WO2012046601A1 - Procédé de culture de panax ginseng c.a.mey. - Google Patents

Procédé de culture de panax ginseng c.a.mey. Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012046601A1
WO2012046601A1 PCT/JP2011/072204 JP2011072204W WO2012046601A1 WO 2012046601 A1 WO2012046601 A1 WO 2012046601A1 JP 2011072204 W JP2011072204 W JP 2011072204W WO 2012046601 A1 WO2012046601 A1 WO 2012046601A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ginseng
cultivation
running water
seedlings
mey
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2011/072204
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
則明 戸田
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株式会社ツムラ
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Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社ツムラ filed Critical 株式会社ツムラ
Priority to CN201180048375.XA priority Critical patent/CN103153039B/zh
Priority to JP2012537650A priority patent/JP5626354B2/ja
Publication of WO2012046601A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012046601A1/fr
Priority to HK13113252.1A priority patent/HK1185761A1/xx

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for cultivating ginseng, and more particularly, to a method for cultivating ginseng that can prevent a continuous cropping problem that has always been a problem in conventional cultivation methods.
  • Panax ginseng (scientific name: Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) has been widely used for medicinal purposes since ancient times mainly in the East Asian region, and is still used as a pharmaceutical raw material, health food and food. Traditionally, wild products have been used for these purposes, but their resources have been depleted, and cultivation has been promoted widely in Northeast China, the Korean Peninsula, Japan and other countries.
  • Panax ginseng is a negative plant that dislikes direct sunlight, so its growth is slow.
  • a cultivation period of 5 to 6 years is required.
  • Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 when ginseng is cultivated in normal soil, it causes a particularly strong continuous cropping disorder due to long-term residues of pathogenic bacteria or compounds generated from the roots.
  • the continuous cropping disorder of ginseng is mainly caused by root rot fungi, and it is also suggested that residual anilines and phenolic acids may be involved (Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2).
  • the soil for cultivating ginseng should be improved in physical and chemical properties by putting a large amount of compost into the field and deep-plowing several times over the previous year of cultivation. Therefore, when cultivating ginseng, the land cannot be used for one year before cultivation and ten years after cultivation.
  • ⁇ Ginseng is known to take time and effort in addition to the above-mentioned continuous cropping obstacles.
  • ginseng is vulnerable to high temperatures and prefers moist soil, but excessive moisture tends to cause pathogenic bacteria in the rhizosphere and cause diseases such as root rot. Therefore, drainage of the underground part must be improved.
  • Panax ginseng has many diseases, and gray mold disease, spot disease, withering disease, rust disease, etc. occur, and it spreads to a certain range as the fungus grows. There must be.
  • Panax ginseng is also frequently eaten by insects such as aphids and must be sprayed with an insecticide as needed to control the insects.
  • ginseng is a negative plant, it is necessary to control the sunshine conditions, and it is usually necessary to construct a sun-covered roof for cultivation.
  • ginseng is considered one of the most difficult plants to grow among medicinal plants.
  • This invention makes it a subject to construct
  • the present inventors can prevent continuous cropping disorders specific to ginseng by cultivating ginseng using non-circulating running water and a special cultivation floor.
  • the present inventors have found that the labor and time required for cultivation can be reduced and the cultivation period can be shortened.
  • the present invention fixes ginseng seedlings to a cultivation bed consisting mainly of one or more particles selected from the group consisting of sand, gravel and pebbles, and at least part of the rhizosphere of ginseng seedlings
  • a cultivation bed consisting mainly of one or more particles selected from the group consisting of sand, gravel and pebbles, and at least part of the rhizosphere of ginseng seedlings
  • ginseng seeds are fixed to a cultivation bed composed of one or more particles selected from the group consisting mainly of sand, gravel and pebbles, and at least a part of ginseng seeds is non-circulating.
  • the method for cultivating ginseng of the present invention is a method of cultivating ginseng using non-circulating running water and a special cultivation floor, so that part of the rhizosphere and part of seeds of ginseng seedling are non-circulating. Since there is no stagnation of water in the cultivated floor, long-term residues of pathogenic bacteria and specific compounds generated from the roots when cultivated ginseng in the soil do not occur, preventing continuous cropping failure. it can.
  • the method for cultivating ginseng of the present invention can prevent the generation of pests and weeds, it is possible to significantly reduce pesticide cultivation including omissions such as weeding, plowing and topdressing, and omission of soil disinfection. This makes it possible to prevent the spread of diseases.
  • the method for cultivating ginseng of the present invention can sufficiently enlarge the roots even in one year, flexible and efficient production such as one-year cultivation and shortening of the cultivation period are possible.
  • the method for cultivating ginseng of the present invention can also be performed on natural land such as a mountainous area. In this case, it can be shielded from light by trees, etc. Furthermore, it is not necessary to build a sun-covered roof because it is difficult to receive high temperature from the soil by running water, and natural water such as river water is used as non-circulating running water This makes it possible to save troublesome work such as weeding and fertilization, so that the cultivation cost can be significantly reduced.
  • FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the transplanted state of ginseng seedlings in Example 1.
  • FIG. It is a photograph which shows the state 8 months after the transplant of the seed of the ginseng in Example 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a photograph which shows the state 8 months after the transplant of the seed of the ginseng in Example 3.
  • FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the appearance of ginseng cultivated in Example 3.
  • It is a photograph which shows the state 3 months after the transplant of the seed of the ginseng in Example 4.
  • Panax ginseng seedlings used in the method for cultivating ginseng of the present invention refers to seedlings grown for one to three years from seeds of ginseng. Any of the cultivated can be used.
  • Particles selected from the group consisting mainly of sand, gravel and pebbles are preferably 80% by mass (hereinafter referred to simply as “%”) or more, particularly preferably 95% or more as the cultivation bed for fixing the seeds of ginseng. The thing which consists of 1 or more types of these is mentioned. Since such cultivation beds are substantially free of clay and soil, running water is allowed to flow, and non-circulating running water can always be in contact with at least part of the rhizosphere of ginseng seedlings. No water stays inside.
  • the sand used for the cultivation floor belongs to fine sand (diameter 0.02 mm or more) according to the particle size classification by the International Soil Society, and gravel (pebbles) has a particle diameter of 2 mm or more.
  • the particles selected from the group consisting of sand, gravel and pebbles that can be used for cultivation floors include river sand such as crushed stone, yaha sand, Shirakawa sand, Tenjin sand, agricultural sand such as mountain sand, sea sand, and pumice. , Mountain gravel, land gravel, bar light and the like.
  • the cultivation floor may be provided directly in non-circulating running water, but it can also be placed in a container such as a planter with a hole that allows water to flow, a wooden box, or a cylindrical container with a bottom. Good.
  • the non-circulating running water used for cultivating the seeds of ginseng is not particularly limited as long as it is water that can cultivate ginseng, but is water that has been circulated once with a pump or the like. must not.
  • Examples of such non-circulating running water include natural water such as river water, river water, mountain stream water, spring water, etc. or mineral water added to normal tap water, and natural water is preferred.
  • the temperature of the flowing water is preferably a temperature at which seedlings of ginseng are not withered throughout the year, for example, 10 to 25 ° C.
  • the flow rate of the flowing water is preferably a speed at which the flowing water does not stagnate in the cultivation bed, for example, 3 cm / s or more, and preferably 5 m / s or less. Furthermore, it is preferable that the depth of this running water is uniform.
  • the non-circulating running water In order to make the non-circulating running water always contact at least a part, preferably all, of the ginseng rhizosphere, at least a part of the cultivation bed is provided in the non-circulating running water and the running water is passed through the cultivation bed. What is necessary is just to fix so that it may always be made to contact with the flowing water in which at least one part, preferably all of the ginseng rhizosphere is noncirculated.
  • the method for fixing the ginseng seedling is not particularly limited.
  • the seedlings are laid vertically or slightly horizontally so that the buds can be immersed in water and covered with a cultivation floor from above. The method of planting a seedling in the part which came out on water is mentioned.
  • interval (planting density) for planting ginseng seedlings on the cultivation floor may be adjusted as appropriate so that adjacent seedlings are in slight contact with each other during cultivation, for example, about 5 to 7 cm ⁇ 5 to 7 cm for first to second graders. For 3rd to 4th grades, it may be about 10 cm ⁇ 20 cm, and for 5th grade or more, about 20 cm ⁇ 30 cm.
  • the cultivation method of the present invention is preferably carried out under sunshine conditions in which the average daily illuminance is 500 lux or more and 30,000 lux or less on average.
  • this sunshine condition for example, a column using timber and bamboo, a pipe skeleton used for house cultivation, a metal wire, etc.
  • the cultivation method of the present invention is preferably carried out under conditions where mud that can cause pathogens is not substantially mixed into running water.
  • mud does not substantially mix with running water refers to a state where it cannot be visually confirmed from about 1 m away from running water that the running water is colored by mud.
  • the flowing water before being introduced into the cultivation floor may be passed through a settling tank, a filtering device, or the like.
  • the cultivation method of the present invention can perform additional fertilization during cultivation within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention.
  • organic fertilizer or chemical fertilizer may be added to the cultivation floor.
  • a chemical fertilizer may be placed and dissolved naturally in an upstream position of non-circulating running water, or liquid fertilizer may be sprayed on the above-ground part of ginseng. This topdressing may be performed several times a year as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
  • the cultivation method of the present invention is abundant in natural water, such as natural places that meet the above conditions, such as Nishikigawa upstream, Shimane prefecture upstream, Yodogawa upstream area, Japan, Yunnan province of China, etc. It can be done even on slopes in mountainous areas where trees are shaded and there is little or no viscosity or soil near the flow path and cultivation floor.
  • the cultivation method of the present invention can be used not only for cultivation of seedlings of ginseng but also for raising seedlings from seeds.
  • seeds of ginseng may be fixed on the cultivation bed and at least a part, preferably all of the seeds, may be kept in contact with running water that is not circulated.
  • the cultivation method of the present invention it is possible to reduce not only continuous cropping troubles but also the time and effort required for cultivation, and furthermore, it is possible to obtain ginseng that can be used for health foods and beverages even when the cultivation period is about one year. it can.
  • Example 1 Cultivation from seedlings (1): In the mountainous area upstream of Nishikigawa, Shimane Prefecture, Japan, look for a slope with trees covered at the top and an average daily illuminance of 30,000 lux or less. An area was established where non-circulating running water with a depth of 3 to 5 cm always flows at 10 cm / s throughout the year. The flow rate of the flowing water is the distance of 5 seconds when a piece of paper (material: general printing paper, size 3 cm x 3 cm, weight 50 mg) is placed on the surface of the non-circulating flowing water where the culture bed is to be installed. It measured 5 times and calculated
  • the seedlings of annual ginseng with an average raw weight of 8.3g are installed in the running water at an angle, covered with gravel with a grain size of about 1cm, and fixed with gravel so that the whole seedling is immersed in water.
  • a watering cultivation floor was provided and seedlings were transplanted. The seedlings in this state are shown in FIG. 1, and the seedlings after 8 months from the transplantation are shown in FIG.
  • the main component ginsenoside Rb 1 was 0.90% (the pharmacopoeia reference value was 0.3 to 1.0%), and ginsenoside Rb 2 was The ratio was 0.47% (0.3 to 0.5%), which sufficiently satisfied the standard as a pharmaceutical described in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
  • Example 2 Continuous test: In exactly the same place where the ginseng was cultivated in Example 1, a second-year seedling of ginseng (average fresh weight: 8.2 g) was planted again and cultivated. After transplanting the seedlings, weeds were not removed, pesticide spraying, and topdressing were not managed at all. However, withering was not observed, and after 5 months, the plant grew to 14 g on average. As a result, it was shown that there was no problem even if ginseng was continuously produced at the same place.
  • Example 3 Cultivation from seedlings (2): A planter (30 cm ⁇ 40 cm ⁇ 10 cm) with a hole in the bottom is placed in the same area where the ginseng was cultivated in Example 1, and a large gravel with a diameter of 2 to 3 cm is placed within a depth of 2 to 3 cm. So that running water could pass through the area. On top of that, 2 g of chemical fertilizer added to commercially available gravel was added per planter, and the total depth was 10 cm to provide a cultivation floor. There, seedlings were transplanted to a depth that a part of the rhizosphere was soaked in water with a second-year seedling of ginseng (average of fresh weight: 8.3 g).
  • the main component ginsenoside Rb 1 is 0.74%
  • ginsenoside Rb 2 is 0.42%, which is the standard for pharmaceuticals. was clear enough.
  • Example 4 Cultivation from seeds: In the same area where the ginseng was cultivated in Example 1, the seeds of ginseng were placed in water, covered with gravel with a particle size of about 1 cm, further fixed with gravel, and provided with a cultivation floor through which the running water passed, Sowing. The state after 3 months from sowing is shown in FIG.
  • Comparative Example 1 Cultivation from seedlings (3): In the middle Abe River, Shizuoka, Japan, a cold chill is installed at the top, the average daily illuminance is less than 30,000 lux, the average annual water temperature is 16.1 ° C, and the depth is always 3 ⁇ 5 cm non-circulating running water flows at 10 cm / s (the flow rate of the running water is measured by the same method as in Example 1), and the average raw weight of the wasabi field where the river width is a cultivation bed made of pebbles and pebbles. 0 g of 2-year-old ginseng seedlings were placed diagonally on the cultivation floor and transplanted.
  • the method for cultivating ginseng of the present invention can prevent continuous cropping failure specific to ginseng by cultivating ginseng using non-circulating running water and a special cultivation floor.
  • the cultivation period can be shortened.
  • the method for cultivating ginseng of the present invention makes it possible to supply a large amount of ginseng that is equivalent to conventional cultivated products at a low cost.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de culture efficace de Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. permettant d'empêcher les dommages causés par une culture continue de Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. et de réduire la somme de travail nécessaire pour réaliser la culture. Le procédé selon l'invention consiste : à immobiliser des semis de Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. sur un plancher de culture comportant des particules comprenant principalement au moins un type de particules sélectionné dans un groupe constitué par du sable, du gravier et des galets, et permettant à au moins une partie de la rhizosphère des semis de Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. d'être en contact constant avec de l'eau courante non circulante ; et à immobiliser des graines de Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. sur un plancher de culture comportant des particules comprenant principalement au moins un type de particules sélectionné dans un groupe constitué par du sable, du gravier et des galets, et permettant à au moins une partie des graines de Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. d'être en contact constant avec de l'eau courante non circulante.
PCT/JP2011/072204 2010-10-06 2011-09-28 Procédé de culture de panax ginseng c.a.mey. WO2012046601A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201180048375.XA CN103153039B (zh) 2010-10-06 2011-09-28 人参的栽培方法
JP2012537650A JP5626354B2 (ja) 2010-10-06 2011-09-28 オタネニンジンの栽培方法
HK13113252.1A HK1185761A1 (en) 2010-10-06 2013-11-27 Panax ginseng c.a.mey. cultivation method

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JP2010226350 2010-10-06
JP2010-226350 2010-10-06

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103039262A (zh) * 2013-01-30 2013-04-17 东北师范大学 一种大棚营养块人参栽培方法
CN103911239A (zh) * 2013-01-08 2014-07-09 赵伟雄 营养水植人参葡萄酒及其制备方法
WO2015093607A1 (fr) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 独立行政法人医薬基盤研究所 Procédé de culture de plantes médicinales de la famille des araliaceae
WO2015190405A1 (fr) * 2014-06-09 2015-12-17 株式会社ツムラ Procédé de culture de ginseng asiatique
CN107333540A (zh) * 2017-06-26 2017-11-10 连晓华 一种人参的连作种植方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN103404343B (zh) * 2013-08-09 2015-03-18 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 一种缩短三七轮作周期的处理方法
CN104541810A (zh) * 2013-10-11 2015-04-29 郭菁菁 一种解决耕地无法种植的栽种方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS52150240A (en) * 1976-06-04 1977-12-13 Teika Seiyaku Kk Hull humous soil and its production
JPH11220943A (ja) * 1998-02-09 1999-08-17 Touyama Kousuke 生食用朝鮮人参の栽培方法および生食用朝鮮人参
KR20020094446A (ko) * 2001-06-11 2002-12-18 이재호 장뇌화분의 재배방법
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103911239A (zh) * 2013-01-08 2014-07-09 赵伟雄 营养水植人参葡萄酒及其制备方法
CN103039262A (zh) * 2013-01-30 2013-04-17 东北师范大学 一种大棚营养块人参栽培方法
CN103039262B (zh) * 2013-01-30 2014-02-05 东北师范大学 一种大棚营养块人参栽培方法
WO2015093607A1 (fr) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 独立行政法人医薬基盤研究所 Procédé de culture de plantes médicinales de la famille des araliaceae
JPWO2015093607A1 (ja) * 2013-12-20 2017-03-23 国立研究開発法人医薬基盤・健康・栄養研究所 ウコギ科薬用植物の栽培方法
WO2015190405A1 (fr) * 2014-06-09 2015-12-17 株式会社ツムラ Procédé de culture de ginseng asiatique
JPWO2015190405A1 (ja) * 2014-06-09 2017-04-20 株式会社ツムラ オタネニンジンの栽培方法
RU2649327C1 (ru) * 2014-06-09 2018-04-02 Цумура Энд Ко. Способ культивирования женьшеня
TWI675618B (zh) * 2014-06-09 2019-11-01 日商津村股份有限公司 亞洲人參的栽培方法與亞洲人參的屋內栽培系統
CN107333540A (zh) * 2017-06-26 2017-11-10 连晓华 一种人参的连作种植方法

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JPWO2012046601A1 (ja) 2014-02-24
TW201230946A (en) 2012-08-01
CN103153039B (zh) 2015-08-12
HK1185761A1 (en) 2014-02-28
TWI475953B (zh) 2015-03-11
CN103153039A (zh) 2013-06-12

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