WO2012026508A1 - 免疫原性組成物 - Google Patents
免疫原性組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012026508A1 WO2012026508A1 PCT/JP2011/069122 JP2011069122W WO2012026508A1 WO 2012026508 A1 WO2012026508 A1 WO 2012026508A1 JP 2011069122 W JP2011069122 W JP 2011069122W WO 2012026508 A1 WO2012026508 A1 WO 2012026508A1
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- Prior art keywords
- antigen
- surfactant
- immunogenic
- particles
- adjuvant
- Prior art date
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- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002114 octoxynol-9 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940049954 penicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001308 poly(aminoacid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940117828 polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid copolymer Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229950008882 polysorbate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002685 pulmonary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005322 streptomycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZBPQYEWFWJAW-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium 3-carboxy-3-hydroxypentanedioate acetate Chemical compound C(CC(O)(C(=O)[O-])CC(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].[Na+].C(C)(=O)O.[Na+].[Na+] WXZBPQYEWFWJAW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000029069 type 2 immune response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241001529453 unidentified herpesvirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000712461 unidentified influenza virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000004417 unsaturated alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010048282 zoonosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
- A61K9/1682—Processes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/39—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the immunostimulating additives, e.g. chemical adjuvants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/0005—Vertebrate antigens
- A61K39/0011—Cancer antigens
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
- A61K9/1605—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/1617—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
- A61K9/1623—Sugars or sugar alcohols, e.g. lactose; Derivatives thereof; Homeopathic globules
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
- A61K9/1605—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/1629—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/1641—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, poloxamers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
- A61K9/1605—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/1629—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/1641—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, poloxamers
- A61K9/1647—Polyesters, e.g. poly(lactide-co-glycolide)
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- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
- A61K9/1605—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/1629—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/1652—Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, cellulose derivatives; Cyclodextrin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
- A61K2039/55511—Organic adjuvants
- A61K2039/55583—Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/60—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characteristics by the carrier linked to the antigen
- A61K2039/6087—Polysaccharides; Lipopolysaccharides [LPS]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/60—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characteristics by the carrier linked to the antigen
- A61K2039/6093—Synthetic polymers, e.g. polyethyleneglycol [PEG], Polymers or copolymers of (D) glutamate and (D) lysine
Definitions
- An object of the present invention is to provide an immunogenic composition having a high antigen activation ability with a small antigen amount and a small number of administrations.
- amphiphilic polymer is a graft-type amphiphilic polymer comprising a polysaccharide main chain and a poly (hydroxy acid) graft chain.
- Immunological evaluation 1 of CEA-containing immunogenic microparticles Immunological evaluation 2 of CEA-containing immunogenic microparticles. Immunological evaluation 3 of CEA-containing immunogenic microparticles. Immunological evaluation of CEA-containing immunogenic microparticles 4 Immunological evaluation 5 of CEA-containing immunogenic microparticles. Immunological evaluation of OVA-containing immunogenic microparticles.
- amphiphilic means that it has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties
- hydrophilic means that when the solubility in water of any part is higher than other parts, the part becomes hydrophilic. Say sex. It is desirable that the hydrophilic portion is soluble in water. However, even if it is poorly soluble, it is sufficient if the solubility in water is higher than other portions.
- hydrophobic means that a segment is hydrophobic when the solubility in water at any site is lower than at other sites. The hydrophobic site is preferably insoluble in water, but it may be soluble as long as it has a lower solubility in water than other sites.
- the average molecular weight of the hydrophilic segment is preferably 1,000 to 100,000, more preferably 2,000 to 50,000. More preferably, it is 10,000 to 40,000.
- the number of graft chains is preferably 2 to 50. The number of graft chains can be determined from the ratio of the hydrophilic segment main chain to the hydrophobic segment main chain obtained by 1 H-NMR measurement, the average molecular weight of the hydrophobic segment, and the average molecular weight of the used hydrophilic segment main chain.
- the preferred average molecular weight ratio between the hydrophobic segment and the hydrophilic segment varies depending on the amphiphilic polymer, but in the case of a block polymer in which the hydrophobic segment and the hydrophilic segment are connected in a straight chain, the average molecular weight of the hydrophilic segment and the hydrophobic segment
- the ratio is preferably 1: 1 or more, more preferably 1: 2 or more, further preferably 1: 4 or more, and particularly preferably 1: 4 or more and 1:25 or less.
- the type of antigen encapsulated in the adjuvant microparticles is not particularly limited, and peptides, proteins, glycoproteins, glycolipids, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, and viruses, fungus bodies, allergens, and tissues containing these , Cells, etc.
- Specific examples include pollen-derived antigen, hepatitis A virus-derived antigen, hepatitis B virus-derived antigen, hepatitis C virus-derived antigen, hepatitis D virus-derived antigen, hepatitis E virus-derived antigen, hepatitis F virus-derived antigen.
- association means that two or more particles are bonded via interparticle forces or other substances. And forming an aggregate.
- the interparticle force is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include hydrophobic interaction, hydrogen bond, and van der Waals force.
- the association is not limited to the state in which the fine particles are in contact with each other, and a substance having an affinity for the fine particles may exist between the fine particles, or the fine particles may be dispersed in the matrix.
- a water-immiscible solvent dispersion of an antigen-adjuvant microparticle complex when obtaining a water-immiscible solvent dispersion of an antigen-adjuvant microparticle complex, it is cooled and frozen below the melting point of the aqueous solvent A and the water-immiscible organic solvent B constituting the reverse emulsion, and then dried under reduced pressure.
- freeze-dried adjuvant microparticles can be obtained.
- the pre-freezing temperature may be appropriately determined experimentally from the solvent composition, but is preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. or lower.
- the degree of reduced pressure in the drying process may be appropriately determined experimentally from the solvent composition, but is preferably 3,000 Pa or less, more preferably 500 Pa or less for shortening the drying time.
- freeze-drying it is preferable to use a laboratory freeze-dryer equipped with a cold trap and connectable to a vacuum pump, or a shelf-type vacuum freeze-dryer used for manufacturing pharmaceuticals. Thereafter, drying under reduced pressure may be performed with a decompression device such as a vacuum pump under cooling or at room temperature.
- a decompression device such as a vacuum pump under cooling or at room temperature.
- aqueous solvent A in the step (a ′) and the water-immiscible organic solvent in the step (b ′) are under the same conditions as in the above steps (a) and (b).
- the solvent in which the amphiphilic polymer poly (hydroxy acid) is soluble and does not substantially dissolve the polymer constituting the hydrophilic segment include ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, butyl acetate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate , Methylene chloride, chloroform, dioxane, toluene, xylene and the like.
- the antigen-adjuvant microparticle complex was associated. It can be encapsulated in immunogenic microparticles.
- the surfactant when the surfactant is dissolved in the liquid phase D used in step (c ′), the surfactant binds to the surface of the immunogenic microparticles associated with the antigen-adjuvant microparticle complex, The effect of the present invention cannot be obtained.
- saccharide As the surface modifier, monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides are preferable.
- polysaccharide cellulose, chitin, chitosan, gellan gum, alginic acid, hyaluronic acid, pullulan or dextran is preferable, and cholesterolated pullulan is particularly preferable for improving the dispersibility of the particles, cellulose, chitin, chitosan, gellan gum, alginic acid, An analogue of either hyaluronic acid, pullulan or dextran is preferred.
- a solid-in-oil-in-water (S / O / W) type emulsion or solid-in-oil-in emulsion is formed for the purpose of producing particles in which finer antigen-adjuvant microparticle complexes are associated.
- S / O1 / O2 oil
- the emulsification method is not particularly limited as long as a stable emulsion can be prepared, and examples thereof include a stirring method, a high-pressure homogenizer, a high-speed homomixer, and the like.
- Example 2 Preparation of Immunogenic Fine Particles (Particles (1) to (10) and Comparative Particles (1) and (2)) Dextran-poly (lactic acid-glycolic acid) (PLGA) of Example 1 (Compound (2) ) 5 mg was dissolved in 100 ⁇ l of dimethyl carbonate to prepare a 50 mg / ml amphiphilic polymer solution (B). After adding 20 ⁇ l of tert-butanol to the amphiphilic polymer solution (B), 50 ⁇ l of 0.025% (w / v) CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) (Cosmo Bio) aqueous solution (A) is added dropwise, and vortex mixer The reverse phase emulsion was prepared by stirring at
- the surfactant is polysorbate 80, polysorbate 20, trioleic acid with respect to any one of the CEA aqueous solution (A), the amphiphilic polymer solution (B) and the dispersion (C).
- Either sorbitan, sorbitan monooleate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) or polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil (manufactured by Nikko Chemical Co., Ltd.) corresponds to 10% (w / w) based on the amount of amphiphilic polymer. 500 ⁇ g was dissolved.
- Dimethyl carbonate was removed from the S / O / W emulsion by in-liquid drying to obtain an immunogenic fine particle suspension.
- the suspension was transferred to a 15 ml tube and particles were precipitated by centrifugation at 8,000 rpm for 10 minutes. After removing the supernatant, the particles were resuspended in 10 ml of distilled water, and the particles were precipitated again by centrifugation under the above conditions. This washing operation is repeated once more, and after removing the supernatant, the particles contain 5% (w / v) mannitol, 0.5% (w / v) sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 0.1% (w / v) polysorbate 80.
- the reverse phase emulsion was pre-frozen with liquid nitrogen, and then freeze-dried for 24 hours at a trap cooling temperature of ⁇ 45 ° C. and a vacuum of 20 Pa using a freeze dryer (EYELA, FREEZE DRYER FD-1000).
- the obtained solid content was dispersed in 200 ⁇ l of dimethyl carbonate to prepare a dispersion.
- the dispersion was dropped into 2 ml of an aqueous solution (C) containing 10% (w / v) of a surface modifier (Pluronic F-68), and stirred and emulsified with a vortex mixer to prepare an S / O / W type emulsion.
- the surfactant is polysorbate 80, sorbitan monooleate (both manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) and polysorbate for either the OVA aqueous solution (A) or the amphiphilic polymer solution (B).
- One of oxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil manufactured by Nikko Chemical Co., Ltd. was dissolved in 500 ⁇ g corresponding to 10% (w / w) with respect to the amount of amphiphilic polymer.
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Abstract
Description
(1)すず触媒存在下、多糖にヒドロキシ酸活性化モノマーを加えて重合反応を行い、ポリ(ヒドロキシ酸)を導入することでグラフト型両親媒性ポリマーを製造する方法[Macromolecules,31,p.1032-1039(1998年)]
(2)水酸基の大部分が置換基で保護された多糖の一部未保護の水酸基を塩基で活性化後、ヒドロキシ酸活性化モノマーを加えてポリ(ヒドロキシ酸)からなるグラフト鎖を導入し、最後に保護基を取り除くことにより、グラフト型両親媒性ポリマーを製造する方法[Polymer,44,p.3927-3933,(2003年)]
(3)多糖に対して、ポリ(ヒドロキシ酸)の共重合体を脱水剤および/または官能基の活性化剤を用いて縮合反応させることにより、グラフト型両親媒性ポリマーを製造する方法[Macromolecules,33,p.3680-3685(2000年)]。
(1-1)TMS-デキストラン(化合物(1))の合成
デキストラン(ナカライテスク株式会社、ナカライ規格特級適合品、数平均分子量13,000、5.0g)をホルムアミド(100ml)に加え、80℃に加熱した。この溶液に1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザン(100ml)を20分掛けて滴下した。滴下終了後、80℃で2時間攪拌した。反応終了後、反応溶液を室温に戻し、分液漏斗で2層を分離した。上の層を減圧下濃縮した後、メタノール(300ml)を加え、得られた固体をろ過、乾燥し、TMS-デキストラン(化合物(1))(11.4g)を白色固体として得た。
化合物(1)(0.5g)とtert-ブトキシカリウム(35mg)を加熱減圧下2時間乾燥後、テトラヒドロフラン(10ml)を加え、1.5時間室温で攪拌した。この溶液に(DL)-ラクチド(0.56g)とグリコリド(0.9g)のテトラヒドロフラン(15ml)溶液を滴下し、5分間攪拌後、酢酸を2滴加えて反応を停止させた。反応終了後、溶媒を減圧下濃縮し、クロロフォルム-メタノール系およびクロロフォルム-ジエチルエーテル系で再沈殿精製を行うことによって得られる白色固体をクロロフォルム(9ml)に溶解した。この溶液にトリフルオロ酢酸(1.0ml)を加え、室温で30分間攪拌した。反応終了後、溶媒を減圧下留去後、残渣をクロロフォルム(10ml)に溶解し、0℃に冷却したジエチルエーテルに滴下することにより得られた生成物をろ過することにより両親媒性ポリマーであるデキストラン-PLGAを白色固体として得た(化合物(2))。1H-NMR測定によりデキストラン-PLGAのPLGAグラフト鎖の数平均分子量5571、グラフト鎖数30と決定した。
実施例1のデキストラン-ポリ(乳酸-グリコール酸)(PLGA)(化合物(2))5mgを炭酸ジメチル100μlに溶解し、50mg/mlの両親媒性ポリマー溶液(B)を調製した。両親媒性ポリマー溶液(B)にtert-ブタノール20μlを添加後、0.025%(w/v)CEA(癌胎児性抗原)(コスモバイオ社))水溶液(A)50μlを滴下し、ボルテックスミキサーで撹拌して逆相エマルジョンを製造した。
<方法>
実施例2の方法で作成した免疫原性微粒子(粒子(3)~(7)および比較粒子(2))を200μlのリン酸緩衝生理食塩水で懸濁し、粒子懸濁液を調製した。粒子懸濁液100μlをエッペンドルフチューブに移し、1mlの蒸留水を加えて13,000rpm、10分間の遠心により粒子を沈殿させた。上清を除いた後、粒子を1mlの蒸留水に再懸濁し、上記条件での遠心により粒子を再度沈殿させた。上清を除いた後、粒子を塩化メチレンとアセトンを1:3の割合で混合した混合溶液0.5mlに溶解させた。該粒子溶解液を13,000rpm、10分間の遠心によりCEAを沈殿させた。上清を除いた後、沈殿を混合溶液0.5mlに溶解し、上記条件での遠心によりCEAを再度沈殿させた。上清を除いた後、30分間遠心乾燥を行いCEAの沈殿を乾燥させた。CEAの沈殿にゲル電気泳動用サンプリングバッファー(TEFCO社製)を加え95℃で3分間溶解させた後に、ポリアクリルアミドゲル(TEFCO社製)を用いてゲル電気泳動を行った。泳動後、コロイドCBB染色キット(TEFCO社製)を用いて染色を行い、CEAの粒子への内包率を算出し表2に示した。
免疫原性微粒子の抗原(CEA)内包率は表2のようになり、いずれの界面活性剤の含有した免疫原性微粒子(粒子(3)~(7))でも、界面活性剤を含有していない粒子(比較粒子(2))と同程度の内包率であり、界面活性剤は免疫原性微粒子における抗原の内包率に悪影響を与えないことが示された。
<方法>
実施例2で作成したポリソルベート80およびトリオレイン酸ソルビタンを含有する免疫原性微粒子(粒子(1)、(2))を200μlのリン酸緩衝生理食塩水で懸濁し投与溶液とした。本溶液を、7週令の雄Balb/Cマウス(日本SLC社)の背部皮下に1匹あたりCEA5μgとなるように単回注射投与した。比較例としては界面活性剤を含まない粒子(比較粒子(1))、またはCEA溶液50μlとアジュバントとして“Imject Alum”(サーモ・サイエンティフィック社製、以下、Alumとも言う。)50μlを混合した溶液をそれぞれBalb/Cマウスの背部皮下に1匹あたりCEA5μgとなるように単回注射投与した。それぞれの条件ごとに5匹のマウスに投与し、抗体価の経時変化を図1に示した。
血漿中の抗CEA抗体価の平均値の経時変化を図1に示す。ポリソルベート80を含有した粒子(1)およびトリオレイン酸ソルビタンを含有した粒子(2)は8週間にわたり持続的な抗体価上昇効果を示し、比較例である抗原+Alumの投与を大きく上回った。また界面活性剤を含まない比較粒子(1)に比べても高い抗体価を示し、免疫原性微粒子は界面活性剤の含有することでより強いアジュバント能を持つことが示された。
<方法>
実施例2で作成した免疫原性微粒子(粒子(3)~(7))を実施例4に示す方法で7週令の雄Balb/Cマウス(日本SLC社)の背部皮下に1匹あたりCEA5μgとなるように単回注射投与した。比較例としては界面活性剤を含まない粒子(比較粒子(2))をBalb/Cマウスの背部皮下に1匹あたりCEA5μgとなるように単回注射投与した。それぞれの条件ごとに5匹のマウスに投与し図2では抗体価の平均値を示した。採血および抗体価の測定は実施例4に示す方法で行った。
投与後4週間目の血漿中の抗CEA抗体価の平均値を図2に示す。実施例4で示したポリソルベート80またはトリオレイン酸ソルビタンを含有した粒子((3)、(4))と同様に、ポリソルベート20、モノオレイン酸ソルビタンまたはポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油を含有した粒子((5)~(7))においても、界面活性剤を含有していない比較粒子(2)に比べて高い抗体価を示し、免疫原性微粒子は界面活性剤を含有することでより強いアジュバント能を持つことが示された。
<方法>
実施例2で作成したポリソルベート80を含有する免疫原性微粒子(粒子(8)~(10))を実施例4に示す方法で7週令の雄Balb/Cマウス(日本SLC社)のフットパッドに1匹あたりCEA5μgとなるように単回注射投与した。また比較例として抗原溶液50μlとAlum50μlを混合した溶液をBalb/Cマウスのフットパッドに1匹あたりCEA5μgとなるように単回注射投与した。それぞれの条件ごとに3匹のマウスに投与し図3では抗体価の平均値を示した。抗体価の測定は実施例4に示す方法で行った。
投与後2週間目の血漿中の抗CEA抗体価の平均値を図3に示す。調製工程においてポリソルベート80を溶解した溶液の異なる粒子((8)~(10))の抗体価は、いずれも比較例である抗原+Alumの投与を大きく上回った。すなわち、界面活性剤をCEA水溶液(A)、両親媒性ポリマー溶液(B)および分散液(C)のいずれに溶解した場合に得られる免疫原性微粒子も強いアジュバント能を持つことが示された。
<方法>
実施例2で作製したポリソルベート80を含有する免疫原性微粒子(粒子(1))を1mlの蒸留水に懸濁させて13,000rpm、10分間の遠心により粒子を沈殿させた。上清を除いた後、粒子を1mlの蒸留水に再懸濁し、上記条件での遠心により粒子を再度沈殿させた。上清を除いた後、粒子を100μlの酢酸エチルに溶解させた。該粒子溶解液に300μlのエタノールを加えた後に13,000rpm、10分間の遠心により両親媒性ポリマーを沈殿させた。上清を回収し、減圧留去により溶媒を除いたのちに、残渣を100μlの蒸留水に溶解させることで粒子抽出液を作成した。該粒子抽出液を逆相カラム(YMC-Pack PROTEIN-RP、YMC社製)を用いて高速液体クロマトグラフィー(島津製作所製)により分析することで、免疫原性微粒子に含まれるポリソルベート80の含量を測定した。
高速液体クロマトグラフィーによる分析により、該粒子抽出液中に0.24(w/v)%のポリソルベート80が含まれていることが確認された。本結果より、免疫原性微粒子を構成する両親媒性ポリマーの仕込量に対して4.8(w/w)%のポリソルベート80が免疫原性微粒子中に含まれることが明らかとなり、実施例2の調製工程において添加したポリソルベート80の48%(w/w)が免疫原性微粒子中に含まれることが示された。
実施例1で作成したデキストラン-ポリ(乳酸-グリコール酸)(PLGA)(化合物(2))5mgを炭酸ジメチル100μlに溶解し、50mg/mlの両親媒性ポリマー溶液(B)を調製した。両親媒性ポリマー溶液(B)にtert-ブタノール20μlを添加後、0.025%(w/v)CEA(癌胎児性抗原)(コスモバイオ社))水溶液(A)50μlを滴下し、ボルテックスミキサーで撹拌して逆相エマルジョンを製造した。
<方法>
実施例8で作成した免疫原性微粒子(粒子(11)~(13))を実施例4に示す方法で7週令の雄Balb/Cマウス(日本SLC社)の背部皮下に1匹あたりCEA5μgとなるように単回注射投与した。比較例としては界面活性剤の添加方法の異なる粒子(比較粒子(3)、(4))をBalb/Cマウスの背部皮下に1匹あたりCEA5μgとなるように単回注射投与した。それぞれの条件ごとに5匹のマウスに投与し図4では抗体価の平均値を示した。採血および抗体価の測定は実施例4に示す方法で行った。
投与後5週間目の血漿中の抗CEA抗体価の平均値を図4に示す。界面活性剤をCEA水溶液(A)、ポリマー溶液(B)および分散液(C)に添加した粒子(粒子(11)~(13))の場合には、S/O/W型エマルジョン内部に界面活性剤が存在するため、界面活性剤は微粒子に内包されている。一方、表面改質剤を含む水溶液(D)に添加した粒子(比較粒子(3))の場合には、S/O/W型エマルジョン外部にポリソルベート80が存在するため、界面活性剤は微粒子の表面に結合して存在している。注射液(E)に添加した粒子(比較粒子(4))の場合には、界面活性剤と微粒子が結合せずに共存している。界面活性剤を内包した免疫原性微粒子(粒子(11)~(13))は、界面活性剤が表面に結合して存在する粒子(比較粒子(3))や界面活性剤が表面に結合せずに存在している場合(比較粒子(4))に比べ高い抗体価を示したことから、本発明においては界面活性剤が免疫原性微粒子に内包されることが重要であることが示された。
<方法>
実施例8で作成した免疫原性微粒子(粒子(11)、(14)、(15))を実施例4に示す方法で7週令の雄Balb/Cマウス(日本SLC社)の背部皮下に1匹あたりCEA5μgとなるように単回注射投与した。比較例としては界面活性剤を含まない粒子(比較粒子(5))をBalb/Cマウスの背部皮下に1匹あたりCEA5μgとなるように単回注射投与した。それぞれの条件ごとに5匹のマウスに投与し図5では抗体価の平均値を示した。採血および抗体価の測定は実施例4に示す方法で行った。
投与後3週間目の血漿中の抗CEA抗体価の平均値を図5に示す。界面活性剤を内包した粒子(粒子(11)、(14)、(15))は、界面活性剤を含まない粒子(比較粒子(5))に比べて高い抗体価を示した。また、界面活性剤を内包した粒子の間では、界面活性剤の添加量が多い粒子がより高い抗体価を示したことより、粒子に内包される界面活性剤の量が多いほうがより高い効果が得られることが示された。
<方法>
実施例8で作製した免疫原性微粒子(粒子(11)~(13)および比較粒子(3))を用いて、実施例7示す方法で免疫原性微粒子に含まれるポリソルベート80の含量を測定した。
高速液体クロマトグラフィーによる分析により、免疫原性微粒子を構成する両親媒性ポリマーの仕込量および製造工程で添加した量に対するポリソルベート80の含量を表4に示す。界面活性剤をCEA水溶液(A)、ポリマー溶液(B)および分散液(C)に添加した粒子(粒子(11)~(13))では、調製工程より界面活性剤は微粒子に内包されているため、実施例8の調製工程において添加した界面活性剤の約30%(w/w)が粒子に含まれることが示された。一方、界面活性剤を表面改質剤を含む水溶液(D)に添加した粒子(比較粒子(3))では界面活性剤が微粒子の表面に結合してしまうため、調製工程で添加した界面活性剤の約3%しか含まれないことが示された。
実施例1で作成したデキストラン-ポリ(乳酸-グリコール酸)(PLGA)(化合物(2))5mgを炭酸ジメチル100μlに溶解し、50mg/mlの両親媒性ポリマー溶液(B)を調製した。両親媒性ポリマー溶液(B)にtert-ブタノール20μlを添加後、0.25%(w/v) OVA(卵白アルブミン)(シグマ社))水溶液(A)50μlを滴下し(OVA仕込量:125μg)、ボルテックスミキサーで撹拌して逆相エマルジョンを製造した。
<方法>
マウス腹腔マクロファージを用いたin vitro刺激試験を以下に示す方法で行った。オスBalb/cマウス12週齢の腹腔内に26G注射針(テルモ社)を用いて、刺激液としてチオグリコール酸培地(GIBCO社)5mlを投与し、自由給餌下で72時間飼育した。ドライアイスを用いて安楽死させたマウスの腹腔内に26G注射針を用いてPBS溶液(0℃、フィルター濾過済)10mlを注入したのち、マウス腹部をマッサージしつつ5分間放置した。その後、マイクロピペットを用いて、マウス腹腔細胞を含む溶液を回収した。
培地中のTNFαの濃度を図6に示す。界面活性剤を内包した粒子(粒子(16)~(18))は内包しない粒子(比較粒子(6))に比べ高いTNFα濃度を示した。TNFαは免疫誘導を行うサイトカインの1種であり、粒子に界面活性剤を内包することで効率的に免疫が誘導されることが示された。また、粒子化していない抗原および界面活性剤を添加した比較例(比較例(1)~(4))では、TNFαの濃度が粒子化した場合に比べて低いことより、免疫の誘導には粒子化が重要であることが示された。
Claims (12)
- 疎水性セグメントがポリ(ヒドロキシ酸)である両親媒性ポリマーからなるアジュバント微粒子に抗原が内包された抗原-アジュバント微粒子複合体からなる免疫原性微粒子および界面活性剤を有効成分として含有する免疫原性組成物であって、界面活性剤が免疫原性微粒子に内包されてなる、免疫原性組成物。
- 前記免疫原性微粒子が抗原-アジュバント微粒子複合体が会合した粒子である、請求項1に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記界面活性剤が脂肪酸エステル構造を含む、請求項1または2に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- アジュバント微粒子が両親媒性ポリマーの親水性セグメントからなる親水性部分を内部に有し、両親媒性ポリマーの疎水性セグメントからなる疎水部分の外層を有することを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 両親媒性ポリマーの親水性セグメントが多糖である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 両親媒性ポリマーが多糖主鎖およびポリ(ヒドロキシ酸)グラフト鎖からなるグラフト型両親媒性ポリマーである、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 多糖がデキストランである、請求項5または6に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- ポリ(ヒドロキシ酸)がポリ(乳酸-グリコール酸)である、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記界面活性剤がさらに単糖および/またはポリエチレングリコール構造を含む、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記界面活性剤がポリソルベート80、ポリソルベート20、モノオレイン酸ソルビタン、トリオレイン酸ソルビタンおよびポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油からなる群から選択される1種または2種以上である、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 抗原を溶解した水系溶媒Aまたは疎水性セグメントがポリ(ヒドロキシ酸)である両親媒性ポリマーを溶解した水非混和性有機溶媒Bに界面活性剤を溶解し、それらを混合することにより逆相エマルジョンを形成する工程、および逆相エマルジョンから溶媒を除去する工程により得られる免疫原性微粒子を有効成分とする、免疫原性組成物。
- 抗原を溶解した水系溶媒Aおよび疎水性セグメントがポリ(ヒドロキシ酸)である両親媒性ポリマーを溶解した水非混和性有機溶媒Bを混合することにより逆相エマルジョンを形成する工程、逆相エマルジョンから溶媒を除去して抗原-アジュバント微粒子複合体を得る工程、および抗原-アジュバント微粒子複合体分散液Cを表面改質剤を溶解した液相Dに導入して分散媒を除去する工程を含む抗原-アジュバント微粒子複合体が会合した粒子の製造工程において、水系溶媒A、水非混和性有機溶媒Bまたは分散液Cに界面活性剤を溶解させることにより得られる免疫原性微粒子を有効成分とする、免疫原性組成物。
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Also Published As
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CN103052402B (zh) | 2015-08-12 |
CN103052402A (zh) | 2013-04-17 |
BR112013004353A2 (pt) | 2020-10-06 |
AU2011294244A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
CA2809230C (en) | 2019-02-05 |
MX350927B (es) | 2017-09-26 |
EP2609931A1 (en) | 2013-07-03 |
ES2829819T3 (es) | 2021-06-02 |
US9980913B2 (en) | 2018-05-29 |
EP2609931A4 (en) | 2014-06-04 |
KR101843385B1 (ko) | 2018-03-29 |
CA2809230A1 (en) | 2012-03-01 |
RU2593789C2 (ru) | 2016-08-10 |
DK2609931T3 (da) | 2020-12-07 |
JP5895535B2 (ja) | 2016-03-30 |
KR20130115098A (ko) | 2013-10-21 |
US20130156859A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
EP2609931B1 (en) | 2020-09-16 |
RU2013113201A (ru) | 2014-10-10 |
BR112013004353B1 (pt) | 2022-04-26 |
US20160038421A1 (en) | 2016-02-11 |
AU2011294244B2 (en) | 2014-06-12 |
MX2013002193A (es) | 2013-03-18 |
JPWO2012026508A1 (ja) | 2013-10-28 |
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