WO2011155505A1 - ポリフェノール組成物の製造方法 - Google Patents
ポリフェノール組成物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011155505A1 WO2011155505A1 PCT/JP2011/063098 JP2011063098W WO2011155505A1 WO 2011155505 A1 WO2011155505 A1 WO 2011155505A1 JP 2011063098 W JP2011063098 W JP 2011063098W WO 2011155505 A1 WO2011155505 A1 WO 2011155505A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hesperidin
- composition
- producing
- polyphenol
- composition according
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 207
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 235000001368 chlorogenic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000005487 catechin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechin Natural products OC1Cc2cc(O)cc(O)c2OC1c3ccc(O)c(O)c3 ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000001100 (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one Substances 0.000 claims description 269
- ARGKVCXINMKCAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N neohesperidine Natural products C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC=C1C1OC2=CC(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(C)O3)O)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C1 ARGKVCXINMKCAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 267
- QUQPHWDTPGMPEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hesperidine Natural products C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC=C1C1OC2=CC(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(COC4C(C(O)C(O)C(C)O4)O)O3)O)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C1 QUQPHWDTPGMPEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 266
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- APSNPMVGBGZYAJ-GLOOOPAXSA-N clematine Natural products COc1cc(ccc1O)[C@@H]2CC(=O)c3c(O)cc(O[C@@H]4O[C@H](CO[C@H]5O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]5O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]4O)cc3O2 APSNPMVGBGZYAJ-GLOOOPAXSA-N 0.000 claims description 266
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- QUQPHWDTPGMPEX-QJBIFVCTSA-N hesperidin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC=C1[C@H]1OC2=CC(O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O4)O)O3)O)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C1 QUQPHWDTPGMPEX-QJBIFVCTSA-N 0.000 claims description 266
- VUYDGVRIQRPHFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hesperidin Natural products COc1cc(ccc1O)C2CC(=O)c3c(O)cc(OC4OC(COC5OC(O)C(O)C(O)C5O)C(O)C(O)C4O)cc3O2 VUYDGVRIQRPHFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 266
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- IVTMALDHFAHOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N eriodictyol 7-O-rutinoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(C)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC=2C=C3C(C(C(O)=C(O3)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=CC=3)=O)=C(O)C=2)O1 IVTMALDHFAHOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- FDRQPMVGJOQVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N quercetin rutinoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC=2C(C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3OC=2C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)=O)O1 FDRQPMVGJOQVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
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- LUKBXSAWLPMMSZ-OWOJBTEDSA-N Trans-resveratrol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1\C=C\C1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 LUKBXSAWLPMMSZ-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- HKUHOPQRJKPJCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pelargonidin Natural products OC1=Cc2c(O)cc(O)cc2OC1c1ccc(O)cc1 HKUHOPQRJKPJCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006251 pelargonidin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YPVZJXMTXCOTJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pelargonidin chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(C(=C1)O)=[O+]C2=C1C(O)=CC(O)=C2 YPVZJXMTXCOTJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009048 phenolic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000017807 phytochemicals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DTFXGVGIKNSCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pinoquercetin Chemical compound OC=1C(=O)C2=C(O)C(C)=C(O)C=C2OC=1C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 DTFXGVGIKNSCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930000223 plant secondary metabolite Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- OVSQVDMCBVZWGM-QSOFNFLRSA-N quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=C(C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)OC2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C1=O OVSQVDMCBVZWGM-QSOFNFLRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEKUVLQNKPXSOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1->3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->6)-beta-d-galactopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(C(O)C)OC1OC1=C(C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)OC2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C1=O OEKUVLQNKPXSOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPHXPNUXTNHJOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quercetin-7-O-beta-L-rhamnopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(C)OC1OC1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C(O)=C(C=3C=C(O)C(O)=CC=3)OC2=C1 QPHXPNUXTNHJOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXGUCUVFOIWWQJ-HQBVPOQASA-N quercitrin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1OC1=C(C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)OC2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C1=O OXGUCUVFOIWWQJ-HQBVPOQASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- OVVGHDNPYGTYIT-BNXXONSGSA-N rutinose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O1 OVVGHDNPYGTYIT-BNXXONSGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000015067 sauces Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014214 soft drink Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020238 sunflower seed Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015192 vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H17/00—Compounds containing heterocyclic radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
- C07H17/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only oxygen as ring hetero atoms
- C07H17/06—Benzopyran radicals
- C07H17/065—Benzo[b]pyrans
- C07H17/07—Benzo[b]pyran-4-ones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
- A61K31/05—Phenols
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/192—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having aromatic groups, e.g. sulindac, 2-aryl-propionic acids, ethacrynic acid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/365—Lactones
- A61K31/366—Lactones having six-membered rings, e.g. delta-lactones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7042—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
- A61K31/7048—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin, digitoxin or digoxin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/04—Antihaemorrhagics; Procoagulants; Haemostatic agents; Antifibrinolytic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/14—Vasoprotectives; Antihaemorrhoidals; Drugs for varicose therapy; Capillary stabilisers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/582—Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a polyphenol composition having excellent solubility in water.
- polyphenols are known to have an antioxidant power and are expected to have effects such as anti-arteriosclerosis, anti-allergy and blood flow enhancement, and thus are recognized as important ingredients in health foods.
- polyphenols have poor water solubility, and it is difficult to use them for aqueous foods such as soft drinks.
- Hesperidin a kind of flavonoid, is also called vitamin P, and is a substance known to be contained in a large amount in citrus peels. Hesperidin has various physiological actions such as strengthening of capillaries, prevention of bleeding, and adjustment of blood pressure, and is widely used in foods, pharmaceuticals and the like. However, hesperidin dissolves in an alkaline aqueous solution, but hardly dissolves in a neutral to acidic aqueous solution. For example, the solubility in water at 25 ° C. is only 0.02 mg / g. Therefore, techniques for improving this have been studied, and for example, ⁇ -glucosyl hesperidin in which glucose is bound to hesperidin has been proposed (Patent Document 1). ⁇ -Glucosyl hesperidin has an advantage that the solubility in water at 25 ° C. is as high as 200 mg / g or more and the same function as hesperidin is exhibited.
- Patent Document 2 a method in which hesperidin glycoside is added to citrus fruit juice and juice drink and then heated to dissolve contained flavonoid compounds
- Patent Document 3 A method in which a poorly water-soluble flavoid and ⁇ -cyclodextrin are heat-treated so that the poorly water-soluble flavonoid is included in ⁇ -cyclodextrin, and then ⁇ -glucosyl hesperidin is allowed to coexist (Patent Document 3); There has been proposed a method (Patent Document 4) in which a poorly soluble flavonoid and soybean saponin and / or malonyl isoflavone glycoside are coexisted and heat-treated to solubilize the flavonoid. In these methods, the heat treatment of the poorly water-soluble polyphenol is performed at around 70 ° C. to 90 ° C.
- the present invention relates to the following (1) to (42).
- (1) In the presence of an aqueous medium, at least one selected from (A) a poorly water-soluble polyphenol and (B) a methylated product of catechins, chlorogenic acids and poorly water-soluble polyphenols at 100 to 180 ° C.
- the manufacturing method of a polyphenol composition including the process of heat-processing.
- (2) The process for producing a polyphenol composition as described above, wherein the log P value of the (A) poorly water-soluble polyphenol is -1.0 to 4.0.
- (3) The process for producing a polyphenol composition as described above, wherein the log P value of the (A) poorly water-soluble polyphenol is ⁇ 0.5 to 3.5.
- Mass ratio of (A) poorly water-soluble polyphenols to one or more selected from (B) methylated products of (B) catechins, chlorogenic acids and poorly water-soluble polyphenols (A) / (B) is a production method of the above polyphenol composition, which is 0.168 to 2.33.
- the method for producing the polyphenol composition described above further comprising a step of cooling the reaction solution obtained by the heat treatment, and a step of removing the solid part from the cooled reaction solution.
- (11) A polyphenol composition obtained by the above production method.
- a method for producing a hesperidin composition comprising a step of heat-treating hesperidin and a hesperidin sugar adduct at 100 to 180 ° C. in the presence of an aqueous medium.
- the method for producing the above-mentioned speridine composition wherein the form of the hesperidin composition is an aqueous solution or a powder.
- the hesperidin composition described above wherein the mass ratio of hesperidin to hesperidin sugar adduct is 1 to 5.
- the hesperidin composition described above wherein the amount of hesperidin dissolved in water at 25 ° C is 1.3 g / L or more.
- the hesperidin composition described above, wherein the amount of hesperidin dissolved in water at 25 ° C is 2 g / L or more.
- the hesperidin composition described above, wherein the amount of hesperidin dissolved in water at 25 ° C is 3 g / L or more.
- Hesperidin glycosides such as ⁇ -glucosyl hesperidin are complicated in production process and expensive. For this reason, it is economically unpreferable to use this instead of hesperidin and to use it as a solubilizer.
- solubilizers such as malonyl isoflavone glycosides can increase the solubility of poorly water-soluble polyphenols, but the use of solubilizers is limited due to the unique grain odor derived from soybeans. The problem of being done is considered. Furthermore, only a hesperidin composition having a low hesperidin content has been obtained, and a method capable of sufficiently dissolving hesperidin has not been known.
- the present invention relates to providing a method for producing a polyphenol composition excellent in solubility in water using a material that is inexpensive and has little influence on the flavor of the composition.
- the present invention also relates to providing a hesperidin composition having a high hesperidin content and excellent solubility, and a method for producing the hesperidin composition.
- the inventors of the present invention have made various studies on the solubilization techniques of poorly water-soluble polyphenols.
- the water-soluble polyphenols and catechins, chlorogenic acids, or methylated products of poorly water-soluble polyphenols at 100 ° C.
- the heat treatment as described above the dissolution concentration of the hardly water-soluble polyphenols is dramatically increased.
- the composition subjected to such a treatment suppresses the precipitation of the hardly water-soluble polyphenols even at room temperature. We found that sex is maintained.
- the influence on the flavor of the composition by the methylated product of catechins, chlorogenic acids or poorly water-soluble polyphenols was small.
- the present inventors have made various studies on the solubilization technology of hesperidin, and as a result of heat-treating hesperidin and hesperidin sugar adduct at 100 ° C. or higher in the presence of an aqueous medium, the dissolved concentration of hesperidin dramatically increases.
- the composition that has undergone such a treatment can suppress the precipitation of hesperidin even at room temperature and maintain high solubility of hesperidin.
- the polyphenol composition excellent in the solubility to water can be provided at low cost.
- the polyphenol composition of the present invention is useful for various foods and beverages and pharmaceuticals because it has little influence on the flavor of the solubilizer.
- the concentration of hesperidin dissolved in water or the like can be increased, and a hesperidin composition having excellent solubility despite a high hesperidin content can be provided.
- aqueous medium in the presence of an aqueous medium, (A) one selected from (A) poorly water-soluble polyphenols and (B) catechins, chlorogenic acids and methylated products of poorly water-soluble polyphenols or Including a step of heat-treating two or more kinds at 100 to 180 ° C.
- component (B) one kind or two or more kinds selected from methylated products of catechins, chlorogenic acids and poorly water-soluble polyphenols
- the manufacturing method of the said polyphenol composition is also called 1st method.
- “poorly water-soluble polyphenols” refers to those having a log P value of ⁇ 1.0 to 4.0.
- the poorly water-soluble polyphenols preferably have a log P value of ⁇ 0.5 to 3.5.
- the log P value is a value obtained by taking the common logarithm of the distribution coefficient between 1-octanol / water and is an index indicating the hydrophobicity of an organic compound. The larger the value, the higher the hydrophobicity.
- the log P value of polyphenols can be measured by a flask shaking method described in Japanese Industrial Standard Z7260-107. Details are described in the Examples.
- phenolic substances in which one or more, and more than two, hydroxyl groups are bonded to the benzene ring can be preferably applied.
- plant-derived flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids and the like can be mentioned.
- examples of the poorly water-soluble polyphenols that can be more preferably applied include flavonols, flavanones, flavones, isoflavones, and phenolcarboxylic acids.
- the poorly water-soluble polyphenols may be one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds.
- the catechins used in the present invention include non-epimeric catechins such as catechin, gallocatechin, catechin gallate and gallocatechin gallate, and epi-catechins such as epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate. It is a collective term.
- the content of catechins is defined based on the total amount of the above eight types.
- tea extracts may be used.
- the tea extract at least one selected from a tea extract, a concentrate thereof, and a purified product thereof can be used.
- the “tea extract” refers to an extract extracted from tea leaves using hot water or a water-soluble organic solvent, and has not been concentrated or purified.
- a water-soluble organic solvent for example, a lower alcohol such as ethanol can be used.
- the extraction method known methods such as kneader extraction, stirring extraction (batch extraction), countercurrent extraction (drip extraction), and column extraction can be employed.
- the tea leaves used for extraction can be roughly classified into non-fermented tea, semi-fermented tea, and fermented tea depending on the processing method.
- non-fermented tea examples include green tea such as sencha, sayha, gyokuro, mochi tea, kettle tea, stem tea, stick tea, and bud tea.
- semi-fermented tea examples include oolong tea such as iron kannon, color type, golden katsura, and martial arts tea.
- fermented tea examples include black teas such as Darjeeling, Assam, Sri Lanka and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, green tea is preferable from the viewpoint of the content of catechins.
- the “tea extract concentrate” refers to removing a part of the water content of a solution extracted from hot leaves or a water-soluble organic solvent from tea leaves selected from non-fermented tea, semi-fermented tea and fermented tea.
- concentration of catechins is increased.
- the form include various forms such as a solid, an aqueous solution, and a slurry.
- tea extract for example, green tea extraction such as “Polyphenone” from Mitsui Norin Co., “Theafranc” from ITO EN, “Sunphenon” from Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd. There is a liquid concentrate. Purification of the tea extract or the like can be performed by purification using a solvent or a column.
- the chlorogenic acids used in the present invention include 3-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-caffeoylquinic acid and monocaffeoylquinic acid of 5-caffeoylquinic acid, 3-feruloylquinic acid and 4-feruloylquinic acid. And 5-feruloylquinic acid monoferuloylquinic acid and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid dicaffeoylquinic acid Is a collective term.
- the content of chlorogenic acids is defined based on the total amount of the above nine types.
- chlorogenic acids may be in the form of a salt, such as a salt with an alkali metal such as sodium or potassium, a salt with an alkaline earth metal such as magnesium or calcium, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, etc.
- salts with organic amines, salts with basic amino acids such as arginine, lysine, histidine, ornithine, and the like.
- chlorogenic acids a plant extract containing the same, a concentrate thereof, a purified product thereof, or the like can be used.
- plant extracts include, for example, sunflower seeds, apple immature fruit, fresh coffee beans, Simon leaves, pine cones, pine seed husks, sugar cane southern leaves, burdock, eggplant skin, Examples include those extracted from ume fruit, dandelion, and vines.
- raw coffee bean extract is preferable from the viewpoint of chlorogenic acid content and the like.
- the type of coffee tree may be any of Arabica, Robusta, Revelica and Arabsta.
- the method and conditions for extraction, concentration and purification are not particularly limited, and known methods and conditions can be employed.
- Commercially available chlorogenic acid-containing preparations may be used as chlorogenic acids, and examples include flavor holder RC (Hasegawa Fragrance Co., Ltd.).
- the methylated product of poorly water-soluble polyphenols used in the present invention is a methylated product of the aforementioned poorly water-soluble polyphenols solubilized in water.
- the position and number of methylation are not particularly limited. Specific examples include methyl hesperidin, methyl quercetin, methyl resveratrol, methyl rutin and the like, and methyl hesperidin is preferred.
- Methyl hesperidin is known to mainly contain chalcone type compounds (A) and flavanone type compounds (B), and examples of the constituents include those having the structures shown below.
- R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- methyl hesperidin as a pharmaceutical additive and a food additive is mainly handled as a mixture of compounds (C) and (D).
- Gl represents a glucose residue
- Rh represents a rhamnose residue
- Gl-2 represents the 2-position of the glucose residue (including C-3 in the case of C-1)
- Rh-2 represents Represents the second position of the rhamnose residue.
- hesperidin methyl chalcone as a cosmetic raw material is handled as a compound represented by (E).
- a composition containing a large amount of chalcone type compound it is also called hesperidin methyl chalcone.
- R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- the methyl hesperidin used in the present invention may include both the chalcone type compound (A) and the flavanone type compound (B) shown above, or may include only one of them.
- more preferable methyl hesperidin includes a mixture of the compound (C) and the compound (D).
- Methyl hesperidin is a known method, for example, hesperidin is dissolved in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, a corresponding amount of dimethyl sulfate is allowed to act on the alkaline solution, the reaction solution is neutralized with sulfuric acid, and extracted with n-butyl alcohol. It can be produced by distilling off and then recrystallizing with isopropyl alcohol (Sakibuka, Nippon Kagaku Kagaku, 79, 733-6 (1958)), but the production method is not limited to this.
- methyl hesperidin-containing preparations may be used as methyl hesperidin, for example, “methyl hesperidin” (Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.), “hesperidin methyl chalcone” (Sigma), “methyl hesperidin” (Hamari Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) Co., Ltd.).
- catechins, chlorogenic acids or methyl hesperidin can be used alone or in combination of two or more as component (B).
- the method for producing a hesperidin composition of the present invention includes a step of heat-treating hesperidin and hesperidin sugar adduct at 100 to 180 ° C. in the presence of an aqueous medium.
- the method for producing the hesperidin composition is also referred to as a second method.
- Hesperidin is a compound in which rutinose (L-rhamnosyl- ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ 6) -D-glucose) is ⁇ -bonded to the hydroxyl group at position 7 of hesperetin (5,7,3′-trihydroxy-4′-methoxyflavanone). .
- Hesperidin sugar adduct is a compound in which 1 to 10 sugars are further bound to hesperidin.
- the sugar include glucose, maltose, fructose, rhamnose, lactose and the like.
- glucosyl hesperidin in which 1 to 10 glucoses are bound to hesperidin is preferable, and monoglucosyl hesperidin in which one glucose is bound is more preferable.
- the number of glucose additions may have a distribution, and the average number of moles of glucose added per mole of hesperidin is preferably 1-10.
- hesperidin itself is a glycoside in which hesperetin is used as an aglycone and a sugar is bound thereto.
- a substance in which a sugar is further bonded to hesperidin is referred to as a hesperidin sugar adduct.
- hesperidins and hesperidin sugar adducts can be industrially produced by a known method using chemical synthesis or enzymatic reaction. Hesperidin can also be obtained by extraction from natural products containing it, preferably from plants. These substances are also manufactured and sold as reagents and the like. As an example of commercially available hesperidin, hesperidin “Hamari” from Hamari Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. can be mentioned. Examples of commercially available hesperidin sugar adducts include “Hayashibara Hesperidin S” from Hayashibara Bioscience Institute.
- the aqueous medium used in the present invention refers to water and an aqueous solution of an organic solvent.
- water examples include tap water, distilled water, ion exchange water, and purified water.
- the organic solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is uniformly mixed with water.
- alcohol having 4 or less carbon atoms is preferable, methanol and ethanol are more preferable, and ethanol is more preferable from the viewpoint of being applicable to foods.
- the concentration of the organic solvent in the aqueous solution is preferably 0.1 to 80% by mass (hereinafter simply referred to as “%”), more preferably 1 to 70%, still more preferably 5 to 60%, and more preferably 20 to 50%. Further preferred.
- the aqueous medium used in the present invention may contain a solute.
- the solute is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include acids such as amino acids, inorganic salts, organic salts, and sugars. Soy sauce, ponzu, sauce, fruit juice, vegetable juice, coffee, tea, etc. may be used.
- the content of the (A) poorly water-soluble polyphenols in the aqueous medium in the first method varies depending on the kind of the poorly water-soluble polyphenols, but is usually preferably 0.1 to 100 g / L from the viewpoint of fluidity. 0.5 to 50 g / L is more preferable, 0.7 to 20 g / L is more preferable, and 0.72 to 10 g / L is still more preferable.
- the component (B) of the present invention is preferably dissolved in an aqueous medium.
- the content of the component (B) in the aqueous medium is preferably 0.1 to 200 g / L, more preferably 0.5 to 100 g / L, still more preferably 1 to 50 g / L from the viewpoint of fluidity. More preferably, it is .28 to 4.31 g / L.
- the mass ratio of (A) poorly water-soluble polyphenols to component (B) in the aqueous medium ((A) / (B)) is the solubility of the polyphenol composition obtained after heat treatment and cooling. From this point, 0.005 to 10 is preferable, 0.01 to 10 is more preferable, 0.02 to 3 is still more preferable, and 0.168 to 2.33 is still more preferable.
- the content of hesperidin in the aqueous medium in the second method is preferably 0.1 to 100 g / L, more preferably 0.5 to 50 g / L, still more preferably 1 to 20 g / L from the viewpoint of fluidity. 4 to 18 g / L is more preferable.
- the hesperidin sugar adduct is preferably dissolved in an aqueous medium.
- the content of the hesperidin sugar adduct in the aqueous medium is preferably 0.1 to 200 g / L, more preferably 0.5 to 100 g / L, still more preferably 1 to 50 g / L from the viewpoint of fluidity. More preferably, it is 20 g / L.
- the mass ratio of hesperidin to the hesperidin sugar adduct in the aqueous medium is preferably 0.1 to 20, preferably 0.2 to 20, from the viewpoint of the solubility of the hesperidin composition obtained after heat treatment and cooling. 15, more preferably 0.2 to 10, still more preferably 0.3 to 5, and still more preferably 1.22 to 3.
- the method of heat-treating the poorly water-soluble polyphenols and component (B) and the method of heat-treating hesperidin and hesperidin sugar adduct are not particularly limited, and known methods can be applied.
- the temperature of the heat treatment is 100 to 180 ° C. from the viewpoint of improving the solubility of the poorly water-soluble polyphenols and the thermal stability, more preferably 110 to 170 ° C., still more preferably 120 to 160 ° C. More preferred is ° C.
- the heating means include water vapor and electricity.
- the pressure during the heat treatment is preferably 0 to 10 MPa, more preferably 0.1 to 8 MPa, further preferably 0.1 to 6 MPa, further preferably 0.2 to 6 MPa, and further preferably 0.2 to 4 MPa in terms of gauge pressure.
- 0.25 to 2 MPa is more preferable, 0.3 to 1.5 MPa is more preferable, and 0.3 to 0.6 MPa is further preferable.
- Gas may be used for pressurization, and examples of the gas used include inert gas, water vapor, nitrogen gas, helium gas, and the like.
- the pressurization may be adjusted by a back pressure valve without using gas.
- the heat treatment can be performed by any method such as a batch method, a semi-batch method, and a flow reaction method.
- the flow-type reaction method is preferable in that the reaction time can be easily controlled.
- the time for the heat treatment is preferably 0.1 to 30 minutes after the aqueous medium reaches the set temperature, more preferably 0.2 to 15 minutes, more preferably 0.2 to 15 minutes, from the viewpoint of improving the solubility of the poorly water-soluble polyphenols and heat stability. 0.5 to 8 minutes is preferable.
- the heat treatment time is an average residence time calculated by dividing the volume of the high-temperature and high-pressure part of the reactor by the supply rate of the aqueous medium.
- the flow rate of the aqueous medium in the case of the flow reaction method varies depending on the volume of the reactor. For example, when the reactor volume is 100 mL, 3.3 to 200 mL / min is preferable, and further 6.7 to 150 mL / min. Is preferred.
- the reaction solution obtained by the heat treatment it is preferable to perform a step of cooling the reaction solution obtained by the heat treatment to 90 ° C. or lower, preferably 50 ° C. or lower, more preferably 30 ° C. or lower.
- the lower limit of cooling is not required to be frozen, but is preferably 0 ° C or higher, and more preferably 10 ° C or higher.
- the reaction solution may be mixed and stirred for 0.5 to 5 days, preferably 1 to 3 days.
- the reaction solution may be freeze-dried.
- the cooling rate of the reaction solution calculated from the time required to decrease from the heat treatment temperature to 90 ° C is 0.1 ° C / s or more, further 0.2 ° C / s or more, further 0.5 ° C / s or more, It is preferably 1 ° C./s or more, further 3 ° C./s or more, and more preferably 5 ° C./s or more.
- the greater the cooling rate the better the solubility. For this reason, although the upper limit of a cooling rate is not specifically defined, 100 degrees C / s or less, for example, 50 degrees C / s or less are preferable.
- the method for removing the solid part is not particularly limited, and can be performed, for example, by centrifugation, decantation, or filtration.
- the polyphenol composition obtained by the first method has a high content of poorly water-soluble polyphenols, precipitation of the hardly water-soluble polyphenols is suppressed even at room temperature, and the solubility in water is excellent. Yes. Moreover, the influence of the catechins, chlorogenic acids, or methylated products of poorly water-soluble polyphenols on the flavor of the composition is small. Therefore, the polyphenol composition of the present invention can be used for various foods and beverages, pharmaceuticals and the like. In particular, it is useful to be used for a packaged beverage. Examples of the packaged beverage include tea-based beverages such as green tea, and non-tea beverages such as sports beverages, isotonic beverages, and near water.
- the laminated structure is broken and broken, and there is an interaction between the poorly water-soluble polyphenols and the component (B). And a new layered structure in which the poorly water-soluble polyphenols and the component (B) are mixed is created, and the solubility of the poorly water-soluble polyphenols is greatly improved by maintaining this layered structure even after cooling. It is done.
- the content of (A) poorly water-soluble polyphenols in the polyphenol composition obtained by the first method varies depending on the kind of poorly water-soluble polyphenols, but is preferably 0.1 to 70%, and more preferably 0.2 to 50% is preferred.
- the hesperidin composition obtained by the second method has a high hesperidin content, precipitation of hesperidin is suppressed even at room temperature, and the solubility is excellent.
- the amount of hesperidin dissolved in the hesperidin composition is preferably 1.3 g / L or more, more preferably 2 g / L or more, still more preferably 3 g / L or more, and still more preferably 5 g / L or more.
- the amount dissolved in this specification is the amount dissolved in water at 25 ° C.
- the use of ⁇ -glucosyl hesperidin as a solubilizing agent for hesperidin is conventionally known.
- the mass ratio of hesperidin to hesperidin sugar adduct in the hesperidin composition is 0.3 to 10, more preferably 0.4 to 8, still more preferably 0.5 to 8, and still more preferably 1 to 5.
- the form of the polyphenol composition and the hesperidin composition of the present invention may be in the form of an aqueous solution, or may be a paste obtained by adjusting the amount of water.
- means for adjusting and removing moisture include freeze drying, evaporation to dryness, and spray drying.
- Sample injection volume was 10 ⁇ L, detection was rutin and methyl hesperidin at a wavelength of 360 nm, ferulic acid and caffeic acid were at a wavelength of 320 nm, curcumin was at a wavelength of 425 nm, and other poorly water-soluble polyphenols and hesperidin sugar adducts were quantified by absorbance at a wavelength of 283 nm. .
- the 1-octanol phase and the aqueous phase were separated by centrifugation, and the concentration of polyphenols in each phase was measured by HPLC in the same manner as in the above [Measurement of poorly water-soluble polyphenol].
- the value obtained by taking the common logarithm of the distribution coefficient between the two phases was defined as the logP value.
- a sample is appropriately diluted with distilled water, and a high performance liquid chromatograph (model) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, equipped with a packed column for liquid chromatography L-column TM ODS (4.6 mm ⁇ ⁇ 250 mm: manufactured by Chemical Substance Evaluation Research Organization) SCL-10AVP) and a gradient method at a column temperature of 35 ° C.
- the mobile phase A solution was a distilled aqueous solution containing 0.1 mol / L of acetic acid
- the B solution was an acetonitrile solution containing 0.1 mol / L of acetic acid
- the sample injection amount was 20 ⁇ L
- the UV detector wavelength was 280 nm.
- Example 1 Hesperidin preparation (Hesperidin “Hamari” (trade name), manufactured by Hamari Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., hesperidin content 90%, the same applies hereinafter) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) preparation (TEVIGO, EGCG content manufactured by DMS Nutritional Products) 100%, the same applies hereinafter) was dispersed in distilled water at 10 g / L, dissolved at 4.29 g / L, and uniformly stirred in the slurry supply tank. The liquid in the slurry supply tank was supplied at 100 mL / min to a stainless-steel flow reactor (made by Nitto Koatsu Co., Ltd.) having an internal volume of 100 mL, and the reaction was carried out at 120 ° C.
- a stainless-steel flow reactor made by Nitto Koatsu Co., Ltd.
- Example 2 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the reaction temperature was 110 ° C. Table 1 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of hesperidin and EGCG in the composition.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the reaction temperature was 90 ° C. or 70 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 1 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of hesperidin and EGCG in the composition.
- Example 3 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a purified product of coffee bean extract (chlorogenic acid content 40%, the same applies hereinafter) was used at 10.7 g / L as chlorogenic acids. Table 1 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of hesperidin and chlorogenic acids in the composition.
- Comparative Example 3 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the reaction temperature was 70 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 1 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of hesperidin and chlorogenic acids in the composition.
- Example 4 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a methyl hesperidin preparation (manufactured by Hamari Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., methyl hesperidin content 100%, the same applies hereinafter) was used instead of the EGCG preparation. It was. Table 1 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentration of hesperidin and methyl hesperidin in the composition.
- a methyl hesperidin preparation manufactured by Hamari Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., methyl hesperidin content 100%, the same applies hereinafter
- Example 5 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the reaction temperature was 150 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0.6 MPa. Table 1 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentration of hesperidin and methyl hesperidin in the composition.
- hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the reaction temperature was 90 ° C. or 25 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 1 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentration of hesperidin and methyl hesperidin in the composition.
- hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the EGCG preparation was not added, the reaction temperature was 25 ° C., and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa.
- the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the hesperidin concentration in the composition are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 A quercetin composition as a quercetin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a quercetin preparation (manufactured by ACROS ORGANICS, quercetin content 95%) was used as the poorly water-soluble polyphenol, and the reaction temperature was 150 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0.6 MPa. I got a thing. Table 2 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of quercetin and EGCG in the composition.
- Comparative Example 7 A quercetin composition was obtained as a quercetin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the reaction temperature was 70 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 2 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of quercetin and EGCG in the composition.
- Comparative Example 8 A quercetin composition was obtained as a quercetin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the EGCG preparation was not added, the reaction temperature was 25 ° C., and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 2 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the quercetin concentration in the composition.
- Example 7 Resveratrol as a resveratrol-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.72 g / L of resveratrol preparation (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., for biochemistry) was used as a poorly water-soluble polyphenol. A composition was obtained. Table 3 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the resveratrol and EGCG concentrations in the composition.
- Comparative Example 9 A resveratrol composition was obtained as a resveratrol-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the reaction temperature was 70 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 3 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the resveratrol and EGCG concentrations in the composition.
- Comparative Example 10 A resveratrol composition was obtained as a resveratrol-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the EGCG preparation was not added, the reaction temperature was 25 ° C., and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 3 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the resveratrol concentration in the composition.
- Example 8 A naringin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a naringin preparation (manufactured by ACROS ORGANICS, naringin content 97%, the same applies hereinafter) was used as the hardly water-soluble polyphenol, and the reaction temperature was 150 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0.6 MPa. As obtained Naringin composition. Table 4 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of naringin and EGCG in the composition.
- a naringin preparation manufactured by ACROS ORGANICS, naringin content 97%, the same applies hereinafter
- Table 4 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of naringin and EGCG in the composition.
- Example 9 A naringin composition was obtained as a naringin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 8, except that the reaction temperature was 110 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0.3 MPa. Table 4 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of naringin and EGCG in the composition.
- Comparative Examples 11 and 12 A naringin composition was obtained as a naringin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 8 except that the reaction temperature was 90 ° C or 70 ° C and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 4 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of naringin and EGCG in the composition.
- Example 10 A naringin composition was obtained as a naringin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the naringin preparation and the methyl hesperidin preparation were each dispersed in distilled water at 5 g / L and dissolved at 4.29 g / L. Table 4 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of naringin and methyl hesperidin in the composition.
- Comparative Example 13 A naringin composition was obtained as a naringin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the reaction temperature was 25 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 4 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of naringin and methyl hesperidin in the composition.
- Comparative Example 14 A naringin composition was obtained as a naringin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 8, except that the EGCG preparation was not added, the reaction temperature was 25 ° C., and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 4 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the naringin concentration in the composition.
- Example 11 Contains curcumin in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 10 g / L of curcumin preparation (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., reagent special grade) is used as the poorly water-soluble polyphenol, the reaction temperature is 150 ° C., and the gauge pressure is 0.6 MPa A curcumin composition was obtained as an aqueous solution. Table 5 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measurement of curcumin and EGCG concentrations in the composition.
- Comparative Example 15 A curcumin composition was obtained as a curcumin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the reaction temperature was 70 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 5 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measurement of curcumin and EGCG concentrations in the composition.
- Comparative Example 16 A curcumin composition was obtained as a curcumin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the EGCG preparation was not added, the reaction temperature was 25 ° C., and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 5 shows the reaction conditions and the measurement results of the curcumin concentration in the composition.
- Example 12 2 g / L of a rutin preparation (produced by Tokiwa Phytochemical Laboratories Co., Ltd., rutin content: 100%, hereinafter the same) as a poorly water-soluble polyphenol, and a purified green tea extract (catechin content 15) as catechins
- a rutin composition was obtained as a rutin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 28.6 g / L of an aqueous solution containing 25% gallate body was used at 28.6 g / L.
- the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of rutin and catechins in the composition are shown in Table 6.
- Comparative Example 17 A rutin composition was obtained as a rutin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 12 except that the reaction temperature was 70 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. The reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of rutin and catechins in the composition are shown in Table 6.
- Example 13 A rutin composition was obtained as a rutin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 12 except that a purified coffee bean extract (chlorogenic acid content 40%) was used at 10.7 / L as chlorogenic acids. Table 6 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of rutin and chlorogenic acids in the composition.
- Comparative Example 18 A rutin composition was obtained as a rutin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 13 except that the reaction temperature was 70 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 6 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of rutin and chlorogenic acids in the composition.
- Example 14 Purified product of green tea extract as catechins (aqueous solution containing catechin content 15%, gallate body rate 30%) 14.3 g / L, and purified product of coffee bean extract as chlorogenic acids (chlorogenic acids content 40% ) A rutin composition was obtained as a rutin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 12 except that 5.4 g / L was used. Table 6 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of rutin, catechins and chlorogenic acids in the composition.
- Comparative Example 19 A rutin composition was obtained as a rutin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 14 except that the reaction temperature was 70 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 6 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of rutin, catechins and chlorogenic acids in the composition.
- Example 15 A rutin composition was obtained as a rutin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 12 except that the methyl hesperidin preparation was used at 4.29 g / L instead of the purified green tea extract. Table 6 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of rutin and methyl hesperidin in the composition.
- Comparative Example 20 A rutin composition was obtained as a rutin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 15 except that the reaction temperature was 25 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 6 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentrations of rutin and methyl hesperidin in the composition.
- Comparative Example 21 A rutin composition was obtained as a rutin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 12 except that catechins were not added. The results of measuring the reaction conditions and the rutin concentration in the composition are shown in Table 6.
- Comparative Example 22 A rutin composition was obtained as a rutin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 12 except that the catechins were not added and the reaction temperature was 25 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. The results of measuring the reaction conditions and the rutin concentration in the composition are shown in Table 6.
- Example 16 Ferulic acid formulation (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., ferulic acid content 100%) is used at 6 g / L as poorly water-soluble polyphenols, and purified coffee bean extract is used at 10.7 g / L as chlorogenic acids.
- a ferulic acid composition was obtained as a ferulic acid-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 1 except that.
- Table 7 shows the reaction conditions and the measurement results of ferulic acid and chlorogenic acid concentrations in the composition.
- Comparative Examples 23 and 24 A ferulic acid composition was obtained as a ferulic acid-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 16 except that the reaction temperature was 70 ° C or 25 ° C and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 7 shows the reaction conditions and the measurement results of ferulic acid and chlorogenic acid concentrations in the composition.
- Example 17 Caffeic acid preparation (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., 100% caffeic acid content) was used as a poorly water-soluble polyphenol at 6 g / L, and purified coffee bean extract was used at 10.7 g / L as chlorogenic acids. Except for the above, a caffeic acid composition was obtained as a caffeic acid-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 8 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measurement of caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid concentrations in the composition.
- Comparative Examples 25 and 26 A caffeic acid composition was obtained as a caffeic acid-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 17 except that the reaction temperature was 80 ° C. or 25 ° C. and the gauge pressure was 0 MPa. Table 8 shows the reaction conditions and the results of measurement of caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid concentrations in the composition.
- Example 18 Hesperidin preparation and monoglucosyl hesperidin preparation (Hayashibara Hesperidin S (trade name), manufactured by Hayashibara Biochemical Laboratories Co., Ltd., hesperidin content 17% by mass, monoglucosyl hesperidin content 74% by mass, the same applies hereinafter) in distilled water Dispersed at 10.0 g / L, dissolved at 4.3 g / L, and uniformly stirred in the slurry supply tank. The liquid in the slurry supply tank was supplied at 100 mL / min to a stainless-steel flow reactor (made by Nitto Koatsu Co., Ltd.) having an internal volume of 100 mL, and the reaction was performed at 120 ° C.
- a stainless-steel flow reactor made by Nitto Koatsu Co., Ltd.
- the pressure was adjusted to 1.5 MPa with an outlet valve.
- the reaction liquid was extracted from the outlet of the reactor, cooled to room temperature (25 ° C.), and recovered in a reaction liquid recovery tank. Cooling was performed by continuously exchanging heat with the cooling water of the reaction liquid extracted from the outlet of the flow reactor using a double tube cooler. The collected reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 3 days, and then the solid part was filtered off to obtain a hesperidin composition as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution.
- the reaction conditions and the results of measuring the concentration of hesperidin (HES) and monoglucosyl hesperidin (mGHES) in the composition are shown in Table 9 (hereinafter the same).
- Example 19 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 18 except that the reaction temperature was 150 ° C. Furthermore, water was removed by freeze-drying to obtain a powdered hesperidin composition. When the powdered hesperidin composition was redissolved in water (25 ° C.), it was confirmed that it was dissolved even at 10 g / L.
- Example 20 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 18 except that the reaction temperature was 180 ° C.
- Example 21 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the concentration of the monoglucosyl hesperidin preparation in distilled water was 1.1 g / L.
- Example 22 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the concentration of the hesperidin preparation in distilled water was 20 g / L.
- Comparative Example 27 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 18 except that the reaction temperature was 25 ° C.
- Comparative Example 28 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 18 except that the reaction temperature was 90 ° C.
- Example 23 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 18 except that the concentration of the monoglucosyl hesperidin preparation in distilled water was 10 g / L.
- Example 24 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 23 except that the reaction temperature was 150 ° C.
- Example 25 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 23 except that the reaction temperature was 180 ° C.
- Comparative Example 29 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 23 except that the reaction temperature was 90 ° C.
- Table 9 shows the mass ratio of HES to mGHES in the hesperidin compositions obtained in Examples 18 to 25 and Comparative Examples 27 to 29.
- Example 26 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the hesperidin preparation was dispersed and the aqueous medium for dissolving the monoglucosyl hesperidin preparation was changed from distilled water to a 50 vol% ethanol aqueous solution.
- the results of measuring HES and mGHES in the composition are shown in Table 10 (hereinafter the same).
- Comparative Example 30 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 26 except that the reaction temperature was 25 ° C.
- Table 10 shows the mass ratio of HES to mGHES in the hesperidin compositions obtained in Example 26 and Comparative Example 30.
- a hesperidin composition having a high hesperidin content could be obtained by using an aqueous solution containing an organic solvent as the aqueous medium for the reaction.
- Example 27 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 18 except that soy sauce (pH 4.9, manufactured by Yamasa Soy Sauce Co., Ltd.) was used instead of distilled water. The results of measuring HES and mGHES in the composition are shown in Table 11 (hereinafter the same).
- Example 28 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 18 except that reduced salt soy sauce (pH 4.7, manufactured by Yamasa Soy Sauce Co., Ltd.) was used instead of distilled water, and the pressure was 0.3 MPa.
- reduced salt soy sauce pH 4.7, manufactured by Yamasa Soy Sauce Co., Ltd.
- Example 29 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 18 except that seasoned vinegar (pH 2.0, manufactured by Mitsukan Group Inc.) was used instead of distilled water, and the pressure was 0.3 MPa.
- seasoned vinegar pH 2.0, manufactured by Mitsukan Group Inc.
- Example 30 A hesperidin composition was obtained as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 18 except that the pressure was 0.3 MPa.
- the cooling rate obtained from the cooling time from 120 ° C. to 90 ° C. was 7.06 ° C./s.
- the results of measuring HES and mGHES in the composition are shown in Table 12 (hereinafter the same).
- Example 31 The hesperidin composition was prepared as a hesperidin-containing aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 30 except that the cooling water temperature and flow rate were changed and the cooling rate obtained from the cooling time from 120 ° C. to 90 ° C. was 0.52 ° C./s. Obtained.
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、ポリフェノールには難水溶性のものが多く、それらを清涼飲料等の水性食品へ使用することは難しい。
そこで、これを改善する技術が検討され、例えば、ヘスペリジンにグルコースを結合させたα-グルコシルヘスペリジンが提案されている(特許文献1)。α-グルコシルヘスペリジンは、25℃の水への溶解度が200mg/g以上と高く、且つヘスペリジンと同等の機能を発揮する等の利点がある。
(1)水性媒体の存在下、(A)難水溶性ポリフェノール類と(B)カテキン類、クロロゲン酸類及び難水溶性ポリフェノール類のメチル化物から選ばれる1種又は2種以上を100~180℃で加熱処理する工程を含むポリフェノール組成物の製造方法。
(2)(A)難水溶性ポリフェノール類のlogP値が-1.0~4.0である、上記のポリフェノール組成物の製造方法。
(3)(A)難水溶性ポリフェノール類のlogP値が-0.5~3.5である、上記のポリフェノール組成物の製造方法。
(4)(A)難水溶性ポリフェノール類が、ヘスペリジン、ケルセチン、レスベラトロール、ナリンギン、クルクミン、ルチン、カフェ酸及びフェルラ酸から選択される1種又は2種以上である、上記のポリフェノール組成物の製造方法。
(5)加熱処理する工程において、(B)カテキン類、クロロゲン酸類及び難水溶性ポリフェノール類のメチル化物から選ばれる1種又は2種以上に対する(A)難水溶性ポリフェノール類の質量比(A)/(B)が0.005~10である、上記のポリフェノール組成物の製造方法。
(6)加熱処理する工程において、(B)カテキン類、クロロゲン酸類及び難水溶性ポリフェノール類のメチル化物から選ばれる1種又は2種以上に対する(A)難水溶性ポリフェノール類の質量比(A)/(B)が0.01~10である、上記のポリフェノール組成物の製造方法。
(7)加熱処理する工程において、(B)カテキン類、クロロゲン酸類及び難水溶性ポリフェノール類のメチル化物から選ばれる1種又は2種以上に対する(A)難水溶性ポリフェノール類の質量比(A)/(B)が0.02~3である、上記のポリフェノール組成物の製造方法。
(8)加熱処理する工程において、(B)カテキン類、クロロゲン酸類及び難水溶性ポリフェノール類のメチル化物から選ばれる1種又は2種以上に対する(A)難水溶性ポリフェノール類の質量比(A)/(B)が0.168~2.33である、上記のポリフェノール組成物の製造方法。
(9)難水溶性ポリフェノール類のメチル化物がメチルヘスペリジンである、上記のポリフェノール組成物の製造方法。
(10)更に、加熱処理して得られた反応液を冷却する工程、及び冷却された反応液から固体部を除去する工程を含む、上記のポリフェノール組成物の製造方法。
(11)上記の製造方法により得られる、ポリフェノール組成物。
(12)水性媒体の存在下、ヘスペリジン及びヘスペリジン糖付加物を100~180℃で加熱処理する工程を含むヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(13)ヘスペリジン糖付加物がグルコシルヘスペリジンである、上記のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(14)ヘスペリジン糖付加物がモノグルコシルヘスペリジンである、上記のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(15)加熱処理する工程において、ヘスペリジン糖付加物に対するヘスペリジンの質量比を0.1~20とする、上記のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(16)加熱処理する工程において、ヘスペリジン糖付加物に対するヘスペリジンの質量比を0.2~15とする、上記のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(17)加熱処理する工程において、ヘスペリジン糖付加物に対するヘスペリジンの質量比を0.2~10とする、請求項11~13のいずれか1項記載のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(18)加熱処理する工程において、ヘスペリジン糖付加物に対するヘスペリジンの質量比を0.3~5とする、上記のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(19)加熱処理する工程において、ヘスペリジン糖付加物に対するヘスペリジンの質量比を1.22~3とする、上記のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(20)水性媒体が水又は炭素数4以下のアルコールを含有する水溶液である、上記のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(21)更に、加熱処理して得られた反応液を冷却する工程、及び冷却された反応液から固体部を除去する工程を含む、上記のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(22)反応液を冷却する工程において、加熱処理温度から90℃までの冷却速度が0.1℃/s以上である、上記のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(23)反応液を冷却する工程において、加熱処理温度から90℃までの冷却速度が0.2℃/s以上である、上記のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(24)反応液を冷却する工程において、加熱処理温度から90℃までの冷却速度が0.5℃/s以上である、上記のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(25)反応液を冷却する工程において、加熱処理温度から90℃までの冷却速度が1℃/s以上である、上記のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(26)反応液を冷却する工程において、加熱処理温度から90℃までの冷却速度が3℃/s以上である、上記のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(27)反応液を冷却する工程において、加熱処理温度から90℃までの冷却速度が5℃/s以上である、上記のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(28)反応液を冷却する工程において、加熱処理温度から90℃までの冷却速度が100℃/s以下である、上記のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(29)反応液を冷却する工程において、加熱処理温度から90℃までの冷却速度が50℃/s以下である、上記のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(30)ヘスペリジン組成物の形態が水溶液状又は粉末状である、上記のスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
(31)ヘスペリジン糖付加物に対するヘスペリジンの質量比が0.3~10である、ヘスペリジン組成物。
(32)ヘスペリジン糖付加物に対するヘスペリジンの質量比が0.4~8である、上記のヘスペリジン組成物。
(33)ヘスペリジン糖付加物に対するヘスペリジンの質量比が0.5~8である、上記のヘスペリジン組成物。
(34)ヘスペリジン糖付加物に対するヘスペリジンの質量比が1~5である、上記のヘスペリジン組成物。
(35)水に対する25℃でのヘスペリジン溶解量が1.3g/L以上である、上記のヘスペリジン組成物。
(36)水に対する25℃でのヘスペリジン溶解量が2g/L以上である、上記のヘスペリジン組成物。
(37)水に対する25℃でのヘスペリジン溶解量が3g/L以上である、上記のヘスペリジン組成物。
(38)水に対する25℃でのヘスペリジン溶解量が5g/L以上である、上記のヘスペリジン組成物。
(39)上記の製造方法により得られる、ヘスペリジン糖付加物に対するヘスペリジンの質量比が0.3~10である、ヘスペリジン組成物。
(40)上記の製造方法により得られる、ヘスペリジン糖付加物に対するヘスペリジンの質量比が0.4~8である、ヘスペリジン組成物。
(41)上記の製造方法により得られる、ヘスペリジン糖付加物に対するヘスペリジンの質量比が0.5~8である、ヘスペリジン組成物。
(42)上記の製造方法により得られる、ヘスペリジン糖付加物に対するヘスペリジンの質量比が1~5である、ヘスペリジン組成物。
また、本発明は、ヘスペリジンの含有量が高く、かつ溶解性に優れるヘスペリジン組成物、並びに該ヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法を提供することに関する。
また、本発明者らは、ヘスペリジンの可溶化技術について種々検討したところ、水性媒体の存在下、ヘスペリジンとヘスペリジン糖付加物を100℃以上で加熱処理することで飛躍的にヘスペリジンの溶解濃度が増加すること、更に斯かる処理を経た組成物では室温下においてもヘスペリジンの析出が抑えられ高いヘスペリジンの溶解性が維持されることを見出した。
また、本発明によれば、水等に対するヘスペリジンの溶解濃度を増加させることができ、ヘスペリジン含有率が高いにもかかわらず溶解性に優れるヘスペリジン組成物を提供することができる。
具体的には、ルチン、ケルシトリン、イソケルシトリン、ケルセチン、ミリシトリン、ダイゼイン、ダイジン、グリシテイン、グリシチン、ゲニステイン、ゲニスチン、ミリセチン、ヘスペリジン、ネオヘスペリジン、ヘスペレチン、ナリンギン、クルクミン、リンゲニン、プルニン、アストラガリン、ケンフェロール、レスベラトロール、アピイン、アピゲニン、デルフィニジン、デルフィン、ナスニン、ペオニジン、ペオニン、ペツニン、ペオニジン、マルビジン、マルビン、エニン、シアニジン、ロイコシアニジン、シアニン、クリサンテミン、ケラシアニン、イデイン、メコシアニン、ペラルゴニジン、カリステフィン、カフェ酸、フェルラ酸、p-クマル酸等が挙げられる。なかでも、ルチン、ケルセチン、ヘスペリジン、ナリンギン、クルクミン、レスベラトロール、カフェ酸、フェルラ酸が好ましい。難水溶性ポリフェノール類は、1種であっても、2種以上の混合物であってもよい。
ここで、「茶抽出液」とは、茶葉から熱水又は水溶性有機溶媒を用いて抽出された抽出液であって、濃縮や精製操作が行われていないものをいう。なお、水溶性有機溶媒として、例えば、エタノール等の低級アルコールを使用することができる。また、抽出方法としては、ニーダー抽出、攪拌抽出(バッチ抽出)、向流抽出(ドリップ抽出)、カラム抽出等の公知の方法を採用できる。
抽出に使用する茶葉は、その加工方法により、不発酵茶、半発酵茶、発酵茶に大別することができる。不発酵茶としては、例えば、煎茶、番茶、玉露、碾茶、釜入り茶、茎茶、棒茶、芽茶等の緑茶が例示される。また、半発酵茶としては、例えば、鉄観音、色種、黄金桂、武夷岩茶等の烏龍茶が例示される。更に、発酵茶としては、ダージリン、アッサム、スリランカ等の紅茶が例示される。これらは単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。なかでも、カテキン類の含有量の点から、緑茶が好ましい。
茶抽出液等の精製は、溶剤やカラムを用いて精製することにより行うことができる。
また、クロロゲン酸類は、塩の形態でもよく、塩としては、ナトリウム、カリウム等のアルカリ金属との塩、マグネシウム、カルシウム等のアルカリ土類金属との塩、モノエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン等の有機アミンとの塩、アルギニン、リジン、ヒスチジン、オルニチン等の塩基性アミノ酸との塩等が挙げられる。
また、クロロゲン酸類として市販のクロロゲン酸類含有製剤を使用してもよく、例えば、フレーバーホルダーRC(長谷川香料(株))が挙げられる。
本発明において、より好適なメチルヘスペリジンとしては、化合物(C)と化合物(D)の混合物が挙げられる。
本発明においては、成分(B)としてカテキン類、クロロゲン酸類又はメチルヘスペリジンを単独で又は2種以上組み合わせて用いることができる。
ヘスペリジンは、ヘスペレチン(5,7,3’-トリヒドロキシ-4’-メトキシフラバノン)の7位の水酸基にルチノース(L-ラムノシル-(α1→6)-D-グルコース)がβ結合した化合物である。
水性媒体として有機溶媒の水溶液を使用することにより、得られるヘスペリジン組成物中のヘスペリジンの含有率を高めることができるため好ましい。
また、本発明で用いる水性媒体は、溶質を含むものであってもよい。溶質は特に限定されず、アミノ酸等の酸、無機塩、有機塩、糖等が例示される。醤油、ポン酢、たれ、果汁、野菜汁、コーヒー、茶等を用いてもよい。
第1の方法における水性媒体中の(A)難水溶性ポリフェノール類の含有量は、難水溶性ポリフェノール類の種類によって異なるが、通常、流動性の点から、0.1~100g/Lが好ましく、0.5~50g/Lがより好ましく、0.7~20g/Lが更に好ましく、0.72~10g/Lが更に好ましい。
また、ヘスペリジン糖付加物は水性媒体に溶解して用いるのが好ましい。水性媒体中のヘスペリジン糖付加物の含有量は、流動性の点から、0.1~200g/Lが好ましく、0.5~100g/Lがより好ましく、1~50g/Lが更に好ましく、5~20g/Lが更に好ましい。
加熱処理の温度は、難水溶性ポリフェノール類の溶解性向上と熱安定性の点から、100~180℃であるが、110~170℃がより好ましく、120~160℃が更に好ましく、120~150℃が更に好ましい。加熱の手段は、例えば、水蒸気、電気が挙げられる。
流通式反応方式で行う場合、加熱処理の時間は、反応器の高温高圧部の体積を水性媒体の供給速度で割ることにより算出される平均滞留時間を用いる。
加熱処理温度から90℃まで低下するのに要した時間から算出される反応液の冷却速度は0.1℃/s以上、更に0.2℃/s以上、更に0.5℃/s以上、1℃/s以上、更に3℃/s以上、更に5℃/s以上が好ましい。冷却速度が大きいほど溶解度を改善することができる。このため、冷却速度の上限は特に定めないが、例えば100℃/s以下、更に50℃/s以下が好ましい。
なお、(A)難水溶性ポリフェノール類と成分(B)を100℃以上で加熱処理することにより難水溶性ポリフェノール類の溶解性を向上できる理由は明らかではないが、UVスペクトル解析より、以下のように推測される。難水溶性ポリフェノール類、カテキン類、クロロゲン酸類及び難水溶性ポリフェノール類のメチル化物は、溶解度の差はあるもののそれぞれの分子が自己会合し、疎水部を積層させて、親水部を外にむけた構造を取ることにより水に溶解していると考えられる。ここで、両成分が水性媒体中に共存し、100℃以上の熱が加えられると、積層構造が崩れてバラバラになり、且つ難水溶性ポリフェノール類と成分(B)との間で相互作用が生じ、難水溶性ポリフェノール類と成分(B)が混在する新たな積層構造が作られ、冷却後もこの積層構造が維持されることで難水溶性ポリフェノール類の溶解性が飛躍的に向上すると考えられる。
ヘスペリジン組成物のヘスペリジン溶解量は、好ましくは1.3g/L以上であり、より好ましくは2g/L以上、更に好ましくは3g/L以上、更に好ましくは5g/L以上である。本明細書における溶解量は、水に対する25℃での溶解量である。
α-グルコシルヘスペリジンをヘスペリジンの可溶化剤に用いることは従来知られていることであるが、特許文献3に記載されているように、α-グルコシルヘスペリジンによる可溶化作用は限定的なものであった。従って、100℃以上で加熱処理することによる上記効果は先行技術からは予想できない意外な効果といえる。
ヘスペリジンとヘスペリジン糖付加物を100℃以上で加熱処理することにより上記課題を解決できる理由は明らかではないが、UVスペクトル解析より、以下のように推測される。ヘスペリジンとヘスペリジン糖付加物は、溶解度の差はあるもののそれぞれの分子が自己会合し、疎水部を積層させて、親水部を外にむけた構造を取ることにより水に溶解していると考えられる。ここで、両成分が水性媒体中に共存し、100℃以上の熱が加えられると、積層構造が崩れてバラバラになり、且つヘスペリジンとヘスペリジン糖付加物の間で相互作用が生じ、ヘスペリジンとヘスペリジン糖付加物が混在する新たな積層構造が作られ、冷却後もこの積層構造が維持されることでヘスペリジンの溶解性が飛躍的に向上すると考えられる。
難水溶性ポリフェノール類、メチルヘスペリジン及びヘスペリジン糖付加物の測定は、日立製作所製高速液体クロマトグラフを用い、インタクト社製カラムCadenza CD-C18 (4.6mmφ×150mm、 3μm)を装着し、カラム温度40℃でグラジエント法により行った。移動相A液は0.05mol/L酢酸水溶液、B液はアセトニトリルとし、1.0mL/分で送液した。グラジエント条件は以下のとおりである。
時間(分) A液(%) B液(%)
0 85 15
20 80 20
35 10 90
50 10 90
40.1 85 15
60 85 15
試料注入量は10μL、検出はルチンとメチルヘスペリジンは波長360nm、フェルラ酸とカフェ酸は波長320nm、クルクミンは波長425nm、その他の難水溶性ポリフェノール類及びヘスペリジン糖付加物は波長283nmの吸光度により定量した。
日本工業規格 Z7260-107記載のフラスコ振盪法に従って測定した。まず1-オクタノールと蒸留水を25℃で24時間振とうして平衡化させた。次いで蓋付きガラス瓶にポリフェノール10mgを量りとり、平衡化させた1-オクタノールと蒸留水をそれぞれ4mLずつ加え、25℃で4日間振とうした。遠心分離により1-オクタノール相と水相を分け、上記[難水溶性ポリフェノールの測定]と同様にしてHPLCにより各相のポリフェノール類の濃度を測定した。2相間の分配係数の常用対数を取った値をlogP値とした。
試料を蒸留水で適宜希釈し、液体クロマトグラフ用パックドカラム L-カラムTM ODS(4.6mmφ×250mm:財団法人 化学物質評価研究機構製)を装着した、島津製作所製、高速液体クロマトグラフ(型式SCL-10AVP)を用いて、カラム温度35℃でグラジエント法により測定した。移動相A液は酢酸を0.1mol/L含有の蒸留水溶液、B液は酢酸を0.1mol/L含有のアセトニトリル溶液とし、試料注入量は20μL、UV検出器波長は280nmの条件で行った。
時間(分) A液(%(v/v)) B液(%(v/v))
0 97 3
5 97 3
37 80 20
43 80 20
43.5 0 100
48.5 0 100
49 97 3
62 97 3
(分析機器)
HPLC(日立製作所(株)製)を使用した。装置の構成ユニットの型番は次の通り。
送液ユニット(デガッサ内蔵):L-2130、
オートサンプラ(クーラー付):L-2200、
カラムオーブン:L-2300、
分離カラム:Cadenza CD-C18、Size:4.6mm i.d.×150mm、3μm(インタクト(株))
検出器(紫外可視吸光光度計):L-2420
サンプル注入量:10μL、
流量:1.0mL/min、
紫外線吸光光度計検出波長:325nm(クロロゲン酸類)、
溶離液A:0.05mol/L酢酸、0.01mol/L酢酸ナトリウム、及び0.1mmol/L HEDPOを含有する5%アセトニトリル、
溶離液B:アセトニトリル
時間(分) A液(%(v/v)) B液(%(v/v))
0 100 0
10 100 0
15 95 5
20 95 5
22 92 8
50 92 8
52 10 90
60 10 90
60.1 100 0
70 100 0
ヘスペリジン製剤(ヘスペリジン「ハマリ」(商品名)、浜理薬品工業(株)製、ヘスペリジン含有量90%、以下同じ)とエピガロカテキンガレート(EGCG)製剤(DMS Nutritional Products社製TEAVIGO、EGCG含有量100%、以下同じ)を蒸留水にそれぞれ10g/Lで分散、4.29g/Lで溶解し、スラリー供給タンク内で均一攪拌した。内容積100mLのステンレス製流通式反応器(日東高圧(株)製)に、スラリー供給タンク内の液を100mL/分で供給し、120℃で反応を行った(平均滞留時間1分)。圧力は出口バルブにより0.3MPa(ゲージ圧力)に調整した。反応器出口から反応液を抜き出し、室温(25℃)まで冷却して回収した。回収した液は室温で3日間、振とう攪拌後、固体部を濾別し、ヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のヘスペリジン及びEGCG濃度を測定した結果を表1に示した。
反応温度110℃とした以外は実施例1と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のヘスペリジン及びEGCG濃度を測定した結果を表1に示した。
反応温度を90℃又は70℃、ゲージ圧力を0MPaとした以外は実施例1と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のヘスペリジン及びEGCG濃度を測定した結果を表1に示した。
クロロゲン酸類としてコーヒー豆抽出物の精製物(クロロゲン酸類含有量40%、以下同じ)を10.7g/Lで用いた以外は実施例1と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のヘスペリジン及びクロロゲン酸類濃度を測定した結果を表1に示した。
反応温度70℃、ゲージ圧力0MPaとした以外は実施例3と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のヘスペリジン及びクロロゲン酸類濃度を測定した結果を表1に示した。
EGCG製剤に代えて、メチルヘスペリジン製剤(浜理薬品工業(株)製、メチルヘスペリジン含有量100%、以下同じ)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のヘスペリジン及びメチルヘスペリジン濃度を測定した結果を表1に示した。
反応温度150℃、ゲージ圧力0.6MPaとした以外は実施例4と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のヘスペリジン及びメチルヘスペリジン濃度を測定した結果を表1に示した。
反応温度を90℃又は25℃、ゲージ圧力を0MPaとした以外は実施例4と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のヘスペリジン及びメチルヘスペリジン濃度を測定した結果を表1に示した。
EGCG製剤を添加せず、反応温度25℃、ゲージ圧力0MPaとした以外は実施例1と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のヘスペリジン濃度を測定した結果を表1に示した。
難水溶性ポリフェノール類としてケルセチン製剤(ACROS ORGANICS社製、ケルセチン含有量95%)を用い、反応温度150℃、ゲージ圧力0.6MPaとした以外は実施例1と同様にしてケルセチン含有水溶液としてケルセチン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のケルセチン及びEGCG濃度を測定した結果を表2に示した。
反応温度70℃、ゲージ圧力0MPaとした以外は実施例6と同様にしてケルセチン含有水溶液としてケルセチン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のケルセチン及びEGCG濃度を測定した結果を表2に示した。
EGCG製剤を添加せず、反応温度25℃、ゲージ圧力0MPaとした以外は実施例6と同様にしてケルセチン含有水溶液としてケルセチン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のケルセチン濃度を測定した結果を表2に示した。
難水溶性ポリフェノール類としてレスベラトロール製剤(和光純薬工業(株)製、生化学用)を0.72g/L用いた以外は実施例1と同様にしてレスベラトロール含有水溶液としてレスベラトロール組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のレスベラトロール及びEGCG濃度を測定した結果を表3に示した。
反応温度70℃、ゲージ圧力0MPaとした以外は実施例7と同様にしてレスベラトロール含有水溶液としてレスベラトロール組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のレスベラトロール及びEGCG濃度を測定した結果を表3に示した。
EGCG製剤を添加せず、反応温度25℃、ゲージ圧力0MPaとした以外は実施例7と同様にして、レスベラトロール含有水溶液としてレスベラトロール組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のレスベラトロール濃度を測定した結果を表3に示した。
難水溶性ポリフェノール類としてナリンギン製剤(ACROS ORGANICS社製、ナリンギン含有量97%、以下同じ)を用い、反応温度150℃、ゲージ圧力0.6MPaとした以外は実施例1と同様にしてナリンギン含有水溶液としてナリンギン成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のナリンギン及びEGCG濃度を測定した結果を表4に示した。
反応温度110℃、ゲージ圧力0.3MPaとした以外は実施例8と同様にしてナリンギン含有水溶液としてナリンギン成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のナリンギン及びEGCG濃度を測定した結果を表4に示した。
反応温度を90℃又は70℃、ゲージ圧力0MPaとした以外は実施例8と同様にしてナリンギン含有水溶液としてナリンギン成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のナリンギン及びEGCG濃度を測定した結果を表4に示した。
ナリンギン製剤とメチルヘスペリジン製剤を蒸留水にそれぞれ5g/Lで分散、4.29g/Lで溶解した以外は実施例1と同様にしてナリンギン含有水溶液としてナリンギン成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のナリンギン及びメチルヘスペリジン濃度を測定した結果を表4に示した。
反応温度25℃、ゲージ圧力0MPaとした以外は実施例10と同様にしてナリンギン含有水溶液としてナリンギン成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のナリンギン及びメチルヘスペリジン濃度を測定した結果を表4に示した。
EGCG製剤を添加せず、反応温度25℃、ゲージ圧力0MPaとした以外は実施例8と同様にしてナリンギン含有水溶液としてナリンギン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のナリンギン濃度を測定した結果を表4に示した。
難水溶性ポリフェノール類としてクルクミン製剤(和光純薬工業(株)製、試薬特級)を10g/L用い、反応温度150℃、ゲージ圧力0.6MPaとした以外は実施例1と同様にしてクルクミン含有水溶液としてクルクミン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のクルクミン及びEGCG濃度を測定した結果を表5に示した。
反応温度70℃、ゲージ圧力0MPaとした以外は実施例11と同様にしてクルクミン含有水溶液としてクルクミン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のクルクミン及びEGCG濃度を測定した結果を表5に示した。
EGCG製剤を添加せず、反応温度25℃、ゲージ圧力0MPaとした以外は実施例11と同様にしてクルクミン含有水溶液としてクルクミン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のクルクミン濃度を測定した結果を表5に示した。
難水溶性ポリフェノール類としてルチン製剤((株)常盤植物化学研究所製、ルチン含有量100%、以下、同じ)を2g/L用い、カテキン類として緑茶抽出物の精製物(カテキン類含有量15%を含む水溶液、ガレート体率30%)を28.6g/Lで用いた以外は実施例1と同様にしてルチン含有水溶液としてルチン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のルチン及びカテキン類濃度を測定した結果を表6に示した。
反応温度70℃、ゲージ圧力0MPaとした以外は実施例12と同様にしてルチン含有水溶液としてルチン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のルチン及びカテキン類濃度を測定した結果を表6に示した。
クロロゲン酸類としてコーヒー豆抽出物の精製物(クロロゲン酸類含有量40%)を10.7/Lで用いた以外は実施例12と同様にしてルチン含有水溶液としてルチン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のルチン及びクロロゲン酸類濃度を測定した結果を表6に示した。
反応温度70℃、ゲージ圧力0MPaとした以外は実施例13と同様にしてルチン含有水溶液としてルチン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のルチン及びクロロゲン酸類濃度を測定した結果を表6に示した。
カテキン類として緑茶抽出物の精製物(カテキン類含有量15%を含む水溶液、ガレート体率30%)14.3g/L、及びクロロゲン酸類としてコーヒー豆抽出物の精製物(クロロゲン酸類含有量40%)5.4g/Lを用いた以外は実施例12と同様にしてルチン含有水溶液としてルチン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のルチン、カテキン類及びクロロゲン酸類濃度を測定した結果を表6に示した。
反応温度70℃、ゲージ圧力0MPaとした以外は実施例14と同様にしてルチン含有水溶液としてルチン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のルチン、カテキン類及びクロロゲン酸類濃度を測定した結果を表6に示した。
緑茶抽出物の精製物に代えて、メチルヘスペリジン製剤を4.29g/Lで用いた以外は実施例12と同様にしてルチン含有水溶液としてルチン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のルチン及びメチルヘスペリジン濃度を測定した結果を表6に示した。
反応温度25℃、ゲージ圧力0MPaとした以外は実施例15と同様にしてルチン含有水溶液としてルチン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のルチン及びメチルヘスペリジン濃度を測定した結果を表6に示した。
カテキン類を添加しなかった以外は実施例12と同様にしてルチン含有水溶液としてルチン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のルチン濃度を測定した結果を表6に示した。
カテキン類を添加せず、反応温度25℃、ゲージ圧力0MPaとした以外は実施例12と同様にしてルチン含有水溶液としてルチン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のルチン濃度を測定した結果を表6に示した。
難水溶性ポリフェノール類としてフェルラ酸製剤(東京化成工業(株)製、フェルラ酸含有量100%)を6g/Lで用い、クロロゲン酸類としてコーヒー豆抽出物の精製物を10.7g/Lで用いた以外は実施例1と同様にしてフェルラ酸含有水溶液としてフェルラ酸組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のフェルラ酸及びクロロゲン酸濃度を測定した結果を表7に示した。
反応温度を70℃又は25℃、ゲージ圧力を0MPaとした以外は実施例16と同様にしてフェルラ酸含有水溶液としてフェルラ酸組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のフェルラ酸及びクロロゲン酸濃度を測定した結果を表7に示した。
難水溶性ポリフェノール類としてカフェ酸製剤(東京化成工業(株)製、カフェ酸含有量100%)を6g/L用い、クロロゲン酸類としてコーヒー豆抽出物の精製物を10.7g/Lで用いた以外は実施例1と同様にしてカフェ酸含有水溶液としてカフェ酸組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のカフェ酸及びクロロゲン酸濃度を測定した結果を表8に示した。
反応温度を80℃又は25℃、ゲージ圧力を0MPaとした以外は実施例17と同様にしてカフェ酸含有水溶液としてカフェ酸組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のカフェ酸及びクロロゲン酸濃度を測定した結果を表8に示した。
また、いずれの組成物も、穀物臭等の異臭がなく、カテキン類、クロロゲン酸類を用いたものは、それらによる適度な苦みをもっており、様々な飲食品や医薬品、特に機能性飲料としてふさわしい風味であった。
ヘスペリジン製剤とモノグルコシルヘスペリジン製剤(林原ヘスペリジンS(商品名)、(株)林原生物化学研究所製、ヘスペリジン含有量17質量%、モノグルコシルヘスペリジン含有量74質量%、以下同じ)を蒸留水にそれぞれ10.0g/Lで分散、4.3g/Lで溶解し、スラリー供給タンク内で均一攪拌した。内容積100mLのステンレス製流通式反応器(日東高圧(株)製)に、スラリー供給タンク内の液を100mL/分で供給し、120℃で反応を行った(平均滞留時間1分)。圧力は出口バルブにより1.5MPaに調整した。反応器出口から反応液を抜き出し、室温(25℃)まで冷却して反応液回収タンクに回収した。冷却は、流通式反応器出口から抜出された反応液を2重管式冷却器を用いて冷却水で連続的に熱交換することにより行った。
回収した反応液を室温で3日間攪拌後、固体部を濾別し、ヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。反応条件と組成物中のヘスペリジン(HES)及びモノグルコシルヘスペリジン(mGHES)濃度を測定した結果を表9に示した(以下、同じ)。
反応温度を150℃にした以外は実施例18と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。更に凍結乾燥により水分を除去して粉末状のヘスペリジン組成物を得た。粉末状のヘスペリジン組成物を水(25℃)に再溶解したところ、10g/Lにおいても溶解することを確認した。
反応温度を180℃にした以外は実施例18と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。
モノグルコシルヘスペリジン製剤の蒸留水中の濃度を1.1g/Lとした以外は実施例19と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。
ヘスペリジン製剤の蒸留水中の濃度を20g/Lとした以外は実施例19と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。
反応温度を25℃にした以外は実施例18と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。
反応温度を90℃にした以外は実施例18と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。
モノグルコシルヘスペリジン製剤の蒸留水中の濃度を10g/Lとした以外は実施例18と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。
反応温度を150℃にした以外は実施例23と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。
反応温度を180℃にした以外は実施例23と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。
反応温度を90℃にした以外は実施例23と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。
ヘスペリジン製剤を分散、モノグルコシルヘスペリジン製剤を溶解させる水性媒体を蒸留水から50vol%エタノール水溶液にした以外は実施例19と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。組成物中のHES及びmGHESを測定した結果を表10に示す(以下、同じ)。
反応温度を25℃にした以外は実施例26と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。
蒸留水の代わりに醤油(pH4.9、ヤマサ醤油(株)製)を用いた以外は実施例18と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。組成物中のHES及びmGHESを測定した結果を表11に示す(以下、同じ)。
蒸留水の代わりに減塩醤油(pH4.7、ヤマサ醤油(株)製)を用い、圧力を0.3MPaとした以外は実施例18と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。
蒸留水の代わりに味付けぽん酢(pH2.0、(株)ミツカングループ本社製)を用い、圧力を0.3MPaとした以外は実施例18と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。
圧力を0.3MPaとした以外は実施例18と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。120℃から90℃までの冷却時間から求めた冷却速度は7.06℃/sであった。組成物中のHES及びmGHESを測定した結果を表12に示す(以下、同じ)。
冷却水の温度と流量を変化させ、120℃から90℃までの冷却時間から求めた冷却速度を0.52℃/sとした以外は実施例30と同様にしてヘスペリジン含有水溶液としてヘスペリジン組成物を得た。
Claims (19)
- 水性媒体の存在下、(A)難水溶性ポリフェノール類と(B)カテキン類、クロロゲン酸類及び難水溶性ポリフェノール類のメチル化物から選ばれる1種又は2種以上を100~180℃で加熱処理する工程を含むポリフェノール組成物の製造方法。
- (A)難水溶性ポリフェノール類のlogP値が-1.0~4.0である、請求項1記載のポリフェノール組成物の製造方法。
- (A)難水溶性ポリフェノール類が、ヘスペリジン、ケルセチン、レスベラトロール、ナリンギン、クルクミン、ルチン、カフェ酸及びフェルラ酸から選択される1種又は2種以上である請求項1又は2記載のポリフェノール組成物の製造方法。
- 加熱処理する工程において、(B)カテキン類、クロロゲン酸類及び難水溶性ポリフェノール類のメチル化物から選ばれる1種又は2種以上に対する(A)難水溶性ポリフェノール類の質量比(A)/(B)が0.005~10である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載のポリフェノール組成物の製造方法。
- 難水溶性ポリフェノール類のメチル化物がメチルヘスペリジンである、請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載のポリフェノール組成物の製造方法。
- 更に、加熱処理して得られた反応液を冷却する工程、及び冷却された反応液から固体部を除去する工程を含む、請求項1~5のいずれか1項記載のポリフェノール組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項記載の製造方法により得られる、ポリフェノール組成物。
- 水性媒体の存在下、ヘスペリジン及びヘスペリジン糖付加物を100~180℃で加熱処理する工程を含むヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
- ヘスペリジン糖付加物がグルコシルヘスペリジンである、請求項8記載のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
- ヘスペリジン糖付加物がモノグルコシルヘスペリジンである、請求項8記載のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
- 加熱処理する工程において、ヘスペリジン糖付加物に対するヘスペリジンの質量比を0.1~20とする、請求項8~10のいずれか1項記載のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
- 水性媒体が水又は炭素数4以下のアルコールを含有する水溶液である、請求項8~11のいずれか1項記載のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
- 更に、加熱処理して得られた反応液を冷却する工程、及び冷却された反応液から固体部を除去する工程を含む、請求項8~12のいずれか1項記載のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
- 反応液を冷却する工程において、加熱処理温度から90℃までの冷却速度が0.1℃/s以上である、請求項13記載のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
- 反応液を冷却する工程において、加熱処理温度から90℃までの冷却速度が100℃/s以下である、請求項13又は14記載のヘスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
- ヘスペリジン組成物の形態が水溶液状又は粉末状である、請求項8~15のいずれか1項記載のスペリジン組成物の製造方法。
- ヘスペリジン糖付加物に対するヘスペリジンの質量比が0.3~10であるヘスペリジン組成物。
- 水に対する25℃でのヘスペリジン溶解量が1.3g/L以上である、請求項17記載のヘスペリジン組成物。
- 請求項8~16のいずれか1項記載の製造方法により得られる、ヘスペリジン糖付加物に対するヘスペリジンの質量比が0.3~10であるヘスペリジン組成物。
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