WO2012046706A1 - 誘電体薄膜の成膜方法 - Google Patents
誘電体薄膜の成膜方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012046706A1 WO2012046706A1 PCT/JP2011/072805 JP2011072805W WO2012046706A1 WO 2012046706 A1 WO2012046706 A1 WO 2012046706A1 JP 2011072805 W JP2011072805 W JP 2011072805W WO 2012046706 A1 WO2012046706 A1 WO 2012046706A1
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- thin film
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007736 thin film deposition technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02612—Formation types
- H01L21/02617—Deposition types
- H01L21/02631—Physical deposition at reduced pressure, e.g. MBE, sputtering, evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
- C23C14/088—Oxides of the type ABO3 with A representing alkali, alkaline earth metal or Pb and B representing a refractory or rare earth metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C14/024—Deposition of sublayers, e.g. to promote adhesion of the coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/35—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/34—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/34—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
- H01J37/3411—Constructional aspects of the reactor
- H01J37/3414—Targets
- H01J37/3426—Material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/34—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
- H01J37/3464—Operating strategies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N30/07—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base
- H10N30/074—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by depositing piezoelectric or electrostrictive layers, e.g. aerosol or screen printing
- H10N30/076—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by depositing piezoelectric or electrostrictive layers, e.g. aerosol or screen printing by vapour phase deposition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G21/00—Compounds of lead
- C01G21/02—Oxides
- C01G21/06—Lead monoxide [PbO]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G25/00—Compounds of zirconium
- C01G25/006—Compounds containing, besides zirconium, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for forming a dielectric thin film.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing piezoelectric characteristics of a (100) / (001) -oriented PZT thin film and a (111) -oriented PZT thin film. It is known that a (100) / (001) -oriented PZT thin film exhibits larger piezoelectric properties than a (111) -oriented PZT thin film.
- a substrate to be formed is a substrate in which a Ti thin film as an adhesion layer and a noble metal thin film as a lower electrode layer are laminated in advance in this order on a Si substrate with a thermal oxide film.
- the noble metal thin film is a Pt or Ir thin film and is preferentially oriented in the (111) plane.
- FIG. 5 shows the temperature change of the heat generating member for heating the substrate.
- the heating member is heated and held at 640 ° C. in the evacuated vacuum chamber, and the substrate is brought to a deposition temperature suitable for forming the PZT thin film.
- the introduced sputtering gas When a sputtering gas is introduced into the vacuum chamber and an AC voltage is applied to the target, the introduced sputtering gas is ionized and turned into plasma. The ions in the plasma sputter the surface of the target, and PZT particles are emitted from the target.
- Some of the PZT particles emitted from the target are incident on the surface of the heated substrate, and a PZT thin film is formed on the noble metal thin film on the substrate.
- the voltage application to the target is stopped and the introduction of the sputtering gas is stopped.
- the temperature of the heat generating member is kept at 400 ° C. to cool the substrate.
- FIG. 6 shows a center portion (Center), an outer edge portion (Edge), and an intermediate portion (Middle) between the center portion and the outer edge portion of the PZT thin film formed on the Pt thin film by a conventional dielectric thin film forming method.
- X-ray diffraction patterns at three locations are shown. It can be seen that the PZT thin film formed is preferentially oriented in the (111) direction. That is, the conventional dielectric thin film forming method has a problem that it is difficult to form a (100) / (001) oriented PZT thin film.
- the present invention was created to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a dielectric thin film forming method capable of forming a (100) / (001) oriented PZT thin film. It is in.
- the present inventors have found that Pb deficiency occurs in the PZT thin film due to the diffusion or re-evaporation of Pb toward the noble metal thin film in the initial stage of the PZT thin film formation, so that TiO 2 is formed. It is assumed that the PZT thin film formed on the TiO 2 / noble metal thin film is preferentially oriented in the (111) direction, and the above object can be achieved by previously forming a PbO seed layer on the noble metal thin film. I found it.
- the present invention which has been made based on such knowledge, sputters by applying a voltage to a target of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) while heating the substrate in a vacuum evacuated vacuum chamber.
- the present invention relates to a method for forming a dielectric thin film, wherein in the seed layer forming step, an emission source containing Pb and O in a chemical structure is heated in the vacuum chamber, and PbO is removed from the emission source.
- the present invention relates to a method for forming a dielectric thin film, wherein in the seed layer forming step, a dielectric that introduces an inert gas that does not react with PbO into the vacuum chamber while releasing PbO gas from the emission source.
- This is a method for forming a thin film.
- the present invention relates to a method for forming a dielectric thin film, wherein in the seed layer forming step, the emission source is heated to a temperature higher than the temperature of the substrate in the film forming step. is there.
- the present invention relates to a method for forming a dielectric thin film.
- the dielectric thin film is formed by heating the emission source to a temperature higher by 50 ° C. than the substrate temperature in the film forming step. It is a membrane method.
- the present invention is a method for forming a dielectric thin film, wherein the substrate has a thin film of a noble metal of either Pt or Ir preferentially oriented in the (111) plane on the surface. .
- a (100) / (001) -oriented PZT thin film can be formed on a (111) -oriented Pt or Ir thin film, a piezoelectric element having a piezoelectric property greater than that of the prior art can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is an internal configuration diagram of the dielectric film forming apparatus 10.
- the dielectric film forming apparatus 10 includes a vacuum chamber 11, a PZT target 21 disposed in the vacuum chamber 11, a substrate holding table 32 that is disposed at a position facing the target 21, and that holds a substrate 31.
- a substrate heating unit 18 for heating the substrate 31 held on the table 32, a sputtering power source 13 for applying a voltage to the target 21, a sputtering gas introducing unit 14 for introducing a sputtering gas into the vacuum chamber 11, and the inside of the vacuum chamber 11
- the first and second deposition preventing plates 34 and 35 are disposed at positions where the PZT particles released from the target 21 are attached.
- a cathode electrode 22 is attached to the wall surface of the vacuum chamber 11 via an insulating member 28, and the cathode electrode 22 and the vacuum chamber 11 are electrically insulated.
- the vacuum chamber 11 is at ground potential.
- the surface of the cathode electrode 22 is exposed in the vacuum chamber 11.
- the target 21 is fixed in close contact with the center of the surface of the cathode electrode 22, and the target 21 and the cathode electrode 22 are electrically connected.
- the sputtering power supply 13 is disposed outside the vacuum chamber 11, is electrically connected to the cathode electrode 22, and is configured to apply an AC voltage to the target 21 via the cathode electrode 22.
- a magnet device 29 is arranged on the opposite side of the cathode electrode 22 from the target 21. The magnet device 29 is configured to form magnetic lines of force on the surface of the target 21.
- the substrate holding base 32 is silicon carbide (SiC) here, the outer periphery is formed larger than the outer periphery of the substrate 31, and the surface is directed to face the surface of the target 21.
- the central portion of the surface of the substrate holder 32 is configured to hold the substrate 31 by electrostatic adsorption.
- the back surface of the substrate 31 is brought into close contact with the center of the surface of the substrate holding table 32, and the substrate 31 is thermally connected to the substrate holding table 32. It has become so.
- the first deposition preventing plate 34 is made of ceramics such as quartz and alumina, and has an inner circumference that is larger than the outer circumference of the substrate 31 so as to cover the outer edge portion that is the outer side of the center portion of the surface of the substrate holder 32. Is arranged. Therefore, the particles emitted from the target 21 do not adhere to the outer edge portion of the surface of the substrate holder 32.
- the back surface of the first deposition preventing plate 34 is in close contact with the outer edge portion of the surface of the substrate holding table 32, and the first deposition preventing plate 34 is thermally connected to the substrate holding table 32.
- the first deposition preventing plate 34 surrounds the outer side of the outer periphery of the substrate 31.
- the second adhesion-preventing plate 35 is made of ceramics such as quartz and alumina, and has an inner circumference that is larger than the outer circumference of the target 21 and the outer circumference of the substrate 31.
- the second deposition preventing plate 35 is disposed between the substrate holder 32 and the cathode electrode 21 and surrounds the side of the space between the substrate 31 and the target 21. Therefore, the particles emitted from the target 21 are prevented from adhering to the wall surface of the vacuum chamber 11.
- the substrate heating unit 18 includes a heat generating member 33 and a heating power source 17.
- the heat generating member 33 is SiC, and is disposed on the opposite side of the substrate holding table 32 from the substrate 31, and the heating power source 17 is electrically connected to the heat generating member 33.
- the heat generating member 33 When a direct current is supplied from the heating power supply 17 to the heat generating member 33, the heat generating member 33 generates heat, the substrate holding table 32 is heated, and the substrate 31 on the substrate holding table 32 and the first deposition plate 34 are connected. It is designed to be heated together.
- the back surface of the substrate 31 is in close contact with the center portion of the surface of the substrate holding table 32 so that heat is evenly transferred from the center portion of the substrate 31 to the outer edge portion.
- a cooling device 38 is disposed on the side of the heat generating member 33 opposite to the substrate holding table 32.
- the cooling device 38 is configured to circulate a temperature-controlled cooling medium therein so that the wall surface of the vacuum chamber 11 is not heated even when the heat generating member 33 generates heat.
- the sputter gas introduction unit 14 is connected to the inside of the vacuum chamber 11 so that the sputter gas can be introduced into the vacuum chamber 11.
- ⁇ Dielectric thin film deposition method> A method for forming a dielectric thin film according to the present invention will be described.
- a Ti thin film as an adhesion layer and a noble metal thin film as a lower electrode layer are previously laminated in this order on a thermal oxide film (SiO 2 ) of a Si substrate.
- the noble metal thin film is a Pt or Ir thin film and is preferentially oriented in the (111) plane.
- a temperature of the substrate 31 (hereinafter referred to as a film formation temperature) suitable for forming a PZT thin film is obtained in advance by tests and simulations.
- an evacuation device 15 is connected in the vacuum chamber 11 to evacuate the vacuum chamber 11. Thereafter, evacuation is continued and the vacuum atmosphere in the vacuum chamber 11 is maintained.
- a dummy substrate different from the substrate 31 to be deposited is carried into the vacuum chamber 11 and placed on the center of the surface of the substrate holder 32. Sputtering of the target 21 is performed to deposit a PZT thin film in advance on the surface of the first deposition preventing plate 34. Next, the dummy substrate is carried out of the vacuum chamber 11 while maintaining the vacuum atmosphere in the vacuum chamber 11.
- the present invention can attach a metal compound containing lead (Pb) and oxygen (O) in the chemical structure (hereinafter referred to as a release source) to the surface of the first deposition preventing plate 34, the vacuum chamber 11.
- a metal compound containing lead (Pb) and oxygen (O) in the chemical structure hereinafter referred to as a release source
- the plate 34 may be used by being carried into the vacuum chamber 11.
- the substrate 31 to be deposited is carried into the vacuum chamber 11, and the noble metal thin film on the surface of the substrate 31 faces the surface of the target 21 in the direction of the substrate holder 32.
- the substrate 31 is held at the center of the surface.
- a cooling medium whose temperature is controlled is circulated in the cooling device 38.
- FIG. 2 shows the temperature change of the heat generating member 33 in the following seed layer forming step and film forming step.
- a seed layer forming step an inert gas that does not react with PbO is introduced into the vacuum chamber 11 from the sputtering gas introduction unit 14.
- Ar gas which is a sputtering gas is used as the inert gas. Thereafter, the introduction of the inert gas is continued.
- a release source containing Pb and O in the chemical structure is heated in the vacuum chamber 11 to release PbO gas from the release source.
- a direct current is passed from the heating power source 17 to the heat generating member 33 to heat the heat generating member 33, and the PZT thin film adhering to the first deposition preventing plate 34 is heated to a temperature higher than the previously determined film forming temperature.
- PbO gas is released from the PZT thin film attached to the first deposition preventing plate 34.
- the PZT thin film adhering to the first deposition preventing plate 34 has a temperature higher by 50 ° C. or more than the previously determined film forming temperature. This is because more PbO gas is released.
- the temperature of the heat generating member 33 is raised to 785 ° C., and the temperature is maintained.
- a PbO seed layer is formed on the noble metal thin film on the surface of the substrate 31 and deposited on the noble metal thin film on the surface of the substrate 31.
- the heat generating member 33 is cooled, and the substrate 31 is brought to the film forming temperature.
- the heat generating member 33 is cooled to 640 ° C., and the temperature is maintained.
- Ar gas which is a sputtering gas
- sputtering gas introducing unit 14 is introduced from the sputtering gas introducing unit 14 into the vacuum chamber 11, and an AC voltage is applied from the power supply 13 to the cathode electrode 22.
- the introduced sputtering gas is ionized and turned into plasma. Ions in the plasma are captured by the magnetic field lines formed by the magnet device 29 and are incident on the surface of the target 21 to blow off PZT particles from the target 21.
- a part of the PZT particles emitted from the target 21 is incident on the surface of the substrate 31. Since a PbO seed layer is formed in advance on the noble metal thin film on the surface of the substrate 31, Pb and O are supplied from the seed layer, and no Pb deficiency occurs in the PZT thin film, and (001) / A (100) oriented PZT film is formed.
- FIG. 3B shows a central portion (Center), an outer edge portion (Edge) of the PZT thin film formed on the Pt thin film by the film forming method of the present invention, and an intermediate portion (Middle) between the central portion and the outer edge portion.
- X-ray diffraction patterns at three locations are shown. From the X-ray diffraction pattern of FIG. 3B, it can be seen that a PZT thin film preferentially oriented in the (100) / (001) direction was formed.
- the voltage application from the power source 13 to the cathode electrode 22 is stopped, and the introduction of the sputtering gas from the sputtering gas introduction unit 14 into the vacuum chamber 11 is stopped. .
- the current supply from the heating power supply 17 to the heat generating member 33 is stopped, the heat generating member 33 is cooled, and the substrate 31 is set to a temperature lower than the film forming temperature. This is because the substrate 31 is transported by the transport robot. Here, the temperature of the heat generating member 33 is lowered to 400 ° C. and the temperature is maintained.
- the film-formed substrate 31 is carried out to the outside of the vacuum chamber 11, and then another non-film-formed substrate 31 is carried into the vacuum chamber 11, and the above-described seed layer forming step And the film forming process are repeated.
- the emission source containing Pb and O in the chemical structure is heated in the vacuum chamber 11 and PbO gas can be emitted from the emission source
- the method is not limited to the method of heating the PZT thin film attached to the adhesion preventing plate 34, and a heat generating member is disposed on the outer circumferential side surface of the second adhesion preventing plate 35 and adhered to the inner circumferential side surface of the second adhesion preventing plate 35.
- the thin PZT film may be heated to release PbO gas. In this case, since the released PbO gas is incident on the surface of the substrate 31 without colliding with the inert gas, the introduction of the inert gas can be omitted.
- a crucible (not shown) is arranged in the vacuum chamber 11 separately from the first deposition plate 34, and a release source such as PZT or PbO is placed in the crucible, and the release source in the crucible is heated to make PbO Gas may be released. If the opening of the crucible is oriented so that the released PbO gas is incident on the surface of the substrate 31, the introduction of the inert gas can be omitted.
- a release source containing Pb and O in the chemical structure is heated in the vacuum chamber 11 to release the gas.
- the method is not limited to the method of releasing the PbO gas from the source, and a PbO gas releasing part (not shown) that is disposed outside the vacuum tank 11 and releases the PbO gas is connected to the inside of the vacuum tank 11, A method is also included in which a PbO gas is introduced into the vacuum chamber 11 to adhere the PbO gas to the surface of the substrate 31.
- the film forming step Since the PZT particles adhere to the emission source, that is, the emission source is replenished, the use efficiency of the film forming material is better than that using the PbO gas emission part.
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Abstract
Description
図4は(100)/(001)配向のPZT薄膜と、(111)配向のPZT薄膜の圧電特性を示すグラフである。(100)/(001)配向のPZT薄膜は、(111)配向のPZT薄膜よりも大きい圧電特性を示すことが知られている。
圧電素子を形成する場合、成膜すべき基板には、熱酸化膜付きSi基板上に、密着層であるTi薄膜と、下部電極層である貴金属の薄膜とがこの順にあらかじめ積層されたものを使用する。貴金属の薄膜はPt又はIrの薄膜であり、(111)面に優先配向している。
真空排気された真空槽内で発熱部材をここでは640℃に昇温保持させ、基板をPZT薄膜の形成に適した成膜温度にする。
すなわち、従来の誘電体薄膜の成膜方法では、(100)/(001)配向したPZT薄膜を形成することが困難であるという問題があった。
本発明は誘電体薄膜の成膜方法であって、前記シード層形成工程では、前記真空槽内で化学構造中にPbとOとを含有する放出源を加熱して、前記放出源からPbOのガスを放出させる誘電体薄膜の成膜方法である。
本発明は誘電体薄膜の成膜方法であって、前記シード層形成工程では、前記放出源からPbOのガスを放出させながら、前記真空槽内にPbOと反応しない不活性ガスを導入する誘電体薄膜の成膜方法である。
本発明は誘電体薄膜の成膜方法であって、前記シード層形成工程では、前記放出源を前記成膜工程での前記基板の温度よりも高い温度に加熱する誘電体薄膜の成膜方法である。
本発明は誘電体薄膜の成膜方法であって、前記シード層形成工程では、前記放出源を前記成膜工程での前記基板の温度よりも50℃以上高い温度に加熱する誘電体薄膜の成膜方法である。
本発明は誘電体薄膜の成膜方法であって、前記基板は表面に(111)面に優先配向したPt又はIrのうちいずれか一方の貴金属の薄膜を有する誘電体薄膜の成膜方法である。
本発明の誘電体薄膜の成膜方法で使用する誘電体成膜装置の構造を説明する。
図1は誘電体成膜装置10の内部構成図である。
カソード電極22の表面は真空槽11内に露出されている。ターゲット21はカソード電極22の表面の中央部に密着して固定され、ターゲット21とカソード電極22とは電気的に接続されている。
カソード電極22のターゲット21とは反対側には磁石装置29が配置されている。磁石装置29はターゲット21の表面に磁力線を形成するように構成されている。
基板保持台32の表面の中央部に基板31を載置させると、第一の防着板34は基板31の外周より外側を取り囲むようになっている。
発熱部材33はここではSiCであり、基板保持台32の基板31とは反対側に配置され、加熱用電源17は発熱部材33に電気的に接続されている。加熱用電源17から発熱部材33に直流電流が流されると、発熱部材33は発熱して、基板保持台32が加熱され、基板保持台32上の基板31と第一の防着板34とが一緒に加熱されるようになっている。
発熱部材33の基板保持台32とは反対側には冷却装置38が配置されている。冷却装置38は内部に温度管理された冷却媒体を循環できるように構成され、発熱部材33が発熱しても真空槽11の壁面が加熱されないようになっている。
本発明である誘電体薄膜の成膜方法を説明する。
まず、準備工程として、真空槽11内に真空排気装置15を接続して、真空槽11内を真空排気する。以後、真空排気を継続して真空槽11内の真空雰囲気を維持する。
冷却装置38に温度管理された冷却媒体を循環させておく。
シード層形成工程として、スパッタガス導入部14から真空槽11内にPbOとは反応しない不活性ガスを導入する。ここでは不活性ガスにスパッタガスであるArガスを用いる。以後、不活性ガスの導入を継続する。
ここでは、加熱用電源17から発熱部材33に直流電流を流して、発熱部材33を加熱し、第一の防着板34に付着したPZTの薄膜を、予め求めた成膜温度よりも高温にする。第一の防着板34に付着したPZTの薄膜からPbOのガスが放出される。
発熱部材33を冷却し、基板31を成膜温度にする。ここでは発熱部材33を640℃に冷却し、その温度を保持させる。
図3(b)のX線回折パターンから、(100)/(001)方向に優先配向したPZT薄膜が形成されたことが分かる。
基板31上に所定の膜厚のPZT薄膜を成膜した後、電源13からカソード電極22への電圧印加を停止し、スパッタガス導入部14から真空槽11内へのスパッタガスの導入を停止する。
21……ターゲット
31……基板
Claims (6)
- 真空排気された真空槽内で基板を加熱しながら、チタン酸ジルコン酸鉛(PZT)のターゲットに電圧を印加してスパッタし、前記基板の表面にPZTの薄膜を成膜する成膜工程を有する誘電体薄膜の成膜方法であって、
前記成膜工程の前に、前記基板の表面にPbOのガスを付着させてシード層を形成するシード層形成工程を有する誘電体薄膜の成膜方法。 - 前記シード層形成工程では、前記真空槽内で化学構造中にPbとOとを含有する放出源を加熱して、前記放出源からPbOのガスを放出させる請求項1記載の誘電体薄膜の成膜方法。
- 前記シード層形成工程では、前記放出源からPbOのガスを放出させながら、前記真空槽内にPbOと反応しない不活性ガスを導入する請求項2記載の誘電体薄膜の成膜方法。
- 前記シード層形成工程では、前記放出源を前記成膜工程での前記基板の温度よりも高い温度に加熱する請求項3記載の誘電体薄膜の成膜方法。
- 前記シード層形成工程では、前記放出源を前記成膜工程での前記基板の温度よりも50℃以上高い温度に加熱する請求項4記載の誘電体薄膜の成膜方法。
- 前記基板は表面に(111)面に優先配向したPt又はIrのうちいずれか一方の貴金属の薄膜を有する請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか1項記載の誘電体薄膜の成膜方法。
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KR20170021292A (ko) | 2014-06-24 | 2017-02-27 | 울박, 인크 | Pzt 박막적층체 및 pzt 박막적층체의 제조 방법 |
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KR20220018978A (ko) * | 2019-05-15 | 2022-02-15 | 어플라이드 머티어리얼스, 인코포레이티드 | 플라즈마 아크가 감소된 프로세스 챔버 |
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