WO2012081897A2 - 니켈 함유 원료로부터 페로니켈을 농축 회수하는 방법, 상기 농축된 페로니켈로부터 니켈을 회수하는 방법 및 상기 방법에서 발생하는 철 함유 용액을 재활용하는 방법 - Google Patents
니켈 함유 원료로부터 페로니켈을 농축 회수하는 방법, 상기 농축된 페로니켈로부터 니켈을 회수하는 방법 및 상기 방법에서 발생하는 철 함유 용액을 재활용하는 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012081897A2 WO2012081897A2 PCT/KR2011/009602 KR2011009602W WO2012081897A2 WO 2012081897 A2 WO2012081897 A2 WO 2012081897A2 KR 2011009602 W KR2011009602 W KR 2011009602W WO 2012081897 A2 WO2012081897 A2 WO 2012081897A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nickel
- iron
- raw material
- acid
- ferronickel
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
- C22B23/0415—Leaching processes with acids or salt solutions except ammonium salts solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0453—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for concentrating ferronickel at a high concentration from a raw material containing nickel and iron, and specifically, a method for recovering nickel concentrate by dissolving a raw material containing nickel and iron with an acid to precipitate in the form of ferronickel. To provide.
- the present invention relates to a method for recovering high purity nickel from such a nickel concentrate and a method for recycling an iron-containing solution generated and disposed of in the nickel concentrate recovery process.
- Nickel-containing ores include ore such as limonite and saprolite, and these ores have passivation properties, so they are acid resistant and slow to dissolve. Therefore, as a method for effectively leaching nickel, methods for recovering nickel by dissolving acid in an autoclave under high temperature and high pressure have been proposed, which is called 'HPAL (High Pressure Acid Leaching)'.
- 'HPAL High Pressure Acid Leaching
- the nickel recovery rate does not exceed 85% even after leaching for several months or more.
- the HPAL method enables the leaching of 90% or more of nickel within two hours. It can be called a method.
- Korean Patent Publication No. 2007-7020915, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2010-031341 and the like can be given.
- HPAL method should be carried out under the high temperature and high pressure of the autoclave, and it is known that only titanium material can be mainly used because of its strong acidity, and thus has a disadvantage in that the installation cost is very high and the maintenance cost is high.
- a caustic soda which is an expensive precipitant, or an environmentally harmful precipitant (H 2 S) must be used for nickel concentration, there is a problem in that a facility cost for treating this is increased.
- the present inventors have proposed a method of recovering nickel by acid leaching after the hydrogen reduction of the nickel-containing raw material in Korea Patent Publication No. 2009-0031321.
- the technique of the patent document the step of recovering V, Mo in the petrochemical desulfurization waste catalyst and treating the remaining residue with an acid to remove alkali elements in the residue; Drying the residue from which the alkali element has been removed, and then heat-treating it at a temperature range of 600-1300 ° C.
- Disclosed is a method for producing an iron nickel-containing raw material from a petrochemical desulfurization waste catalyst recycling residue comprising the step of filtering and drying the product obtained in the above step to obtain Fe and Ni-containing raw materials.
- the present invention provides a method for most efficiently concentrating Ni and recovering nickel from these concentrates by separating and recovering nickel and iron from raw materials containing nickel and iron, particularly nickel ore.
- the present invention relates to a method for recovering a nickel concentrate from a nickel iron-containing raw material, the slurrying step of slurrying by adding water after reducing the nickel iron-containing raw material;
- the reduced nickel iron-containing raw material to be mixed in the solid slurry may be one obtained by reducing limonite ore.
- the present invention is a slurrying step of slurrying by adding water after reducing the nickel iron-containing raw material; Ferro by adding 0.5-1.5 times the number of hydrochloric acid or 0.25-0.75 times the number of sulfuric acid to the number of moles of (Fe + Ni) in the reduced nickel iron-containing raw material to the slurry of the reduced nickel iron-containing raw material obtained in the slurrying step An acid treatment step of simultaneously causing nickel precipitation and iron leaching reactions; And it provides a method for recovering the nickel concentrate from the nickel iron-containing raw material comprising a filtration separation step of removing the iron-containing solution by filtration separation of the solid content containing ferronickel from the solution obtained in the acid treatment step.
- Slurrying the solid content containing the ferronickel of the filtration separation step and slurrying by mixing with the reduced nickel iron-containing raw material, and concentrating the ferronickel by performing the acid treatment step and the filtration separation step. can do.
- the concentrating step may be repeatedly performed until the concentration of nickel is 5-20% by weight based on the solids weight of the ferronickel concentrate to recover the nickel concentrate from the nickel iron-containing raw material.
- the acid is preferably added so that the final pH after ferronickel precipitation and iron leaching reaction is 1-6.
- the nickel iron-containing raw material is dried at a temperature capable of removing the crystal water contained in the nickel iron-containing raw material, pulverized to a particle size of 1mm or less, And it is preferable to obtain by baking at 250-850 degreeC.
- the reduction is to reduce the nickel iron-containing raw material at a temperature of 550-950 °C using a hydrogen-containing gas as a reducing gas
- the hydrogen-containing gas is a gas containing only hydrogen, or a mixed gas of nitrogen and hydrogen Can be.
- the method may further include a step of washing with water after filtration and drying.
- the present invention comprises the steps of obtaining a high concentration nickel solution by dissolving the nickel concentrate recovered by the above method with an acid to leach nickel and then filtering; And it provides a method for recovering high purity nickel from the nickel-containing raw material, comprising the step of removing iron from the high concentration nickel solution.
- the acid is preferably hydrochloric acid containing 2-4 times the number of moles of (Fe + Ni) moles in the nickel concentrate.
- sulfuric acid may be a mole number of 1-2 times the number of moles of (Fe + Ni).
- the step of removing the iron may be performed by blowing the oxygen-containing gas to produce iron hydroxide while adjusting the pH of the high concentration nickel solution in the range of 2.5-5.5, filtering the generated iron hydroxide, or by solvent extraction. .
- the present invention is to recycle the iron-containing solution to produce a magnetite by adding an alkali component to the iron-containing solution removed in the filtration separation step to adjust the pH of the solution to 9.5 to 10.5, by blowing and oxidizing the oxygen-containing gas, Provide a method.
- nickel can be effectively recovered from raw materials such as ore containing nickel.
- raw materials such as ore containing nickel.
- concentration recovery and recovery of Ni from ore of low nickel quality it is suitable for the application of nickel smelting.
- nickel concentrate can be used as a raw material for stainless steel, and iron to be separated and removed can be used as a raw material for sintering ores of carbon steel by being made of magnetite iron ore.
- iron to be separated and removed can be used as a raw material for sintering ores of carbon steel by being made of magnetite iron ore.
- the present invention relates to a method for recovering nickel concentrate from nickel iron containing raw materials. Particularly, in recovering nickel by dissolution of acid, when the nickel concentration is low and the iron concentration is high, iron is leached relatively much when leaching nickel, whereas nickel is leached in small amounts, making it difficult to separate iron and nickel. It can be applied more suitably.
- the nickel iron-containing raw material to which the present invention can be applied is not particularly limited, and may be applied as long as it contains nickel and iron, and preferably nickel ore, for example, nickel ore such as limonite and sapolite Can be mentioned.
- Nickel ore varies depending on the type of ore, but usually contains 1-2.5% Ni and 15-55% Fe.
- limonite ore has a low nickel concentration of 1-1.8% and an iron concentration of 30- As high as 55%.
- the present invention can be effectively applied when recovering nickel from relatively low nickel content limonite.
- the ore powder is preferably used having a particle size of 1mm or less.
- the particle size of the ore powder is larger than 1 mm, the reduction / leaching rate is slow, and in particular, the acid and leaching reactions are not preferable because of large clogging of the pump and pipes and poor workability.
- the said particle size is 1 mm or less, it can use suitably in this invention, and the minimum does not matter.
- the grinding process in order to obtain a powder having a particle size smaller than 10 ⁇ m, the grinding process must be performed for a long time or more than a plurality of times, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more.
- nickel ore contains crystal water, and if it is not subjected to calcination, crystal water contained in the ore is released as water in a subsequent reduction process to slow down the reduction reaction, so that the pulverized powder is preferably calcined.
- limonite emits crystal water at about 250-350 ° C and sapprite at around 650-750 ° C. Therefore, the ore powder obtained in the grinding process is in the range of 250-850 ° C.
- the crystal water contained in the nickel ore can be removed.
- saprolite having a high nickel content is mainly used as a raw material for dry smelting, and nickel can be recovered by applying the present invention to rotary kiln dust generated in the dry smelting process.
- the dust is included in a range suitable for applying the present invention and exposed to high temperature during the dry smelting process, the grinding and calcining process as in nickel-containing ore is not necessarily required.
- the particle size is out of the range required by the present invention, for example, because the dust is exposed to air and contains moisture, it may be subjected to a pulverization or firing treatment as necessary.
- waste catalyst residues containing nickel and iron are generated, and the nickel is concentrated and recovered by applying the present invention to the desulfurization waste catalyst residues including the nickel.
- the pulverization step is not necessary, but may be pulverized by appropriate means when aggregated.
- the baking process as mentioned above may be performed as needed.
- Table 1 shows the main components of the nickel iron-containing raw material.
- the content of each component in Table 1 represents the weight percent, the remaining components are oxygen, in addition to a trace amount of Mg and Mn.
- the present invention includes the steps of reducing nickel and iron after pretreatment of the nickel and iron-containing raw materials as described above.
- the reduction step is carried out using a reducing gas containing hydrogen, it can be carried out in a temperature range of 550-950 °C.
- the reduction does not occur sufficiently, so that the nickel recovery rate is reduced during subsequent leaching, and at 950 ° C. or more, the reduction rate does not increase any more but only sintering between particles may adversely affect the workability.
- Hydrogen gas may be used alone as the reducing gas, and inert gas may be used together to remove oxygen other than hydrogen present in the reducing furnace during the reduction reaction. Nitrogen etc. are mentioned as said inert gas.
- the reduced nickel iron-containing raw material obtained in the reduction process is separated from the exhaust gas, the reduced nickel-containing raw material is discharged into a tank containing oxygen-blocked water and slurried.
- the iron component is very high, and when it is extracted into the air after reduction, reoxidation occurs, and the oxidation reaction is accelerated due to the exotherm, which causes a fire risk. Therefore, it is preferable to prevent the oxidation and ignition of the iron component by slurrying the reduced nickel iron-containing raw material.
- the present invention includes an acid treatment step of adding acid to the slurry thus obtained to precipitate ferronickel and at the same time leaching iron.
- the acid treatment step the slurried nickel-containing raw material is added to an oxygen-free reactor, and an acid is added to dissolve nickel ore.
- the acid used in the acid treatment step may be, but is not limited to, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.
- the metal acid treatment proceeds as shown in the following reaction formula (2) to dissolve the ferronickel with ions.
- reaction formula (3) in order to precipitate the ferronickel ions dissolved in the reaction formula (2), if the ore reduced in the separate limonite ore according to the reaction of the reaction formula (1), the reaction occurs as in the following reaction formula (3).
- the dissolved ferronickel ions are substituted and precipitated into the metal by the reduced metal Fe.
- the principle of the reaction is due to the natural potential difference between iron and nickel, the battery reaction occurs as shown in the following reaction formula. That is, a battery is formed due to the natural potential difference between Ni ions and the reduced metal Fe in the aqueous solution, dissolution reaction by oxidation of Fe proceeds at the anode site of the reduced ore, and nickel ions in the aqueous solution are formed at the cathode site of the reduced ore. The reaction which is reduced and precipitates proceeds.
- the rate-rate reaction for leaching the ferronickel after precipitation becomes the reaction of the reaction formula (3).
- the solubility of iron in the aqueous solution is about 150 g / l
- the concentration at which ferronickel can be dissolved during acid leaching is limited to within 5 g / l. Therefore, when the concentration of ferronickel is low, the concentration of ferronickel that can be concentrated by the reaction of Scheme (3) is also limited.
- reaction formula (3) it is difficult to precipitate dissolved nickel ions with a high recovery rate by adding a reduced nickel iron-containing raw material having a low iron content to an acid treatment solution having a Ni concentration of less than 5 g / l. This is because reaction such as reaction formula (3) must occur in order for nickel to substitute and precipitate, because the diffusion rate of reaction (3) decreases sharply when the concentration of nickel is small.
- the mixing ratio in which the number of moles of iron contained in the reduced nickel iron-containing raw material is five times or more relative to the number of moles of Ni in the acid treatment solution (hereinafter, In the case of mixing the nickel-iron-containing raw material reduced with the 'Fe / Ni mixing ratio'), the recovery rate of nickel can be significantly increased. However, it is preferable that the mixing ratio does not exceed 10. If the mixing ratio is 10 or more, the increase in nickel recovery is insignificant, and the Ni concentration decreases due to the large iron content in the Ni concentrate.
- Ni concentration in the acid treatment solution is 5 g / l or more
- Fe / Ni mixing ratio is 5 or less
- increasing the slurry concentration of the reduced ore can obtain excellent nickel recovery. This is because a large amount of metal iron is introduced into the solution by increasing the slurry concentration of the reduced ore.
- nickel iron-containing raw materials suitable for obtaining the above-described results include limonite ores having a high iron content as shown in Table 1. However, even when limonite ore is used, when the Ni concentration in the acid treatment solution is 5 g / l or more and the Fe / Ni mixing ratio is less than 3, the nickel recovery rate does not increase even if the nickel concentration in the solution is high.
- metal iron when the ratio of the number of moles of acid to the number of moles of (Fe + Ni) is used in an amount less than the equivalent ratio for acid dissolution, metal iron remains after the acid dissolution reaction, and such metal iron can substitute and precipitate nickel ions.
- hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid can be used as the acid for the nickel leaching reaction. Since sulfuric acid can obtain the same effect by the same principle as the case where hydrochloric acid is used except the difference of chemical equivalents with hydrochloric acid, hydrochloric acid is mainly explained below with an example.
- the theoretical equivalence ratio of the number of moles of hydrochloric acid to the number of moles of (Fe + Ni) in the ore during leaching of nickel is 1: 2, but in the present invention, the amount of hydrochloric acid is added less than the theoretical equivalent ratio.
- the concentration of nickel is intended.
- the hydrochloric acid is added in the range of 0.5-1.5 times the number of moles to the number of moles of (Fe + Ni) in the reduced nickel iron-containing raw material.
- the leaching of Fe and the precipitation of ferronickel may occur at the same time to concentrate the ferronickel.
- a reaction as in the following reaction formula (4) occurs.
- ferronickel and iron are dissolved by the reaction of Scheme (2), and the undissolved iron metal is reacted as in Scheme (3) due to lack of equivalence ratio of hydrochloric acid, and ferronickel ions are substituted and precipitated with ferronickel metal, The ferronickel does not melt at all, but only Fe reacts.
- the nickel concentrate in the form of ferronickel obtained by the reaction of Scheme (4) or (5) and Fe ions dissolved in FeCl 2 or FeSO 4 can be separated through a solid-liquid separator, thereby selectively removing Fe ions. Only nickel can be concentrated.
- the final pH of the solution after the reaction of Fe leaching and nickel precipitation is 1.0-6.0. It is desirable to adjust as early as possible. If the pH is less than 1.0, the ferronickel leaching reaction predominates, and the precipitation rate of ferronickel is lowered. If the pH is higher than 6.0, ferronickel hydroxide is formed to precipitate Ni. Therefore, the pH range at the end of the reaction is 1.0-6.0. It is most preferable to adjust so that.
- the obtained ferronickel concentrate may be dissolved with an acid to obtain high purity nickel.
- the nickel content in the ferronickel concentrate is preferably at least 5% by weight. If the content is less than 5% by weight, the iron content is still high and it is difficult to separate and recover nickel therefrom.
- the nickel content in the ferronickel concentrate containing enough nickel content by the filtration separation step is less than 5% by weight
- slurry is obtained by adding water to the obtained ferronickel precipitate, and reducing the new nickel-containing raw material thereto to reduce the slurry.
- the acid content in the acid treatment step is added to the acid at 0.25-1.5 times the total number of moles of (Fe + Ni) in the slurry containing the reduced nickel-containing raw material. If this is expressed as a reaction scheme, it is as in the following scheme (6).
- Fe can be continuously reduced in the concentrate while the nickel is continuously concentrated, so that the Fe: Ni ratio in the reduced ore is 30.
- the iron content continues to decrease to 1: 1, 14; 1, 10: 1, allowing nickel to concentrate.
- Acid dissolution in the iron-containing solution removed by the present invention is good, but impurities present in ore, such as Mg and Mn, in which an electrochemical substitution reaction cannot occur, are also removed together with Fe.
- impurities present in ore such as Mg and Mn, in which an electrochemical substitution reaction cannot occur, are also removed together with Fe.
- SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 and Cr 2 O 3 which have the property that little acid dissolution occurs, are concentrated together with the ferronickel concentrate.
- raw material can be produced in the form of ferronickel. That is, by adding the inorganic and organic binders such as cement, molasses, and the like to the concentrate, followed by molding by adding water, the bulked Ni and Fe-containing raw materials can be produced.
- the reducing body such as carbon, aluminum, and the like may be mixed and melt reduced to slag SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , and Cr 2 O 3 , a metal alloy of iron and nickel, which is so-called ferronickel, may be manufactured. .
- the concentration of ferronickel concentrate obtained by the present invention reaches 5-20%, the ferronickel concentrate is recovered and leached into an acid, and impurities such as SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Cr 2 O 3, etc., which are not dissolved in the acid. By filtering off, nickel can be recovered.
- the acid may be, but is not limited to, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid, as well as various other acids. However, it is more preferable to use hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid in terms of waste water treatment and cost. When using hydrochloric acid, it is preferable to add 2 times to 4 times the number of moles of (Fe + Ni) moles of nickel-containing raw materials, and to add 1-2 times the number of moles of (Fe + Ni) when sulfuric acid is used. .
- metal acid reactions such as the following reaction formulas (7) and (8) proceed.
- nickel and iron are selectively dissolved as ions, and Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , Cr 2 O 3 , and the like contained in the nickel-containing raw material hardly dissolve by acid and are obtained as a solid residue. Therefore, the nickel-containing solution obtained by the leaching step and the residue of the solid phase are very easy to be separated by filtration, so that a solution containing iron and nickel can be obtained by separating with a solid-liquid separator such as a filter press or a decanter. .
- high purity nickel can be obtained by removing the Fe component from the solution.
- the iron removal is performed by adjusting the pH of the solution to the range of 2.5-5.5 when the air is blown Fe is converted into iron hydroxide to produce orange iron hydroxide, which can be separated by filtering the iron and nickel.
- a solvent extraction method may be used to separate iron and nickel ions.
- the iron component leached in the acid treatment process is removed in the filtration separation step, by treating the iron-containing solution to be removed can be recycled by recycling the magnet.
- the iron-containing solution is neutralized with an alkaline component such as limestone or slaked lime to adjust the pH of the solution to 9.5 to 10.5, and when an oxygen-containing gas such as air is blown, iron ions are oxidized to produce magnetite. This is represented by the following formulas (9) and (10).
- the magnetite obtained in this way can be used as a raw material of carbon steel.
- the use of hydrochloric acid as the acid can be obtained soluble calcium chloride, when using hydrochloric acid can be separated from the magnetite and calcium chloride can be recycled by-products Thus, the generation of waste can be minimized.
- sulfuric acid since gypsum is formed, magnetite and insoluble gypsum are precipitated at the same time, so it cannot be recycled as a raw material of steel, but it can be recycled as a raw material of cement.
- Limonite ore, sapolite ore and spent iron residues containing nickel iron were dried and ground to a particle size of 0.8 mm on average, and fired at 600 ° C. to prepare a sample.
- Each sample was reduced to 1: 1 mole of hydrogen with respect to the number of moles of (Ni + Fe) in each sample at 725 ° C. to prepare a reducing sample.
- the composition of each reduced sample is shown in Table 1. Each component of the said table is weight%, and remainder is oxygen and trace amounts of Mg, Mn, etc.
- the nickel concentration contained in the acid treatment solution was investigated by Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP).
- the nickel concentration in the acid treatment solution (acid treatment solution 1) of the limonite reduction sample was 4.3 g / l, and the saffolite reduction sample was
- the nickel concentration in the acid treatment solution (acid treatment solution 2) was 6.4 g / l, and the nickel concentration in the acid treatment solution (acid treatment solution 3) of the catalyst residue reduction sample was 11.5 g / l.
- the nickel recovery rate by ferronickel precipitation according to the mixing ratio of the acid treatment solution and the reducing sample was calculated by examining the nickel concentration by ICP.
- the mixing ratio of the acid treatment solution and the reducing sample and the nickel recovery were calculated as follows, and the results are shown in Table 2.
- reaction formula (3) it is difficult to precipitate dissolved nickel ions with high recovery rate using a reducing sample having a low iron content in an acid treatment solution having a Ni concentration of less than 5 g / l. This is because reaction such as reaction formula (3) must occur in order for nickel to be substituted and precipitated, because the diffusion rate of reaction formula (3) is sharply lowered when the concentration of nickel is small.
- the reduced ore input for the concentration of nickel has an Fe / Ni ratio of 3 or more, and specifically, it is advantageous to use limonite having a high Fe content.
- the limonite ore was dried and then ground to a particle size of 0.8 mm, calcined at 600 ° C., and then reduced to hydrogen at 725 ° C. to prepare a reducing sample.
- Water was added to this reducing sample in a weight ratio of 1: 2 to prevent oxidation of the reducing sample, and then an acid having a concentration of 12% was added thereto.
- the acid was acid treated by changing the ratio of the number of moles of acid to the number of moles of Fe in the reducing sample ([H +] / [Ni + Fe]) as shown in Table 3.
- the iron ion leached and the precipitated ferronickel metal were separated and filtered from the resulting acid treatment solution to remove the iron-containing solution to obtain a ferronickel concentrate. (1st enrichment order)
- the nickel recovery rate was calculated according to the formula described in Example 1 from the relationship between the total nickel content in the reduction sample and the content of lost nickel, and then the nickel recovery rate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Comparative Example 4 and Inventive Example 5 having an acid input ratio of 0.5 or less, since nickel ions were not detected in the iron-containing solution to be separated and removed, the nickel recovery was 100%. However, in the case of Comparative Example 4 having a low acid loading ratio, since the dissolved amount of iron removed from the injected ore was 10.9 g, the actual nickel concentration in the ferronickel concentrate was small compared to the iron concentration. On the other hand, in the case of Inventive Example 5, the iron dissolved amount was 27 g, which is significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 4, indicating that the nickel recovery rate is also high. Therefore, it is more preferable that acid input ratio is high in the range which nickel recovery rate is ensured.
- Comparative Example 5 it can be seen that when the acid input ratio exceeds 1.8 and the nickel recovery rate decreases, the analysis shows that the total Fe residual amount, including about 15 g of Fe remaining as a metal in the solution, is 27 g. From this, it can be seen that the dissolved amount of iron is about 84 g or more, because the iron is excessively dissolved and there is no sufficient amount of metal Fe in the solution to precipitate nickel ions. That is, it is because the effect of reducing the ratio of Fe / Ni of Example 1 is small and nickel precipitation is not enough, and some Ni is eluted. On the other hand, the reason why the Fe in the sample does not all become the metal Fe is because the Fe reduction rate is not 100%, because the acid dissolution and the oxidation reaction of Fe by oxygen in the solution proceed partially during the leaching reaction.
- the ratio of the number of moles of acid to the number of moles of (Fe + Ni) in the acid treatment solution is less than the equivalent ratio for acid dissolution so that Fe is not excessively dissolved during acid treatment from a reduced nickel-containing sample containing less nickel. If less is added, that is, if it is added at a molar ratio of 0.5-1.5 for hydrochloric acid and 0.25-0.75 for sulfuric acid, only Fe is leached after the acid dissolution reaction, and the remaining Fe causes a substitution precipitation reaction of nickel ions to precipitate Ni. Can be concentrated.
- a limonite reduction sample obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 was prepared, and water was added to the reducing sample 180 in a weight ratio of 1: 2 so that the reduction sample was not oxidized.
- the slurry of the ferronickel concentrate and the slurry of the reducing sample were mixed and acid-treated by adding 1 mole-time hydrochloric acid at a concentration of 12% based on the number of moles of (Fe + Ni) in the mixed slurry.
- the ferronickel concentrate obtained in Inventive Example 8 was concentrated by ferronickel in the same manner as in Inventive Example 8 to obtain tertiary and quaternary concentrated ferronickel concentrates (Invention Examples 9 and 10).
- the nickel content in the fourth concentrated ferronickel concentrate according to Inventive Example 10 was examined by ICP, and the nickel content was 6.5% by weight. It can be seen that the concentration is more than three times compared to the reducing sample of limonite.
- the theoretical concentration of nickel should be at least 12%, but the concentration of nickel is smaller because the acid insoluble substances SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Cr 2 O 3 in addition to nickel are concentrated together with the nickel concentrate.
- Sintered lime was added to the iron-containing solution removed from the acid treatment solution of Example 2 to adjust the pH of the solution to 10, and then air was oxidized to obtain an iron compound.
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Abstract
Description
| Ni | Fe | Mg | Al | |
| 리모나이트 | 1.76 | 61.9 | 1.4 | 2.5 |
| 사프로라이트 | 2.57 | 18.7 | 13.5 | 0.7 |
| 폐 촉매 잔사 | 4.8 | 3.5 | 0.1 | 35.5 |
| 산 처리 용액 No. | 첨가된환원시료 | 철/니켈혼합비 | 슬러리 농도(g/L) | 니켈 회수율 | |
| 비교예 1 | 1 | 리모나이트 | 3 | 20 | 60% |
| 발명예 1 | 1 | 리모나이트 | 9 | 63 | 95% |
| 비교예 2 | 2 | 사프로라이트 | 2 | 68 | 45% |
| 비교예 3 | 3 | 폐촉매 | 1 | 328 | 35% |
| 발명예 2 | 2 | 리모나이트 | 3 | 31 | 85% |
| 발명예 3 | 1 | 리모나이트 | 5 | 92 | 86% |
| 발명예 4 | 3 | 리모나이트 | 4 | 74 | 93% |
| 광석투입량(g) | 농축 차수 | 산 종류 | 산 투입비 | Ni 회수율 | |
| 비교예 4 | 180 | 1차 | 염산 | 0.2 | 100% |
| 발명예 5 | 180 | 1차 | 염산 | 0.5 | 100% |
| 발명예 6 | 180 | 1차 | 염산 | 1 | 99% |
| 비교예 5 | 180 | 1차 | 염산 | 1.8 | 83% |
| 발명예 7 | 180 | 1차 | 황산 | 0.5 | 99% |
| 광석투입량 | 농축 차수 | 산 종류 | 산투입비 | Ni 회수율 | |
| 발명예 8 | 180/2 +180 | 2차 | 염산 | 1 | 99% |
| 발명예 9 | (180+180/2)/2+180 | 3차 | 염산 | 1 | 98% |
| 발명예 10 | ((180+180/2)+180)/2+180 | 4차 | 염산 | 1 | 97% |
Claims (15)
- 니켈 철 함유 원료를 환원한 후 물을 가하여 슬러리화하는 슬러리화 단계;상기 슬러리에 상기 니켈 철 함유 원료 내의 (Fe+Ni) 몰수에 대하여 0.5-1.5배 몰수의 염산 또는 0.25-0.75배 몰수의 황산을 투입하여 환원된 상기 니켈 철 함유 원료를 산으로 처리하는 산 처리 단계; 및상기 산 처리 용액 내에 환원된 니켈 철 함유 원료를 혼합하는 단계를 포함하되,상기 환원된 니켈 철 함유 원료는 상기 산 용액 내에 니켈이 5g/l 미만 용해되어 있는 경우에는 상기 용액 내의 전체 니켈 몰수에 대하여 5배 초과 10배 이하 몰수의 금속 철을 갖는 것이며, 상기 산 용액 내에 니켈이 5g/l 이상 용해되어 있는 경우에는 상기 용액 내의 전체 니켈 몰수에 대하여 2.5배 이상 5배 이하 몰수의 금속 철을 갖는 것임을 특징으로 하는 니켈 철 함유 원료로부터 니켈을 농축하는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 고형분 슬러리에 혼합되는 환원된 니켈 철 함유 원료는 리모나이트 광석을 환원한 것임을 특징으로 하는 니켈 철 함유 원료로부터 니켈 농축물을 회수하는 방법.
- 니켈 철 함유 원료를 환원한 후 물을 가하여 슬러리화하는 슬러리화 단계;상기 슬러리화 단계에서 얻어진 환원된 니켈 철 함유 원료의 슬러리에 상기 환원된 니켈 철 함유 원료 내의 (Fe+Ni) 몰수에 대한 0.5-1.5배 몰수의 염산 또는 0.25-0.75배의 황산을 투입하여 페로니켈 석출 및 철 침출 반응을 동시에 일으키는 산 처리단계; 및상기 산 처리단계에서 얻어진 용액으로부터 페로니켈을 포함하는 고형분을 여과 분리하여 철 함유 용액을 제거하는 여과 분리단계를 포함하는 니켈 철 함유 원료로부터 니켈 농축물을 회수하는 방법.
- 제 3항에 있어서, 상기 여과 분리단계의 페로니켈을 포함하는 고형분을 슬러리화하여 상기 환원된 니켈 철 함유 원료와 혼합하여 슬러리화하고, 상기 산 처리단계 및 여과 분리단계를 수행하여 페로니켈을 농축하는 농축단계를 더욱 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈 철 함유 원료로부터 니켈 농축물을 회수하는 방법.
- 제 4항에 있어서, 상기 농축단계는 페로니켈 농축물의 고형분 중량에 대하여 니켈의 농도가 5-20중량%일 때까지 반복하여 수행하는 것임을 특징으로 하는 니켈 철 함유 원료로부터 니켈 농축물을 회수하는 방법.
- 제 3항에 있어서, 상기 산은 페로니켈 석출 및 철 침출 반응 후의 최종 pH가 1-6이 되도록 투입하는 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈 철 함유 원료로부터 니켈 농축물을 회수하는 방법.
- 제 1항 내지 제 6항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 니켈 함유 원료는 니켈 광석을 건조하고, 1mm 이하의 입자사이즈로 분쇄하고, 그리고 250-850℃에서 소성하여 얻어진 것임을 특징으로 하는 니켈 철 함유 원료로부터 니켈 농축물을 회수하는 방법.
- 제 1항 내지 제 6항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 환원은 수소 함유 가스를 환원가스로 사용하여 니켈 철 함유 원료를 550-950℃의 온도에서 환원하는 것임을 특징으로 하는 니켈 철 함유 원료로부터 니켈 농축물을 회수하는 방법.
- 제 8항에 있어서, 상기 수소 함유가스는 수소만을 포함하는 가스이거나, 또는 질소와 수소의 혼합 가스인 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈 함유 원료로부터 니켈 농축물을 회수하는 방법.
- 제 1항 내지 제 6항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 니켈 농축물에 포함된 니켈의 함량이 페로니켈 농축물의 고형분 중량의 5-20중량%일 때, 수세 여과한 후 건조하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈 함유 원료로부터 니켈 농축물을 회수하는 방법.
- 제 10항의 방법으로 회수된 니켈 농축물을 산으로 용해하여 니켈을 침출한 후 여과함으로써 고농도 니켈 용액을 얻는 단계; 및상기 고농도 니켈 용액으로부터 철을 제거하는 단계를 포함하는 니켈 함유 원료로부터 고순도 니켈을 회수하는 방법.
- 제 11항에 있어서, 상기 산은 염산이며, 상기 니켈 농축물 중의 (Fe+Ni) 몰수의 2-4배의 몰수로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고순도 니켈을 회수하는 방법.
- 제 11항에 있어서, 상기 산은 황산이며, 상기 니켈 농축물 중의 (Fe+Ni) 몰수의 1-2배의 몰수로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고순도 니켈을 회수하는 방법.
- 제 11항에 있어서, 상기 철을 제거하는 단계는 상기 고농도 니켈 용액의 pH를 2.5-5.5의 범위로 조절하면서 산소 함유 가스를 취입하여 수산화철을 생성시키고, 생성된 수산화철을 여과하거나, 또는 용매 추출법에 의해 행하는 것임을 특징으로 하는 고순도 니켈을 회수하는 방법.
- 제 3항의 상기 여과 분리단계에서 제거되는 철 함유 용액에 알칼리 성분을 첨가하여 용액의 pH가 9.5 내지 10.5로 조절하고, 산소 함유 가스를 취입하여 산화시켜 마그네타이트를 생성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 철 함유 용액의 재활용 방법.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201180067565.6A CN103370428B (zh) | 2010-12-15 | 2011-12-13 | 从含镍原材料富集回收镍铁的方法,从富集镍铁回收镍的方法,以及对由其生产的含铁溶液进行再利用的方法 |
| AU2011341872A AU2011341872B2 (en) | 2010-12-15 | 2011-12-13 | Method for enrichment-recovering ferronickel from raw material containing nickel, method for recovering nickel from enriched ferronickel, and method for recycling solution containing iron produced from same |
| PH1/2013/501249A PH12013501249A1 (en) | 2010-12-15 | 2011-12-13 | Method for enrichment-recovering ferronickel from raw material containing nickel, method for recovering nickel from enriched ferronickel, and method for recycling solution containing iron produced from same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR20100128249A KR101203731B1 (ko) | 2010-12-15 | 2010-12-15 | 니켈 함유 원료로부터 페로니켈을 농축 회수하는 방법, 상기 농축된 페로니켈로부터 니켈 농축물을 회수하는 방법 및 상기 방법에서 발생하는 철 함유 용액을 재활용하는 방법 |
| KR10-2010-0128249 | 2010-12-15 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2012081897A2 true WO2012081897A2 (ko) | 2012-06-21 |
| WO2012081897A3 WO2012081897A3 (ko) | 2012-10-04 |
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| PCT/KR2011/009602 Ceased WO2012081897A2 (ko) | 2010-12-15 | 2011-12-13 | 니켈 함유 원료로부터 페로니켈을 농축 회수하는 방법, 상기 농축된 페로니켈로부터 니켈을 회수하는 방법 및 상기 방법에서 발생하는 철 함유 용액을 재활용하는 방법 |
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| KR (1) | KR101203731B1 (ko) |
| CN (1) | CN103370428B (ko) |
| AU (1) | AU2011341872B2 (ko) |
| PH (1) | PH12013501249A1 (ko) |
| WO (1) | WO2012081897A2 (ko) |
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| KR101439626B1 (ko) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-09-15 | 주식회사 포스코 | 니켈 제련 공정 중의 잔사 슬러지 수세액을 이용한 페로니켈 회수 방법 |
| KR101403209B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-03 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | 니켈제련 방법 |
| KR101372622B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-03-26 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | 니켈 광석으로부터 NMC(Ni-Co-Mn) 수산화물을 제조하는 방법 |
| KR101403185B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-11 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | 니켈 제련 부산물 재활용 방법 |
| KR101537068B1 (ko) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-07-15 | 주식회사 포스코 | 유효금속의 회수 방법 |
| KR102287827B1 (ko) * | 2014-06-26 | 2021-08-10 | 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 | 천연 광물을 기반으로 하는 촉매 및 이를 이용한 가스화 방법 |
| KR101630947B1 (ko) * | 2014-10-17 | 2016-06-16 | 주식회사 포스코 | 산 투입 조절에 의해 향상된 니켈의 산 침출 방법 및 이를 이용한 페로니켈의 회수방법 |
| KR101654198B1 (ko) | 2014-12-30 | 2016-09-05 | 엘에스니꼬동제련 주식회사 | 저품위 니켈광석 제련시 발생하는 폐액으로부터 코발트 및 니켈의 회수방법 |
| CN113802001B (zh) * | 2021-08-13 | 2022-11-22 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | 一种镍铁中回收并提纯镍的方法 |
| KR20250108813A (ko) | 2024-01-08 | 2025-07-16 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 철 회수 방법 |
| KR20250108814A (ko) | 2024-01-08 | 2025-07-16 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 철 회수 방법 |
| KR20250134406A (ko) | 2024-03-04 | 2025-09-11 | 경북대학교 산학협력단 | 니켈카보닐 공법을 이용한 고순도 니켈 제조방법 |
| KR20250134887A (ko) | 2024-03-05 | 2025-09-12 | 경북대학교 산학협력단 | 니켈 제련 방법 |
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| KR100406367B1 (ko) | 1998-12-21 | 2003-12-18 | 주식회사 포스코 | NI함유에칭폐액재활용공정에서발생하는FeNi함유슬러지의재활용방법 |
| JP2001253719A (ja) | 2000-03-08 | 2001-09-18 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | ニッケル含有スラッジからの硫酸ニッケルの回収方法 |
| JP4216626B2 (ja) | 2003-03-20 | 2009-01-28 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | ニッケル含有廃液スラッジからの硫酸ニッケルの回収方法 |
| CN101104885A (zh) * | 2006-06-02 | 2008-01-16 | 李智才 | 一种处理低铁氧化镍矿的常压浸出方法 |
| KR100988462B1 (ko) | 2007-09-21 | 2010-10-20 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | 석유화학 탈황 촉매 재활용 잔사로부터의 철 니켈 함유 원료 및 코발트 함유 원료의 제조방법 및 철 니켈 함유 원료를 이용한 스텐레스 원료의 제조방법 및 페로니켈의 제조방법 |
| CN101255494B (zh) * | 2008-04-11 | 2010-06-02 | 中南大学 | 从低品位红土镍矿中浸出镍钴的方法 |
| CN101559986A (zh) * | 2009-05-14 | 2009-10-21 | 上海一品颜料有限公司 | 四氧化三铁铁黑的生产方法 |
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- 2011-12-13 AU AU2011341872A patent/AU2011341872B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20120066902A (ko) | 2012-06-25 |
| AU2011341872A1 (en) | 2013-07-18 |
| KR101203731B1 (ko) | 2012-11-22 |
| PH12013501249A1 (en) | 2013-07-15 |
| CN103370428A (zh) | 2013-10-23 |
| WO2012081897A3 (ko) | 2012-10-04 |
| AU2011341872B2 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
| CN103370428B (zh) | 2015-06-17 |
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