WO2012043817A1 - 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス - Google Patents
合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012043817A1 WO2012043817A1 PCT/JP2011/072614 JP2011072614W WO2012043817A1 WO 2012043817 A1 WO2012043817 A1 WO 2012043817A1 JP 2011072614 W JP2011072614 W JP 2011072614W WO 2012043817 A1 WO2012043817 A1 WO 2012043817A1
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- laminated glass
- polyvinyl acetal
- acetal resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10605—Type of plasticiser
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/22—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using plasticisers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0016—Plasticisers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/03—3 layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/10—Trains
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/12—Ships
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/18—Aircraft
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31627—Next to aldehyde or ketone condensation product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31627—Next to aldehyde or ketone condensation product
- Y10T428/3163—Next to acetal of polymerized unsaturated alcohol [e.g., formal butyral, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31645—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31649—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31928—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31942—Of aldehyde or ketone condensation product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31942—Of aldehyde or ketone condensation product
- Y10T428/31946—Next to second aldehyde or ketone condensation product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an interlayer film for laminated glass used for laminated glass such as automobiles and buildings, and more specifically, an interlayer film for laminated glass containing a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer, and the interlayer film for laminated glass. It relates to the laminated glass used.
- Laminated glass is superior in safety even if it is damaged by an external impact and the amount of glass fragments scattered is small. For this reason, the said laminated glass is widely used for a motor vehicle, a rail vehicle, an aircraft, a ship, a building, etc.
- the laminated glass is manufactured by sandwiching an intermediate film between a pair of glass plates.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that 100 parts by weight of a polyvinyl acetal resin having an acetalization degree of 60 to 85 mol% and at least one of alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts.
- a sound insulation layer containing 0.001 to 1.0 part by weight of a metal salt and 30 parts by weight or more of a plasticizer is disclosed. This sound insulation layer can be used as a single layer as an intermediate film or laminated with other layers as a multilayer intermediate film.
- a laminated glass used for a fuel vehicle using an internal combustion engine is particularly required to have sound insulation in a relatively low frequency range.
- the laminated glass used in a fuel vehicle using an internal combustion engine has high sound insulation in a high frequency range.
- the high sound-insulation property in a high frequency region is calculated
- the coincidence effect means that when a sound wave is incident on the glass plate, the transverse wave propagates on the glass surface due to the rigidity and inertia of the glass plate, and the transverse wave and the incident sound resonate. This is a phenomenon that occurs.
- the laminated glass is also required to exhibit high sound insulation properties over a wide temperature range.
- the sound insulating property in the vicinity of 20 ° C. of the laminated glass can be increased to some extent. it can.
- the multilayer interlayer film has the sound insulating layer, foaming may occur in the laminated glass using the multilayer interlayer film.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass capable of enhancing the sound insulation in a high frequency range in the obtained laminated glass over a wide temperature range when used for constituting laminated glass, and the laminated glass. It is to provide a laminated glass using an interlayer film for glass.
- a limited object of the present invention is not only high in sound insulation in a high frequency range over a wide temperature range, but also an interlayer film for laminated glass capable of obtaining a laminated glass capable of suppressing the occurrence of foaming and the growth of foam, and It is to provide a laminated glass using the interlayer film for laminated glass.
- the first layer includes a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer, and is laminated on the first surface of the first layer, and includes the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer.
- an interlayer film for laminated glass wherein the absolute value of the difference in SP value between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer contained in the first layer is 0.5 or less.
- the content rate of the hydroxyl group of the said polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the said 1st layer is the said polyvinyl acetal contained in the said 2nd layer. Lower than the hydroxyl group content of the resin.
- the polyvinyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer is the polyvinyl content contained in the second layer. It is 5 mol% or less lower than the hydroxyl group content of the acetal resin.
- the plasticizer contained in the first layer is a diester plasticizer represented by the following formula (1A).
- R1 and R2 each represent an organic group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms
- R3 represents an ethylene group, an isopropylene group or an n-propylene group
- p represents an integer of 2 to 10 .
- the content of hydroxyl groups in the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer is less than 25 mol%.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the second layer is 10 mol% or more and 50 mol% or less, And acetylation degree is less than 3 mol%.
- the content of the plasticizer in the first layer is 20 to 90 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin.
- the content of the plasticizer in the second layer is 10 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin.
- a content of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is 50 parts by weight or more.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is lower than the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer.
- the content of hydroxyl groups of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer is 9.2 mol% or less
- the content of hydroxyl groups of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer When the difference from the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer is more than 8.5 mol% and 9.2 mol% or less, the polyvinyl chloride in the first layer is used. Acetylation of the acetal resin is not more than 8 mol%.
- the glass transition temperature of the resin film is Tg. (Tg + 80) Ratio of elastic modulus G ′ (Tg + 80) at (Tg + 80) ° C. to elastic modulus G ′ (Tg + 30) at (Tg + 30) ° C. (G ′ (Tg + 80) / G ′ (Tg + 30)) Is 0.65 or more.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol having an average degree of polymerization exceeding 3000.
- the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is 8 mol% or more, or the polyvinyl in the first layer. It is preferable that the degree of acetylation of the acetal resin is less than 8 mol% and the degree of acetalization is 68 mol% or more.
- the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is preferably 8 mol% or more. Furthermore, it is also preferable that the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is less than 8 mol% and the degree of acetalization is 68 mol% or more.
- the interlayer film is laminated on a second surface opposite to the first surface of the first layer, and a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer are laminated.
- a third layer comprising is provided.
- the laminated glass according to the present invention includes a first laminated glass constituent member, a second laminated glass constituent member, and an intermediate film sandwiched between the first and second laminated glass constituent members.
- the interlayer film is an interlayer film for laminated glass constructed according to the present invention.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention has a structure in which a first layer and a second layer are laminated, and the first and second layers each include a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer, Since the absolute value of the difference in SP value between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer contained in the first layer is 0.5 or less, the high frequency of the laminated glass using the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention Sound insulation in the area can be improved over a wide temperature range.
- FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view schematically showing an interlayer film for laminated glass according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of laminated glass using the interlayer film for laminated glass shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the loss tangent tan ⁇ and the temperature and the elastic modulus G ′ when the viscoelasticity of the resin film is measured using a resin film containing a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer contained in the first layer. It is a figure for demonstrating the relationship between temperature.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a laminated glass using an interlayer film for laminated glass according to an embodiment of the present invention in a partially cutaway sectional view.
- the intermediate film 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a multilayer intermediate film.
- the intermediate film 1 is used to obtain a laminated glass.
- the intermediate film 1 is an intermediate film for laminated glass.
- the intermediate film 1 includes a first layer 2, a second layer 3 stacked on the first surface 2 a of the first layer 2, and a first layer 2 opposite to the first surface 2 a of the first layer 2. 2 and the third layer 4 laminated on the surface 2b of the second.
- the first layer 2 is an intermediate layer and mainly functions as a sound insulation layer.
- the second and third layers 3 and 4 are protective layers, and are surface layers in this embodiment.
- the first layer 2 is sandwiched between the second and third layers 3 and 4. Therefore, the intermediate film 1 has a multilayer structure in which the second layer 3, the first layer 2, and the third layer 4 are laminated in this order.
- the first, second, and third layers 2, 3, and 4 each include a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer.
- the absolute value of the difference in SP value between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer contained in the first layer 2 is 0.5 or less.
- the composition of the second layer 3 and the third layer 4 may be the same or different. Since the polyvinyl acetal resin is contained in the second and third layers 3 and 4, the adhesive force between the second and third layers 3 and 4 and the laminated glass constituent member is sufficiently increased.
- the plasticizer contained in the first layer 2 may move to the second and third layers 3 and 4 depending on the ambient temperature.
- the plasticizer contained in the second and third layers 3 and 4 may move to the first layer 2 depending on the ambient temperature.
- the sound insulation of the laminated glass is affected by the content of the plasticizer contained in the first layer 2.
- the plasticizer contained in the first layer 2 is contained in the first layer 2 by moving to the second, third layer 3, 4.
- Preferably less plasticizer is used.
- the plasticizer contained in the second and third layers 3 and 4 is contained in the first layer 2 by moving to the first layer 2. It is preferable that the plasticizer is increased.
- the transition of the plasticizer is controlled by setting the absolute value of the difference in SP value between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer contained in the first layer 2 to 0.5 or less, and in the high frequency range. As a result, an interlayer film was obtained in which the sound-insulating property was increased over a wide temperature range.
- the main feature of this embodiment is that the first layer 2 contains a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer, and the absolute difference in SP value between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer contained in the first layer 2 is The value is 0.5 or less.
- the sound insulation in the high frequency range of the laminated glass using the intermediate film 1 can be enhanced over a wide temperature range. In particular, it is possible to effectively enhance sound insulation in a high frequency region exceeding 3 kHz.
- the temperature at which sound insulation is obtained is determined by the glass transition temperature of the first layer 2.
- the glass transition temperature is influenced by the migration of the plasticizer between the first layer 2 and the second and third layers 3, 4.
- the first layer 2 and the second and third layers 3 and 4 can control the migration of plasticizer between. Therefore, the glass transition temperature of the first layer 2 shows various glass transition temperatures depending on the external temperature. As a result, the sound insulation can be improved over a wide temperature range.
- the intermediate film 1 other layers are laminated on both sides of the first layer 2. It is only necessary that the second layer is laminated on at least one surface of the first layer.
- the second layer may be stacked only on the first surface of the first layer, and the third layer may not be stacked on the second surface of the first layer. However, it is preferable that the second layer is stacked on the first surface of the first layer, and the third layer is stacked on the second surface of the first layer.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass having a multilayer structure with improved sound insulation has a problem that foaming is likely to occur in the laminated glass.
- the present inventors have found that in the interlayer film for laminated glass having a multilayer structure, the plasticizer migrates between the respective layers, and as a result, a layer having a high plasticizer content is formed.
- the plasticizer migrates from the second and third layers to the first layer, and as a result, the plasticizer content in the first layer increases.
- foaming is likely to occur in the laminated glass using the interlayer film for laminated glass. It has also been found that once foaming occurs, foaming grows with the resulting foam as a nucleus.
- the content of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is 50 parts by weight or more, and the first layer
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in 2 is lower than the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer 3, and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2.
- the difference between the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer 3 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a content difference (1-2)) is 9.2 mol% or less, and
- the difference (content ratio difference (1-2)) between the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer 3 is 8. 5 models %, Greater to or less than 9.2 mol% is preferably acetylation degree of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is not more than 8 mol%.
- the content difference (1-2) may be more than 8.5 mol% and 9.2 mol% or less, and may be 8.5 mol% or less.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is lower than the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the third layer 4, and the polyvinyl acetal in the first layer 2.
- the difference between the hydroxyl group content of the resin and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the third layer 4 was 9.2 mol.
- the acetylation degree of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is preferably 8 mol% or less.
- the content difference (1-3) is 8.5 mol% or less
- the content difference (1-2) exceeds 8.5 mol% and is 9.2 mol% or less.
- the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is preferably 8 mol% or less.
- the content difference (1-3) exceeds 8.5 mol%, may be 9.2 mol% or less, and may be 8.5 mol% or less.
- the present inventors have controlled the content of each hydroxyl group of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first to third layers as described above. Thus, it has been found that the occurrence of foaming and the growth of foaming in the laminated glass can be sufficiently suppressed.
- content of the said plasticizer with respect to 100 weight part of the said polyvinyl acetal resin in the 1st layer 2 is content of the said plasticizer with respect to 100 weight part of the said polyvinyl acetal resin in the 2nd, 3rd layers 3 and 4.
- the amount is larger than the amount, foaming tends to occur more easily. Furthermore, once foaming occurs, the generated foam becomes a nucleus and the foam tends to grow.
- the content of each hydroxyl group of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first to third layers as described above, the occurrence of foaming and the growth of foam in the laminated glass can be sufficiently suppressed.
- the preferred lower limit of the difference from the content of each hydroxyl group in the acetal resin is 0.1 mol%, more preferred lower limit is 1 mol%, still more preferred.
- the lower limit is 2 mol%, the preferred upper limit is 8.5 mol%, the more preferred upper limit is 7.8 mol%, the still more preferred upper limit is 7 mol%, and the particularly preferred upper limit is 5.6 mol%.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 and the above in the second and third layers 3 and 4 The difference from the content of each hydroxyl group in the polyvinyl acetal resin (content difference (1-2) and content difference (1-3)) is preferably 5 mol% or less, more preferably 4.5 mol% or less, more More preferably, it is 4 mol% or less, More preferably, it is 3.5 mol% or less.
- the glass transition temperature of the resin film B is Tg (° C.)
- the ratio of the elastic modulus G ′ (Tg + 80) at Tg + 80) ° C. to the elastic modulus G ′ (Tg + 30) at (Tg + 30) ° C. is 0.65 or more. Is also preferable.
- the first layer 2 is used as the resin film B, and the first layer 2 itself is the resin film B.
- the resin film B is the first layer 2 and includes the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer in a weight ratio in the first layer 2.
- the elastic modulus is It is more preferable to measure G ′ (Tg + 80) and elastic modulus G ′ (Tg + 30).
- the present inventors have found that the ratio (G ′ (Tg + 80) / G ′ (Tg + 30)) according to the test method B is 0.65 or more. It has also been found that the occurrence of foaming and the growth of foaming in the laminated glass can be sufficiently suppressed. Even if there is much content of the said plasticizer in the 1st layer 2, since generation
- the second and third layers 3 and 4 are laminated on both surfaces of the first layer 2 configured so that the ratio (G ′ (Tg + 80) / G ′ (Tg + 30)) is 0.65 or more.
- the use of the interlayer film 1 for laminated glass can further suppress the generation of foam and the growth of foam in the laminated glass.
- the ratio (G ′ (Tg + 80) / G ′ (Tg + 30)) is 0.65 or more, preferably 1.0 or less.
- the ratio (G ′ (Tg + 80) / G ′ (Tg + 30)) is 0.65 or more, even if the laminated glass is stored under considerably severe conditions or for a long period of time, the occurrence of foaming and foaming in the laminated glass Can be sufficiently suppressed.
- the ratio (G ′ (Tg + 80) / G ′ (Tg + 30)) is not less than the above lower limit and not more than the above upper limit, even if the laminated glass is stored under considerably severe conditions or for a long time, Generation of foaming and growth of foaming can be more effectively suppressed.
- the content of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is preferably 40 parts by weight or more.
- the glass transition temperature Tg (° C.) indicates the peak temperature of the loss tangent tan ⁇ obtained from the measurement result obtained by measuring the viscoelasticity.
- the ratio (G ′ (Tg + 80) / G ′ (Tg + 30)) is more preferably 0.7 or more, and more preferably 0.95. It is below, More preferably, it is 0.75 or more, More preferably, it is 0.9 or less.
- the ratio (G ′ (Tg + 80) / G ′ (Tg + 30)) is controlled by the average degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol, the occurrence of foaming and the growth of foam in the laminated glass are sufficiently suppressed, and the sound insulation of the laminated glass is achieved.
- the ratio (G ′ (Tg + 80) / G ′ (Tg + 30)) is preferably 0.65 or more, more preferably 0.66 or more, and still more preferably 0.67 or more. Particularly preferably, it is 0.7 or more, preferably 0.82 or less, more preferably 0.8 or less. Further, when the ratio (G ′ (Tg + 80) / G ′ (Tg + 30)) is 0.82 or less, or 0.8 or less, the intermediate film can be easily formed.
- the average polymerization degree As a method of setting the ratio (G ′ (Tg + 80) / G ′ (Tg + 30)) according to the test method B to 0.65 or more, when synthesizing the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2, the average polymerization degree
- the method of using comparatively high polyvinyl alcohol, the method of strengthening the interaction between the molecules of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the 1st layer 2, etc. are mentioned.
- Examples of a method for strengthening the interaction between the molecules of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 include a method for physically crosslinking the molecules of the polyvinyl acetal resin and a method for chemically crosslinking the molecules.
- the intermediate film 1 can be easily formed with an extruder, when synthesizing the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2, a method of using polyvinyl alcohol having a relatively high average degree of polymerization, A method of physically cross-linking the molecules of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is preferable.
- the loss tangent tan ⁇ and the temperature have a relationship as shown in FIG.
- the temperature at the peak P of the loss tangent tan ⁇ is the glass transition temperature Tg.
- the glass transition temperature Tg at the elastic modulus G ′ of the broken line A2 shown in FIG. 3 and the glass transition temperature Tg at the elastic modulus G ′ of the solid line A1 are the same temperature.
- the change amount D1 in the elastic modulus G ′ of the solid line A1 is smaller than the change amount D2 in the elastic modulus G ′ of the broken line A2. Therefore, in FIG.
- the G ′ (Tg + 30) is preferably 200,000 Pa or more.
- G ′ (Tg + 30) is more preferably 220,000 Pa or more, further preferably 230,000 Pa or more, particularly preferably 240,000 Pa or more, preferably 10 million Pa or less, more preferably 5 million Pa or less, particularly preferably It is 1,000,000 Pa or less, most preferably 500,000 Pa or less, and most preferably 300,000 Pa or less.
- production of foaming and growth of foaming in a laminated glass can be suppressed more effectively as said G '(Tg + 30) is more than the said minimum.
- the relationship between the elastic modulus G ′ and temperature is greatly influenced by the type of polyvinyl acetal resin, particularly greatly influenced by the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol used to obtain the polyvinyl acetal resin, and the type of plasticizer.
- the plasticizer content is not greatly affected by the content of the general plasticizer.
- the said polyvinyl acetal resin in the 1st layer 2 is obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an average degree of polymerization exceeding 3000. Is also preferable.
- the ratio (G ′ (Tg + 80) / G ′ (Tg + 30)) may not be 0.65 or more, but is preferably 0.65 or more.
- the polyvinyl acetal obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol having an average degree of polymerization exceeding 3000 in the first layer 2 It is preferable that content of the said plasticizer with respect to 100 weight part of resin is 40 weight part or more. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of further suppressing the generation of foaming and the growth of foaming in the laminated glass, the polyvinyl acetal obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol having an average degree of polymerization exceeding 3000 in the first layer 2
- the hydroxyl group content of the resin is preferably 30 mol% or less.
- the content of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is preferably 40 parts by weight or more, more preferably 50 parts by weight. Above, more preferably 55 parts by weight or more, particularly preferably 60 parts by weight or more.
- the content of each hydroxyl group of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first to third layers can be controlled as described above, or the ratio ( By controlling G ′ (Tg + 80) / G ′ (Tg + 30)), generation of foaming and growth of foaming in the laminated glass can be more effectively suppressed.
- the first layer includes a polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a polyvinyl acetal resin (1)).
- the second layer contains a polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter may be referred to as a polyvinyl acetal resin (2)).
- the third layer preferably contains a polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a polyvinyl acetal resin (3)).
- Each of the polyvinyl acetal resins (1) to (3) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the first layer includes a plasticizer (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a plasticizer (1)).
- the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) contained in the first layer is not particularly limited as long as the absolute value of the SP value difference from the plasticizer (1) is 0.5 or less.
- the “SP value” means a solubility parameter.
- the “SP value” can be calculated using the Fedors method (RF Fedors, Polym. Eng. Sci., 14, 147 (1974)).
- the SP value of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) includes, for example, the type of hydrophobic group in the polyvinyl acetal resin, the degree of hydrophobicity of the hydrophobic group and the amount of the hydrophobic group, and the type of hydrophilic group, It depends on the degree of hydrophilicity of the hydrophilic group and the amount of the hydrophilic group.
- the absolute value of the difference in SP value between the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) and the plasticizer (1) is 0.5 or less, the affinity between the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) and the plasticizer (1) is increased.
- the first layer exhibits various glass transition temperatures depending on the external temperature. As a result, the sound insulation in the high frequency region of the laminated glass is enhanced over a wide temperature range. In order to increase the sound insulation in the high frequency range of the laminated glass over a wide temperature range, the smaller the absolute value of the SP value difference, the better.
- the absolute value of the difference in SP value between the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) and the plasticizer (1) is preferably 0.47 or less, more preferably 0.4 or less, still more preferably 0.3 or less, particularly preferably 0. .2 or less, most preferably 0.1 or less.
- the plasticizer contained in the second layer or the third layer may migrate to the first layer.
- the absolute value of the difference in SP value between the plasticizer transferred to the first layer and the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) may be 0.5 or less, or may exceed 0.5.
- the plasticizer transferred to the first layer and a polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably 0.5 or less.
- the absolute value of the difference is preferably 0.5 or less.
- the polyvinyl acetal resins (2) and (3) contained in the second and third layers are not particularly limited. Conventionally known polyvinyl acetal resins can be used as the polyvinyl acetal resins (2) and (3).
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is the content of each hydroxyl group of the polyvinyl acetal resins (2) and (3). Preferably it is lower than the rate.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is the content of each hydroxyl group of the polyvinyl acetal resins (2) and (3). It is more preferably 1 mol% or more lower than the rate, further preferably 5 mol% or less, and particularly preferably 7 mol% or less.
- the hydroxyl group content (hydroxyl content) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably 0 mol% or more, and preferably 30 mol% or less.
- the plasticizer is less likely to bleed out, and the moisture resistance of the interlayer film is further enhanced.
- the penetration resistance of a laminated glass becomes it still higher that the content rate of the said hydroxyl group is below the said upper limit.
- the flexibility of the interlayer film is increased, and the handling of the interlayer film is facilitated.
- the hydroxyl group content (hydroxyl group amount) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is more preferably less than 25 mol%, still more preferably. Is 24 mol% or less, particularly preferably 23 mol% or less.
- the hydroxyl group content (hydroxyl content) of the polyvinyl acetal resins (2) and (3) is preferably 10 mol% or more, and preferably 50 mol% or less.
- the plasticizer is less likely to bleed out, and the moisture resistance of the interlayer film is further enhanced.
- the penetration resistance of a laminated glass becomes it still higher that the content rate of the said hydroxyl group is below the said upper limit.
- the flexibility of the interlayer film is increased, and the handling of the interlayer film is facilitated.
- the hydroxyl group content (hydroxyl group amount) of the polyvinyl acetal resins (2) and (3) is more preferably 20 mol. % Or more, more preferably 24 mol% or more, particularly preferably 30 mol% or more, more preferably less than 40 mol%, still more preferably 35 mol% or less, particularly preferably 33 mol% or less.
- the content of hydroxyl groups in the polyvinyl acetal resins (1) to (3) is a percentage (mol%) obtained by dividing the amount of ethylene groups to which hydroxyl groups are bonded by the total amount of ethylene groups in the main chain. ).
- the amount of the ethylene group to which the hydroxyl group is bonded can be calculated from the result measured by a method based on JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral” or ASTM D1396-92.
- the degree of acetylation (the amount of acetyl groups) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is 0 mol% or more, preferably 40 mol% or less. From the viewpoint of further increasing the sound insulation in the high frequency range of the laminated glass over a wide temperature range, the degree of acetylation (acetyl group amount) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is more preferably 0.5 mol% or more, More preferably, it is 1 mol% or more, Especially preferably, it is 3 mol% or more, More preferably, it is less than 30 mol%, More preferably, it is 25 mol% or less.
- the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resins (2) and (3) is preferably 0 mol% or more, and preferably 10 mol% or less.
- the degree of acetylation degree is not less than the above lower limit, the moisture resistance of the interlayer film and the laminated glass is increased.
- the degree of acetylation is less than or equal to the above upper limit, the strength of the interlayer film is increased, and bleed out of the plasticizer can be suppressed.
- the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resins (2) and (3) is more preferably 8 mol% or less, and still more preferably.
- the degree of acetylation is obtained by subtracting the amount of ethylene groups to which acetal groups are bonded and the amount of ethylene groups to which hydroxyl groups are bonded from the total amount of ethylene groups of the main chain, This is a value expressed as a percentage (mol%) of the mole fraction obtained by dividing by.
- the amount of the ethylene group to which the acetal group is bonded can be calculated from, for example, a result measured by a method based on JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral” or a method based on ASTM D1396-92.
- the method for measuring the degree of acetylation is preferably a method based on ASTM D1396-92.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin (1 ) Is preferably more than 8 mol%. Since the sound insulation of the laminated glass can be further enhanced, when the content difference (1-3) is 8.5 mol% or less, the polyvinyl acetal resin (1 ) Is preferably more than 8 mol%.
- the content difference (1-2) is more than 8.5 mol% and 9.2 mol% or less, or the content difference (1- When 2) is 9.2 mol% or less, the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) in the first layer is 68 mol% or more, or the hydroxyl group content is 31 It is preferably less than 5 mol%.
- the content difference (1-3) exceeds 8.5 mol% and is 9.2 mol% or less, or the content difference (1- When 3) is 9.2 mol% or less, the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) in the first layer is 68 mol% or more, or the hydroxyl group content is 31 It is preferably less than 5 mol%.
- the polyvinyl acetal resins (1) to (3) can be produced, for example, by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde.
- the polyvinyl alcohol can be obtained, for example, by saponifying polyvinyl acetate.
- the saponification degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is generally in the range of 70 to 99.9 mol%, preferably in the range of 75 to 99.8 mol%, and preferably in the range of 80 to 99.8 mol%. It is more preferable.
- the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol for obtaining the polyvinyl acetal resins (1) to (3) is preferably 200 or more, more preferably 500 or more, still more preferably 1600 or more, particularly preferably 2600 or more, and most preferably. It is 2700 or more, preferably 5000 or less, more preferably 4000 or less, and further preferably 3500 or less.
- the average degree of polymerization is not less than the above lower limit, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass is further enhanced.
- the average degree of polymerization is not more than the above upper limit, the intermediate film can be easily molded.
- the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is particularly preferably 2700 or more and 5000 or less.
- the preferred lower limit of the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol used to obtain the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) in the first layer is 3010.
- the preferred lower limit is 3050, the preferred lower limit is 3500, the preferred lower limit is 3600, the preferred lower limit is 4000, the preferred lower limit is 4050, the preferred upper limit is 7000, the preferred upper limit is 6000, the preferred upper limit is 5000, the preferred upper limit is 4900, and the preferred upper limit is 4500. It is.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin (1
- the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol used to obtain the above is preferably 3010 or more, more preferably 3020 or more, preferably 4000 or less, more preferably less than 4000, 3800 More preferably, it is more preferably 3600 or less, and most preferably 3500 or less.
- the polyvinyl acetal resins (2) and (3) in the second and third layers can be produced by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol.
- the preferable lower limit of the average degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol for obtaining the polyvinyl acetal resins (2) and (3) in the second and third layers is 200, the more preferable lower limit is 500, the still more preferable lower limit is 1000, and the particularly preferable lower limit. Is 1500, the preferred upper limit is 4000, the more preferred upper limit is 3500, the still more preferred upper limit is 3000, and the particularly preferred upper limit is 2500.
- the average degree of polymerization satisfies the preferable lower limit, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass can be further enhanced.
- the average degree of polymerization satisfies the preferable upper limit the intermediate film can be easily formed.
- the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol used to obtain the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) in the first layer is used to obtain the polyvinyl acetal resins (2) and (3) in the second and third layers. It is preferably higher than the average degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol, preferably 500 or higher, preferably 800 or higher, more preferably 1000 or higher, still more preferably 1300 or higher, particularly preferably 1800 or higher. .
- the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is determined by a method based on JIS K6726 “Testing method for polyvinyl alcohol”.
- the carbon number of the acetal group contained in the polyvinyl acetal resin is not particularly limited.
- the aldehyde used when manufacturing the said polyvinyl acetal resin is not specifically limited.
- the acetal group in the polyvinyl acetal resin preferably has 3 to 5 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 or 4. When the carbon number of the acetal group in the polyvinyl acetal resin is 3 or more, the glass transition temperature of the intermediate film is sufficiently low, and the sound insulation of solid sound at a low temperature is further enhanced.
- the aldehyde is not particularly limited. In general, an aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is preferably used as the aldehyde.
- Examples of the aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms include propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, n-valeraldehyde, 2-ethylbutyraldehyde, n-hexylaldehyde, n-octylaldehyde, and n-nonylaldehyde.
- propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, n-hexylaldehyde or n-valeraldehyde is preferable, propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde or isobutyraldehyde is more preferable, and n-butyraldehyde is further preferable.
- the said aldehyde only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably a polyvinyl butyral resin.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention preferably contains a polyvinyl butyral resin as the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first to third layers. Synthesis of polyvinyl butyral resin is easy. Furthermore, the use of the polyvinyl butyral resin allows the intermediate film to have a more appropriate adhesive force with respect to the laminated glass component. Furthermore, light resistance, weather resistance, etc. can be further improved.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin (1 ) Is a polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter also referred to as “polyvinyl acetal resin A”) having an acetylation degree of less than 8 mol%, or a polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter referred to as “polyvinyl acetal” having an acetylation degree of 8 mol% or more.
- Resin B is preferable.
- the degree of acetylation a of the polyvinyl acetal resin A is less than 8 mol%, preferably 7.5 mol% or less, preferably 7 mol% or less, and preferably 6 mol% or less, 5 mol% or less is preferable, 0.1 mol% or more is preferable, 0.5 mol% or more is preferable, 0.8 mol% or more is preferable, and 1 mol% or more is preferable. Preferably, it is 2 mol% or more, preferably 3 mol% or more, and preferably 4 mol% or more.
- the acetylation degree a is not more than the above upper limit and not less than the above lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer is further enhanced, and the sound insulation of the laminated glass can be further enhanced.
- a preferable lower limit of the degree of acetalization a of the polyvinyl acetal resin A is 68 mol%, a more preferable lower limit is 70 mol%, a further preferable lower limit is 71 mol%, a particularly preferable lower limit is 72 mol%, and a preferable upper limit is 85 mol%.
- a preferred upper limit is 83 mol%, a more preferred upper limit is 81 mol%, and a particularly preferred upper limit is 79 mol%.
- the hydroxyl group content a of the polyvinyl acetal resin A is preferably 30 mol% or less, preferably 27.5 mol% or less, preferably 27 mol% or less, and 26 mol% or less. It is preferably 25 mol% or less, preferably 24 mol% or less, preferably 23 mol% or less, preferably 16 mol% or more, and 18 mol% or more. It is preferable that it is 19 mol% or more, and it is preferable that it is 20 mol% or more.
- the hydroxyl group content a is not more than the above upper limit, the sound insulation of the laminated glass can be further enhanced.
- the hydroxyl group content a is equal to or higher than the lower limit, the adhesive strength of the intermediate film can be further increased.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin A is preferably a polyvinyl butyral resin.
- the degree of acetylation b of the polyvinyl acetal resin B is 8 mol% or more, preferably 9 mol% or more, preferably 10 mol% or more, preferably 11 mol% or more, 12 It is preferably at least mol%, preferably at most 30 mol%, preferably at most 28 mol%, preferably at most 26 mol%, preferably at most 24 mol%, It is preferably at most 1 mol%, more preferably at most 19.5 mol%.
- the acetylation degree b is not less than the above lower limit, the sound insulation of the laminated glass can be further enhanced.
- the reaction time required for producing the polyvinyl acetal resin B can be shortened.
- the acetylation degree b of the said polyvinyl acetal resin B is less than 20 mol%.
- the preferable lower limit of the degree of acetalization b of the polyvinyl acetal resin B is 50 mol%, the more preferable lower limit is 52.5 mol%, the still more preferable lower limit is 54 mol%, the particularly preferable lower limit is 60 mol%, and the preferable upper limit is 80 mol%.
- a more preferred upper limit is 77 mol%, a still more preferred upper limit is 74 mol%, and a particularly preferred upper limit is 71 mol%.
- the acetalization degree b is equal to or higher than the lower limit, the sound insulation of the laminated glass can be further enhanced.
- the acetalization degree b is not more than the above upper limit, the reaction time required for producing the polyvinyl acetal resin B can be shortened.
- the hydroxyl content b of the polyvinyl acetal resin B is preferably 30 mol% or less, preferably 27.5 mol% or less, preferably 27 mol% or less, and 26 mol% or less. It is preferably 25 mol% or less, preferably 18 mol% or more, preferably 20 mol% or more, preferably 22 mol% or more, and 23 mol% or more. It is preferable.
- the hydroxyl group content b is not more than the above upper limit, the sound insulation of the laminated glass can be further enhanced.
- the hydroxyl group content b is not less than the above lower limit, the adhesive strength of the intermediate film can be further increased.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin B is preferably a polyvinyl butyral resin.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin A and the polyvinyl acetal resin B are preferably obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol having an average polymerization degree exceeding 3000 with an aldehyde.
- the aldehyde is preferably an aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably an aldehyde having 4 or 5 carbon atoms.
- the preferred lower limit of the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is 3010, the preferred lower limit is 3050, the preferred lower limit is 3500, the preferred lower limit is 3600, the preferred lower limit is 4000, the preferred lower limit is 4050, the preferred upper limit is 7000, the preferred upper limit is 6000, and the preferred upper limit.
- the polyvinyl acetal resins A and B in the first layer are particularly preferably obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol having an average degree of polymerization of more than 3000 and less than 4000.
- the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol used to obtain B is preferably 3010 or more, more preferably 3020 or more, preferably 4000 or less, more preferably less than 4000, 3800 More preferably, it is more preferably 3600 or less, and most preferably 3500 or less.
- the preferred lower limit of the weight average molecular weight of the polyvinyl acetal resins (1) to (3) is 100,000, the more preferred lower limit is 300,000, the preferred upper limit is 10,000,000, and the more preferred upper limit is 5,000,000. is there.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin is not more than the preferable lower limit, the strength of the interlayer film may be lowered.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin exceeds the preferable upper limit, the strength of the obtained interlayer film may be too strong.
- the said weight average molecular weight shows the weight average molecular weight in polystyrene conversion by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurement.
- the said weight average molecular weight and the said number average molecular weight show the weight average molecular weight and number average molecular weight in polystyrene conversion by a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurement.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- An approximate straight line obtained by plotting the molecular weight against the elution time indicated by the peak top of each standard sample peak is used as a calibration curve.
- the surface layer (the second and third layers) and the intermediate layer (the first layer) And the peeled first layer (intermediate layer) is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) to prepare a 0.1 wt% solution.
- the obtained solution can be analyzed by a GPC apparatus, and a weight average molecular weight and a number average molecular weight can be measured.
- a GPC apparatus As a GPC apparatus, a GPC apparatus (Hitachi High-Tech "RI: L2490, autosampler: L-2200, pump: L-2130, GPC apparatus to which a GPC light scattering detector (" Model 270 (RALS + VISCO) "manufactured by VISCOTEK)" is connected. Column oven: L-2350, column: GL-A120-S and GL-A100MX-S in series ”) can be used to analyze the weight average molecular weight and the number average molecular weight.
- the first layer includes a plasticizer (1).
- the second layer includes a plasticizer (hereinafter may be referred to as a plasticizer (2)).
- the third layer includes a plasticizer (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a plasticizer (3)).
- Each of the plasticizers (1), (2), and (3) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the plasticizer (1) contained in the first layer is not particularly limited as long as the absolute value of the SP value difference from the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is 0.5 or less.
- the SP value of the plasticizer (1) is, for example, when the plasticizer (1) is a diester compound, the type of hydrophobic group, the degree of hydrophobicity of the hydrophobic group, and the amount of the hydrophobic group, In addition, it varies depending on the type of hydrophilic group, the degree of hydrophilicity of the hydrophilic group, and the amount of the hydrophilic group.
- the plasticizers (2) and (3) contained in the second and third layers are not particularly limited. Conventionally known plasticizers can be used as the plasticizers (2) and (3).
- plasticizers (1) to (3) examples include organic ester plasticizers such as monobasic organic acid esters and polybasic organic acid esters, and organic phosphate plasticizers and organic phosphorous acid plasticizers. A phosphoric acid plasticizer etc. are mentioned. Of these, organic ester plasticizers are preferred.
- the plasticizer is preferably a liquid plasticizer.
- the monobasic organic acid ester is not particularly limited.
- examples include esters.
- Examples of the glycol include triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, and tripropylene glycol.
- Examples of the monobasic organic acid include butyric acid, isobutyric acid, caproic acid, 2-ethylbutyric acid, heptylic acid, n-octylic acid, 2-ethylhexylic acid, n-nonylic acid, and decylic acid.
- the polybasic organic acid ester is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an ester compound of a polybasic organic acid and an alcohol having a linear or branched structure having 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the polybasic organic acid include adipic acid, sebacic acid, and azelaic acid.
- the organic ester plasticizer is not particularly limited, and triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, triethylene glycol dicaprylate, triethylene glycol di-n- Octanoate, triethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl carbitol adipate, ethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,3-propylene glycol di -2-Ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethyl hexanoate, dipropylene glycol Rudi-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylpentanoate, te
- the organic phosphate plasticizer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include tributoxyethyl phosphate, isodecylphenyl phosphate, triisopropyl phosphate, and the like.
- the plasticizer (1) contained in the first layer and the plastic contained in the second and third layers are preferably a diester plasticizer represented by the following formula (1).
- R1 and R2 each represent an organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R3 represents an ethylene group, an isopropylene group or an n-propylene group
- p represents an integer of 2 to 10 .
- p is preferably 3 or more.
- the organic group may be a hydrocarbon group or an organic group having at least one ether bond. When the organic group does not have an ether bond, p is preferably 3 to 10, and when the organic group has an ether bond, p is preferably 2 to 8.
- the plasticizer (1) is preferably a diester plasticizer represented by the following formula (1A).
- R1 and R2 each represent an organic group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms
- R3 represents an ethylene group, an isopropylene group or an n-propylene group
- p represents an integer of 2 to 10 .
- the number of carbon atoms of the organic group in R1 and R2 in the above formula (1A) is more preferably 2 or more, and more preferably 4 or less.
- P in the formula (1A) is preferably 3 or more, and preferably 8 or less.
- plasticizer represented by the above formula (1A) examples include triethylene glycol diacetate (3G1), triethylene glycol di-n-propanoate (3GE), triethylene glycol di-n-butanoate (3GB), and the like. . Of these, triethylene glycol di-n-butanoate (3 GB) is preferable.
- the plasticizers (2) and (3) are each preferably a diester plasticizer represented by the following formula (1B).
- R1 and R2 each represents an organic group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms
- R3 represents an ethylene group, an isopropylene group or an n-propylene group
- p represents an integer of 3 to 10
- R1 and R2 in the above formula (1B) are each preferably an organic group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the plasticizers (2) and (3) contain at least one of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) and triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate (3GH). Preferably, it contains triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate.
- the content of the plasticizer (1) is preferably 20 parts by weight or more and preferably 90 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1). From the viewpoint of further improving the sound insulation in the high frequency range of the laminated glass over a wide temperature range, in the first layer, the plasticizer (1) is used with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1).
- the content is more preferably 30 parts by weight or more, and more preferably 80 parts by weight or less.
- the penetration resistance of a laminated glass becomes still higher that content of the said plasticizer (1) is more than the said minimum.
- the transparency of the interlayer film is further increased.
- the content of the plasticizers (2) and (3) is preferably 10 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resins (2) and (3).
- the amount is preferably 50 parts by weight or less.
- the polyvinyl acetal resins (2) and (3) in 100 parts by weight in the second and third layers Each content of the plasticizers (2) and (3) is more preferably 15 parts by weight or more, and more preferably 40 parts by weight or less.
- the penetration resistance of a laminated glass becomes still higher that content of the said plasticizers (2) and (3) is more than the said minimum.
- the content of the plasticizers (2) and (3) is not more than the above upper limit, the transparency of the interlayer film is further increased.
- the plasticizers (2) and (3) are diester plasticizers represented by the above formula (1A), the polyvinyl acetal resins (2) and (3) are used in the second and third layers.
- Each content of the plasticizers (2) and (3) is preferably 10 parts by weight or more and preferably 30 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight.
- the content of the plasticizer (1) relative to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) in the first layer is the polyvinyl acetal in the second and third layers. It is preferable that the content of the plasticizer is more than 100 parts by weight of the resins (2) and (3) than the contents (2) and (3).
- R1 and R2 are each more preferably an alkyl group having 9 or less carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 8 or less carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an alkyl group having 7 or less carbon atoms.
- the first layer contains triethylene glycol di-n-propanoate (3GE) or triethylene glycol di-n- as the plasticizer (1). More preferably, it contains butanoate (3GB), and more preferably it contains triethylene glycol di-n-butanoate (3GB).
- 3GE triethylene glycol di-n-propanoate
- 3GB butanoate
- 3GB triethylene glycol di-n-butanoate
- the plasticizer (1) is expressed by the formula (1) in order to further enhance the sound insulating property in the high frequency range of the laminated glass over a wide temperature range.
- R1 and R2 are each more preferably an alkyl group having 7 or less carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an alkyl group having 5 or less carbon atoms, It is more preferably an alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms, and further preferably an alkyl group having 3 or more carbon atoms.
- the first layer contains triethylene glycol diacetate (3G1) or triethylene glycol di-n-propanoate (3) as the plasticizer (1).
- 3GE triethylene glycol diacetate
- 3G1 triethylene glycol di-n-propanoate
- Each of the above first to third layers is, if necessary, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, a pigment, a dye, an adhesion modifier, a moisture-resistant agent, and a fluorescent whitening agent.
- Additives such as an agent and an infrared absorber may be included. As for these additives, only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- the thickness of the first layer is preferably in the range of 0.02 to 1.8 mm.
- the thickness of the first layer is more preferably 0.05 mm or more, and more preferably 0.5 mm or less.
- the thicknesses of the second and third layers are each preferably in the range of 0.1 mm to 1 mm.
- the thickness of the second and third layers is more preferably 0.2 mm or more, and more preferably 0.5 mm or less.
- the thickness of the second and third layers is not less than the above lower limit and not more than the above upper limit, the thickness of the intermediate film does not become too thick, and the sound insulating properties of the intermediate film and the laminated glass are further increased, and the plasticizer Bleed-out can be suppressed.
- the ratio of the thickness of the first layer to the thickness of the intermediate film ((thickness of the first layer) / (thickness of the intermediate film)) is small, and the content of the plasticizer contained in the first layer As the amount increases, foaming occurs in the laminated glass and the foam tends to grow.
- the ratio in the intermediate film is 0.05 or more and 0.35 or less, even if the content of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is large, it is combined.
- production of foaming in glass and the growth of foam are fully suppressed, and the sound-insulating property of a laminated glass can be improved further.
- the ratio ((the thickness of the first layer) / (the thickness of the intermediate film)) is preferably 0.06 or more, more preferably 0.07 or more, still more preferably 0.08 or more, and particularly preferably 0.1 or more. , Preferably 0.3 or less, more preferably 0.25 or less, still more preferably 0.2 or less, particularly preferably 0.15 or less.
- the thickness of the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 3 mm.
- the thickness of the intermediate film is more preferably 0.25 mm or more, and more preferably 1.5 mm or less.
- the thickness of the intermediate film is not less than the above lower limit, the penetration resistance of the intermediate film and the laminated glass is sufficiently high.
- the thickness of the interlayer film is not more than the above upper limit, the transparency of the interlayer film is further improved.
- the method for producing the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention is not particularly limited.
- a conventionally known method can be used as a method for producing the intermediate film.
- the manufacturing method etc. which knead
- the method of kneading is not particularly limited. Examples of this method include a method using an extruder, a plastograph, a kneader, a Banbury mixer, a calendar roll, or the like. Especially, since it is suitable for continuous production, a method using an extruder is preferable, and a method using a twin screw extruder is more preferable.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention the first layer and the second and third layers are separately manufactured, and then the first layer and the second and third layers are laminated. A multilayer interlayer film may be obtained, or the interlayer may be obtained by laminating the first layer and the second and third layers by coextrusion.
- the second and third layers contain the same polyvinyl acetal resin, and the second and third layers contain the same polyvinyl acetal resin and It is more preferable that the same plasticizer is contained, and it is further preferable that the second and third layers are formed of the same resin composition.
- FIG. 2 An example of the laminated glass using the intermediate film for laminated glasses which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is shown with sectional drawing.
- a laminated glass 11 shown in FIG. 2 includes an intermediate film 1 and first and second laminated glass constituent members 21 and 22.
- the intermediate film 1 is sandwiched between the first and second laminated glass constituent members 21 and 22.
- a first laminated glass constituting member 21 is laminated on the first surface 1 a of the intermediate film 1.
- a second laminated glass constituting member 22 is laminated on a second surface 1b opposite to the first surface 1a of the intermediate film 1.
- a first laminated glass constituting member 21 is laminated on the outer surface 3 a of the second layer 3.
- a second laminated glass constituent member 22 is laminated on the outer surface 4 a of the third layer 4.
- the laminated glass according to the present invention includes a first laminated glass constituent member, a second laminated glass constituent member, and an intermediate film sandwiched between the first and second laminated glass constituent members.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention is used as the interlayer film.
- first and second laminated glass constituent members include glass plates and PET (polyethylene terephthalate) films.
- the laminated glass includes not only laminated glass in which an intermediate film is sandwiched between two glass plates, but also laminated glass in which an intermediate film is sandwiched between a glass plate and a PET film or the like.
- Laminated glass is a laminated body provided with a glass plate, and preferably at least one glass plate is used.
- the glass plate examples include inorganic glass and organic glass.
- the inorganic glass examples include float plate glass, heat ray absorbing plate glass, heat ray reflecting plate glass, polished plate glass, mold plate glass, mesh plate glass, wire plate glass, and green glass.
- the organic glass is a synthetic resin glass substituted for inorganic glass.
- the organic glass examples include polycarbonate plates and poly (meth) acrylic resin plates.
- the poly (meth) acrylic resin plate include a polymethyl (meth) acrylate plate.
- the thickness of the first and second laminated glass constituent members is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 1 to 5 mm.
- the thickness of the glass plate is preferably in the range of 1 to 5 mm.
- the thickness of the PET film is preferably in the range of 0.03 to 0.5 mm.
- the method for producing the laminated glass is not particularly limited.
- the first and second laminated glass constituent members are sandwiched between the first and second laminated glass members, passed through a pressing roll, or put in a rubber bag and sucked under reduced pressure.
- the air remaining between the glass component and the intermediate film is degassed. Thereafter, it is pre-adhered at about 70 to 110 ° C. to obtain a laminate.
- the laminate is put in an autoclave or pressed and pressed at about 120 to 150 ° C. and a pressure of 1 to 1.5 MPa. In this way, a laminated glass can be obtained.
- the laminated glass can be used for automobiles, railway vehicles, aircraft, ships, buildings, and the like. Laminated glass can be used for other purposes.
- the intermediate film is preferably an architectural or vehicle intermediate film, and more preferably a vehicle intermediate film.
- the laminated glass is preferably laminated glass for buildings or vehicles, and more preferably an interlayer film for vehicles.
- the interlayer film and the laminated glass are suitably used for an electric vehicle using an electric motor and a hybrid electric vehicle using an internal combustion engine and an electric motor.
- the laminated glass can be used for an automobile windshield, side glass, rear glass, roof glass, or the like.
- the following polyvinyl acetal resins and plasticizers were used.
- the acetalization degree (butyralization degree), the acetylation degree, and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin were measured in accordance with JIS K6728 “Testing methods for polyvinyl butyral”.
- JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral” was shown.
- Polyvinyl acetal resin Polyvinyl acetal resin a (polyvinyl butyral resin, using n-butyraldehyde, acetalization degree 65 mol%, acetylation degree 12 mol%, hydroxyl group content 23 mol%, SP value: 9.64) Polyvinyl acetal resin a2 (polyvinyl butyral resin, using n-butyraldehyde, acetalization degree 65 mol%, acetylation degree 12 mol%, hydroxyl group content 23 mol%, SP value: 9.64) Polyvinyl acetal resin a3 (polyvinyl butyral resin, using n-butyraldehyde, acetalization degree 65 mol%, acetylation degree 12 mol%, hydroxyl group content 23 mol%, SP value: 9.64)
- Polyvinyl acetal resin b polyvinyl butyral resin, using n-butyraldehyde, acetalization degree 55 mol%, acetylation degree 24 mol%, hydroxyl group content 21 mol%, SP value: 9.75
- Polyvinyl acetal resin c polyvinyl butyral resin, using n-butyraldehyde, degree of acetalization 72 mol%, degree of acetylation 6 mol%, hydroxyl group content 22 mol%, SP value: 9.5
- Polyvinyl acetal resin c2 polyvinyl butyral resin, using n-butyraldehyde, acetalization degree 72 mol%, acetylation degree 6 mol%, hydroxyl group content 22 mol%, SP value: 9.5
- Polyvinyl acetal resin d polyvinyl butyral resin, using n-butyraldehyde, acetalization degree 78 mol%, acetylation degree 1 mol%, hydroxyl group content 21 mol%, SP value: 9.35
- Polyvinyl acetal resin d2 polyvinyl butyral resin, using n-butyraldehyde, acetalization degree 78 mol%, acetylation degree 1 mol%, hydroxyl group content 21 mol%, SP value: 9.35
- Polyvinyl acetal resin e polyvinyl butyral resin, using n-butyraldehyde, acetalization degree 68 mol%, acetylation degree 1 mol%, hydroxyl group content 31 mol%)
- Polyvinyl acetal resin f polyvinyl butyral resin, using n-butyraldehyde, acetalization degree 68 mol%, acetylation degree 7.5 mol%, hydroxyl group content 24.5 mol%)
- Polyvinyl acetal resin h polyvinyl butyral resin, using n-butyraldehyde, acetalization degree 75 mol%, acetylation degree 6 mol%, hydroxyl group content 19 mol%)
- Polyvinyl acetal resin i polyvinyl butyral resin, using n-butyraldehyde, acetalization degree 72 mol%, acetylation degree 12 mol%, hydroxyl group content 16 mol%)
- the polyvinyl acetal resin obtained was obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol.
- Table 1 shows the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin f was obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol, and the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol was 1700, respectively.
- Example 1 Production of Intermediate Film 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl acetal resin a and 60 parts by weight of a plasticizer (3G1) were sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll to obtain an intermediate layer composition.
- the obtained intermediate layer composition is sandwiched between two fluororesin sheets through a clearance plate having a thickness of the obtained intermediate layer A, and press-molded at 150 ° C. to obtain an intermediate layer having a thickness of 0.1 mm. Layer A was obtained.
- the obtained protective layer composition is sandwiched between two fluororesin sheets through a clearance plate having a thickness of the protective layer B to be obtained, press-molded at 150 ° C., and 2 having a thickness of 0.33 mm. Two protective layers B were obtained.
- Protective layer B, intermediate layer A, and protective layer B were laminated in this order to obtain a laminate having a laminated structure of protective layer B / intermediate layer A / protective layer B.
- the obtained laminate was press-formed at 150 ° C. through a clearance plate having a thickness of the obtained intermediate film between two fluororesin sheets to obtain a multilayer intermediate film having a thickness of 0.76 mm. .
- a multilayer intermediate film having a through hole was sandwiched between two transparent float glasses (length 30 cm ⁇ width 15 cm ⁇ thickness 2.5 mm) to obtain a laminate.
- the outer peripheral edge of the laminate was sealed with a width of 2 cm from the end by heat sealing, thereby enclosing the air remaining in the emboss and the air remaining in the through hole.
- the laminated body was pressure-bonded at 135 ° C. and a pressure of 1.2 MPa for 20 minutes, so that the remaining air was dissolved in the multilayer interlayer film to obtain a laminated glass used for foaming tests A and B.
- the laminated glass used in the foaming tests A and B was prepared using the multilayer interlayer films of Examples 6 to 9 and 13.
- Examples 2 to 15 and Comparative Example 1 In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the types and contents of the polyvinyl butyral resin and the plasticizer used in the intermediate layer A and the protective layer B were set as shown in Table 1 below, the multilayer intermediate film and the laminated glass were prepared. Obtained.
- the peak temperature of tan ⁇ on the low temperature side and the peak temperature of tan ⁇ on the high temperature side of the multilayer interlayer film stored at 15 ° C., 30 ° C. and 40 ° C. for 2 months were measured.
- the peak temperature of tan ⁇ on the high temperature side was almost constant without being affected by the storage temperature.
- the loss factor in the fourth-order mode (around 3.15 kHz) of the resonance frequency of the loss factor measured at 0 ° C. and the loss factor measured at 0 ° C.
- the loss factor in the 6th mode of resonance frequency (near 6.3 kHz) was evaluated.
- the loss factor in the fourth-order mode (around 3.15 kHz) of the resonance frequency of the loss factor measured under the condition of 15 ° C. and the loss coefficient measured under the condition of 15 ° C.
- the loss factor in the 6th mode of resonance frequency (near 6.3 kHz) was evaluated.
- the loss factor in the fourth-order mode (around 3.15 kHz) of the resonance frequency of the loss factor measured at 30 ° C. and the loss factor measured at 30 ° C.
- the loss factor in the 6th mode of resonance frequency (near 6.3 kHz) was evaluated.
- the loss factor in the fourth-order mode (around 3.15 kHz) of the resonance frequency of the loss factor measured under the condition of 40 ° C. and the loss coefficient measured under the condition of 40 ° C.
- the loss factor in the 6th mode of resonance frequency (near 6.3 kHz) was evaluated.
- Foam test A Foaming state
- Five laminated glasses for the multilayer interlayer films of Examples 6 to 9 and 13 were prepared for the foaming test A, and left in an oven at 50 ° C. for 100 hours.
- the presence or absence of foaming and the size of foaming were visually observed in plan view, and the state of foaming was judged according to the following criteria.
- ⁇ No foaming was observed in all the 5 laminated glasses.
- ⁇ The ratio of the average value of the elliptical area (foamed area) was less than 5%.
- ⁇ The ratio of the average value of the elliptical area (foamed area) It was 5% or more and less than 10%
- x The ratio of the average value (foaming area) of the elliptical area was 10% or more
- Foam test B (foaming state) 30 laminated glasses used in the foam test B for the multilayer interlayer films of Examples 6 to 9 and 13 were produced and left in an oven at 50 ° C. for 24 hours. In the laminated glass after being allowed to stand, the number of laminated glasses in which foaming was visually observed was confirmed and judged according to the following criteria.
- the press-molded intermediate layer was placed in a hand press set in advance at 20 ° C. and cooled by pressing at 10 MPa for 10 minutes.
- a constant temperature and humidity chamber humidity 30% ( ⁇ 3%), temperature 23 ° C.
- the viscoelasticity was measured using ARES-G2 manufactured by TAINSTRUMENTS.
- a parallel plate having a diameter of 8 mm was used as a jig. The measurement was performed under the condition of decreasing the temperature from 100 ° C. to ⁇ 10 ° C. at a rate of temperature decrease of 3 ° C./min, and under the conditions of frequency 1 Hz and strain 1%.
- the peak temperature of the loss tangent was defined as the glass transition temperature Tg (° C.). Further, from the obtained measurement result and the glass transition temperature Tg, the value of the elastic modulus G ′ (Tg + 30) at (Tg + 30) ° C. and the value of the elastic modulus G ′ (Tg + 80) at (Tg + 80) ° C. are read. The ratio (G ′ (Tg + 80) / G ′ (Tg + 30)) was determined.
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Abstract
Description
上記第1の層は、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(以下、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(1)と記載することがある)を含む。上記第2の層は、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(以下、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(2)と記載することがある)を含む。上記第3の層は、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(以下、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(3)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(1)~(3)はそれぞれ、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。また、上記第1の層は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(1)と記載することがある)を含む。
上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(1)のSP値は、例えば、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂中の疎水性基の種類、該疎水性基の疎水性の程度及び該疎水性基の量、並びに親水性基の種類、該親水性基の親水性の程度及び該親水性基の量によりかわる。
上記第1の層は、可塑剤(1)を含む。上記第2の層は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(2)と記載することがある)を含む。上記第3の層は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(3)と記載することがある)を含む。上記可塑剤(1),(2),(3)はそれぞれ、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記第1~第3の層はそれぞれ、必要に応じて、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、難燃剤、帯電防止剤、顔料、染料、接着力調整剤、耐湿剤、蛍光増白剤及び赤外線吸収剤等の添加剤を含んでいてもよい。これらの添加剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記第1の層の厚みは、0.02~1.8mmの範囲内であることが好ましい。第1の層の厚みは、より好ましくは0.05mm以上、より好ましくは0.5mm以下である。このような好ましい厚みにすることにより、中間膜の厚みが厚くなりすぎず、かつ中間膜及び合わせガラスの遮音性をより一層高めることができる。
図2に、本発明の一実施形態に係る合わせガラス用中間膜を用いた合わせガラスの一例を断面図で示す。
ポリビニルアセタール樹脂a(ポリビニルブチラール樹脂、n-ブチルアルデヒドを使用、アセタール化度65モル%、アセチル化度12モル%、水酸基の含有率23モル%、SP値:9.64)
ポリビニルアセタール樹脂a2(ポリビニルブチラール樹脂、n-ブチルアルデヒドを使用、アセタール化度65モル%、アセチル化度12モル%、水酸基の含有率23モル%、SP値:9.64)
ポリビニルアセタール樹脂a3(ポリビニルブチラール樹脂、n-ブチルアルデヒドを使用、アセタール化度65モル%、アセチル化度12モル%、水酸基の含有率23モル%、SP値:9.64)
ポリビニルアセタール樹脂c2(ポリビニルブチラール樹脂、n-ブチルアルデヒドを使用、アセタール化度72モル%、アセチル化度6モル%、水酸基の含有率22モル%、SP値:9.5)
ポリビニルアセタール樹脂d2(ポリビニルブチラール樹脂、n-ブチルアルデヒドを使用、アセタール化度78モル%、アセチル化度1モル%、水酸基の含有率21モル%、SP値:9.35)
トリエチレングリコールジアセタート(3G1)(SP値:9.71)
トリエチレングリコールジ-n-プロパノエート(3GE)(SP値:9.56)
トリエチレングリコールジ-n-ブタノエート(3GB)(SP値:9.45)
トリエチレングリコールジ-2-エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)(SP値:9.06)
(1)中間膜の作製
ポリビニルアセタール樹脂a100重量部と、可塑剤(3G1)60重量部とをミキシングロールで充分に混練し、中間層用組成物を得た。
得られた中間膜を、縦30mm×横320mmに切り出した。次に、2枚の透明なフロートガラス(縦25mm×横305mm×厚み2.0mm)の間に中間膜を挟み込み、真空ラミネーターにて90℃で30分間保持し、真空プレスし、積層体を得た。積層体において、ガラスからはみ出た中間膜部分を切り落とし、損失係数の測定に用いる合わせガラスを得た。
得られた多層中間膜を縦30cm×横15cmの大きさに切断し、温度23℃の環境下にて、10時間保管した。なお、得られた多層中間膜の両面にはエンボスが形成されており、そのエンボスの十点平均粗さは30μmであった。切断された多層中間膜において、多層中間膜の端部から縦方向にそれぞれ内側に向かって8cmの位置と、多層中間膜の端部から横方向にそれぞれ内側に向かって5cmの位置との交点4箇所に、直径6mmの貫通孔を作製した。
中間層A及び保護層Bに用いたポリビニルブチラール樹脂及び可塑剤の種類及び含有量を下記の表1に示すように設定したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、多層中間膜及び合わせガラスを得た。
(1)粘弾性測定
得られた多層中間膜を0℃で2ヶ月間保管した後、直径8mmの円形に切り抜き、粘弾性測定装置(レオメトリックス社製「ARES」)を用いて、せん断法にて、歪み量1.0%及び周波数1Hzの条件で、60℃から降温速度5℃/分で動的粘弾性の温度分散測定を行うことにより、低温側のtanδのピーク温度及び高温側のtanδのピーク温度を測定した。低温側のtanδのピーク温度は中間層Aのガラス転移温度(Tg)を示し、高温側のtanδのピーク温度は保護層Bのガラス転移温度(Tg)を示す。
損失係数の測定に用いる合わせガラスを0℃、15℃、30℃及び40℃にそれぞれ、2ヶ月間保管した合わせガラスを用意した。測定装置「SA-01」(リオン社製)を用いて、中央加振法により、保管後の合わせガラスの損失係数を測定した。
発泡試験Aに用いる合わせガラスを、実施例6~9及び13の多層中間膜について5枚作製し、50℃のオーブン内に100時間放置した。放置後の合わせガラスにおいて、発泡の有無及び発泡の大きさを平面視にて目視で観察し、発泡の状態を下記の判定基準で判定した。
5枚の合わせガラスに発生した発泡を、楕円で近似し、その楕円面積を発泡面積とした。5枚の合わせガラスにて観察された楕円面積の平均値を求め、合わせガラスの面積(30cm×15cm)に対する楕円面積の平均値(発泡面積)の割合(百分率)を求めた。
○:楕円面積の平均値(発泡面積)の割合が5%未満であった
△:楕円面積の平均値(発泡面積)の割合が5%以上、10%未満であった
×:楕円面積の平均値(発泡面積)の割合が10%以上であった
発泡試験Bに用いる合わせガラスを、実施例6~9,13の多層中間膜について30枚作製し、50℃のオーブン内に24時間放置した。放置後の合わせガラスにおいて、目視で発泡が観察された合わせガラスの枚数を確認し、下記の判定基準で判定した。
○○:目視で発泡が観察された合わせガラスは5枚以下であった
○:目視で発泡が観察された合わせガラスは6枚以上、10枚以下であった
△:目視で発泡が観察された合わせガラスは11枚以上、15枚以下であった
×:目視で発泡が観察された合わせガラスは16枚以上であった
実施例6~9及び13の合わせガラス用中間膜を恒温恒湿室(湿度30%(±3%)、温度23℃)に1ヶ月間保管した。1ヶ月間保管した後すぐに、表面層と中間層と表面層とを剥離することにより、中間層を取り出した。2枚のポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)フィルムの間に配置された型枠(縦2cm×横2cm×厚み0.76mm)内に、剥離された中間層1gを置き、温度150℃、プレス圧0kg/cm2で10分間予熱した後、80kg/cm2で15分間プレス成型した。予め20℃に設定したハンドプレス機に、プレス成型された中間層を配置し、10MPaで10分間プレスすることにより冷却した。次いで、2枚のPETフィルムの間に配置された型枠から、1枚のPETフィルムを剥離し、恒温恒湿室(湿度30%(±3%)、温度23℃)で24時間保管した後、TAINSTRUMENTS社製のARES-G2を用いて、粘弾性を測定した。治具として、直径8mmのパラレルプレートを用いた。3℃/分の降温速度で100℃から-10℃まで温度を低下させる条件、及び周波数1Hz及び歪1%の条件で測定を行った。得られた測定結果において、損失正接のピーク温度をガラス転移温度Tg(℃)とした。また、得られた測定結果とガラス転移温度Tgとから、(Tg+30)℃での弾性率G’(Tg+30)の値と、(Tg+80)℃での弾性率G’(Tg+80)の値とを読み取り、比(G’(Tg+80)/G’(Tg+30))を求めた。
○○:0.75以上
○:0.70以上、0.75未満
△:0.65以上、0.70未満
1a…第1の表面
1b…第2の表面
2…第1の層
2a…第1の表面
2b…第2の表面
3…第2の層
3a…外側の表面
4…第3の層
4a…外側の表面
11…合わせガラス
21…第1の合わせガラス構成部材
22…第2の合わせガラス構成部材
Claims (16)
- ポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤とを含む第1の層と、
前記第1の層の第1の表面に積層されており、かつポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤とを含む第2の層とを備え、
前記第1の層に含まれているポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤とのSP値の差の絶対値が0.5以下である、合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層に含まれている前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が、前記第2の層に含まれている前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率よりも低い、請求項1に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層に含まれている前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が、前記第2の層に含まれている前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率よりも5モル%以上低い、請求項2に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層に含まれている前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が25モル%未満である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第2の層に含まれている前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が10モル%以上、50モル%以下であり、かつアセチル化度が3モル%未満である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層における前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記可塑剤の含有量が20~90重量部である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第2の層における前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記可塑剤の含有量が10~50重量部である、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する上記可塑剤の含有量が50重量部以上であり、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が、前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率よりも低く、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差が、9.2モル%以下であり、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差が、8.5モル%を超え、9.2モル%以下である場合には、前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂のアセチル化度が8モル%以下である、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層を樹脂膜として用いて、該樹脂膜の粘弾性を測定した場合に、該樹脂膜のガラス転移温度をTg(℃)としたときに、(Tg+80)℃での弾性率G’(Tg+80)の(Tg+30)℃での弾性率G’(Tg+30)に対する比(G’(Tg+80)/G’(Tg+30))が、0.65以上である、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂は、平均重合度が3000を超えるポリビニルアルコールをアセタール化することにより得られている、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂のアセチル化度が8モル%以上であるか、又は前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂のアセチル化度が8モル%未満であり、かつアセタール化度が68モル%以上である、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂のアセチル化度が8モル%以上である、請求項12に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂のアセチル化度が8モル%未満であり、かつアセタール化度が68モル%以上である、請求項12に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層の前記第1の表面とは反対の第2の表面に積層されており、かつポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤とを含む第3の層をさらに備える、請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 第1の合わせガラス構成部材と、
第2の合わせガラス構成部材と、
前記第1,第2の合わせガラス構成部材の間に挟み込まれた中間膜とを備え、
前記中間膜が、請求項1~15のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜である、合わせガラス。
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US13/825,974 US8883317B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2011-09-30 | Intermediate film for laminated glass and laminated glass |
EP11829370.3A EP2623472B1 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2011-09-30 | Intermediate film for laminated glass and laminated glass |
EP17168226.3A EP3214056B1 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2011-09-30 | Intermediate film for laminated glass and laminated glass |
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JP7010588B2 (ja) | 2015-02-05 | 2022-01-26 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
US10981361B2 (en) | 2015-09-11 | 2021-04-20 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Interlayer for laminated glass, and laminated glass |
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CN105000810A (zh) | 2015-10-28 |
EP3214056A1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
CN103153904A (zh) | 2013-06-12 |
US8883317B2 (en) | 2014-11-11 |
JPWO2012043817A1 (ja) | 2014-02-24 |
US20130189528A1 (en) | 2013-07-25 |
EP2623472B1 (en) | 2017-06-28 |
EP2623472A4 (en) | 2015-07-01 |
EP3214056B1 (en) | 2020-09-23 |
EP2623472A1 (en) | 2013-08-07 |
CN105000810B (zh) | 2017-11-03 |
CN103153904B (zh) | 2015-08-05 |
JP5220957B2 (ja) | 2013-06-26 |
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