WO2012043770A1 - 太陽電池モジュールおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
太陽電池モジュールおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012043770A1 WO2012043770A1 PCT/JP2011/072472 JP2011072472W WO2012043770A1 WO 2012043770 A1 WO2012043770 A1 WO 2012043770A1 JP 2011072472 W JP2011072472 W JP 2011072472W WO 2012043770 A1 WO2012043770 A1 WO 2012043770A1
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- solar cell
- electrode
- main surface
- cell element
- cell module
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
- H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
- H01L31/022441—Electrode arrangements specially adapted for back-contact solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
- H01L31/022441—Electrode arrangements specially adapted for back-contact solar cells
- H01L31/02245—Electrode arrangements specially adapted for back-contact solar cells for metallisation wrap-through [MWT] type solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
- H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
- H01L31/0516—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module specially adapted for interconnection of back-contact solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solar cell module and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a solar cell module has a light-transmitting member, a light-receiving surface side sealing material, a solar cell string, a non-light-receiving surface side sealing material, and a non-light-receiving surface side protective material in order from the light receiving surface side.
- the solar cell string is formed by connecting bus bar electrodes of a plurality of solar cell elements arranged in a straight line with inner leads.
- Solar cell modules have various structures depending on the application. For example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-97000, there are proposed ones that are arranged on a roof tile, and ones that are arranged by replacing the roof tile.
- One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module having high strength while increasing the area ratio of solar cell elements in the solar cell module and a method for manufacturing the solar cell module.
- a solar cell module includes a plurality of solar cell elements each having a rectangular first main surface and a first bus bar electrode extending on the first main surface along a long side direction, and adjacent to each other.
- a solar cell string having a wiring material for connecting the solar cell elements along the long side direction of the first main surface, and a rectangular shape arranged substantially parallel to the first main surface so as to cover the solar cell string
- a translucent member, and a sealing material disposed between the solar cell string and the translucent member.
- Each of the plurality of solar cell elements includes the first main surface, a second main surface located on the back side of the first main surface, a first side surface connecting the first main surface and the second main surface, And a silicon substrate having a second side surface located on the back side of the first side surface and connecting the first main surface and the second main surface.
- the first side surface and the second side surface are arranged along the long side direction of the first main surface, the first side surface has silicon exposed, and the second side surface is covered with an insulating layer.
- the power generation amount can be increased by increasing the filling rate of the solar cell elements in the solar cell module, and high strength against external force can be obtained.
- FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. 1A
- FIG. 2D is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB ′ of FIG.
- substrate solar cell element aggregate
- FIG. 1 is a top view seen from the light-receiving surface side
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are cross-sectional views taken along the line C-C ′ in FIG. 2A and 2B are drawings of the solar cell module according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 4A is a plan view seen from the light-receiving surface side, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD ′ in FIG. (C) is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 4 (b).
- FIG. 4 It is a figure which shows a mode that the flame
- (A) is sectional drawing of the solar cell element used for the solar cell module which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (b) is used for the solar cell module which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the solar cell element obtained.
- FIG. 9C is a plan view of the element viewed from the non-light-receiving surface side
- FIG. It is drawing which shows the modification of the solar cell element used for the solar cell module which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention
- (a) is the plane which looked at the solar cell element which concerns on a 1st modification from the light-receiving surface side
- FIG. 9B is a plan view of the solar cell element according to the first modification as viewed from the non-light-receiving surface side
- FIG. 9C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line FF ′ of FIG.
- D is the top view which looked at the modification of the solar cell element which concerns on a 2nd modification from the non-light-receiving surface side.
- FIG. 10A and 10B are views of a solar cell module according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 10A is a plan view seen from the light receiving surface side, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along line GG ′ in FIG. is there. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the laminated structure of the solar cell module which concerns on the 6th Embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 10 is a drawing of a solar cell module according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a plan view seen from the light receiving surface side, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line HH ′ of FIG. is there.
- (A) is the elements on larger scale of the solar cell string used for the solar cell module which concerns on the 6th Embodiment of this invention
- (b) is the solar cell used for the solar cell module which concerns on 6th Embodiment. It is the elements on larger scale which show the modification of a string.
- (a) is the top view seen from the 1st main surface side
- (b) is It is the top view seen from the 2nd main surface side
- (c) is JJ 'sectional drawing of Fig.14 (a).
- FIG. 15B is a plan view seen from the second main surface side
- FIG. 15C is a sectional view taken along the line KK ′ of FIG.
- FIG. 15C is a figure which shows the solar cell module manufactured with the manufacturing method of the solar cell module which concerns on the 7th Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is seen from the 1st main surface side.
- FIG. 17B is a plan view seen from the second main surface side
- FIG. 17C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line LL ′ of FIG.
- FIG. 20 is a plan view seen from the second main surface side
- FIG. 19C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line MM ′ of FIG.
- It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the solar cell element assembly used for the manufacturing method of the solar cell module which concerns on the 7th Embodiment of this invention.
- It is the top view which looked at a part of solar cell string used for the manufacturing method of the solar cell module which concerns on the 7th Embodiment of this invention from the 2nd main surface side.
- the solar cell module 101 includes a translucent member 13, a light receiving surface side sealing material 14 a, a plurality of solar cell strings 16, and a non-light receiving surface side sealing. It has the material 14b and the non-light-receiving surface side protective material 15.
- the translucent member 13, the light receiving surface side sealing material 14a, the solar cell string 16, the non-light receiving surface side sealing material 14b, and the non-light receiving surface side protective material 15 are sequentially laminated.
- the solar cell string 16 has a plurality of solar cell elements 201 connected in series.
- the outer shape of the solar cell module 101 is rectangular.
- the solar cell module 101 having such a shape is used as a building material-integrated solar power generation system, it can be used by replacing with about 3 to 6 tiles.
- the solar cell module 101 is installed with a frame 26 attached around the solar cell module 101.
- the frame 26 has a structure capable of stopping water in cooperation with the frame 26 of the solar cell module 101 adjacent to the eaves side, the building side, and the left and right sides. Can have.
- the translucent member 13 has a rectangular shape and is disposed on the light receiving surface side so as to cover the solar cell string 16. And the translucent member 13 has a function which protects the solar cell element 201 from the outside.
- the translucent member 13 should just be a member which can make light inject into the solar cell element 201, and material is not specifically limited.
- a material of the translucent member 13 for example, a material having high light transmittance such as glass such as white plate glass, tempered glass, heat ray reflective glass, or polycarbonate resin can be used.
- the light-receiving surface side sealing material 14 a is disposed between the translucent member 13 and the solar cell string 16.
- the non-light-receiving surface side sealing material 14 b is disposed between the solar cell string 16 and the non-light-receiving surface side protection material 15.
- the light receiving surface side sealing material 14 a and the non-light receiving surface side sealing material 14 b have a function of sealing the solar cell element 201.
- ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) or polyvinyl butyral (PVB) is the main component, and the thickness is 0.4 by an extruder.
- the light-receiving surface side sealing material 14a and the non-light-receiving surface side sealing material 14b may contain a crosslinking agent.
- the light-receiving surface side sealing material 14a and the non-light-receiving surface side sealing material 14b can be cured by performing a heat treatment after placing a sheet-like molded body serving as a sealing material at a desired position. .
- the non-light-receiving surface side protective material 15 has a function of protecting the non-light-receiving surface side sealing material 14b.
- the solar cell element 201 has a function of converting incident sunlight into electricity.
- a light receiving surface side bus bar electrode (first bus bar electrode) 9 and a non light receiving surface side bus bar electrode (second bus bar electrode) 10 are provided on the light receiving surface 4 and the non-light receiving surface 5 of the solar cell element 201, respectively.
- the light receiving surface 4 is the first main surface
- the non-light receiving surface 5 is the second main surface.
- the outer shape of the solar cell element 201 is a rectangle having a long side and a short side, and the long side is substantially parallel to the light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9.
- the solar cell element 201 can have a long side of about 120 to 200 mm and a short side of about 60 to 100 mm.
- the description “substantially parallel” in this specification is a description indicating a state of being substantially parallel.
- the description “substantially vertical” is a description indicating a substantially vertical state.
- the solar cell element 201 is a substantially rectangular shape having a long side and a short side, as shown in FIG.
- the solar cell element 201 includes a silicon substrate 3, a reverse conductivity type layer 6, and an insulating layer 7.
- the silicon substrate 3 has a light receiving surface 4 which is a main surface on which light is incident and a non-light receiving surface 5 located on the back surface of the light receiving surface 4.
- the reverse conductivity type layer 6 is provided as a surface layer on the light receiving surface 4 side of the silicon substrate 3.
- the insulating layer 7 is provided on the light receiving surface 4 side of the silicon substrate 3, in this embodiment, on the reverse conductivity type layer 6.
- the silicon substrate 3 has a first side surface 8a, a second side surface 8b, a third side surface 8c, and a fourth side surface 8d in addition to the light receiving surface 4 and the non-light receiving surface 5.
- the first side surface 8a is a side surface connecting the light receiving surface 4 and the non-light receiving surface 5 and extending along the long side of the light receiving surface 4, and the second side surface 8b is located on the opposite side (back side) of the first side surface 8a. It is a side surface connecting the surface 4 and the non-light-receiving surface 5 along the long side of the light-receiving surface 4.
- the third side surface 8c and the fourth side surface 8d are side surfaces of the silicon substrate 3 other than the first side surface 8a and the second side surface 8b, and are substantially orthogonal to the first side surface 8a and the second side surface 8b.
- the first side surface 8a may be a surface that is newly formed by dividing the parent substrate (solar cell element assembly) as described later.
- the solar cell element 201 includes a light receiving surface side bus bar electrode (first bus bar electrode) 9 and a first current collecting electrode (first finger electrode) 12 provided on the light receiving surface 4 side of the silicon substrate 3, and the non-contact of the silicon substrate 3. It has a non-light-receiving surface side bus bar electrode (second bus bar electrode) 10 and a second current collecting electrode 11 provided on the light receiving surface 5 side.
- a crystalline silicon substrate such as a single crystal silicon substrate or a polycrystalline silicon substrate having a predetermined dopant element (impurity for conductivity control) and exhibiting one conductivity type (for example, p-type) is used.
- the thickness of the silicon substrate 3 can be, for example, 250 ⁇ m or less, and further 150 ⁇ m or less.
- the shape of the silicon substrate 3 is not particularly limited, but may be a quadrangular shape as in the present embodiment. In this case, the manufacturing method can be simplified.
- a crystalline silicon substrate exhibiting a p-type conductivity is used as the silicon substrate 3.
- the silicon substrate 3 made of a crystalline silicon substrate is p-type, for example, boron or gallium can be used as the dopant element.
- the reverse conductivity type layer 6 is a layer having a conductivity type opposite to that of the silicon substrate 3 and is formed as a surface layer on the light receiving surface 4 side of the silicon substrate 3.
- the reverse conductivity type layer 6 exhibits n-type conductivity.
- the silicon substrate 3 is a crystalline silicon substrate exhibiting n-type conductivity
- the reverse conductivity type layer 6 exhibits p-type conductivity.
- a pn junction region is formed between the p-type conductivity type region and the n-type conductivity type region.
- Such a reverse conductivity type layer 6 can be formed, for example, by diffusing impurities such as phosphorus on the light receiving surface of the crystal silicon substrate, if the silicon substrate 3 is a crystal silicon substrate exhibiting p-type conductivity. it can.
- the insulating layer 7 is an insulating film provided on the light receiving surface 4 side.
- the insulating layer 7 may have a function of reducing the reflectance of light in a desired wavelength region to increase the amount of photogenerated carriers and improving the photocurrent density Jsc of the solar cell element 201.
- a SiN film, a TiO 2 film, a SiO 2 film, or the like can be used as the insulating layer 7, for example.
- Such an insulating layer 7 can be formed using, for example, PECVD (plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition), vapor deposition, sputtering, or the like.
- PECVD plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition
- vapor deposition vapor deposition
- sputtering or the like.
- the reaction chamber is set to about 500 ° C.
- the insulating layer 7 is formed by depositing the mixed gas into plasma by glow discharge decomposition.
- the thickness of the insulating layer 7 can be appropriately selected depending on the material, and can be set to a thickness that can realize a non-reflection condition with respect to appropriate incident light.
- the insulating layer 7 can have a refractive index of about 1.8 to 2.3 and a thickness of about 500 to 1200 mm.
- the second side surface 8 b is covered with the insulating layer 7.
- silicon is exposed on the first side surface 8a.
- the insulating layer 7 may also be formed on the third side surface 8c and the fourth side surface 8d.
- As a method of forming the insulating layer 7 on each side surface, the second side surface 8b, the third side surface 8c, and the fourth side surface 8d of the silicon substrate 3 are formed by using the PECVD method as described above in a state where nothing is covered. Can do.
- silicon is exposed refers to a state in which no other insulating layer or the like is formed and silicon is substantially exposed, and a state in which a natural oxide film is formed. Is also included.
- the solar cell element 201 is formed with a BSF region 21 exhibiting p + in the surface layer portion on the non-light-receiving surface 5 side of the silicon substrate 3.
- the BSF region 21 has a function of reducing a decrease in efficiency due to carrier recombination near the non-light-receiving surface 5 of the silicon substrate 3 and forms an internal electric field on the non-light-receiving surface 5 side of the silicon substrate 3. It is.
- the electrode disposed on the light receiving surface 4 side of the solar cell element 201 includes a light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9 (first bus bar electrode) and a plurality of linear first finger electrodes 12. . At least a part of the light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9 intersects the first finger electrode 12.
- the light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9 has a width of about 1.3 mm to 2.5 mm, for example.
- the first finger electrode 12 may have a width of about 50 to 200 ⁇ m, for example. Thus, the width of the first finger electrode 12 is smaller than the width of the light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9.
- a plurality of first finger electrodes 12 are provided with an interval of about 1.5 to 3 mm.
- the thickness of the light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9 and the first finger electrode 12 can be about 10 to 40 ⁇ m.
- the light-receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9 and the first finger electrode 12 can be formed by, for example, applying a conductive metal such as silver in a desired shape by screen printing or the like and then baking it.
- the electrode arranged on the non-light-receiving surface 5 side of the solar cell element 201 has a non-light-receiving surface side bus bar electrode 10 (second bus bar electrode) and a second current collecting electrode 11 as shown in FIG.
- the non-light-receiving surface side bus bar electrode 10 can have a thickness of about 10 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m and a width of about 1.3 mm to 7 mm.
- the non-light-receiving surface side bus bar electrode 10 can be formed of the same material and manufacturing method as the light-receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9 described above.
- the second collector electrode 11 has a thickness of about 15 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, and substantially the entire surface on the non-light-receiving surface 5 side of the silicon substrate 3 excluding a part such as a region where the non-light-receiving surface-side bus bar electrode 10 is formed. Formed.
- the second current collecting electrode 11 can be formed, for example, by applying an aluminum paste in a desired shape and baking it.
- the solar cell string 16 includes the plurality of solar cell elements 201 described above and inner leads 17 (wiring materials) that connect the adjacent solar cell elements 201 to each other.
- Inner lead 17 for example, a copper foil having a thickness of about 0.1 to 0.2 mm and a width of about 1 to 2 mm covered with solder is used.
- Inner lead 17 is soldered onto light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9 and non-light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 10 of solar cell element 201.
- one end of one inner lead 17 is connected to the light-receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9 of the light-receiving surface 4 of one solar cell element 201, and the other end is not connected to the other adjacent solar cell element 201.
- the light receiving surface 5 is connected to the non-light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 10.
- the inner lead 17 electrically connects the two adjacent solar cell elements 201. At this time, as shown in FIG.
- the inner lead 17 has one end side region disposed along the longitudinal direction of the light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9 of one solar cell element 201, and the other end side region has It arrange
- FIG. 4A the longitudinal direction of the solar cell string 16, the longitudinal direction of the solar cell element 201, and the longitudinal direction of the inner lead 17 are substantially parallel.
- the solar cell module 101 of the present embodiment has the solar cell string 16 having the above-described electrode connection arrangement.
- the inner lead 17 is orthogonal to the third side surface 8 c and the fourth side surface 8 d of the solar cell element 201, It arrange
- a plurality of solar cell strings 16 are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the solar cell string 16.
- the adjacent solar cell strings 16 in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the solar cell strings 16 are electrically connected by the connection member 24.
- the longitudinal directions of the solar cell module 101 and the solar cell string 16 are the same.
- the connection member 24 can be arrange
- the filling rate of the solar cell element 201 can be improved also by increasing the degree of freedom of arrangement of the solar cell element 201, the effective light receiving area in the light receiving area of the solar cell module 101 can be increased.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a state in which the solar cell array 301 including the solar cell module 101 of the present embodiment supported by the gantry is installed on the roof (installed surface 81).
- the solar cell module 101 according to this embodiment is used, the long side of the module 101, the long side of the solar cell element 201, and the longitudinal direction of the first bus bar electrode 9 are all perpendicular to the eaves-ridge direction. It is.
- the solar cell array 301 is harmonized with a series of roof tiles, and the aesthetics are enhanced.
- the outer dimension of the solar cell module is limited to a certain range.
- the short direction of the solar cell module 101 and the short direction of the solar cell element 201 are the same.
- positioning of the solar cell element 201 improves as mentioned above, the ratio of the effective light reception area which occupies for the light reception area of the solar cell module 101 can be raised, and electric power generation amount can be increased. Therefore, in particular, the solar cell module 101 can be suitably used as a solar cell module for roof tiles that is limited in external dimensions and the like as described above.
- the inner leads 17 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the solar cell element 201 and fixed by soldering.
- the strength of the solar cell element 201 against bending in the longitudinal direction can be increased.
- the crack which arises in the solar cell element 201 is reduced, and the intensity
- the strength and reliability of the solar cell module 101 can be improved.
- FIG.1 (c) while the silicon substrate 3 is exposed to the 1st side surface 8a of the solar cell element 201, the 2nd side surface 8b is covered with the insulating layer 7.
- FIG. and in this embodiment which has such a solar cell element 201 as shown to Fig.4 (a) and FIG.4 (c), when the solar cell string 16 is planarly viewed from the light-receiving surface side, the inner lead 17 is The solar cell element 201 is arranged so as to intersect perpendicularly with the third side surface 8c and the fourth side surface 8d and to be substantially parallel to the first side surface 8a. At this time, the third side surface 8 c and the fourth side surface 8 d are covered with the insulating layer 7.
- the inner lead 17 connects the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the solar cell element 201 and is short-circuited. Can be reduced.
- the solar cell elements 201 can be arranged densely, the filling rate to the light-receiving surface of the solar cell elements 201 can be increased, and the power generation amount of the solar cell module 101 can be improved.
- the number of reciprocations of the wiring path to which the solar cell element 201 is connected is small, that is, the number of connection points by the connection member 24 is small. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the failure rate due to peeling of solder joints and improve reliability.
- the longitudinal direction of each member is arranged substantially in parallel, and the solar cell element 201 includes the first side surface 8a where silicon is exposed and the second side surface 8b covered with the insulating layer 7.
- the filling rate of the solar cell element 201 in the solar cell module 101 can be increased, and high strength against external force can be obtained.
- the several solar cell element 201 in the solar cell string 16 is arranged with the 2nd side surface 8b facing the same direction. And at this time, it arrange
- the solar cell elements 201 can be aligned with the second side surface 8b as a reference plane when the solar cell string 16 is formed.
- the surface-side bus bar electrode 9 and the non-light-receiving surface-side bus bar electrode 10 can be accurately aligned on a straight line.
- the inner lead 17 is soldered in a state of being deviated from a predetermined position to reduce the power generation area of the solar cell element 201, thereby reducing the solar cell module 101. It is also possible to reduce the decrease in the amount of power generation.
- the first end located on the first side face 8a side reaches the first side face 8a and is located on the second side face 8b side.
- the second end portion is separated from the second side surface 8b.
- the solar cell module 101 has a plurality of solar cell strings 16. Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4A, the solar cell module 101 has three solar cell strings 16.
- the solar cell string 16 positioned above is a first solar cell string 16A
- the solar cell string 16 adjacent to the first solar cell string 16A is a second solar cell string 16B.
- the first side surfaces 8a of the plurality of solar cell elements 201 in the first solar cell string 16A are arranged so as to be located in the first plane, and the plurality of solar cell elements 201 in the second solar cell string 16B.
- the second side surface 8b is disposed so as to be located within the second surface.
- the second surface is parallel to the first surface and is disposed to face the first surface.
- the arrangement is such that the first side surface 8a of the solar cell element 201 in the first solar cell string 16A is opposed to the second side surface 8b of the solar cell element 201 in the second solar cell string 16B.
- the first side surface 8a where the silicon is exposed and the second side surface 8b covered with the insulating layer 7 are arranged to face each other. Therefore, the space between the first solar cell string 16A and the second solar cell string 16B can be narrowed, the filling rate of the light receiving surface of the solar cell element 201 is increased, and the power generation amount of the solar cell module 101 is further improved. can do.
- the solar cell element 201 used in the above-described solar cell module 101 can be formed by various methods. As an example of the forming method, next, a method of dividing a large-sized solar cell element (hereinafter referred to as a solar cell element parent substrate 50 or a solar cell element assembly 50) to form the solar cell element 201. This will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
- a method of dividing a large-sized solar cell element hereinafter referred to as a solar cell element parent substrate 50 or a solar cell element assembly 50
- the parent substrate 50 of the solar cell element is before being divided into the solar cell elements 201 as shown in FIG. 2 and has a configuration including a plurality of solar cell elements 201.
- the parent substrate 50 of the solar cell element includes the insulating layer 7, the light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9, the first finger electrode 12, the non-light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 10, and the second current collecting electrode 11. I have.
- This parent substrate 50 can also be used as a solar cell element.
- a method for forming the solar cell element 201 by dividing the parent substrate 50 of the solar cell element will be described below.
- the light receiving surface 4 of the parent substrate 50 of the solar cell element is irradiated with laser light along a desired dividing line to form the dividing grooves 23 on the light receiving surface 4 as shown in FIG.
- the laser light to be used for example, YAG laser light can be used.
- the wavelength may be 1.06 ⁇ m
- the output may be 10 W to 30 W
- the beam divergence angle may be 1 to 5 mrad
- the scanning speed may be 50 to 300 mm / s.
- the depth of the dividing groove 23 can be, for example, 25% or more of the thickness of the silicon substrate 3. Thereby, the parent substrate 50 of the solar cell element can be easily divided along the dividing groove 23.
- the parent substrate 50 of the solar cell element in which the dividing groove 23 is formed can be divided along the dividing groove 23. it can.
- the solar cell element 201 can be formed.
- the side surface of the solar cell element 201 formed by such division can be the first side surface 8a described above.
- the other side surfaces of the solar cell element 201 are the second side surface 8b, the third side surface 8c, and the fourth side surface 8d.
- the solar cell element 201 is formed by dividing the parent substrate 50 of the solar cell element, so that the silicon substrate 3 and the reverse conductivity type are formed on the first side surface 8a as shown in FIG. Cross sections of the layer 6, the BSF region 21, the second collector electrode 11, and the like are exposed, and the insulating layer 7 is disposed on the other side surface. That is, by such a formation method, the solar cell element 201 including the first side surface 8a where the silicon is exposed and the second side surface 8b covered with the insulating layer 7 can be formed.
- FIG. 6A the same components as those in FIG. 1C described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. The same applies to the description of other embodiments to be described later.
- the solar cell module 102 according to the present embodiment is different from the solar cell module 101 according to the first embodiment with respect to the arrangement position of the light receiving surface side bus bar electrode (first bus bar electrode) 10 in the solar cell element 202.
- a plurality of light receiving surface side bus bar electrodes 9 are provided on the light receiving surface 4 and a plurality of non light receiving surface side bus bar electrodes 10 are provided on the non light receiving surface 5, respectively. Is provided.
- the plurality of light receiving surface side bus bar electrodes 9 are a first side surface side electrode 9a which is the light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9 closest to the first side surface 8a and a light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9 which is closest to the second side surface 8b.
- a second side electrode 9b At this time, the distance D1 between the first side surface electrode 9a and the first side surface 8a is larger than the distance D2 between the second side surface electrode 9b and the second side surface 8b.
- the first side surface 8a is not covered with the insulating layer 7 and silicon is exposed, whereas the second side surface 8b is formed of the insulating layer. 7 is covered. For this reason, the power generation amount per unit area near the first side surface 8a and the second side surface 8b tends to be unbalanced. Therefore, as described above, the distance D1 between the first side surface electrode 9a and the first side surface 8a is made larger than the distance D2 between the second side surface electrode 9b and the second side surface 8b, whereby the second side surface 8b.
- the electrode arrangement can be such that the amount of light received on the first side surface 8a side is greater than the amount of light received on the side.
- the electric current collected by the 1st side electrode 9a and the 2nd side electrode 9b can be equalized.
- the current passing through the first side electrode 9a, the second side electrode 9b, and the inner lead 17 becomes the same, so that the cross-sectional areas of the light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9 and the inner lead 17 are changed according to the current.
- the inner lead 17 connected to the first side electrode 9a and the second side electrode 9b can be made one type, and versatility is improved.
- the electric power distribution in the solar cell module 102 can be made uniform, and the power generation efficiency of the solar cell module 102 can be improved.
- the current distribution in the solar cell module 102 approaches uniformly and power generation efficiency is improved, and the versatility is excellent.
- the distance D1 referred to here is, for example, as shown in FIG. 6A, the first side surface side electrode 9a in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the light receiving surface 4 when the solar cell element 202 is viewed in plan view.
- the shortest distance from the first side surface 8a can be obtained.
- the distance D2 can be defined similarly.
- the solar cell module 103 according to the present embodiment differs from the solar cell module 101 according to the first embodiment in the electrode configuration provided on the light receiving surface side in the solar cell element 203.
- the solar cell element 203 used in the solar cell module 103 according to the third embodiment is described in the solar cell element 201 according to the first embodiment described above.
- An auxiliary electrode 25 is further provided as an electrode provided on the light receiving surface side. That is, the solar cell element 203 includes the light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9, the first finger electrode 12, and the auxiliary electrode 25 as electrodes provided on the light receiving surface side.
- the light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9 extends along the longitudinal direction of the light receiving surface 4.
- the first finger electrode 12 extends in a direction substantially perpendicular to the light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9 and is electrically connected to the light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9.
- the auxiliary electrode 25 is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the plurality of first finger electrodes 12 along the outer periphery of the light receiving surface 4 of the solar cell element 203.
- the auxiliary electrode 25 is disposed on the light receiving surface 4 so as to extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to the light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9.
- two auxiliary electrodes 25 are provided, one along the first side surface 8a and the other along the second side surface 8b. .
- the auxiliary electrode 25 is electrically connected to the light receiving surface side bus bar electrode 9 through the first finger electrode 12.
- the auxiliary electrode 25 is provided along the first side surface 8a.
- the auxiliary electrode 25 is peeled away from the auxiliary electrode 25. It functions as a stopper for not.
- damage to the first finger electrode 12 can be reduced, and deterioration in power generation efficiency associated with the damage can be reduced.
- the reliability of the battery module 103 can be further improved.
- the solar cell module 104 according to the present embodiment is different from the solar cell module 101 according to the first embodiment in the configuration of the solar cell element 204.
- the solar cell element 204 used in the solar cell module 104 according to the fourth embodiment is provided at the intersection of the first side surface 8 a and the light receiving surface 4. It further has a first raised portion 19.
- a first raised portion 19 can be formed, for example, by adjusting the output of the laser beam when the solar cell element 204 is cut with the laser beam from the light receiving surface 4 side or the non-light receiving surface 5 side. .
- the solar cell element 204 may be formed by dividing by snapping after making a groove with a laser beam.
- the 1st side surface 8a can be reinforced and progress of the microcrack which arises from the 1st side surface 8a can be reduced.
- the first raised portion 19 provided at the intersection between the first side surface 8a and the light receiving surface 4 has been described.
- the second raised portion 19 is provided at the intersection between the first side surface 8a and the non-light receiving surface 5.
- a raised portion may be further provided. Also in such a form, generation
- the effect similar to the effect acquired by having the 1st protruding part 19 mentioned above can be show
- the solar cell element 204 further includes a first oxide film 20 provided on the first raised portion 19.
- a first oxide film 20 can be formed by bringing a gas containing oxygen into contact with the laser light irradiation portion instead of argon gas when the solar cell element 204 is formed by laser cutting.
- a plurality of solar cell elements 204 are connected by the inner leads 17 with the same connection arrangement as the solar cell module 101 according to the first embodiment described above. Is connected, the first oxide film 20 functions as an insulating layer. Thereby, it can reduce that the inner lead 17 connects the positive electrode and negative electrode of the solar cell element 204, and short-circuits.
- the first oxide film 20 is formed only on the surface of the first raised portion 19, but such a first oxide film 20 is
- the first ridge 19 may be formed so as to extend inward. Thereby, the passivation effect by the first oxide film 20 is enhanced.
- the solar cell element 204 which has the 1st protruding part 19 provided in the light-receiving surface 4 side, and does not have the 2nd protruding part provided in the non-light-receiving surface 5 side was illustrated.
- the form which has the 2nd protruding part may be sufficient.
- a second oxide film may be provided on the surface of the second raised portion. Even in such a form, the same effect as that obtained by having the first oxide film 20 described above can be obtained.
- the second oxide film can also be formed by the same method as the first oxide film 20 described above.
- FIGS. 8A to 8C and 10 are views showing a solar cell element 205 used in the solar cell module 105 according to the fifth embodiment, and FIGS. 9A to 9C.
- FIG. 9D is a diagram showing a second modification 2052 of the solar cell element 205.
- the solar cell module 105 according to the present embodiment is different from the solar cell module 101 according to the first embodiment in the configuration of the solar cell element 205.
- the solar cell element 205 used in the solar cell module 105 according to the fifth embodiment has a back contact structure. That is, as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8C, the solar cell element 205 includes the first output extraction electrode 27 a and the second output extraction electrode 27 b having different polarities on the non-light-receiving surface 5. In other words, the electrodes corresponding to the first bus bar electrode and the second bus bar electrode in the first to fourth embodiments described above are all provided on the non-light-receiving surface 5.
- the first output extraction electrode 27a corresponds to the first bus bar electrode
- the second output extraction electrode 27b corresponds to the second bus bar electrode. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the non-light-receiving surface 5 provided with the first bus bar electrode is the first main surface.
- the outer shape of the solar cell element 205 is a rectangle having a long side and a short side, and the long side is substantially parallel to the first output extraction electrode 27a and the second output extraction electrode 27b.
- the solar cell element 205 has a long side of about 120 to 200 mm and a short side of about 60 to 100 mm.
- silicon is exposed on the first side surface 8a as in the first embodiment.
- the solar cell element 205 of the present embodiment has a crystalline metal wrap-through structure as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) to 8 (c).
- the solar cell string 16 includes a plurality of solar cell elements 205 as in the above-described embodiment.
- the plurality of solar cell elements 205 are connected to each other by the inner leads 17 in the solar cell string 16 as shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b).
- the solar cell module 105 includes a translucent member 13, a light receiving surface side sealing material 14 a, a non-light receiving surface side sealing material 14 b, and a non-light receiving surface side protective material 15.
- the translucent member 13, the light receiving surface side sealing material 14a, the solar cell string 16, the non-light receiving surface side sealing material 14b, and the non-light receiving surface side protective material. 15 are stacked in this order.
- this embodiment which has a back contact structure differs in the arrangement
- the several solar cell string 16 is arranged in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction.
- the solar cell strings 16 adjacent to each other in the orthogonal direction are electrically connected by the connection member 24.
- Such a solar cell module 105 can improve the filling rate of the solar cell elements 205 and increase the effective light receiving area in the light receiving area as in the above-described embodiment.
- the inner lead 17 is soldered along the longitudinal direction of the solar cell element 205, the solar cell element 205 is reinforced along the longitudinal direction. For this reason, the intensity
- the form provided with the solar cell element which has a metal wrap through structure shown in FIG. 8 as a form which has a back contact structure was demonstrated, it is used for the solar cell module which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
- a solar cell element having another back contact structure can be used as the solar cell element.
- FIG. 9A to FIG. 9C are views showing a first modification 2051 of the solar cell element 205 according to the fifth embodiment having a back contact structure.
- the first modification 2051 has an IBC (Integrated Back Contact) structure.
- IBC Integrated Back Contact
- no electrode is formed on the light receiving surface 4 as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9B on the non-light-receiving surface 5, a first output extraction electrode 27a corresponding to the first bus bar electrode and a second output extraction electrode 27b corresponding to the second bus bar electrode are linearly formed. Is formed.
- the “first bus bar electrode extending along the long side direction on the first main surface” means the first bus bar electrode as shown in FIG.
- the first output extraction electrode 27a may be provided on the non-light-receiving surface 5 as the first main surface so as to extend along the long side direction of the non-light-receiving surface 6. Even if it is such a form, there can exist an effect similar to 5th Embodiment using the solar cell element 205.
- FIG. 9D is a plan view of the non-light-receiving surface 5 side of the second modification 2052 of the solar cell element 205 according to the fifth embodiment having a back contact structure. Similar to the first modification 2051, the second modification 2052 also has an IBC structure. As shown in FIG. 9D, the second modification 2052 is different from the first modification 2051 in the electrode shape on the non-light-receiving surface 5 side.
- the second modification 2052 also corresponds to the first output extraction electrode 27a corresponding to the first bus bar electrode and the second bus bar electrode on the non-light-receiving surface 5, as in the first modification 2051.
- a second output extraction electrode 27b is formed.
- the first output extraction electrode 27a and the second output extraction electrode 27b are linear, whereas in the second modification 2052, the first output extraction electrode 27a and the second output extraction electrode 27b are linear.
- the two-output extraction electrode 27b is circular.
- the “first bus bar electrode extending along the long side direction on the first main surface” means that the plurality of circular first output extraction electrodes 27a are not It suffices if they are arranged on the light receiving surface 5 along the long side direction of the non-light receiving surface 5. Even in such a form, the same effect as that of the fifth embodiment using the solar cell element 205 can be obtained as in the first modification 2051.
- the metal wrap-through structure and the IBC structure are exemplified as the back contact structure, but other back contact structures may be used.
- back contact structures include an emitter wrap through structure and an around wrap through structure.
- a crystal system such as polycrystalline silicon or single crystal silicon can be used as the material of the solar cell element.
- the solar cell module 106 according to the present embodiment is different from the solar cell module 105 according to the fifth embodiment in the configuration for connecting a plurality of solar cell elements. That is, the solar cell module 106 according to this embodiment is different from the solar cell module 105 according to the fifth embodiment in the solar cell string 16.
- the solar cell string 16 includes a plurality of solar cell elements 2, a connection sheet 28, an adhesive layer 32, and a bonding material 33.
- the solar cell module 106 according to the present embodiment includes the connection sheet 28, the adhesive layer 32, and the bonding material 33 instead of the inner lead 17 in the module 105 of the solar cell according to the fifth embodiment. Yes.
- the solar cell element 2 has the same structure as the solar cell element 2 used for the solar cell string 16 according to the fifth embodiment, and specifically, the back shown in FIG. It has a contact structure.
- an adhesive layer 32 and a bonding material 33 are disposed between the solar cell element 2 and the connection sheet 28.
- the light-transmitting member 13, the light-receiving surface side sealing material 14a, the solar cell string 16, and the non-light-receiving surface side sealing are sequentially performed from the light receiving surface 4 side.
- the material 14b and the non-light-receiving surface side protective material 15 are laminated in this order.
- connection sheet 28 has a function which electrically connects the solar cell elements 2 arrange
- connection sheet 28 includes a base sheet 29 and a circuit layer 30 that functions as a wiring material.
- connection sheet 28 has the convex part 31 as shown in FIG.12 (b).
- the convex portion 31 protrudes toward the solar cell element 2 at a location where electrical connection with the solar cell element 2 is performed on one main surface of the connection sheet 28, that is, at a location corresponding to the output extraction electrode 27. It is provided as follows.
- Such a convex part 31 can be formed by press-molding the connection sheet 28, for example.
- the circuit layer 30 includes a first output extraction electrode 27a of the first solar cell element 2b and a second solar cell element 2c which are arranged adjacent to each other on one main surface of the base sheet 29.
- the second output extraction electrode 27b is arranged to be electrically connected.
- the circuit layer 30 is disposed on the main surface of the base sheet 29 at a position facing the first output extraction electrode 27a and the second output extraction electrode 27b of the solar cell element 2, and has a comb shape.
- the circuit layer 30 has the base part of the comb arrange
- seat 28 and the solar cell element 2 among the circuit layers 30 is arrange
- the top surface of the portion of the circuit layer 30 disposed on the convex portion 31 is referred to as a contact portion 30a.
- the circuit layer 30 can be formed by, for example, sputtering a conductive metal on the base sheet 29 or attaching an etching metal film.
- the metal material used for the circuit layer 30 may be any conductive metal, such as copper, aluminum, gold, silver, or an alloy containing them.
- the adhesive layer 32 is disposed on a portion of the main surface of the base sheet 29 other than the circuit layer 30.
- the material of the adhesive layer 32 include ethylene vinyl acetate polymerization (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), and an epoxy resin.
- EVA ethylene vinyl acetate polymerization
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- the adhesive layer 32 can be formed by, for example, laminating a thin-film EVA, PVB, or epoxy resin at a desired position on the base sheet 29.
- the leakage current from the solar cell element 2 to the circuit layer 30 generated from a place other than the contact portion 30a can be reduced, and the reliability and output can be improved.
- the base sheet 29 has a function of holding the circuit layer 30 in the connection sheet 28, and in the present embodiment, has a rectangular shape when viewed from above.
- the material of the base sheet 29 for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), or polyvinyl fluoride resin (PVF) can be used. Further, when the base sheet 29 is heated to 200 ° C.
- the material of the base sheet 29 is polyimide (PI), polyamideimide (PAI), poly A resin having excellent heat resistance such as ether, ether, ketone (PEEK), tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or polyethersulfone (PES) may be used.
- PI polyimide
- PAI polyamideimide
- PEEK polyamideimide
- PTFE tetrafluoroethylene
- PES polyethersulfone
- the base sheet 29 in addition to using a single layer sheet made of the above-mentioned material, a multi-layer sheet in which a plurality of films made of the above-described resin or the like are combined may be used.
- a multi-layer sheet in which a plurality of films made of the above-described resin or the like are combined may be used.
- the base sheet 29 may further have a moisture-proof layer (not shown).
- This moisture-proof layer is disposed between films made of a material such as a resin such as PET and PEN.
- a resin such as PET and PEN.
- As the moisture-proof layer aluminum foil, zinc iron foil, stainless steel foil, a vapor deposition layer of silica or alumina, or the like can be used. In this case, long-term moisture resistance can be improved.
- connection sheet 28 may have a low resistance metal or flux arranged so as to cover the contact portion 30a. That is, the contact portion 30a connected to the output extraction electrode 27 (the first output extraction electrode 27a and the second output extraction electrode 27b) of the solar cell element 2 is used to ensure electrical connection with the solar cell element 2. , Or may be coated with gold or previously applied with a soldering flux.
- the bonding material 33 has a function of electrically and mechanically bonding the output extraction electrode 27 (the first output extraction electrode 27a and the second output extraction electrode 27b) of the solar cell element 2 and the contact portion 30a of the circuit layer 30.
- a bonding material 33 for example, leaded solder, lead-free solder, conductive adhesive, or the like can be used.
- leaded solder or lead-free solder is used for the bonding material 33.
- Pb—Sn eutectic solder can be used as the leaded solder.
- a solder having a low melting point can be used as the lead-free solder used for reducing the environmental load from the viewpoint of reducing deterioration of the solar cell element 2 and the connection sheet 28 by heat at the time of joining.
- solder materials examples include medium-low temperature Sn—Zn, Sn—Zn—Bi, medium-temperature Sn—In—Ag—Bi, Sn—Ag—Bi—Cu, or medium-high temperature. Sn-Ag-Cu, Sn-Ag and the like.
- the bonding material 33 may be provided by previously covering the contact portion 30a of the circuit layer 30 with solder.
- the conductive adhesive includes a metal filler responsible for conductivity and a binder resin responsible for bonding characteristics. Specifically, the conductive adhesive is obtained by kneading such a metal filler and a binder resin.
- the material of the metal filler for example, gold, silver, copper, nickel, aluminum, carbon, graphite or the like can be used.
- a shape of a metal filler shapes, such as flake shape, a granular form, or a wedge shape, can be selected suitably, for example.
- the metal filler may be a flake shape with high conductivity or a wedge shape with high conductivity and adhesion.
- the binder resin since the bonding material 33 is cured between the sealed layers between the connection sheet 28 and the solar cell element 2, a binder resin with less outgas can be used. Furthermore, what can bridge
- the crosslinking temperature of the binder resin can be set to a temperature higher than about 70 ° C. which is the melting point before the EVA is crosslinked.
- a binder resin include a one-pack type or two-pack type epoxy adhesive.
- the epoxy adhesive, urethane adhesive, silicon adhesive, acrylic adhesive, or polyimide adhesive can be selected as the binder resin.
- a double-sided adhesive tape having conductivity may be used as the bonding material 33. Since such an adhesive tape can be mechanically and electrically connected even if it is not heated, each member can be pressure-bonded when the members are overlapped with the adhesive tape. As a result, it is possible to reduce poor conduction between the contact portion 30a and the output extraction electrode 27 due to a positional deviation before or during lamination.
- the modification 1061 is different from the solar cell module 106 according to the sixth embodiment in the configuration of the connection sheet 28.
- the connection sheet 28 has a stress relaxation portion. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 13B, in the present modification 1061, the circuit layer 30 of the connection sheet 28 has a stress relaxation hole 34 as a stress relaxation portion.
- the stress relaxation hole 34 is provided in the circuit layer 30 located in a portion corresponding to the space between the solar cell elements 2 in the base sheet 29.
- the stress relaxation holes 34 are bent with respect to the longitudinal direction of the solar cell string 16 when viewed in plan. In such a case, when the solar cell module 106 bends in the longitudinal direction, the circuit layer 30 described above reinforces the expansion and contraction in the longitudinal direction, and the solar cell element of the solar cell string 16 by the stress relaxation hole 34. Stress is relieved at the portion between the two. As a result, disconnection of the connection sheet 28 can be reduced.
- such stress relaxation holes 34 may be provided so as to be line symmetric with respect to the central axis parallel to the longitudinal direction of the solar cell string 16. In this case, the bias of stress applied to the solar cell string 16 can be suitably reduced.
- connection sheet 28 is a laminated body that is asymmetric with respect to the central axis parallel to one principal surface in the thickness direction
- the connection sheet 28 and the circuit sheet 29 and the circuit are at temperatures close to the preheating temperature of the laminator, for example, 40 ° C. to 70 ° C.
- the layer 30 may be attached to the layer 30.
- connection sheet 28 when the preheating of the laminator is applied to the connection sheet 28, the connection sheet 28 can be maintained in a substantially horizontal state.
- connection sheet 28 may be a laminated body disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to the central axis in the thickness direction.
- the solar cell element 201 As a method for forming the solar cell element 201, a method of dividing by irradiating laser light from the light receiving surface side has been described, but in addition to that, laser light is irradiated from the non-light receiving surface side. Then, a method of dividing the image may be used.
- the solar cell module 101 described above can be manufactured by the method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to this embodiment.
- the solar cell module manufacturing method 7S according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of solar cell elements 2 including a silicon substrate having a first main surface and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface.
- the laser beam is irradiated from the second main surface side along one direction to the boundary of the solar cell elements adjacent to the assembly, and is divided into solar cell elements by thermal stress and connected in one direction with the wiring material.
- a solar cell element assembly 50 used in the method for manufacturing a solar cell element according to the present embodiment is a light receiving surface on which light is incident (the upper surface in FIG. 14C). 50a and a non-light-receiving surface (the lower surface in FIG. 14C, hereinafter referred to as a second main surface) 50b which is a surface (back surface) opposite to the first main surface 50a.
- the solar cell element assembly 50 includes a plate-like silicon substrate 51, a first electrode 56 provided on the first main surface 50a side, a second electrode 57 provided on the second main surface 50b side, It has. As shown in FIG.
- the silicon substrate 51 includes, for example, a first semiconductor layer 52 that is a one-conductivity-type semiconductor layer, and a reverse provided on the first main surface 50a side of the first semiconductor layer 52. And a second semiconductor layer 53 which is a conductive semiconductor layer.
- the silicon substrate 51 including the first semiconductor layer 52 having one conductivity type for example, p-type
- the same silicon substrate 3 in the solar cell element 201 according to the first embodiment described above can be used. .
- the second semiconductor layer (reverse conductivity type layer) 53 that forms a pn junction with the first semiconductor layer 52 is a layer having a conductivity type opposite to that of the first semiconductor layer 52 (silicon substrate 51). Is provided on the first main surface 50a side.
- the antireflection layer (insulating layer) 55 is formed on the first main surface 50 a side of the silicon substrate 51.
- the antireflection layer 55 for example, a silicon nitride film, a titanium oxide film, a silicon oxide film, or the like can be used.
- the thickness of the antireflection layer 55 is appropriately selected depending on the material, and can be set to a thickness that can realize a non-reflection condition for appropriate incident light.
- the antireflection layer 55 is made of a silicon nitride film, it can also have a passivation effect.
- the third semiconductor layer 54 has the same conductivity type as the first semiconductor layer 52.
- the concentration of the dopant contained in the third semiconductor layer 54 is higher than the concentration of the dopant contained in the first semiconductor layer 52. That is, the dopant element is present in the third semiconductor layer 54 at a concentration higher than the concentration of the dopant element doped to exhibit one conductivity type in the first semiconductor layer 52.
- the third semiconductor layer 54 has a role of reducing a decrease in efficiency due to carrier recombination in the vicinity of the second major surface 50 b in the silicon substrate 51. Due to the third semiconductor layer 54, an internal electric field is formed on the second main surface 50 b side of the silicon substrate 51.
- the third semiconductor layer 54 can be formed by diffusing a dopant element such as boron or aluminum on the second main surface 50b side, for example. At this time, the concentration of the dopant element contained in the third semiconductor layer 54 can be about 1 ⁇ 10 18 to 5 ⁇ 10 21 atoms / cm 3 .
- the first electrode 56 has a first output extraction electrode (first bus bar electrode) 56a and a plurality of linear first finger electrodes 56b. At least a part of the first output extraction electrode 56a intersects the first finger electrode 56b.
- the thickness of the first electrode 56 is, for example, about 10 to 40 ⁇ m.
- the first output extraction electrode 56a has a plurality of rows (four rows in FIG. 14A) in a direction (first direction) parallel to the arrangement direction of the solar cell elements 201. Is provided.
- the width of the first output extraction electrode 56a is, for example, about 1.3 to 2.5 mm in the short direction.
- the first finger electrode 56b is linear.
- the width of the first finger electrode 56b is, for example, about 50 to 200 ⁇ m in the short direction, and is smaller than the width of the first output extraction electrode 56a.
- the first finger electrodes 56b are spaced from each other by a distance of about 1.5 to 3 mm and intersect with the arrangement direction of the solar cell elements 201 (second direction), for example, the direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction (second direction).
- a plurality of the first output extraction electrodes 56a are connected to one end of each of the first output extraction electrodes 56a.
- the first electrode 56 as described above can be formed by, for example, applying a conductive paste containing silver as a main component into a desired shape by screen printing or the like and then baking it.
- the first electrode 56 may include a first auxiliary electrode 56 c extending in parallel with the arrangement direction of the solar cell elements 201.
- the first auxiliary electrodes 56c each intersect the end portion of the first finger electrode 56b in the second direction.
- the second electrode 57 includes a second output extraction electrode (second bus bar electrode) 57a and a second current collecting electrode 57b.
- the second output extraction electrode 57a has a thickness of about 10 to 30 ⁇ m and a width in the short direction of about 1.3 to 7 mm.
- the second output extraction electrodes 57a are arranged in a plurality of rows (four rows in FIG. 14C) in a direction (first direction) parallel to the arrangement direction of the solar cell elements 201. Is provided.
- the second output extraction electrode 57a can be formed, for example, by applying a conductive paste containing silver as a main component into a desired shape by screen printing or the like and then baking it.
- the second collector electrode 57b is formed on substantially the entire surface of the second main surface 50b of the silicon substrate 51 except for a part of the second output extraction electrode 57a, a boundary (virtual dividing line) 62 described later, and the periphery thereof. It is formed.
- the thickness of the second current collecting electrode 57b is, for example, about 15 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the second current collecting electrode 57b can be formed, for example, by applying an aluminum paste in a desired shape by screen printing or the like and then baking it.
- the structure of the solar cell element assembly 50 used in the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment is not limited to the structure described above.
- Another structure of the solar cell element assembly 50 will be described with reference to FIG. Note that a description of the same configuration as in FIG. 14 is omitted.
- the shape of the second electrode 57 can be the same as that of the first electrode 56, for example. That is, as shown in FIG. 15B, the second electrode 57 includes a second output extraction electrode 57a, a plurality of linear second finger electrodes 57b, and end portions in the longitudinal direction of the second finger electrodes 57b. And a linear second auxiliary electrode 57c that intersects.
- the width in the short direction of the second output extraction electrode 57a, the second finger electrode 57b, and the second auxiliary electrode 57c is the short direction of the first output extraction electrode 56a, the second finger electrode 56b, and the second auxiliary electrode 56c. Each of the widths can be larger than the width.
- the second electrode 57 as described above can be formed by, for example, applying a conductive paste containing silver as a main component into a desired shape by screen printing or the like and then baking it.
- the solar cell element assembly 50 further includes a passivation layer 58.
- This passivation layer 58 is formed on the second main surface 50 b side of the silicon substrate 51.
- the passivation layer 58 has a role of reducing carrier recombination in the vicinity of the second major surface 50 b of the silicon substrate 51.
- the passivation layer 58 for example, Si-based nitride films such as silicon nitride and amorphous Si nitride films, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, and the like can be used.
- the thickness of the passivation layer 58 can be about 100 to 2000 mm. It should be noted that such a passivation layer 58 is not an essential component in the present embodiment as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, and may be formed as necessary.
- the solar cell module 101 manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 16, the solar cell module 101 manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment has a plurality of solar cell elements 201 connected in series and in parallel. By combining a plurality of solar cell modules 101, a practical electrical output can be taken out.
- the solar cell module 101 includes a plurality of solar cell elements 201 arranged adjacent to each other, and inner leads 17 that electrically connect adjacent solar cell elements 201.
- the solar cell module 101 includes a translucent member 13, a light receiving surface side sealing material 14a, a non-light receiving surface side sealing material 14b, and a non-light receiving surface side protective material 15. .
- the translucent member 13, the light receiving surface side sealing material 14a, the non-light receiving surface side sealing material 14b, and the non-light receiving surface side protective material 15 each have the functions described in detail in the first embodiment. It is formed using various materials.
- the plurality of solar cell elements 201 includes a first output extraction electrode 56a of one adjacent solar cell element 201 and a second output extraction portion 57a of the other solar cell element 201. They are connected by long (straight) inner leads 17.
- a metal member such as copper is used as the inner lead 17.
- a strip-shaped copper foil whose entire surface is covered with a solder material is made to have a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction. A cut one can be used.
- the inner lead 17 can have a thickness of about 0.1 to 0.4 mm and a width of about 2 mm, for example.
- the solar cell module 101 can include a frame 26 made of aluminum or the like as shown in FIG. 16B.
- the silicon substrate 51 having the first semiconductor layer 52 is a single crystal silicon substrate, it is formed by, for example, a pulling method, and when the silicon substrate 51 is a polycrystalline silicon substrate, it is formed by, for example, a casting method. In the following, an example using p-type polycrystalline silicon will be described.
- a polycrystalline silicon ingot is formed by a casting method.
- the ingot is sliced to a thickness of 250 ⁇ m or less, for example.
- the surface of the silicon substrate 51 is etched by a very small amount with NaOH, KOH, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid or the like. Note that, after this etching step, a minute uneven structure 51a is formed on the surface of the silicon substrate 51 by using a wet etching method or a dry etching method.
- the n-type second semiconductor layer 53 is formed in the surface layer of the silicon substrate 51 on the first main surface 50a side.
- a second semiconductor layer 53 has a coating thermal diffusion method in which P 2 O 5 in a paste state is applied to the surface of the silicon substrate 51 for thermal diffusion, and POCl 3 (phosphorus oxychloride) in a gas state is a diffusion source.
- the gas phase thermal diffusion method and the ion implantation method for directly diffusing phosphorus ions are used.
- the second semiconductor layer 53 is formed to have a thickness of about 0.2 to 2 ⁇ m and a sheet resistance of about 40 to 200 ⁇ / ⁇ .
- the second semiconductor layer 53 when the second semiconductor layer 53 is formed not only on the first main surface 50a side but also on the second main surface 50b side, the second semiconductor layer 53 on the second main surface 50b side. Only etch away. Thereby, the p-type conductivity type region is exposed on the second main surface 50b side.
- the removal of the second semiconductor layer 53 on the second main surface 50b side can be realized, for example, by immersing only the second main surface 50b side of the silicon substrate 51 in a hydrofluoric acid solution.
- a silicon having a similar structure can also be obtained by forming a diffusion mask in advance on the second main surface 50b side, forming the second semiconductor layer 53 by a vapor phase thermal diffusion method, and then removing the diffusion mask.
- the substrate 51 can be formed.
- the silicon substrate 51 including the first semiconductor layer 52 having the p-type semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer 53 having the n-type semiconductor layer can be prepared.
- the method for forming the second semiconductor layer 53 is not limited to the above-described method.
- a thin film technology is used to form a hydrogenated amorphous silicon film, a crystalline silicon film including a microcrystalline silicon film, or the like.
- the layer 53 may be formed.
- an i-type silicon region may be formed between the first semiconductor layer 52 (silicon substrate 51) and the second semiconductor layer 53.
- an antireflection layer (insulating layer) 55 is formed on the first main surface 50a side of the silicon substrate 51 prepared as described above.
- the antireflection layer 55 is formed using, for example, a PECVD (plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition) method, a vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, or the like.
- PECVD plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition
- the reaction chamber is set to about 500 ° C.
- the anti-reflective layer 55 is formed by depositing the mixed gas into plasma by glow discharge decomposition.
- a third semiconductor layer 54 in which one conductivity type semiconductor impurity is diffused at a high concentration is formed.
- the first method is a method of forming at a temperature of about 800 to 1100 ° C. using a thermal diffusion method using BBr 3 (boron tribromide) as a diffusion source.
- the second method is a method in which an aluminum paste made of an aluminum powder, an organic vehicle, or the like is applied by a printing method and then heat treated (baked) at a temperature of about 600 to 850 ° C. to diffuse aluminum into the semiconductor substrate 1.
- the second method not only a desired diffusion region can be formed only on the printing surface, but also n formed on the second main surface 50b side in the same process as the formation structure of the second semiconductor layer 53. It is not necessary to remove the second semiconductor layer 53 of the mold. Therefore, in this method, in order to reduce leakage defects due to contact between the second semiconductor layer 53 and the third semiconductor layer 54, laser light is applied only to the outer peripheral portion on the first main surface 50a side or the second main surface 50b side. Pn separation may be performed using the above.
- a passivation layer 58 is formed as necessary.
- a method for forming the passivation film 58 a PECVD method, a vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, or the like can be used. Further, in the case of forming the passivation layer 58, after providing a mask on the second main surface 50b other than the region where the passivation layer 58 is to be formed, or after providing the mask on the entire surface of the second main surface 50b, You may remove areas other than the formation planned location.
- first electrode 56 first output extraction electrode 56a, first finger electrode 56b
- second electrode 57 second output extraction electrode 57a, second current collection electrode 57b
- the first electrode 56 is manufactured using a conductive paste containing, for example, metal powder made of silver (Ag) or the like, an organic vehicle, and glass frit.
- the conductive paste is applied to the first main surface 50a of the silicon substrate 51, and then fired at a maximum temperature of 600 to 850 ° C. for several tens of seconds to several tens of minutes to form the first electrode 56.
- a screen printing method or the like can be used, and after coating, the solvent may be evaporated and dried at a predetermined temperature.
- the second current collecting electrode 57b is produced using an aluminum paste containing aluminum powder and an organic vehicle. This paste is applied to almost the entire surface of the second main surface 50b of the silicon substrate 51 except for a part of the second main surface 50b and a part where the second output extraction electrode 57a is formed.
- a coating method a screen printing method or the like can be used. After applying the paste in this way, the solvent may be evaporated and dried at a predetermined temperature. In this case, it is difficult for the paste to adhere to a portion other than the portion to be formed during work.
- the division area here is an area including a boundary (virtual division line) 62 described later. More specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 14C, the divided region is a region corresponding to a first interval D7 described later in the second main surface 50b.
- the second output extraction electrode 57a is manufactured using a conductive paste containing, for example, a metal powder made of silver powder or the like, an organic vehicle, and glass frit.
- This conductive paste is applied in a predetermined shape.
- the conductive paste is applied at a position in contact with a part of the aluminum paste, so that the second output extraction electrode 57a and the second collector electrode 57b partially overlap.
- a coating method a screen printing method or the like can be used.
- the solvent is preferably evaporated and dried at a predetermined temperature.
- the second electrode 57 uses a conductive paste containing, for example, metal powder made of silver (Ag) or the like, an organic vehicle, and glass frit. Produced.
- This conductive paste is applied to the second main surface 50b of the silicon substrate 51, and then baked at a maximum temperature of 600 to 850 ° C. for several tens of seconds to several tens of minutes to form the second electrode 57.
- a coating method a screen printing method or the like can be used.
- the solvent is evaporated at a predetermined temperature and dried.
- the second electrode 57 is formed on the second main surface 50 of the silicon substrate 51 by baking the silicon substrate 51 in a baking furnace at a maximum temperature of 600 to 850 ° C. for several tens of seconds to several tens of minutes.
- the electrode formation by the printing / baking method was used in the above, it can also be formed using thin film formation or plating formation such as vapor deposition or sputtering.
- a large-sized solar cell element assembly 50 having a plurality of solar cell elements (in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, two solar cell elements) 201 can be produced.
- the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment includes the first step and the second step. Hereinafter, each step will be described in detail.
- a plurality of solar cell element assemblies 50 are connected to each other by inner leads 17 to form a plurality of string assemblies 61.
- One end of one inner lead 17 is connected to the first output extraction electrode 56a of the solar cell element assembly 50 (50A), and the other end is a second output of the adjacent solar cell element assembly 50 (50B). It is connected to the extraction electrode 57a.
- the inner lead 17 connects between two adjacent solar cell element assemblies 50.
- One end portion of the inner lead 17 is connected along the arrangement direction of the first output extraction electrodes 56a, and the other end portion of the inner lead 17 is connected along the arrangement direction of the second output extraction electrodes 57a. ing.
- a solar cell element assembly 50 shown in FIG. 14 is used. Therefore, the solar cell element assembly 50 includes two solar cell elements 201A and 201B.
- the solar cell assembly 50 has four first output extraction electrodes 56a on the first main surface 50a side and four second output extraction electrodes 57a on the second main surface 50b side. Since the solar cell element assembly 50 (50A) has such a configuration, the adjacent solar cell element assemblies 50 (50B) are connected by the four inner leads 17 corresponding to each output extraction electrode. Yes.
- the inner lead 17 may be one covered with a solder material or one made of a metal foil.
- the first output extraction of the solar cell element assembly 50 is performed using hot air, a soldering iron or the like, or using a reflow furnace or the like.
- the inner lead 17 may be connected to the electrode 56a and the second output extraction electrode 57a by soldering.
- the inner lead 17 may be connected using a low-temperature curing type conductive adhesive.
- heat treatment is performed at about 150 to 250 ° C.
- a conductive filler such as silver, nickel, or carbon containing an epoxy resin, a silicon resin, a polyimide resin, a polyurethane resin, or the like as a binder can be used.
- an assembly 61 of a plurality of strings obtained as described above is placed on the table 72 of the laser device 70, and the laser irradiation unit is placed on the boundary (virtual dividing line) 62. Adjust so that 71 is positioned. Then, the boundary 62 is irradiated with laser light under conditions that generate local heating to the extent that the solar cell element assembly 50 does not evaporate. Then, the plurality of string aggregates 61 are divided into solar cell elements 201 by thermal stress caused by laser light irradiation. That is, the second process includes a laser irradiation process and a dividing process.
- the solar cell element assembly 50 when the solar cell element assembly 50 is irradiated with the laser beam along the boundary (virtual dividing line) 62 parallel to the arrangement direction using the plurality of string assemblies 61, the laser beam acts around the irradiation position.
- a microcrack can be generated by utilizing a thermal stress caused by a compressive stress and a tensile stress acting on the periphery thereof.
- the solar cell element assembly 50 is cleaved by inducing the crack in the direction along the boundary (virtual dividing line) 62 by the thermal stress by the laser beam.
- FIG. 19 a solar cell string 16 having a plurality of solar cell elements 201 connected to each other is formed.
- the arrangement direction in the target of laser irradiation Warpage in the direction parallel to the direction is reduced. Therefore, defocusing of the laser light is reduced, and deterioration of the yield in the dividing step (second step) of the solar cell element assembly 50 can be reduced.
- the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment a step of evaporating a part of the solar cell element assembly 50 by laser irradiation to form a dividing groove, and a step of dividing by applying an external force after the step;
- the solar cell element assembly 50 can be divided in one process divided by laser irradiation. Therefore, productivity can be improved in this embodiment.
- the solar cell element 201 obtained by dividing in this way is suitably used for a small solar cell module or the like.
- a small solar cell module is used by being mounted on a relatively small device such as a charger of an electronic device or a mobile phone.
- a large-sized solar cell element solar cell element aggregate
- a solar cell element having a desired size can be produced efficiently. This eliminates the need for a mechanical facility that matches the size of the substrate of each solar cell element, thereby increasing the production efficiency of various solar cell elements having different sizes.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-236017 discloses a solar cell by irradiating a laser beam from the non-light-receiving surface (second main surface) side of the solar cell element to form a dividing groove and applying an external force to the dividing groove.
- a method for dividing an element is disclosed. In such a dividing method, when a dividing groove having a dividable depth is not formed, even if an external force is applied to the dividing groove, the dividing groove does not break along the dividing groove, resulting in a division failure, and a divided solar cell element is used. May not be possible, and yield may deteriorate.
- the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment after the laser irradiation, the solar cell element is divided by the thermal stress, so that the yield deterioration in the step of dividing the solar cell element can be reduced.
- the laser irradiation unit 71 when laser light is scanned, the laser irradiation unit 71 may be moved in a predetermined direction, or the table 72 may be moved in a predetermined direction. Or you may move both the laser irradiation part 71 and the table 72 to a predetermined direction.
- the pn junction region is formed on the first main surface 50 before the first step.
- a laser beam can be irradiated to the surface on the opposite side to the surface in which the junction area
- region (pn junction) is not formed in the boundary (virtual dividing line) 62 of the surface irradiated with a laser beam, the damage to the junction area
- the linear first finger electrode 56b or the second finger electrode 57b is provided at the boundary (virtual dividing line) 62 between the adjacent solar cell elements 201A and 201B.
- the first electrode 56 or the second electrode 57 may be formed so as to have a plurality of regions at a predetermined interval. .
- the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment further includes a step of forming the second electrode 57 on the second main surface 50b before the second step.
- the second electrode 57 is formed so as to have a first region 57d and a second region 57e arranged at a first interval D7 in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction.
- the first interval D 7 corresponds to the boundary (virtual dividing line) 62.
- the solar cell element assembly 50 is divided for each solar cell element 201 within the first interval D7.
- the boundary (virtual dividing line) 62 does not exist around the boundary (virtual dividing line) 62, that is, the second current collecting electrode 57b is formed with a predetermined distance from the boundary (virtual dividing line) 62
- the second current collecting electrode 57b may be made of aluminum. In this case, it is possible to reduce the problem that the second current collecting electrode 57b melted by the irradiation of the laser light is cooled and solidified, thereby inhibiting the division of the solar cell element assembly 50.
- the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment further includes a step of forming the first electrode 56 on the first main surface 50a before the second step.
- the first electrode 56 is formed to have a fifth region 56d and a sixth region 56e.
- the fifth region 56d and the sixth region 56e are arranged with a second space D6 therebetween, and the second space D6 corresponds to the boundary (virtual dividing line) 62.
- the solar cell element aggregate 50 is divided for each solar cell element 201 within the second interval D6.
- the solar cell element assembly 50 is slightly inclined with respect to the desired boundary (virtual dividing line) 62. It can reduce that the 1 electrode 56 and a division position overlap. In addition, a large amount of received light can be secured.
- the third semiconductor layer 54 does not exist at the boundary (virtual dividing line) 62 and its periphery. That is, the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment further includes a step of forming the third semiconductor layer 54 before the second step, and in this formation step, the third semiconductor layer 54 is bounded by the boundary (virtual dividing line) 62. And a predetermined interval may be provided. That is, the third semiconductor layer 54 may be formed to have a third region 54a and a fourth region 54b that are arranged corresponding to the first region 57d and the second region 57e of the second electrode 57, respectively.
- the third region 54a and the fourth region 54b are arranged with a third interval D4, and laser light is irradiated into the third interval D4 in the dividing step (second step). ,To divide.
- the laser beam is irradiated onto the silicon substrate 51 without passing through the third semiconductor layer 54. From this, it is possible to reduce the problem that the dopant of the third semiconductor layer 54 diffuses and leaks from the second main surface 50b toward the first main surface 50a due to the laser light irradiation.
- the third interval D4 is formed to be equal to or narrower than the first interval D7, the BSF effect can be sufficiently obtained.
- first distance D7, the second distance D6, and the third distance D4 may be, for example, 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less.
- the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment further includes a step of forming a pair of first auxiliary electrodes 56c on the first main surface 50a before the second step, and in this forming step, FIG. ), A pair of first auxiliary electrodes 56c extending in parallel to the arrangement direction may be provided at both ends of the boundary (virtual dividing line) 62.
- the solar cell element assembly 50 is divided by irradiating laser light between the pair of first auxiliary electrodes 6c.
- laser light that absorbs light on the surface of the solar cell element assembly 50 can be used.
- a YAG laser, a CO 2 laser, or the like can be used.
- continuous wave laser light may be used. In this case, thermal stress is increased, and cracks are easily generated in the silicon substrate 51.
- the shape of the laser spot is, for example, a circular shape collected using a spherical lens or a linear shape collected using a circumferential lens.
- the laser spot is linear, the laser beam may be scanned so that the scanning direction coincides with the longitudinal direction.
- the laser beam irradiation is performed in accordance with the thickness of the solar cell element assembly 50, the type and wavelength of the laser light to be used, so that thermal stress is generated in the solar cell element assembly 50. This is performed by appropriately adjusting the laser diameter and the like.
- gas may be sprayed to the position where the laser light of the solar cell element assembly 50 is irradiated.
- the surface of the solar cell element assembly 50 can be cooled quickly, and cracks are easily generated in the silicon substrate 51.
- first electrode 56 and the second electrode 57 are formed so that the ratio of the formation region of the second electrode 57 in the second main surface 50b is larger than the ratio of the formation region of the first electrode 56 in the first main surface 50a. May be.
- the solar cell element assembly 50 can be easily cleaved by irradiating the solar cell element assembly 50 including the first electrode 56 and the second electrode 57 having such a relationship with laser light.
- the solar cell element assembly 50 is 1st main surface from the relationship of a thermal expansion coefficient. It tends to be curved so that the 50a side is convex. Therefore, when irradiating the curved solar cell element assembly 50 with laser light, the laser beam may be applied in a state where stress is applied in a direction in which the solar cell element assembly 50 becomes flat. . That is, the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment further includes a step of forming the solar cell element assembly 50 into a curved shape that is convex toward the first main surface 50a before the second step.
- a laser beam is irradiated in the state which applied the stress in the direction where the solar cell element assembly 50 becomes flat with respect to the solar cell element assembly 50.
- FIG. As a result, a tensile stress acts on the surface on the second main surface 50b side, so that a crack is easily generated in the silicon substrate 51.
- a method of applying stress in the direction of flattening for example, there is a method of applying stress to the solar cell element assembly 50 by pressing both ends of the solar cell element assembly 50 in the arrangement direction.
- a method may be used in which the solar cell element assembly 50 is flattened by pressing the solar cell element assembly 50 against a flat table and then vacuum-sucking it.
- a laser is applied by applying stress to the solar cell element assembly 50 so that the second main surface 50b side of the solar cell element assembly 50 is convex in a cross section perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the solar cell element assemblies 50. You may irradiate light. Thereby, the solar cell element assembly 50 can be easily cleaved.
- the solar cell element assembly 50 As a method of applying stress to the solar cell element assembly 50 so that the second main surface 50b side of the solar cell element assembly 50 is convex, for example, the boundary on the table 72 where the solar cell element assembly 50 is installed A spacer is disposed at the position of (virtual dividing line) 62, and the solar cell element assembly 50 is pressed by pressing the solar cell element assembly 50 disposed on the spacer so that the first surface 50a faces the table 73. There is a method of applying a stress to the substrate. As another method, after pressing the solar cell element assembly 50 arranged so that the first surface 50a is opposed to the table 73 having a convex center, the solar cell element assembly 50 is vacuum-adsorbed. The second main surface 50b side may be convex.
- a groove for accommodating the inner lead 17 is formed in a portion where the inner lead 17 is located. May be. Thereby, the variation in the height in the thickness direction of the aggregate 61 of the plurality of strings due to the connection of the inner leads 17 can be reduced, and the aiming position of the laser beam can be reduced.
- the solar cell element assembly 50 may be cleaved by irradiating laser light in an atmosphere containing oxygen.
- segmentation can be reduced. This is presumably because an oxide film is formed in the divided region by laser light irradiation and has a passivation effect.
- the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment allows the solar cells in the plurality of solar cell string assemblies 61 before the individual solar cell strings 16 obtained by dividing the plurality of solar cell string assemblies 61 are conveyed. You may provide the process of confirming whether the element assembly 50 was divided
- a light source inside the table 72 and a light recognition device comprising a camera or the like above the table 72 May be installed.
- a laser beam you may irradiate light from a light source from the table 72 side, and you may confirm the light which leaked from the division position using the optical recognition apparatus.
- segmentation state of the solar cell element assembly 50 can be confirmed.
- the solar cell element assembly 50 is undivided, for example, the laser beam is irradiated again to divide the undivided solar cell element assembly 50, or the undivided solar cell element assembly 50 is included.
- the undivided solar cell element assembly 50 can be divided separately.
- the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment further includes a third step of conveying the first solar cell string 16A among the plurality of solar cell strings 16.
- the first solar cell string 16A is lifted from the table 72 and conveyed with the solar cell string 16B other than the first solar cell string 16A fixed to the table 72.
- the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment is transported in a state where the second solar cell string 16B that is not transported after being divided is fixed on the table 72 by vacuum suction or the like.
- the first solar cell string 16A may be transported by lifting it from the table 72 by the transport means. In this case, even if there is a solar cell element assembly 50 that is not cleaved, the crack can be developed by the above method, and the divided solar cell string 16 can be conveyed to the next step.
- the solar cell string 16 which has the some solar cell element 201 connected with the light-receiving surface side sealing material 14a and the inner lead 17 on the translucent member 13, for example. Further, a non-light-receiving surface side sealing material 14b and a non-light-receiving surface side protection material 15 are sequentially laminated thereon.
- the solar cell module 101 in which the respective members are integrated can be formed by laminating and laminating the respective members.
- the laminate of the above-described members is set in a laminator and heated at a temperature of 100 ° C. to 200 ° C. for about 15 to 60 minutes while being pressurized under a reduced pressure of 50 to 150 Pa.
- a method in which the surface-side sealing material 14a and the non-light-receiving surface-side sealing material 14b are melt-crosslinked is a method in which the surface-side sealing material 14a and the non-light-receiving surface-side sealing material 14b are melt-crosslinked.
- a frame 26 such as aluminum may be fitted around the obtained solar cell module 102 as necessary.
- the manufacturing method of the solar cell module which concerns on this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, Many within the scope of the present invention. You can make corrections and changes.
- the solar cell element assembly 50 for forming the solar cell element 201 having a structure having electrodes on both main surfaces
- the solar cell according to the fifth embodiment Using the solar cell element assembly 50 for forming a solar cell element having a structure having an electrode only on the second main surface 10b side which is a non-light-receiving surface, as in the element 205 It doesn't matter.
- one solar cell element assembly 50 includes two or more solar cell elements 2 and may be divided into a plurality of pieces.
- an independent laser device is used in the laser irradiation step
- this laser device may be used by being incorporated in a device to which the inner lead 17 is connected. That is, the laser device is integrated with the inner lead 17 connecting device.
- the laser device is integrated with the inner lead 17 connecting device.
- productivity can be improved and equipment used can be made compact.
- a specific method using a device in which the laser device and the connection device are integrated for example, there is the following method.
- the first main surface 50a of the solar cell element assembly 50 is directed upward, the inner leads 17 are arranged on the first output extraction electrodes 56a of the plurality of solar cell elements 201, and connected by a predetermined method. To do.
- the second main surface 50b of the plurality of solar cell element assemblies 50 faces upward, and the inner leads 17 connected to one solar cell element assembly 50 (50A) are connected to the other solar cell element assembly 50.
- second output extraction electrodes 57a are arranged and connected by a predetermined method to form an aggregate 61 of a plurality of strings. And the laser beam can be irradiated to the aggregate
- connection device for connecting the inner lead 17 includes a mounting means for mounting the solar cell element assembly 50 such as a table, a heating means for heating the inner lead 17, and the inner lead 17 as the first output extraction electrode 56a.
- a mounting means for mounting the solar cell element assembly 50 such as a table
- a heating means for heating the inner lead 17, and the inner lead 17 as the first output extraction electrode 56a Alternatively, holding means for pressing and holding the second output extraction electrode 57a and laser irradiation means for irradiating the solar cell element assembly 50 with laser light are provided.
- the mounting means (table) may also have a transport means for transporting the solar cell element assembly 50.
- the laser beam may be irradiated.
- the temperature of the solar cell element assembly 50 rises when the inner lead 17 is connected, but it is cooled by the gas as described above.
- the laser light can be irradiated after the temperature of the solar cell element assembly 50 is lowered.
- the laser device 70 may include an image recognition device.
- the image recognition apparatus can recognize the laser beam after confirming the irradiation position of the laser beam by recognizing the electrode shape of the solar cell element assembly 50 or the outer shape of the substrate. Therefore, even if the plurality of solar cell element assemblies 50 are connected in a shifted manner in the plurality of string assemblies 61, laser light can be irradiated within a desired boundary (virtual dividing line) 62. Thereby, the yield can be improved.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and many modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the present invention. Needless to say, the present invention includes various combinations of the above-described embodiments.
- 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106 solar cell module 1a: short side 1b: long side 201, 202, 203, 204, 205: solar cell element 3: silicon substrate 4: light receiving surface 5: non-light receiving Surface 6: Reverse conductivity type layer 7: Insulating layer 8a: First side surface 8b: Second side surface 8c: Third side surface 8d: Fourth side surface 9: Light-receiving surface side bus bar electrode (first bus bar electrode) 9a: first side electrode 9b: second side electrode 10: non-light-receiving surface side bus bar electrode (second bus bar electrode) 11: Second current collecting electrode 12: First current collecting electrode (first finger electrode) 13: Translucent member 14a: Light-receiving surface side sealing material 14b: Non-light-receiving surface side sealing material 15: Non-light-receiving surface side protective material 16: Solar cell string 17: Inner lead 19: Raised portion 19a: First raised portion 19b: second raised portion 20: oxide film 20a: first oxide film 20
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Abstract
Description
(第1の実施形態)
以下、図1乃至図5を用いて、第1の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール101について、詳細に説明する。
次に、本発明の第2の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール102について、図6(a)を用いて説明する。なお、図6(a)においては、上述した図1(c)と同一の構成部分には同一の符号を付して説明は省略する。後述する他の実施形態の説明においても、同様である。
次に、本発明の第3の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール103について、図7を用いて説明する。本実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール103は、太陽電池素子203における受光面側に設けられた電極構成について、第1の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール101と異なる。
次に、本発明の第4の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール104について、図6(b)を用いて説明する。本実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール104は、太陽電池素子204の構成について、第1の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール101と異なる。
次に、本発明の第5の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール105について、図8乃至図10を用いて説明する。図8(a)乃至図8(c)および図10は、第5の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール105に用いられる太陽電池素子205を示す図であり、図9(a)乃至図9(c)は、太陽電池素子205の第1の変形例2051を示す図であり、図9(d)は、太陽電池素子205の第2の変形例2052を示す図である。
次に、本発明の第6の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール106について、図11乃至図13を用いて説明する。本実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール106は、複数の太陽電池素子同士を接続する構成について、第5の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール105と異なる。すなわち、本実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール106は、太陽電池ストリング16において、第5の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュール105と異なる。
(第7の実施形態)
以下、本発明の第7の実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュールの製造方法について、図14および図16乃至図19を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。
次に上述の構造を有する太陽電池素子集合体50の製造方法について説明する。
次に、上述のようにして得られた太陽電池素子集合体50を用いた、本実施形態に係る太陽電池モジュールの製造方法について説明する。
1a:短辺側
1b:長辺側
201、202、203、204、205:太陽電池素子
3:シリコン基板
4:受光面
5:非受光面
6:逆導電型層
7:絶縁層
8a:第1側面
8b:第2側面
8c:第3側面
8d:第4側面
9:受光面側バスバー電極(第1バスバー電極)
9a:第1側面側電極
9b:第2側面側電極
10:非受光面側バスバー電極(第2バスバー電極)
11:第2集電電極
12:第1集電電極(第1フィンガー電極)
13:透光性部材
14a:受光面側封止材
14b:非受光面側封止材
15:非受光面側保護材
16:太陽電池ストリング
17:インナーリード
19:隆起部
19a:第1隆起部
19b:第2隆起部
20:酸化膜
20a:第1酸化膜
20b:第2酸化膜
21:BSF領域
23:分割溝
24:接続部材
25:補助電極
26:フレーム
27:出力取出電極
27a:第1出力取出電極
27b:第2出力取出電極
28:接続シート
29:基体シート
30:回路層
30a:コンタクト部
31:凸部
32:接着層
33:接合材
34:応力緩和孔
50:親基板(太陽電池素子集合体)
50a:第1主面
50b:第2主面
51 :シリコン基板
52 :第1半導体層
53 :第2半導体層
54 :第3半導体層
54d :第5領域
54e :第6領域
55 :反射防止層
56 :第1電極
56a :第1出力取出電極
56b :第1集電電極
56c :第1補助電極
56d :第3領域
56e :第4領域
57 :第2電極
57a :第2出力取出電極
57b :第2集電電極
57c :第2補助電極
57d :第1領域
57e :第2領域
58 :パッシベーション層
59 :端子ボックス
60 :出力取出配線
61 :複数のストリングの集合体
62 :境界
81 :被設置面
301 :太陽電池アレイ
Claims (19)
- 長方形状の第1主面と該第1主面上に長辺方向に沿って延びる第1バスバー電極とを有する複数の太陽電池素子および隣り合う該太陽電池素子を前記第1主面の長辺方向に沿って接続する配線材を有する太陽電池ストリングと、
該太陽電池ストリングを覆うように前記第1主面に略平行に配置された長方形状の透光性部材と、
前記太陽電池ストリングと前記透光性部材との間に配置された封止材と、を備え、
前記複数の太陽電池素子は、それぞれ、前記第1主面、該第1主面の裏側に位置する第2主面、前記第1主面と前記第2主面とを接続する第1側面、および該第1側面の裏側に位置し前記第1主面と前記第2主面とを接続する第2側面を有するシリコン基板を備えており、
前記第1側面および前記第2側面は、前記第1主面の長辺方向に沿って配置され、前記第1側面はシリコンが露出しているとともに、前記第2側面は絶縁層で覆われている、太陽電池モジュール。 - 前記太陽電池ストリング中の前記複数の太陽電池素子の前記第2側面は、同一平面内に位置するように配置されている、請求項1に記載の太陽電池モジュール。
- 前記第1主面は、受光面であり、
前記第1バスバー電極は、前記第1主面上に複数設けられており、
該複数の前記第1バスバー電極は、前記第1側面に最も近い第1側面側電極と、前記第2側面に最も近い第2側面側電極と、を有しており、
前記第1主面側から見たときに、前記第1側面側電極と前記第1側面との距離は、前記第2側面側電極と前記第2側面との距離よりも大きい、請求項1に記載の太陽電池モジュール。 - 前記太陽電池素子は、前記第1側面と前記第1主面との交差部に設けられた第1隆起部、および前記第1側面と前記第2主面との交差部に設けられた第2隆起部の少なくとも一方をさらに有している、請求項1に記載の太陽電池モジュール。
- 前記太陽電池素子は、前記第1隆起部の上に設けられた第1酸化膜、および前記第2隆起部の上に設けられた第2酸化膜の少なくとも一方をさらに有している、請求項4に記載の太陽電池モジュール。
- 前記第1酸化膜および前記第2酸化膜の少なくとも一方は、対応する前記第1主面および前記第2主面の少なくとも一方において、対応する前記第1隆起部または前記第2隆起部よりも内側にまで延びて設けられている、請求項5に記載の太陽電池モジュール。
- 前記第1主面は、受光面であり、
複数の前記太陽電池素子は、それぞれ前記第1主面上で前記第1バスバー電極に略垂直な方向に延びるとともに前記第1電極に電気的に接続された複数の第1フィンガー電極をさらに有しており、
該第1フィンガー電極の両端のうち前記第1側面側に位置する第1端部は、前記第1側面に達しており、
前記第1フィンガー電極の両端のうち前記第2側面側に位置する第2端部は、前記第2側面から離間している、請求項1に記載の太陽電池モジュール。 - 複数の前記太陽電池素子は、前記第1主面の外周に、前記第1側面に沿うとともに前記第1フィンガー電極を介して前記第1バスバー電極に電気的に接続された第1補助電極をさらに有している、請求項7に記載の太陽電池モジュール。
- 前記太陽電池ストリングを複数有しており、
複数の前記太陽電池ストリングは、第1の太陽電池ストリングおよび該第1の太陽電池ストリングと隣り合う第2の太陽電池ストリングを含み、
前記第1太陽電池ストリングにおける複数の前記太陽電池素子の前記第1側面は、第1の面内に位置するように配置されており、
前記第2太陽電池ストリングにおける複数の前記太陽電池素子の前記第2側面は、第2の面内に位置するように配置されており、
前記第2の面は、前記第1の面に平行であるとともに前記第1の面に対向して配置されている、請求項1に記載の太陽電池モジュール。 - 請求項1に記載の太陽電池モジュールを製造する製造方法であって、
前記第1主面および該第1主面と反対側の前記第2主面を有する前記シリコン基板を含む複数の前記太陽電池素子を有する太陽電池素子集合体を複数個、一方向に配列するとともに、複数の配線材で対応する前記太陽電池素子を前記一方向に接続して、複数の太陽電池ストリングの集合体を形成する第1工程と、
前記集合体に対して隣り合う前記太陽電池素子の境界に前記一方向に沿って前記第2主面側からレーザ光を照射し、該レーザ光の照射により生じる熱応力によって前記太陽電池素子毎に分割して、前記配線材で前記一方向に接続された複数の前記太陽電池素子を有する複数の太陽電池ストリングを形成する第2工程と
を備える、太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。 - 前記第1工程の前に、前記シリコン基板の前記第1主面にpn接合領域を形成する工程をさらに備える、請求項10に記載の太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
- 前記第2工程の前に、前記太陽電池素子集合体に対して、前記第2主面に、第1領域と、該第1領域に対して前記一方向に垂直な方向に第1の間隔を隔てて配置された第2領域とを有する第2電極を形成する工程をさらに備え、
前記第2工程において、前記第1の間隔内にレーザ光を照射して、前記第1の間隔内で前記太陽電池素子毎に分割する、請求項10に記載の太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。 - 前記第2工程の前に、前記太陽電池素子集合体に対して、前記第2電極の前記第2主面側に、それぞれ前記第1領域および前記第2領域に対応して配置されている第3領域および第4領域を有する半導体層を形成する工程をさらに備える、請求項12に記載の太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
- 前記第2工程の前に、前記太陽電池素子集合体に対して、前記第1主面に、第5領域と、該第5領域と前記一方向に垂直な方向に第2の間隔を隔てて配置された第6領域とを有する第1電極を形成する工程をさらに備え、
前記第2工程において、前記第2の間隔内で前記太陽電池素子毎に分割する、請求項12に記載の太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。 - 前記太陽電池素子集合体に対して、前記第2主面における前記第2電極の形成領域の割合が前記第1主面における第1電極の形成領域の割合よりも大きくなるように、前記第1電極および前記第2電極を形成する、請求項14に記載の太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
- 前記第2工程の前に、前記太陽電池素子集合体を前記第1主面側に凸である湾曲形状とする工程をさらに備え、
前記第2工程において、前記太陽電池素子集合体に対して前記太陽電池素子集合体が平坦となる方向に応力を印加した状態で前記レーザ光を照射する、請求項15に記載の太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。 - 前記第2工程の前に、前記太陽電池素子集合体に対して、前記第1主面に、前記太陽電池素子の配列方向に平行に延びる一対の補助電極を形成する工程をさらに備え、
前記第2工程において、前記一対の補助電極の間において前記太陽電池素子毎に分割する、請求項10に記載の太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。 - 前記第2工程において、酸素雰囲気において前記レーザ光を照射する、請求項10に記載の太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
- 複数の前記太陽電池ストリングのうち第1太陽電池ストリングを搬送する第3工程をさらに備え、
該第3工程において、前記第1太陽電池ストリング以外の他の太陽電池ストリングを複数の前記太陽電池ストリングが載置されているテーブルに固定した状態で、前記第1太陽電池ストリングを前記テーブルから持ち上げて搬送する、請求項10に記載の太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
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