Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D249/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D249/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
  • C07D249/08—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
  • C07D249/10—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
  • A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
  • A01N43/74—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,3
  • A01N43/78—1,3-Thiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-thiazoles
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
  • C07D405/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms

Definitions

• the present invention relates to novel 5-iodo-triazole derivatives, processes for preparing these compounds, compositions containing these compounds, and their use as biologically active compounds, in particular for controlling harmful microorganisms in crop protection and in the protection of materials and as plant growth regulators.
• X is OR 1 , CN or hydrogen
• Y is O, S, SO, S0 2 , -CH 2 - or a direct bond
• n 0 or 1
• n 0 or 1
• R is in each case optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl or aryl,
• R 1 is hydrogen, optionally substituted alkylcarbonyl or trialkylsilyl
• R 2 is hydrogen, halogen or optionally substituted alkyl
• R 3 is hydrogen, halogen or optionally substituted alkyl
• R and R 1 can furthermore together be in each case optionally substituted by halogen, alkyl or halogenoalkyl-substituted C 1 -C 4 -alkylene or C 1 -C 4 -alkyleneoxy, where the oxygen of this group is bonded to R, so that an optionally substituted tetrahydrofuran-2 yl, l, 3-dioxetan-2-yl, l, 3-dioxolan-2-yl, l, 3-dioxan-2-yl or l, 3-dioxepan-2-yl ring is formed,
• R 1 and R 2 may also be a direct bond when n is 1,
• A represents optionally substituted aryl and optionally substituted heteroaryl, and their agrochemically active salts.
• the available salts also have fungicidal and / or plant growth regulatory properties.
• the 5-iodo-triazole derivatives which can be used according to the invention are generally defined by the formula (I). Preferred radical definitions of the above and below formulas are given below. These definitions apply equally to the end products of formula (I) as well as to all intermediates (see also below under “Explanatory Notes on Processes and Intermediates”).
• X is preferably OR 1 .
• Y is preferably 0.
• Y is also preferably -CH 2 -.
• Y is also preferably a direct bond.
• Y is also preferably S or S0 2 .
• Y is particularly preferably oxygen.
• Y is also particularly preferably CH 2 .
• Y is particularly preferably a direct bond.
• m is preferably 0.
• n is preferably 0.
• n is also preferably 1.
• R is preferably in each case optionally branched C 3 -C 7 -alkyl, C 1 -C 6 -halogenoalkyl, C 2 -C 7 -alkenyl, C 2 -C 7 -haloalkenyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy-C 1 -C 3 -alkyl, C 1 -C -haloalkoxy-C 1 -C 3 -alkyl, tri (C 1 -C 3 -alkyl) -silyl-C 1 -C 3 -alkyl, in each case in the cycloalkyl part, if appropriate by halogen, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C 1 -C 4 Haloalkyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy, C 1 -C -haloalkoxy, C 1 -C -haloalkylthio, C 1 -C 4 -alkylthio or phenoxy (which may in
• R particularly preferably represents in each case optionally branched C 3 -C 6 -alkyl, Ci-C 6 haloalkyl, C 3 -C 5 alkenyl, C 3 -C 5 haloalkenyl, Ci-C 3 alkoxy-Ci-C 2 - alkyl, C 1 -C 3 -haloalkoxy-C 1 -C 2 -alkyl, tri (C 1 -C 2 -alkyl) -silyl-C 1 -C 2 -alkyl, in each case in the cycloalkyl part, if appropriate by halogen, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C-haloalkyl, C 1 -C -haloalkoxy, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy, C 1 -C -haloalkylthio, C 1 -C 4 -alkylthio or phenoxy (which may in turn be substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine or
• R is very particularly preferably tert-butyl, isopropyl, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxymethyl, trimethylsilylmethyl, 1-chlorocyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, 1-methylcyclopropyl, 1-methoxycyclopropyl, 1-methylthiocyclopropyl, 1-trifluoromethylcyclopropyl, 1-phenoxycyclopropyl, 1- (2-chlorophenoxy) cyclopropyl, 1- (2-fluorophenoxy) cyclopropyl, 1- (4-fluorophenoxy) cyclopropyl, 1- (2,4-difluorophenoxy) cyclopropyl, (3ii) 4-chloro-2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl, Ci-C-haloalkyl, cyclopropylmethyl, 1-Cycloprop- pylethyl, 2-cyclopropylethyl.
• R 1 preferably represents hydrogen, (Ci-
• R 1 particularly preferably represents hydrogen, methylcarbonyl or trimethylsilyl.
• R 1 very particularly preferably represents hydrogen.
• R 2 preferably represents hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, Ci-C 4 alkyl or Ci-C 4 haloalkyl.
• R 2 particularly preferably represents hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, methyl, ethyl or trifluoromethyl.
• R 2 is very particularly preferably hydrogen or methyl.
• R 3 preferably represents hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, Ci-C 4 alkyl or Ci-C 4 haloalkyl.
• R 3 particularly preferably represents hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, methyl, ethyl or trifluoromethyl.
• R 3 very particularly preferably represents hydrogen or methyl.
• R and R 1 are also preferably together optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, Ci-C-alkyl or the Ci-C-haloalkyl substituted - (CH 2 ) 3-, -CH 2 0-, - (CH 2 ) 2 0-, - (CH 2 ) 3 0-, wherein the oxygen of this group is in each case connected to R, so that an optionally substituted tetrahydrofuran-2-yl, l, 3-dioxetan-2-yl, l, 3 Dioxolan-2-yl or 1, 3-dioxan-2-yl ring is formed.
• R and R 1 are also more preferably together preferably substituted by methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl - (CH 2 ) 2 0-, wherein the oxygen of this group is connected to R, so that an optionally substituted l, 3 Dioxolan-2-yl is formed.
• A is preferably unsubstituted or mono- to trisubstituted by Z 1 phenyl, wherein
• A likewise preferably represents in each case optionally mono- or polysubstituted by Z 2 substituted five- or six-membered heteroaryl selected from furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyridinyl , Pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl and triazinyl, wherein
• Z 2 represents halogen, Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C alkylthio, Ci-C alkoxy, Ci-C haloalkyl, C 1 -C4- Halogenthioalkyl, Ci-C 4 haloalkoxy, C 3 -C 7 - Cycloalkyl, in each case optionally substituted by halogen or Ci-C alkyl-substituted phenyl, phenoxy or phenylthio,
• A likewise preferably represents in each case optionally mono- or polysubstituted by Z 2 substituted five- or six-membered heteroaryl selected from 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, 2-pyrrolyl, 3 -pyrrolyl, 1 -pyrrolyl, 3-pyrazolyl, 4-pyrazolyl, 5-pyrazolyl, 1-pyrazolyl, 1H-imidazol-2-yl, 1H-imidazol-4-yl, 1H-imidazol-5-yl, 1H-imidazol-1-yl, 2 Oxazolyl, 4-oxazolyl, 5-oxazolyl, 2-thiazolyl, 4-thiazolyl, 5-thiazolyl, 3-isoxazolyl, 4-isoxazolyl, 5-isoxazolyl, 3-isothiazolyl, 4-isothiazolyl, 5-isothiazolyl, 1H- l, 2,3-triazol-1-
• Z 2 represents halogen, Ci-C alkyl, Ci-C2-alkylthio, Ci-C 2 alkoxy, Ci-C 2 haloalkyl, Ci-C 2 - Halogenthioalkyl, Ci-C 2 haloalkoxy, C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl, each optionally optionally Halogen or Ci-C 4 alkyl monosubstituted phenyl or phenoxy.
• A is also very particularly preferably in each case optionally mono- or polysubstituted by Z 2 substituted five- or six-membered heteroaryl selected from 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, 2-pyrrolyl, 3-pyrrolyl, 1-pyrrolyl , 3-pyrazolyl, 4-pyrazolyl, 5-pyrazolyl, 2-imidazolyl, 4-imidazolyl, 5-imidazolyl, 2-oxazolyl, 4-oxazolyl, 5-oxazolyl, 2-thiazolyl, 4-thiazolyl, 5-thiazolyl, 3 -Isoxazolyl, 4-isoxazolyl, 5-isoxazolyl, 3-isothiazolyl, 4-isothiazolyl, 5-isothiazolyl, 1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl, 1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl , 1H-l, 2,3-triazol-5-y
• Z 2 is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-, i-, s- or t-butyl, cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, trichloromethyl, difluoromethyl, Difluoromethoxy, difluoromethylthio, dichloromethyl, difluorochloromethyl, difluorochloromethoxy,
• Z 2 also represents phenyl which is substituted by fluorine, chlorine or methyl.
• Halogen (also in combinations such as haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, etc.) fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine;
• Alkyl also in combinations such as alkylthio, alkoxy, etc.) saturated straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, for example Ci-C 6 - alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, 1-methylethyl, butyl, 1-methylpropyl, 2 Methylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylethyl, pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, hexyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methyl - pentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl,
• Haloalkyl (also in combinations such as haloalkylthio, haloalkoxy, etc.) straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms (as mentioned above), wherein in these groups partially or completely the hydrogen atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms as mentioned above, for example Ci-C3 -Haloalkyl such as chloromethyl, bromomethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chlorofluoromethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl, 1-chloroethyl, 1-bromoethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2 Trifluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2-d
• Alkenyl unsaturated, straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and a double bond in any position, for example C 2 -C 5 alkenyl such as ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-methylethenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl , 3-Butenyl, 1-methyl-1-propenyl, 2-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-methyl-2-propenyl, 2-methyl-2-propenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4 Pentenyl, 1-methyl-1-butenyl, 2-methyl-1-butenyl, 3-methyl-1-butenyl, 1-methyl-2-butenyl, 2-methyl-2-butenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 1-methyl-2-butenyl, 2-methyl-2-butenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl , 1-methyl-3-butenyl, 2-methyl-3-buteny
• Cycloalkyl monocyclic saturated hydrocarbon groups having 3 to 8 carbon ring members such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl.
• Aryl unsubstituted or substituted, aromatic, mono-, bi- or tricyclic ring, e.g. Phenyl, naphthyl, anthracenyl (anthryl), phenanthracenyl (phenanthryl).
• Hetaryl unsubstituted or substituted, unsaturated heterocyclic 5- to 7-membered ring containing up to 4 nitrogen atoms or alternatively 1 nitrogen atom and up to 2 further heteroatoms selected from N, O and S: eg 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2 Thienyl, 3-thienyl, 2-pyrrolyl, 3-pyrrolyl, 1-pyrrolyl, 3-pyrazolyl, 4-pyrazolyl, 5-pyrazolyl, 1-pyrazolyl, 1H-imidazol-2-yl, 1H-imidazole-4 yl, 1H-imidazol-5-yl, 1H-imidazol-1-yl, 2-oxazolyl, 4-oxazolyl, 5-oxazolyl, 2-thiazolyl, 4-thiazolyl, 5-thiazolyl, 3-isoxazolyl, 4-isoxazolyl, 5-isoxazol-yl, 3-isothiazolyl, 4-isothiazo
• the 5-iodo-triazole derivatives of the formula (I) can be prepared in different ways. In the following, the possible methods are first shown schematically. Unless indicated otherwise, the radicals given have the meanings given above.
• Y 1 stands for S.
• Y 2 stands for SO or S0 2 .
• the triazole derivatives of the formula (II) required as starting materials for carrying out the process A according to the invention are known and can be prepared in a known manner (cf., EP-A 0 040 345 and EP-A 0 793 657).
• the iodinating agents likewise required in carrying out process A according to the invention are known.
• the process A according to the invention is carried out in the presence of a base.
• a base Suitable for this purpose are the customary inorganic or organic bases, preferably alkali metal hydrides such as sodium or potassium hydride, amides such as sodium amide, sodium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide (Na-HDMS), lithium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide (Li). HDMS), lithium diisopropylamide (LDA), or lithium tetramethylpiperidide (LiTMP), or organometallic compounds such as n-, sec- or tert-butyllithium (n-BuLi, sec-BuLi, tert-BuLi) or phenyllithium.
• alkali metal hydrides such as sodium or potassium hydride
• amides such as sodium amide, sodium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide (Na-HDMS), lithium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide (Li). HDMS), lithium diisopropyl
• Process A according to the invention is customary in the presence of a diluent at temperatures of -78 ° C to + 100 ° C.
• Suitable diluents are preferably ethers such as diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, or hydrocarbons such as benzene, xylene or toluene.
• the reaction according to the invention is preferably carried out under inert gas, in particular nitrogen or argon.
• oxidizing agents in particular peroxides or peracids (for example hydrogen peroxide or meta-chloroperbenzoic acid).
• the process B according to the invention is usually carried out in the presence of a diluent, e.g. Dichloromethane at temperatures from -20 ° C to + 100 ° C carried out.
• a diluent e.g. Dichloromethane
• the 5-iodo-triazole derivatives of the general formula (I) according to the invention can be converted into acid addition salts or metal salt complexes.
• acid addition salts of the compounds of the general formula (I) preference is given to the following acids: hydrohalic acids, such as e.g. Hydrochloric and hydrobromic acids, especially hydrochloric acid, also phosphoric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, mono- and bifunctional carboxylic acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. Acetic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, salicylic acid, sorbic acid, lactic acid, and sulfonic acids, e.g. p-toluenesulfonic acid and 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonic acid.
• hydrohalic acids such as e.g. Hydrochloric and hydrobromic acids, especially hydrochloric acid, also phosphoric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric
• the acid addition salts of the compounds of the general formula (I) can be prepared in a simple manner by customary salt-forming methods, e.g. by dissolving a compound of general formula (I) in a suitable inert solvent and adding the acid, e.g. Hydrochloric acid, and in a known manner, e.g. by filtration, isolated and optionally purified by washing with an inert organic solvent.
• customary salt-forming methods e.g. by dissolving a compound of general formula (I) in a suitable inert solvent and adding the acid, e.g. Hydrochloric acid, and in a known manner, e.g. by filtration, isolated and optionally purified by washing with an inert organic solvent.
• salts of metals of the IIth to IVth main groups and of the 1st and 2nd and IVth to VIIIth subgroups of the Periodic Table where copper, zinc, Manganese, magnesium, tin, iron and nickel are exemplified.
• Suitable anions of the salts are those which are preferably derived from the following acids: hydrohalic acids, e.g. Hydrochloric acid and hydrobromic acid, further phosphoric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid.
• the metal salt complexes of compounds of the general formula (I) can be obtained in a simple manner by customary processes, for example by dissolving the metal salt in alcohol, for example ethanol and adding add to the compound of general formula I. It is possible to isolate metal salt complexes in a known manner, for example by filtration and optionally purified by recrystallization.
• the present invention further relates to a crop protection agent for controlling unwanted microorganisms, in particular unwanted fungi, comprising the active compounds according to the invention.
• a crop protection agent for controlling unwanted microorganisms, in particular unwanted fungi, comprising the active compounds according to the invention.
• Preference is given to fungicidal compositions which contain agriculturally useful auxiliaries, solvents, carriers, surface-active substances or extenders.
• the invention relates to a method for controlling unwanted microorganisms, characterized in that the active compounds according to the invention are applied to the phytopathogenic fungi and / or their habitat.
• the carrier means a natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic substance with which the active ingredients for better applicability, v. A. for application to plants or plant parts or seeds, mixed or combined.
• the carrier which may be solid or liquid, is generally inert and should be useful in agriculture.
• Suitable solid or liquid carriers are: e.g. Ammonium salts and ground natural minerals, such as kaolins, clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth, and ground synthetic minerals, such as highly-dispersed silicic acid, alumina and natural or synthetic silicates, resins, waxes, solid fertilizers, water, alcohols, especially butanol, organic solvents, mineral and vegetable oils and derivatives thereof. Mixtures of such carriers can also be used.
• Suitable solid carriers for granules are: e.g.
• Cracked and fractionated natural rocks such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite, dolomite and synthetic granules of inorganic and organic flours and granules of organic material such as sawdust, coconut shells, corn cobs and tobacco stems.
• Suitable liquefied gaseous diluents or carriers are those liquids which are gaseous at normal temperature and under normal pressure, e.g. Aerosol propellants, such as halogenated hydrocarbons, as well as butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
• Aerosol propellants such as halogenated hydrocarbons, as well as butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
• Adhesives such as carboxymethylcellulose, natural and synthetic powdery, granular or latex-type polymers can be used in the formulations, such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, natural phospholipids such as cephalins and lecithins, and synthetic phospholipids.
• Other additives may be mineral and vegetable oils.
• organic solvents can also be used as auxiliary solvents.
• Suitable liquid solvents are essentially: aromatics, such as xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes or dichloromethane, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexane or paraffins, for example petroleum fractions, mineral and vegetable oils, alcohols, such as Butanol or glycol and their ethers and esters, ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and water.
• aromatics such as xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalenes
• chlorinated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene
• compositions of the invention may additionally contain other ingredients, such as surfactants.
• Suitable surface-active substances are emulsifying and / or foam-forming agents, dispersants or wetting agents having ionic or nonionic properties or mixtures of these surface-active substances.
• Examples thereof are salts of polyacrylic acid, salts of lignosulphonic acid, salts of phenolsulphonic acid or naphthalenesulphonic acid, polycondensates of ethylene oxide with fatty alcohols or with fatty acids or with fatty amines, substituted phenols (preferably alkylphenols or arylphenols), salts of sulphosuccinic acid esters, taurine derivatives (preferably alkyl taurates), phosphoric esters of polyethoxylated alcohols or phenols, fatty acid esters of polyols, and derivatives of the compounds containing sulphates, sulphonates and phosphates, for example alkylarylpolyglycol ethers, alkylsulphonates, alkylsulphates, arylsulphonates, protein hydrolysates, lignin sulphite liquors and methylcellulose.
• the presence of a surfactant is necessary when one of the active ingredients and / or one of
• Dyes such as inorganic pigments, e.g. Iron oxide, titanium oxide, ferrocyan blue and organic dyes such as alizarin, azo and metal phthalocyanine dyes and trace nutrients such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc.
• inorganic pigments e.g. Iron oxide, titanium oxide, ferrocyan blue and organic dyes such as alizarin, azo and metal phthalocyanine dyes and trace nutrients such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc.
• additional components may also be included, e.g. protective colloids, binders, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropic substances, penetration enhancers, stabilizers, sequestering agents, complexing agents.
• the active ingredients can be combined with any solid or liquid additive commonly used for formulation purposes.
• the agents and formulations according to the invention contain between 0.05 and 99% by weight, 0.01 and 98% by weight, preferably between 0.1 and 95% by weight, particularly preferably between 0.5 and 90%. Active ingredient, most preferably between 10 and 70 weight percent.
• the active compounds or compositions according to the invention can be used as such or as a function of their physical and / or chemical properties in the form of their formulations or the use forms prepared therefrom, such as aerosols, capsule suspensions, cold mist concentrates, hot mist concentrates, encapsulated granules, fine granules, flowable concentrates for the treatment of seed, ready-to-use solutions, dustable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, oil-in-water emulsions, water-in-oil emulsions, macrogranules, microgranules, oil-dispersible powders, oil-miscible flowable concentrates, oil-miscible liquids, foams, pastes, pesticide coated seed, suspension concentrates, suspension emulsions concentrates, soluble concentrates, suspensions, wettable powders, soluble powders, dusts and granules, water-soluble granules or tablets, water-soluble powders for seed treatment, wettable powder
• the formulations mentioned can be prepared in a manner known per se, for example by mixing the active compounds with at least one customary diluent, solvent or diluent, emulsifier, dispersant. pergender and / or binding or fixing agent, wetting agent, water repellent, optionally siccative and UV stabilizers and optionally dyes and pigments, defoamers, preservatives, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and other processing aids.
• compositions according to the invention comprise not only formulations which are already ready for use and which can be applied to the plant or the seed with a suitable apparatus, but also commercial concentrates which have to be diluted with water before use.
• the active compounds according to the invention as such or in their (commercial) formulations and in the formulations prepared from these formulations in admixture with other (known) agents such as insecticides, attractants, sterilants, bactericides, acaricides, nematicides, fungicides, growth regulators, herbicides, fertilizers , Safeners or semiochemicals.
• other agents such as insecticides, attractants, sterilants, bactericides, acaricides, nematicides, fungicides, growth regulators, herbicides, fertilizers , Safeners or semiochemicals.
• the treatment according to the invention of the plants and plant parts with the active ingredients or agents is carried out directly or by acting on their environment, habitat or storage space according to the usual treatment methods, e.g. by dipping, (spraying) spraying, spraying, sprinkling, evaporation, atomizing, atomizing, sprinkling, foaming, brushing, spreading, pouring, droplet irrigation, and propagating material, in particular seed Furthermore, by dry pickling, wet pickling, slurry pickling, encrusting, single or multi-layer wrapping, etc. It is also possible to apply the active ingredients by the ultra-low-volume method or to inject the active ingredient preparation or the active ingredient itself into the soil.
• the invention further comprises a method of treating seed.
• the invention further relates to seed which has been treated according to one of the methods described in the previous paragraph.
• the seeds according to the invention are used in methods for the protection of seed from undesirable microorganisms. In these, a seed treated with at least one active ingredient according to the invention is used.
• the active compounds or compositions according to the invention are also suitable for the treatment of seed.
• Much of the crop damage caused by harmful organisms is caused by infestation of the seed during storage or after sowing, and during and after germination of the plant. This phase is particularly critical because the roots and shoots of the growing plant are particularly sensitive and may cause only a small damage to the death of the plant. There is therefore a great interest in protecting the seed and the germinating plant by using suitable means.
• the control of phytopathogenic fungi by the treatment of the seed of plants has long been known and is the subject of constant improvement. Nevertheless, there are a number of problems in the treatment of seeds that can not always be satisfactorily resolved.
• methods of protecting the seed and the germinating plant which eliminate or at least significantly reduce the additional application of crop protection agents after sowing or after emergence of the plants. It is further desirable, the amount of the active ingredient used to that effect to optimize that the seed and the germinating plant are best protected against attack by phytopathogenic fungi, but without damaging the plant itself by the active ingredient used.
• methods for treating seed should also include the intrinsic fungicidal properties of transgenic plants in order to achieve optimum protection of the seed and the germinating plant with a minimum of pesticide use.
• the present invention therefore also relates to a method of protecting seed and germinating plants from the infestation of phytopathogenic fungi by treating the seed with an agent according to the invention.
• the invention also relates to the use of the seed treatment agents of the invention for protecting the seed and the germinating plant from phytopathogenic fungi.
• the invention relates to seed which has been treated with an agent according to the invention for protection against phytopathogenic fungi.
• One of the advantages of the present invention is that due to the particular systemic properties of the active compounds or compositions according to the invention, the treatment of the seeds with these active ingredients or agents protects not only the seed itself, but also the resulting plants after emergence from phytopathogenic fungi , In this way, the immediate treatment of the culture at the time of sowing or shortly afterwards can be omitted.
• the active compounds or agents according to the invention can also be used in particular in the case of transgenic seed, wherein the plant growing from this seed is capable of expressing a protein which acts against pests.
• the active compounds or agents according to the invention By treating such seeds with the active compounds or agents according to the invention, it is possible to combat pests already determined by the expression of, for example, insecticidal protein.
• a further synergistic effect can be observed, which additionally increases the effectiveness for protection against pest infestation.
• compositions according to the invention are suitable for the protection of seed of any plant variety used in agriculture, in the greenhouse, in forests or in horticulture and viticulture.
• these are seeds of cereals (such as wheat, barley, rye, triticale, millet and oats), corn, cotton, soybean, rice, potatoes, sunflower, bean, coffee, turnip (eg sugarbeet and fodder beet), peanut, Rapeseed, poppy, olive, coconut, cocoa, sugarcane, tobacco, vegetables (such as tomato, cucumber, onions and lettuce), turf and ornamental plants (see also below).
• cereals such as wheat, barley, rye, triticale, millet and oats
• corn such as wheat, barley, rye, triticale, millet and oats
• cotton, soybean, rice, potatoes sunflower, bean, coffee, turnip (eg sugarbeet and fodder beet)
• peanut, Rapeseed poppy, olive, coconut, cocoa
• transgenic seed As also described below, the treatment of transgenic seed with the active compounds or agents according to the invention is of particular importance.
• the heterologous gene in transgenic seed can be derived, for example, from microorganisms of the species Bacillus, Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Trichoderma, Clavibacter, Glomus or Gliocladium.
• this heterologous gene is derived from Bacillus sp., Wherein the gene product has an activity against the European corn borer and / or Western Com Rootworm.
• the heterologous gene is from Bacillus thuringiensis.
• the agent according to the invention is applied to the seed alone or in a suitable formulation.
• the seed is treated in a condition that is so stable that no damage occurs during the treatment.
• the treatment of the seed can be done at any time between harvesting and sowing.
• seed is used which has been separated from the plant and freed from flasks, shells, stems, hull, wool or pulp.
• seeds may be used which have been harvested, cleaned and dried to a moisture content of less than 15% by weight.
• seed may also be used which, after drying, e.g. treated with water and then dried again.
• the agents according to the invention can be applied directly, ie without containing further components and without being diluted.
• suitable formulations and methods for seed treatment are known to those skilled in the art and are described e.g. in the following documents: US 4,272,417, US 4,245,432, US 4,808,430, US 5,876,739, US 2003/0176428 AI, WO 2002/080675, WO 2002/028186.
• the active compounds which can be used according to the invention can be converted into the customary seed dressing formulations, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, slurries or other seed coating compositions, as well as ULV formulations.
• These formulations are prepared in a known manner by mixing the active ingredients with conventional additives, such as conventional extenders and solvents or diluents, dyes, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, defoamers, preservatives, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and water.
• Dyes which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all dyes customary for such purposes. Both are sparingly soluble in water Pigments as well as water-soluble dyes. Examples which may be mentioned are the dyes known under the names Rhodamine B, CI Pigment Red 112 and CI Solvent Red 1.
• Suitable wetting agents which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all wetting-promoting substances customary for the formulation of agrochemical active compounds. Preference is given to using alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, such as diisopropyl or diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonates.
• Suitable dispersants and / or emulsifiers which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all nonionic, anionic and cationic dispersants customary for the formulation of agrochemical active compounds.
• Preferably usable are nonionic or anionic dispersants or mixtures of nonionic or anionic dispersants.
• Particularly suitable nonionic dispersants are, in particular, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide, block polymers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers and tristryrylphenol polyglycol ethers and their phosphated or sulfated derivatives.
• Suitable anionic dispersants are in particular lignosulfonates, polyacrylic acid salts and arylsulfonate-formaldehyde condensates.
• Defoamers which may be present in the seed-dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all foam-inhibiting substances customary for the formulation of agrochemical active compounds.
• Preferably usable are silicone defoamers and magnesium stearate.
• Preservatives which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all substances which can be used for such purposes in agrochemical compositions. Examples include dichlorophen and Benzylalkoholhemiformal.
• Suitable secondary thickeners which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all substances which can be used for such purposes in agrochemical compositions. Preference is given to cellulose derivatives, acrylic acid derivatives, xanthan, modified clays and finely divided silica.
• Suitable adhesives which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all customary binders which can be used in pickling agents. Polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and Tylose are preferably mentioned.
• the gibberellins are known (see R. Wegler "Chemie der convinced- und Swdlingsbekungsstoff", Vol. 2, Springer Verlag, 1970, pp. 401-412).
• the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention can be used, either directly or after prior dilution with water, for the treatment of seed of various kinds, including seed of various types. generous plants. In this case, additional synergistic effects may occur in interaction with the substances formed by expression.
• the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention or the preparations prepared therefrom by the addition of water
• all mixing devices which can usually be used for the dressing can be considered. Specifically, in the pickling procedure, the seed is placed in a mixer which adds either desired amount of seed dressing formulations either as such or after prior dilution with water and mixes until evenly distributed the formulation on the seed.
• a drying process follows.
• the active compounds or compositions according to the invention have a strong microbicidal action and can be employed for controlling unwanted microorganisms, such as fungi and bacteria, in crop protection and in the protection of materials.
• Fungicides can be used for the control of Plasmodiophoromycetes, Oomycetes, Chytriomycetes, Zygomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes.
• Bactericides can be used in crop protection to control Pseudomonadaceae, Rhizobiaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Corynebacteriaceae and Streptomycetaceae.
• the fungicidal compositions according to the invention can be used curatively or protectively for controlling phytopathogenic fungi.
• the invention therefore also relates to curative and protective methods for controlling phytopathogenic fungi by the use of the active compounds or agents according to the invention, which is applied to the seed, the plant or plant parts, the fruits or the soil in which the plants grow.
• compositions of the invention for controlling phytopathogenic fungi in crop protection comprise an effective but non-phytotoxic amount of the active compounds of the invention.
• Effective but non-phytotoxic amount means an amount of the agent of the invention sufficient to sufficiently control the fungal disease of the plant This rate of application may generally vary within a wide range, depending on a number of factors, such as the fungus, the plant to be controlled, the climatic conditions, and the level of toxicity Ingredients of the compositions of the invention.
• the good plant tolerance of the active ingredients in the necessary concentrations for controlling plant diseases allows treatment of aboveground plant parts, of plant and seed, and the soil.
• plants and parts of plants can be treated.
• plants are understood as meaning all plants and plant populations, such as desired and undesired wild plants or crop plants (including naturally occurring crop plants).
• Crop plants may be plants produced by conventional breeding and optimization methods or by biotechnological and genetic technological methods or combinations of these methods can be obtained, including transgenic plants and including those protected by plant breeders' rights or non-protectable plant varieties.
• Plant parts are to be understood as meaning all aboveground and subterranean parts and organs of the plants, such as shoot, leaf, flower and root, examples of which include leaves, needles, stems, stems, flowers, fruiting bodies, fruits and seeds, and roots, tubers and rhizomes.
• the plant parts also include crops and vegetative and generative propagation material, such as cuttings, tubers, rhizomes, offshoots and seeds.
• the active compounds according to the invention are suitable for good plant tolerance, favorable warm-blooded toxicity and good environmental compatibility for the protection of plants and plant organs, for increasing crop yields, improving the quality of the harvested crop. They can preferably be used as crop protection agents. They are effective against normally sensitive and resistant species as well as against all or individual stages of development.
• plants which can be treated according to the invention mention may be made of the following: cotton, flax, grapevine, fruits, vegetables, such as Rosaceae sp. (for example, pomegranates such as apple and pear, but also drupes such as apricots, cherries, almonds and peaches and soft fruits such as strawberries), R ⁇ besioidae sp. , Juglandaceae sp. , Betulaceae sp. , Anacardiaceae sp. , Fagaceae sp. , Moraceae sp. , Oleaceae sp., Actinidaceae sp.
• Rosaceae sp. for example, pomegranates such as apple and pear, but also drupes such as apricots, cherries, almonds and peaches and soft fruits such as strawberries
• R ⁇ besioidae sp. Juglandaceae sp.
• Lauraceae sp. Musaceae sp. (for example, banana trees and plantations), Rubicaceae sp. (for example, coffee), Theaceae sp., Sterculiceae sp., Rutaceae sp. (for example, lemons, organs and grapefruit); Solanaceae sp. (for example tomatoes), Liliaceae sp., Aster aceae sp. (for example, lettuce), Umbelliferae sp., Cruciferae sp., Chenopodiaceae sp., Cucurbitaceae sp. (for example cucumber), A llaceae sp.
• Main crops such as Gramineae sp. (for example corn, turf, cereals such as wheat, rye, rice, barley, oats, millet and triticale), Poaceae sp. (e.g., sugarcane), Asteraceae sp. (for example sunflower), Brassicaceae sp. (for example, white cabbage, red cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, pak choi, kohlrabi, radishes and rapeseed, mustard, horseradish and cress), Fabacae sp. (for example, bean, peanuts), Papilionaceae sp.
• Gramineae sp. for example corn, turf, cereals such as wheat, rye, rice, barley, oats, millet and triticale
• Poaceae sp. e.g., sugarcane
• Asteraceae sp. for example sunflower
• Brassicaceae sp. for example
• Solanaceae sp. for example potatoes
• Chenopodiaceae sp. for example, sugar beet, fodder beet, Swiss chard, beet
• Useful plants and ornamental plants in the garden and forest and each genetically modified species of these plants.
• plants and their parts can be treated.
• wild-type or plant species obtained by conventional biological breeding methods such as crossing or protoplast fusion, and plant cultivars and their parts are treated.
• transgenic plants and plant cultivars obtained by genetic engineering if appropriate in combination with conventional methods (Genetically Modified Organisms), and parts thereof are treated.
• the term "parts” or “parts of plants” or “parts of plants” has been explained above.
• Propes of the respective commercially available or in use plant varieties are particularly preferably treated according to the invention.
• PV plants are understood as meaning plants with new properties ("traits") both by conventional breeding, by Mutagenesis or by recombinant DNA techniques have been bred. These may be varieties, breeds, biotypes and genotypes.
• the treatment method of the invention may be used for the treatment of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), e.g. As plants or seeds are used.
• GMOs genetically modified organisms
• Genetically modified plants are plants in which a heterologous gene has been stably integrated into the genome.
• heterologous gene essentially means a gene which is provided or assimilated outside the plant and which, when introduced into the nuclear genome, the chloroplast genome or the mitochondrialoma of the transformed plant, thereby gives new or improved agronomic or other properties, that it expresses a protein or polypeptide of interest or that it downregulates or shuts down another gene present in the plant or other genes present in the plant (for example by antisense technology, cosuppression technology or RNAi technology [RNA Interfe A heterologous gene present in the genome is also called a transgene, and a transgene defined by its specific presence in the plant genome is called a transformation or transgenic event, depending on the plant species or plant varieties, their location and their growing conditions (Böd en, climate, vegetation period, nutrition), the treatment according to the invention can also lead to over-additive (“synergistic”) effects.
• the following effects are possible, which go beyond the expected effects: reduced application rates and / or extended spectrum of action and / or increased efficacy of the active ingredients and compositions that can be used according to the invention, better plant growth, increased tolerance to high or low temperatures, increased tolerance to dryness or water or soil salt content, increased flowering efficiency, harvest relief, ripening, higher yields, larger fruits, greater plant height, intense green color of the leaf, earlier flowering, higher quality and / or higher nutritional value of the crop, higher Sugar concentration in fruits, better shelf life and / or processability of harvested products.
• the active compounds according to the invention can also exert a strengthening effect on plants.
• Plant-strengthening (resistance-inducing) substances in the present context should also mean those substances or combinations of substances which are capable of stimulating the plant defense system in such a way that the treated plants, when subsequently inoculated with undesirable phytopathogenic fungi, have a considerable degree of resistance to these undesirable phytopathogenic fungi.
• the substances according to the invention can therefore be used for the protection of plants against attack by the mentioned pathogens within a certain period of time after the treatment.
• the period of time over which a protective effect is achieved generally extends from 1 to 10 days, preferably 1 to 7 days, after the treatment of the plants with the active substances.
• Plants and plant varieties which are preferably treated according to the invention include all plants, which have genetic material that gives these plants particularly beneficial, beneficial characteristics (whether achieved through breeding and / or biotechnology).
• Plants and plant varieties which are also preferably treated according to the invention are resistant to one or more biotic stressors, i. H. These plants have an improved defense against animal and microbial pests such as nematodes, insects, mites, phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, viruses and / or viroids.
• Plants and plant varieties which can also be treated according to the invention are those plants which are resistant to one or more abiotic stress factors.
• Abiotic stress conditions may include, for example, drought, cold and heat conditions, osmotic stress, waterlogging, increased soil salinity, increased exposure to minerals, ozone conditions, high light conditions, limited availability of nitrogen nutrients, limited availability of phosphorous nutrients, or avoidance of shade.
• Plants and plant varieties which can also be treated according to the invention are those plants which are characterized by increased yield properties.
• An increased yield can in these plants z. B. based on improved plant physiology, improved plant growth and improved plant development, such as water efficiency, water retention efficiency, improved nitrogen utilization, increased carbon assimilation, improved photosynthesis, increased germination and accelerated Abreife.
• the yield may be further influenced by improved plant architecture (under stress and non-stress conditions), including early flowering, control of flowering for hybrid seed production, seedling growth, plant size, internode count and spacing, root growth, seed size, fruit size, Pod size, pod or ear number, number of seeds per pod or ear, seed mass, increased seed filling, reduced seed drop, reduced pod popping and stability.
• Other yield-related traits include seed composition such as carbohydrate content, protein content, oil content and composition, nutritional value, reduction of nontoxic compounds, improved processability, and improved shelf life.
• Plants which can be treated according to the invention are hybrid plants which already express the properties of the heterosis or the hybrid effect, which generally leads to higher yield, higher vigor, better health and better resistance to biotic and abiotic stress factors.
• Such plants are typically produced by crossing an inbred male sterile parental line (the female crossover partner) with another inbred male fertile parent line (the male crossbred partner).
• the hybrid seed is typically harvested from the male sterile plants and sold to propagators.
• Pollen sterile plants can sometimes be produced (eg in maize) by delaving (ie mechanical removal of the male reproductive organs or the male flowers); however, it is more common for male sterility to be due to genetic determinants in the plant genome.
• Pollen sterile plants can also be obtained using plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering.
• a particularly convenient means of producing male-sterile plants is described in WO 89/10396, wherein, for example, a ribonuclease such as a barnase is selectively expressed in the stamen cells in the stamens.
• the fertility can then be restorated by expression of a ribonuclease inhibitor such as barstar in the tapetum cells.
• Plants or plant varieties obtained by methods of plant biotechnology, such as genetic engineering which can be treated according to the invention are herbicide-tolerant plants, i. H. Plants tolerant to one or more given herbicides. Such plants can be obtained either by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing a mutation conferring such herbicide tolerance.
• Herbicide-tolerant plants are, for example, glyphosate-tolerant plants, i. H. Plants tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate or its salts.
• glyphosate-tolerant plants can be obtained by transforming the plant with a gene encoding the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS).
• EPSPS 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase
• EPSPS 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase
• EPSPS genes are the AroA gene (mutant CT7) of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium, the CP4 gene of the bacterium Agrobacterium sp., The genes for a EPSPS from the petunia, for a EPSPS from the tomato or for a Encoding EPSPS from Eleusine.
• Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by expressing a gene encoding a glyphosate oxidoreductase enzyme. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by expressing a gene encoding a glyphosate acetyltransferase enzyme. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by selecting plants which select naturally occurring mutations of the above mentioned genes.
• herbicidally resistant plants are, for example, plants which have been tolerated against herbicides which inhibit the enzyme glutamine synthase, such as bialaphos, phosphinotricin or glufosinate.
• Such plants can be obtained by expressing an enzyme which detoxifies the herbicide or a mutant of the enzyme glutamine synthase, which is resistant to inhibition.
• an effective detoxifying enzyme is, for example, an enzyme encoding a phosphinotricin acetyltransferase (such as the bar or pat protein from Streptomyces species). Plants expressing an exogenous phosphinotricin acetyltransferase have been described.
• hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase HPPD
• the hydroxyphenylpyruvate di-oxygenases are enzymes which inhibit the reaction in which para-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP) is homo- gentisat is implemented, catalyze.
• Plants tolerant of HPPD inhibitors may be transformed with a gene encoding a naturally occurring resistant HPPD enzyme or a gene encoding an imitated HPPD enzyme.
• Tolerance to HPPD inhibitors can also be achieved by transforming plants with genes encoding certain enzymes that allow the formation of homogentisate despite inhibition of the native HPPD enzyme by the HPPD inhibitor.
• the tolerance of plants to HPPD inhibitors can also be improved by transforming plants with a gene encoding a prephenate dehydrogenase enzyme in addition to a gene encoding an HPPD-tolerant enzyme.
• ALS inhibitors include sulfonylurea, imidazolinone, triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidinyloxy (thio) benzoates and / or sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone herbicides.
• ALS also known as acetohydroxy acid synthase, AHAS
• AHAS acetohydroxy acid synthase
• plants tolerant to imidazolinone and / or sulfonylurea can be obtained by induced mutagenesis, selection in cell cultures in the presence of the herbicide or by mutation breeding.
• Plants or plant varieties obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which can also be treated according to the invention are insect-resistant transgenic plants, i. Plants that have been made resistant to attack by certain target insects. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing a mutation conferring such insect resistance.
• the term "insect-resistant transgenic plant” as used herein includes any plant containing at least one transgene comprising a coding sequence encoding:
• insecticidal crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or an insecticide part thereof, such as the insecticidal crystal proteins found online at:
• a Bacillus thuringiensis crystal protein or a part thereof which is insecticidal in the presence of a second crystal protein other than Bacillus thuringiensis or a part thereof, such as the binary toxin consisting of the crystal proteins Cy34 and Cy35; or
• an insecticidal hybrid protein comprising parts of two different insecticides crystal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis, such as a hybrid of the proteins of 1) above or a Hyb- from the proteins of 2) above, e.g. The protein CrylA.105 produced by the corn event MON98034 (WO 2007/027777); or
• a secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus which is insecticidal in the presence of a second secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or B. cereus, such as the binary toxin consisting of the proteins VIP1A and VIP2A.
• an insecticidal hybrid protein comprising parts of various secreted proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus, such as a hybrid of the proteins of 1) or a hybrid of the proteins of 2) above; or
• 8) a protein according to any of items 1) to 3) above, in which some, in particular 1 to 10, amino acids have been replaced by another amino acid in order to achieve a higher insecticidal activity against a target insect species and / or the spectrum of the corresponding To expand target insect species and / or due to changes induced in the coding DNA during cloning or transformation (preserving the coding for an insecticidal protein), such as the protein VIP3Aa in cotton event COT 102.
• insect-resistant transgenic plants in the present context also include any plant comprising a combination of genes encoding the proteins of any of the above classes 1 to 8.
• an insect resistant plant contains more than one transgene encoding a protein of any one of the above 1 to 8 in order to extend the spectrum of the corresponding target insect species or to delay the development of insect resistance to the plants thereby that one uses different proteins that are insecticidal for the same target insect species, but have a different mode of action, such as binding to different receptor binding sites in the insect.
• Plants or plant varieties which can also be treated according to the invention, are tolerant of abiotic stressors. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing a mutation conferring such stress resistance. Particularly useful plants with stress tolerance include the following: a. Plants which contain a transgene which is able to reduce the expression and / or activity of the gene for the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in the plant cells or plants.
• PARP poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase
• Plants which contain a stress tolerance-enhancing transgene encoding a plant-functional enzyme of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide salvage biosynthetic pathway including nicotinamidase, nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase, nicotinic acid mononucleotide adenyltransferase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthetase or nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase.
• Plants or plant varieties obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering which can also be treated according to the invention have a changed amount, quality and / or storability of the harvested product and / or altered characteristics of certain components of the harvested product, such as:
• Transgenic plants which synthesize a modified starch with respect to their chemical-physical properties, in particular the amylose content or the amylose / amylopectin ratio, the degree of branching, the average chain length, the distribution of the side chains, the viscosity behavior, the gel strength, the starch grain size and / or starch grain morphology is altered in comparison to the synthesized starch in wild-type plant cells or plants, so that this modified starch is better suited for certain applications.
• Transgenic plants that synthesize non-starch carbohydrate polymers or non-starch carbohydrate polymers whose properties are altered compared to wild-type plants without genetic modification. Examples are plants that produce polyfructose, particularly of the inulin and levan type, plants that produce alpha-1,4-glucans, plants that produce alpha-1,6-branched alpha-1,4-glucans, and plants that produce Produce alternan.
• Plants or plant varieties obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering, which can also be treated according to the invention, are plants such as cotton plants with altered fiber properties. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing a mutation conferring such altered fiber properties; these include:
• plants such as cotton plants, containing an altered form of cellulose synthase genes
• plants such as cotton plants, containing an altered form of rsw2 or rsw3 homologous nucleic acids
• plants such as cotton plants having increased expression of sucrose phosphate synthase
• plants such as cotton plants with increased expression of sucrose synthase
• plants such as cotton plants in which the timing of the passage control of the Plasmodesmen is changed at the base of the fiber cell, z.
• plants By down-regulating the fiber-selective ⁇ -1,3-glucanase; f) plants such as cotton plants with modified reactivity fibers, e.g. By expression of the N-acetylglucosamine transferase gene, including nodC, and chitin synthase genes.
• Plants or plant varieties obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering, which can also be treated according to the invention, are plants such as oilseed rape or related Brassica plants with altered oil composition properties. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing a mutation conferring such altered oil properties; these include:
• plants such as oilseed rape plants, which produce oil of high oleic acid content
• plants such as oilseed rape plants, which produce oil with a low linolenic acid content.
• plants such as rape plants that produce oil with a low saturated fatty acid content.
• transgenic plants which can be treated according to the invention are plants with one or more genes coding for one or more toxins, the transgenic plants offered under the following commercial names: YIELD GARD® (for example maize, cotton, Soybeans), KnockOut® (for example corn), BiteGard® (for example maize), BT-Xtra® (for example corn), StarLink® (for example maize), Bollgard® (cotton), Nucotn® (cotton), Nucotn 33B® (cotton), NatureGard® (for example corn), Protecta® and NewLeaf® (potato).
• YIELD GARD® for example maize, cotton, Soybeans
• KnockOut® for example corn
• BiteGard® for example maize
• BT-Xtra® for example corn
• StarLink® for example maize
• Bollgard® cotton
• Nucotn® cotton
• Nucotn 33B® cotton
• NatureGard® for example corn
• Protecta® and NewLeaf® pot
• Herbicide-tolerant crops to be mentioned are, for example, corn, cotton and soybean varieties sold under the following tradenames: Roundup Ready® (glyphosate tolerance, for example corn, cotton, soybean), Liberty Link® (phosphinotricin tolerance, for example rapeseed) , IMI® (imidazoline tolerance) and SCS® (sulfonylurea tolerance), for example corn.
• Herbicide-resistant plants (plants traditionally grown for herbicide tolerance) to be mentioned include the varieties sold under the name Clearfield® (for example corn).
• transgenic plants that can be treated according to the invention are plants that contain transformation events, or a combination of transformation events, and that are listed, for example, in the files of various national or regional authorities (see, for example, http: // /gmoinfo.jrc.it/gmp_browse.aspx and http://www.agbios.com/dbase.php).
• the active compounds or compositions according to the invention can also be used in the protection of materials for the protection of industrial materials against infestation and destruction by undesired microorganisms, such as e.g. Mushrooms and insects, are used. Furthermore, the compounds according to the invention can be used alone or in combinations with other active substances as antifouling agents.
• Technical materials as used herein mean non-living materials that have been prepared for use in the art.
• technical materials which are to be protected from microbial alteration or destruction by active compounds according to the invention may contain adhesives, glues, paper, wallboard and cardboard, textiles, carpets, leather, wood, paints and plastics. articles, coolants and other materials that can be attacked or decomposed by microorganisms.
• the materials to be protected also include parts of production plants and buildings, eg cooling water circuits, cooling and heating systems and ventilation and air conditioning systems, which may be affected by the proliferation of microorganisms.
• technical materials which may be mentioned are preferably adhesives, glues, papers and cartons, leather, wood, paints, cooling lubricants and heat transfer fluids, particularly preferably wood.
• the active compounds or compositions according to the invention can prevent adverse effects such as decay, deterioration, decomposition, discoloration or mold.
• the compounds of the invention for protection against fouling of objects in particular of hulls, screens, nets, structures, quays and signal systems, which come in contact with seawater or brackish water, can be used.
• Storage Goods are understood natural substances of plant or animal origin or their processing products, which were taken from nature and for long-term protection is desired
• Storage goods of plant origin such as plants or plant parts, such as stems, leaves, tubers, seeds , Fruits, grains, can be protected in freshly harvested condition or after processing by (pre-) drying, wetting, crushing, grinding, pressing or roasting
• Storage Goods also includes timber, whether unprocessed, such as timber, power poles and barriers, or in the form of finished products, such as furniture, storage goods of animal origin are, for example, skins, leather, furs and hair.
• the active compounds according to the invention can prevent disadvantageous effects such as decay, deterioration, disintegration, discoloration or mold.
• Blumeria species such as Blumeria graminis
• Podosphaera species such as Podosphaera leucotricha
• Sphaerotheca species such as Sphaerotheca fuliginea
• Uncinula species such as Uncinula necator
• Gymnosporangium species such as Gymnosporangium sabinae
• Hemileia species such as Hemileia vastatrix
• Phakopsora species such as Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsora meibomiae
• Puccinia species such as Puccinia recondita, Puccinia graminis, Puccinia striiformis or Puccinia triticina
• Uromyces species such as Uromyces appendiculatus
• Albugo species such as Albugo Candida
• Bremia species such as Bremia lactucae
• Peronospora species such as Peronospora pisi or P. brassicae
• Phytophthora species such as Phytophthora infestans
• Plas- mopara species such as Plasmopara viticola
• Pseudoperonospora species such as, for example, Pseudoperonospora humuli or Pseudoperonospora cubensis
• Pythium species such as Pythium ultimum
• Pythium species such as Pythium ultimum
• Corticium species such as Corticium granearum
• Fusarium species such as Fusarium oxysporum
• Gaeumannomyces species such as Gaeumannomyces graminis
• Plasmodiophora species such as Plasmodiophora brassicae
• Ear and panicle diseases caused by e.g. Alternaria species, such as Alternaria spp .; Aspergillus species, such as Aspergillus flavus; Cladosporium species, such as Cladosporium cladosporioides; Claviceps species, such as Claviceps purpurea; Fusarium species such as Fusarium culmorum; Gibberella species, such as Gibberella zeae; Monographella species such as Monographella nivalis;
• Sphacelotheca species such as, for example, Sphace- lotheca reiliana
• Tilletia species such as Tilletia caries, T. controversa
• Urocystis species such as Urocystis occulta
• Ustilago species such as Ustilago nuda, U. nuda tritici
• Verticilium species such as Verticilium alboatrum
• Verticillium species such as Verticillium dahliae
• Nectria species such as Nectria galligena
• Exobasidium species such as Exobasidium vexans
• Taphrina species such as Taphrina deformans
• Degenerative diseases of woody plants caused by e.g. Escala species such as, for example, Phenoniella chlamydospora, Phaeoacremonium aleophilum or Fomitiporia mediterranea
• Escala species such as, for example, Phenoniella chlamydospora, Phaeoacremonium aleophilum or Fomitiporia mediterranea
• Ganoderma species such as Ganoderma boninense
• Botrytis species such as Botrytis cinerea
• Diseases of plant tubers caused by e.g. Rhizoctonia species, such as Rhizoctonia solani
• Helminthosporium species such as Helminthosporium solani
• Xanthomonas species such as Xanthomonas campestris pv. Oryzae
• Pseudomonas species such as Pseudomonas syringae pv. Lachrymans
• Erwinia species such as Erwinia amylovora.
• the following diseases of soybean beans can be controlled:
• Dactuliophora leaf spot (Dactuliophora glycines), Downy Mildew (Peronospora manshurica), Drechslera blight (Drechslera glycini), Frogeye leaf spot (Cercospora sojina), Leptosphaerulina leaf spot (Leptosphaerulina trifolii), Phyllostica leaf spot (Phyllosticta sojaecola) , Pod and Stem Blight (Phomopsis sojae), Powdery Mildew (Microsphaera diffusa), Pyrenochaeta Leaf Spot (Pyrenochaeta glycines), Rhizoctonia Aerial, Foliage, and Web Blight (Rhizoctonia solani), Rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Phakopsora meibomiae), Scab (Sphaceloma glycines), Stemphylium Leaf B
• Phytophthora red (Phytophthora megaspera), Brown Stem Red (Phialophora gregata) , Pythium red (Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium irregular, Pytliium debaryanum, Pythium myriotylum, Pythium ultimum), Rhizoctonia Root Red, Stem Decay, and Damaging Off (Rhizoctonia solani), Sclerotinia Stem Decay (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), Sclerotinia Southern Blight (Sclerotinia rolfsii), Thielaviopsis Root Red (Thielaviopsis basicola ).
• microorganisms that can cause degradation or a change in the technical materials, for example, bacteria, fungi, yeasts, algae and mucus organisms may be mentioned.
• the active compounds according to the invention preferably act against fungi, in particular molds, wood-discolouring and wood-destroying fungi (Basidiomycetes) and against slime organisms and algae.
• microorganisms of the following genera Alternaria, such as Alternaria tenuis; Aspergillus, such as Aspergillus niger; Chaetomium, like Chaetomium globosum; Coniophora, like Coniophora puetana; Lentinus, like Lentinus tigrinus; Penicillium, such as Penicillium glaucum; Polyporus, such as Polyporus versicolor; Aureobasidium, such as Aureobasid pullulans; Sclerophoma, such as Sclerophoma pityophila; Trichoderma, such as Trichoderma viride; Escherichia, such as Escherichia coli; Pseudomonas, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus, such as Staphylococcus aureus.
• Alternaria such as Alternaria tenuis
• Aspergillus such as As
• the active compounds according to the invention also have very good antifungal effects. They have a very broad antimycotic spectrum of action, in particular against dermatophytes and yeasts, mold and diphasic fungi (for example against Candida species such as Candida albicans, Candida glabrata) as well as Epidermophyton floccosum, Aspergillus species such as Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus, Trichophyton species such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporon species such as Microsporon canis and audouinii.
• Candida species such as Candida albicans, Candida glabrata
• Epidermophyton floccosum Aspergillus species such as Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus
• Trichophyton species such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes
• Microsporon species such as Microsporon canis and audouinii.
• the list of these fungi is by no means a limitation of
• the active compounds according to the invention can therefore be used both in medical and non-medical applications.
• the application rates can be varied within a relatively wide range, depending on the mode of administration.
• the application rate of the active compounds according to the invention is
• Leaves from 0.1 to 10,000 g / ha, preferably from 10 to 1,000 g / ha, more preferably from 50 to 300 g / ha (when used by pouring or drop, the application rate can even be reduced, especially if inert substrates such as rockwool or perlite are used);
• seed treatment from 2 to 200 g per 100 kg of seed, preferably from 3 to 150 g per 100 kg of seed, more preferably from 2.5 to 25 g per 100 kg of seed, most preferably from 2.5 to 12, 5 g per 100 kg of seed;
• the active compounds or compositions according to the invention can therefore be used to protect plants within a certain period of time after the treatment against attack by the mentioned pathogens.
• Period within which protection is brought about generally extends to 1 to 28 days, preferably to 1 to 14 days, more preferably to 1 to 10 days, most preferably to 1 to 7 days after the treatment of the plants with the active substances or up to 200 days after seed treatment.
• mycotoxins include: deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol, 15-Ac-DON, 3-Ac-DON, T2 and HT2 toxin, fumonisins, zearalenone, moniliformin, fusarin, diaceotoxyscirpenol (DAS) , Beauvericin, enniatine, fusaroproliferin, fusarenol, ochratoxins, patulin, ergot alkaloids and aflatoxins, which may be caused, for example, by the following fungi: Fusarium spec., Such as Fusarium acuminatum, F.
• the compounds according to the invention may optionally also be used in certain concentrations or application amounts as herbicides, safeners, growth regulators or agents for improving plant properties, or as microbicides, for example as fungicides, antimycotics, bactericides, viricides (including anti-viral agents) or as anti-microbial agents MLO (Mycoplasma-like-organism) and RLO (Rickettsia-like-organism). If appropriate, they can also be used as intermediates or precursors for the synthesis of further active ingredients.
• the active compounds according to the invention intervene in the metabolism of the plants and can therefore also be used as growth regulators.
• Plant growth regulators can exert various effects on plants.
• the effects of the substances depend essentially on the time of application, based on the stage of development of the plant and on the amounts of active substance applied to the plants or their surroundings and on the mode of administration. In any case, growth regulators are intended to influence crops in some desired manner.
• Plant growth-regulating substances can be used, for example, for inhibiting the vegetative growth of the plants.
• Such growth inhibition is of economic interest among grasses, among other things, because this can reduce the frequency of grass cuttings in ornamental gardens, parks and sports facilities, at the edges of roads, at airports or in orchards.
• Also of importance is the inhibition of the growth of herbaceous and woody plants on roadsides and near pipelines or overland pipelines, or more generally in areas where a high growth of the plants is undesirable.
• growth regulators to inhibit grain elongation. This reduces or completely eliminates the risk of crop stagnation before harvest, and crop growth regulators can produce a straw boost. call, which also counteracts the camp.
• growth regulators for stalk shortening and stalk augmentation allows higher amounts of fertilizer to be applied to increase yields without the risk of grain storage.
• An inhibition of vegetative growth allows for many crops a denser planting, so that multi-carrier can be achieved based on the floor area.
• An advantage of the smaller plants thus obtained is that the culture can be more easily processed and harvested.
• An inhibition of the vegetative growth of the plants can also lead to increased yields that the nutrients and assimilates benefit the flower and fruit formation to a greater extent than the vegetative plant parts.
• Growth regulators can often be used to promote vegetative growth. This is of great benefit when harvesting the vegetative plant parts.
• promotion of vegetative growth can also promote generative growth by producing more assimilates so that more or more fruits are produced.
• Yield increases can in some cases be achieved through an intervention in the plant metabolism, without any noticeable changes in vegetative growth.
• growth regulators a change in the composition of the plants can be achieved, which in turn can lead to an improvement in the quality of the harvested products.
• the degradation of desirable ingredients such.
• Sugar in sugar beet or cane with growth regulators before or after harvesting.
• the production or the discharge of secondary plant ingredients can be positively influenced.
• An example is the stimulation of latex flow in gum trees.
• parthenocarp fruits may develop. Furthermore, the sex of the flowers can be influenced. Also, a sterility of the pollen can be produced, which has a great importance in the breeding and production of hybrid seed.
• the branching of the plants can be controlled.
• the development of side shoots can be promoted by breaking the apicoid dominance, which can be very desirable, especially in ornamental plant cultivation, also in connection with growth inhibition.
• the foliage of the plants can be controlled so that a defoliation of the plants is achieved at a desired time.
• Such defoliation plays a major role in the mechanical harvesting of cotton but is also of interest in other crops such as in viticulture to facilitate the harvest.
• Defoliation of the plants may also be undertaken to reduce the transpiration of the plants before transplanting.
• growth regulators the fruit case. On the one hand, a premature fruit drop can be prevented.
• Growth regulators can also be used to accelerate or retard the ripeness of the crop before or after harvesting. This is of particular advantage because it allows optimal adaptation to the needs of the market. In addition, growth regulators may in some cases improve fruit colouration. In addition, with growth regulators, a temporal concentration of maturity can be achieved. This creates the conditions for e.g. in the case of tobacco, tomatoes or coffee a complete mechanical or manual harvesting can be carried out in one operation. By employing growth regulators, furthermore, the seed or bud rest of the plants can be influenced so that the plants, such as e.g. Pineapples or ornamental plants in nurseries to germinate, sprout or flower at a time when they normally do not show any willingness to do so.
• the plants such as e.g. Pineapples or ornamental plants in nurseries to germinate, sprout or flower at a time when they normally do not show any willingness to do so.
• Delaying bud sprouting or seed germination using growth regulators may be desirable in areas prone to frost to prevent damage from late frosts.
• growth regulators can induce plant resistance to frost, dryness or high soil salinity. This makes it possible to cultivate plants in areas that are normally unsuitable for this purpose.
• the plants listed can be treated particularly advantageously according to the invention with the compounds of the general formula (I) the agents according to the invention.
• the preferred ranges given above for the active compounds or agents also apply to the treatment of these plants. Particularly emphasized is the plant treatment with the compounds or agents specifically mentioned in the present text.
• 2,4-FPCP 1- (2,4-difluorophenoxy) cyclopropyl
• the intensity of sharp signals correlates with the height of the signals in a printed example of an NMR spectrum in cm and shows the true ratios of the signal intensities. For broad signals, multiple peaks or the center of the signal and their relative intensity can be shown compared to the most intense signal in the spectrum.
• the lists of the ⁇ -NMR peaks are similar to the classical ⁇ - ⁇ prints and thus usually contain all the peaks that are listed in a classical NMR interpretation. In addition, they may, like classic NMR prints, show solvent signals, signals from stereoisomers of the target compounds which are also subject of the invention, and / or peaks of impurities.
• ⁇ NMR peaks show the usual solvent peaks, for example, peaks of DMSO in DMSO-D 6 and the peak of water, which are usually in the Average high intensity.
• the peaks of stereoisomers of the target compounds and / or peaks of impurities usually have on average a lower intensity than the peaks of the target compounds (for example with a purity of> 90%).
• Such stereoisomers and / or impurities may be typical of the particular preparation process.
• Example A Blumeria zraminis - test (barley) / protective
• Emulsifier 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether
• a suitable preparation of active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with the indicated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
• spray young plants with the Active compound preparation in the specified application rate. After the spray coating has dried, the plants are planted with spores of Blumeria graminis f.sp. ordei dusted. The plants are placed in a greenhouse at a temperature of about 18 ° C and a relative humidity of about 80% to promote the development of mildew pustules. 7 days after the inoculation the evaluation takes place. In this case, 0% means an efficiency which corresponds to that of the control, while an efficiency of 100% means that no infestation is observed.
• the following compounds according to the invention show an efficacy of 70% or more at a concentration of active ingredient of 500 ppm.
• Emulsifier 1 part by weight of alkyl-aryl-polyglycol ether
• Emulsifier 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether
• active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with the indicated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
• active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with the indicated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
• young plants are sprayed with the preparation of active compound in the stated application rate. After the spray coating has dried on, the plants are sprayed with spores with a spore suspension of Fusarium graminearum.
• the plants are placed in a greenhouse chamber under a translucent incubation hood at 22 ° C and 100% relative humidity. 5 days after the inoculation the evaluation takes place. In this case, 0% means an efficiency which corresponds to that of the control, while an efficiency of 100% means that no infestation is observed.
• the following compounds according to the invention show an efficacy of 70% or more at a concentration of active ingredient of 500 ppm.
• Table C Fusarium graminearum - test (barley) / protective
• Example D Leptosphaeria nodorum test (wheat) / protective
• Emulsifier 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether
• a suitable preparation of active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with the indicated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
• young plants are sprayed with the preparation of active compound in the stated application rate. After the spray coating has dried on, the plants are sprayed with spores with a spore suspension of Leptosphaeria nodorum. The plants remain for 48 hours at 20 ° C and 100% relative humidity in an incubation cabin.
• the plants are placed in a greenhouse at a temperature of about 22 ° C and a relative humidity of about 80%. 8 days after the inoculation the evaluation takes place. In this case, 0% means an efficiency which corresponds to that of the control, while an efficiency of 100% means that no infestation is observed.
• the following compounds according to the invention show an efficacy of 70% or more at a concentration of active ingredient of 500 ppm.
• Emulsifier 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether
• Emulsifier 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether
• a suitable preparation of active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with the indicated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
• young plants are sprayed with the preparation of active compound in the stated application rate. After the spray coating has dried, the plants are sprayed with a spore suspension of Pyrenophora teres. The plants remain for 48 hours at 20 ° C and 100% relative humidity in an incubation cabin. The plants are placed in a greenhouse at a temperature of about 20 ° C and a relative humidity of about 80%. 8 days after the inoculation the evaluation takes place.
• 0% means an efficiency which corresponds to that of the control, while an efficiency of 100% means that no infestation is observed.
• the following compounds according to the invention show an efficacy of 70% or more at a concentration of active ingredient of 500 ppm.
• Table F Pyrenophora teres test (barley) / protective
• Example G Septoria tritici test (wheat) / protective
• Emulsifier 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether
• a suitable preparation of active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with the indicated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
• young plants are sprayed with the preparation of active compound in the stated application rate. After the spray coating has dried on, the plants are sprayed with a spore suspension of Septoria tritici.
• the plants remain in an incubation cabin for 48 hours at 20 ° C. and 100% relative atmospheric humidity. Thereafter, the plants are placed under a transparent hood at 15 ° C and 100% relative humidity for another 60 hours.
• the plants are placed in a greenhouse at a temperature of about 15 ° C and a relative humidity of 80%. 21 days after the inoculation the evaluation takes place. In this case, 0% means an efficiency which corresponds to that of the control, while an efficiency of 100% means that no infestation is observed.
• Show in this test the following compounds according to the invention at a concentration of active ingredient of 500 ppm efficiency of 70% or more.
• Emulsifier 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether
• a suitable preparation of active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
• young cucumber plants are sprayed with the preparation of active compound in the stated application rate.
• the plants are inoculated with a spore suspension of Sphaerotheca fuliginea.
• the plants are placed in a greenhouse at 70% relative humidity and a temperature of 23 ° C. 7 days after the inoculation the evaluation takes place.
• 0% means an efficiency which corresponds to that of the control, while an efficiency of 100% means that no infestation is observed.
• the following compounds according to the invention show an efficacy of 70% or more at a concentration of active ingredient of 500 ppm.
• Example I Uromyces test (bean) / protective
• Emulsifier 1 part by weight of alkyl-aryl-polyglycol ether
• a suitable preparation of active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with the indicated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
• young plants are sprayed with the preparation of active compound in the stated application rate. After the spray coating has dried on, the plants are inoculated with an aqueous spore suspension of the bean rust pathogen Uromyces appendiculatus and then remain in an incubation cabin for 1 day at about 20 ° C. and 100% relative atmospheric humidity. The plants are then placed in the greenhouse at about 21 ° C and a relative humidity of about 90%. 10 days after the inoculation the evaluation takes place. In this case, 0% means an efficiency which corresponds to that of the control, while an efficiency of 100% means that no infestation is observed. In this test, the following compounds according to the invention show an efficiency of 70% or more at a concentration of active ingredient of 100 ppm.
• Example J Venturia test (apple) / protective
• Emulsifier 1 part by weight of alkyl-aryl-polyglycol ether To prepare a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with the indicated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration. To test for protective activity, young plants are sprayed with the preparation of active compound in the stated application rate. After the spray coating has dried on, the plants are inoculated with an aqueous conidia suspension of the apple scab pathogen Venturia inaequalis and then remain in an incubation cabin for 1 day at about 20 ° C. and 100% relative atmospheric humidity. The plants are then placed in the greenhouse at about 21 ° C and a relative humidity of about 90%.
• Example K Pyricularia test (rice) / protective
• Emulsifier 1.5 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether
• Example L Cochliobolus test (rice) / protective
• Emulsifier 1.5 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether
• a suitable preparation of active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with the indicated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
• young plants are sprayed with the preparation of active compound in the stated application rate.
• the plants are inoculated with an aqueous spore suspension of Cochliobolus miyabeanus.
• the plants remain for 1 day at about 25 ° C and 100% relative humidity in an incubation cabin. 4 days after the inoculation the evaluation takes place.
• 0% means an efficiency which corresponds to that of the control, while an efficiency of 100% means that no infestation is observed.
• the compound of the invention No. 4 at an active ingredient concentration of 250 ppm shows an efficiency of 80% or more.
• the compound of the invention No. 3 shows an efficiency of 98% at a concentration of active ingredient of 250 ppm.
• Example M Phakopsora test (soybean) / protective
• Emulsifier 1.5 parts by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether
• the test was conducted under greenhouse conditions. Wheat seeds treated with an active compound according to the invention or a combination of active compounds according to the invention were seeded in 6 ⁇ 6 cm vessels in a mixture of steamed fields and sand (1: 1). The test compound (s) were dissolved in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and diluted with water to the desired concentration. Wheat grains were inoculated with spores of Fusarium culmorum. The infected and ground grains were distributed between the treated wheat seeds. The seeds were covered with a clay granule top layer and incubated in the greenhouse for 14 days at 20 ° C. The evaluation was done by counting the casserole.
• 0% means an efficiency equivalent to that of the untreated control, while an efficiency of 100% means that all the seeds have germinated.
• the following compounds according to the invention show an efficacy of 70% and higher at a dose of 50 g / dt.
• Example O Microdochium test (wheat) / seed treatment
• the test was conducted under greenhouse conditions. Wheat seeds treated with an active compound according to the invention or a combination of active compounds according to the invention were seeded in 6 ⁇ 6 cm vessels in a mixture of steamed fields and sand (1: 1). The test compound (s) were dissolved in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and diluted with water to the desired concentration. Wheat grains were inoculated with spores of Microdochium nivale. The infected and ground grains were distributed between the treated wheat seeds. The seeds were covered with a mound of steamed field soil and sand (1: 1) and incubated in the greenhouse for 21 days at 10 ° C. The evaluation was done by counting the casserole.
• 0% means an efficiency equivalent to that of the untreated control, while an efficiency of 100% means that all the seeds have germinated.
• the following compounds according to the invention show an efficacy of 70% and higher at a dose of 50 g / dt.
• the test was conducted under greenhouse conditions. Wheat seeds treated with an active compound according to the invention or a combination of active compounds according to the invention were seeded into 6 ⁇ 6 cm vessels in a mixture of steamed fields and sand (1: 1). The test compound (s) were dissolved in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and diluted with water to the desired concentration. The treated wheat grains were aged and placed at 10 ° C in a greenhouse. 14 days after sowing, the plants were inoculated with a spore suspension of Puccinia recondita. The plants were incubated for a further 9 days at 20 ° C. The evaluation was carried out by estimating the infected leaf area per plant. 0% means an efficiency equal to that of the untreated control, while an efficiency of 100% means no disease symptoms can be detected. In this test, the following compounds according to the invention show an efficacy of 70% and higher at a dose of 50 g / dt.
• the test was conducted under greenhouse conditions. Rapeseeds treated with an active compound according to the invention or a combination of active compounds according to the invention were seeded into 6x6 cm vessels in a mixture of steamed fields and sand (1: 1). The test compounds were dissolved in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and diluted with water to the desired concentration. Perlite was inoculated with spores of Leptosphaeria maculans. The infected perlite was distributed between the treated rapeseeds. The seeds were covered with a mound of steamed field soil and sand (1: 1) and incubated in the greenhouse for 14 days at 10 ° C and for 7 days at 18 ° C. The evaluation was done by counting the casserole.
• 0% means an efficiency equivalent to that of the untreated control, while an efficiency of 100% means that all the seeds have germinated.
• the following compounds according to the invention show an efficacy of 70% and higher at a dose of 50 g / dt.
• Example R Rhizoctonia test (cotton) / seed treatment
• the test was conducted under greenhouse conditions. Cotton seeds treated with an active compound according to the invention or a combination of active compounds according to the invention were seeded into 6 ⁇ 6 cm vessels in a mixture of steamed fields and sand (1: 1). The test compound (s) were dissolved in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and brought to the desired concentration with water diluted. Perlite was inoculated with spores of Rhizoctonia solani. The infected perlite was distributed between the treated cotton seeds. The seeds were covered with a clay granule top layer and incubated in the greenhouse for 7 days at 20 ° C. The evaluation was done by counting the casserole and sick plants.
• 0% means an efficiency equivalent to that of the untreated control, while an efficiency of 100% means that all seeds are germinated and all plants are healthy.
• the following compounds according to the invention show an efficacy of 70% and higher at a dose of 50 g / dt.

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