WO2012039415A1 - 半導体装置およびその制御方法 - Google Patents
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- WO2012039415A1 WO2012039415A1 PCT/JP2011/071451 JP2011071451W WO2012039415A1 WO 2012039415 A1 WO2012039415 A1 WO 2012039415A1 JP 2011071451 W JP2011071451 W JP 2011071451W WO 2012039415 A1 WO2012039415 A1 WO 2012039415A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K19/00—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits
- H03K19/02—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components
- H03K19/173—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using elementary logic circuits as components
- H03K19/177—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using elementary logic circuits as components arranged in matrix form
- H03K19/17748—Structural details of configuration resources
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C13/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00
- G11C13/0002—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using resistive RAM [RRAM] elements
- G11C13/0004—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using resistive RAM [RRAM] elements comprising amorphous/crystalline phase transition cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C13/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00
- G11C13/0002—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using resistive RAM [RRAM] elements
- G11C13/0007—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using resistive RAM [RRAM] elements comprising metal oxide memory material, e.g. perovskites
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C13/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00
- G11C13/0002—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using resistive RAM [RRAM] elements
- G11C13/0021—Auxiliary circuits
- G11C13/0033—Disturbance prevention or evaluation; Refreshing of disturbed memory data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C13/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00
- G11C13/0002—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using resistive RAM [RRAM] elements
- G11C13/0021—Auxiliary circuits
- G11C13/0035—Evaluating degradation, retention or wearout, e.g. by counting writing cycles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C13/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00
- G11C13/0002—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using resistive RAM [RRAM] elements
- G11C13/0021—Auxiliary circuits
- G11C13/0069—Writing or programming circuits or methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C29/00—Checking stores for correct operation ; Subsequent repair; Testing stores during standby or offline operation
- G11C29/02—Detection or location of defective auxiliary circuits, e.g. defective refresh counters
- G11C29/021—Detection or location of defective auxiliary circuits, e.g. defective refresh counters in voltage or current generators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C29/00—Checking stores for correct operation ; Subsequent repair; Testing stores during standby or offline operation
- G11C29/02—Detection or location of defective auxiliary circuits, e.g. defective refresh counters
- G11C29/028—Detection or location of defective auxiliary circuits, e.g. defective refresh counters with adaption or trimming of parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K19/00—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits
- H03K19/02—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C13/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00
- G11C13/0002—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using resistive RAM [RRAM] elements
- G11C13/0021—Auxiliary circuits
- G11C13/0069—Writing or programming circuits or methods
- G11C2013/0073—Write using bi-directional cell biasing
Definitions
- the present invention is based on the priority claim of Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-210984 (filed on Sep. 21, 2010), the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Shall.
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device and a control method thereof, and more particularly to a semiconductor device including a reconfigurable logic circuit (programmable logic LSI) incorporating a resistance change element as a switching element and a control method thereof.
- a reconfigurable logic circuit programmable logic LSI
- MRAM Magnetic RAM
- PRAM Phase change RAM
- RRAM Resistive RAM
- metal oxide resistance change elements such as perovskite oxide or solid electrolyte resistance change elements, and controls the voltage or current applied to these resistance change elements to control the resistance change elements. Use the property that the resistance value changes.
- Metal oxide resistance change element or solid electrolyte resistance change element has a very large ratio of on-resistance to off-resistance, and, for example, changes by about 5 to 6 digits. Therefore, these variable resistance elements are not limited to application to a nonvolatile memory, but can be applied to freely programming the truth value of a logic gate and freely connecting or disconnecting wiring. That is, by making the resistance change element function as a switching element, it can be applied to a nonvolatile reconfigurable logic circuit (programmable logic LSI).
- programmable logic LSI programmable logic circuit
- a switch using an electrochemical reaction by a solid electrolyte can be smaller in size than a CMOS switch and can have an on-resistance smaller than that of a CMOS switch by about one digit (for example, about 100 ⁇ ).
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a program operation of a resistance change element using a solid electrolyte.
- a resistance change element using a solid electrolyte has a structure in which an ion conductive layer is sandwiched between a first electrode that supplies metal ions and a second electrode that does not supply metal ions.
- the metal when a voltage is applied between the two electrodes, when the first electrode is set to a potential higher than that of the second electrode, the metal is oxidized to metal ions on the surface of the first electrode, and the ion conductive layer. Metal ions are supplied inside. On the other hand, on the surface of the second electrode, metal ions in the ion conductive layer are reduced to metal, and the metal is deposited.
- set operation The program operation from the off state (high resistance state) to the on state in FIG. 10B is referred to as “set operation”.
- the metal when the first electrode is set to a potential lower than that of the second electrode in a state where the metal bridge is formed, the metal is a metal ion on the metal bridge surface having the same potential as the second electrode surface.
- the metal ions are supplied into the ion conductive layer.
- metal ions in the ion conductive layer are reduced to metal, and metal is deposited. Accordingly, the metal bridge gradually becomes thinner, and at a certain point, the conduction path between both electrodes via the metal bridge is interrupted.
- the electrical conduction between the two electrodes changes from the conductive state via the metal bridge to the ionic conduction in the ion conductive layer, so that the resistance between the two electrodes increases rapidly. That is, the switch is turned off (high resistance state).
- reset operation The program operation from the on state to the off state in FIG. 10D is referred to as “reset operation”.
- a resistance change element using a solid electrolyte performs switching between an “on state” and an “off state” by forming and extinguishing a conduction path via a metal bridge. Since this variable resistance element has a simple structure, the manufacturing process is simple, and the element size can be reduced to the nanometer order.
- Patent Document 1 in order to solve the degradation problem of the reference cell, a semiconductor memory that efficiently corrects the state of the reference cell, prevents the degradation of the reference cell due to disturbance or the like, and maintains the value of the reference cell with high accuracy An apparatus is described.
- Patent Document 2 describes a semiconductor element that can be programmed as a logic operation and can also operate as a nonvolatile memory element.
- the logic operation power supply voltage is about 1V. Therefore, it is preferable that the off state can be maintained for 10 years or more in a state where a voltage of 1 V is applied to both ends of the resistance change element in the off state.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the program characteristics of a resistance change element using a solid electrolyte. Note that a system in which the voltage at the external interface is 3.3 V or 2.5 V is generally used, and it is relatively easy to use a high voltage transistor for that purpose in the program circuit. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, it is preferable to set the program voltage in the range of 3V to 5V.
- the device characteristics of the resistance change element can be adjusted by appropriately designing the material and film thickness of the electrode layer and the ion conductive layer.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device and a control method therefor that solve such a problem.
- a semiconductor device is: A plurality of resistance change elements are provided, and each of the plurality of resistance change elements is in a first resistance state or a second resistance state having a lower resistance value than the first resistance state.
- a reconfigurable logic circuit whose logic configuration is determined; A resistance value monitoring circuit that is provided in advance with a resistance change element programmed to a first resistance state, and detects whether the resistance change element holds the first resistance state; When it is detected that the variable resistance element provided in the resistance value monitor circuit does not hold the first resistance state, the voltage for programming from the second resistance state to the first resistance state is: And a controller that applies to one of the plurality of variable resistance elements provided in the reconfigurable logic circuit that holds the first resistance state.
- a method for controlling a semiconductor device includes: In a reconfigurable logic circuit having a plurality of resistance change elements, each of the plurality of resistance change elements is in a first resistance state or in a second resistance state having a resistance value lower than that of the first resistance state.
- the semiconductor device and the control method thereof according to the present invention in the reconfigurable logic circuit using the resistance change element, it is possible to improve the holding characteristic while reducing the program voltage.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a configuration of a semiconductor device according to a first embodiment.
- 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a refresh operation of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a configuration of a resistance value monitor circuit in the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a timing chart illustrating an example of a refresh operation of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which shows as an example the circuit which detects the resistance state of a resistance change element.
- 6 is a timing chart illustrating an example of the operation of the resistance state detection circuit of FIG. 5.
- 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a refresh operation of the semiconductor device according to the second embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the program operation
- the semiconductor device According to the first development form, the semiconductor device according to the first aspect is provided.
- each of the plurality of resistance change elements provided in the reconfigurable logic circuit and the resistance change element provided in the resistance value monitor circuit applies the first voltage in the forward direction to both ends.
- the semiconductor device is programmed from the first resistance state to the second low resistance state and is programmed from the second resistance state to the first resistance state by applying a second voltage across the opposite direction.
- variable resistance element provided in the resistance value monitoring circuit has a plurality of variable resistance elements connected in parallel.
- variable resistance element provided in the resistance value monitoring circuit is applied in the forward direction with a voltage higher than the power supply voltage of the reconfigurable logic circuit and lower than the first voltage.
- a semiconductor device is provided.
- the controller when it is detected that the variable resistance element provided in the resistance value monitoring circuit does not hold the first resistance state, the controller starts from the second resistance state.
- a semiconductor device that applies a voltage when programming to the resistance state of the resistance change element to the resistance change element.
- the timer circuit for measuring the accumulated time after power-on is further provided, and the controller, when the accumulated time exceeds a predetermined time, from the second resistance state to the first resistance state.
- a semiconductor device that applies a voltage at the time of programming to a device that maintains a first resistance state among a plurality of resistance change elements provided in a reconfigurable logic circuit.
- the controller detects that the variable resistance element provided in the resistance value monitoring circuit holds the first resistance state when the accumulated time exceeds a predetermined time. Even when the voltage is programmed from the second resistance state to the first resistance state, the first resistance state among the plurality of resistance change elements provided in the reconfigurable logic circuit is maintained.
- a semiconductor device is provided for applying to a semiconductor device.
- a semiconductor device in which the timer circuit includes a resistance change element that records information corresponding to the accumulated time when the power is turned off.
- a reconfigurable logic circuit using a resistance change element it is possible to prevent a resistance failure of the resistance change element in an off state (high resistance state) in advance, improve the holding characteristics, and reconfigurable.
- the reliability of the logic circuit can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the semiconductor device includes a reconfigurable logic circuit 10, a resistance value monitor circuit 20, a controller 30, and an internal power supply circuit 11.
- the reconfigurable logic circuit 10 has a plurality of resistance change elements Rx as a routing switch for electrically connecting / disconnecting an arbitrary wiring.
- the plurality of resistance change elements Rx are also used as a truth value circuit (lookup table: LUT circuit) of the reconfigurable logic circuit 10.
- the reconfigurable logic circuit 10 further includes a program circuit 12 that lowers (ON) or increases (OFF) the resistance value of each variable resistance element Rx.
- the resistance value monitor circuit 20 detects whether or not the resistance value of the variable resistance element Rmon programmed in advance to the high resistance state (off state) has transitioned to the low resistance state (on state).
- the controller 30 receives the signal MON informing that the variable resistance element Rmon to be monitored has transitioned to the on state, and investigates the resistance states of all the variable resistance elements Rx used in the reconfigurable logic circuit 10. Each time the controller 30 detects the resistance change element Rx in the off state, the controller 30 performs a reset operation on the resistance change element Rx to prevent it from being turned on. Performing a re-reset operation (re-program operation) for inspecting the resistance state of the variable resistance element and increasing the resistance of each variable resistance element in the off state is referred to as “refresh operation”.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of the refresh operation of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment. The refresh operation will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
- step S2 When the resistance change element Rmon in the resistance value monitor circuit 20 transitions to the ON state (Yes in step S1), a refresh operation is started (step S2).
- the refresh operation is preferably started after the arithmetic processing executed in the reconfigurable logic circuit 10 is completed and the standby state is entered. Therefore, when the refresh operation is started, for example, an external busy signal may be activated so that a command is not accepted.
- the controller 30 increments the address signal associated with each resistance change element Rx, detects the resistance state of all the resistance change elements Rx, and performs a reset operation (high resistance) on the resistance change elements Rx in the off state. (Steps S3 to S8).
- the controller 30 accesses the next variable resistance element without performing the program operation (set / reset) when the variable resistance element being accessed is in the ON state (No in step S6).
- step S8 When access to all the resistance change elements is completed (Yes in step S8), the refresh operation is terminated (step S10), and a reset operation is performed on the resistance change element Rmon of the resistance value monitor circuit 20 (step S11).
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing as an example the configuration of the resistance value monitor circuit 20 in the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the resistance value monitor circuit 20a includes a resistance change element Rmon, a bias application / resistance value detection circuit 21a, and a program circuit 22a.
- the bias application / resistance value detection circuit 21a includes transistors M1 to M5 and a reference resistance element Rref, a circuit for applying a voltage equal to or higher than the power supply voltage Vdd of the reconfigurable logic circuit 10 to both ends of the resistance change element Rmon, and a resistance value. Is integrated with a circuit for detecting The variable resistance element has a first electrode connected to the second node n2 and a second electrode connected to the first node n1. A signal / MPRO is supplied to the gate terminals of the transistors M1 and M2.
- the transistor M1 has a first terminal connected to the ground potential and a second terminal connected to the first terminal of the reference resistance element Rref.
- the transistor M2 has a first terminal connected to the ground potential and a second terminal connected to the node n1.
- the transistor M3 has a first terminal connected to the gate terminal and the second terminal of the reference resistance element Rref.
- the transistor M4 has a gate terminal connected to the gate terminal of the transistor M3, and a first terminal connected to the second node.
- the transistor M5 has a first terminal connected to the second terminal of the transistor M3 and the second terminal of the transistor M4, a second terminal connected to the power supply potential Vdh, and a gate terminal supplied with the signal MPRO. Yes.
- the program circuit 22a includes transistors M6 to M9 and programs the resistance state of the resistance change element Rmon.
- the transistor M6 has a first terminal connected to the power supply potential Vpro, a second terminal connected to the node n2, and a gate terminal supplied with the signal / MSET.
- the transistor M7 has a first terminal connected to the node n2, a second terminal connected to the ground potential, and a gate terminal supplied with the signal MRESET.
- the transistor M8 has a first terminal connected to the power supply potential Vpro, a second terminal connected to the node n1, and a gate terminal supplied with the signal / MRESET.
- the transistor M9 has a first terminal connected to the node n1, a second terminal connected to the ground potential, and a gate terminal supplied with the signal MSET. As shown in the upper right of FIG. 3, the signal MPRO is given as a logical sum between the signal MRESET and the signal MSET.
- Transistors M1, M2, and M5 are always on, and are off only during a program operation to resistance change element Rmon.
- the resistance value of the reference resistance element Rref is set to an intermediate value between the on-state resistance value (Ron) and the off-state resistance value (Roff) of the variable resistance element.
- the resistance value of the reference resistance element Rref is preferably set to about several tens k to several hundred k ⁇ .
- the reference resistance element Rref can be formed using a well resistance, a channel resistance of a transistor, or the like. Further, the reference resistance element Rref may be formed by connecting a plurality of resistance change elements in an on state and an off state in series and parallel.
- Transistors M3 and M4 are current mirror circuits, and steadily flow a current Iref corresponding to the resistance value of the reference resistance element Rref to the resistance change element Rmon.
- the resistance change element Rmon When the resistance change element Rmon is in the ON state, almost no voltage is applied to both ends (between the terminals n1 and n2) of the resistance change element Rmon. Therefore, the terminal n2 becomes approximately 0V, and the output terminal MON outputs the H level. On the other hand, when the resistance change element Rmon is in the OFF state, a high voltage is applied to both ends of the resistance change element Rmon. Therefore, the terminal n2 becomes H level and the output terminal MON outputs L level.
- the resistance value monitor circuit 20 it is possible to detect the timing at which the variable resistance element used in the reconfigurable logic circuit 10 changes from the off state to the on state, and prevent this retention failure. Therefore, the polarity of the voltage across the element is made to be the same as the bias direction during the set operation so that the resistance change element Rmon is likely to cause an OFF state retention failure. That is, the lower electrode (first electrode) of the resistance change element Rmon is connected to the terminal n2, and the upper electrode (second electrode) is connected to the terminal n1.
- the resistance change element Rmon used in the resistance value monitor circuit 20 causes a retention failure with a higher probability than the resistance change element used in the reconfigurable logic circuit 10. Therefore, it is preferable to apply a voltage higher than the power supply voltage Vdd of the reconfigurable logic circuit 10 to both ends of the variable resistance element Rmon. For example, by making the power supply voltage Vdh of the resistance value monitor circuit 20 higher than the power supply voltage Vdd of the reconfigurable circuit 10, the voltage applied to both ends of the resistance change element Rmon is made higher than the power supply voltage Vdd of the reconfigurable circuit 10. Can be set.
- FIG. 3 shows a resistance value monitor circuit that can also perform a set operation.
- the signal MSET is set to H level (/ MSET is L level), and the transistors M6 and M9 are turned on.
- the signal MPRO is at the H level (/ MPRO is at the L level). Therefore, transistors M1, M2, and M5 are turned off.
- the power supply voltage Vpro of the program circuit 22a is higher than the set voltage (eg, 3V or more), a set voltage (about 3V) is applied in the forward direction between the terminals n2 and n1, and the resistance change element Rmon is turned on from the off state. Transition to.
- the signal MRESET is set to the H level (/ MRESET is the L level), and the transistors M7 and M8 are turned on. At this time, the transistors M1, M2, and M5 are turned off. If the power supply voltage Vpro is set to the reset voltage or higher (eg, 3 V or higher), the reset voltage is applied in the reverse direction between the terminals n2 and n1, and the resistance change element Rmon transitions from the off state to the on state.
- the program voltage is higher than the power supply voltage Vdd (up to 1 V) of the reconfigurable logic circuit 10. Therefore, it is preferable to use a high breakdown voltage transistor as the transistor used in the resistance value monitor circuit 20a.
- the transistor M5 may be a high voltage transistor, and the transistors M1 to M4 may be core transistors.
- FIG. 4 is a timing chart showing a refresh operation of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4 shows a timing chart during use based on the flowchart shown in FIG. Here, it is assumed that the resistance change element Rmon is programmed to an off state at the time of shipment.
- Time t1 indicates the time when the resistance change element Rmon of the resistance value monitor circuit 20 changes to the ON state. That is, the signal MON is activated (becomes H level) at time t1, and the refresh operation is started.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing as an example a circuit for detecting the resistance state of the variable resistance element.
- FIG. 5 shows an example in which the resistance change elements R00, R10, R01, and R11 are used as crossbar switches arranged in a matrix between the wirings w0, w1, b0, and b1 used in the logic circuit. Has been. Further, the lower electrode (first electrode) of each resistance change element is connected to the wirings w0 and w1, and the upper electrode (second electrode) is connected to the wirings b0 and b1.
- FIG. 5 shows a 2 ⁇ 2 crossbar switch as an example. Even when a large-scale crossbar switch of 8 ⁇ 8, 16 ⁇ 16, or more is used, the operation principle is the same.
- variable resistance element R00 connected between the wiring w0 and the wiring b0 is accessed.
- the access method to the variable resistance element is performed in two stages, a precharge period and an evaluation period (resistance value detection).
- precharge signal / PC is activated (becomes L level), and program lines PVL and / PVL are precharged to H level.
- the NMOS switches Sw0 and Sw1 connected to the program line PVL and the wirings w0 and w1 are all turned on, and the wirings w0 and w1 are also precharged to the H level.
- the NMOS switches Sb0 and Sb1 connected to the program line / PVL line and the wirings b0 and b1 are all turned on, and the wirings b0 and b1 are also precharged to the H level.
- the read enable signal RE is activated (becomes H level), and the evaluation period starts.
- the evaluation period only the NMOS switches Sw0 and Sb0 of the wirings w0 and b0 connected to the variable resistance element R00 to be accessed are turned on, and all others are turned off.
- the program line PVL is grounded, the wiring w0 becomes L level.
- the resistance change element R00 When the resistance change element R00 is in the ON state, the charge charged in the wiring b0 is discharged, and as a result, the program line / PVL is also at the L level. On the other hand, when the resistance change element R00 is in the OFF state, the charge charged in the wiring b0 remains charged as it is, and the program line / PVL remains at the H level. As described above, the state of the resistance change element R00 in the selected state can be detected based on the voltage of the program line / PVL (FIG. 6).
- the dependency of the non-selected elements (resistance change elements R10, R01 and R11) on the resistance state will be examined.
- the selection element resistance change element R00
- the wiring b0 and the wiring w1 are connected.
- the NMOS switch Sw1 and the resistance change element R11 are in the off state, charging / discharging of the wiring b0 is not affected. Therefore, the off state of the selection element R00 can be detected correctly.
- the wiring b1 and the wiring w0 are connected.
- the NMOS switch Sb1 is in the off state, the charge / discharge of the wiring b0 is not affected. Therefore, the off state of the selection element R00 can be detected correctly.
- the wiring b1 and the wiring w1 are connected.
- the resistance change element R10 is in the off state, the charge / discharge of the wiring b0 is not affected. Therefore, the off state of the selection element R00 can be detected correctly.
- the wirings b0 and b1 and the wiring w1 are respectively connected.
- the NMOS switch Sw1 and the resistance change element R01 are in the off state, charging / discharging of the wiring b0 is not affected. Therefore, the off state of the selection element R00 can be detected correctly.
- the wiring b1 and the wirings w0 and w1 are respectively connected.
- the resistance change element R10 is in the off state, the charge / discharge of the wiring b0 is not affected. Therefore, the off state of the selection element R00 can be detected correctly.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing another example of the configuration of the resistance value monitor circuit 20 in the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the resistance value monitor circuit 20a shown in FIG. 3 may be changed to a resistance value monitor circuit 20b having the configuration shown in FIG.
- the detection accuracy of the change in resistance to the on state can be improved by connecting a plurality of monitoring variable resistance elements Rmon0 to Rmon2 in parallel.
- the transistors M10, M11, and M12 are all turned on in a steady state, and also have a function of selecting one arbitrary variable resistance element during a program operation.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the semiconductor device according to the second embodiment.
- the semiconductor device of the present embodiment is similar to the semiconductor device of the first embodiment (see FIGS. 1, 3, 5, and 7), the reconfigurable logic circuit 50, the resistance value monitor.
- a circuit 20 and a controller 70 are provided.
- the semiconductor device of this embodiment is different from the semiconductor device of the first embodiment in that it further includes a timer circuit 40.
- a signal TM is a signal for informing that the timer has reached a preset refresh operation start time.
- the signal TIMRST is a signal for resetting the time of the timer.
- the refresh operation start time represents an accumulated time when power is supplied to the semiconductor device. That is, the refresh operation start time corresponds to a time during which a voltage (about 1 V) equal to the power supply voltage is continuously applied to both ends of the variable resistance element in the off state used in the reconfigurable logic circuit 50.
- the set value of the refresh operation start time depends on the system specifications and the element retention characteristics, and can be, for example, 1 hour to 1 year.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a refresh operation of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the refresh operation in the semiconductor device of the present embodiment will be specifically described.
- not only the resistance state of the variable resistance element for monitoring but also timer information is used as a trigger for starting the refresh operation.
- step S21 when it is detected that the variable resistance element Rmon has transitioned from the off state to the on state (Yes in step S21), the refresh operation is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment regardless of the timer information. Start (step S23).
- step S21 even when the resistance change element Rmon has not transitioned to the ON state (No in step S21), when the timer circuit detects that the preset power-on cumulative time has been reached (Yes in step S22). ) The refresh operation is started (step S23).
- step S24 to S28 are the same as those in the semiconductor device of the first embodiment (steps S3 to S8 in FIG. 2). It is the same.
- step S30 When access to all the resistance change elements is finished (Yes in step S28), the refresh operation is finished (step S30), the reset operation to the monitor resistance change element Rmon (step S31), and the timer reset ( Step S32) is performed.
- the refresh operation may be started after the operation processing is finished and the standby state is entered. preferable. Also, once the refresh operation is started, it is preferable to activate the busy signal to the outside so that no command is accepted.
- the controller 70 controls the above series of refresh operations.
- the timer circuit 40 that stores the cumulative power-on time needs to be non-volatile.
- the timer circuit 40 may include a counter that cumulatively counts clock signals input from the outside. That is, it is desirable that the output value of the counter corresponding to the cumulative power-on time is transferred and stored in the internal or external nonvolatile memory when the power is shut off.
- the timer circuit 40 may incorporate a nonvolatile memory using a resistance change element and store the count value at a part of the addresses. Further, the timer circuit 40 may have a resistance change element, and the count value may be written to the resistance change element when the power is turned off.
- the design of the refresh operation for detecting the states of all the variable resistance elements used in the reconfigurable logic circuit and performing the reset operation may be changed so as to be executed by an external command.
- a plurality of resistance change elements are provided, and each of the plurality of resistance change elements is in a first resistance state or a second resistance state having a lower resistance value than the first resistance state.
- a reconfigurable logic circuit whose logic configuration is determined according to A resistance value monitoring circuit that is provided in advance with a resistance change element programmed to a first resistance state, and detects whether the resistance change element holds the first resistance state; When it is detected that the variable resistance element provided in the resistance value monitoring circuit does not hold the first resistance state, the voltage for programming from the second resistance state to the first resistance state is And a controller that applies to one of the plurality of variable resistance elements provided in the reconfigurable logic circuit that holds the first resistance state.
- Each of the plurality of resistance change elements provided in the reconfigurable logic circuit and the resistance change element provided in the resistance value monitor circuit applies a first voltage to both ends in the forward direction. It is programmed from the first resistance state to the second low resistance state, and is programmed from the second resistance state to the first resistance state by applying a second voltage across the opposite direction.
- the resistance change element provided in the resistance value monitor circuit is configured such that a voltage higher than the power supply voltage of the reconfigurable logic circuit and lower than the first voltage is applied to both ends in the forward direction. 4.
- a timer circuit for measuring the cumulative time after power-on is further provided, The controller, when the accumulated time exceeds a predetermined time, a voltage when programming from the second resistance state to the first resistance state, a plurality of resistance changes provided in the reconfigurable logic circuit 6.
- the semiconductor device according to any one of appendices 1 to 5, wherein the semiconductor device is applied to one of the elements that maintains the first resistance state.
- Appendix 8 The semiconductor device according to appendix 6 or 7, wherein the timer circuit includes a resistance change element that records information corresponding to the accumulated time when the power is turned off.
- each of the plurality of resistance change elements is in a first resistance state or has a second resistance value lower than the first resistance state.
- a step of determining a logical configuration according to whether the resistance state is Detecting whether or not the resistance change element previously programmed to the first resistance state provided in the resistance value monitoring circuit holds the first resistance state; When it is detected that the variable resistance element provided in the resistance value monitoring circuit does not hold the first resistance state, the voltage for programming from the second resistance state to the first resistance state is And a step of applying to the one of the plurality of variable resistance elements provided in the reconfigurable logic circuit that holds the first resistance state.
- Each of the plurality of resistance change elements provided in the reconfigurable logic circuit and the resistance change element provided in the resistance value monitor circuit applies a first voltage in the forward direction to both ends. It is programmed from the first resistance state to the second low resistance state, and is programmed from the second resistance state to the first resistance state by applying a second voltage across the opposite direction.
- variable resistance element provided in the resistance value monitor circuit, a voltage higher than the power supply voltage of the reconfigurable logic circuit and lower than the first voltage is applied to both ends in the forward direction.
- the resistance value change circuit is programmed from the second resistance state to the first resistance state.
- a voltage for programming from the second resistance state to the first resistance state is set to a plurality of voltages provided in the reconfigurable logic circuit. 13.
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、日本国特許出願:特願2010-210984号(2010年9月21日出願)の優先権主張に基づくものであり、同出願の全記載内容は引用をもって本書に組み込み記載されているものとする。
本発明は、半導体装置およびその制御方法に関し、特に、スイッチング素子として抵抗変化素子を組み込んだ再構成可能論理回路(プログラマブルロジックLSI)を備えた半導体装置およびその制御方法に関する。
複数の抵抗変化素子が設けられ、該複数の抵抗変化素子のそれぞれが第1の抵抗状態であるか、または第1の抵抗状態よりも抵抗値の低い第2の抵抗状態であるかに応じて論理構成が決定される再構成可能論理回路と、
予め第1の抵抗状態にプログラムされた抵抗変化素子が設けられ、該抵抗変化素子が第1の抵抗状態を保持しているか否かを検出する抵抗値モニタ回路と、
抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた抵抗変化素子が第1の抵抗状態を保持していないことが検出された場合には、第2の抵抗状態から第1の抵抗状態へプログラムするときの電圧を、再構成可能論理回路に設けられた複数の抵抗変化素子のうちの第1の抵抗状態を保持しているものに印加するコントローラと、を備えている。
複数の抵抗変化素子を有する再構成可能論理回路において、該複数の抵抗変化素子のそれぞれが第1の抵抗状態であるか、または第1の抵抗状態よりも抵抗値の低い第2の抵抗状態であるかに応じて論理構成が決定される工程と、
抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた予め第1の抵抗状態にプログラムされた抵抗変化素子が第1の抵抗状態を保持しているか否かを検出する工程と、
抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた抵抗変化素子が第1の抵抗状態を保持していないことが検出された場合には、第2の抵抗状態から第1の抵抗状態へプログラムするときの電圧を、再構成可能論理回路に設けられた複数の抵抗変化素子のうちの第1の抵抗状態を保持しているものに印加する工程と、を含む。
第1の実施形態に係る半導体装置について、図面を参照して説明する。図1は、本実施形態に係る半導体装置の構成を一例として示すブロック図である。図1を参照すると、半導体装置は、再構成可能論理回路10、抵抗値モニタ回路20、コントローラ30、および、内部電源回路11を備えている。
第2の実施形態に係る半導体装置について、図面を参照して説明する。
予め第1の抵抗状態にプログラムされた抵抗変化素子が設けられ、該抵抗変化素子が第1の抵抗状態を保持しているか否かを検出する抵抗値モニタ回路と、
前記抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた抵抗変化素子が第1の抵抗状態を保持していないことが検出された場合には、第2の抵抗状態から第1の抵抗状態へプログラムするときの電圧を、前記再構成可能論理回路に設けられた複数の抵抗変化素子のうちの第1の抵抗状態を保持しているものに印加するコントローラと、を備えていることを特徴とする半導体装置。
前記コントローラは、前記累積時間が所定の時間を上回った場合には、第2の抵抗状態から第1の抵抗状態へプログラムするときの電圧を、前記再構成論理回路に設けられた複数の抵抗変化素子のうちの第1の抵抗状態を保持しているものに印加することを特徴とする、付記1ないし5のいずれか一に記載の半導体装置。
抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた予め第1の抵抗状態にプログラムされた抵抗変化素子が第1の抵抗状態を保持しているか否かを検出する工程と、
前記抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた抵抗変化素子が第1の抵抗状態を保持していないことが検出された場合には、第2の抵抗状態から第1の抵抗状態へプログラムするときの電圧を、前記再構成可能論理回路に設けられた複数の抵抗変化素子のうちの第1の抵抗状態を保持しているものに印加する工程と、を含むことを特徴とする半導体装置の制御方法。
11 内部電源回路
12,22,22a,22b プログラム回路
20,20a,20b 抵抗値モニタ回路
21,21a,21b バイアス印加・抵抗値検出回路
22,22a,22b プログラム回路
30,70 コントローラ
40 タイマ回路
b0,b1,w0,w1 配線
M1~M12 トランジスタ
MON,MPRO,MRESET,MSET,TIMRST,TM 信号
PVL,/PVL プログラム線
RE リードイネーブル信号
Rmon,Rmon0~Rmon2,Rx、R00~R11 抵抗変化素子
Rref 基準抵抗素子
Sw0,Sw1,Sb0,Sb1 NMOSスイッチ
Vpro 電源電圧
Claims (13)
- 複数の抵抗変化素子が設けられ、該複数の抵抗変化素子のそれぞれが第1の抵抗状態であるか、または第1の抵抗状態よりも抵抗値の低い第2の抵抗状態であるかに応じて論理構成が決定される再構成可能論理回路と、
予め第1の抵抗状態にプログラムされた抵抗変化素子が設けられ、該抵抗変化素子が第1の抵抗状態を保持しているか否かを検出する抵抗値モニタ回路と、
前記抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた抵抗変化素子が第1の抵抗状態を保持していないことが検出された場合には、第2の抵抗状態から第1の抵抗状態へプログラムするときの電圧を、前記再構成可能論理回路に設けられた複数の抵抗変化素子のうちの第1の抵抗状態を保持しているものに印加するコントローラと、を備えていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 前記再構成論理回路に設けられた複数の抵抗変化素子および前記抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた抵抗変化素子のそれぞれは、第1の電圧を両端に順方向に印加することで第1の抵抗状態から第2の低抵抗状態へプログラムされ、第2の電圧を両端に逆方向に印加することで第2の抵抗状態から第1の抵抗状態へプログラムされることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた抵抗変化素子は、並列に接続された複数の抵抗変化素子を有することを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた抵抗変化素子は、前記再構成可能論理回路の電源電圧よりも高く第1の電圧よりも低い電圧が両端に順方向に印加されていることを特徴とする、請求項2または3に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記コントローラは、前記抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた抵抗変化素子が第1の抵抗状態を保持していないことが検出された場合には、第2の抵抗状態から第1の抵抗状態へプログラムするときの電圧を該抵抗変化素子に印加することを特徴とする、請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 電源投入後の累積時間を計測するタイマ回路をさらに備え、
前記コントローラは、前記累積時間が所定の時間を上回った場合には、第2の抵抗状態から第1の抵抗状態へプログラムするときの電圧を、前記再構成論理回路に設けられた複数の抵抗変化素子のうちの第1の抵抗状態を保持しているものに印加することを特徴とする、請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記コントローラは、前記累積時間が所定の時間を上回った場合には、前記抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた抵抗変化素子が第1の抵抗状態を保持していることが検出されたときであっても、第2の抵抗状態から第1の抵抗状態へプログラムするときの電圧を、前記再構成論理回路に設けられた複数の抵抗変化素子のうちの第1の抵抗状態を保持しているものに印加することを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記タイマ回路は、電源遮断時に前記累積時間に相当する情報を記録する抵抗変化素子を有することを特徴とする、請求項6または7に記載の半導体装置。
- 複数の抵抗変化素子を有する再構成可能論理回路において、該複数の抵抗変化素子のそれぞれが第1の抵抗状態であるか、または第1の抵抗状態よりも抵抗値の低い第2の抵抗状態であるかに応じて論理構成が決定される工程と、
抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた予め第1の抵抗状態にプログラムされた抵抗変化素子が
第1の抵抗状態を保持しているか否かを検出する工程と、
前記抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた抵抗変化素子が第1の抵抗状態を保持していないことが検出された場合には、第2の抵抗状態から第1の抵抗状態へプログラムするときの電圧を、前記再構成可能論理回路に設けられた複数の抵抗変化素子のうちの第1の抵抗状態を保持しているものに印加する工程と、を含むことを特徴とする半導体装置の制御方法。 - 前記再構成論理回路に設けられた複数の抵抗変化素子および前記抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた抵抗変化素子のそれぞれは、第1の電圧を両端に順方向に印加することで第1の抵抗状態から第2の低抵抗状態へプログラムされ、第2の電圧を両端に逆方向に印加することで第2の抵抗状態から第1の抵抗状態へプログラムされることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の半導体装置の制御方法。
- 前記抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた抵抗変化素子は、前記再構成可能論理回路の電源電圧よりも高く第1の電圧よりも低い電圧が両端に順方向に印加されていることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の半導体装置の制御方法。
- 前記抵抗値モニタ回路に設けられた抵抗変化素子が第1の抵抗状態を保持していないことが検出された場合には、第2の抵抗状態から第1の抵抗状態へプログラムするときの電圧を該抵抗変化素子に印加する工程を、さらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項9ないし11のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の制御方法。
- 電源投入後の累積時間が所定の時間を上回った場合には、第2の抵抗状態から第1の抵抗状態へプログラムするときの電圧を、前記再構成論理回路に設けられた複数の抵抗変化素子のうちの第1の抵抗状態を保持しているものに印加する工程を、さらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項9ないし12のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の制御方法。
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