WO2012042894A1 - 容積型圧縮機 - Google Patents
容積型圧縮機 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012042894A1 WO2012042894A1 PCT/JP2011/005522 JP2011005522W WO2012042894A1 WO 2012042894 A1 WO2012042894 A1 WO 2012042894A1 JP 2011005522 W JP2011005522 W JP 2011005522W WO 2012042894 A1 WO2012042894 A1 WO 2012042894A1
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- volume
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- rotational speed
- motor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C28/08—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by varying the rotational speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C28/24—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves
- F04C28/26—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves using bypass channels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
- F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
- F04C18/356—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member
- F04C18/3562—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surfaces substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
- F04C18/3564—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surfaces substantially parallel to the axis of rotation the surfaces of the inner and outer member, forming the working space, being surfaces of revolution
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2240/00—Components
- F04C2240/40—Electric motor
- F04C2240/403—Electric motor with inverter for speed control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2270/00—Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
- F04C2270/05—Speed
- F04C2270/051—Controlled or regulated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2270/00—Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
- F04C2270/20—Flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C23/008—Hermetic pumps
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a positive displacement compressor.
- Compressor motors are usually controlled by an inverter and a microcomputer. If the number of rotations of the motor is lowered, the refrigeration cycle apparatus using the compressor can be operated with a sufficiently lower capacity than the rating. Patent Document 1 further provides one technique for operating the refrigeration cycle apparatus with such a low capacity that cannot be realized by inverter control.
- FIG. 19 is a configuration diagram of the air conditioner described in Patent Document 1.
- the compressor 915, the four-way valve 917, the indoor heat exchanger 918, the decompressor 919, and the outdoor heat exchanger 920 constitute a refrigeration cycle.
- the cylinder of the compressor 915 is provided with an intermediate discharge port that opens from the start to the middle of the compression stroke.
- the intermediate discharge port is connected to the suction path of the compressor 915 by a bypass path 923.
- the bypass 923 is provided with a flow control device 921 and an electromagnetic on-off valve 922.
- the electromagnetic on-off valve 922 is opened only during operation at a low set frequency. Thereby, the driving
- the shortcut to increase the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle apparatus is to increase the efficiency of the compressor.
- the efficiency of the compressor is highly dependent on the efficiency of the motor used. Many motors are designed to exhibit the highest efficiency at a rotational speed in the vicinity of a rated rotational speed (for example, 60 Hz). Therefore, if the motor is driven at an extremely low number of revolutions, improvement in the efficiency of the compressor cannot be expected.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a positive displacement compressor that can exhibit high efficiency even when low capacity is required (when the load is small).
- the present invention A compression mechanism having a working chamber; A motor for moving the compression mechanism; A suction path for leading the working fluid to be compressed to the working chamber; A return path for returning the working fluid from the working chamber to the suction path;
- the suction volume of the compression mechanism which is provided in the return path, should be relatively small, the working fluid is allowed to return from the working chamber to the suction path through the return path, and the suction volume is relatively set.
- variable volume mechanism that inhibits working fluid from returning from the working chamber to the suction path through the return path when it should be increased;
- a control unit that controls the variable volume mechanism and the inverter so as to compensate for a decrease in the suction volume by an increase in the rotation speed of the motor;
- a positive displacement compressor is provided.
- the positive displacement compressor by using the return path to return the working fluid from the working chamber to the suction path, the positive displacement compressor can be operated with a relatively small suction volume.
- the positive displacement compressor can be operated with a relatively large suction volume, that is, a normal suction volume.
- the variable volume mechanism and the inverter are controlled so as to compensate for the decrease in the suction volume by the increase in the rotation speed of the motor. That is, instead of driving the motor at a low rotational speed, the suction volume is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to provide a positive displacement compressor that can exhibit high efficiency even when the load is small.
- the positive displacement compressor is not particularly limited.
- the positive displacement compressor include a rotary compressor, a scroll compressor, a reciprocating compressor, a screw compressor, and a swash plate compressor. In this specification, embodiments of a rotary compressor and a scroll compressor are described.
- the rotary compressor 100 of this embodiment includes a compressor body 40, an accumulator 12, a discharge path 11, a suction path 14, a return path 16, a variable volume mechanism 30, an inverter 42, and a control unit 44. ing.
- the compressor main body 40 includes a sealed container 1, a motor 2, a rotary compression mechanism 3, and a shaft 4.
- the compression mechanism 3 is disposed below the sealed container 1.
- the motor 2 is disposed above the compression mechanism 3 in the sealed container 1.
- the compression mechanism 3 and the motor 2 are connected by the shaft 4.
- a terminal 21 for supplying electric power to the motor 2 is provided on the top of the sealed container 1.
- An oil reservoir 22 for holding lubricating oil is formed at the bottom of the sealed container 1.
- the compressor body 40 has a so-called hermetic compressor structure.
- the discharge path 11, the suction path 14, and the return path 16 are each composed of a refrigerant pipe.
- the discharge path 11 penetrates the upper part of the sealed container 1 and is open inside the sealed container 1.
- the discharge path 11 plays a role of guiding a compressed working fluid (typically a refrigerant) to the outside of the compressor body 40.
- the suction path 14 has one end connected to the compression mechanism 3 and the other end connected to the accumulator 12, and penetrates the trunk of the sealed container 1.
- the suction path 14 plays a role of guiding the refrigerant to be compressed from the accumulator 12 to the working chamber 25 of the compression mechanism 3.
- the return path 16 has one end connected to the compression mechanism 3 at a position different from the suction path 14 and the other end connected to the accumulator 12, and penetrates the trunk of the sealed container 1.
- the return path 16 plays a role of returning the refrigerant once sucked into the working chamber 25 of the compression mechanism 3 to the suction path 14 before compression.
- the compression mechanism 3 is a positive displacement fluid mechanism and is moved by the motor 2 so as to compress the refrigerant.
- the compression mechanism 3 includes a cylinder 5, a piston 8, a vane 9, a spring 10, an upper bearing 6, and a lower bearing 7.
- a piston 8 fitted to the eccentric portion 4 a of the shaft 4 is disposed so that a working chamber 25 is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 5 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 5.
- a vane groove 24 is formed in the cylinder 5.
- the vane groove 24 accommodates a vane 9 having a tip that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the piston 8.
- the spring 10 is disposed in the vane groove 24 so as to push the vane 9 toward the piston 8.
- the upper bearing 6 and the lower bearing 7 are respectively provided on the upper side and the lower side of the cylinder 5 so as to close the cylinder 5.
- the working chamber 25 between the cylinder 5 and the piston 8 is partitioned by the vane 9, thereby forming a suction chamber 25a and a compression-discharge chamber 25b.
- the refrigerant to be compressed is guided to the working chamber 25 (suction chamber 25a) through the suction path 14 and the suction port 27.
- a discharge port 29 is formed in the upper bearing 6 so that the compressed refrigerant is guided from the working chamber 25 (compression-discharge chamber 25b) to the internal space 28 of the sealed container 1.
- the discharge port 29 is provided with a discharge valve (not shown).
- the vane 9 may be integrated with the piston 8. That is, the piston 8 and the vane 9 may be configured as a so-called swing piston.
- the motor 2 includes a stator 17 and a rotor 18.
- the stator 17 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the sealed container 1.
- the rotor 18 is fixed to the shaft 4 and rotates together with the shaft 4.
- the piston 8 is moved inside the cylinder 5 by the motor 2.
- a motor capable of changing the rotational speed such as IPMSM (Interior Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Mortar) and SPMSM (Surface Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Mortar) can be used.
- the control unit 44 controls the inverter 42 to adjust the rotational speed of the motor 2, that is, the rotational speed of the rotary compressor 100.
- a DSP Digital Signal Processor
- a / D conversion circuit an input / output circuit, an arithmetic circuit, a storage device, and the like can be used.
- the accumulator 12 includes a storage container 12a and an introduction pipe 12b.
- the storage container 12a has an internal space that can hold a liquid refrigerant and a gas refrigerant.
- the introduction pipe 12b passes through the upper part of the storage container 12a and opens toward the internal space of the storage container 12a.
- the suction path 14 and the return path 16 are connected to the accumulator 12 so as to penetrate the bottom of the storage container 12a.
- the suction path 14 and the return path 16 extend upward from the bottom of the storage container 12a and open toward the internal space of the storage container 12a at a certain height. That is, the return path 16 is connected to the suction path 14 via the internal space of the accumulator 12.
- another member such as a baffle may be provided inside the storage container 12a in order to reliably prevent the liquid refrigerant from proceeding directly from the introduction pipe 12b to the suction path 14.
- variable volume mechanism 30 is provided in the return path 16.
- the variable volume mechanism 30 includes an on-off valve 32 and a check valve 35. That is, in this embodiment, the variable volume mechanism 30 does not have the ability to depressurize the refrigerant. Further, the refrigerant sucked into the suction chamber 25a is returned to the suction path 14 through the return path 16 without being substantially compressed in the compression-discharge chamber 25b. Therefore, the decrease in efficiency due to pressure loss is extremely small. However, as long as the efficiency of the rotary compressor 100 is not significantly affected, the variable volume mechanism 30 may have the ability to depressurize the refrigerant. For the same reason, the refrigerant compressed in the compression-discharge chamber 25 b may be returned to the suction path 14 through the return path 16.
- the on-off valve 32 is provided in the return path 16 outside the compressor body 40.
- the check valve 35 is provided inside the compressor body 40.
- the return path 16 communicates the upstream portion 16h formed inside the compression mechanism 3 (specifically, inside the cylinder 5), the working chamber 25, and the upstream portion 16h. And a return port 16p.
- the check valve 35 is provided in the upstream portion 16h.
- the check valve 35 prevents the refrigerant from flowing from the return path 16 to the working chamber 25. According to the check valve 35, the flow of the refrigerant from the return path 16 to the working chamber 25 can be prevented with a relatively simple structure without relying on electrical control.
- the check valve 35 includes a valve body 36, a guide 37, and a spring 38.
- the valve body 36 is made of a thin metal plate having two surfaces, and is provided inside the guide 37 so as to reciprocate between a first position where the return port 16p is closed and a second position where the return port 16p is opened. Has been placed.
- One surface of the valve body 36 faces the return port 16p, and the other surface faces the spring 38.
- the spring 38 pushes the valve body 36 toward the return port 16p.
- a gap having an appropriate width is formed between the valve body 36 and the guide 37.
- the variable volume mechanism 30 plays a role of changing the suction volume (containment volume) of the rotary compressor 100.
- the suction volume of the rotary compressor 100 When the suction volume of the rotary compressor 100 is to be relatively small, the refrigerant before compression is allowed to return from the working chamber 25 (more specifically, the compression-discharge chamber 25b) to the suction passage 14 through the return passage 16. Specifically, the on-off valve 32 is opened.
- the suction volume should be relatively increased, the refrigerant before compression is prohibited from returning from the working chamber 25 to the suction path 14 through the return path 16.
- the on-off valve 32 is closed. When the on-off valve 32 is open, the rotary compressor 100 is operated in the low volume mode. When the on-off valve 32 is closed, the rotary compressor 100 is operated in the high volume mode.
- the inverter 42 is controlled so as to compensate for the decrease in the suction volume by the increase in the rotation speed of the motor 2. Is done. As a result, even when low capacity is required (when the load is small), the rotational speed of the motor 2 does not have to be extremely reduced. That is, the motor 2 can be driven at a rotational speed that can exhibit high efficiency even when low capacity is required. Therefore, the efficiency of the rotary compressor 100 is also improved.
- the upstream portion 16 h and the return port 16 p of the return path 16 are formed at a position of 180 degrees with respect to the rotation angle of the shaft 4.
- the positions of the vane 9 and the vane groove 24 are defined as a “0 degree” reference position along the rotation direction of the shaft 4.
- the rotation angle of the shaft 4 at the moment when the vane 9 is pushed into the vane groove 24 by the piston 8 to the maximum is defined as “0 degree”.
- the process of compressing the refrigerant confined in the compression-discharge chamber 25b starts from a rotation angle of 0 degrees.
- the stroke of discharging the refrigerant confined in the compression-discharge chamber 25b from the return port 16p is performed in a period of 0 to 180 degrees, and the compression stroke starts from a rotation angle of 180 degrees. Therefore, when the suction volume in the high volume mode is V, the suction volume in the low volume mode is V / 2.
- the position of the return port 16p and the like can be appropriately changed according to the ratio of the suction volume to be changed. For example, when the return port 16p is formed at a position of 90 degrees, the suction volume in the low volume mode is ⁇ 1+ (1/2) 1/2 ⁇ V / 2.
- FIG. 3 shows a state in which the shaft 4 and the piston 8 rotate counterclockwise.
- the volume of the suction chamber 25a increases.
- the volume of the suction chamber 25a is maximized.
- the suction chamber 25a is changed to the compression-discharge chamber 25b.
- the volume of the compression-discharge chamber 25b decreases.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B when the volume of the suction chamber 25a increases along points A, B, and C, the volume of the compression-discharge chamber 25b increases along points D, E, and F. Decrease.
- the check valve 35 opens as the volume of the compression-discharge chamber 25b decreases, and the refrigerant passes through the return port 16p and the compression-discharge chamber. It is discharged outside 25b. The discharged refrigerant is returned to the suction path 14 through the return path 16. Therefore, the pressure in the compression-discharge chamber 25b does not increase.
- the compression-discharge chamber 25b is isolated from the return path 16, and the refrigerant starts to be compressed in the compression-discharge chamber 25b. That is, the suction volume of the compression mechanism 3 is “V / 2”.
- the compression stroke continues until the pressure in the compression-discharge chamber 25b reaches the pressure in the internal space 28 of the sealed container 1. After the pressure in the compression-discharge chamber 25b reaches the pressure in the internal space 28, the discharge stroke is performed until the rotation angle of the shaft 4 reaches 360 degrees (0 degrees). As shown in the lower left diagram and the upper left diagram in FIG. 3, when the shaft 4 makes one rotation, the volume of the compression-discharge chamber 25b becomes zero.
- the suction volume of the compression mechanism 3 is “V”, and the compression stroke starts immediately after the suction stroke is completed.
- the portion of the return path 16 from the return port 16p to the on-off valve 32, that is, the upstream portion 16h of the return path 16 has a relatively high pressure. This is because when the on-off valve 32 is closed, the refrigerant compressed to the intermediate pressure is gradually accumulated in the upstream portion 16h.
- the check valve 35 prevents the refrigerant from flowing back from the feedback path 16 to the compression-discharge chamber 25b. That is, since the check valve 35 is provided on the working chamber 25 side when viewed from the on-off valve 32, the return path 16 can be prevented from becoming a dead volume. In this embodiment, since the check valve 35 is provided in the upstream portion 16h formed inside the cylinder 5, the dead volume due to the return path 16 is substantially zero.
- variable volume mechanism 30 open / close valve 32
- inverter 42 inverter 42
- step S1 the number of rotations of the motor 2 is adjusted according to the requested capacity. Specifically, the rotation speed of the motor 2 is adjusted so that a necessary refrigerant flow rate is obtained.
- step S2 and step S6 it is determined whether the rotational speed of the motor 2 has been reduced or increased. If the process of reducing the rotational speed is being performed in step S1, the process proceeds to step S3 to determine whether the current rotational speed is 30 Hz or less. If the current rotational speed is 30 Hz or less, it is determined in step S4 whether the on-off valve 32 is closed.
- step S5 a process of opening the on-off valve 32 and a process of increasing the rotational speed of the motor 2 to twice the current rotational speed are executed.
- the order of the processes in step S5 is not particularly limited, but the rotational speed of the motor 2 can be increased almost simultaneously with opening the on-off valve 32.
- step S1 when the process of increasing the rotational speed is performed in step S1, the process proceeds to step S7, and it is determined whether or not the current rotational speed is 70 Hz or more. If the current rotational speed is 70 Hz or higher, it is determined in step S8 whether the on-off valve 32 is open. If the on-off valve 32 is open, a process of closing the on-off valve 32 and a process of reducing the rotational speed of the motor 2 to 1/2 the current rotational speed are executed in step S9.
- the order of the processes in step S9 is not particularly limited, but the rotational speed of the motor 2 can be reduced almost simultaneously with closing the on-off valve 32.
- the relationship between the state of the on-off valve 32 and the rotation speed of the motor 2 has a hysteresis as shown in FIG. According to such control, hunting of the compression mechanism 3 can be prevented.
- the suction volume of the compression mechanism 3 in the high volume mode in which the on-off valve 32 is closed, that is, the refrigerant is prohibited from returning from the working chamber 25 to the suction path 14 through the return path 16 is “V”.
- the control unit 44 performs processing related to the opening / closing valve 32 and the motor for reducing the suction volume. 2 for increasing the number of revolutions of 2.
- the process related to the on-off valve 32 for reducing the suction volume is a process of opening the on-off valve 32.
- the process related to the inverter 42 for increasing the rotation speed of the motor 2 is a process of setting the target rotation speed of the motor 2 to twice the most recent rotation speed.
- control unit 44 controls the on-off valve 32 and the inverter 42 so as to compensate for the increase in the suction volume by the decrease in the rotation speed of the motor 2.
- the suction volume of the compression mechanism 3 in the low volume mode in which the on-off valve 32 is opened, that is, the refrigerant is allowed to return from the working chamber 25 to the suction path 14 through the return path 16 is “V / 2”.
- the control unit 44 performs processing related to the on-off valve 32 for increasing the suction volume and the rotation speed of the motor 2. And the process of the inverter 42 for lowering.
- the process related to the on-off valve 32 for increasing the suction volume is a process of closing the on-off valve 32.
- the process related to the inverter 42 for reducing the rotational speed of the motor 2 is a process of setting the target rotational speed of the motor 2 to 1 ⁇ 2 times the latest rotational speed.
- first rotation speed ⁇ (fourth rotation speed), (third rotation speed) ⁇ (second rotation speed)
- first rotational speed a rotational speed of 30 Hz or less
- the lower limit of the first rotation speed is not particularly limited, but is 20 Hz, for example.
- the rotation speed of the motor 2 can be adjusted according to the ratio (VL / VH) of the suction volume VL in the low volume mode to the suction volume VH in the high volume mode.
- the rotation speed (target rotation speed) of the motor 2 is set to a rotation speed obtained by dividing the rotation speed of the motor 2 immediately before the mode switching by the ratio (VL / VH).
- the rotation speed of the motor 2 is set to a rotation speed obtained by multiplying the rotation speed of the motor 2 immediately before the mode switching by a ratio (VL / VH). In this way, the operation mode can be smoothly switched between the high volume mode and the low volume mode.
- the rotary compressor 100 may be stopped with the on-off valve 32 opened.
- the on-off valve 32 a normally open valve can be used.
- the check valve 35 may be a known reed valve including a reed made of a thin metal plate and a stopper.
- the control unit 44 may be configured to execute processing related to the inverter 42 for increasing the power. That is, the control unit 44 may be configured to determine whether or not mode switching is necessary before actually reducing the rotational speed of the motor 2 to the first rotational speed.
- the processing related to the opening / closing valve 32 for increasing the suction volume and the motor 2 may be configured to execute processing related to the inverter 42 for reducing the rotational speed. That is, the controller 44 may be configured to determine whether or not mode switching is necessary before actually increasing the rotation speed of the motor 2 to the second rotation speed. An example of such control will be described with reference to FIG. 5B.
- step S11 the required number of rotations of the motor 2 is calculated in step S11.
- “Necessary rotational speed” means, for example, the rotational speed for obtaining a necessary refrigerant flow rate.
- step S12 it is determined whether the necessary rotation speed is equal to or lower than the first rotation speed (for example, 30 Hz). If the necessary rotation speed is equal to or lower than the first rotation speed, it is determined in step S13 whether the on-off valve 32 is closed. When the on-off valve 32 is closed, in step S15, the on-off valve 32 is opened, and the rotation speed of the motor 2 is adjusted to a rotation speed at which a necessary refrigerant flow rate can be obtained. If the on-off valve 32 is open, only the rotation speed of the motor 2 is adjusted in step S14.
- step S16 determines whether the required rotational speed is greater than or equal to the second rotational speed (for example, 70 Hz). If the required rotation speed is equal to or higher than the second rotation speed, it is determined in step S17 whether the on-off valve 32 is open. If the on-off valve 32 is open, in step S18, the on-off valve 32 is closed and the rotational speed of the motor 2 is adjusted to a rotational speed at which a necessary refrigerant flow rate can be obtained. If the on-off valve 32 is closed, only the rotation speed of the motor 2 is adjusted in step S19.
- the second rotational speed for example, 70 Hz.
- the rotary compressor 100 By performing the control described with reference to FIG. 5A or 5B, the rotary compressor 100 exhibits high efficiency even when low capacity is required (when the load is small), as shown by the solid line in FIG. Yes.
- the rated capacity of the rotary compressor 100 is “100%”.
- the efficiency of the rotary compressor 100 decreases with a decrease in the capacity to be exhibited, that is, with a decrease in the rotational speed of the motor 2, based on the rated capacity.
- the reduction in efficiency becomes significant.
- the operation when a relatively low capacity is required, the operation is performed in the low volume mode with the suction volume V / 2. Thereby, the motor 2 can be driven at a rotational speed as close to the rated rotational speed as possible. Therefore, the rotary compressor 100 can exhibit excellent efficiency even when the required capacity is 50% or less of the rated capacity.
- the flow rate of the refrigerant in the suction path 14 changes in proportion to the rate of change of the volume of the suction chamber 25a (see FIG. 4A). Specifically, the flow rate of the refrigerant in the suction path 14 theoretically shows a sinusoidal profile with respect to the rotation angle of the shaft 4.
- the refrigerant in the compression-discharge chamber 25b is discharged to the return path 16 through the return port 16p when the rotation angle of the shaft 4 is 0 to 180 degrees.
- the amount of refrigerant discharged from the compression-discharge chamber 25b to the return path 16 is equal to the amount of decrease in the volume of the compression-discharge chamber 25b during the period of 0 to 180 degrees.
- the flow rate of the refrigerant in the return path 16 is proportional to the rate of change of the volume of the compression-discharge chamber 25b (see FIG. 4B) only during the period in which the rotation angle of the shaft 4 is 0 to 180 degrees. Change. Specifically, the flow velocity of the refrigerant in the return path 16 theoretically shows a sinusoidal profile in the period of 0 to 180 degrees and becomes zero in the period of 180 to 360 degrees.
- the refrigerant flowing into the accumulator 12 can only travel to the suction path 14. Therefore, the flow rate of the refrigerant in the introduction pipe 12b of the accumulator 12 substantially matches the difference between the flow rate of the refrigerant in the suction path 14 and the flow rate of the refrigerant in the return path 16.
- the flow rate of the refrigerant in the introduction pipe 12b theoretically shows a sinusoidal profile in the period of 180 to 360 degrees and becomes zero in the period of 0 to 180 degrees. .
- the refrigerant flow in the return path 16 rapidly decreases from the maximum flow velocity v to zero.
- the refrigerant flow in the introduction pipe 12b increases rapidly from zero to the maximum flow velocity v.
- the pressure wave transmitted to the suction path 14 may reduce the volumetric efficiency of the suction chamber 25a, which may reduce the efficiency of the rotary compressor 100.
- the return path 16 is connected to the suction path 14 via the internal space of the accumulator 12. According to this configuration, since the occurrence of water hammer can be prevented, the reduction of vibration, noise and efficiency can be effectively suppressed.
- the rotary compressor 200 of the present embodiment includes a second compression mechanism 33 in addition to the compression mechanism 3 described in the first embodiment.
- the elements of the compression mechanism 3 described in the first embodiment are marked with “first”.
- the cylinder 5 is denoted as the first cylinder 5, the piston 8 as the first piston 8, the vane 9 as the first vane 9, the working chamber 25 as the first working chamber 25, and the compression mechanism 3 as the first compression mechanism 3.
- the same components as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
- the second compression mechanism 33 includes a second cylinder 55, a second piston 58, a second vane 59, and a second spring 60.
- the second cylinder 55 is arranged concentrically with the first cylinder 5.
- the second cylinder 55 is fitted into the second eccentric portion 4b of the shaft 4 so that a second working chamber 75 is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the second cylinder 55 and the inner peripheral surface of the second cylinder 55.
- a second piston 58 is arranged.
- a second vane groove 64 is formed in the second cylinder 55.
- the second vane groove 64 houses a second vane 59 having a tip that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the second piston 58.
- the second spring 60 is disposed in the second vane groove 64 so as to push the second vane 59 toward the second piston 58.
- the second working chamber 75 between the second cylinder 55 and the second piston 58 is partitioned by the second vane 59, whereby a second suction chamber 75a and a second compression-discharge chamber 75b are formed.
- the refrigerant to be compressed is guided to the second working chamber 75 (second suction chamber 75a) through the second suction path 15 and the second suction port 77.
- a second discharge port 79 is formed in the upper bearing 6 so that the compressed refrigerant is guided from the second working chamber 75 (second compression-discharge chamber 75b) to the internal space 28 of the sealed container 1.
- the second discharge port 79 is provided with a discharge valve (not shown). *
- the lower bearing 7 is covered with a muffler 23 having an internal space that can receive the refrigerant compressed by the first compression mechanism 3.
- the first discharge port 29 of the first compression mechanism 3 is formed in the lower bearing 7.
- the lower bearing 7, the first cylinder 5, the intermediate plate 53, the second cylinder 55, and the upper A flow path 26 penetrating the bearing 6 is formed.
- the protruding direction of the first eccentric part 4a is shifted by 180 degrees from the protruding direction of the second eccentric part 4b. That is, the phase of the first piston 8 is shifted by 180 degrees between the phase of the second piston 58 and the rotation angle of the shaft 4.
- the refrigerant is supplied to the first compression mechanism 3 through the first suction path 14.
- the refrigerant is supplied to the second compression mechanism 33 through the second suction path 15.
- the refrigerant is compressed by the first compression mechanism 3 or the second compression mechanism 33 and discharged into the internal space 28 of the sealed container 1.
- the first suction path 14 and the second suction path 15 are each connected to the accumulator 12. Note that one of the suction paths 14 and 15 may be branched from the other inside or outside the accumulator 12.
- the suction volume of the second compression mechanism 33 is always constant.
- the return path 16 is connected only to the first compression mechanism 3 so that only the suction volume of the first compression mechanism 3 can be changed.
- the return path 16 may be connected to each of the compression mechanisms 3 and 33 so that the suction volumes of the compression mechanisms 3 and 33 can be changed.
- the first compression mechanism 3 is disposed on the side far from the motor 2, and the second compression mechanism 33 is disposed on the side close to the motor 2. That is, the motor 2, the second compression mechanism 33, and the first compression mechanism 3 are arranged in this order along the axial direction of the shaft 4. Since the second compression mechanism 33 has a constant suction volume, a large load torque is required even in the low volume mode. Therefore, when the second compression mechanism 33 is disposed on the side closer to the motor 2, the load applied to the shaft 4 in the low volume mode is reduced, and thereby the loss in the bearings 6 and 7 can be reduced.
- the first compression mechanism 3 having a small suction volume in the low volume mode when disposed on the lower side, the pressure loss caused by the compressed refrigerant flowing into the internal space 28 of the sealed container 1 through the muffler 23. Can be reduced.
- the positional relationship between the first compression mechanism 3 and the second compression mechanism 33 is not limited to the above relationship.
- V or “V / 2” can be selected as the suction volume of the first compression mechanism 3.
- suction volume of the second compression mechanism 33 is “V”
- 2 V or “1.5 V” can be selected as the sum of the suction volumes of the compression mechanisms 3 and 33.
- the suction volume of the first compression mechanism 3 can be made substantially zero.
- the return port 16 p may be formed at a position close to the first discharge port 29. According to this configuration, in the low volume mode, substantially all of the refrigerant sucked into the first suction chamber 25a is returned to the accumulator 12 through the return path 16 without being compressed. That is, the function of the first compression mechanism 3 can be canceled.
- the total suction volume of the compression mechanisms 3 and 33 in the low volume mode is equal to the suction volume V of the second compression mechanism 33.
- the suction volume of the first compression mechanism 3 substantially zero does not necessarily mean that the suction volume of the first compression mechanism 3 is completely zero.
- the suction volume in the high volume mode is V
- the suction volume in the low volume mode is less than ⁇ 1- (1/2) 1/2 ⁇ V / 2, preferably less than V / 10.
- the position of the return port 16p can be determined. According to this configuration, it can be said that the first compression mechanism 3 does not perform compression work on the refrigerant in the low volume mode, and the function is lost.
- the rotary compressor 300 of the present embodiment is obtained by omitting the check valve 35 from the rotary compressor 100 of the first embodiment.
- the variable volume mechanism 30 includes an on-off valve 32 and a check valve 35.
- the check valve 35 contributes to the reduction of the dead volume, but is not directly involved in the change of the suction volume. Therefore, even if the variable volume mechanism 30 is configured only by the on-off valve 32 as in the present embodiment, the suction volume of the compression mechanism 3 can be changed.
- the rotary compressor 400 of the present embodiment includes a valve 80 (electromagnetic valve 80) that can directly open and close the feedback port 16 p as the variable volume mechanism 30.
- a valve 80 electromagnettic valve 80
- Other configurations are as described in the first embodiment.
- the electromagnetic valve 80 includes a plunger 81, a coil 83, and a housing 85.
- the housing 85 has an internal flow path 85 h as an upstream portion of the return path 16 and a return port 16 p that opens toward the working chamber 25.
- the plunger 81 is accommodated in the housing 85 so as to advance and retract along the internal flow path 85h.
- the coil 83 When the coil 83 is energized, the plunger 81 moves away from the shaft 4 and the return port 16p is opened. Thereby, the refrigerant can return from the working chamber 25 to the suction path 14 through the return path 16.
- the plunger 81 is pushed out in the direction approaching the shaft 4, and the return port 16 p is closed at the tip of the plunger 81.
- the coil 83 In the low volume mode, the coil 83 is energized to open the return port 16p. In the high volume mode, energization of the coil 83 is stopped and the return port 16p is closed. Since the return port 16p is directly opened and closed by the plunger 81, the dead volume when the return port 16p is closed is substantially zero. That is, according to the electromagnetic valve 80 of the present embodiment, not only switching between the high volume mode and the low volume mode but also preventing the intermediate-pressure refrigerant from flowing back and re-expanding into the suction chamber 25a in the high volume mode can be prevented.
- the refrigerant to be compressed can be supplied from both the suction port 27 and the return port 16p to the suction chamber 25a. This is preferable from the viewpoint of reducing the pressure loss in the suction stroke. This effect is also obtained in the third and fifth embodiments.
- the solenoid 83 may be controlled so that the feedback port 16p opens and closes in synchronization with the rotation of the shaft 4. That is, by adjusting the opening / closing timing of the return port 16p, the suction volume of the compression mechanism 3 can be changed in multiple stages or continuously.
- the coil 83 is energized so that the refrigerant can flow into the return path 16 during a period in which the rotation angle of the shaft 4 is 0 to 90 degrees. During the period in which the rotation angle of the shaft 4 is 90 to 360 degrees, energization of the coil 83 is stopped. In this way, the rotary compressor 400 can be operated in the medium volume mode in addition to the high volume mode and the low volume mode described above.
- the rotary compressor 500 of this embodiment has a variable volume mechanism 30 having a structure different from that of the rotary compressor 100 of the first embodiment.
- Other configurations are as described in the first embodiment.
- the rotary compressor 500 includes a three-way valve 90, a volume control valve 91, and a high-pressure path 92 as the variable volume mechanism 30.
- the return path 16 has an upstream portion 16 h formed inside the compression mechanism 3 (specifically, inside the cylinder 5) and a return port 16 p that opens toward the working chamber 25.
- a volume control valve 91 is disposed in the upstream portion 16h so that the return port 16p can be opened and closed.
- the high pressure path 92 has one end connected to the three-way valve 90 and the other end connected to the oil reservoir 22.
- the high-pressure path 92 is a path for supplying the volume control valve 91 with a pressure equal to the pressure of the compressed refrigerant.
- the rotary compressor 500 of the present embodiment is a so-called high pressure shell type compressor in which the internal space 28 of the sealed container 1 is filled with a compressed refrigerant.
- the oil reservoir 22 holds oil having a pressure substantially equal to the pressure of the compressed refrigerant.
- the three-way valve 90 is configured to connect either the suction path 14 or the high-pressure path 92 to the upstream portion 16 h of the return path 16. By controlling the three-way valve 90, the rotary compressor 500 can be operated in either the high volume mode or the low volume mode.
- the volume control valve 91 includes a plunger 96 and a spring 97.
- the plunger 96 has a cylindrical shape having a bottom surface facing the return port 16p, and is arranged so as to be slidable into the cylindrical upstream portion 16h.
- the spring 97 is coupled to the inside of the plunger 96, and applies a force in a direction away from the return port 16p to the plunger 96.
- a groove 16 g is formed along the outer peripheral surface of the plunger 96 in the upstream portion 16 h of the return path 16. The groove 16g extends along the sliding direction of the plunger 96 and has a dimension longer than the length of the plunger 96 in the sliding direction.
- the three-way valve 90 in the low volume mode, is controlled so that the suction path 14 communicates with the upstream portion 16h of the return path 16. Then, the plunger 96 is separated from the return port 16p, and the refrigerant can flow from the working chamber 25 to the return path 16 through the return port 16p and the groove 16g. That is, when the suction path 14 is connected to the upstream portion 16 h of the return path 16 by the three-way valve 90, the volume control valve 91 is opened to allow the refrigerant to flow from the working chamber 25 to the suction path 14.
- the three-way valve 90 is controlled so that the high pressure path 92 communicates with the upstream portion 16h of the return path 16. Then, the pressure of the oil in the oil reservoir 22 acts on the back surface of the plunger 96, the plunger 96 is pressed against the return port 16 p with a force larger than the force of the spring 97, and the refrigerant flows from the working chamber 25 to the return path 16. It becomes a state that can not be. That is, when the high-pressure path 92 is connected to the upstream portion 16 h of the return path 16 by the three-way valve 90, the volume control valve 91 is closed and the refrigerant flow from the working chamber 25 to the suction path 14 is prohibited.
- the check valve 35 when the check valve 35 is employed, the check valve 35 opens and closes in synchronization with the rotation of the shaft 4.
- the volume control valve 91 employed in the present embodiment is always open or always closed. Therefore, it is advantageous for reducing vibration, noise and pressure loss. Also in this embodiment, since the volume control valve 91 is configured to directly open and close the feedback port 16p, the problem of dead volume can be solved.
- the high-pressure path 92 has one end connected (opened) to the oil reservoir 22.
- one end of the high pressure path 92 may be connected to any part of the internal space 28 of the sealed container 1.
- the high pressure path 92 may be connected to a high pressure portion of the refrigerant circuit (for example, a portion between the rotary compressor 500 and the radiator).
- the volume control valve 91 is closed by applying a high pressure to the plunger 96, an oil sealing effect can be obtained. This is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing a decrease in efficiency due to refrigerant leakage.
- the present embodiment it is possible to prevent liquid refrigerant from accumulating in the upstream portion 16h of the return path 16 and insufficient refrigerant amount. Even if the upstream portion 16h of the return path 16 is filled with oil, the volume change of the oil with respect to the temperature change is small. Therefore, even if the rotary compressor 500 is stopped in a state where the oil is confined in the upstream portion 16h of the return path 16, no malfunction occurs. Of course, the rotary compressor 500 may be stopped in a state where the suction path 14 communicates with the upstream portion 16 h of the return path 16.
- the scroll compressor 600 of this embodiment includes a scroll compression mechanism 603.
- the compression mechanism 603 includes an orbiting scroll 607, a fixed scroll 608, an Oldham ring 611, a bearing member 610, and a muffler 616.
- the orbiting scroll 607 and the fixed scroll 608 have spiral wraps 627 and 628, respectively.
- a crescent-shaped working chamber 612 is formed between the wrap 627 and the wrap 628.
- the orbiting scroll 607 is fitted to the eccentric shaft 4 a of the shaft 4, and its rotation motion is prohibited by the Oldham ring 611.
- a discharge port 638 is formed at the center of the fixed scroll 608.
- a passage 617 is formed in the fixed scroll 608 and the bearing member 610 so as to penetrate therethrough.
- the orbiting scroll 607 When the shaft 4 rotates, the orbiting scroll 607 performs the orbiting motion while the lap 627 is engaged with the lap 628.
- the working chamber 612 reduces its volume while moving from the outside to the inside.
- the refrigerant sucked from the suction passage 14 is compressed.
- the compressed refrigerant is discharged to the internal space 28 of the sealed container 1 through the discharge port 638, the internal space 619 of the muffler 616, and the flow path 617 in this order. Thereafter, the refrigerant discharged into the internal space 28 is guided to the outside of the compressor 600 through the discharge path 11.
- the scroll compressor 600 has the variable volume mechanism 30 described in the first embodiment.
- the upstream portion 16 h of the return path 16 is formed inside the compression mechanism 603, specifically, inside the fixed scroll 608.
- the fixed scroll 608 is also provided with a return port 16p so that the working chamber 612 can communicate with the return path 16.
- the check valve 35 is attached to the fixed scroll 608 so that the return port 16p can be opened and closed. Similar to the rotary compressor 100, the ratio of the suction volume in the low volume mode to the suction volume in the high volume mode changes according to the position of the return port 16p.
- variable volume mechanism 30 The configuration and operation of the variable volume mechanism 30 are as described in the first embodiment.
- the control when switching between the high volume mode and the low volume mode is also as described in the first embodiment. Therefore, according to the scroll compressor 600, the same effect as the rotary compressor 100 is acquired.
- no accumulator is provided, and the return path 16 is directly connected to the suction path 14 near the compression mechanism 603.
- an accumulator may be provided as in some previous embodiments.
- the scroll compressor 700 of this embodiment includes the variable volume mechanism 30 including the three-way valve 90, the volume control valve 91, and the high pressure path 92, that is, the variable volume mechanism 30 described in the fifth embodiment.
- the upstream portion 16 h and the return port 16 p of the return path 16 are formed in the fixed scroll 608.
- the volume control valve 91 is attached to the fixed scroll 608 so that the return port 16p can be opened and closed.
- the configuration and operation of the variable volume mechanism 30 are as described in the fifth embodiment.
- the control when switching between the high volume mode and the low volume mode is also as described in the fifth embodiment. Therefore, according to the scroll compressor 700, the same effect as the rotary compressor 500 is acquired.
- a refrigeration cycle apparatus 800 can be constructed using a rotary compressor 100.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 800 includes a rotary compressor 100, a radiator 802, an expansion mechanism 804, and an evaporator 806. These devices are connected in the above order by refrigerant pipes so as to form a refrigerant circuit.
- the radiator 802 is constituted by, for example, an air-refrigerant heat exchanger, and cools the refrigerant compressed by the rotary compressor 100.
- the expansion mechanism 804 is composed of an expansion valve, for example, and expands the refrigerant cooled by the radiator 802.
- the evaporator 806 is composed of, for example, an air-refrigerant heat exchanger, and heats the refrigerant expanded by the expansion mechanism 804.
- the compressors 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 or 700 of the second to fifth embodiments may be used.
- variable volume mechanism 30 can be controlled to allow the refrigerant to return from the working chamber 25 to the suction path 14 through the return path 16. That is, the rotary compressor 100 is temporarily operated in the low volume mode at the time of startup.
- This invention is useful for the compressor of the refrigerating-cycle apparatus which can be utilized for a water heater, a warm water heating apparatus, an air conditioning apparatus etc.
- the present invention is particularly useful for a compressor of an air conditioner that requires a wide range of capabilities.
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Abstract
Description
作動室を有する圧縮機構と、
前記圧縮機構を動かすモータと、
圧縮するべき作動流体を前記作動室に導く吸入経路と、
前記作動室から前記吸入経路へと作動流体を戻す帰還経路と、
前記帰還経路に設けられ、前記圧縮機構の吸入容積を相対的に小さくすべきときには前記帰還経路を通じて前記作動室から前記吸入経路へと作動流体が戻ることを許容し、前記吸入容積を相対的に大きくすべきときには前記帰還経路を通じて前記作動室から前記吸入経路へと作動流体が戻ることを禁止する可変容積機構と、
前記モータを駆動するインバータと、
前記吸入容積の減少を前記モータの回転数の増加で補償するように前記可変容積機構及び前記インバータを制御する制御部と、
を備えた、容積型圧縮機を提供する。
図1に示すように、本実施形態のロータリ圧縮機100は、圧縮機本体40、アキュームレータ12、吐出経路11、吸入経路14、帰還経路16、可変容積機構30、インバータ42及び制御部44を備えている。
図9に示すように、本実施形態のロータリ圧縮機200は、第1実施形態で説明した圧縮機構3に加えて、第2圧縮機構33を備えている。以下、第1実施形態で説明した圧縮機構3の要素に「第1」を付して標記する。例えば、シリンダ5を第1シリンダ5、ピストン8を第1ピストン8、ベーン9を第1ベーン9、作動室25を第1作動室25、圧縮機構3を第1圧縮機構3と標記する。以下において、先に説明した構成要素と同一の構成要素には同一の参照符号を付し、その説明を省略する。
図12に示すように、本実施形態のロータリ圧縮機300は、第1実施形態のロータリ圧縮機100から逆止弁35を省略したものである。第1及び第2実施形態では、可変容積機構30が開閉弁32及び逆止弁35で構成されている。逆止弁35はデッドボリュームの低減に貢献するが、吸入容積の変更に直接関与していない。従って、本実施形態のように、可変容積機構30が開閉弁32だけで構成されていたとしても、圧縮機構3の吸入容積を変更することができる。
図13に示すように、本実施形態のロータリ圧縮機400は、可変容積機構30として、帰還ポート16pを直接開閉できる弁80(電磁弁80)を備えている。その他の構成は、第1実施形態の説明した通りである。
図14に示すように、本実施形態のロータリ圧縮機500は、第1実施形態のロータリ圧縮機100のものと異なる構造の可変容積機構30を有している。その他の構成は、第1実施形態で説明した通りである。
図16に示すように、本実施形態のスクロール圧縮機600は、スクロール圧縮機構603を備えている。圧縮機構603は、旋回スクロール607、固定スクロール608、オルダムリング611、軸受部材610及びマフラ616を備えている。旋回スクロール607及び固定スクロール608は、それぞれ、渦巻き形状のラップ627及び628を有する。ラップ627とラップ628との間には、三日月形状の作動室612が形成されている。旋回スクロール607は、シャフト4の偏心軸4aに嵌合されているとともに、オルダムリング611によってその自転運動が禁止されている。固定スクロール608の中央部には、吐出ポート638が形成されている。固定スクロール608及び軸受部材610には、これらを貫通するように流路617が形成されている。
図17に示すように、本実施形態のスクロール圧縮機700は、三方弁90、容積制御弁91及び高圧経路92を含む可変容積機構30、すなわち、第5実施形態で説明した可変容積機構30を有している。第6実施形態で説明したように、帰還経路16の上流部分16h及び帰還ポート16pは、固定スクロール608に形成されている。容積制御弁91は、帰還ポート16pを開閉できるように固定スクロール608に取り付けられている。スクロール圧縮機700において、可変容積機構30の構成及び動作は、第5実施形態で説明した通りである。高容積モードと低容積モードとを相互に切り替えるときの制御についても、第5実施形態で説明した通りである。従って、スクロール圧縮機700によれば、ロータリ圧縮機500と同じ効果が得られる。
図18に示すように、ロータリ圧縮機100を使用して冷凍サイクル装置800を構築できる。冷凍サイクル装置800は、ロータリ圧縮機100、放熱器802、膨張機構804及び蒸発器806を備えている。これらの機器は、冷媒回路を形成するように冷媒管によって上記の順番で接続されている。放熱器802は、例えば空気-冷媒熱交換器で構成されており、ロータリ圧縮機100で圧縮された冷媒を冷却する。膨張機構804は、例えば膨張弁で構成されており、放熱器802で冷却された冷媒を膨張させる。蒸発器806は、例えば空気-冷媒熱交換器で構成されており、膨張機構804で膨張した冷媒を加熱する。第1実施形態のロータリ圧縮機100に代えて、第2~第5実施形態の圧縮機200,300,400,500,600又は700を使用してもよい。
本明細書で説明したいくつかの実施形態は、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内で相互に組み合わせることができる。例えば、第1実施形態で説明した逆止弁35を第5実施形態で説明した三方弁90と組み合わせても、第1実施形態で説明した効果が得られる。
Claims (14)
- 作動室を有する圧縮機構と、
前記圧縮機構を動かすモータと、
圧縮するべき作動流体を前記作動室に導く吸入経路と、
前記作動室から前記吸入経路へと作動流体を戻す帰還経路と、
前記帰還経路に設けられ、前記圧縮機構の吸入容積を相対的に小さくすべきときには前記帰還経路を通じて前記作動室から前記吸入経路へと作動流体が戻ることを許容し、前記吸入容積を相対的に大きくすべきときには前記帰還経路を通じて前記作動室から前記吸入経路へと作動流体が戻ることを禁止する可変容積機構と、
前記モータを駆動するインバータと、
前記吸入容積の減少を前記モータの回転数の増加で補償するように前記可変容積機構及び前記インバータを制御する制御部と、
を備えた、容積型圧縮機。 - 前記帰還経路を通じて前記作動室から前記吸入経路へと作動流体が戻ることを禁止した高容積モードで運転中に前記モータの回転数が第1回転数以下に低下した場合、又は前記高容積モードで前記モータの回転数を前記第1回転数まで下げたとしても作動流体の流量が過剰である場合に、前記制御部は、前記吸入容積を減らすための前記可変容積機構に関する処理と前記モータの回転数を上げるための前記インバータに関する処理とを実行する、請求項1に記載の容積型圧縮機。
- 前記制御部は、前記吸入容積の増加を前記モータの回転数の減少で補償するように前記可変容積機構及び前記インバータを制御する、請求項1に記載の容積型圧縮機。
- 前記帰還経路を通じて前記作動室から前記吸入経路へと作動流体が戻ることを許容した低容積モードで運転中に前記モータの回転数が第2回転数以上に上昇した場合、又は前記低容積モードで前記モータの回転数を前記第2回転数まで上げたとしても作動流体の流量が足りない場合に、前記制御部は、前記吸入容積を増やすための前記可変容積機構に関する処理と前記モータの回転数を下げるための前記インバータに関する処理とを実行する、請求項3に記載の容積型圧縮機。
- 前記帰還経路を通じて前記作動室から前記吸入経路へと作動流体が戻ることを禁止した高容積モードで運転中に前記モータの回転数が第1回転数以下に低下した場合、又は前記高容積モードで前記モータの回転数を前記第1回転数まで下げたとしても作動流体の流量が過剰である場合に、前記制御部は、前記吸入容積を減らすための前記可変容積機構に関する処理と前記モータの回転数を上げるための前記インバータに関する処理とを実行し、
前記帰還経路を通じて前記作動室から前記吸入経路へと作動流体が戻ることを許容した低容積モードで運転中に前記モータの回転数が第2回転数以上に上昇した場合、又は前記低容積モードで前記モータの回転数を前記第2回転数まで上げたとしても作動流体の流量が足りない場合に、前記制御部は、前記吸入容積を増やすための前記可変容積機構に関する処理と前記モータの回転数を下げるための前記インバータに関する処理とを実行する、請求項3に記載の容積型圧縮機。 - 前記第1回転数が30Hz以下の回転数に設定されている、請求項2又は5に記載の容積型圧縮機。
- 作動流体を保持できる内部空間を有し、前記吸入経路及び前記帰還経路が接続されたアキュームレータをさらに備え、
前記アキュームレータの前記内部空間を介して、前記帰還経路が前記吸入経路に接続されている、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の容積型圧縮機。 - 前記制御部は、当該容積型圧縮機の起動時において、前記帰還経路を通じて前記作動室から前記吸入経路へと作動流体が戻ることを許容するように前記可変容積機構を制御する、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の容積型圧縮機。
- 前記可変容積機構が、前記帰還経路に設けられた開閉弁を含む、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の容積型圧縮機。
- 前記帰還経路が、前記圧縮機構の内部に形成された上流部分を含み、
前記可変容積機構が、前記上流部分に設けられた逆止弁をさらに含み、
前記逆止弁によって、前記帰還経路から前記作動室への作動流体の流れが阻止されている、請求項9に記載の容積型圧縮機。 - 前記帰還経路が、前記圧縮機構の内部に形成された上流部分を含み、
前記可変容積機構が、三方弁と、前記上流部分に設けられた容積制御弁と、圧縮された作動流体の圧力に等しい圧力を前記容積制御弁に供給する高圧経路と、を含み、
前記三方弁は、前記吸入経路及び前記高圧経路のいずれかを前記帰還経路の前記上流部分に接続するように構成されている、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の容積型圧縮機。 - 前記容積制御弁がプランジャ及びバネを含み、
前記三方弁によって前記高圧経路が前記帰還経路の前記上流部分に接続されているときに前記容積制御弁が閉じて前記作動室から前記吸入経路への作動流体の流れが禁止され、
前記三方弁によって前記吸入経路が前記帰還経路の前記上流部分に接続されているときに前記容積制御弁が開いて前記作動室から前記吸入経路への作動流体の流れが許容される、請求項11に記載の容積型圧縮機。 - 前記圧縮機構は、シリンダと、自身の外周面と前記シリンダの内周面との間に前記作動室が形成されるように前記シリンダの内部に配置されたピストンと、前記作動室を吸入室と圧縮-吐出室とに仕切るベーンとを有するロータリ圧縮機構であり、
前記シリンダを第1シリンダ、前記ピストンを第1ピストン、前記ベーンを第1ベーン、前記作動室を第1作動室、前記圧縮機構を第1圧縮機構と定義したとき、
当該容積型圧縮機は、第2シリンダ、第2ピストン及び第2ベーンを有し、かつ前記第1圧縮機構と共通の前記モータによって前記第2ピストンが動かされる第2圧縮機構をさらに備え、
前記第2圧縮機構の吸入容積が一定であり、
前記第1圧縮機構の前記吸入容積のみを変更できるように、前記帰還経路が前記第1圧縮機構にのみ接続されている、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の容積型圧縮機。 - 前記帰還経路を通じて前記第1作動室から前記吸入経路へと作動流体が戻ることを許容した低容積モードにおいて、前記第1圧縮機構の前記吸入容積が実質的にゼロである、請求項13に記載の容積型圧縮機。
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US13/816,405 US20130136640A1 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2011-09-29 | Positive displacement compressor |
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CN104806522B (zh) * | 2015-05-13 | 2018-05-22 | 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 | 旋转式压缩机及具有其的冷冻装置 |
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KR900003716B1 (ko) * | 1986-09-30 | 1990-05-30 | 미츠비시 덴키 가부시키가이샤 | 다기통 회전식 압축기 |
JP3680619B2 (ja) * | 1999-03-10 | 2005-08-10 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 冷凍装置 |
JP4523548B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-03 | 2010-08-11 | 東芝キヤリア株式会社 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
KR100629872B1 (ko) * | 2004-08-06 | 2006-09-29 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 로터리 압축기의 용량 가변 장치 및 이를 구비한 에어콘의운전 방법 |
KR100747496B1 (ko) * | 2006-11-27 | 2007-08-08 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 로터리 압축기 및 그 제어방법 그리고 이를 이용한공기조화기 |
JP4859694B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-02 | 2012-01-25 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 多段圧縮機 |
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- 2011-09-29 US US13/816,405 patent/US20130136640A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JPS61184365A (ja) | 1985-02-08 | 1986-08-18 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 空気調和機の運転制御装置 |
JPS6321792U (ja) * | 1986-07-28 | 1988-02-13 | ||
JPH02118362A (ja) * | 1988-10-26 | 1990-05-02 | Hitachi Ltd | 容量制御空調機 |
JPH02191882A (ja) * | 1989-01-20 | 1990-07-27 | Hitachi Ltd | 圧縮機の容量制御装置及びその制御方法 |
JPH05172076A (ja) * | 1991-10-23 | 1993-07-09 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 多気筒回転式圧縮機 |
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US20130136640A1 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
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