WO2012042733A1 - 音響再生装置 - Google Patents
音響再生装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012042733A1 WO2012042733A1 PCT/JP2011/004659 JP2011004659W WO2012042733A1 WO 2012042733 A1 WO2012042733 A1 WO 2012042733A1 JP 2011004659 W JP2011004659 W JP 2011004659W WO 2012042733 A1 WO2012042733 A1 WO 2012042733A1
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- speaker
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035559 beat frequency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/323—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only for loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
- H04R1/345—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means for loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
- H04R5/02—Spatial or constructional arrangements of loudspeakers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
- H04R1/026—Supports for loudspeaker casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/06—Arranging circuit leads; Relieving strain on circuit leads
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/02—Details casings, cabinets or mounting therein for transducers covered by H04R1/02 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/025—Transducer mountings or cabinet supports enabling variable orientation of transducer of cabinet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2217/00—Details of magnetostrictive, piezoelectric, or electrostrictive transducers covered by H04R15/00 or H04R17/00 but not provided for in any of their subgroups
- H04R2217/03—Parametric transducers where sound is generated or captured by the acoustic demodulation of amplitude modulated ultrasonic waves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
- H04R2499/10—General applications
- H04R2499/13—Acoustic transducers and sound field adaptation in vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sound reproducing device using a super-directional speaker.
- FIG. 13 is a layout diagram of speakers of a conventional information transmission device. Speakers 107 are installed at the attachment portions of the door mirrors 103 below the front pillars 101 on the left and right sides of the vehicle body. The speaker 107 generates an ultrasonic wave toward the head position of the driver 105.
- the vehicle measures the distance to the obstacle and transmits an alarm sound to the driver 105 according to the distance.
- the left and right speakers 107 individually output ultrasonic waves having different frequencies.
- the left and right speakers 107 are arranged so that the directional axes indicating the traveling directions of the ultrasonic waves radiated toward the driver 105 intersect at the driver's 105 head position.
- the frequencies of the ultrasonic waves output from the left and right speakers 107 are set so that the beat frequency due to the mutual interference between the two frequencies belongs to the audible range. Accordingly, the ultrasonic waves having two different frequencies become audible sounds around the head of the driver 105, and information can be transmitted to the driver 105 as an alarm sound.
- the directional axes of the left and right speakers 107 do not intersect with each other, and no beat is generated by two ultrasonic waves, so that no alarm sound is perceived. In this way, since the warning sound can be given directivity, the warning sound can be transmitted only to the driver 105.
- a speaker 107 that emits ultrasonic waves with sharp directivity is used.
- the warning sound is perceived only by the driver and the other passengers cannot hear the warning sound, so that the other passengers are not bothered.
- the present invention provides a super-directional speaker, which is a speaker having a sharp directivity of emitted sound waves, and has a mechanism for adjusting the angle at which the sound waves are emitted, and the angle can be easily listened to by an information listener. It is a sound reproduction apparatus that can be adjusted to.
- the sound reproducing device of the present invention includes a super-directional speaker having a sound wave emitting surface for emitting ultrasonic waves and a first surface, and an attachment portion having a second surface facing the first surface.
- the first surface has a convex surface.
- the second surface has a concave surface that can contact the convex surface.
- the curvature of the convex surface is made larger than the curvature of the concave surface.
- the circumferential direction rotation and the thickness direction inclination of the superdirective speaker can be moved simultaneously or independently.
- the listener can easily adjust.
- FIG. 1 is a layout diagram showing an example of the installation positions of superdirective speakers of the sound reproducing device in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a directional characteristic diagram of audible sound of the superdirective speaker of the sound reproducing device in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view at the time of angle adjustment of the sound reproducing device in the first embodiment.
- 4A is a partially exploded perspective view of the sound reproduction device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sound reproducing device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4C is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sound reproducing device according to Embodiment 1 when the angle is adjusted.
- FIG. 1 is a layout diagram showing an example of the installation positions of superdirective speakers of the sound reproducing device in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a directional characteristic diagram of audible sound of the superdirective speaker of the sound reproducing device in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective
- FIG. 5 is a partially exploded perspective view of the sound reproducing device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6A is a perspective view at the time of angle adjustment of the sound reproducing device in the second embodiment.
- 6B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sound reproducing device according to Embodiment 2 when the angle is adjusted.
- FIG. 7 is a partially exploded perspective view of the sound reproducing device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view at the time of angle adjustment of the sound reproducing device in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a partially exploded perspective view of the sound reproducing device according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 10A is a partially exploded perspective view of the sound reproducing device in the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 10B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sound reproducing device according to Embodiment 5 when the angle is adjusted.
- FIG. 11 is a partially exploded perspective view of the sound reproducing device according to the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 12A is a partially exploded perspective view of the sound reproducing device in the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 12B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sound reproducing device in the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a layout diagram of speakers of a conventional information transmission apparatus.
- FIG. 1 is a layout diagram showing an example of the installation positions of superdirective speakers of the sound reproduction apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- a handle 13 is attached to a dashboard 11 of a vehicle.
- a meter hood 15 is formed on a part of the dashboard 11.
- a meter 17 is incorporated in the lower portion of the meter hood 15.
- Superdirective speakers 21 a are respectively installed on attachment portions 19 a provided on the left side and the right side of the handle 13 of the dashboard 11.
- the super directional speaker 21a has a characteristic that the sound pressure of the audible sound has a peak at a predetermined distance in the sound axis direction in which the sound wave propagates from the position of the super directional speaker 21a, and uses the ultrasonic wave as a carrier wave.
- the drive control unit electrically controls the driving of the superdirective speaker 21a, and emits sound waves from the superdirective speaker 21a based on a control signal from the vehicle.
- the elastic characteristic of the medium when the amplitude of a sound wave is increased and radiated to a medium such as air or water, the elastic characteristic (volume change with respect to pressure change) of the medium itself becomes non-linear and nonlinear as the sound wave travels through the medium.
- the elastic characteristic of the medium becomes non-linear, the waveform of the sound wave is distorted, and the sound wave has a frequency component other than the original emitted frequency component.
- Superdirective speaker 21a utilizes the above-mentioned medium characteristics.
- the emitted sound wave is affected by the nonlinearity of the elastic characteristics of the air.
- the waveform of the ultrasonic wave that is the carrier wave is distorted and begins to attenuate from the higher frequency ultrasonic component.
- an audible sound component superimposed on the ultrasonic wave at a low frequency is reproduced.
- the sound pressure of the audible sound radiated from a normal speaker with respect to the direction of the sound axis along which the sound wave travels is greatest at the position of the sound wave emitting surface of the speaker and decreases as the distance from the sound emitting surface of the speaker increases.
- the sound pressure of the audible sound radiated from superdirective speaker 21a is very small in the vicinity of the radiation surface of superdirective speaker 21a, but increases as it travels through the air. Therefore, the sound pressure of the audible sound from the superdirective speaker 21a has a characteristic depending on the distance in the sound axis direction having a peak at a predetermined distance from the radiation surface.
- the predetermined distance at which the sound pressure of the audible sound radiated from superdirective speaker 21a reaches a peak is determined by mechanical characteristics of superdirective speaker 21a, electrical characteristics such as a carrier frequency based on the mechanical characteristics, and the like.
- the directivity of the sound wave emitted by the super directional speaker using ultrasonic waves with a higher frequency than the audible sound as the carrier wave is high, and it is affected by the nonlinear characteristics of the elastic characteristics of the air.
- the directivity of the generated audible sound is also increased.
- the sound pressure of the audible sound from the superdirective speaker 21a has characteristics depending on the distance in the direction perpendicular to the sound axis in the direction perpendicular to the sound axis through which the ultrasonic wave propagates, and in the vicinity of the sound axis.
- the sound pressure of is far away from the sound axis, the sound pressure decreases.
- FIG. 2 is a directional characteristic diagram of the audible sound of the superdirective speaker of the sound reproducing device in the first embodiment.
- the vertical axis represents the sound pressure of the audible sound from the super-directional speaker 21a
- the horizontal axis represents the radiation angle of the audible sound from the super-directional speaker 21a.
- the sound pressure at each frequency is within ⁇ 10 degrees from the sound axis. Is as low as about 20 dB.
- the super-directional speaker 21a has excellent directivity.
- the distance from the super-directional speaker 21a to the listener who hears the audible sound of the super-directional speaker 21a is 1 m.
- a deviation of the angle of the sound axis of the ultrasonic wave radiated from the superdirective speaker 21a by 10 degrees is a deviation of about 0.17 m at the position of the listener.
- the sound wave radiation direction of superdirective speaker 21a located at a remote location is accurately determined. Need to adjust.
- This adjustment is not only preset by the vehicle manufacturer, but it is desired that the listener of the acoustic information of the super-directional speaker 21a adjusts the angle according to the listener's own physique and seat position.
- the listener himself / herself adjusts the angle of the sound axis of superdirective speaker 21a, so that the range in which the ultrasonic wave radiated from superdirective speaker 21a becomes an audible sound can be adjusted to the seat position of the listener.
- the sound reproducing device has a mechanism capable of accurately adjusting the radiation direction of sound waves from superdirective speaker 21a. The mechanism and operation will be described below.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view at the time of angle adjustment of the sound reproducing device in the first embodiment.
- 4A is a partially exploded perspective view of the sound reproduction device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sound reproducing device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4C is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sound reproducing device according to Embodiment 1 when the angle is adjusted.
- the sound reproducing device includes a super-directional speaker 21a having a sound wave emitting surface 23 for emitting ultrasonic waves and a side surface 25, and a mounting portion 19a having a wall surface 30 facing the side surface 25.
- the side surface 25 has a convex surface 27a.
- the attachment portion 19 a has a wall surface 30.
- the wall surface 30 has a concave surface 29a that can come into contact with the convex surface 27a.
- superdirective speaker 21a is substantially cylindrical. More specifically, superdirective speaker 21 a substantially has a cylindrical shape having an upper surface (23) and a lower surface 28 and side surfaces 25 connected to upper surface (23) and lower surface 28. In the first embodiment, the upper surface is the sound wave emitting surface 23.
- a central axis 65 is a cylindrical central axis.
- the direction of the central axis 65 is referred to as the thickness direction of the superdirective speaker 21a
- the distance from the sound wave emitting surface 23 to the lower surface 28 in the direction of the cylindrical central axis 65 is referred to as the thickness of the superdirective speaker 21a.
- the super-directional speaker 21 a is arranged so that a part of the upper part of the side surface 25 protrudes from the dashboard 11.
- the super-directional speaker 21a is installed on a mounting portion 19a provided on the dashboard 11 at the lower part in the thickness direction.
- the super-directional speaker 21a has a convex surface 27a on a part of the side surface 25, here, on the entire lower side of the side surface 25 (dashboard 11 side).
- the mounting portion 19a provided on the dashboard 11 has a concave surface 29a that can contact the convex surface 27a on the wall surface 30 on the entire circumference.
- the wall surface 30 includes a concave surface 29a that can contact the convex surface 27a and a surface 30a other than the concave surface 29a.
- the attachment surface 19a supports the superdirective speaker 21a because the concave surface 29a is in contact with the convex surface 27a.
- the entire circumference of the wall surface 30 is a curved surface.
- the spherical surface 60 of the phantom sphere shown in FIG. 4B is a spherical surface of a sphere having a diameter slightly larger than the maximum outer diameter 62 of the superdirective speaker 21a.
- the concave surface 29a is a surface on the wall surface 30 that can be opposed to the convex surface 27a and has the same curvature as that of the spherical surface 60. That is, in FIG. 4B, the surface that coincides with the curvature of the spherical surface 60 of the phantom sphere on the wall surface 30 is the concave surface 29a.
- the surface of the concave surface 29a has a constant curvature.
- the surface 30a other than the concave surface 29a of the wall surface 30 has a larger curvature than the concave surface 29a.
- the curvature of the convex surface 27 a and the curvature of the concave surface 29 a are curvatures in a cross section including the central axis 65. That is, the curvature in the thickness direction of superdirective speaker 21a.
- the convex surface 27a is a surface having a curvature larger than the curvature of the concave surface 29a on the side surface 25 of the superdirective speaker 21a.
- the side surface 25 has a convex surface 27 a over the entire circumference of the side surface 25.
- Superdirective speaker 21a has a maximum outer diameter 62 at a part of convex surface 27a.
- Superdirective speaker 21a is supported by attachment portion 19a by contact of convex surface 27a with maximum outer diameter 62 and concave surface 29a.
- the convex surface 27a can move on the concave surface 29a. Even when the convex surface 27a moves on the concave surface 29a, the convex surface 27a is in contact with a part of the concave surface 29a at the maximum outer diameter 62 of the superdirective speaker 21a. In other words, the concave surface 29a of the wall surface 30 is located on the spherical surface 60 of a virtual sphere having a diameter slightly larger than the maximum outer diameter 62 of the superdirective speaker 21a.
- the thickness of the attachment portion 19a where the concave surface 29a is formed is thicker than the thickness of the super-directional speaker 21a where the convex surface 27a is formed.
- the convex surface 27a and the concave surface 29a have a relationship in which at least the curvature in the thickness direction of the convex surface 27a is larger than the curvature in the thickness direction of the concave surface 29a.
- the concave surface 29a is a surface on the wall surface 30 that can be opposed to the convex surface 27a and has the same curvature as that of the spherical surface 60 of the phantom sphere.
- the surface 30a on the wall surface 30 may not have a constant curvature.
- the curvature of the surface 30a may be larger or smaller than the curvature of the concave surface 29a (the curvature of the spherical surface 60).
- the circumferential direction of the superdirective speaker 21a is changed by changing mechanical elements such as curvature and surface roughness, and chemical elements of the contact surface, on the surfaces where the convex surface 27a and the concave surface 29a can contact each other. It is possible to change the ease of rotation and the ease of tilting in the thickness direction.
- the listener can rotate or tilt the super-directional speaker 21a by holding the side surface 25 of the super-directional speaker 21a by hand.
- the listener can set the sound wave emitting surface 23 of the super-directional speaker 21a in an arbitrary direction as shown in FIG.
- two superdirective speakers 21 a constituting the sound reproducing device are installed on the left side and the right side with respect to the handle 13, but only one or three or more are installed. It is good also as composition to do.
- the position of the superdirective speaker 21a is not limited to the left and right sides of the handle 13. What is necessary is just to install in the position which can transmit the sound wave from superdirective speaker 21a directly to specific listeners, such as a driver and a passenger. Or what is necessary is just to install in the position which can be transmitted with respect to specific listeners, such as a driver and a passenger, using the reflection by the wall surface etc. in a vehicle.
- the shape of the convex surface 27a of the superdirective speaker 21a is not limited to a curved surface having a specific curvature.
- the cross-sectional shape may be a shape having a sharp portion such as a triangle.
- the curvature of the convex surface 27a may not be constant, and the convex surface 27a may be configured by a combination of curved surfaces having different curvatures.
- the convex surface 27a is not limited to the configuration formed over the entire circumference of the side surface 25, and a plurality of convex surfaces 27a may be partially provided. However, in the case where a plurality of convex surfaces 27a are provided, it is preferable that the superdirective speaker 21a is provided at substantially equal intervals on the outer periphery of the side surface 25 in order to hold the superdirective speaker 21a on the attachment portion 19a.
- the plurality of convex surfaces 27a may be supported by one concave surface 29a, or may be supported by a plurality of concave surfaces 29a.
- the shape of the concave surface 29a of the attachment portion 19a is not limited to the above shape, and the superdirective speaker 21a can be held by the attachment portion 19a in correspondence with the shape of the convex surface 27a, and the superdirective speaker 21a can be Any shape that can be rotated or tilted is acceptable.
- the entire surface of the sound wave emitting surface 23 or a part thereof may be a mirror surface.
- the listener himself / herself adjusts the direction of the superdirective speaker 21a, the listener's face and eyes are reflected on the surface of the specular acoustic radiation surface 23, so that the acoustic radiation surface 23 faces the listener's direction. It is very easy for the listener to judge that Therefore, it becomes possible to adjust the direction of superdirective speaker 21a more easily.
- the sound wave emitting surface 23 may be made of, for example, a resin or metal subjected to mirror finishing. It is good also as a structure which affixes the resin piece, the metal piece, etc. which gave the mirror and the mirror surface process to a part of sound wave emitting surface 23.
- a configuration in which at least a part of the surface of the sound wave emitting surface 23 has a mirror surface portion by plating or the like may be used.
- FIG. 5 is a partially exploded perspective view of the sound reproducing device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6A is a perspective view at the time of angle adjustment of the sound reproducing device in the second embodiment.
- 6B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sound reproducing device according to Embodiment 2 when the angle is adjusted.
- FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B parts having the same configurations as those of the sound reproducing device of FIG. 3 and FIGS. 4A to 4C are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the sound reproducing device in the second embodiment has an angle adjusting unit 31 installed in the superdirective speaker 21b, has a convex surface 27b instead of the convex surface 27a, and has a concave surface 29b instead of the concave surfaces 29a and 30a. This is different from the sound reproducing device in the first embodiment.
- the angle adjusting unit 31 includes an L-shaped arm portion 33 installed on the upper peripheral edge portion of the superdirective speaker 21 b on the sound wave emitting surface 23 side, and the peripheral edge of the superdirective speaker 21 b of the arm portion 33. It is comprised from the spherical grip part 35 attached to the front-end
- a convex surface 27b is formed on the entire side surface 25 of the side surface 25 of the superdirective speaker 21b.
- the entire side surface 25 is referred to as a convex surface 27b.
- a concave surface 29b is formed on the entire wall surface 30 of the mounting portion 19b of the dashboard 11.
- the curvature of the convex surface 27b of the side surface 25 of the superdirective speaker 21b is slightly larger than the curvature of the concave surface 29b of the wall surface 30 of the mounting portion 19b.
- the concave surface 29b has the same characteristics as the concave surface 29a shown in FIG. 4B of the first embodiment. That is, also in Embodiment 2, the concave surface 29b is a surface that can be in contact with the convex surface 27b and has the same curvature as the curvature of the spherical surface 60 of the phantom sphere shown in FIG. 6B on the wall surface 30.
- the wall surface 30 is composed of the concave surfaces 29a and 30a having different curvatures.
- the entire wall surface 30 is composed of the concave surface 29b having a certain curvature. . Therefore, the convex surface 27 b can move over the wall surface 30.
- the listener can rotate in the circumferential direction or tilt in the thickness direction while holding the super-directional speaker 21b on the mounting portion 19b.
- the circumferential direction of the superdirective speaker 21b can be changed by changing mechanical elements such as curvature and surface roughness, and chemical elements of the contact surface on the surface where the convex surface 27b and the concave surface 29b can contact each other.
- the ease of rotation and the ease of tilting in the thickness direction can be changed.
- the superdirective speaker 21b can be arranged without protruding the dashboard 11 other than the angle adjusting unit 31 of the superdirective speaker 21b. .
- the listener can rotate or tilt the super-directional speaker 21b by holding the angle adjusting unit 31 of the super-directional speaker 21b. Therefore, the listener can set the sound wave emitting surface 23 of the superdirective speaker 21b in an arbitrary direction.
- the thickness of superdirective speaker 21b and the thickness of attachment portion 19b are substantially the same, but the thickness of superdirective speaker 21b is greater than the thickness of attachment portion 19b as in the first embodiment. It is good also as a thick structure.
- a part of the wall surface 30 may be a concave surface 29b, and a part other than the concave surface 29b of the wall surface 30 may be configured by a surface having a different curvature from the concave surface 29b.
- the convex surface 27b may not have a constant curvature as long as the curvature is larger than the curvature of the concave surface 29b.
- the magnitude relationship between the thickness of superdirective speaker 21b and the thickness of attachment portion 19b is not particularly limited.
- the arm portion 33 is attached to the attachment portion 19b. As long as it does not contact, the listener can freely move the super-directional speaker 21b in the mounting portion 19b. Therefore, the degree of freedom in designing the shape of the sound reproducing device is increased, and the range in which the angle of the sound wave emitting surface 23 of the superdirective speaker 21b can be adjusted can be increased.
- the angle adjusting unit 31 may be provided in the superdirective speaker 21a in the first embodiment. Thereby, even if it is difficult to directly contact the side surface 25 depending on the installation location of the super-directional speaker 21a on the dashboard 11, the listener can easily adjust the angle of the sound wave emitting surface 23.
- FIG. 7 is a partially exploded perspective view of the sound reproducing device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view at the time of angle adjustment of the sound reproducing device in the third embodiment.
- the sound reproducing device according to Embodiment 3 has a convex surface 27c on the side surface 25 of the superdirective speaker 21c and a concave surface 29c installed on the attachment portion 19c instead of the convex surface 27a and the concave surface 29a shown in FIG. 4A. This is different from the sound reproducing apparatus in the first embodiment.
- a convex surface 27c is provided on the lower side (dashboard 11 side) of the side surface 25 of the super-directional speaker 21c.
- the convex surface 27 c is not formed over the entire circumference of the side surface 25, but is formed only on a part of the side surface 25 in the circumferential direction.
- a concave surface 29c is formed on the wall surface 30 facing the convex surface 27c of the mounting portion 19c.
- the concave surface 29c is formed not on the entire circumference of the wall surface 30 on the inner side of the attachment portion 19c but only on a part thereof.
- the rotation angle of the superdirectional speaker 21c can be limited so that the superdirectional speaker 21c cannot be moved more than one rotation. .
- the curvature of the convex surface 27c is larger than the curvature of the concave surface 29c.
- the convex surface 27c can move on the surface of the concave surface 29c.
- the angle at which the sound wave emitting surface 23 of the superdirective speaker 21c is tilted can be set to the same angle in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, or can be set to different angles in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. Therefore, it is not necessary to rotate the angle by 180 degrees or more when the listener adjusts the radiation direction of the sound wave of superdirective speaker 21c. Even if the shape of the convex surface 27c and the shape of the concave surface 29c are such that the super-directional speaker 21c cannot rotate 180 degrees or more in the circumferential direction of the sound wave emitting surface 23, there is no practical limitation as a sound reproducing device.
- the super-directional speaker 21c can be rotated in the circumferential direction while being held by the attachment portion 19c, or can be tilted in the thickness direction, and the angle of the super-directional speaker 21c can be adjusted as shown in FIG. Is possible.
- the convex surface 27c and the concave surface 29c are each configured as one set.
- a plurality of convex surfaces 27c may be combined with one concave surface 29c.
- a plurality of pairs of the convex surface 27c and the concave surface 29c may be provided. With such a configuration, the superdirective speaker 21c can be held more stably than when only one set is used.
- the rotatable angle of the superdirective speaker 21c may be reduced, and the adjustment range that can be adjusted may be narrowed.
- the number of the pairs of the convex surfaces 27c and the concave surfaces 29c needs to be an appropriate number that can ensure the adjustment range necessary for the listener.
- the sound reproducing device may be configured to have the configuration of the third embodiment and the configuration of the second embodiment at the same time. That is, the side surface 25 in FIG. 7 is a curved surface (convex surface 27b in FIG. 5), and the surface 30a other than the concave surface 29c of the wall surface 30 of the attachment portion 19c is a curved surface corresponding to the curved surface of the side surface 25 (concave surface 29b in FIG. 5). .
- the relationship between the curvature of the side surface 25 and the curvature of the wall surface 30 may be the same as the relationship between the curvature of the convex surface 27b and the curvature of the concave surface 29b of the second embodiment.
- the relationship between the curvature of the convex surface 27c and the curvature of the concave surface 29c may be the same as the relationship between the curvature of the convex surface 27b and the curvature of the concave surface 29b of the second embodiment.
- the super-directional speaker 21c can be rotated in the circumferential direction while being held by the mounting portion 19c, or can be tilted in the thickness direction, and an excessive twist of the wiring cable can be prevented. can do.
- the portion where the convex surface 27c of the superdirective speaker 21c is formed may have a mechanical or material spring property.
- the convex surface 27c can be attached by being retracted on the wall surface 30 other than the concave surface 29c of the attachment portion 19c and protruding from the concave surface 29c. Therefore, the efficiency of assembly work is improved.
- the shape and material are set so that the tension of the spring when the concave surface 29c is in contact with the convex surface 27c is constant. .
- the super-directional speaker 21c and the attachment part 19c are hold
- the angle adjusting unit 31 described in the second embodiment may be provided in the peripheral portion of the superdirective speaker 21c.
- the side surface 25 may be difficult to directly contact. Even in such a case, the listener can easily adjust the angle of the sound wave emitting surface 23 by the angle adjusting unit 31.
- FIG. 9 is a partially exploded perspective view of the sound reproducing device according to the fourth embodiment.
- a perspective view when superdirective speaker 21d is installed on dashboard 11 is the same as FIG.
- FIG. 9 the same components as those of the sound reproducing device of FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the sound reproducing device in the fourth embodiment is different from the sound reproducing device in the third embodiment in that the arrangement of the convex surface and the concave surface is reversed from the arrangement in FIG.
- Superdirective speaker 21d of the sound reproducing device in Embodiment 4 has concave surface 29d on the entire side surface or a part of the side surface.
- the mounting portion 19d has a convex surface 27d on the entire wall surface 30 or a part of the wall surface 30 facing the concave surface 29d. That is, in the configuration of FIG. 7, the convex surface 27c is provided on the side surface 25 of the superdirective speaker 21c, and the concave surface 29c is provided on the wall surface 30 of the mounting portion 19d.
- the side surface 25 is provided with a concave surface 29d
- the mounting portion 19d is provided with a convex surface 27d on the wall surface 30 thereof.
- the direction in which the sound wave of superdirective speaker 21d is emitted can be adjusted by making the curvature of convex surface 27d larger than the curvature of concave surface 29d. Further, the shape of the convex surface 27d and the shape of the concave surface 29d are such that the superdirective speaker 21d does not rotate 180 degrees or more in the circumferential direction of the sound wave emitting surface 23.
- the convex surface 27a and the concave surface 29a, and the convex surface 27b and the concave surface 29b may be provided opposite to each other.
- FIG. 10A is a partially exploded perspective view of the sound reproducing device in the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 10B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sound reproducing device according to Embodiment 5 when the angle is adjusted.
- a perspective view when superdirective speaker 21e is installed on dashboard 11 is the same as FIG.
- FIG. 10A the same components as those of the sound reproducing device of FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the sound reproducing device according to the fifth embodiment is different in that electrodes are provided on the side surface 25 of the super-directional speaker 21e and the mounting portion 19e of the dashboard 11.
- Superdirective speaker 21e has convex surface 37a and convex surface 37b.
- a hot-side electrode 47a is formed on the entire surface where the convex surface 37a and the concave surface 39a are in contact.
- a ground-side electrode 47b is formed on the entire surface where the convex surface 37b and the concave surface 39b contact.
- the wall surface 30 of the mounting portion 19e has a concave surface 39a, a concave surface 39b, and a surface 30a other than these.
- the concave surface 39a and the concave surface 39b of the attachment portion 19e are surfaces that can contact the convex surface 37a and the convex surface 37b, respectively, and the curvatures of the convex surface 37a and the convex surface 37b are larger than the curvatures of the concave surface 39a and the concave surface 39b.
- the spherical surface 60 is a spherical surface having a diameter slightly larger than the maximum outer diameter 62 of the superdirective speaker 21e including the convex surface 37a and the convex surface 37b.
- the concave surface 39 a and the concave surface 39 b are surfaces having a curvature equal to the curvature of the spherical surface 60.
- the concave surface 39 a and the concave surface 39 b are located on the spherical surface 60.
- a hot-side electrode 49a is formed on the concave surface 39a.
- a ground-side electrode 49b is formed on the concave surface 39b.
- the convex surface 37a and the concave surface 39a are in contact with each other, and the convex surface 37b and the concave surface 39b are in contact with each other, whereby the hot-side electrode 47a and the electrode 49a are in contact with each other, and the ground-side electrode 47b and the electrode 49b are in contact with each other.
- the sound reproducing device of FIGS. 10A and 10B has two electrode pairs.
- the super-directional speaker 21e can be rotated in the circumferential direction or tilted in the thickness direction while the super-directional speaker 21e is held by the mounting portion 19e. Further, the hot-side electrode 47a and the electrode 49a, and the ground-side electrode 47b and the electrode 49b can be electrically connected to each other by being in contact with each other. Therefore, it becomes possible to supply an electrical signal from the attachment portion 19e to the super-directional speaker 21e, and a wiring cable that connects the super-directional speaker 21e and the drive control unit becomes unnecessary.
- the hot-side electrode 49a and the ground-side electrode 49b formed on the attachment portion 19e are not in a shape extending over the entire circumference of the wall surface 30 inside the attachment portion 19e.
- the electrode 49a and the ground-side electrode 49b are installed in positions that do not interfere with each other, particularly in the rotational direction of the super-directional speaker 21e, within a range in which the direction of sound waves emitted from the super-directional speaker 21e is adjusted.
- the electrode 47a, the electrode 47b, the electrode 49a, and the electrode 49b are all provided on the entire surface where the convex surface 37a, the convex surface 37b, the concave surface 39a, and the concave surface 39b are in contact with each other.
- the convex surface 37a, the convex surface 37b, and the concave surface 39a are within a range in which the direction in which the sound wave of the superdirective speaker 21e is emitted can be adjusted and an electric signal can be supplied from the mounting portion 19e to the superdirective speaker 21e.
- Each electrode may be formed on a part of the surface with which the concave surface 39b contacts.
- the hot-side electrode 47a and the ground-side electrode 47b provided on the superdirective speaker 21e are formed on a part of the surface where the convex surface 37a and the convex surface 37b are in contact with the concave surface 39a and the concave surface 39b, respectively.
- the electrode 49a and the electrode 49b may be provided on the entire surface of the concave surface 39a and the concave surface 39b.
- the electrode 49a and the electrode 49b are formed on the concave surface 39a and a part of the concave surface 39b, respectively, and the convex surface 37a and the convex surface 37b have a concave surface 39a and a surface that contacts the concave surface 39b, respectively. It is good also as a structure which each provides the electrode 49b by the side of a ground.
- the convex surface 37a or the convex surface 37b moves to a position where the electrodes 49a and 49b are not formed.
- An electric signal cannot be supplied. Therefore, it is also possible to manipulate the input / output of the acoustic signal simply by changing the radiation direction of the sound wave of superdirective speaker 21e.
- the concave surface 39a and the concave surface 39b are arranged so as to be shifted from the positions facing each other, but they may be arranged facing each other. That is, as long as the electrode 49a and the electrode 49b formed on the concave surface 39a and the concave surface 39b do not mechanically interfere with each other and are not electrically short-circuited, the concave surface 39a and the concave surface 39b are disposed at any position of the attachment portion 19e. May be.
- each signal system such as a power source, an acoustic signal, and a control signal can be separated and connected to superdirective speaker 21e. .
- the convex surface 37a, the convex surface 37b, the concave surface 39a, and the concave surface 39b may be provided on opposite sides.
- FIG. 11 is a partially exploded perspective view of the sound reproducing device according to the sixth embodiment.
- the basic configuration of the sound reproducing device in FIG. 11 is the same as that of the sound reproducing device of Embodiment 1 in FIG. 4A, but is different in that the appearance of the superdirective speaker 21f is a prism.
- a convex surface 27 f is provided on one set of opposing surfaces among the four side surfaces 25 adjacent to the sound wave emitting surface 23.
- a concave surface 29f is provided on the wall surface 30 of the attachment portion 19f facing the convex surface 27f. The relationship between the curvature of the convex surface 27f and the curvature of the concave surface 29f is the same as in the first embodiment.
- the listener can easily adjust the angle of the sound wave emitting surface 23 of the super-directional speaker 21f.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 11 can also be applied to the first to fifth embodiments.
- FIG. 12A is a partially exploded perspective view of the sound reproducing device in the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 12B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sound reproducing device in the seventh embodiment.
- the basic configuration of superdirective speaker 21g of the sound reproducing device in FIG. 12A is the same as that of the sound reproducing device of Embodiment 4 in FIG. 9, but concave surface 29g is provided on lower surface 28 of superdirective speaker 21g. Is different.
- the mounting part 19g is spherical.
- the surface 87 of the attachment portion 19g has a convex surface 27g.
- the convex surface 27g has a curvature larger than that of the concave surface 29g.
- the entire surface 87 of the attachment portion 19g is a convex surface 27g.
- the attachment portion 19g is a portion that does not contact the concave surface 29g, and is fixed so as not to interfere with the dashboard when the direction of the superdirective speaker 21g is changed, and at least a part of the superdirective speaker 21g protrudes toward the vehicle interior side.
- the side surface 25 of the superdirective speaker 21g has a lower end 25a below the center 83 of the spherical mounting portion 19g.
- the concave surface 29g extends beyond the center 83 of the attachment portion 19g and extends along the surface 87 to the lower end 25a.
- the entire attachment portion 19g is a sphere having a surface 87 having a curvature larger than the curvature of the concave surface 29g, but at least a portion of the surface 87 that can contact the concave surface 29g is a concave surface. What is necessary is just to set it as the convex surface 27g which has a curvature larger than the curvature of 29g.
- the mounting portion 19g may be integrally formed with the dashboard. That is, the mounting portion 19g may be configured by integrally forming a spherical surface that can contact the concave surface 29g on a part of the dashboard.
- the listener can easily adjust the angle in the circumferential direction or the thickness direction of the super-directional speaker 21g.
- FIGS. 12A and 12B can be applied to the first to sixth embodiments.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a configuration may be adopted in which the direction in which sound waves of superdirective speakers 21a to 21g are emitted is controlled by a control signal from a configuration other than the configuration of the sound reproducing device described above.
- a motor is installed so that the direction in which sound waves of superdirective speakers 21a to 21g are emitted can be adjusted.
- the listener can adjust the direction in which the sound waves of superdirective speakers 21a to 21g are radiated with high accuracy without moving greatly from the listening position.
- the direction in which the sound waves of superdirective speakers 21a to 21g are radiated may be adjusted by a control signal from a configuration other than the configuration of the sound reproducing device described above.
- the direction in which sound waves of superdirective speakers 21a to 21g are emitted can be adjusted in conjunction with the mirror surface angle of an electric door mirror or fender mirror mounted on the vehicle. Since the seating position of the listener can be estimated by adjusting the door mirror and the fender mirror, the direction in which sound waves of superdirective speakers 21a to 21g are emitted can be determined based on the estimated seating position. Therefore, the relationship between the mirror surface angle of the mirror and the direction in which sound waves of superdirective speakers 21a to 21g are emitted is defined in advance.
- the listener can automatically adjust the radiation direction of the sound waves of superdirective speakers 21a to 21g only by electrically adjusting the door mirrors and fender mirrors. Note that not only the mirror surface angle of the mirror but also the relationship between the sheet position and the sound wave radiation direction of the superdirective speakers 21a to 21g may be defined.
- superdirective speakers 21a to 21g may be installed near the door mirror as shown in the configuration of FIG. 13 showing a conventional sound reproducing device.
- the drive part of the door mirror and the superdirective speakers 21a to 21g are mechanically connected by gears or the like. If the relationship between the mirror surface angle of the door mirror and the sound wave radiation direction of superdirective speakers 21a to 21g is set, the door mirror and superdirective speakers 21a to 21g can be simultaneously driven by the same motor.
- the listener can easily and accurately adjust the radiation direction of the sound waves of superdirective speakers 21a to 21g.
- a motor only for adjusting the radiation direction of the sound waves of superdirective speakers 21a to 21g is not necessary, and the cost can be reduced.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a speaker system using superdirective speakers 21a to 21g, audio visual
- the present invention may also be applied to devices that handle sound, such as devices and information devices.
- the sound reproducing device can use the super-directional speaker that reproduces an audio signal for a specific listener. Useful as such.
Abstract
Description
図1は実施の形態1における音響再生装置の超指向性スピーカの設置位置の一例を示す配置図である。図1において、車両のダッシュボード11にはハンドル13が取り付けられている。ダッシュボード11の一部にはメータフード15が形成されている。メータフード15の下部にはメータ17が組み込まれている。ダッシュボード11の、ハンドル13の左側と右側に設けられた取り付け部19aに、それぞれ超指向性スピーカ21aが設置されている。
図5は、実施の形態2における音響再生装置の一部分解斜視図である。図6Aは実施の形態2における音響再生装置の角度調節時の斜視図である。図6Bは実施の形態2における音響再生装置の角度調節時の断面模式図である。
図7は実施の形態3における音響再生装置の一部分解斜視図である。図8は実施の形態3における音響再生装置の角度調節時の斜視図である。
図9は実施の形態4における音響再生装置の一部分解斜視図である。なお、実施の形態4において、超指向性スピーカ21dをダッシュボード11に設置した際の斜視図は図8と同じである。
図10Aは実施の形態5における音響再生装置の一部分解斜視図である。図10Bは実施の形態5における音響再生装置の角度調節時の断面模式図である。なお、実施の形態5において、超指向性スピーカ21eをダッシュボード11に設置した際の斜視図は図8と同じである。
図11は実施の形態6における音響再生装置の一部分解斜視図である。図11における音響再生装置の基本的な構成は、図4Aの実施の形態1の音響再生装置と同一であるが、超指向性スピーカ21fの形状の外観を角柱としている点で異なる。
図12Aは実施の形態7における音響再生装置の一部分解斜視図である。図12Bは実施の形態7における音響再生装置の断面模式図である。図12Aにおける音響再生装置の超指向性スピーカ21gの基本的な構成は、図9の実施の形態4の音響再生装置と同一であるが、凹面29gを超指向性スピーカ21gの下面28に設けている点で異なる。
21a,21b,21c,21d,21e,21f,21g 超指向性スピーカ
23 音波放射面(上面)
25 側面(第1の面)
27a,27b,27c,27d,27e,27f,27g,37a,37b 凸面
29a,29b,29c,29d,29e,29f,29g,39a,39b 凹面
28 下面(第1の面)
30 壁面(第2の面)
47a,47b,49a,49b 電極
65 中心軸
87 表面(第2の面)
Claims (7)
- 超音波を放射する音波放射面と第1の面を有する超指向性スピーカと、
前記第1の面に対向する第2の面を有する取り付け部と、を備え、
前記第1の面は凸面を有し、
前記第2の面は前記凸面と接触し得る凹面を有し、
前記凸面の曲率を前記凹面の曲率よりも大きくし、
前記凸面が前記凹面を移動することにより前記音波放射面の傾きを変化させて前記超指向性スピーカの音波を放射する方向を調整する、
音響再生装置。 - 超音波を放射する音波放射面と第1の面を有する超指向性スピーカと、
前記第1の面に対向する第2の面を有する取り付け部と、を備え、
前記第2の面は凸面を有し、
前記第1の面は前記凸面と接触し得る凹面を有し、
前記凸面の曲率を前記凹面の曲率よりも大きくし、
前記凸面が前記凹面を移動することにより前記音波放射面の傾きを変化させて前記超指向性スピーカの音波を放射する方向を調整する、
音響再生装置。 - 前記超指向性スピーカの前記音波放射面の少なくとも一部を鏡面としたことを特徴とする、請求項1または請求項2に記載の音響再生装置。
- 前記凸面の全面もしくは一部の面に第1の電極を設けると共に、前記凹面の全面、もしくは一部の面に第2の電極を設け、
前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極の対によって前記取り付け部から前記超指向性スピーカへの電気信号の供給を行う、請求項1または請求項2に記載の音響再生装置。 - 前記超指向性スピーカは、上面と下面と、前記上面と前記下面とに繋がる側面とを有する円柱形状を実質的に有し、
前記第1の面は前記円柱形状の前記側面であり、
前記上面は前記音波放射面であり、
前記凸面の前記曲率と前記凹面の前記曲率は前記円柱形の中心軸を含む断面における曲率である、請求項1または請求項2に記載の音響再生装置。 - 前記凸面の全面もしくは一部の面に第1の電極を設けると共に、前記凹面の全面、もしくは一部の面に第2の電極を設け、
前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極の対によって前記取り付け部から前記超指向性スピーカへの電気信号の供給を行う、請求項5に記載の音響再生装置。 - 前記超指向性スピーカは前記音波放射面の周方向に180度以上回転しないように前記凸面と前記凹面を構成した、請求項6に記載の音響再生装置。
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US8861774B2 (en) | 2014-10-14 |
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