WO2012073524A1 - 防護面構造 - Google Patents
防護面構造 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012073524A1 WO2012073524A1 PCT/JP2011/051901 JP2011051901W WO2012073524A1 WO 2012073524 A1 WO2012073524 A1 WO 2012073524A1 JP 2011051901 W JP2011051901 W JP 2011051901W WO 2012073524 A1 WO2012073524 A1 WO 2012073524A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- protective surface
- impact force
- buffer
- net
- sand
- Prior art date
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
- E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
- E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
- E01F7/045—Devices specially adapted for protecting against falling rocks, e.g. galleries, nets, rock traps
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a protective surface structure used for protection against falling rocks, landslides, and avalanches.
- a rock shed for example, Patent Document 1
- a pillar, a beam material, and a roof material are mainly used, and earth and sand are laid on the uppermost layer of the roof portion, damage caused by falling rocks, etc.
- the plate-like foam blocks are stacked in multiple layers on the upper surface of the inclined roof, and the corrosion-resistant nets are laid on the foam blocks, and the top of the corrosion-resistant nets.
- a protective surface structure in which lightweight concrete or mortar is placed for example, Patent Document 2
- a plurality of H-shaped steel wall materials on the front surface of a fence column installed at intervals in the lateral direction of the slope.
- a protective fence for example, Patent Document 3
- a cushioning member such as a rubber tire on the mountain side of these wall materials
- the cushion material is provided with a protective structure (for example, Patent Document 4) formed of chips obtained by pulverizing old tires, and columns are provided at predetermined intervals.
- the horizontal rope material is moored in a state that allows horizontal sliding between the horizontal rope materials, both ends of the horizontal rope material are fixed, and between the supports are shielded by a wire net that is hooked on the horizontal rope material,
- a tension equal to or greater than the set tension is applied to the horizontal rope material by the surplus length part formed by polymerizing the rope material in the middle of the rope material and the clamping tool that clamps the surplus length part with a constant force
- Patent Document 5 an impact absorbing fence in which a buffer portion that absorbs tension by extending an extra length while maintaining a constant frictional force has been proposed.
- JP-A-6-173221 Japanese Utility Model Publication No.54-3826 JP-A-1-214830 JP-A-9-221720 JP-A-9-184116 JP 2009-102855 A
- Patent Document 1 absorbs impact force such as falling rocks by earth and sand
- Patent Document 2 absorbs impact force such as falling rocks by a polystyrene foam block
- Patent Document 3 absorbs attack force such as falling rocks by a rubber tire.
- the attack force such as falling rocks is absorbed by chips obtained by pulverizing old tires.
- cushioning materials such as earth and sand, polystyrene foam, rubber tires and rubber chips are applied to the hard roof and wall materials.
- the impact absorbing effect cannot be effectively improved because the shock absorbing material absorbs the impact force by plastic deformation.
- the horizontal rope material maintains a constant frictional force when a tension higher than the set tension acts on the horizontal rope material. In this way, the extra length can be extended to absorb the impact force.
- a protective surface structure provided with a shock absorber is difficult to install because it involves a large amount of deformation when absorbing impact force.
- the shock absorber does not have a restoring force, attention must be paid to maintenance after the rope material slides.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a protective surface structure having an excellent impact absorption effect by a structure which has not been conventionally combined with a deformable support surface and a cushioning material.
- the present invention is characterized in that, in the protective surface structure provided with a protective surface supported by a support body, the protective surface is deformable, and a buffer member is disposed on the mountain side of the protective surface.
- the impact force when an impact force such as falling rocks is received by combining the deformable protective surface and the buffer member, the impact force can be effectively absorbed by the deformation of the buffer member and the deformation of the protective surface. it can.
- the protective surface is deformed after the impact force is applied to the buffer member, the deformation of the protective surface is small.
- the mesh body when an impact force is applied, the mesh body is deformed to absorb the impact force.
- the present invention is characterized in that the protective surface is a net.
- the mesh body 4 when the impact force is received, the mesh body 4 is deformed to absorb the impact force.
- this invention is characterized by the said buffer member having a granular material.
- the shock absorbing member when an impact force is received, the granular material moves, and the shock absorbing member is deformed as a whole to absorb the impact force.
- the present invention is characterized in that the granular material is at least one selected from the group of sand, earth and stone.
- the shock absorber when receiving an impact force, at least one type of granular material selected from the group of sand, earth and stone moves, and the shock absorber absorbs the impact force by deformation as a whole. Moreover, since sand, earth, and stone with large specific gravity are used for the buffer member, the impact force absorbing effect accompanying the movement of the buffer member is improved.
- the granular material is sand
- the buffer member is a buffer bag body in which the sand is packed in a bag body
- the plurality of buffer bag bodies are arranged on the mountain side of the protective surface. It is characterized by that.
- the sand in the bag moves and the shock absorbing member is deformed to absorb the shock force, and the shock absorbing force applied from the shock absorbing member to the protective surface deforms the protective surface.
- the impact force can be absorbed, and thus the impact force can be effectively absorbed by the buffer member and the deformable protective surface.
- the present invention is characterized in that the buffer member is a structure in which the granular material is piled up on the mountain side of the protective surface.
- the buffer structure when receiving an impact force, the buffer structure is deformed to absorb the impact force, and the protective surface is deformed by the impact force applied to the protective surface from the buffer structure to absorb the impact force.
- the impact force can be effectively absorbed by the buffer structure and the deformable protective surface.
- the present invention is characterized in that the granular material is a stone, the buffer member is a gabion filled with a stone in a gutter body, and a plurality of gabions are arranged on the mountain side of the protective surface. .
- the gabion when an impact force is received, the gabion is deformed to absorb the impact force, and the protective surface is deformed by the impact force applied to the protective surface from the gabion to absorb the impact force.
- the impact force can be effectively absorbed by the deformable protective surface.
- the present invention is a support column in which the support is erected at intervals, and the protective surface is provided between the support columns.
- the protective surface is provided between the support columns, it is possible to improve the shock absorbing power in the protective fence.
- the present invention is characterized in that the protective surface includes a plurality of rope members provided between the support columns.
- the impact force can be effectively absorbed by the deformation of the buffer member and the deformation of the plurality of rope members.
- the present invention is characterized in that the cushioning material is disposed on the protective surface.
- the protective surface that can be deformed by the weight of the cushioning material is bent downward by a predetermined amount, so that the tensile force applied to the support column from the protective surface is reduced and the impact force is applied. At this time, the force applied to the support can be reduced.
- the impact force when an impact force such as falling rocks is received by combining the deformable protective surface and the buffer member, the impact force can be effectively absorbed by the deformation of the buffer member and the deformation of the protective surface. It is possible to provide a protective surface structure excellent in the effect of absorbing impact force.
- FIG. 1 It is a top view of the protection body provided with the protection surface structure of Example 1 of this invention. It is a top view of the protection body of the state which received the falling rock same as the above. It is front explanatory drawing same as the above. It is a side view same as the above. It is a front view of a wire net same as the above. It is an enlarged front view of the principal part of a wire net same as the above. It is a top view of the state which attached the wire net to the mount frame same as the above. It is a side view of the state which attached the wire net to the mount frame same as the above. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the fulcrum reaction force of Test Example S and time, and the relationship between the weight impact force and time.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the fulcrum reaction force and time and the relationship between the weight impact force and time in Comparative Example N.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the fulcrum reaction force and time and the weight impact force and time in Test Example D.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between impulse and time of Test Example S. It is a graph which shows the relationship between absorbed energy and displacement same as the above. It is a graph which shows the relationship between fall height and impact force same as the above.
- FIG. 15A is a graph showing the relationship between impact force and time
- FIG. 15A shows the comparative example N-3
- FIG. 15B shows the test example S-3.
- It is a top view of the protection body provided with the protection surface structure of Example 2 of this invention.
- a protective fence 1 which is a protective body such as rock fall, avalanche, collapsed earth and sand is provided with a plurality of columns 3, 3.
- the support columns 3, 3... Arranged in the left-right direction are provided with a net 4 as a protective surface having flexibility between the adjacent support columns 3, 3.
- the installation location is the ground 5 and examples of the support columns 3, 3.
- the lower portions of the pillars 3, 3,... Are built and fixed on the ground 5. Specifically, a drilling hole is formed in the ground 5, and the lower portion of the column 3 is inserted into the drilling hole. After that, the pillar 3 is erected by filling the excavation hole with a filler.
- the support 3 is a support that supports the mesh body 4.
- the mesh body 4 includes a wire net 11 in which a plurality of oblique wire members 12, 12 made of steel wires twisted with steel wires intersect with each other.
- the other oblique wire 12 is inserted into one oblique wire 12 and the other oblique wire 12 is knitted into the one wire 12, and the mesh intersection adjacent in the length direction of the oblique wire 12.
- the intersecting portions 13 that are inserted through the one oblique wire 12 into the other oblique wire 12 and the mesh intersections 13 through which the one oblique wire is inserted into the other oblique wire 12 are alternately arranged.
- one diagonal wire 12 of the wire net 11 is disposed obliquely from the upper left to the lower right, the other oblique wire 12 is disposed in an opposite direction and obliquely directed from the upper right to the lower left, and the oblique wires 12 and 22 are
- the edge of the mesh body 4 has a mesh body folded portion 14 that is folded back at approximately 90 degrees, and the diagonal wires 12 and 12 are continuous at the folded portion 14.
- an edge rope member 15 is provided on the periphery of the wire net 11 in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the edge rope member 15 is inserted through the mesh body folding portion 14.
- one wire net 11 has a width corresponding to the interval between the adjacent columns 3 and 3, and the wire nets 11 are stretched one by one between the adjacent columns 3 and 3.
- the upper and lower left and right corners of the wire net 11 are fixed to the adjacent pillars 3 and 3, and in this case, two places of the upper and lower corners of the edge rope material are fixed to the pillars 3 and 3.
- the mesh body 4 may be formed by overlapping the mesh body 4 (not shown) such as a wire mesh having a mesh smaller than the mesh 16 of the wire net 11 in the mesh body 4.
- the body 4 may be configured.
- a buffer bag body 21 serving as a buffer member is provided on the mountain side Y (slope 2 side) of the net body 4, and a plurality of buffer bag bodies 21 are arranged so as to cover almost the entire protective surface 3.
- the buffer member of this example includes granular materials such as sand, and a plurality of the buffer bag bodies 21 in which the granular materials are filled in a cylindrical bag body are formed.
- the buffer bag body 21 is vertically long and has a substantially cylindrical shape, has a height substantially equal to the upper portion of the support column 3, and a plurality of buffer bag bodies 21 are arranged side by side in the left-right direction without any gaps. Moreover, since the lower surface of the buffer bag body 21 is formed flat, the buffer bag body 21 has a self-supporting property.
- granular material other than sand, various types of granular materials such as sand, earth, stones such as natural stones and crushed stones, wooden pieces, and wood chips can be used, and two or more of them can be selected and mixed. May be used.
- sand, earth or stone which has high compressive strength and does not easily compress and collapse, and at least one selected from the group of sand, earth and stone can be used for the grain.
- the buffer bag body 21 is fixed to the net body 4 by a fixing rope member 22 as fixing means.
- one end 22A of the fixing rope member 22 is connected to the upper end of the wire net 11
- the fixing rope member 22 is wound around the buffer bag body 21 at an angle
- the other end 22B of the fixing rope member 22 is connected to the wire.
- a plurality of oblique fixing rope members 22 are provided.
- one end 22 ⁇ / b> A or the other end 22 ⁇ / b> B of the fixing rope member 22 is connected to the upper end or the lower end of the support column 3.
- the fixing rope member 22 is substantially U-shaped in a plan view.
- the buffer bag body 21 When an impact force such as falling rocks is applied to the mountain side of the mesh body 4 serving as a protective surface, the buffer bag body 21 is deformed to absorb the impact force, and the impact force applied from the buffer bag body 21 to the mesh body 4 causes the mesh body. 4 is deformed to absorb the impact force, and the impact force can be effectively absorbed by the buffer bag body 21 packed with the sand as the buffer material and the deformable net body 4.
- the mesh body 4 when an impact force such as falling rock R is received, the mesh body 4 is deformed and absorbs the impact force, and a plurality of buffer bag bodies 21 move together with the mesh body 4 as shown in FIG. Thus, the impact force is absorbed. Therefore, the impact absorbing effect associated with the movement of the buffer bag body 21 is higher when sand having a higher specific gravity is used as the buffer material than when the specific gravity is lower.
- a substantially rectangular parallelepiped base 101 is formed of steel or the like, and the wire net 11 is stretched over the upper surface opening 102 of the base 101.
- the wire net 11 has a length L of 3 m and a width M of 5 m.
- the edge rope material 15 has a diameter of 30 mm and a tensile strength of 1470 N / mm 2. The diameter is 12 mm, the tensile strength is 1470 N / mm 2 , and the adjacent interval W between the intersecting portions of the oblique wire rods 11 and 11 is 500 mm.
- a fulcrum reaction force measurement load sensor 103 (500 kN) for measuring a reaction force applied to the gantry 101 is disposed at the lower part of the gantry 101, and the load sensor 103 is disposed below the four leg portions 101A of the gantry 101. Each is arranged. Further, the four sides of the wire net 11 are connected to the gantry 101, and a load sensor 104 (500 kN) is disposed at this connection location. Further, a buffer bag body 105 filled with sand as a buffer material is laid on the wire net 11. The buffer bag body 105 was made of sandbags filled with sand having a weight of 15 kN, and six buffer bag bodies 105 were laid on the wire net 11. The wire net 11 is bent due to the weight of the buffer bag body 105.
- Test Examples S-1 to S-10 corresponding to the present invention and Comparative Examples N-1 to N-4 outside the present invention use a weight 106 having a weight of 10 kN in which a mortar is filled in a steel shell, and a wire The height H from the net 11 was set to 3 to 10 m, and the weight 106 was freely dropped from each height.
- Test examples D-1 to D-10 corresponding to the present invention use a weight 106A in which sand of 10 kN in weight is packed in a large sandbag, and the height H from the wire net 11 is 3 to 10 m. The weight 106A was dropped freely from the height.
- a triaxial accelerometer 107 (100G) is disposed at the center of the weight 106.
- the weight 106 assumes falling rocks, and the weight 106A assumes soft earth and sand.
- Comparative Examples N-1 to N-4 were performed using only the wire net 11 without arranging the buffer bag body 105 on the wire net 11.
- Table 1 below shows the height H in Test Examples S-1 to S-10, Comparative Examples N-1 to N-4, and Test Examples D-1 to D-10.
- the load sensor 103 measures the fulcrum reaction force applied to the gantry 101 when the weight is dropped
- the load sensor 104 measures the tension applied to the wire net 11 when the weight is dropped
- the acceleration sensor 107 measures the weight when the weight is dropped. Acceleration was measured, and all measurements sampled data at 5 kHz.
- a high-speed video camera was used to shoot at a speed of 1000 frames per second. In Test Examples D-5 to D-10, since sandbag weight 106A was used, acceleration was not measured.
- the vertical axis represents the weight impact force and the fulcrum reaction force measured by the load sensor 103 of the gantry 101
- the horizontal axis represents time. Changes over time in impact force and fulcrum reaction force are shown.
- the weight impact force is calculated by multiplying the weight acceleration by the weight of the weight
- the fulcrum reaction force is the sum of the response values of the load sensors 103 arranged at four locations every time.
- 11A to 11D show only the fulcrum reaction force.
- the time from the rise of the weight impact force to the maximum value is 0.02 seconds to 0.05 seconds, and the action time is 0.15 seconds to 0.18 seconds. It has become.
- the fulcrum reaction force rises around the time when the weight impact force reaches its maximum value, and its action time is 0.13 to 0.15 seconds. Further, the maximum value is slightly smaller than the weight impact force.
- the weight impact force has a longer time from the rise of the load to the maximum value than the test example S, and is about 0.07 seconds to 0.12 seconds. It has become.
- the maximum value is 135 kN to 276 kN, which is larger than that of Test Example S.
- the value of Comparative Example N-3 is 263 kN, which is 1.37 times the value of 192 kN of Test Example S-3.
- the weight impact force of Comparative Example N-4 shows a smaller value than that of Comparative Example N-3. This is considered to be because energy was absorbed by the breakage of the wire net 11.
- the action time of the fulcrum reaction force decreases as the drop height increases, and is 0.08 to 0.16 seconds.
- Test Examples D-5 to D-10 the weight impact force was not measured because the weight 106A made of sandbag was dropped.
- FIGS. 11A to 11D the waveforms of Test Examples S-5 to S-10 are also shown by broken lines in order to compare the weights.
- the maximum value and the action time are almost the same, and the waveform shape is also similar.
- the deviation in the rising time of the fulcrum reaction force is a deviation in the measurement start time and is not related to the rising time from the collision. From this, in the case of a flexible support surface in which the buffer bag body 21 which is a large sandbag is installed on the wire net 11, the impact object is a heavy weight 106 and a weight 106A made of sandbag. It became clear that there was no dominant difference in the response of the fulcrum reaction force.
- 12A to 12F show changes over time in impulses in Test Examples S-5 to S-10.
- the impulse is calculated by integrating the weight impact force with time.
- Test Examples S-5 to S-10 are about 10% to 20% larger than the initial momentum m ⁇ v of the weight at the time of collision.
- the weight and initial momentum are almost the same because the weight penetrates the buffer sand and there is almost no rebound.
- the limit of the wire net 11 since the limit of the wire net 11 has not been reached, the weight rebounds due to the relatively slow elastic behavior of the wire net 11, indicating a slightly large value.
- 13A and 13B show the relationship between absorbed energy and displacement.
- the displacement is calculated by integrating the acceleration twice over time, and the absorbed energy is calculated by integrating the load by the displacement, and is expressed by an area surrounded by the load and the displacement relationship.
- the gradient between the displacement and the displacement energy relationship tends to increase slightly as the drop height increases. This is presumed to be due to the effect of the sand being compacted because the falling of the weight was gradually increased.
- the absorbed energy is almost proportional to the displacement.
- Comparative Examples N-1 to N-4 there is no change in the energy absorption gradient due to the drop height.
- Comparative Example N-4 the energy is constant and the displacement increases, and then the displacement increases relatively again from the position where the displacement is about 0.75 m. This is because the wire net 11 is broken. It is.
- the weight 106 is about 1 m in the buffer bag body 21 in the test example S-10 having a drop height of 10 m. Although it penetrated, the deformation of the entire wire net 11 was about 93 mm at the maximum. On the other hand, when the buffer bag body 21 is not installed, the wire net 11 is broken at a drop height of 4 m, and it can be seen that the buffer bag body 21 can also suppress local damage of the wire net 11.
- Table 2 shows the maximum values of the weight impact force and fulcrum reaction force of Test Example S and Comparative Example N.
- the response ratio in the table indicates the ratio obtained by dividing the weight impact force, which is an input load, by the fulcrum reaction force, which is a transmission load.
- Comparing Comparative Example N-3 and Test Example S-3 in which the collision speed of the weight, that is, the collision energy is the same, the maximum value of the weight impact force dropped directly on the wire net 11 is as follows. About 70% of Comparative Example N-3 and the maximum value of the fulcrum reaction force is about 60% of Comparative Example N-3, and it is considered that the impact force was reduced by the buffering effect of sand.
- FIG. 14 shows the relationship between drop height and impact force.
- the handbook formula in the figure is calculated from the impact force formula in the Falling Rock Countermeasure Handbook (Publisher: Japan Road Association 2000).
- FIG. 15 shows the natural period from the fulcrum reaction force response waveforms of Comparative Example N-3 and Test Example S-3. It can be seen that Comparative Example N-3 vibrates at a short cycle after the weight collision. This is presumed to be the vibration of the loading platform 101. In Test Example S-3, it vibrates in 0.3 seconds after the collision, and it can be seen that the natural period is much longer than that in Comparative Example N-3.
- T 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (M / k) (2)
- T natural period (sec)
- M mass (t)
- k spring constant (kN / m).
- Table 3 shows the calculated value calculated by multiplying the maximum displacement calculated from the high-speed video image by the spring constant and the fulcrum reaction force obtained in the experiment. It can be seen that the calculated values are almost the same as the experimental values except for Test Example S-5 where the weight collides with an inclination.
- the net body 4 in the protective surface structure provided with the net body 4 as the protective surface supported by the support body, the net body 4 can be deformed, and the buffer bag body 21 as the buffer member is provided on the mountain side of the net body 4. Since it is arranged, when the deformable net body 4 and the buffer bag body 21 are combined, when an impact force such as a falling rock R is received, the impact force is effectively reduced by the deformation of the buffer bag body 21 and the deformation of the protective surface. Can be absorbed. In this case, since the mesh body 4 is deformed after the impact force is applied to the buffer bag body 21, deformation of the protective surface is small. Further, since the mesh body 4 is deformed after the impact force is applied to the buffer bag body 21, the deformation of the mesh body 4 can be reduced.
- the protective surface is a mesh body, when the impact force is applied, the mesh body 4 is deformed to absorb the impact force.
- the buffer member has sand which is a granular material, when the impact force is received, a plurality of sands move and the buffer bag body 21 is deformed as a whole to absorb the impact force. can do.
- the granular material is at least one selected from the group of sand, earth and stone
- at least one selected from the group of sand, earth and stone is used.
- the impact force is absorbed.
- sand, earth, and stone with large specific gravity are used for the buffer bag body 21, the impact force absorption effect accompanying the movement of the buffer bag body 21 is improved.
- the granular material is sand
- the buffer member is a buffer bag body 21 in which the sand is packed in a bag body
- the net body 4 serving as a protective surface for the plurality of buffer bag bodies 21.
- the support body is the support column 3 that is erected at an interval and the net body 4 that is a protective surface is provided between the support columns 3, the shock absorbing force in the protection fence 1 is increased. Can be improved.
- the fixing rope material 22 is provided as a fixing means for fixing the buffer bag body 21 to the wire net 11 of the net body 4, the buffer bag body 21 can be prevented from moving. Further, since the buffer nets 21 are arranged side by side without any gap, a reliable buffer effect can be obtained.
- 16 to 18 show a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- a concrete foundation 31 is provided on the ground 5 below the slope 2 as an installation location, and the columns 3, 3... Are erected on the concrete foundation 31, and the column 3 is replaced with the column 3. , 3... Are provided in multiple stages, and the protective surface 33 is constituted by the horizontal rope members 32, 32.
- the horizontal rope members 32, 32 may be provided with a net (not shown) such as a wire mesh having a mesh smaller than the vertical distance between the horizontal rope members 32, 32.
- a cushioning material is provided on the mountain side Y (slope 2 side) of the protective surface 33.
- the buffer member in this example is the buffer bag body 21, and the buffer bag body 21 is arranged on the crest side of the protective surface 33 as in the first embodiment.
- the buffer bag body 21 is fixed to the lateral rope members 32, 32...
- fixing rope members 23 which are fixing means provided in upper and lower stages.
- the fixing rope member 23 is wound around the buffer bag body 21 in a substantially U shape, and both ends of the fixing rope member 23 are connected and fixed to the horizontal rope member 32.
- the fixing rope member 23 is multi-staged. Is provided. Further, in the buffer bag body 21 along the support column 3, one end of the fixing rope member 23 is connected to the support column 3. Further, the fixing rope member 23 may be wound around the buffer bag body 21 in an annular shape, and the fixing rope member 23 may be inserted into the grid of the oblique wire members 12 and 12 and connected to the oblique wire members 12 and 12. In this example, both ends of one fixing rope member 23 are substantially at the same height.
- the buffer bag body 21 When an impact force such as falling rock R is received on the mountain side of the protective surface 33, the buffer bag body 21 is deformed to absorb the impact force, and the protective surface 33 is applied by the impact force applied to the protective surface 33 from the buffer bag body 21.
- the impact force can be absorbed by the deformation, and the impact force can be effectively absorbed by the shock-absorbing bag body 21 packed with the sand as the shock-absorbing member and the deformable protective surface 33.
- the protective surface structure including the protective surface 33 supported by the support column 3
- the protective surface 33 can be deformed, and the buffer bag body 21 as a buffer member is disposed on the protective surface 22.
- the support body is the support column 3 standing at intervals, and the protective surface 33 is provided between the support columns 3, 3..., The same operations and effects as those of the first embodiment are achieved.
- the buffer bag body 21 can be stably fixed to the protective surface 33.
- the buffer bag body 21 ⁇ / b> A in this example is horizontally long and has a substantially square cross-sectional shape.
- the buffer bag body 21 ⁇ / b> A has a substantially square vertical cross-sectional shape, and has a length corresponding to the interval between the support columns 3 and 3.
- the plurality of buffer bag bodies 21A are stacked up to the height of the protective surface 33, the upper and lower buffer net bodies 21A and 21A are connected to each other, and each buffer bag body 21A is fixed to the net body 4 by fixing means. Moreover, the buffer bag bodies 21A and 21A adjacent to each other in the left-right direction of the protective fence 1 are also fixed. This fixed position is in front of the column 3.
- the buffer bag body 21A When an impact force such as falling rock R is received on the mountain side of the protective surface 33, the buffer bag body 21A is deformed to absorb the impact force, and the protective surface 33 is applied by the impact force applied to the net body 4 from the buffer bag body 21A.
- the impact force can be absorbed by the deformation, and the impact force can be effectively absorbed by the shock-absorbing bag body 21 packed with the sand as the shock-absorbing member and the deformable protective surface 33.
- the protective surface 33 when receiving the impact force, the protective surface 33 is deformed to absorb the impact force, and the impact force is absorbed by the movement of the plurality of buffer bag bodies 21A together with the net body 4. Accordingly, the use of sand having a higher specific gravity than that having a lower specific gravity has a higher impact absorbing effect associated with the movement of the buffer bag body 21A.
- the protective surface structure including the protective surface 33 supported by the support column 3
- the protective surface 33 can be deformed, and the buffer bag body 21 as a buffer member is disposed on the protective surface 22.
- the support body is the support column 3 standing at intervals, and the protective surface 33 is provided between the support columns 3, 3..., The same operations and effects as those of the first embodiment are achieved.
- 21 to 24 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which the same reference numerals are given to the same portions as those of the above-described embodiments, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the support column 3 and the net 4 have the same configuration as that of the first embodiment.
- the buffer member of this example is a buffer bank 45 that is a buffer structure 45 that is filled with at least one kind of granular material 41 selected from the group of sand, earth, and stone, and is provided along the mountain side Y of the net body 4.
- a material 42 and a front wall surface material 43 provided at a distance from the rear wall surface material 42 are provided, and thereafter, a filling space between the front wall surface materials 42 and 43 is filled with the granular material 41.
- the rear wall material 42 and the front wall material 43 are each composed of a plurality of divided surface materials 42A and 43A divided in the height direction, and the divided wall materials 42A and 43A are stacked one above the other so as to overlap the rear wall material 42 and the front wall material 42.
- a wall surface material 43 is formed.
- the divided face members 42A and 43A can also be divided in the left-right direction. Further, a sheet-like reinforcing material 44 such as a geotextile is disposed in the filling space between the overlapping portions of the divided surface materials 42A and 43A, and the soil 41 filled with the sheet-like reinforcing material 44 is reinforced.
- the sheet-shaped reinforcing member 44 has a rear portion connected and fixed to the rear wall surface material 42 and the wire net 11, and a front portion connected and fixed to the front wall material 43.
- a concrete plate, an iron plate, an expanded metal, a wire net, or the like is used for the front wall materials 42, 43, and when using an expanded metal or a wire net, a sucking prevention member such as a vegetation sheet may be disposed in an overlapping manner. Good.
- the divided surface materials 42A and 43A are arranged one by one, the sand 41 is filled and compacted between the divided surface materials 42A and 43A, and the sheet-like reinforcing material 44 is disposed on the compacted sand layer, Thereafter, the divided surface materials 42A and 43A are arranged on the first stage after the construction, and the granular material 41 is filled and compacted between the divided surface materials 42A and 43A, and the layer of the compacted granular material 41 is formed.
- the sheet-like reinforcing material 44 is arranged on the top, and this is repeated to construct the buffer embankment 45 as the structure up to the height of the support column 3.
- the side surface material 46 is provided in the left-right direction edge part of the buffer embankment 45.
- the buffer embankment 45 is deformed and absorbs the impact force, and the mesh body 4 is deformed by the impact force applied to the mesh body 4 from the buffer embankment 45.
- the impact force can be absorbed, and thus the impact force can be effectively absorbed by the buffer embankment 45 and the deformable net 4.
- the cushioning member may be formed of wood pieces or wood chips.
- the protective surface 33 is deformable in the protective surface structure including the protective surface 33 supported by the support column 3, and the buffer embankment 45 serving as the buffer structure is disposed on the protective surface 33.
- the support is the support column 3 standing at an interval, and the protection surface 33 as a protection surface is provided between the support columns 3, 3. Play.
- the buffer member is the embankment 45 that is a structure in which granular materials are piled on the mountain side of the protective surface 33
- the buffer embankment 45 is deformed and absorbs the impact force.
- the protective surface 33 is deformed by the impact force applied to the protective surface 33 from the buffer embankment 45 and absorbs the impact force, and thus the impact force is effectively absorbed by the buffer embankment 45 and the deformable protective surface 33. be able to.
- a buffer embankment 45 is provided on the mountain side of the protective surface 33, and the buffer embankment 45 is filled with sand 41 compacted between the front wall materials 42 and 43 later. Therefore, a uniform buffering effect is obtained and the buffering effect is excellent.
- FIG. 25 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which the same reference numerals are given to the same portions as those of the above-described embodiments, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- a foamable synthetic resin block 47 is arranged at the approximate center of the front wall members 42 and 43, and the layer of the granular material 41 filled before and after the resin block 47 is used.
- a buffer member is constituted by a buffer embankment 45 in which a foamable synthetic resin block 47 is disposed.
- the foamable synthetic resin of the foamable synthetic resin block 47 include foamed polystyrene, foamed polyethylene, foamed polypropylene, and foamed urethane.
- the buffer embankment 45 When the impact force such as the falling rock R is received on the mountain side of the mesh body 4, the buffer embankment 45 is deformed and absorbs the impact force, and the impact force applied to the mesh body 4 from the buffer embankment 45 deforms the mesh body 4. Thus, the impact force can be effectively absorbed by the buffer embankment 45 and the deformable net 4 in this way. Since it comprises the foamable synthetic resin block 46, the impact absorbing effect is improved.
- the net body 4 in the protective surface structure including the net body 4 as the protective surface supported by the support column 3 as the support body, the net body 4 can be deformed, and the wooden fence as a buffer material is disposed on the net body 4.
- the support is a support column 3 standing at an interval, and a net 4 serving as a protective surface is provided between the support columns 3, 3. There is an effect.
- the cushioning material is a foaming synthetic resin
- the foaming synthetic resin block 47 can be plastically deformed to absorb the impact force.
- a gabion 48 is used as a buffer member, and the gabion 48 is formed by filling a cave body 49 with stones such as cobblestones and chestnuts, and the gutter body 49 has an upper surface, a lower surface, and four side surfaces made of a wire mesh or the like. Have.
- the main body 49 is horizontally long and has a substantially rectangular cross section, and has a length corresponding to the distance between the support columns 3 and 3.
- a plurality of gabions 48 are stacked up to the height of the protective surface 33, the upper and lower gabbits 48, 48 are connected to each other, and each gabion 48, 48 is fixed to the net 4 by fixing means. Moreover, the gabions 48 and 48 adjacent to each other in the left-right direction of the protective fence 1 are also connected. This connecting position is in front of the column 3.
- the gabion 48 is deformed and absorbs the impact force, and the protection surface 33 is deformed and impacted by the impact force applied to the protection surface 33 from the gabion 48.
- the force can be absorbed, and the impact force can be effectively absorbed by the gabion 48 clogged with the stone as the granular material and the deformable protective surface 33.
- the protective surface structure including the protective surface 33 supported by the support column 3
- the protective surface 33 can be deformed, and the mesh body 4 is provided with the gabion 48 serving as a buffer member. Since the support body is the support column 3 erected at an interval and the protective surface 33 is provided between the support columns 3, 3..., The same operations and effects as the above-described embodiments are achieved.
- the granular material is stone
- the buffer member is the gabion 48 in which the gutter body 49 is filled with stone
- the plurality of gabions 48 are arranged on the mountain side of the protective surface 33.
- Embodiment 7 of the present invention in which the same reference numerals are given to the same portions as those in the above-mentioned embodiments, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the present invention is applied to a protective body 50 having a roof that protects roads, buildings, and the like from falling rocks R, landslides, and avalanches.
- a road 51 as a passage is provided at the lower part of the slope 2 of the mountain, and a concrete wall body 52 as a support is constructed at the lower part of the slope 2.
- the wall body 52 integrally has a leg portion 53 at a lower portion thereof, and the leg portion 53 protrudes toward the road 51 and is embedded in a lower portion of the road.
- a main girder 54 is provided at a predetermined interval in the length direction of the road 51.
- the main girder 54 is made of a steel pipe, a precast concrete beam, or the like, and a base end is fixed to the upper part of the wall body 52 and protrudes to the road side.
- the front end is a free end, and is disposed obliquely so that the front end side is higher.
- a diagonal member 55 connects the lower end of the main girder 54 to the wall 52 and the diagonal member 55 is made of a steel pipe or a precast concrete beam, and supports the front end side of the main girder 54.
- a net 4 serving as a protective surface provided with the wire nets 11 and 11 is stretched between the main girders 54 and 54, and both sides of the wire nets 11 and 11 are constituent members of the roof 57.
- the main girder 54 is connected and fixed.
- the buffer member in this example is a buffer bag body 21B in which a granular bag material such as sand is filled in a cylindrical bag body.
- the buffer bag body 21B has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. In this example, a cubic bag is used, and the buffer bag body 21B is laid on the net body 4 without any gaps.
- the load of the buffer bag body 21A is applied to the net body 4, the amount of deflection of the net body 4 is maximized between the main girders 54 and 54, and thus the net body 4 is preliminarily set by the load of the buffer bag body 21A. The bending is introduced into.
- Patent Document 6 a predetermined amount of bending is formed on the rope material by the bending introduction means.
- the wire net 11 is placed on the lower side due to the weight of the buffer bag body 21B. Therefore, the force applied to the main girder 54 of the protective body 50 can be reduced.
- Each buffer bag body 21B is fixed to the wire net 11 by fixing means (not shown).
- the fixing means a fixing tool for fixing the bag to the wire net 11 or a fixing rope material for winding and fixing the bag body 21B. It can be used, connected and fixed to the wire net 11 such as a band previously sewn in a bag, or various means can be used.
- a buffer layer 56 is provided on the upper portion of the wall body 52, and the buffer layer 56 is made of a sand cushion material, a foamable synthetic resin block, or the like.
- the main girder 54, the mesh body, and the buffer bag body 21B constitute a roof 57. In this case, if the water-impervious sheet (not shown) is placed on the mesh body 4 so as to overlap, the roof 57 can be waterproof.
- a deformable protective surface 50 is provided between the main girders 54, 54, and a roof material made of a hard material is not provided as in the prior art.
- a protective surface structure of the present invention when applying the protective surface structure of the present invention to the roof of an existing protective structure, it is only necessary to provide a protective surface structure above the roof, in this case, between the upper surface of the roof and the protective surface, An interval may be provided so that the protective surface subjected to the impact force can be deformed.
- the buffer bag body 21A When an impact force such as falling rock R is applied to the upper surface side that is the mountain side of the mesh body 4 serving as a protective surface, the buffer bag body 21A is deformed to absorb the impact force and is applied to the mesh body 4 from the buffer bag body 21B.
- the mesh body 4 is deformed by the impact force to absorb the impact force, and the shock force can be effectively absorbed by the buffer bag body 21B packed with granular materials such as sand and the deformable mesh body 4 in this way. it can.
- the net 4 in the protective surface structure provided with the net 4 as the protective surface supported by the main girder 54 as the support, the net 4 can be deformed, and the net 4 is clogged with sand as a buffer material.
- the buffer bag body 21A is disposed, the support body is the protective body 50, and the net body 4 serving as a protective surface is provided between the main girders 54, 54. Has the same action and effect as the example.
- the buffer bag body 21A as the buffer material is arranged on the net body 4 as the protective surface, the wire net 11 is bent by a predetermined amount by the weight of the buffer bag body 21B. Therefore, the force applied to the main girder 54 of the protective body 50 can be reduced.
- the protective surface is inclined by 45 degrees or more with respect to the vertical from the viewpoint of introducing the bending to the net body 4.
- the net body can have various shapes.
- the deformable protective surface is preferably configured by combining steel rope materials such as the wire net and the horizontal rope material of the embodiment, but the material of the rope material can be appropriately selected.
- one side (mountain side) of the roof is supported by the support, but both sides (mountain side and anti-mountain side) of the roof may be supported by the respective supports.
- a gabion may be arranged on the protective surface.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
P=2.108・(m・g)2/3・H3/5・λ2/5・・・(1)
ここで、m:落石の質量(t),g:重力加速度9.806m/sec2,H:落下高さ(m),λ:ラーメ定数(kN/m2)である。
T=2・π・√(M/k)・・・(2)
ここで、T:固有周期(sec),M:質量(t),k:ばね定数(kN/m)である。Mは構造体の応答を考える場合、適切な量を設定し、有効質量と呼ばれる。
k=M/T2・(2・π)2=9/0.32・(2・π)2=3943kN/m・・・(3)
ここで、T:固有周期 0.3(sec),k:ワイヤネットのばね定数(kN/m),M:有効質量9.0(t)である。
2 斜面
3 支柱(支持体)
4 網体(防護面)
11 ワイヤーネット
21 緩衝袋体
21A 緩衝袋体
21B 緩衝袋体
31 コンクリート基礎
32 横ロープ材
33 防護面
41 粒状物
45 緩衝盛土(構造体)
48 蛇籠
50 防護体
54 主桁(支持体)
Claims (15)
- 支持体により支持した防護面を備えた防護面構造において、前記防護面が変形可能であり、前記防護面の山側に緩衝部材を配置したことを特徴とする防護面構造。
- 前記防護面が網体であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の防護面構造。
- 前記緩衝部材が粒状物を有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の防護面構造。
- 前記緩衝部材が粒状物を有することを特徴とする請求項2記載の防護面構造。
- 前記粒状物が砂,土及び石の群から選んだ少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項3記載の防護面構造。
- 前記粒状物が砂,土及び石の群から選んだ少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項4記載の防護面構造。
- 前記粒状物が砂であり、前記緩衝部材が前記砂を袋体に詰めた緩衝袋体であり、複数の前記緩衝袋体を前記防護面の山側に並べたことを特徴とする請求項5記載の防護面構造。
- 前記粒状物が砂であり、前記緩衝部材が前記砂を袋体に詰めた緩衝袋体であり、複数の前記緩衝袋体を前記防護面の山側に並べたことを特徴とする請求項6記載の防護面構造。
- 前記緩衝部材が前記防護面の山側に前記粒状物を盛った構造体であることを特徴とする請求項5記載の防護面構造。
- 前記緩衝部材が前記防護面の山側に前記粒状物を盛った構造体であることを特徴とする請求項6記載の防護面構造。
- 前記粒状物が石であり、前記緩衝部材が籠本体に石を詰めた蛇籠であり、複数の前記蛇籠を前記防護面の山側に並べたことを特徴とする請求項5記載の防護面構造。
- 前記粒状物が石であり、前記緩衝部材が籠本体に石を詰めた蛇籠であり、複数の前記蛇籠を前記防護面の山側に並べたことを特徴とする請求項6記載の防護面構造。
- 前記支持体が間隔を置いて立設した支柱であり、前記支柱間に前記防護面が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の防護面構造。
- 前記支持体が間隔を置いて立設した支柱であり、前記支柱間に前記防護面が設けられ、前記防護面は、前記支柱間に設けた複数のロープ材を備えることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載の防護面構造。
- 前記防護面上に前記緩衝材を配置したことを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか1項記載の防護面構造。
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US13/060,307 US20120132876A1 (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2011-01-31 | Guard surface structure |
KR1020127014639A KR20130079309A (ko) | 2010-11-30 | 2011-01-31 | 방호면 구조 |
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JP2010267700A JP4890639B1 (ja) | 2010-11-30 | 2010-11-30 | 防護面構造 |
JP2010-267700 | 2010-11-30 |
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WO2012073524A1 true WO2012073524A1 (ja) | 2012-06-07 |
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PCT/JP2011/051901 WO2012073524A1 (ja) | 2010-11-30 | 2011-01-31 | 防護面構造 |
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JP (1) | JP4890639B1 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR20130079309A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW201221727A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012073524A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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CN111335194A (zh) * | 2020-03-22 | 2020-06-26 | 南京正隆顺达高分子材料有限公司 | 一种三层发泡防抛垫 |
Citations (3)
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JPH0626566Y2 (ja) * | 1988-10-18 | 1994-07-20 | 日鐵建材工業株式会社 | 落石防止壁 |
JP2007009439A (ja) * | 2005-06-28 | 2007-01-18 | Yoshida Kouzou Design:Kk | 衝撃吸収柵 |
JP2010144447A (ja) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-07-01 | Yoshida Kozo Design:Kk | 衝撃吸収柵 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS543826U (ja) * | 1977-06-10 | 1979-01-11 | ||
JP3008395B2 (ja) * | 1996-02-16 | 2000-02-14 | 日本サミコン株式会社 | 保護構造物 |
JP3834584B2 (ja) * | 2002-06-05 | 2006-10-18 | 有限会社吉田構造デザイン | 衝撃吸収用堤体 |
JP4708312B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-10 | 2011-06-22 | 株式会社プロテックエンジニアリング | 堤体構造物 |
-
2010
- 2010-11-30 JP JP2010267700A patent/JP4890639B1/ja active Active
-
2011
- 2011-01-31 WO PCT/JP2011/051901 patent/WO2012073524A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-01-31 TW TW100103613A patent/TW201221727A/zh unknown
- 2011-01-31 KR KR1020127014639A patent/KR20130079309A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-01-31 KR KR1020117003790A patent/KR20120075439A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0626566Y2 (ja) * | 1988-10-18 | 1994-07-20 | 日鐵建材工業株式会社 | 落石防止壁 |
JP2007009439A (ja) * | 2005-06-28 | 2007-01-18 | Yoshida Kouzou Design:Kk | 衝撃吸収柵 |
JP2010144447A (ja) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-07-01 | Yoshida Kozo Design:Kk | 衝撃吸収柵 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111335194A (zh) * | 2020-03-22 | 2020-06-26 | 南京正隆顺达高分子材料有限公司 | 一种三层发泡防抛垫 |
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JP2012117277A (ja) | 2012-06-21 |
KR20120075439A (ko) | 2012-07-06 |
JP4890639B1 (ja) | 2012-03-07 |
KR20130079309A (ko) | 2013-07-10 |
TW201221727A (en) | 2012-06-01 |
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