Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
  • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
  • B21K1/06—Making machine elements axles or shafts
  • B21K1/12—Making machine elements axles or shafts of specially-shaped cross-section
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
  • B21D53/26—Making other particular articles wheels or the like
  • B21D53/28—Making other particular articles wheels or the like gear wheels
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
  • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
  • B21K1/06—Making machine elements axles or shafts
  • B21K1/066—Making machine elements axles or shafts splined

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for the non-cutting axially forming a toothing on a workpiece, having a clamped in a clamping ring die having an inner recess and arranged on the inner recess forming first tooth profile, according to the preamble of claim 1.
• the invention relates to it
• a method for chipless production of a profile, in particular a toothing has already become known from DE 10 2007 019 706 A1.
• a Tarsch at the outlet of the teeth should be avoided.
• the workpiece is machined by means of a first tool from a first side and then the workpiece is shaped by means of a second tool from a second side.
• DE 22 25 466 describes a device for producing a sheet-metal sprocket or gear by deep drawing.
• Such shafts are manufactured in large numbers components whose outer teeth each involved in an internal toothing of another, in the torque transmission
• Partner can be achieved by the fact that at one of the two partners
• Tooth width is reduced at the insertion of the teeth in the counter-toothing, the Teeth are thus formed tapering at the insertion, so an angle is formed between the tooth flanks of a respective tooth of the toothing.
• the object of the invention to provide a device that the complex processing of the already completed gearing in another workflow for the formation of tips on the
• Formation of a toothing with provided on the insertion narrowing teeth are created.
• the invention has to solve this problem with respect to the device to the features specified in claim 1.
• Advantageous embodiments thereof are described in the further claims.
• the invention to solve this problem with respect to the method on the features specified in claim 11.
• the invention provides a device for non-cutting axially forming a toothing, in particular splines, on a workpiece, with a clamped in a clamping ring die having an inner recess and arranged on the inner recess forming first tooth profile,
• Gear profile in particular for the formation of a spline, has, which has at a distance from the first tooth profile range lateral flanks with tapering distance, formed on the workpiece lateral tooth flanks taper, in particular only partially tapering in an axial section reshape.
• the workpiece consists of a metallic material or has a metallic material in the region which is transformed according to the invention.
• first and second tooth profiles may not be identical or similar.
• the second toothed profile serves not only for widening or deepening the reshaped structure already brought about by the first toothing profile on the workpiece, but rather preferably only partially changing it.
• the second tooth profile is different from the first tooth profile in that it causes the imprinting of a further structure on the structure created by the first tooth profile, wherein in particular the further structure is different from the created structure.
• the device in addition to the first shaping tooth profile, also has a second shaping tooth profile which, viewed in the feed direction of the workpiece or from the end face of the first shaping tooth profile, is arranged at a distance from the first tooth profile.
• a second shaping tooth profile which, viewed in the feed direction of the workpiece or from the end face of the first shaping tooth profile, is arranged at a distance from the first tooth profile.
• a toothing in particular a spline, is formed with the first tooth profile.
• the tooth profile and the second tooth profile determine with which longitudinal extent the toothing can be formed on the workpiece before the front region of the workpiece reaches the region of the second tooth profile, on which the tooth flanks of the workpiece already formed by the tooth flanks of the workpiece formed in a tapered manner a tapered shape are formed, the tooth flanks of the workpiece so, at least in an outgoing area, are formed tapering, between the tooth flanks of the teeth of the workpiece so an internal angle is formed, which is brought about by plastic deformation of the workpiece.
• the toothing in particular splines
• the workpiece without the need for further processing of the teeth produced by axial deformation of the workpiece via a cutting or non-cutting shape is necessary.
• the workpiece can therefore be completed with the device according to the invention in a single operation.
• Gear profile is provided on a spaced apart from the die and clamped in the clamping ring second die. This makes it possible to manufacture the two matrices independently and to arrange them clamped at a distance from each other in the clamping ring, which is required for the production of the toothing in the desired length. This distance can be reduced to zero, if an axial toothing of correspondingly short longitudinal extent is desired.
• Inlet area is achieved that any existing small angular deviations between the two matrices do not adversely affect the quality of the trained teeth.
• Gearing in axial force - counteracts the subsequent forming of the teeth of the teeth of the workpiece - counteracts.
• Angle of rotation offset is acceptable and does not hinder the joining process between the shaft and the component.
• the invention provides for a development that the second tooth profile is aligned with the first tooth profile.
• feather keys are provided for the alignment of the female die.
• the feather keys provide for the aligned alignment of the two matrices to each other, any existing slight angular displacement between the two matrices does not adversely affect the manufacturing quality of the teeth, since the second shaping tooth profile at the inlet region the above-mentioned insertion region with converging tooth flanks of the shaping teeth has.
• Both matrices can be made of a hard metal and are biased by the clamping ring with substantially the same radial bias, for which purpose the clamping ring may have an internal recess with a conical shape in which the two outside form and surface complementary conical matrices are used under bias.
• a provided with radially outer recesses intermediate ring is provided according to an embodiment of the invention, in which the above-mentioned feather keys for aligning the matrices are mutually receivable and which is provided with radial holes for the passage of lubricant , This arrives before the entrance of
• the clamping ring are formed on the inside and the matrices on the outside conical, whereby a radial bias of the dies and thus the first and second tooth profile is achieved by a relative displacement of the clamping ring and the dies.
• the radial bias can thus be modified by changing the relative displacement of said components to each other and adjusted by a provided in the axial direction of the device spacer sleeve against which arranged the two matrices with in between
• the clamping ring is also provided with at least one passage hole for the lubricant.
• the device has a cylindrically shaped receptacle with an inner recess into which the clamping ring and the two matrices and the spacer sleeve can be inserted and the receptacle and at least one through hole for guiding
• the device is an entire assembly, with the use of different clamping rings with different or the same inner diameters to adapt to workpieces with different outer diameters or different
• the invention also provides a method for the non-cutting formation of a toothing on a workpiece, wherein with the inventive method, the toothing on the workpiece with the tips on the teeth in a single forming
• the invention provides a method for chipless formation of a toothing, in particular spline, on a workpiece by means of a relative movement between the workpiece to be formed and a die having a first shaping tooth profile by means of an axial
• the radial displacement and / or the moving out of the workpiece in particular represent relative movements between the workpiece and the first and second toothing profiles.
• the workpiece and / or the die can be moved.
• both the teeth, in particular splines are formed on the workpiece in a single operation and the tips of the teeth of the teeth produced by forming.
• the toothing is produced by a relative movement between the workpiece and the first shaping tooth profile by means of a forming process, and the tooth flanks formed on the teeth of the toothing of the workpiece are thus deformed during the period of the forming process of the axial toothing, that, in particular partially in an axial section, converging tooth flanks are set on the teeth.
• the relative movement is continued, the first region or a part thereof reaches the region of the tapering interspaces of the second tooth profile which is spaced from the first tooth profile, and a continuation of the relative movement takes place at the first region or the partial region thereof causes a deformation of the lateral tooth flanks of the toothing on the workpiece by the mutually converging tooth flanks of the teeth of the tool, while a second region on the workpiece is simultaneously deformed to form an axial toothing by the continuation of the relative movement.
• alignment of the teeth may optionally take place during movement of the finished toothing through the first shaping tooth profile
• Teeth of the workpiece by the first shaping tooth profile instead.
• first and second splines i. ie the tool to separate from the finished formed workpiece by an active movement of the tool.
• Movement direction front region of the workpiece to be performed with converging lateral tooth flanks The completely finished toothing, in particular splines, of the workpiece with tapering teeth can be achieved by a single operation, without subsequent machining of the teeth on the front portion of the workpiece is necessary, as is the case with known methods.
• the inventive method provides that the laterally tapering
• Forming is performed by means of the second tooth profile, which is formed at a spaced from the die second die.
• the quality of the toothing can be adjusted by influencing a radial prestress which acts on the first and second tooth profile.
• the process of the invention takes place both during the movement of the
• Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a detail of a Aus shebrungsform a
• Fig. 2 is a sectional view of an assembly with the embodiment of
• Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of an embodiment of a first die for producing a spline, with a first shaping
• FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of an embodiment of a second die for producing tapered teeth of the spline, with a second shaping tooth profile;
• Fig. 5 is a detail I of Figure 4 of the drawing.
• Fig. 6 is a plan view of an intermediate ring for arrangement in the area
• Fig. 7 is a sectional view of one embodiment of a clamping ring for receiving the first and second dies;
• Fig. 8 is an illustration of a workpiece in the form of a with a
• Vorveriereungs fellmesser provided shaft and schematically arranged thereto first and second dies;
• Fig. 9 is a view similar to that of Fig. 8, which shows the explanation of individual teeth of an already formed by Axialumformung on the shaft axial toothing;
• Fig. 10 is a view similar to that of FIG. 9, which shows the explanation half individual teeth of the finished formed toothing and thereby achieved relative position of the shaft and the first and second dies.
• Relative movement take place. This can also be accomplished by moving the device relative to the stationary workpiece rather than moving the workpiece relative to the device or by moving the workpiece and device both relative to each other.
• FIG. 1 of the drawing shows a detail of a manufacturing device 1 for forming a closer with reference to FIG. 10 apparent axial teeth 2, specifically a spline, on a workpiece 3.
• the workpiece 3 is a trainees with the axial teeth 2 wave, for example, the torque transmission in the drive train of a vehicle is used.
• the axial toothing 2 is applied in a single operation by means of the device 4 on the shaft 3 by a non-cutting forming operation.
• the shaft 3 is held at its cylindrical portion 5 by means of a clamping device 6 and displaced in the illustrated embodiment in the plane of the drawing in the direction of " right relative to the device 4, so that the apparent from Fig. 8 Vorveriereungs notebookmesser 7 in the area an inner recess 8 of a first die 10 and an inner recess 9 of a second die 11 passes.
• the matrices 10 and 11 are axially spaced in the feed direction F, as can be seen with reference to FIG. 1 of the drawing, for which purpose a further apparent with reference to FIG. 6 of the drawing intermediate ring 13 is provided.
• the axial length of the axial toothing 2 can be adjusted because an already processed predetermined length of the axial toothing 2 in the feed direction F is still outside the engagement region of the formed in the second die 11 second shaping tooth profile 14, from the sake of clarity in Fig. 1, only a single tooth space 38 is shown.
• the two matrices 10, 11 are inserted into a closer apparent with reference to FIG. 7 of the drawing inner recess 15 of a clamping ring 16 and set by this under radial bias.
• the two matrices 10, 11 are thereby from a cover 17 against a
• Spacer sleeve 18 axially biased.
• the clamping ring 16 with the arranged in the interior 15 two dies 10, 11 and the spacer sleeve 18 are in one
• Inner recess 19 of a receptacle 20 which serves the further reinforcement of the device 4 according to the invention and to a receptacle 21 of the
• Manufacturing device 1 by means of bolts 22 can be releasably fixed.
• lubricant supply device 23 and a formed in the receptacle 20 through hole 24 lubricant can be placed in a gap 25 between the two matrices 10, 11 and indeed formed in the clamping ring 16 through holes 26 and formed in the intermediate ring 13 through holes 27th
• Fig. 2 of the drawing shows an advantageous embodiment of the further developed to an assembly 28 device 4 according to the invention.
• the assembly 28 can
• first die 10 and a second die 11 are equipped so that for the formation of Axialveriereonne 2 with deformed tips on different waves with
• Vorveriereungs pressurize the shaft 3 in the detection range of the formed within the first die 10 first tooth profile 31 passes.
• the preferred embodiment of a first die 10 which can be seen in greater detail with reference to FIG. 3 of the drawing has, at its inner recess 8, the first shaping tooth profile 31 in the form of a plurality of radially distributed
• Forming teeth 32 which each form between them a tooth space 33, in which the material of the shaft 3 can flow during its movement relative to the first die 10 in a plastic deformation, so that by continuing the relative displacement of the shaft 3 and the first shaping tooth profile 31 sets the axial toothing 2 on the shaft 3 by means of axial forming.
• Embodiment of the first die 10 on the outer circumference 34 made conically ground. It consists of a hard metal material and is used in the apparent with reference to FIG. 7 inner recess 15 of the clamping ring 16, wherein the inner recess 15 of the clamping ring 16 form and surface complementary to
• Outer shape of the first die 10 and the second die 11 is conical.
• both matrices are radially biased on the clamping ring 16 and the receptacle 20. Due to the conical outer diameter of the two matrices 10, 11, it is possible to change the functional dimension of the die. In the present case of the external toothing, this is the measure via measuring rollers, which determines the tolerance position of the generated toothing. This can have a different depth arrangement or a different depth of pressing the matrices in the
• Inner recess 15 of the clamping ring 16 can be accomplished or by
• the first die 10 has a conical inlet region 35, a calibration region 36, which represents the toothing, and a likewise conical outlet region 37.
• Fig. 4 of the drawing shows an enlarged view of a preferred
• a tooth space 38 of the second shaping tooth profile 14 is shown in the inner recess 9 of the second die 11, in which an axially formed tooth 39, reference being made to FIG. 9 of the drawing, due to the advancing movement in the direction of 1 and is reshaped so that the reaching into the engagement region of the interdental spaces 38, provided without sharpening and with reference to FIG. 9 tooth tips 40 of the teeth after forming converging lateral tooth flanks, the teeth 39 so be sharpened in the feed direction.
• FIG. 5 of the drawing shows the enlarged detail I of Fig. 4 of the drawing.
• the interdental space 38 is formed between two adjacent teeth 41, 42 separated by the tooth space 38, with tooth flanks 58 of the second shaping tooth profile 14.
• the second shaping tooth profile 14 has an inlet region 43, a in
• Feed direction F - the feed direction is also shown in Fig. 4 - to the inlet region 43 subsequent calibration area 44 and in turn adjoining the calibration area 44 forming area 45.
• the Kalibier Scheme 44 has lateral tooth flanks 59 with a largely constant distance
• the inlet region 43 opens against the feed direction to the front
• the calibration region 44 prevents compression of the teeth under axial force, and the like
• Infeed region 43 with a tapering distance between the lateral tooth flanks 46 formed forming region 45 leads to the conical Anformung the lateral tooth flanks 47 of the molded tips 12 of the teeth 48 of the teeth.
• radially opposing grooves 52 are provided on the end face 51 of the first die facing the inlet side 50, which grooves 54 are arranged on the inlet face 53 of the second die 11.
• intermediate ring 13 has radially opposite grooves 55 which are aligned with the grooves 52, 54, so that with reference to FIG. 1 apparent feather keys 56 can be inserted into the grooves to the intermediate ring 13th align the two matrices 10, 11 to each other.
• Outer diameter may be provided as the inner diameter of the clamping ring 15, so that adjoining the intermediate ring 13 radially outward a circumferential lubricant groove can pass through the lubricant through the intermediate ring 13 in the direction inwards.
• spacer sleeve 18 has a length which is matched to the length of the composite of the first die 10, second die 11 and intermediate ring 13 and so the composite can be biased in the axial direction and in the movement of the workpiece 3 can not move relative to the composite.
• the cover 17 fixes the composite in the axial direction to the front and over grooves formed in the cover 17 in the radial direction, the workpiece 3 is supplied with lubricant before entering the first die 10.
• the clamping ring 16 shown in Fig. 7 of the preferred embodiment has on its inner recess 15 has a conical shape and the inner cone can so
• the clamping ring 16 has one with the through holes 26th
• the structure of the assembly 28 is selected to locate the first die 10 as far forward in the assembly as possible
• the same axial position of the first die 10 it is possible to provide matrices with different functional dimensions in the assembly, without the
• Fig. 8 of the drawing shows the workpiece 3 with its Vorveriereungs sacrificer 7 still at a distance from the preferred embodiment of the invention
• Feed direction F travels with the pointed teeth 12 trainees front end portion 30 of the axial toothing 2 in the engagement region of the second
• shaping teeth profile 14 and thus reach the front tips of the teeth 39 in the interdental spaces 38 of the second shaping tooth profile 14, whereby in this area, the lateral tooth flanks of the teeth 39 are deformed in the inward direction, so that the tooth flanks move towards each other and the pointed Form teeth 12.
• a toothing specifically a spline, are provided on the shaft 3, the teeth pointed at the end portion 30 of the shaft 3, that is, teeth with width decreasing in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, so that the axial toothing 2 of the shaft 3 to be mated with an internal toothing not shown in detail also at a rotational angular offset of the axial toothing third relative to
• the inventive method allows the formation of the axial toothing with pointed teeth in a single operation, without after the formation of the axial toothing another non-cutting or machining of the

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Gears, Cams (AREA)

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Citations (9)

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• 2010
  • 2010-06-25 DE DE201010017592 patent/DE102010017592B8/de active Active
• 2011
  • 2011-06-21 WO PCT/EP2011/003049 patent/WO2011160809A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2011-06-21 CN CN201180040367.0A patent/CN103068500B/zh active Active

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