of the type atmospheric residue and vacuum residue resulting from conventional oil. A single desulfurization step is considered on the atmospheric gas oil cut. An additional vacuum distillation step with recycle of the residue under vacuum is presented.
- CA2464796 discloses a heavy load conversion process quite similar to CA2605056 mentioned above.
- CA2464796 there is no reference to the treatment of shale oil, the intended loads being limited to atmospheric residues and residues under vacuum.
- the vacuum distillation step is optional.
- the patent application US2007138058 describes a slurry hydroconversion process, in which the feed undergoes a preliminary stage of hydro-treatment or deasphalting. Converted products are subject to unspecified hydrofinishing. The process described is applied to various heavy loads derived from conventional oil. There is no mention of shale oils.
- the patent application US2004163996 relates to a process for treating an atmospheric residue or a vacuum residue in which said residue undergoes a deasphalting step, then the deasphalted oil (raffinate) and asphalt (extract) cuts are separately hydroconverted by a method of bubbling bed.
- US Patent Application 2009166253 contemplates the sequence of several deasphalting steps followed by a hydrocracking step of one or more deasphalted oils, and then their fractionation. The process is applied to different loads, including shale oils.
- the present invention aims to improve the known processes for converting hydrocarbon feedstocks comprising a shale oil, in particular by increasing the yield of fuel bases for a combination of steps having a specific sequence, and a treatment adapted to each fraction derived from the oils of shale.
- the object of the present invention is to obtain products of good quality having in particular a low content of sulfur, nitrogen and arsenic, preferably respecting the specifications.
- Another objective is to propose a simple process, that is to say with the least necessary steps, while remaining effective, to limit investment costs.
- the present invention is defined as a hydrocarbon feed conversion process comprising at least one shale oil having a nitrogen content of at least 0.1%, often at least 1% and very often at least 2% by weight, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- the decontaminated oil is sent to a hydroconversion section in the presence of hydrogen, said section comprising at least one bubbling bed reactor operating at an upward flow of liquid and gas and containing at least one supported hydroconversion catalyst,
- step b) The effluent obtained in step b) is sent, at least in part, and often entirely, into a fractionation zone from which a gaseous fraction, a naphtha fraction or a diesel fraction is recovered by atmospheric distillation. and a heavier fraction than diesel,
- said naphtha fraction is treated, at least in part, and often entirely in a first hydrotreating section in the presence of hydrogen, said first section comprising at least a first fixed bed reactor containing at least a first catalyst hydro treatment, and
- Said gas oil fraction is treated, at least in part, and often entirely in a second hydrotreating section in the presence of hydrogen, said second section comprising at least a second fixed bed reactor containing at least a second catalyst hydrotreating.
- the hydroconversion section of step b) comprises from one to three, and preferably two, reactors in series, and the first and second hydrotreatment sections of steps d) and e) each independently comprise from one to three series reactors.
- the process advantageously comprises an additional step f) in which the heavier fraction than diesel is recycled in step a) to be decontaminated.
- the hydrocarbon feedstock comprising the shale oil is subjected to a decontamination advantageously taking the form of a deasphalting, using a solvent in the form of a C3-C5 hydrocarbon alone or mixed.
- the solvent is chosen to separate the asphalt which contains heavy aromatic compounds, which will not be soluble in the solvent.
- the extraction step also makes it possible to reduce the proportion of aromatic nitrogen compounds which are refractory to hydrodenitrogenation (catalytic hydrogenation denitrogenation), to eliminate particles and minerals originating from oil shale, and to entrain a large part of the compounds organo-heavy metals containing metals such as vanadium or nickel.
- These heavy organo-metallic compounds may have porphyrinic units within them, which are responsible for metal sequestration.
- the deasphalting is carried out on the totality of the load, in order to extract as much as possible the nitrogenous aromatic compounds present in sections ranging from LPG to the heavier fraction than diesel.
- the use of deasphalting on the entire charge before hydroconversion removes a large part of the metal poisons present in the load, in particular arsenic, as well as heavy nitrogen compounds, generally aromatic.
- the turnover rate of the hydroconversion catalyst is decreased, and the hydrogen requirements are limited, because of the lesser presence of compounds to be converted in the deasphalted oil.
- aromatic nitrogen compounds which can be found in fillers that can be treated according to the process of the invention include pyridines, pyrimidines, pyrazines, quinolines, isoquinolines, pyrroles, imidazoles, and other mono- or poly-substituted nitrogenous aromatic heterocycles. cyclical. These nitrogenous aromatic compounds may be substituted with various hydrocarbon chains, optionally comprising heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
- the second stage comprises hydroconversion in a bubbling bed. Bubble bed technology allows, compared to fixed bed technology, to treat highly contaminated loads of metals, heteroatoms and sediments, such as shale oils, while having conversion rates generally greater than
- the effluent obtained in the hydroconversion stage is then fractionated by atmospheric distillation, making it possible to obtain different fractions for which a treatment specific to each fraction is carried out thereafter.
- the atmospheric distillation makes it possible, in a single step, to obtain the various desired fractions (naphtha, gas oil), thus facilitating a downstream hydrotreatment adapted to each fraction and, consequently, the direct obtaining of naphtha or diesel fuel base products. respecting the different specifications. Fractionation after hydrotreatment is therefore not necessary.
- the light fractions (naphtha and gas oil) contain less contaminants and can therefore be processed in a fixed bed section generally having improved hydrogenation kinetics relative to the bubbling bed.
- the operating conditions may be milder due to the limited contaminant content. Providing a treatment for each fraction makes it possible to have a better operability according to the desired products. Depending on the operating conditions chosen (more or less severe), it is possible to obtain either a fraction that can be sent to a fuel pool, or a finished product that meets the specifications (sulfur content, smoke point, cetane, aromatic content, etc.). ) in force.
- the fixed bed hydrotreatment sections preferably comprise, upstream of the hydro-treatment catalytic beds, guard beds specific for arsenic and silicon compounds. contained in the naphtha and / or diesel fractions.
- the arsenic compounds escaping the ebullating bed are fixed in the guard beds, avoiding poisoning the downstream catalysts, and making it possible to obtain fuel bases that are heavily depleted of arsenic.
- the atmospheric distillation also makes it possible to concentrate the more refractory nitrogen compounds in the heavier fraction than the gas oil fraction, which, in step f), is returned to step a) to be deasphalted therein.
- this recycling step allows for the extinction of the heavier fraction than diesel, and thus to minimize the problems of valuation and economic opportunities of the latter.
- the heavier fraction than diesel can be returned to step a) at least partly, preferably in its entirety.
- Asphalts have applications in the preparation of heavy fuels and bitumens.
- the hydrocarbon feedstock comprises at least one shale oil or a mixture of shale oils.
- shale oil is used here in its broadest sense and is intended to include any shale oil or a shale oil fraction, which contains nitrogenous impurities. This includes crude shale oil, whether obtained by pyrolysis, solvent extraction or other means, shale oil that has been filtered to remove solids, or that has been treated by a or more solvents, chemicals, or other treatments, and which contains nitrogenous impurities.
- shale oil also includes shale oil fractions obtained by distillation or other fractionation technique.
- the shale oils used in the present invention generally have a Conradson carbon content of at least 0.1% by weight and generally at least 5% by weight, an asphaltene content (IP143 / C7 standard) of at least 1%, often at least 2% by weight.
- Their sulfur content is generally at least 0.1%, often at least 1% and very often at least 2% or even up to 4% or even 7% by weight.
- the amount of metals they contain is generally at least 5 ppm by weight, often at least 50 ppm by weight, and typically at least 100 ppm by weight or at least 200 ppm by weight.
- Their nitrogen content is generally at least 0.5%, often at least 1% and often at least 2% by weight.
- Their arsenic content is generally greater than 1 ppm by weight, and up to 50 ppm by weight.
- the process according to the present invention aims at converting shale oils.
- the feed may also contain, in addition to shale oil, other synthetic liquid hydrocarbons, particularly those containing a significant amount of organic cyclic nitrogen compounds.
- oils derived from coal oils obtained from heavy tar, tar sands, pyrolysis oils from wood residues such as wood residues, biomass crudes ("biocrudes”), vegetable oils and animal fats.
- hydrocarbon feedstocks can also supplement shale oil.
- the feeds are selected from the group consisting of vacuum distillates and straight run residues, vacuum distillates and unconverted residues from conversion processes such as, for example, those from distillation to coke ( coking), products resulting from hydroconversion of heavy liquids in fixed bed, products resulting from ebullated bed hydroconversion processes, and solvent-free oils (eg propane, butane and pentane deasphalted oils). from deasphalting of direct distillation vacuum residues or vacuum residues from hydroconversion processes).
- solvent-free oils eg propane, butane and pentane deasphalted oils
- the fillers may also contain light cutting oil (LCO for "light cycle oil” in English) of various origins, heavy cutting oil (HCO for "heavy cycle oil” in English) of various origins, and also diesel fuel cuts from catalytic cracking generally having a distillation range of about 150 ° C to about 650 ° C.
- the fillers may also contain aromatic extracts obtained in the context of the manufacture of lubricating oils.
- the fillers can also be prepared and used in a mixture, in all proportions.
- Hydrocarbons added to shale oil or shale oil blend can represent 20 to 60% by weight of the total hydrocarbon feedstock (shale oil or mixture of shale oils + added hydrocarbons), or even 10% to 90% by weight.
- the hydrocarbon feedstock comprising the shale oil is directed to a decontamination step [step a)].
- This step aims to extract the compounds rich in contaminants. These contain heavy compounds rich in heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, as well as most metals in the feed.
- a preferred method of decontamination is deasphalting.
- Decontamination can be carried out by extraction with a solvent or by ultrafiltration on a membrane, for example Zr on carbon, for example in the presence of supercritical CO 2 (C. Rodriguez et al., Desalination 144 (2002), 173-178). ).
- Deasphalting with a solvent is carried out under conditions well known to those skilled in the art.
- methods such as Solvahl of Axens, or Rose of KBR can be used.
- the deasphalting is carried out conventionally with the aid of an aliphatic solvent, generally a C3-C7 alkane or cycloalkane, preferably C3-C5, or mixtures thereof in all proportions.
- an aliphatic solvent generally a C3-C7 alkane or cycloalkane, preferably C3-C5, or mixtures thereof in all proportions.
- step a) The decontamination of step a) is carried out with a solvent selected from the group consisting of propane, n-butane, isobutane, n-pentane, cyclopentane, 2-methyl-butane, 2,2 dimethylpropane, and mixtures thereof in all proportions.
- a solvent selected from the group consisting of propane, n-butane, isobutane, n-pentane, cyclopentane, 2-methyl-butane, 2,2 dimethylpropane, and mixtures thereof in all proportions.
- Deasphalting may be carried out by any means known to those skilled in the art.
- the extraction is generally carried out in a mixer-settler or in an extraction column.
- the extraction is carried out in an extraction column.
- the operating conditions are generally a solvent / charge ratio of 3/1 to 8/1% vol /% vol, preferably 4/1 to 6/1% vol /% vol, a temperature profile between 60 and 250 ° C, preferably between 60 ° C and 200 ° C.
- the operating pressure must be maintained above the critical pressure of the solvent used. It is preferably between 4 and 5 MPa.
- a mixture comprising the filler is introduced into the extraction column. of hydrocarbons and a first fraction of a solvent charge, the volume ratio between the solvent feed fraction and the hydrocarbon feed being referred to as the rate of solvent injected with the feedstock.
- This step is intended to mix well the load with the solvent entering the extraction column.
- a second fraction of solvent charge the volume ratio between the second fraction of feedstock and the hydrocarbon feedstock being called the level of solvent injected at the bottom of the extractor.
- the volume of the hydrocarbon feedstock considered in the settling zone is generally that introduced into the extraction column.
- the decantation of the asphalt consists of the countercurrent washing of the asphalt emulsion in the solvent + oil mixture with pure solvent. It is favored by an increase in the solvent ratio (it is in fact to replace the solvent + oil environment with a pure solvent environment) and by a decrease in temperature.
- the solvent can be recovered either by vaporization of the solvent (multi-stage flash with lowering of the pressure and raising of the temperature) followed generally by steam stripping, or by operating the separation of the solvent at a pressure greater than critical pressure of the solvent or that of the deasphalted oil-solvent mixture, which reduces the energy cost of the vaporization.
- the extraction results in a feed with a nitrogen content reduced by about half compared to the nitrogen content of the feedstock.
- At least a portion, and preferably all, of the deasphalted oil is fed to a bubbling bed reactor for hydroconversion in the presence of hydrogen.
- the bubbling bed comprises a supported hydroconversion catalyst.
- the asphalt is sent to an oxy-gas-gasification section in which it is converted into a gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
- This gaseous mixture can be used for the synthesis of methanol or for the synthesis of hydrocarbons by the Fischer-Tropsch reaction.
- This mixture in the context of the present invention, is preferably sent to a steam conversion section ("shift": conversion into English) in which, in the presence of water vapor, it is converted into hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
- the hydrogen obtained can be used in steps b), d) and e) of the process according to the invention.
- the asphalt obtained in step a) can also be used as a solid fuel, or, after fluxing, as a liquid fuel, or enter the bitumen composition (after a possible blowing step) and / or heavy fuels.
- the deasphalting of the filler therefore makes it possible to extract the refractory aromatic compounds containing nitrogen and the contaminants (metals), as well as the particles and sediments, which sometimes represent 0.2% by weight of the filler.
- the implementation of a step of prior deasphalting of the load makes it possible to preserve the hydroconversion catalyst used in the next step and to minimize the continuous catalyst additions.
- the raffinate (deasphalted oil or DAO, or decontaminated feedstock) obtained is subjected to a hydroconversion stage [step b)] in a bubbling bed.
- Hydroconversion is understood to mean hydrogenation, hydrotreating, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, hydrodemetallation and hydrocracking reactions.
- the operation of the bubbling bed catalytic reactor including the recycle of reactor liquids upwardly through the agitated catalyst bed, is generally well known.
- Bubbling bed technologies use supported catalysts, generally in the form of extrudates whose diameter is generally of the order of 1 mm or less than 1 mm, for example greater than or equal to 0.7 mm.
- the catalysts remain inside the reactors and are not evacuated with the products.
- the catalytic activity can be kept constant by the on-line replacement (addition and withdrawal) of the catalyst. It is therefore not necessary to stop the unit to change the spent catalyst, nor to increase the reaction temperatures along the cycle to compensate for the deactivation.
- working with constant operating conditions provides consistent yields and product qualities throughout the catalyst cycle.
- the conditions of step b) of treating the feedstock in the presence of hydrogen are usually conventional conditions of boiling bed hydroconversion of a liquid hydrocarbon fraction. It is usually carried out under a total pressure of 2 to 35 MPa, preferably 10 to 20 MPa, at a temperature of 300 ° C to 550 ° C and often 400 ° C to 450 ° C.
- the hourly space velocity (WH) and the hydrogen partial pressure are important factors that are chosen according to the characteristics of the product to be treated and the desired conversion. Most often, the WH is in a range of from 0.2 h -1 to 1.5 h -1 and preferably from 0.4 h -1 to 1 h -1.
- the amount of hydrogen mixed with the The charge is usually 50 to 5000 normal cubic meters (Nm3) per cubic meter (m3) of liquid feed, and most often 100 to 1000 Nm3 / m3, and preferably 300 to 500 Nm3 / m3;
- this hydroconversion stage b) can be carried out under the conditions of the T-STAR® process, as described for example in the article Heavy Oil Hydroprocessing, published by Aiche,
- the hydrogen needed for hydroconversion (and subsequent hydrotreatment) can come from steam reforming hydrocarbons (methane) or gas from oil shale during the production of shale oils.
- the catalyst of step b) is preferably a conventional granular hydroconversion catalyst comprising on a support amorphous at least one metal or metal compound having a hydro-dehydrogenating function.
- a catalyst is used whose porous distribution is suitable for the treatment of metal-containing fillers.
- the hydro-dehydrogenating function may be provided by at least one Group VIII metal selected from the group consisting of nickel and / or cobalt, optionally in combination with at least one Group VIB metal selected from the group consisting of molybdenum and / or tungsten.
- a catalyst comprising from 0.5 to 10% by weight of nickel and preferably from 1 to 5% by weight of nickel (expressed as nickel oxide NiO) and from 1 to 30% by weight of molybdenum may be used, preferably from 5 to 20% by weight of molybdenum (expressed as molybdenum oxide M0O3), on an amorphous mineral support.
- the total content of Group VIB and VIII metal oxides is often from 5 to 40% by weight and generally from 7 to 30% by weight.
- the weight ratio expressed as metal oxide between metal (or metals) of group VI on metal (or metals) of group VIII is, in general, from 20 to 1 and most often from 10 to 2.
- the support of the catalyst will for example be chosen from the group formed by alumina, silica, silica-aluminas, magnesia, clays and mixtures of at least two of these minerals.
- This support may also contain other compounds, for example oxides chosen from the group formed by boron oxide, zirconia, titanium oxide and phosphoric anhydride. Most often an alumina support is used, and very often a support of alumina doped with phosphorus and possibly boron.
- the concentration of phosphorus pentoxide P2O5 is usually less than about 20% by weight and most often less than about 10% by weight and at least 0.001% by weight.
- the concentration of B2O3 boron trioxide is usually from about 0 to about 10% by weight.
- the alumina used is usually ⁇ (gamma) or ⁇ (eta) alumina.
- This catalyst is most often in the form of extruded.
- the catalyst of step b) is based on nickel and molybdenum, doped with phosphorus and supported on alumina.
- the catalysts used in the process according to the present invention may be subjected to a sulphurization treatment making it possible, at least in part, to convert the metal species into sulphides before they come into contact with the load to be processed.
- This activation treatment by sulfurization is well known to those skilled in the art and can be performed by any method already described in the literature either in-situ, that is to say in the reactor, or ex-situ.
- the spent catalyst is partly replaced by fresh catalyst by withdrawal at the bottom of the reactor and introduction to the top of the fresh or new catalyst reactor at regular time interval, for example by spot addition, or almost continuously.
- fresh catalyst can be introduced every day.
- the replacement rate of the spent catalyst with fresh catalyst can be, for example, from about 0.05 kg to about 10 kg per m 3 of filler.
- This withdrawal and replacement are carried out using devices allowing the continuous operation of this hydroconversion stage.
- the unit usually comprises a recirculation pump for maintaining the bubbling bed catalyst by continuously recycling at least a portion of the liquid withdrawn at the top of the reactor and reinjected at the bottom of the reactor. It is also possible to send the spent catalyst withdrawn from the reactor into a regeneration zone in which the carbon and the sulfur contained therein are removed, and then to return this regenerated catalyst to the hydroconversion reactor of step b). .
- the operating conditions coupled with the catalytic activity make it possible to obtain conversion rates of the feedstock that can range from 50 to 95%, preferably from 70 to 95%.
- the conversion rate mentioned above is defined as the mass fraction of the feed at the inlet of the reaction section minus the mass fraction of the heavy fraction having a boiling point greater than 343 ° C. at the outlet of the reaction zone. reaction section, all divided by the mass fraction of the feed at the inlet of the reaction section.
- the bubbling bed technology makes it possible to treat highly contaminated loads of metals, sediments and heteroatoms, without encountering problems of loss of pressure or clogging known in the case of use of fixed bed.
- Metals such as nickel, vanadium, iron and arsenic are largely removed from the charge by settling on the catalysts during the reaction. The remaining arsenic (volatile) will be eliminated during the hydro treatment stages by specific guard beds.
- the sediments contained in the shale oils are also removed by replacing the catalyst in the bubbling bed without disturbing the hydroconversion reactions. These steps also make it possible to remove most of the nitrogen by hydrodenitrogenation, leaving only the most refractory nitrogen compounds.
- step b) makes it possible to obtain an effluent containing at most 3000 ppm, preferably at most 2000 ppm by weight of nitrogen.
- the effluent obtained in the hydroconversion stage b) is sent at least partly, and preferably entirely, into a fractionation zone from which a gaseous fraction, a naphtha fraction, a fraction, or a fraction are recovered by atmospheric distillation. diesel and a heavier fraction than the diesel fraction.
- the effluent obtained in step b) is fractionated by atmospheric distillation into a gaseous fraction having a boiling point of less than 50 ° C., a naphtha fraction boiling between about 50 ° C. and 150 ° C., a fraction gas oil boiling between about 150 ° C and 370 ° C, and a heavier fraction than the gas oil fraction generally boiling above 340 ° C, preferably above 370 ° C.
- the naphtha and diesel fractions are then separately sent to hydrotreatment sections.
- the heavier fraction than the diesel fraction is returned to the decontamination unit of step a) and mixed with the feed.
- the gaseous fraction contains gases (3 ⁇ 4, H2S, NH3, H2O, CO2, CO, C1-C4 hydrocarbons, etc.). It may advantageously undergo a purification treatment to recover the hydrogen and recycle it in the hydroconversion section of step b) or in the hydrotreatment sections of steps d) and e).
- the C3 and C4 hydrocarbons may, after purification treatments used to construct LPG products (liquefied petroleum gas).
- Incondensable gases (C 1-C2) are generally used as internal fuel for the heating furnaces of the hydroconversion and / or hydrotreating reactors.
- the C 1 -C 4 hydrocarbons, isolated from the gaseous fraction can be used to carry out the decontamination step a). Operating conditions of decontamination
- Hydrotreating is understood to mean hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation and hydrodemetallation reactions.
- the objective is, according to the operating conditions chosen in a more or less severe way, to bring the different cuts to the specifications (sulfur content, smoke point, cetane, aromatic content, etc.) or to produce an oil synthetic crude.
- the fact of treating the naphtha fraction in a hydrotreatment section and the gas oil fraction in another hydrotreatment section makes it possible to have a better operability in the operating conditions, in order to be able to bring each cut to the required specifications with a maximum yield. and this in one step by cutting. Thus, fractionation after hydro treatment is not necessary.
- the difference between the two hydrotreating sections is based more on differences in operating conditions than on the choice of catalyst.
- the fixed-bed hydrotreatment sections preferably comprise, upstream of the hydrotreatment catalytic beds, specific guard beds for the arsenic compounds (arsenic compounds) and silicon optionally contained in the naphtha and / or diesel fractions. .
- the arsenic compounds having escaped the bubbling bed (because they are generally relatively volatile) are fixed in the guard beds, thus avoiding poisoning the catalysts downstream, and making it possible to obtain fuel bases that are heavily depleted of arsenic.
- Guard beds for removing arsenic and silicon from naphtha or diesel cuts are known to those skilled in the art. They comprise for example an absorbent mass comprising nickel deposited on a suitable support (silica, magnesia or alumina) as described in FR2617497, or an absorbent mass comprising copper on a support, as described in FR2762004. We can also mention the guard beds marketed by the company
- AXENS ACT 979, ACT989, ACT961, ACT981.
- each hydrotreating section is adapted to the feedstock to be treated.
- the operating conditions for hydrotreatment of the naphtha fraction are generally milder than those of the diesel fraction.
- step d) In the hydrotreating step of the naphtha fraction [step d)], it is usually carried out under an absolute pressure of 4 to 15 MPa, often 10 to 13 MPa.
- the temperature in this step d) is usually 280 ° C to 380 ° C, often 300 ° C to 350 ° C. This temperature is usually adjusted according to the desired level of hydrodesulfurization.
- the hourly space velocity (WH) is in a range from 0.1 h 1 to 5 h 1 , and preferably from 0.5 h 1 to 1 h 1 .
- the amount of hydrogen mixed with the feed is usually 100 to 5000 normal cubic meters (Nm 3 ) per cubic meter (m 3 ) of liquid feed, and most often 200 to 1000 Nm 3 / m 3 , and preferably from 300 to 500 Nm 3 / m 3 .
- Use is advantageously carried out in the presence of hydrogen sulphide (for the sulphidation of the catalyst) and the partial pressure of the hydrogen sulphide is usually 0.002 times at 0.1 times, and preferably 0.005 times at 0.05 times the total pressure. .
- step e the operation is usually carried out under an absolute pressure of 7 to 20 MPa, often 10 to 15 MPa.
- the temperature in this step e) is usually 320 ° C to 450 ° C, often 340 ° C to 400 ° C. This temperature is usually adjusted according to the desired level of hydrodesulfurization.
- the hourly mass velocity is between 0, 1 and 1 h 1 .
- the hourly space velocity (WH) is in a range from 0.2 h 1 to 1 h 1 , and preferably from 0.3 h 1 to 0.8 h 1 .
- the amount of hydrogen mixed with the feed is usually 100 to 5000 normal cubic meters (Nm 3 ) per cubic meter (m 3 ) of liquid feed, and most often 200 to 1000 Nm 3 / m 3 , and preferably from 300 to 500 Nm 3 / m 3 .
- the ideal catalyst In the hydrotreating sections, the ideal catalyst must have a high hydrogenating power, so as to achieve a deep refining of the products, and to obtain a significant lowering of the sulfur and nitrogen content.
- the hydro-treatment sections operate at a relatively low temperature, which is in the sense of deep hydrogenation and coking limitation of the catalyst. It would not be departing from the scope of the present invention to use, in the hydro-treatment sections, simultaneously or successively, a single catalyst or several different catalysts.
- the hydro treatment of steps d) and e) is carried out industrially in one or more liquid downflow reactors.
- step d) and e) the same type of catalyst is used, the catalysts in each section being identical or different.
- At least one fixed bed of conventional hydrotreating catalyst is used, comprising on an amorphous support at least one metal or metal compound having a hydro-dehydrogenating function.
- the hydro-dehydrogenating function may be provided by at least one Group VIII metal selected from the group consisting of nickel and / or cobalt, optionally in combination with at least one Group VIB metal selected from the group consisting of molybdenum and / or tungsten.
- a catalyst comprising from 0.5 to 10% by weight of nickel and preferably from 1 to 5% by weight of nickel (expressed as nickel oxide NiO) and from 1 to 30% by weight of molybdenum can be used. preferably from 5 to 20% by weight of molybdenum (expressed as molybdenum oxide M0O3), on an amorphous mineral support.
- the total metal oxide content of Groups VI and VIII is often from about 5 to about 40% by weight, and generally from about 7 to 30% by weight, and the weight ratio of metal oxide to metal (or metals) of group VIB on metal (or metals) of group VIII is generally from about 20 to about 1, and most often from about 10 to about 2.
- the support is for example chosen from the group formed by alumina, silica, silica-aluminas, magnesia, clays and mixtures of at least two of these minerals. This support may also contain other compounds, for example oxides chosen from the group formed by boron oxide, zirconia, titanium oxide and phosphoric anhydride. Most often an alumina support is used and very often a support of alumina doped with phosphorus and possibly boron.
- the concentration of phosphorus pentoxide P2O5 is usually less than about 20% by weight and most often less than about 10% by weight, and is at least 0.001% by weight.
- the concentration of B2O3 boron trioxide is usually from about 0 to about 10% by weight.
- the alumina used is usually a ⁇ (gamma) or ⁇ (eta) alumina. This catalyst is most often in the form of beads or extrudates.
- the catalysts used in the process according to the present invention are preferably subjected to a sulphurization treatment making it possible, at least in part, to transform the metallic species into sulphide before they come into contact with the charge. treat.
- This activation treatment by sulfurization is well known to those skilled in the art and can be performed by any method already described in the literature either in-situ, that is to say in the reactor, or ex-situ.
- stage d) of the naphtha section makes it possible to obtain a section containing at most 1 ppm by weight of nitrogen, preferably at most 0.5 ppm of nitrogen and at most 5 ppm by weight of sulfur, preferably at most 0.5 ppm of sulfur.
- step e) of the diesel cut makes it possible to obtain a cut containing at most 100 ppm of nitrogen, preferably at most 20 ppm of nitrogen and at most 50 ppm of sulfur, preferably at most 10 ppm sulfur.
- the process according to the invention may comprise a catalytic cracking step [step g)], in which at least a portion, and preferably all, of the heavier fraction than gas oil obtained in step c ), is sent to a conventional catalytic cracking section, wherein said fraction plus Heavy diesel fuel is conventionally treated under conditions well known to those skilled in the art, to produce a second gaseous fraction, a second gasoline fraction, a second diesel fraction and a second heavier fraction than diesel, called "slurry According to the Anglo-Saxon terminology.
- the second diesel fraction will be, for example, at least partly sent to fuel tanks (pools) and / or recycled, at least partially, or in whole, in step e) hydrotreating diesel.
- the second heavier fraction that diesel will be, for example, at least partly, or even entirely, sent to the tank (pool) fuel oil and / or recycled at least partially, or in whole, in step g) cracking catalytic. At least a part of the second heavier fraction obtained from gas oil after step g), is recycled to the decontamination step a).
- the conventional catalytic cracking expression includes cracking processes comprising at least one partial combustion catalyst regeneration stage, and those comprising at least one total combustion catalyst regeneration stage, and / or those comprising both at least one partial combustion step and at least one total combustion step.
- a conventional catalyst comprising a matrix, optionally an additive and at least one zeolite is usually used.
- the amount of zeolite is variable but usually from about 3 to 60% by weight, often from about 6 to 50% by weight and most often from about 10 to 45% by weight.
- the zeolite is usually dispersed in the matrix.
- the amount of additive is usually from about 0 to about 30% by weight.
- the amount of matrix represents the complement at 100% by weight.
- the additive is generally chosen from the group formed by the metal oxides of group IIA of the periodic table of elements, such as, for example, magnesium oxide or calcium oxide, rare earth oxides and titanates.
- Group IIA metals such as, for example, magnesium oxide or calcium oxide, rare earth oxides and titanates.
- the matrix is most often a silica, an alumina, a silica-alumina, a silica-magnesia, a clay or a mixture of several of these products.
- the most commonly used zeolite is zeolite Y.
- the cracking is carried out in a substantially vertical reactor, either in ascending or descending mode.
- the choice of the catalyst and the operating conditions depend on the desired products as a function of the feedstock treated, as described, for example, in the article by M.Marcilly, pages 990-991, published in the review of the Institut für du Pperile nov. .-Dec. 1975 pages 969-1006.
- the procedure is usually at 450 ° C to 600 ° C and reactor residence times of less than 1 minute, often from about 0.1 to about 50 seconds.
- the catalytic cracking step g) may also be a catalytic cracking step in a fluidized bed, for example according to the process known as R2R. This step can be carried out in a manner conventionally known to those skilled in the art under suitable cracking conditions in order to produce lower molecular weight hydrocarbon products. Functional descriptions and catalysts for use in fluidized bed cracking in this step g) are described, for example, in US-A-5286690, US-A-5324696 and EP-A-699224.
- the fluidized catalytic cracking reactor is operable with upflow or downflow. Although this is not a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is also conceivable to perform catalytic cracking in a moving bed reactor.
- Particularly preferred catalytic cracking catalysts are those containing at least one zeolite, usually in admixture with a suitable matrix such as, for example, alumina, silica, silica-alumina.
- the invention relates to obtaining a synthetic crude by a method according to one of its previous aspects.
- the invention relates to an installation for treating a shale oil implementing a method according to one of its previous aspects.
- Such an installation includes:
- a section for decontaminating the shale oil to be treated a hydroconversion section in the presence of hydrogen comprising a bubbling bed reactor operating at current ascending liquid and gas and containing at least one supported hydroconversion catalyst,
- an atmospheric distillation fractionation zone a hydrotreating section in the presence of hydrogen, comprising a fixed bed reactor containing at least one hydrotreating catalyst,
- Another hydrotreating section in the presence of hydrogen comprising at least one fixed bed reactor containing at least one hydrotreatment catalyst.
- the decontamination section is connected to the hydroconversion section to supply it with shale oil from the decontamination section;
- the hydroconversion section is connected to the fractionation zone in order to feed it with effluents from the hydroconversion section,
- a line connects the fractionation zone to one of the two hydrotreatment sections, another line (or line) connecting the fractionation zone to the other of the two hydrotreatment sections.
- a catalytic cracking section may be provided, another line (or line) connecting it to the fractionation zone.
- the plant may further include one or more recycle lines for returning the different fractions to the decontamination section or the catalytic cracking section.
- Figure 1 shows schematically the method according to the present invention.
- Figure 2 schematically shows a variant of the process including the catalytic cracking step.
- the load comprising the shale oil (1) to be treated enters the line (2) in a decontamination section (3).
- This step (3) is a deasphalting carried out using a solvent (not shown) which produces a deasphalted oil (4) and a residue (5).
- Residue (5), via line (6), can be used as fuel or feed a gasification unit to produce hydrogen and energy.
- the deasphalted oil (4) is sent via a line (7) to a boiling bed hydroconversion section (8) in the presence of hydrogen (9), the hydrogen (9) being introduced through the line (10). ).
- the effluent of the boiling bed hydroconversion section (8) is sent via the line (1 1) to an atmospheric distillation column (12), at the outlet of which a gaseous fraction (13), a fraction naphtha (14), a gas oil fraction (15) and a heavier fraction than the gas oil fraction (16).
- the gaseous fraction (13) containing hydrogen can be purified (not shown) to recycle the hydrogen and reinject it into the bubbling bed hydroconversion section (8) via line (10) and / or hydrotreating sections (17) and / or (18) via lines (19) and (20).
- the naphtha fraction (14) is sent to the fixed bed hydrotreatment section (17) at the outlet from which a naphtha fraction (21) depleted of impurities is recovered.
- the gas oil fraction (15) is sent to the fixed bed hydrotreatment section (18) at the outlet of which a diesel fuel fraction (22) depleted of impurities is recovered.
- the two hydrotreating sections (17) and (18) are fed with hydrogen via lines (23) and (24).
- the heavier fraction than the gas oil fraction (16) is recycled within the deasphalting section (3) via the line (25).
- the stages (and reference signs) of liquid / liquid extraction, hydroconversion, separation and hydro-treatments are identical to FIG. 1.
- the heavier fraction than the outgoing diesel fraction (16) The atmospheric distillation step can be directed into a catalytic cracking section (26) by means of a line (27).
- the effluent of this section (26) is directed via the line (28) to a fractionation section (29), preferably an atmospheric distillation, from which a fraction of fuels or middle distillates is recovered, comprising at least a second gasoline fraction (30), a second diesel fraction (31) and a second heavier fraction than diesel (32) also called "slurry".
- the second diesel fraction (31) is sent, at least in part, to the fuel tanks (pools) and / or is recycled, at least in part, or in whole, to the e) diesel hydro-treatment stage (18). ) via the line (33).
- the second heavier fraction ("slurry") (32) is, for example, at least in part, or all, sent to the heavy fuel tank and / or is recycled, at least in part, or in whole, to the catalytic cracking stage (26) via the line (34).
- the second heavier fraction that diesel (32) is sent in part or in full to the deasphalting unit (3) by a line (35).
- a shale oil is processed, the characteristics of which are presented in Table 1.
- the shale oil whose hydrocarbons less than C5 have been separated, is subjected to a prior atmospheric distillation, from which are isolated volatile products, constituents of gas oils, kerosenes, and naphthas, which are treated in the refining chain according to their properties.
- Atmospheric distillation of shale oil also produces an atmospheric residue, including within it a majority of compounds having a boiling point above 350 ° C.
- the atmospheric residue represents 40% by weight of the filler.
- the latter undergoes propane deasphalting with a solvent / filler ratio of 5/1; at a temperature of 100 ° C, and at 4 MPa.
- a deasphalted oil and a residue are obtained.
- the deasphalted oil is treated in a bubbling bed reactor containing commercial catalyst HTS458 from Axens.
- the operating conditions for implementation are as follows:
- the liquid products from the reactor are fractionated by atmospheric distillation into a naphtha fraction (C5 + - 150 ° C), a gas oil fraction (150-370 ° C) and a residual fraction 370 ° C + which constitutes a heavier fraction than gas oil.
- the naphtha fraction is subjected to a fixed bed hydrotreatment using a NiMo catalyst on alumina.
- the operating conditions are as follows:
- the gas oil fraction is subjected to a fixed bed hydrotreatment using a NiMo catalyst on alumina.
- the operating conditions are as follows:
- the heavier fraction than gas oil is then catalytically cracked using a catalyst containing 20% by weight of zeolite Y and 80% by weight of a silica-alumina matrix.
- This preheated charge at 135 ° C. is brought into contact at the bottom of a vertical reactor with a hot regenerated catalyst from a regenerator.
- the catalyst inlet temperature in the reactor is 720 ° C.
- the ratio of catalyst flow to charge flow is 6.0.
- the heat input of the catalyst at 720 ° C allows the vaporization of the feedstock and the cracking reaction, which are endothermic.
- the average residence time of the catalyst in the reaction zone is about 3 seconds.
- the operating pressure is 1.8 bar absolute.
- the catalyst temperature measured at the outlet of the Fluidized riser driven bed reactor is 525 ° C.
- the cracked hydrocarbons and the catalyst are separated by cyclones located in a stripper zone where the catalyst is stripped.
- the catalyst which is coked during the reaction and then stripped into the disengaging zone, is then fed into the regenerator.
- the coke content of the solid (delta coke) at the inlet of the regenerator is 0.85%.
- This coke is burned by air injected into the regenerator.
- the highly exothermic combustion raises the solid temperature from 525 ° C to 720 ° C.
- the regenerated and hot catalyst leaves the regenerator and is returned to the bottom of the reactor.
- the hydrocarbons separated from the catalyst leave the zone of disengagement. They are directed to a main fractionation tower from which the gases and gasoline cuts are leading, then in order of increasing boiling point, the LCO, HCO and slurry sections (370 ° C +) at the bottom of the tower.
- Table 2 gives the properties of the different loads of each step as well as the yields obtained in the different units and the overall yield. It is then observed that starting from 100% by weight of shale oil, 86.2% by weight of products (LPG, naphtha, middle distillates) with Euro V commercial specifications are obtained.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2815685A CA2815685C (fr) | 2010-12-24 | 2011-12-16 | Procede de conversion de charge hydrocarbonee comprenant une huile de schiste par decontamination, hydroconversion en lit bouillonnant, et fractionnement par distillation atmospherique |
AU2011346959A AU2011346959B2 (en) | 2010-12-24 | 2011-12-16 | Method for converting hydrocarbon feedstock comprising a shale oil by decontamination, hydroconversion in an ebullating bed, and fractionation by atmospheric distillation |
US13/883,674 US20130327682A1 (en) | 2010-12-24 | 2011-12-16 | Method for converting hydrocarbon feedstock comprising a shale oil by decontamination, hydroconversion in an ebullating bed, and fractionation by atmospheric distillation |
CN201180062157.1A CN103339232B (zh) | 2010-12-24 | 2011-12-16 | 通过去杂质、在沸腾床中加氢转化和通过常压蒸馏分馏的转化包含页岩油的烃原料的方法 |
BR112013013791A BR112013013791A2 (pt) | 2010-12-24 | 2011-12-16 | processo de conversão de carga hidrocarbonada, compreendendo um óleo de xisto por descontaminação, hidroconversão em camada fervente, e fracionamento por destilação atmosférica |
RU2013134384/04A RU2592693C2 (ru) | 2010-12-24 | 2011-12-16 | Способ конверсии углеводородного сырья, содержащего сланцевое масло, путем удаления загрязнений, гидроконверсии в кипящем слое и фракционирования с помощью атмосферной дистилляции |
IL226640A IL226640A (en) | 2010-12-24 | 2013-05-29 | A method for converting hydrocarbon raw materials containing oil shales through purification, hydroconversion into a floating substrate and separation into components using atmospheric distillation |
MA36028A MA34750B1 (fr) | 2010-12-24 | 2013-06-20 | Procede de conversion de charge hydrocarbonee comprenant une huile de schiste par decontamination, hydroconversion en lit bouillonnant, et fractionnement par distillation atmospherique |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1061245A FR2969651B1 (fr) | 2010-12-24 | 2010-12-24 | Procede de conversion de charge hydrocarbonee comprenant une huile de schiste par decontamination, hydroconversion en lit bouillonnant, et fractionnement par distillation atmospherique |
FR1061245 | 2010-12-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012085408A1 true WO2012085408A1 (fr) | 2012-06-28 |
Family
ID=44063717
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2011/053022 WO2012085408A1 (fr) | 2010-12-24 | 2011-12-16 | Procede de conversion de charge hydrocarbonee comprenant une huile de schiste par decontamination, hydroconversion en lit bouillonnant, et fractionnement par distillation atmospherique |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130327682A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN103339232B (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2011346959B2 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112013013791A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2815685C (fr) |
EE (1) | EE05783B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2969651B1 (fr) |
IL (1) | IL226640A (fr) |
JO (1) | JO3364B1 (fr) |
MA (1) | MA34750B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2592693C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2012085408A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3015514B1 (fr) | 2013-12-23 | 2016-10-28 | Total Marketing Services | Procede ameliore de desaromatisation de coupes petrolieres |
RU2634725C1 (ru) * | 2016-07-28 | 2017-11-03 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Институт нефтехимического синтеза им. А.В. Топчиева Российской академии наук (ИНХС РАН) | Способ переработки горючего сланца |
CN116515559B (zh) * | 2023-05-06 | 2024-03-08 | 东莞尚正生物科技有限公司 | 一种基于亚临界低温萃取工艺提取沉香精油的方法 |
Citations (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3306845A (en) * | 1964-08-04 | 1967-02-28 | Union Oil Co | Multistage hydrofining process |
US4133745A (en) * | 1977-08-18 | 1979-01-09 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Processing shale oil cuts by hydrotreating and removal of arsenic and/or selenium |
FR2617497A1 (fr) | 1987-07-02 | 1989-01-06 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede pour l'elimination de composes de l'arsenic dans les hydrocarbures liquides |
US5286690A (en) | 1991-04-26 | 1994-02-15 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Method of heat exchange of solid particles for regeneration in catalytic cracking |
US5324696A (en) | 1991-11-14 | 1994-06-28 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Process and heat exchange apparatus for solid particles for double regeneration in catalytic cracking |
EP0699224A1 (fr) | 1993-05-10 | 1996-03-06 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de regulation du niveau thermique d'un solide dans un echangeur de chaleur presentant des nappes cylindriques de tubes |
FR2753984A1 (fr) * | 1996-10-02 | 1998-04-03 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de conversion d'une fraction lourde d'hydrocarbures impliquant une hydrodemetallisation en lit bouillonnant de catalyseur |
FR2762004A1 (fr) | 1997-04-10 | 1998-10-16 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede pour l'elimination d'arsenic dans les charges hydrocarbonees liquides |
FR2769635A1 (fr) * | 1997-10-14 | 1999-04-16 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de conversion de fractions lourdes petrolieres comprenant une etape d'hydroconversion en lit bouillonnant et une etape d'hydrotraitement |
FR2791354A1 (fr) * | 1999-03-25 | 2000-09-29 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de conversion de fractions lourdes petrolieres comprenant une etape d'hydroconversion en lits bouillonnants et une etape d'hydrotraitement |
US20040163996A1 (en) | 2003-02-21 | 2004-08-26 | Colyar James J. | Effective integration of solvent deasphalting and ebullated-bed processing |
CA2464796A1 (fr) | 2003-04-25 | 2004-10-25 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Procede de valorisation de charges lourdes par desasphaltage et hydrocraquage en lit bouillonnant |
CA2467372A1 (fr) * | 2004-05-14 | 2005-11-14 | Chattanooga Corp. | Procede et dispositif de transformation du schiste bitumineux ou des sables bitumineux en petrole |
US20070138058A1 (en) | 2005-12-16 | 2007-06-21 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Integrated in-line pretreatment and heavy oil upgrading process |
CA2605056A1 (fr) | 2006-10-06 | 2008-04-06 | Ifp | Procede de conversion d'une huile desasphaltee |
US20090166253A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2009-07-02 | Anand Subramanian | Process for upgrading atmospheric residues |
EP2256179A2 (fr) * | 2009-05-26 | 2010-12-01 | IFP Energies nouvelles | Procédé de production d'une coupe hydrocarbonnée à haut indice d'octane et faible teneur en soufre |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3905892A (en) * | 1972-03-01 | 1975-09-16 | Cities Service Res & Dev Co | Process for reduction of high sulfur residue |
US3954603A (en) * | 1975-02-10 | 1976-05-04 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Method of removing contaminant from hydrocarbonaceous fluid |
US4344840A (en) * | 1981-02-09 | 1982-08-17 | Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. | Hydrocracking and hydrotreating shale oil in multiple catalytic reactors |
US4592827A (en) * | 1983-01-28 | 1986-06-03 | Intevep, S.A. | Hydroconversion of heavy crudes with high metal and asphaltene content in the presence of soluble metallic compounds and water |
US4548702A (en) * | 1984-02-24 | 1985-10-22 | Standard Oil Company | Shale oil stabilization with a hydroprocessor |
US4623444A (en) * | 1985-06-27 | 1986-11-18 | Occidental Oil Shale, Inc. | Upgrading shale oil by a combination process |
US5494570A (en) * | 1994-06-24 | 1996-02-27 | Texaco Inc. | Ebullated bed process |
FR2769653B1 (fr) * | 1997-10-14 | 2000-01-07 | Sciel Societe De Creation Inte | Element de couverture de toiture prefabrique |
ITMI20071198A1 (it) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-15 | Eni Spa | Procedimento migliorato per l'idroconversione di oli pesanti con sistemi a letto ebullato |
FR2933708B1 (fr) * | 2008-07-10 | 2011-07-22 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de conversion comprenant une hydroconversion de la charge puis une viscoreduction et un fractionnement |
US8597495B2 (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2013-12-03 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Partial uprading utilizing solvent deasphalting and DAO hydrocracking |
-
2010
- 2010-12-24 FR FR1061245A patent/FR2969651B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-12-15 JO JOP/2011/0379A patent/JO3364B1/ar active
- 2011-12-16 CA CA2815685A patent/CA2815685C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-12-16 WO PCT/FR2011/053022 patent/WO2012085408A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2011-12-16 CN CN201180062157.1A patent/CN103339232B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-12-16 EE EEP201300025A patent/EE05783B1/et not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-12-16 US US13/883,674 patent/US20130327682A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-12-16 BR BR112013013791A patent/BR112013013791A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-12-16 RU RU2013134384/04A patent/RU2592693C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-12-16 AU AU2011346959A patent/AU2011346959B2/en not_active Ceased
-
2013
- 2013-05-29 IL IL226640A patent/IL226640A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-06-20 MA MA36028A patent/MA34750B1/fr unknown
Patent Citations (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3306845A (en) * | 1964-08-04 | 1967-02-28 | Union Oil Co | Multistage hydrofining process |
US4133745A (en) * | 1977-08-18 | 1979-01-09 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Processing shale oil cuts by hydrotreating and removal of arsenic and/or selenium |
FR2617497A1 (fr) | 1987-07-02 | 1989-01-06 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede pour l'elimination de composes de l'arsenic dans les hydrocarbures liquides |
US5286690A (en) | 1991-04-26 | 1994-02-15 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Method of heat exchange of solid particles for regeneration in catalytic cracking |
US5324696A (en) | 1991-11-14 | 1994-06-28 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Process and heat exchange apparatus for solid particles for double regeneration in catalytic cracking |
EP0699224A1 (fr) | 1993-05-10 | 1996-03-06 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de regulation du niveau thermique d'un solide dans un echangeur de chaleur presentant des nappes cylindriques de tubes |
FR2753984A1 (fr) * | 1996-10-02 | 1998-04-03 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de conversion d'une fraction lourde d'hydrocarbures impliquant une hydrodemetallisation en lit bouillonnant de catalyseur |
FR2762004A1 (fr) | 1997-04-10 | 1998-10-16 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede pour l'elimination d'arsenic dans les charges hydrocarbonees liquides |
FR2769635A1 (fr) * | 1997-10-14 | 1999-04-16 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de conversion de fractions lourdes petrolieres comprenant une etape d'hydroconversion en lit bouillonnant et une etape d'hydrotraitement |
FR2791354A1 (fr) * | 1999-03-25 | 2000-09-29 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de conversion de fractions lourdes petrolieres comprenant une etape d'hydroconversion en lits bouillonnants et une etape d'hydrotraitement |
US20040163996A1 (en) | 2003-02-21 | 2004-08-26 | Colyar James J. | Effective integration of solvent deasphalting and ebullated-bed processing |
CA2464796A1 (fr) | 2003-04-25 | 2004-10-25 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Procede de valorisation de charges lourdes par desasphaltage et hydrocraquage en lit bouillonnant |
FR2854163A1 (fr) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-10-29 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de valorisation de charges lourdes par desasphaltage et hydrocraquage en lit bouillonnant |
CA2467372A1 (fr) * | 2004-05-14 | 2005-11-14 | Chattanooga Corp. | Procede et dispositif de transformation du schiste bitumineux ou des sables bitumineux en petrole |
US20070138058A1 (en) | 2005-12-16 | 2007-06-21 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Integrated in-line pretreatment and heavy oil upgrading process |
CA2605056A1 (fr) | 2006-10-06 | 2008-04-06 | Ifp | Procede de conversion d'une huile desasphaltee |
US20090166253A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2009-07-02 | Anand Subramanian | Process for upgrading atmospheric residues |
EP2256179A2 (fr) * | 2009-05-26 | 2010-12-01 | IFP Energies nouvelles | Procédé de production d'une coupe hydrocarbonnée à haut indice d'octane et faible teneur en soufre |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
"ULLMANS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY", vol. A 18, 1991, pages: 61 - 64 |
C. RODRIGUEZ ET AL., DESALINATION, vol. 144, 2002, pages 173 - 178 |
COTTINGHAM P L: "Distribution of nitrogen in hydrocracked in situ shale oil", INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, EASTON, PA, US, vol. 15, no. 3, 1 January 1976 (1976-01-01), pages 197 - 201, XP002512421, ISSN: 0536-1079, DOI: DOI:10.1021/I360059A012 * |
M.MARCILLY, L'INSTITUT FRANÇAIS DU PÉTROLE, November 1975 (1975-11-01), pages 990 - 991,969-1006 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2815685C (fr) | 2018-10-23 |
JO3364B1 (ar) | 2019-03-13 |
US20130327682A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 |
RU2013134384A (ru) | 2015-01-27 |
EE201300025A (et) | 2013-10-15 |
FR2969651B1 (fr) | 2014-02-21 |
CA2815685A1 (fr) | 2012-06-28 |
CN103339232A (zh) | 2013-10-02 |
CN103339232B (zh) | 2016-02-10 |
EE05783B1 (et) | 2016-11-15 |
FR2969651A1 (fr) | 2012-06-29 |
MA34750B1 (fr) | 2013-12-03 |
RU2592693C2 (ru) | 2016-07-27 |
BR112013013791A2 (pt) | 2016-09-13 |
AU2011346959B2 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
AU2011346959A1 (en) | 2013-05-09 |
IL226640A (en) | 2017-06-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CA2911122C (fr) | Procede de conversion de charges petrolieres comprenant une etape de maturation | |
EP3026097B1 (fr) | Procede de production de combustibles de type fuel lourd a partir d'une charge hydrocarbonee lourde utilisant une separation entre l'etape d'hydrotraitement et l'etape d'hydrocraquage | |
EP3303523B1 (fr) | Procede de conversion de charges comprenant une etape d'hydrotraitement, une etape d'hydrocraquage, une etape de precipitation et une etape de separation des sediments pour la production de fiouls | |
EP3018188B1 (fr) | Procede de conversion de charges petrolieres comprenant une etape d'hydrotraitement en lit fixe, une etape d'hydrocraquage en lit bouillonnant, une etape de maturation et une etape de separation des sediments pour la production de fiouls a basse teneur en sediments | |
EP3303522B1 (fr) | Procede de conversion de charges comprenant une etape d'hydrocraquage, une etape de precipitation et une etape de separation des sediments pour la production de fiouls | |
CA2772170C (fr) | Procede d'hydroconversion de charges lourdes carbonees integrant une technologie a lit bouillonnant et une technologie en slurry | |
WO2012085407A1 (fr) | Procède de conversion de charge hydrocarbonate comprenant une huile de schiste par hydre conversion en lit bouillonnant, fractionnement par distillation atmosphérique, et hydrocraquage | |
WO2015091033A1 (fr) | Nouveau procede integre de traitement de charges petrolieres pour la production de fiouls a basse teneur en soufre et en sediments | |
EP3018189B1 (fr) | Procede de conversion de charges petrolieres comprenant une etape de viscoreduction, une etape de maturation et une etape de separation des sediments pour la production de fiouls a basse teneur en sediments | |
WO2014096704A1 (fr) | Procédé avec separation de traitement de charges petrolieres pour la production de fiouls a basse teneur en soufre | |
FR3050735A1 (fr) | Procede de conversion comprenant des lits de garde permutables d'hydrodemetallation, une etape d'hydrotraitement en lit fixe et une etape d'hydrocraquage en reacteurs permutables | |
WO2014096703A1 (fr) | Procédé integré de traitement de charges petrolieres pour la production de fiouls a basse teneur en soufre | |
FR3014111A1 (fr) | Procede de raffinage d'une charge hydrocarbonee lourde mettant en œuvre un desasphaltage selectif en cascade | |
FR3075810A1 (fr) | Procede ameliore de conversion de residus integrant des etapes d’hydroconversion profonde et une etape de desasphaltage | |
WO2012085406A1 (fr) | Procede de conversion de charge hydrocarbonee comprenant une huile de schiste par hydroconversion en lit bouillonnant, fractionnement par distillation atmospherique et extraction liquide/liquide de la fraction lourde. | |
FR3075807A1 (fr) | Procede ameliore de conversion de residus integrant des etapes d’hydroconversion profonde en lit entraine et une etape de desasphaltage | |
WO2012085408A1 (fr) | Procede de conversion de charge hydrocarbonee comprenant une huile de schiste par decontamination, hydroconversion en lit bouillonnant, et fractionnement par distillation atmospherique | |
FR3008711A1 (fr) | Procede de raffinage d'une charge hydrocarbonee de type residu sous-vide mettant en œuvre un desasphaltage selectif, un hydrotraitement et une conversion du residu sous-vide pour la production d'essence et d'olefines legeres | |
FR2999600A1 (fr) | Procede de raffinage d'une charge hydrocarbonee lourde mettant en oeuvre un desasphaltage selectif | |
FR3084372A1 (fr) | Procede de traitement d'une charge hydrocarbonee lourde comprenant un hydrotraitement en lit fixe, deux desasphaltages et un hydrocraquage en lit bouillonnant de l'asphalte | |
FR3084371A1 (fr) | Procede de traitement d'une charge hydrocarbonee lourde comprenant un hydrotraitement en lit fixe, un desasphaltage et un hydrocraquage en lit bouillonnant de l'asphalte | |
WO2016192893A1 (fr) | Procédé de conversion de charges comprenant une étape de viscoréduction, une étape de précipitation et une étape de séparation des sédiments pour la production de fiouls |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 11817367 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2815685 Country of ref document: CA |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2011346959 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20111216 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 226640 Country of ref document: IL |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2013134384 Country of ref document: RU Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 13883674 Country of ref document: US |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 11817367 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: BR Ref legal event code: B01A Ref document number: 112013013791 Country of ref document: BR |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 112013013791 Country of ref document: BR Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20130604 |