WO2012073815A1 - リチウム二次電池用負極活物質およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池用負極活物質およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012073815A1 WO2012073815A1 PCT/JP2011/077165 JP2011077165W WO2012073815A1 WO 2012073815 A1 WO2012073815 A1 WO 2012073815A1 JP 2011077165 W JP2011077165 W JP 2011077165W WO 2012073815 A1 WO2012073815 A1 WO 2012073815A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/46—Alloys based on magnesium or aluminium
- H01M4/463—Aluminium based
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/06—Selection or use of additives to aid disintegrating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1395—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery and a method for producing the same, and more specifically, a negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery capable of reversibly occluding and releasing Li ions in large quantities and the production thereof.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a secondary battery using a nonaqueous electrolyte obtained by dissolving an electrolyte in an organic solvent, and a secondary battery using a nonaqueous electrolyte such as a polymer electrolyte or a gel electrolyte. .
- Lithium secondary batteries such as lithium ion batteries and lithium polymer batteries have a high energy density and are not only used as main power sources for mobile communication devices and portable electronic devices, but also for large-scale power storage. It is also attracting attention as a power source and an on-vehicle power source.
- a negative electrode of such a lithium secondary battery conventionally, those formed from various carbon materials such as graphite and carbon having a low crystallinity have been widely used.
- a negative electrode made of a carbon material has a low usable current density and an insufficient theoretical capacity.
- graphite which is one of the carbon materials, has a theoretical capacity of only 372 mAh / g, and therefore a higher capacity is desired.
- a negative electrode active material made of a material other than metal Li which is a substance having a discharge capacity larger than that of a general-purpose carbon material.
- elements such as Sn, Si and Ag, nitrides, oxides and the like of these can occlude Li ions to form an alloy with Li ions, and the occlusion amount is much larger than various carbon materials. It is known to show a value.
- a negative electrode active material is an alloy of two or more phases composed of a metal that easily stores and releases Li ions and a metal that does not store and release, and the metal that does not store and release does not store and release Li ions.
- a negative electrode active material intended to suppress the expansion / contraction of the negative electrode during discharge and the cracking or pulverization of the negative electrode due to expansion / contraction has been proposed.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a raw material melt consisting of a Li ion storage phase ⁇ and a phase ⁇ made of an intermetallic compound or a solid solution of an element constituting the Li ion storage phase ⁇ and another element and having a selected composition.
- a negative electrode active material having a structure rapidly quenched and solidified by an atomizing method, a roll rapid cooling method, or the like is described.
- Patent Document 2 discloses Ag, Al, Au, Ca, Cu, Fe, In, Mg, Pd, Pt, Y Zn, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W and an A component that is at least one element selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements, and Ga, A negative electrode made of a composite powder formed by mixing a raw material consisting of a B component, which is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ge, Sb, Si and Sn, and performing mechanical alloying treatment Substances have been described.
- the object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and to increase the amount of occlusion / release of Li ions, thus increasing the charge / discharge capacity and reducing the capacity decrease due to repeated charge / discharge.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery and a method for producing the same, which can achieve a longer cycle life.
- the present invention comprises the following aspects in order to achieve the above object.
- a lithium secondary battery comprising a powder formed by performing etching in this order on both sides of a foil made of Al having a purity of 90% by mass or more and cutting the etching foil in this order.
- Negative electrode active material
- the powder formed by cutting the etching foil contains particles having a plurality of holes that are open on the surface and have a hole diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m or more.
- the particle size of all the particles is 5 to 150 ⁇ m
- the pore size of the particles having pores is 0.5 to 15 ⁇ m
- the ratio of the pore size to the particle size (pore size / particle size) of the particles having pores is 0.
- etching foil made by etching both sides of a foil made of Al having a purity of 90% by mass or more and having a porous layer on both sides is cut into powder.
- the thickness is 200 ⁇ m or less
- the hole diameter of the etching holes in both porous layers is 0.5 to 15 ⁇ m
- the total opening area of all the etching holes in both porous layers is the surface area of both surfaces of the etching foil.
- a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery in which a mixed material containing the negative electrode active material, the conductive additive and the binder described in 1) above is attached on a current collector.
- a lithium secondary battery comprising the negative electrode described in 8) above, a separator, and a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery.
- the negative electrode active material for lithium secondary batteries of 1) to 4) above a step of etching the both surfaces of a foil made of Al having a purity of 90% by mass or more, and a step of cutting the etching foil Therefore, particles having a plurality of holes opened on the surface are included in the powder formed by cutting the etching foil. Accordingly, the volume change of the negative electrode active material during charging / discharging is reduced, and the volume change of the negative electrode active material during charging / discharging is increased. Separation of substances from conductive aids and binders can be effectively suppressed, and capacity reduction due to repeated charging and discharging is reduced, and the cycle life of lithium secondary batteries is extended. Will be possible. The reason is estimated as follows.
- a lithium secondary battery having a negative electrode formed from the negative electrode active materials 1) to 4) above Li ions enter into the pores of the particles during charging, and a compound containing Li ions is formed in the pores.
- a compound containing Li ions is formed in the gap formed between the particles of the powder of the negative electrode active material, and the expansion of the negative electrode active material during charging can be suppressed.
- the shrinkage of the negative electrode active material when Li ions exit from the negative electrode active material during discharge is reduced. As a result, it is estimated that the volume change of the negative electrode active material during charging / discharging is reduced.
- the lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode formed from the negative electrode active materials 1) to 4) described above is compared with the lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode formed from the negative electrode active materials made of various carbon materials.
- a large amount of Li ions can be occluded / released, and the charge / discharge capacity is increased.
- the volume change at the time of charging / discharging of the lithium secondary battery using the negative electrode formed from the negative electrode active material is further effectively reduced. be able to.
- the negative electrode active materials 2) to 4) can be easily produced.
- FIG. 1 shows particles constituting the negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 shows pores formed in the particles of the negative electrode active material for the lithium secondary battery of FIG. 3 shows an apparatus for cutting the etching foil to form a powder that becomes the negative electrode active material for the lithium secondary battery of FIG. 1
- FIG. 4 is formed using the negative electrode active material for the lithium secondary battery of FIG. 1 shows an example of a lithium secondary battery having a negative electrode formed.
- a negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery is formed by performing an etching foil forming step by etching both surfaces of an Al foil having a purity of 90% by mass or more and a step of cutting the etching foil in this order.
- Made of powder means that the thickness is 0.006 to 0.2 mm as defined in JIS.
- “Powder” means an aggregate of particles having a maximum dimension of 1 mm or less, as defined in JIS Z2500.
- the powder constituting the negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes particles having various shapes. As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of pores (2) that are open on the surface and have a pore diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m or more. It is preferable that particles (1) having) are contained. This is because if the pore diameter is less than 0.5 ⁇ m, Li ions cannot penetrate into the inside of the pores (2), and the occlusion amount of Li ions may be reduced.
- the upper limit of the pore diameter of the pores (2) of the particles (1) is preferably 15 ⁇ m. In order to have a hole (2) having a pore diameter of 15 ⁇ m, it is necessary to make the particle diameter of the particle (1) larger than 150 ⁇ m.
- the total opening area of all the pores (2) to the surface of the particles (1) in each particle (1) having the pores (2) is 10% or more of the surface area of each particle (1) having the pores (2). It is preferable that When the total area of the openings of all the pores (2) to the surface of the particles (1) is less than 10% of the surface area of each particle (1) having the pores (2), they enter the pores (2). This is because the amount of occlusion of Li ions may be reduced. In particles having a plurality of holes (2), at least some of the holes (2A) may be through-holes.
- the particle diameter of all the particles (1) is preferably 5 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the particle diameter exceeds 150 ⁇ m when mixed with a conductive additive and a binder in producing a negative electrode, it does not form an appropriate paste, and coating on the current collector may be difficult.
- the particles (1) having the pores (2) if the particle size of the particles (1) is less than 5 ⁇ m, the pores (2) having a pore size of 0.5 ⁇ m or more cannot be formed.
- the ratio of pore diameter to particle diameter is preferably less than 0.1.
- the term “hole diameter” means the area of the hole (2) as shown in FIG. It shall mean the equivalent circle diameter represented by the diameter (D) of a circle (C) equal to the area.
- a plurality of holes (2) may be bonded. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 2 (b) and (c), the area of each bonded hole (2) is reduced.
- the equivalent circle diameter represented by the diameter (D) of the circle (C) equal to this area is referred to as the hole diameter.
- the powder which comprises the negative electrode active material for lithium secondary batteries may contain the particle
- the etching foil used for forming the negative electrode active material was limited to the one obtained by etching both surfaces of the foil made of Al having a purity of 90% by mass or more. This is to increase the amount of Li ion occlusion / release, but it is particularly preferable to be made of Al having a purity of 99.9% by mass or more. In this case, the initial charge / discharge capacity of the lithium secondary battery using the negative electrode formed of the negative electrode active material can be increased, and a decrease in capacity due to repeated charge / discharge can be reduced.
- the etching foil used to form the negative electrode active material is etched on both sides, a porous layer is formed on both sides, but the etching foil is formed on the porous layer of the etching foil.
- the hole diameter of the etching holes is preferably 0.5 to 15 ⁇ m, and more preferably 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m.
- the term “hole diameter” means that the area of the etching hole is equal to this area.
- a plurality of etching holes may be bonded.
- the area of each bonded etching hole is equivalent to a circle represented by the diameter of a circle equal to this area.
- the diameter is referred to as the hole diameter.
- the depth of the etching hole of etching foil is not specifically limited, It is preferable that at least one part etching hole of all the etching holes is a through-hole which penetrated etching foil. Moreover, it is preferable that the sum total of the opening area to the etching foil surface of all the etching holes is 10% or more of the surface area of both surfaces of the etching foil on both surfaces of the etching foil.
- the thickness of the etching foil is preferably 200 ⁇ m or less. When the thickness of the etching foil exceeds 200 ⁇ m, cutting becomes difficult.
- the thickness of the etching foil is more preferably 50 to 150 ⁇ m. In this case, the production efficiency of the particles (1) having the above-mentioned particle diameter is excellent.
- Conditions such as the hole diameter of the etching hole of the etching foil and the ratio of the total opening area of all the etching holes to the surface area of the etching foil depend on the condition of the Li ions into the pores of the powder particles formed by cutting the etching foil. It is determined from the viewpoint of absorbing the occlusion amount, the expansion of the negative electrode during charging of the lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode made of the negative electrode active material, and the contraction of the negative electrode during discharge.
- an etching foil for example, a material satisfying the above-mentioned conditions can be used from those commercially available as an electrode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
- an etching foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is formed with an anodized film corresponding to the operating voltage, but the hole diameter is determined so that the hole is not crushed by this anodized film.
- the etching foil for use does not satisfy the conditions such as the hole diameter of the etching foil forming the negative electrode active material of the present invention having different purposes of use and the opening area of the etching hole.
- the same conditions as the etching foil for forming the powder that is the negative electrode active material of the present invention, that is, the thickness, the hole diameter of the etching hole, and the etching foil surface of all the etching holes There are those having a ratio of the total opening area to the surface area of the etching foil.
- the etching foil used to form the negative electrode active material is, for example, an Al foil having a purity of 90% by mass or more, preferably an Al foil having a purity of 99.9% by mass or more, and desirably an Al foil having a purity of 99.99% by mass or more.
- the purity of the Al foil used for producing the etching foil is low, the foil surface is dissolved during etching, and the desired etching hole is difficult to be formed. As described above, the purity of the Al foil used is high. Desirable. Similarly, when the ratio of the crystal grains having the (100) face is low in the total crystal grains of the Al foil used to produce the etching foil, the foil surface dissolves during etching and desired etching holes are formed. Therefore, as described above, it is desirable that the ratio of the crystal grains having the (100) plane is higher among all the crystal grains of the Al foil.
- the purity of the Al foil represents the balance obtained by subtracting the total amount of Fe, Si and Cu from 100% by mass, as defined in JIS H4170.
- the etching is not limited to direct current etching, and may be alternating current etching or chemical etching, or at least two of these three types of etching are appropriately performed. You may carry out combining in order.
- etching foil used for forming the negative electrode active material it is preferable to use an unformed foil whose surface is not subjected to a chemical conversion treatment.
- a method of cutting finely with a blade is preferable, and the method of tearing or knocking may cause the opening to the particle surface of the formed powder to be crushed Therefore, it is not preferable.
- a method of finely cutting using a blade there is a method of using an apparatus including a movable blade and a fixed blade, rotating the movable blade at a high speed, and cutting with the fixed blade.
- a screen of powder particles formed by cutting the etching foil by arranging a screen having a large number of sieves below the movable blade and the fixed blade and appropriately adjusting the size of the sieves.
- the size of the particles that have passed through the sieves can be 5 to 150 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a specific example of an apparatus for cutting an etching foil.
- the housing (21) of the cutting device (20) is provided with a cutting chamber (22) and a powder recovery chamber (23) located below the cutting chamber (22).
- the housing (21) is provided with an etching foil inlet (24) facing the cutting chamber (22) and a powder recovery port (25) facing the powder recovery chamber (23). It can be freely opened and closed by means of lids (26) and (27) which are detachably attached to.
- a plurality of rotations attached to the rotating body (28) at intervals in the rotating direction of the rotating body (28) and the rotating body (28) A rotary cutting machine (30) having a blade (29) is installed.
- a plurality of fixed blades (31) are attached to the housing (21) so that the front end portion is desired in the cutting chamber (22). Then, when the rotating body (28) is rotated, the etching foil is cut by the rotating blade (29) and the fixed blade (31).
- a screen (32) having a plurality of sieves is arranged between the cutting chamber (22) and the powder recovery chamber (23) in the housing (21) of the cutting device (20).
- the size of the sieve of the screen (32) is adjusted so that only particles having a particle size of 150 ⁇ m or less can pass through.
- a cutting apparatus when the etching foil is introduced from the inlet (24) and then the inlet is closed by the lid (26) and the rotating body (28) is rotated, the rotary blade (29) and the fixed blade (31) The etching foil is cut until it becomes a particle having a size passing through the sieve of the screen (32), and particles having a particle size of 150 ⁇ m or less pass through the sieve of the screen (32) and enter the powder recovery chamber (23). enter. Thereafter, the lid (27) is opened, and the powder composed of particles having a particle size of 150 ⁇ m or less is taken out from the powder collection chamber (23). In this way, a negative electrode active material is obtained.
- the negative electrode active material is used for, for example, a coin-type lithium secondary battery (10) as shown in FIG.
- the coin-type lithium secondary battery (10) is sandwiched between a negative electrode (12), a positive electrode (13) facing the negative electrode (12), and a negative electrode (12) and a positive electrode (13) in a case (11).
- the separator (14) and a non-aqueous electrolyte (not shown) are enclosed.
- the negative electrode (12) is obtained by adhering a mixture (16) containing a negative electrode active material, a conductive additive and a binder on a current collector (15).
- a current collector for example, a rolled copper foil or a copper foil such as an electrolytic copper foil is used.
- a conductive assistant ketjen black or acetylene black is used, but is not limited thereto.
- the binder polyvinylidene fluoride is used, but is not limited thereto.
- the positive electrode (13) for example, a material made of LiCoO 2 is used as an active material, and a material in which a mixture of the active material, a conductive additive and a binder is attached on a current collector made of aluminum foil is used.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- Li ions enter the pores (2) of the particles (1) of the negative electrode active material contained in the negative electrode (12), and Li ions are contained in the pores (2).
- a compound containing Li ions is formed in the gap, particles of the negative electrode active material during charging ( Expansion of 1) can be suppressed. Further, since the expansion during charging is suppressed, the shrinkage of the particles (1) when Li ions exit from the particles (1) of the negative electrode active material during discharging is also reduced.
- the initial charge / discharge capacity of the lithium secondary battery (10) is increased, and the capacity reduction due to repeated charge / discharge is reduced.
- the negative electrode active material according to the present invention is used in a coin-type lithium secondary battery.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and known lithium secondary batteries such as a square type, a cylindrical type, and a laminate type are used. Used for secondary batteries.
- the particle diameter of the particles in the obtained negative electrode active material was in the range of 1 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the pores confirmed at the foil stage remained.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- Comparative Example A high-purity annealed Al foil having a purity of 99.99% by mass was shredded by a shredder apparatus and then pulverized by a pulverizer to produce a negative electrode active material made of powder.
- the particle diameter of the particles in the obtained negative electrode active material was in the range of 1 to 50 ⁇ m.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- the model battery was charged at a constant current of 0.2 mA / cm 2 until reaching 1 V, and rested for 10 minutes, and then discharged at a constant current of 0.2 mA / cm 2 until reaching 0 V. This was defined as one cycle, and charging / discharging was repeated to examine the discharge capacity.
- Table 1 shows the number of cycles and the discharge capacity in the model batteries produced in the examples and comparative examples.
- the model battery produced in the example has a higher initial discharge capacity than the model battery produced in the comparative example, and the discharge capacity after 100 cycles has decreased sufficiently. It can be seen that this value is maintained. Therefore, in the model battery manufactured in the example, the cycle life is extended as compared with the model battery manufactured in the comparative example.
- the negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to the present invention is suitably used for a negative electrode of a lithium secondary battery, and it is possible to achieve a long cycle life of the lithium secondary battery.
Abstract
Description
(2):孔
(10):リチウム二次電池
(12):負極
(13):正極
(14):セパレータ
市販の中高圧(170V以上の電解コンデンサ用陽極)用に両面エッチングが施されたAl箔を、シュレッダー装置により小片化した後、さらに粉砕装置により粉砕し、粉末からなる負極活物質をつくった。得られた負極活物質中の粒子の粒径は1~50μmの範囲内であった。また、電子顕微鏡により負極活物質の粒子を観察したところ、箔の段階で確認された孔が、残存していた。
純度99.99質量%の高純度焼鈍Al箔を、シュレッダー装置により小片化した後、さらに粉砕装置により粉砕し、粉末からなる負極活物質をつくった。得られた負極活物質中の粒子の粒径は1~50μmの範囲内であった。
実施例および比較例において作製したモデル電池について、負極の評価を次の方法で行った。
Claims (9)
- 純度が90質量%以上のAlからなる箔の両面をエッチングしてエッチング箔をつくる工程、および当該エッチング箔を切断する工程をこの順序で行うことにより形成された粉末からなるリチウム二次電池用負極活物質。
- エッチング箔を切断して形成された粉末中に、表面に開口しかつ孔径が0.5μm以上である複数の孔を有する粒子が含まれており、孔を有する粒子におけるすべての孔の粒子表面への開口面積の合計が、当該孔を有する各粒子の表面積の10%以上である請求項1記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質。
- すべての粒子の粒径が5~150μmであり、孔を有する粒子の孔径が0.5~15μmであり、孔を有する粒子における粒径に対する孔径の比(孔径/粒径)が0.1未満である請求項2記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質。
- エッチング箔に形成されたすべてのエッチング孔のうち少なくとも一部のエッチング孔が貫通孔である請求項1記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質。
- 純度が90質量%以上のAlからなる箔の両面をエッチングすることによりつくられかつ両面に多孔質層を有するエッチング箔を、切断して粉末とすることを特徴とするリチウム二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。
- エッチング箔として、厚みが200μm以下、両多孔質層におけるエッチング孔の孔径が0.5~15μm、両多孔質層におけるすべてのエッチング孔の開口面積の合計が、それぞれエッチング箔の両面の表面積の10%以上であり、すべてのエッチング孔のうちの少なくとも一部のエッチング孔が貫通孔となっているものを用いる請求項5記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。
- エッチング箔として、厚みが50~150μmであるものを用いる請求項6記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。
- 集電体上に、請求項1に記載された負極活物質、導電助剤および結着剤を含む混合物質が付着されているリチウム二次電池用負極。
- 請求項8記載の負極と、セパレータと、リチウム二次電池用正極とを備えているリチウム二次電池。
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WO2013132996A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-05 | 2013-09-12 | 昭和電工株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質およびその製造方法 |
WO2013161733A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-24 | 2013-10-31 | 昭和電工株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質およびその製造方法 |
WO2013164972A1 (ja) * | 2012-05-01 | 2013-11-07 | 昭和電工株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質およびその製造方法 |
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WO2013132996A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-05 | 2013-09-12 | 昭和電工株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質およびその製造方法 |
CN103999271A (zh) * | 2012-03-05 | 2014-08-20 | 昭和电工株式会社 | 锂二次电池用负极活性物质及其制造方法 |
CN103999271B (zh) * | 2012-03-05 | 2016-06-22 | 昭和电工株式会社 | 锂二次电池用负极活性物质及其制造方法 |
WO2013161733A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-24 | 2013-10-31 | 昭和電工株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質およびその製造方法 |
JP2013229111A (ja) * | 2012-04-24 | 2013-11-07 | Showa Denko Kk | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質およびその製造方法 |
WO2013164972A1 (ja) * | 2012-05-01 | 2013-11-07 | 昭和電工株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質およびその製造方法 |
JP2013232358A (ja) * | 2012-05-01 | 2013-11-14 | Showa Denko Kk | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質およびその製造方法 |
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