WO2012043839A1 - 絶縁電線 - Google Patents
絶縁電線 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012043839A1 WO2012043839A1 PCT/JP2011/072683 JP2011072683W WO2012043839A1 WO 2012043839 A1 WO2012043839 A1 WO 2012043839A1 JP 2011072683 W JP2011072683 W JP 2011072683W WO 2012043839 A1 WO2012043839 A1 WO 2012043839A1
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- insulating layer
- dielectric constant
- relative dielectric
- insulated wire
- layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
- H01B7/0208—Cables with several layers of insulating material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/303—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups H01B3/38 or H01B3/302
- H01B3/306—Polyimides or polyesterimides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/42—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes polyesters; polyethers; polyacetals
- H01B3/427—Polyethers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an insulated wire.
- Inverters are being attached to many electrical devices as efficient variable speed controllers. However, switching is performed at several kHz to several tens of kHz, and a surge voltage is generated for each of those pulses. Such an inverter surge is reflected at an impedance discontinuity in the propagation system, for example, at the start or end of a connected wiring, and as a result, a phenomenon in which a voltage twice as high as the inverter output voltage is applied at the maximum. It is.
- an output pulse generated by a high-speed switching element such as an IGBT has a high voltage steepness, so that even if the connection cable is short, the surge voltage is high, and furthermore, the voltage attenuation by the connection cable is also small. As a result, the inverter output voltage A voltage nearly twice as large as that of the current is generated.
- Insulator-related devices such as high-speed switching elements, inverter motors, transformers, and other electrical equipment coils use insulated wires that are mainly enameled wires as magnet wires. Therefore, as described above, in inverter-related equipment, a voltage nearly twice as high as the inverter output voltage is applied, so that it is required for insulated wires to minimize the partial discharge deterioration caused by inverter surge. It is coming. In order to prevent the deterioration of the insulated wire due to such partial discharge, an insulated wire having a high partial discharge voltage has been studied. In order to obtain this insulated wire, a method of increasing the thickness of the insulating layer of the insulated wire or using a resin having a low relative dielectric constant for the insulating layer can be considered.
- the insulating layer is thickened, the insulated wire becomes thick, resulting in an increase in the size of the electrical equipment.
- This goes against the recent demand for miniaturization in electrical equipment represented by motors and transformers.
- the performance of a rotating machine such as a motor is determined by how many wires can be put in the stator slot.
- the conductor cross-sectional area with respect to the stator slot cross-sectional area is determined.
- the ratio (space factor) has become very high in recent years. Therefore, increasing the thickness of the insulating layer is not preferable because the space factor decreases.
- an insulated wire having a low relative dielectric constant of an insulating layer a wire obtained by applying a polyimide resin paint having a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group at a specific site in a molecule on a conductor has been proposed (for example, , See Patent Document 1).
- an insulating layer is formed by applying a solvent-containing paint on a conductor a plurality of times and drying it.
- the polyimide resin described in Patent Document 1 does not have sufficient interlayer adhesion. If the interlayer adhesion of the resin paint formed on the conductor is insufficient, delamination occurs in an extreme case when processing an insulated wire, and it cannot be used.
- the insulated wire described in Patent Document 3 includes (1) a first insulating layer substantially composed of at least one of polyamide-imide and polyimide, and (2) polyamide imide A having a glass transition temperature of 140 ° C. or higher.
- a first insulating layer substantially composed of at least one of polyamide-imide and polyimide
- polyamide imide A having a glass transition temperature of 140 ° C. or higher.
- the heat resistance evaluated by the heat softening temperature is 400 ° C. or higher.
- the laminated structure of the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer there is no mention of the relative dielectric constant of each layer, and there is a problem that the dielectric breakdown strength is low.
- the present invention comprises at least two stacked units formed by laminating a layer having a low relative dielectric constant and a layer having a high relative dielectric constant, thereby including a layer having a high relative dielectric constant.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an insulated wire having a high dielectric breakdown voltage without increasing the relative dielectric constant as compared with an insulated wire having a single layer obtained by blending a material having a low dielectric constant with a material having a high dielectric constant. .
- an insulated wire in which an insulating layer having a high relative dielectric constant and an insulating layer having a low relative dielectric constant are repeatedly formed on a conductor has a layer with a high relative dielectric constant.
- it has a high dielectric breakdown voltage without increasing the relative dielectric constant compared to an insulated wire having a single layer blended with a material with a low relative dielectric constant to a material with a high relative dielectric constant.
- ⁇ 1> Directly or indirectly on the conductor, in order from the conductor side, the first insulating layer (X1) and the second insulating layer (X2) having a higher relative dielectric constant than the first insulating layer (X1)
- An insulated wire characterized by having at least two laminated units. ⁇ 2> The first insulating layer of the other laminated unit ( ⁇ (X2)) of the second insulating layer (X2) in one laminated unit is located on the outer layer side of the laminated unit ( ⁇ 1>).
- the first insulating layer (X1, X1 ′,...) Having a low relative dielectric constant is made of polyetherimide, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylsulfone, and polyimide, respectively.
- the first insulating layer (X1, X1 ′,...) Having a low relative dielectric constant is made of polyetherimide, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylsulfone, and polyimide, respectively.
- the second insulating layer (X2, X2 ′,%) Having a high relative dielectric constant is composed of a resin composition containing polyamideimide, respectively ⁇ 4 > Or ⁇ 5>.
- the second insulating layer (X2, X2 ′,...) Having a high relative dielectric constant each contains polyamideimide, and further polyetherimide, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyphenyl.
- the “second insulating layer having a higher relative dielectric constant than the first insulating layer” as described above is simply referred to as “second insulating layer having a higher relative dielectric constant” or “
- the “insulating layer having a high relative dielectric constant” and the “first insulating layer having a relative dielectric constant lower than that of the second insulating layer” in this relationship are simply referred to as “the first insulating layer having a low relative dielectric constant” or Sometimes referred to as an “insulating layer having a low relative dielectric constant”.
- an insulated wire excellent in partial discharge resistance because it has excellent interlayer adhesion even if an insulating resin coating is laminated, and therefore has high dielectric breakdown resistance and low relative dielectric constant.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one embodiment of the insulated wire of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 (a) is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a part of one embodiment of the insulated wire of the present invention, and
- FIG. 2 (b) shows another embodiment of the insulated wire of the present invention.
- FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a part of still another embodiment of the insulated wire of the present invention.
- the insulated wire of the present invention has a conductor 1 and an insulating layer 2 covering the conductor 1.
- the insulated wire of the present invention is a laminate in which an insulating layer (X1) and an insulating layer (X2) having a relative dielectric constant higher than that of the insulating layer (X1) are laminated on a conductor directly or indirectly from the conductor side. It has at least two units.
- FIG. 1 an insulated wire having an insulating layer directly on the conductor is described. However, as described later, an insulating layer is provided via an adhesion layer (not shown in FIG.
- FIGS. 2A to 2C show a part of the AA ′ partial enlarged view of the insulated wire having the adhesion layer and the top coat as shown in FIG.
- a stacked unit is formed by stacking an insulating layer (X1) and an insulating layer (X2) having a higher dielectric constant than the insulating layer (X1). Accordingly, as an example having at least two stacked units, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the insulating layer 22 (X2) having a higher relative dielectric constant than the insulating layer 21 (X1) on the insulating layer 21 (X1). are laminated to form a first laminated unit, and further, on the first laminated unit, an insulating layer 23 (X1 ′) having a low relative dielectric constant and further on the insulating layer 23 (X1 ′) In addition, an insulating layer 24 (X2 ′) having a high relative dielectric constant is stacked to form a second stacked unit.
- the insulating layer 22 (X2) having a high relative dielectric constant in the first laminated unit and the insulating layer 23 (X1 ′) having a low relative dielectric constant belonging to a second laminated unit different from the first laminated unit. ) Is preferably expressed by the following formula (1).
- ⁇ (X2)> ⁇ (X1 ′) Formula (1)
- ⁇ (X2) represents the relative dielectric constant of the insulating layer (X2)
- ⁇ (X1 ′) represents the relative dielectric constant of the insulating layer (X1 ′).
- the relationship represented by the formula (1) is not limited to the case where it is satisfied between two adjacent stacked units as exemplified above, and includes the above-described ⁇ 2> item including this aspect. As specified in the above, it may be filled between two specific stacked units that are not necessarily adjacent to each other.
- the insulated wire of the present invention has at least two or more laminated units in which insulating layers having a low relative dielectric constant and insulating layers having a higher relative dielectric constant than the insulating layers are alternately laminated in order from the conductor side. ing.
- the conductor 1 is made of, for example, copper, copper alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy, or a combination thereof.
- the cross-sectional shape of the conductor 1 is not limited, and a circular shape, a rectangular shape (flat angle), or the like can be applied.
- the size of the conductor 1 (diameter when the cross-sectional shape is circular, or long side length when the cross-sectional shape is rectangular) can be set as appropriate, but can be 0.05 to 5 mm. More preferably, the size is 0.1 to 4 mm.
- the thickness of the insulating layer 2 can be set as appropriate, but the total of the insulating layers 21 to 24 can be set to a thickness of 20 to 200 ⁇ m. More preferably, the thickness is 30 to 150 ⁇ m.
- an insulating layer 21 (X1) and an insulating layer 22 (X2) having a higher dielectric constant than the insulating layer 21 (X1) are formed on a conductor.
- an insulating layer 23 (X1 ′) having a dielectric constant lower than that of the insulating layer 22 (X2) is formed on the insulating layer 22 (X2), and further, the insulating layer 23 (X1 ′) has the above-described insulating layer 23 (X1 ′).
- An insulating layer 24 (X2 ′) having a relative dielectric constant higher than that of the insulating layer 23 (X1 ′) is formed.
- the stacking units can be further stacked to form three or more stacking units.
- the relative dielectric constant can be measured using a commercially available measuring instrument.
- the measurement temperature and the measurement frequency can be changed as necessary, but unless otherwise specified in the present specification, the measurement temperature is 25 ° C. and the measurement frequency is 50 Hz.
- the relative dielectric constant of each insulating layer refers to a value measured by drying a resin composition paint constituting the insulating layer and volatilizing a solvent contained in the paint.
- the absolute value of the difference in relative dielectric constant between two layers in contact with each other in each insulating layer is preferably 0.2 or more, more preferably 0.3 to 1.8. Further, the difference in relative dielectric constant between two insulating layers in contact with each other in each stacked unit is equal to the inner layer with a low relative dielectric constant of the insulating layer of the outer layer having a high relative dielectric constant (on the side away from the conductor).
- the difference with respect to the relative dielectric constant of the insulating layer on the side close to the conductor is preferably 0.2 or more, more preferably 0.3 to 1.8. If the difference in relative dielectric constant is too small, an insulated wire having a low relative dielectric constant cannot be obtained. Even if the difference in relative permittivity is too large, the relative permittivity of X2 will increase as a result, and the relative permittivity of the entire film cannot be lowered.
- the insulating layer of the insulated wire of the present invention can be formed directly or indirectly on the conductor.
- each of the insulating layers 21 to 24 is formed by coating the resin composition constituting the insulating layer, drying it appropriately, and laminating it. Can do.
- the insulating layer 21 may be formed directly on the conductor, but the adhesive layer 11 having excellent adhesion to the conductor between the conductor 1 and the insulating layer 21 at the lowermost layer (closest to the conductor). May be formed.
- the adhesive layer that can be used include polyimide, polyurethane, polyamideimide, polyester, polyesterimide, melamine resin, and epoxy resin.
- the insulating layer 21 is a layer formed on the adhesion layer without including the adhesion layer.
- adhesion layer resins include silane alkoxide adhesion improvers (silane coupling agents), titanium alkoxides, titanium acylates, titanium chelates such as titanium chelates, triazine adhesion improvers, and imidazole adhesion improvers. Adhesion improvers such as melamine adhesion improvers and thiol adhesion improvers may be added.
- each of the insulating layers 21 to 24 a layer having a low relative dielectric constant and a layer having a high relative dielectric constant are stacked, so that a material having a low relative dielectric constant is included in a high ratio even though a layer having a high relative dielectric constant is included.
- an insulating wire having a high dielectric breakdown voltage can be obtained without increasing the relative dielectric constant.
- the relative dielectric constant is determined by the volume of each material per volume.
- the insulated wire of the present invention has a high dielectric breakdown voltage and is excellent in electrical insulation.
- an insulated wire using a resin having a low relative dielectric constant for example, polyetherimide or polyethersulfone alone, as an insulating layer has a low dielectric constant, but a low dielectric breakdown voltage.
- the insulated wire of the present invention provides a layer having a high relative dielectric constant by providing a plurality of layers obtained by laminating a layer using a resin having a low relative dielectric constant and a resin having a high relative dielectric constant, for example.
- high dielectric breakdown without increasing the relative dielectric constant compared to an insulated wire with a single layer made by mixing a material with a low relative dielectric constant with a material with a high relative dielectric constant Can have a voltage.
- the insulated wire of the present invention preferably has a relative dielectric constant of 3.9 or less, more preferably 3.8 or less.
- the lower limit value of the relative dielectric constant of the entire film is not particularly limited, but is usually 2.5 or more, preferably 3.0 or more.
- the entire coating refers to the adhesion layer (primer layer), an insulating layer having a low relative dielectric constant, an insulating layer having a higher relative dielectric constant, and a top coat such as a surface lubricating layer or an abrasion resistant layer. Means the whole.
- an insulating layer having a low relative dielectric constant and an insulating layer having a higher relative dielectric constant are collectively referred to as an insulating layer 2 or a stacked portion.
- the relative dielectric constant difference between the layers in contact with each other between the insulating layers is 0.2 or more with respect to the lower layer. If the relative dielectric constant of the entire film is too high, partial discharge occurs even if the dielectric breakdown voltage is high, so that the resin deteriorates and the dielectric strength is not sufficient.
- the dielectric breakdown voltage of the insulated wire of the present invention is preferably 9.0 kV or more by the twisted pair method described in the examples described later.
- a conventional one having a relative dielectric constant of 4.0 and a coating layer thickness of about 40 ⁇ m has been used.
- the thickness of the coating layer that can be reduced within a range in which the partial discharge start voltage is kept at the same level is 5%. is there. That is, the thickness of the coating layer can be reduced by 2.0 ⁇ m. As a result, the size after coil forming can be greatly reduced.
- An insulated wire having a general polyamideimide coating layer is produced, for example, by superposing polyamideimide having a thickness of 2 ⁇ m.
- the insulated wire of the present invention has an insulating layer 31 having a lower relative dielectric constant than the insulating layer 24 (X2 ') on the insulating layer 24 (X2') having a higher relative dielectric constant.
- (Y1 ′) and insulating layers 32 (Y2 ′) having a relative dielectric constant higher than that of the insulating layer 31 (Y1 ′) may be alternately formed.
- the insulating layer 31 and the insulating layer 32 are the third stack unit.
- the cause of this is not clear, but dielectric breakdown is said to occur due to the avalanche effect of the electron, and the breakdown voltage per unit thickness improves as the thickness of the insulator, which is an enameled wire film, decreases. It is considered that the effect is sustained by laminating.
- the number of lamination of the layer having a high relative dielectric constant and the layer having a low relative dielectric constant is preferably 2 to 30 times, and more preferably 2 to 15 times. When the number of times of lamination is too large, a problem that the working efficiency is deteriorated occurs. Further, as shown in FIG.
- an insulating layer 31 (Y1 ′) having a lower relative dielectric constant than the insulating layer 24 (X2 ′) is formed on the insulating layer 24 (X2 ′) having a higher relative dielectric constant.
- An insulating layer 32 (Y2 ′) having a higher relative dielectric constant than that of the insulating layer 31 (Y1 ′) is formed.
- the insulating layer (33, 35, 37) having a lower relative dielectric constant and a relative dielectric constant are also formed. Insulating layers (34, 36, 38) having a high height may be alternately formed. In this case, a total of six lamination units are provided.
- the insulating layer having a low relative dielectric constant in each of the laminated units such as the insulating layer (X1) and the insulating layer (X1 ′) is polyetherimide, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylsulfone. And at least one selected from polyimides.
- the polyetherimide for example, Ultem (trade name, manufactured by GE Plastics) or the like can be used.
- polyethersulfone examples include Sumika Excel PES (trade name, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), PES (trade name, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals), Ultra Zone E (trade name, manufactured by BASF Japan), and Radel A (manufactured by Solvay Advanced Polymers).
- Product name can be used.
- polyphenylene ether for example, Zylon (trade name, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals), Iupiace (trade name, manufactured by Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics), and the like can be used.
- polyphenylsulfone for example, Radel R (trade name, manufactured by Solvay Advanced Polymer) or the like can be used.
- polyimide for example, U-varnish (trade name, manufactured by Ube Industries), HCI series (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), Uimide (trade name, manufactured by Unitika), Aurum (trade name, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) are used. can do.
- the relative permittivity of these resins is polyetherimide (relative permittivity 3.2 to 3.4), polyethersulfone (relative permittivity 3.5), polyphenylene ether (relative permittivity 2.7), polyphenyl It is sulfone (relative dielectric constant 3.4) polyimide (relative dielectric constant 3.5) and has a low relative dielectric constant.
- the insulating layer having a low dielectric constant in each laminated unit such as the insulating layer (X1) and the insulating layer (X1 ′) was selected from polyetherimide, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylsulfone, and polyimide.
- the dielectric constant can be lowered by using at least one kind and further foaming.
- the insulating layer which has a high dielectric constant in each laminated unit such as the said insulating layer (X2) and insulating layer (X2 ')
- contains a polyamideimide when these insulating layers contain polyamideimide, an insulated wire having heat resistance and workability can be obtained.
- the insulating layer having a high relative dielectric constant in each of the laminated units such as the insulating layer (X2) and the insulating layer (X2 ′) contains polyamideimide, and is further polyetherimide.
- the resin composition containing at least 1 sort (s) chosen from polyethersulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylsulfone, and a polyimide.
- s polyethersulfone
- polyphenylene ether polyphenylsulfone
- polyimide a polyimide
- the polyamideimide is preferably 20 to 100% by mass, and more preferably 60 to 90% by mass.
- polyamideimides include Viromax (trade name, manufactured by Toyobo), Torlon (trade name, manufactured by Solvay Advanced Polymers), HI-400, HI-405, and HI-406 series (trade names, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.). Can be used.
- Viromax trade name, manufactured by Toyobo
- Torlon trade name, manufactured by Solvay Advanced Polymers
- HI-400 HI-400
- HI-405 HI-406 series
- the polyetherimide for example, Ultem (trade name, manufactured by GE Plastics) or the like can be used.
- polyethersulfone examples include Sumika Excel PES (trade name, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), PES (trade name, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals), Ultra Zone E (trade name, manufactured by BASF Japan), Veradel (product manufactured by Solvay Advanced Polymers, Inc.) Name) etc.
- polyphenylene ether for example, Zylon (trade name, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals), Iupiace (trade name, manufactured by Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics), and the like can be used.
- polyphenylsulfone for example, Radel R (trade name, manufactured by Solvay Advanced Polymer) or the like can be used.
- polyimide for example, U-varnish (trade name, manufactured by Ube Industries), HCI series (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), Uimide (trade name, manufactured by Unitika), Aurum (trade name, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) are used. can do.
- amorphous resins such as polyetherimide and polyethersulfone have poor chemical resistance, and after forming an insulated wire into a coil shape, cracks occur in the insulation film when the coil is impregnated with varnish.
- the crack is considered to be a phenomenon in which the chemical penetrates into the resin in which residual stress exists and the polymer chain easily moves, resulting in local stress relaxation and cracking in the coating.
- an insulated wire is wound to form a coil and immersed in an impregnated varnish such as an epoxy resin, and then the impregnated varnish is cured, cracks are likely to occur due to the penetration of the impregnated varnish.
- Solvent resistance can be improved by being comprised with the resin composition containing at least 1 sort (s) chosen from imide, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylsulfone, and a polyimide.
- polyamideimide is contained as a resin component
- polyetherimide poly What contains at least 1 sort (s) chosen from the group which consists of ether sulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyphenyl sulfone, and a polyimide can be used.
- polyamideimide poly What contains at least 1 sort (s) chosen from the group which consists of ether sulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyphenyl sulfone, and a polyimide can be used.
- 5 to 70% by mass of polyamideimide is contained as a resin component as a resin composition constituting an insulating layer having a low relative dielectric constant in each laminated unit such as the insulating layer (X1) and the insulating layer (X1 ′).
- polyetherimide containing at least one kind selected from the group consisting of polyetherimide, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylsulfone, and polyimide.
- the resin composition having this configuration the dielectric constant can be kept low without lowering the dielectric breakdown voltage.
- Polyamideimide has a relative dielectric constant of 4.0, but a resin composition mixed with at least one selected from the group consisting of polyetherimide, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylsulfone, and polyimide should be used. Thus, the relative dielectric constant can be kept low.
- Polyamideimide is excellent in heat resistance and solvent resistance.
- polyamideimide is 10 to 60% by mass
- polyetherimide At least one selected from the group consisting of polyethersulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylsulfone, and polyimide is more preferably 90 to 40% by mass.
- polyetherimide polyethersulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylsulfone, and polyimide
- the decrease in relative dielectric constant is small. If the amount is too large, the solvent resistance is deteriorated and the dielectric breakdown voltage is further decreased.
- polyamideimides include Viromax (trade name, manufactured by Toyobo), Torlon (trade name, manufactured by Solvay Advanced Polymers), HI-400, HI-405, and HI-406 series (trade names, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.). Can be used.
- Ultem brand name made by GE Plastics
- polyethersulfone examples include Sumika Excel PES (trade name, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), PES (trade name, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals), Ultra Zone E (trade name, manufactured by BASF Japan), Veradel (product manufactured by Solvay Advanced Polymers, Inc.) Name) etc.
- polyphenylene ether for example, Zylon (trade name, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals), Iupiace (trade name, manufactured by Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics), and the like can be used.
- polyphenylsulfone for example, Radel R (trade name, manufactured by Solvay Advanced Polymer Co., Ltd.) can be used.
- polyimide for example, U-varnish (trade name, manufactured by Ube Industries), HCI series (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), Uimide (trade name, manufactured by Unitika), Aurum (trade name, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) are used. can do.
- the insulating layer having a low relative dielectric constant in each of the laminated units such as the insulating layer (X1) and the insulating layer (X1 ′) has a relative dielectric constant of normal polyimide instead of the polyimide.
- a low polyimide hereinafter also referred to as a low relative dielectric constant polyimide or a low relative dielectric constant PI
- This low dielectric constant polyimide can be obtained by an imidization reaction between a predetermined amine component and a predetermined acid component.
- the amine component includes 2,2-bis [4- [4-aminophenoxy] phenyl] propane, 4,4′-oxydianiline, p-phenylenediamine, 4,4′-diaminobenzophenone, 4 4,4′-bis (4-aminophenyl) sulfide, 1,4-bis (4-aminophenoxy) benzene, 4,4′-bis (4-aminophenoxy) biphenyl, and the like can be used.
- a single component may be used for an amine component, or there is no restriction
- the acid component a single component may be used, or there is no particular limitation on the combination of the components such as mixing plural kinds.
- the low relative dielectric constant polyimide those having a large number of nonpolar hydrocarbon portions in the structure are preferable.
- the relative dielectric constant of the low dielectric constant polyimide is about 2.8, which is lower than the relative dielectric constant 3.5 of ordinary polyimide.
- the low relative dielectric constant polyimide is inferior to ordinary polyimide in heat resistance and solvent resistance. Therefore, even if the enameled wire is composed only of the low relative dielectric constant polyimide, it does not show excellent characteristics.
- the present inventors constitute an insulating layer having the above-mentioned low relative dielectric constant with a low relative dielectric constant polyimide, while having the above high relative dielectric constant with polyamideimide, polyimide, etc. excellent in heat resistance and solvent resistance.
- an insulating layer comprising a low relative dielectric constant polyimide is constituted by constituting an insulating layer and laminating two or more laminated units on the conductor as these two kinds of insulating layers as a laminated unit, It has been found that the obtained insulated wire exhibits high heat resistance and solvent resistance.
- the conductor may have the adhesion layer (primer layer), and may have a surface lubricating layer or an abrasion resistant layer as the outermost layer (top coat) of the insulating layer.
- a surface lubrication layer For example, liquid paraffin, a solid paraffin, etc.
- lubricants such as various waxes, polyethylene, a fluororesin
- coated and lubricants, such as various waxes, polyethylene, a fluororesin
- various resins such as polyamideimide resin, polyimide resin, and polyesterimide resin are filled with an inorganic filler such as silicon oxide, titanium oxide, zirconia, or alumina, and formed on the outermost layer of the insulating layer. You may let them.
- the thickness of the adhesion layer is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 3 to 9 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the top coat is not particularly limited, but can be 2 to 8 ⁇ m, for example.
- the manufacturing method of the insulated wire of this invention is demonstrated referring FIG.
- the above resin composition is used as a resin composition constituting the insulating layer 21 around the conductor, and the insulating layer 21 is formed by repeating coating and drying as appropriate. Thereafter, by further forming insulating layers 22 to 24 in the same manner, a desired insulated wire can be obtained.
- the obtained insulated wire may be a single insulated wire (multi-core wire) by bundling a plurality of insulated wires and covering them together.
- the inventors manufactured insulated wires having the configurations shown in Tables 1 to 4 and evaluated their performance. Insulating layers with low dielectric constants listed in Tables 1 to 4 and insulating layers with high relative dielectric constants are alternately laminated on a copper conductor having a diameter of 1 mm with the number of repetitions listed in Tables 1 to 4, and listed in Tables 1 to 4 Insulating wires were formed in Examples 1 to 13 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 by forming an insulating layer with a thickness of.
- HI-406 series (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used as the adhesive polyamideimide layer described in Tables 1 to 4 around the conductor. What was formed was used.
- Example 1 to 10 a top coat formed with a lubricous polyamideimide AIB-SL3 (trade name, manufactured by Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.) was used.
- Example 1 to 13 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 the following resins are used as the resin constituting the insulating layer, and when a resin is mixed to form a composition, it is shown in Tables 1 to 4. The thing of mass ratio was used.
- PEI polyetherimide
- PES polyethersulfone
- PI Polyimide
- PAI Polyamideimide
- HI-406 series trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- PPSU polyphenylsulfone
- Radel R trade name, manufactured by Solvay Advanced Polymer
- PPE polyphenylene ether
- the low relative dielectric constant polyimide produced as described above is used for the varnish used for forming the insulating layers (X1) and (X1 ′) having the low relative dielectric constant, and this is baked (coating and drying).
- the insulated wires of Examples 14 and 15 were obtained.
- the breakdown voltage was measured by the twisted pair method. A dielectric breakdown voltage of 9.0 kV or higher was considered acceptable. (Twisted pair method) Two insulated wires were twisted together, an AC voltage with a sine wave of 50 Hz was applied between the conductors, and the voltage (effective value) at which dielectric breakdown occurred while continuously boosting was measured. The measurement temperature was 25 ° C.
- Tables 1 to 4 show the evaluation results of the insulated wires obtained in Examples 1 to 15 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4.
- the insulated wires of Examples 1 to 15 showed excellent results in relative dielectric constant, dielectric breakdown voltage, and solvent resistance.
- an insulated wire consisting only of a polyetherimide layer had a low relative dielectric constant, but failed withstand voltage (dielectric breakdown voltage) and solvent resistance (Comparative Example 1).
- the insulated wire which consists only of a polyamideimide layer had high withstand voltage (dielectric breakdown voltage), since the dielectric constant was high, it was disqualified (Comparative Example 2).
- Comparative Example 3 is a test example simulating Example 12 described in Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-155551).
Abstract
Description
このような部分放電による絶縁電線の劣化を防ぐため、部分放電の発生電圧が高い絶縁電線の検討が行われている。この絶縁電線を得るためには、絶縁電線の絶縁層の厚さを厚くするか、絶縁層に比誘電率が低い樹脂を用いるという方法が考えられる。
そのほかに絶縁層の比誘電率が低い絶縁電線として、繰り返し単位当たりのアミド基の数及びイミド基の数を減らしたポリアミドイミド樹脂塗料を用いた絶縁電線が提案されている(例えば、特許文献2参照)。この絶縁電線の場合、アミド基の数及びイミド基の数を減らしているため、導体との密着力が十分でない。導体との密着力は曲げや伸びなどの加工を行った際に導体と絶縁皮膜との剥離が発生し、電気絶縁性に問題があることが多い。また、使用する原料が特殊なものであり非常に高価である。
また、厳しい圧延加工や巻線加工などを行なっても皮膜に損傷などを生じない耐加工性と、ポリアミドイミドと同等の高い耐熱性とを有し、しかも絶縁電線の端末を接合する工程で、接合部付近の絶縁皮膜が接合の熱などによって発泡したりしない接合性を有する絶縁電線が提案されている(例えば、特許文献3参照)。この特許文献3記載の絶縁電線は、(1)実質的にポリアミドイミド、およびポリイミドのうちの少なくとも一方からなる第1絶縁層と、(2)ポリアミドイミドAに、ガラス転移温度140℃以上の熱可塑性樹脂Bを、重量比A/Bで表してA/B=70/30~30/70の割合で配合してなる第2絶縁層とをこの順に被覆、積層することによって、導体上に、上記第1絶縁層の膜厚T1と、第2絶縁層の膜厚T2との比T1/T2がT1/T2=5/95~40/60の範囲内で、かつ残留溶剤量が絶縁皮膜総量の0.05重量%以下である絶縁皮膜を形成したものである。特許文献3記載の絶縁電線では、熱軟化温度で評価される耐熱性が、400℃以上である。しかし、前記第1絶縁層と前記第2絶縁層の2層の積層構造について、各層の比誘電率については何らの言及がなく、絶縁破壊強度が低いという問題点がある。
本発明によれば、以下の手段が提供される:
<2>ある1つの積層単位中の第二の絶縁層(X2)の比誘電率(ε(X2))が、その積層単位より外層側に位置する他の積層単位の第一の絶縁層(X1’)の比誘電率(ε(X1’))よりも高いことを特徴とする<1>記載の絶縁電線。
<3>前記絶縁層の内で互いに接する2つの層の比誘電率の差の絶対値が0.2以上であることを特徴とする<1>又は<2>記載の絶縁電線。
<4>各積層単位において、比誘電率の低い第一の絶縁層(X1、X1’、…)が、それぞれ、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリフェニルスルホン、及びポリイミドからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種を含有する樹脂組成物で構成されていることを特徴とする<1>~<3>のいずれか1項記載の絶縁電線。
<5>各積層単位において、比誘電率の低い第一の絶縁層(X1、X1’、…)が、それぞれ、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリフェニルスルホン、及びポリイミドからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種を含有し、さらにポリアミドイミドを含有する樹脂組成物で構成されていることを特徴とする<1>~<3>のいずれか1項記載の絶縁電線。
<6>各積層単位において、比誘電率の高い第二の絶縁層(X2、X2’、…)が、それぞれ、ポリアミドイミドを含有する樹脂組成物で構成されていることを特徴とする<4>又は<5>記載の絶縁電線。
<7>各積層単位において、比誘電率の高い第二の絶縁層(X2、X2’、…)が、それぞれ、ポリアミドイミドを含有し、さらにポリエーテルイミド、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリフェニルスルホン、及びポリイミドからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種を含有する樹脂組成物で構成されていることを特徴とする<4>又は<5>記載の絶縁電線。
ここで、本明細書においては、上で説明したような「第一の絶縁層よりも比誘電率の高い第二の絶縁層」を単に「比誘電率の高い第二の絶縁層」あるいは「比誘電率の高い絶縁層」とも、また、この関係にある「第二の絶縁層よりも比誘電率の低い第一の絶縁層」を単に「比誘電率の低い第一の絶縁層」あるいは「比誘電率の低い絶縁層」とも、それぞれいう場合がある。
図1に断面図を示した本発明の絶縁電線の一実施態様では、導体1と、導体1を被覆した絶縁層2とを有している。本発明の絶縁電線は、導体上に直接又は間接に、導体側から順に、絶縁層(X1)と、前記絶縁層(X1)よりも比誘電率の高い絶縁層(X2)とを積層した積層単位を少なくとも2つ有している。図1では、導体上に直接、絶縁層を有する絶縁電線が記載されているが、後述のように、導体上の密着層(図1には図示せず)を介して絶縁層を有していてもよい。また絶縁層の最表層に表面潤滑層や耐磨耗層などのトップコート(図1には図示せず)を有していてもよい。図2(a)~(c)には、密着層とトップコートを有する絶縁電線について、図1に示すように、A-A’の部分拡大図の一部が示されている。
本明細書において、絶縁層(X1)と、前記絶縁層(X1)よりも比誘電率の高い絶縁層(X2)とを積層したものを積層単位という。したがって、積層単位を少なくとも2つ有するものとしては、例えば、図1に示すように、絶縁層21(X1)上に前記絶縁層21(X1)よりも比誘電率の高い絶縁層22(X2)が積層されて第一の積層単位が形成され、さらに該第一の積層単位の上に、比誘電率が低い絶縁層23(X1’)とさらにその上に前記絶縁層23(X1’)よりも比誘電率の高い絶縁層24(X2’)が積層されて第二の積層単位が形成されたものを挙げることができる。
さらに好ましくは、第一の積層単位中の比誘電率の高い絶縁層22(X2)と、該第一の積層単位と異なる第二の積層単位に属する比誘電率の低い絶縁層23(X1’)の比誘電率が、下記式(1)で表されることが好ましい。
ε(X2)>ε(X1’) 式(1)
上記式(1)において、ε(X2)は絶縁層(X2)における比誘電率、ε(X1’)は絶縁層(X1’)における比誘電率を表す。
ここで、式(1)で表わされる関係は、上で例示したような隣り合う2つの積層単位の間で満たされる場合に限定されるものではなく、この態様を包含して前記<2>項で規定したように、必ずしも隣接していない特定の2つの積層単位の間で満たされていてもよい。
これにより、本発明の絶縁電線は、導体側から順に、比誘電率の低い絶縁層とその絶縁層よりも比誘電率の高い絶縁層が交互に積層された積層単位を少なくとも2つ以上有している。
導体1のサイズ(断面形状が円形の場合には直径、又は断面形状が矩形の場合には長辺の長さ)は適宜設定できるが、0.05~5mmとすることができる。さらに好ましくは、サイズ0.1~4mmである。
図1に示すように、本発明の絶縁電線は、導体上に、絶縁層21(X1)と、前記絶縁層21(X1)よりも比誘電率の高い絶縁層22(X2)が形成され、さらに好ましくは、前記絶縁層22(X2)上に前記絶縁層22(X2)よりも比誘電率の低い絶縁層23(X1’)が形成され、さらに前記絶縁層23(X1’)上に前記絶縁層23(X1’)よりも比誘電率の高い絶縁層24(X2’)が形成されている。絶縁層24(X2’)上には、さらに積層単位を積み重ねて積層単位を3つ以上とすることができる。比誘電率は、市販の測定器を使用して測定することができる。測定温度および測定周波数については、必要に応じて変更できるが、本明細書において特に記載のない限り、測定温度を25℃とし、測定周波数を50Hzとして測定した値をいう。各絶縁層の比誘電率は、絶縁層を構成する樹脂組成物塗料を乾燥し、該塗料に含まれる溶剤を揮発させたもので測定した値をいう。
例えば、ポリアミドイミドを被覆層とする絶縁電線の場合、従来、比誘電率が4.0、被覆層の厚さが40μm程度のものが使用されている。仮に、本発明の構成を用いて被覆樹脂の比誘電率を0.2だけ下げて3.8にすると、部分放電開始電圧を同程度に留める範囲で削減できる被覆層の厚さは5%である。つまり、被覆層の厚さを2.0μm削減することができる。これによってコイル成形後の大きさを大幅に減少させることができる。一般のポリアミドイミドを被覆層とする絶縁電線は、例えば、一層2μmの厚さのポリアミドイミドを重ねて製造されている。比誘電率を0.2下げることにより、ポリアミドイミドの塗り重ね回数を1回減らすことができるという優れた効果を奏する。
また図2(c)に示されるように、比誘電率の高い絶縁層24(X2’)上に、絶縁層24(X2’)よりも比誘電率の低い絶縁層31(Y1’)と、前記絶縁層31(Y1’)よりも比誘電率の高い絶縁層32(Y2’)が形成され、さらに、同様にして、比誘電率の低い絶縁層(33、35、37)と比誘電率の高い絶縁層(34、36、38)が交互に形成されていてもよい。この場合、積層単位は計6つ設けられている。
前記絶縁層(X1)及び絶縁層(X1’)等の各積層単位における低い比誘電率を有する絶縁層を、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリフェニルスルホン、及びポリイミドから選ばれた少なくとも1種を用い、さらに発泡させることにより、比誘電率を低くすることができる。
さらに好ましくは、本発明の絶縁電線は、前記絶縁層(X2)及び絶縁層(X2’)等の各積層単位における高い比誘電率を有する絶縁層が、ポリアミドイミドを含有し、さらにポリエーテルイミド、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリフェニルスルホン、及びポリイミドから選ばれた少なくとも1種を含有する樹脂組成物で構成されていることが好ましい。ポリアミドイミドを必須樹脂成分として含み、さらにポリエーテルイミド、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリフェニルスルホン、及びポリイミドから選ばれた少なくとも1種を含有する樹脂組成物とすることにより、耐熱性に優れた低い比誘電率の絶縁材料を得ることができる。樹脂組成物の樹脂成分中、ポリアミドイミドが20~100質量%であることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは、60~90質量%である。ポリアミドイミドが少なすぎると耐溶剤性および耐熱性が悪くなり、多すぎると比誘電率を低くする効果が十分に得られなくなる。
ポリアミドイミドとしては、例えば、バイロマックス(東洋紡社製商品名)、トーロン(ソルベイアドバンストポリマーズ社製商品名)、HI-400,HI-405,HI-406シリーズ(日立化成工業社製商品名)などを使用することができる。ポリエーテルイミドとしては、例えば、ウルテム(GEプラスチック社製商品名)などを使用することができる。ポリエーテルスルホンとしては、例えば、スミカエクセルPES(住友化学社製商品名)、PES(三井化学社製商品名)、ウルトラゾーンE(BASFジャパン社製商品名)、ベラデル(ソルベイアドバンストポリマーズ社製商品名)などを使用することができる。ポリフェニレンエーテルとしては、例えば、ザイロン(旭化成ケミカルズ社製商品名)、ユピエース(三菱エンジニアリングプラスチックス社製商品名)などを使用することができる。ポリフェニルスルホンとしては、例えば、レーデルR(ソルベイアドバンストポリマー社製商品名)などを使用することができる。ポリイミドとしては、例えば、U-ワニス(宇部興産社製商品名)、HCIシリーズ(日立化成社商品名)、Uイミド(ユニチカ社製商品名)、オーラム(三井化学社製商品名)などを使用することができる。
これに対して、前記絶縁層(X2)及び絶縁層(X2’)等の各積層単位における高い比誘電率を有する絶縁層、特に最外層の絶縁層が、ポリアミドイミドを含有し、さらにポリエーテルイミド、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリフェニルスルホン、及びポリイミドから選ばれた少なくとも1種を含有する樹脂組成物で構成されていることにより、耐溶剤性を向上させることができる。
前記絶縁層(X1)及び絶縁層(X1’)等の各積層単位における低い比誘電率を有する絶縁層を構成する樹脂組成物の樹脂成分中、ポリアミドイミドは10~60質量%、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリフェニルスルホン、及びポリイミドからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種は90~40質量%であることがさらに好ましい。ポリエーテルイミド、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリフェニルスルホン、及びポリイミドが少なすぎると比誘電率の低下が小さく、多すぎると耐溶剤性が悪化し、さらに絶縁破壊電圧が低下する。
ポリアミドイミドとしては、例えば、バイロマックス(東洋紡社製商品名)、トーロン(ソルベイアドバンストポリマーズ社製商品名)、HI-400,HI-405,HI-406シリーズ(日立化成工業社製商品名)などを使用することができる。また、ポリエーテルイミドとしては、例えば、ウルテム(GEプラスチック社製商品名)などを使用することができる。ポリエーテルスルホンとしては、例えば、スミカエクセルPES(住友化学社製商品名)、PES(三井化学社製商品名)、ウルトラゾーンE(BASFジャパン社製商品名)、ベラデル(ソルベイアドバンストポリマーズ社製商品名)などを使用することができる。ポリフェニレンエーテルとしては、例えば、ザイロン(旭化成ケミカルズ社製商品名)、ユピエース(三菱エンジニアリングプラスチックス社製商品名)などを使用することができる。ポリフェニルスルホンとしては、例えば、レーデルR(ソルベイアドバンストポリマー社製商品名)などを使用することができる。ポリイミドとしては、例えば、U-ワニス(宇部興産社製商品名)、HCIシリーズ(日立化成社商品名)、Uイミド(ユニチカ社製商品名)、オーラム(三井化学社製商品名)などを使用することができる。
低比誘電率ポリイミドとしては、その構造中に、非極性炭化水素部分が多いものが好ましい。
低比誘電率ポリイミドの比誘電率は2.8程度であり、通常のポリイミドの比誘電率3.5よりも低い。
ここで、密着層の厚さには特に制限はないが、例えば3~9μmとすることができる。また、トップコートの厚さには特に制限はないが、例えば2~8μmとすることができる。
本発明の絶縁電線の製造方法を図1を参照しながら説明する。例えば、導体の周りに、絶縁層21を構成する樹脂組成物として、前記の樹脂組成物を用い、適宜、塗り重ねと乾燥を繰り返して絶縁層21を形成する。その後、同様の方法で、さらに絶縁層22~24を形成することで、所望の絶縁電線が得られる。得られた絶縁電線は、複数本の絶縁電線を束ねた上で、これらをまとめて被覆して1本の絶縁電線(多芯線)としてもよい。
実施例1~13、比較例1~4においては、絶縁層を構成する樹脂として、以下のものを使用し、樹脂を混合して組成物としたものを用いる場合は、表1~4に示す質量比のものを用いた。
(1)PEI;ポリエーテルイミド(ウルテム(GEプラスチック社製商品名))
(2)PES;ポリエーテルスルホン(スミカエクセルPES(住友化学社製商品名))
(3)PI;ポリイミド(Uイミド(ユニチカ社製商品名))
(4)PAI;ポリアミドイミド(HI-406シリーズ(日立化成工業社製商品名))
(5)PPSU;ポリフェニルスルホン(レーデルR(ソルベイアドバンストポリマー社製商品名))
(6)PPE;ポリフェニレンエーテル(ザイロン(旭化成ケミカルズ社製商品名))
実施例14、15では、前記実施例1~13の絶縁電線の調製と同様にして、但し、以下のように調製した表3記載の低比誘電率ポリイミド(低比誘電率PI)を用いて絶縁電線を調製した。
すなわち、500mlのフラスコに、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン395g、2,2-ビス[4-[4-アミノフェノキシ]フェニル]プロパン47.94g(0.117mol)及び5,5’-[1-メチル-1,1-エタンジイルビス(1,4-フェニレン)ビスオキシ]ビス(イソベンゾフラン-1,3-ジオン)57.06g(0.117mol)を加え、室温、窒素雰囲気下で12時間攪拌して反応させ、低比誘電率ポリイミドを得た。
以上のように作製した低比誘電率ポリイミドを、前記の低い比誘電率を有する絶縁層(X1)および(X1’)等の形成に使用するワニスに用いて、これを焼き付ける(塗布、乾燥)ことで実施例14および15の絶縁電線を得た。
比誘電率は、エナメル線の静電容量を測定し、静電容量と絶縁層の厚さから得られた比誘電率を測定値とした。静電容量の測定には、LCRハイテスタ(日置電機株式会社製、型式3532-50)を用いた。測定温度は25℃、測定周波数は50Hzとした。比誘電率が3.9以下を合格とした。
ツイストペア法で絶縁破壊電圧を測定した。絶縁破壊電圧が9.0kV以上を合格とした。
(ツイストペア法)
2本の絶縁電線を撚り合わせ、各々の導体間に正弦波50Hzの交流電圧を印加して、連続的に昇圧させながら絶縁破壊する電圧(実効値)を測定した。測定温度は25℃とした。
長さ50cmの絶縁電線を直径50mmの棒に巻付けたものを室温にてクレゾールに1時間浸漬し、その後取り出し、絶縁電線の表面を観察した。その様子からクラックの発生がないものを合格とし、合格のものは表1~4に○、不合格のものは表1~4に×で表示した。
2 絶縁層
11 密着層
21 第一の絶縁層(X1)
22 第一の絶縁層(X1)より比誘電率の高い絶縁層(X2)
23 第一の絶縁層(X1’)
24 第一の絶縁層(X1’)より比誘電率の高い絶縁層(X2’)
31 第一の絶縁層(Y1’)
32 第一の絶縁層(Y1’)より比誘電率の高い絶縁層(Y2’)
33、35、37 比誘電率の低い絶縁層
34、36、38 比誘電率の高い絶縁層
41 トップコート
Claims (7)
- 導体上に直接又は間接に、導体側から順に、第一の絶縁層と、前記第一の絶縁層よりも比誘電率の高い第二の絶縁層とを積層してなる積層単位を少なくとも2つ有することを特徴とする絶縁電線。
- ある1つの積層単位中の第二の絶縁層の比誘電率が、その積層単位より外層側に位置する他の積層単位の第一の絶縁層の比誘電率よりも高いことを特徴とする請求項1記載の絶縁電線。
- 前記絶縁層の内で互いに接する2つの層の比誘電率の差の絶対値が0.2以上であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の絶縁電線。
- 各積層単位において、第一の絶縁層が、それぞれ、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリフェニルスルホン、及びポリイミドからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種を含有する樹脂組成物で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載の絶縁電線。
- 各積層単位において、第一の絶縁層が、それぞれ、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリフェニルスルホン、及びポリイミドからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種を含有し、さらにポリアミドイミドを含有する樹脂組成物で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載の絶縁電線。
- 各積層単位において、第二の絶縁層が、それぞれ、ポリアミドイミドを含有する樹脂組成物で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項4又は5記載の絶縁電線。
- 各積層単位において、第二の絶縁層が、それぞれ、ポリアミドイミドを含有し、さらにポリエーテルイミド、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリフェニルスルホン、及びポリイミドからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種を含有する樹脂組成物で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項4又は5記載の絶縁電線。
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JP2012536602A JP5877159B2 (ja) | 2010-10-01 | 2011-09-30 | 絶縁電線 |
EP11829392.7A EP2555204B1 (en) | 2010-10-01 | 2011-09-30 | Insulated wire |
CN201180008178.5A CN102782773B (zh) | 2010-10-01 | 2011-09-30 | 绝缘电线 |
KR1020127020276A KR20130024880A (ko) | 2010-10-01 | 2011-09-30 | 절연 전선 |
US13/556,902 US20120285724A1 (en) | 2010-10-01 | 2012-07-24 | Insulated wire |
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JP2010224337 | 2010-10-01 | ||
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US13/556,902 Continuation US20120285724A1 (en) | 2010-10-01 | 2012-07-24 | Insulated wire |
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EP (1) | EP2555204B1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
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EP2555204A4 (en) | 2014-06-25 |
EP2555204B1 (en) | 2018-02-14 |
EP2555204A1 (en) | 2013-02-06 |
CN102782773A (zh) | 2012-11-14 |
CN102782773B (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
JPWO2012043839A1 (ja) | 2014-02-24 |
KR20130024880A (ko) | 2013-03-08 |
JP5877159B2 (ja) | 2016-03-02 |
US20120285724A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
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