WO2011155428A1 - 蓄光性蛍光体および蓄光性顔料 - Google Patents
蓄光性蛍光体および蓄光性顔料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011155428A1 WO2011155428A1 PCT/JP2011/062896 JP2011062896W WO2011155428A1 WO 2011155428 A1 WO2011155428 A1 WO 2011155428A1 JP 2011062896 W JP2011062896 W JP 2011062896W WO 2011155428 A1 WO2011155428 A1 WO 2011155428A1
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- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
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- the present invention relates to a phosphorescent phosphor.
- the present invention relates to a phosphorescent phosphor having excellent afterglow luminance when used outdoors.
- the afterglow time of a phosphor is extremely short, and when the stimulus from the outside is stopped, the light emission attenuates quickly.
- sulfide phosphors such as CaS: Bi (purple blue light emission), CaSrS: Bi (blue light emission), ZnS: Cu (green light emission), ZnCdS: Cu (yellow-orange light emission) are known. It has been.
- any of these sulfide phosphors has problems such as being chemically unstable and inferior in light resistance. Further, even when this zinc sulfide-based phosphorescent phosphor is used in a night time clock, there is a problem in practical use such that the afterglow time in which the time can be recognized with the naked eye is about 30 minutes to 2 hours.
- a phosphorescent phosphor that has a long afterglow compared to commercially available sulfide-based phosphors, is chemically stable, and has excellent light resistance over a long period of time.
- a compound represented by MAl 2 O 4 in which M is a phosphorescent phosphor in which a mother crystal is a compound composed of at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of calcium, strontium, and barium (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
- the invention of the aluminate-based phosphorescent phosphor described in Patent Document 1 has a much longer afterglow than the conventional sulfide-based phosphorescent phosphor.
- it is an oxide-based phosphorescent phosphor, it is chemically stable and has excellent light resistance, so that it is possible to provide a phosphorescent phosphor with long afterglow applicable to various applications. It has become possible.
- the applicant proposed a phosphorescent phosphor having high afterglow luminance even in low illumination conditions in order to meet the needs of safety applications used in low illumination environments such as indoor safety signs for evacuation guidance (for example, , See Patent Document 2).
- indoor safety signs for evacuation guidance for example, , See Patent Document 2.
- the need for low illumination conditions such as indoors is satisfied.
- phosphorescent phosphors suitable for outdoor applications, particularly for outdoor signs, safety signs and guidance signs that is, when excited by sunlight to sunset Occasionally, there is a need for phosphorescent phosphors having high afterglow brightness after 10 to 12 hours after sunset.
- Non-Patent Document 1 When such sunlight is used as the excitation source of the phosphorescent phosphor, the illuminance depends on the weather. However, according to a report investigating excitation conditions in such outdoor applications, it is only necessary to evaluate the amount of UV irradiation even in fine weather or cloudy weather, and simulate the intensity of UV radiation from daytime to sunset. In order to reproduce, it is said that irradiation is performed for 60 minutes or more and 180 minutes or less under an ultraviolet radiation intensity of 400 ⁇ W / cm 2 using a xenon lamp as a light source (see Non-Patent Document 1).
- an object of the present invention is to provide a phosphorescent phosphor that has excellent afterglow luminance after 10 to 12 hours after sunset under outdoor excitation conditions.
- a phosphorescent phosphor having a specific composition listed below That is, when irradiation is performed for 60 minutes under an ultraviolet radiation intensity of 400 ⁇ W / cm 2 using an xenon lamp which is an excitation condition equivalent to the outdoor excitation condition until sunset, it is excellent after a long time, particularly after 10 to 12 hours.
- a phosphorescent phosphor having a specific composition having afterglow brightness has been found.
- Phosphorescent phosphor according to claim 1 wherein is represented by the formula (Sr 1-a-b- x-y Mg a Ba b Eu x Dy y) Al 2 O 4, a is 0.02 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.1, b is 0.03 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.15, x is 0.001 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.04, and y is 0.00. 004 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.05, and (a + b) is characterized by 0.08 ⁇ (a + b) ⁇ 0.2. And by setting it as said composition, it becomes a luminous fluorescent substance which has the outstanding afterglow brightness
- the phosphorescent phosphor according to claim 2 is represented by a formula of (Sr 1-ac-xy MG a Ca c Eu x D y y ) Al 2 O 4 , a is 0.02 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.1, c is 0.05 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.1, x is 0.001 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.04, and y is 0.00. It is characterized by 004 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.05. And by setting it as said composition, it becomes a luminous fluorescent substance which has the outstanding afterglow brightness
- the phosphorescent phosphor according to claim 3 is the phosphorescent phosphor according to claim 1, wherein a part of barium (Ba) is replaced with calcium (Ca). Even in the case where a part of barium is replaced with calcium in the phosphorescent phosphor according to claim 1, the phosphorescent phosphor has excellent afterglow luminance after a long time optimum for outdoor use.
- the phosphorescent pigment according to claim 4 is characterized in that the phosphorescent phosphor according to at least one of claims 1 to 3 is mixed with an inorganic blue light emitting phosphor.
- a phosphorescent pigment having a whiter body color is obtained by mixing the phosphorescent phosphor according to at least one of claims 1 to 3 and the inorganic blue light-emitting phosphor.
- the phosphorescent pigment according to claim 5 is the phosphorescent pigment according to claim 4, wherein the inorganic blue light emitting phosphor is Sr 10 (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 : Eu or (Ba, Ca) MgAl 10 O 17 : Eu. It is characterized by at least one of them. Then, by using the inorganic blue light-emitting phosphor as at least one of the above-mentioned two kinds of phosphors, a phosphorescent pigment having a more excellent body color is whitened.
- the phosphorescent phosphor according to any one of claims 1 to 3 when excited under an excitation condition equivalent to an outdoor excitation condition until sunset, an excellent afterglow luminance is obtained after a long time, particularly after 10 hours to 12 hours. It is possible to obtain a phosphorescent phosphor that is particularly suitable for installation outdoors. Moreover, according to the luminous pigment of Claims 4 thru
- 3 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of a phosphorescent phosphor according to an embodiment of the present invention (Sample 1- (10)).
- 2 is a powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the phosphorescent phosphor of one embodiment of the present invention (Sample 1- (10)).
- 4 is a graph showing an excitation spectrum and an emission spectrum of a phosphorescent phosphor according to an embodiment of the present invention (Sample 1- (10)). It is a powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the phosphorescent phosphor of another embodiment of the present invention (Sample 2- (6)).
- 6 is a graph showing an excitation spectrum and an emission spectrum of a phosphorescent phosphor according to another embodiment of the present invention (Sample 2- (6)). It is a graph which shows the thermoluminescence characteristic of the luminous phosphor of the comparative example 1 and one embodiment of the present invention (Sample 1- (10)).
- strontium carbonate (SrCO 3 ) as a raw material for strontium (Sr), for example, magnesium oxide (MgO) or basic magnesium carbonate as a raw material for magnesium, and for example, barium carbonate (BaCO 3) as a raw material for barium.
- Calcium (Ca) as a raw material, for example calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), aluminum as a raw material, for example, alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), and europium (Eu) as an activator, for example, europium oxide (Eu 2).
- the mixed powder is filled in a heat-resistant container such as an alumina crucible and placed in an electric furnace, and the temperature range is 1200 ° C. or higher and 1800 ° C. or lower, preferably 1350 ° C. or higher and 1600 ° C. or lower, and 2 hours or longer and 10 hours or shorter.
- the firing is preferably performed in a reducing atmosphere for 3 hours to 8 hours.
- the reducing atmosphere include nitrogen + hydrogen mixed gas and carbon monoxide gas.
- a reducing atmosphere may be created by firing by placing carbon powder such as activated carbon or graphite on the mixed powder. After firing, it is cooled to room temperature over 2 to 10 hours.
- the obtained fired product is pulverized and sieved to obtain a phosphorescent phosphor having a predetermined particle size.
- carbonate and an oxide were illustrated as a phosphor raw material, if it is a compound decomposed
- boric acid was illustrated as a flux, boron compounds other than boric acid can also be used. Further, if conditions such as a high firing temperature are selected, it can be manufactured without using a flux.
- the particle size distribution was measured with a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer (model: SALD-2100, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). The result is shown in FIG. Further, powder X-ray diffraction analysis was performed using a Cu tube with an X-ray diffractometer (model: XRD-6100, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). The resulting powder X-ray diffraction pattern is shown in FIG. Further, an excitation spectrum and an emission spectrum were measured using a spectrofluorometer (model: F-4500, manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.). The result is shown in FIG.
- Sample 1- (1) to Sample 1- (9) and Sample 1- (11) in which the amounts of strontium (Sr), magnesium (Mg), and barium (Ba) were changed as shown in Table 1 were used.
- the ultraviolet radiation intensity is adjusted in this way, and excitation is performed by irradiation for 60 minutes under this ultraviolet radiation intensity.
- the afterglow brightness after 5 minutes, 5 hours, 10 hours, and 12 hours after the excitation was measured using a luminance meter (color luminance meter BM-5A manufactured by Topcon Corporation). The results are shown in Table 2 as relative luminance when the afterglow luminance of Comparative Example 1 is 100.
- the amount of magnesium is 0.02 mol or more and 0.1 mol or less, the amount of barium is 0.03 mol or more and 0.15 mol or less, and the sum of the amounts of magnesium and barium is 0.08 mol.
- Samples 1- (4) to 1- (7), Sample 1- (9) to Sample 1- (12), Sample 1- (14), and Sample 1- (15) has an excellent afterglow luminance of 150% or more in comparison with Comparative Example 1 after 10 hours and 12 hours after excitation. Although magnesium and barium were used at the same time, they were compared with the afterglow luminances of Samples 1- (13), 1- (16) to 1- (18), which were outside the above ranges of magnesium and barium. Has excellent afterglow brightness. Further, Sample 1- (10) in which the amount of magnesium is 0.05 mol and the amount of barium is 0.1 mol is particularly excellent and has an afterglow luminance about twice that of Comparative Example 1. Recognize.
- the amount of magnesium is 0.02 mol or more and 0.1 mol or less
- the amount of barium is 0.03 mol or more and 0.15 mol or less.
- pseudo-reproduction of the intensity of ultraviolet radiation from daytime to sunset assuming outdoor use It can be seen that the phosphorescent phosphor has excellent afterglow luminance under the excited conditions.
- Sample 2- (10) was prepared under the same production conditions as Sample 1- (10) in Example 1, except that 10.01 g of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) (0.1 mol of Ca) was used instead of barium carbonate as a raw material. This was prepared and used as Sample 2- (6).
- Sample 2- (6) can be represented as (Sr 0.82 Mg 0.05 Ca 0.1 Eu 0.01 Dy 0.02 ) Al 2 O 4 .
- the obtained sample 2- (6) was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction analysis using an X-ray diffractometer in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the resulting powder X-ray diffraction pattern is shown in FIG.
- an excitation spectrum and an emission spectrum were measured using a spectrofluorometer.
- Samples 2- (1) to 2- (5) and Sample 2- (7) in which the amounts of strontium (Sr), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca) were changed as shown in Table 3 were used.
- Sample 2- (10) was prepared.
- Sample 2- (2) to sample corresponding to a sample in which the amount of magnesium is 0.02 to 0.1 mol and the amount of calcium is in the range of 0.05 to 0.1 mol 2- (8) has excellent afterglow luminance of 150% or more in comparison with Comparative Example 1 afterglow luminance after 10 hours and 12 hours after excitation.
- excellent afterglow brightness compared to the afterglow brightness of Sample 2- (9) and Sample 2- (10) which are out of the above ranges of magnesium and calcium.
- Sample 2- (5) and Sample 2- (6) in which the amount of magnesium is 0.02 mol or 0.05 mol and the amount of calcium is 0.1 mol are particularly excellent. It can be seen that the afterglow luminance is about twice.
- the amount of magnesium is 0.02 mol or more and 0.1 mol or less
- the amount of calcium is 0.05 mol or more and 0.1 mol or less.
- it can be a phosphorescent phosphor with excellent afterglow luminance under excitation conditions that simulate the ultraviolet radiation intensity from daytime to sunset assuming outdoor use. Recognize.
- Example 1 In addition, although the case where magnesium and barium were used in Example 1 and the case where magnesium and calcium were used in Example 2, the case where a part of barium was replaced with calcium in Example 1 was also the same. It was confirmed by experiment that it has excellent afterglow luminance.
- Samples were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 in accordance with the molar ratio formulation shown in Table 5. These were designated as Samples 3- (1) to 3- (8) and Comparative Examples 2 to 5.
- the amount of europium is 0.005 or more and 0.03 or less and the amount of dysprosium is 0.005 or more and 0.05 or less, it is possible to use magnesium and barium or magnesium and calcium. It can be seen that afterglow luminance suitable for the purpose can be obtained.
- the amount of europium was 0.04, it was confirmed that the afterglow luminance improvement effect was almost the same as that of the case of europium 0.03.
- the amount of europium exceeds 0.04, the fluorescence intensity tends to be stronger than the afterglow intensity. Therefore, it is not preferable as the phosphorescent phosphor for the purpose of the present invention, and the amount of europium is less than 0.005.
- the afterglow luminance tends to decrease.
- the amount of dysprosium exceeds 0.05, the afterglow luminance itself tends to decrease due to concentration quenching or the like, and when the amount of dysprosium is less than 0.005, the amount as a co-activator is insufficient. Therefore, the afterglow brightness tends to decrease.
- afterglow luminance is improved by using magnesium and barium or magnesium and calcium as in the present invention, the practicality is improved even in a whitened phosphorescent phosphor.
- the amount of europium is less than 0.001
- the afterglow luminance is remarkably lowered, so even if magnesium and barium or magnesium and calcium are used, practical afterglow luminance is not obtained.
- the amount of dysprosium is less than 0.003
- the afterglow luminance is remarkably lowered, so that the afterglow luminance is not practical.
- a phosphorescent phosphor and an inorganic blue-emitting phosphor are mixed and used.
- the inorganic blue light emitting phosphor for example, europium activated chloroapatite phosphor (for example, Sr 10 (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 : Eu) or europium activated BAM phosphor (for example, (Ba, Ca) MgAl 10 O 17 : Eu) or the like can be used.
- Eu 0.175 Eu 0.175
- Eu phosphors those having a high europium concentration (for example, (Ba 0.75 Ca 0.075 ) MgAl 10 O 17 : Eu 0.175 have a high whitening effect and are suitable).
- the whiteness and yellowness of the Sr 10 (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 : Eu phosphor are exemplified, the whiteness is 95 and the yellowness is ⁇ 6.
- the whiteness of the MgAl 10 O 17 : Eu 0.175 phosphor was 98 and the yellowness was ⁇ 2.
- a phosphor having a large negative value of yellowness is more preferable.
- the stoichiometric composition that is, the composition in which the ratio of the number of moles of each alkaline earth metal element, europium, and dysprosium to the number of moles of aluminum is 1: 2.
- the phosphorescent phosphor may be prepared with a blending ratio of raw materials in which the aluminum ratio is slightly insufficient or excessive. Even if the phosphorescent phosphor is prepared with such a blending ratio, the phosphorescent phosphor of the present invention is generated. it can.
- FIG. 6 shows a graph of thermoluminescence characteristics. Compared with Comparative Example 1, the peak temperature of thermoluminescence in Sample 1- (2) using magnesium and Sample 1- (8) using barium is slightly shifted to the higher temperature side. In Sample 1- (10) of the present invention using magnesium and barium at the same time, it is clear that the peak temperature is further shifted to the higher temperature side.
- thermoluminescence characteristics There is a correlation between the thermoluminescence characteristics and the trap depth, and the higher the temperature, the deeper the trap depth. Due to this thermoluminescence property, the phosphorescent phosphor of the present invention using magnesium and barium simultaneously has a deeper trap depth than the conventional phosphor, and shows a superior afterglow luminance after a long time due to the deep trap depth. It is guessed that.
- a deep trap depth means that the excited and stored energy is slowly released.
- the fluorescence and the afterglow for a very short time decrease, but it can be said that the afterglow after a long time increases accordingly.
- the phosphorescent phosphor is observed under a light source with high ultraviolet intensity such as outdoors.
- the conventional phosphorescent phosphor it is visually recognized including light of a green component that is a fluorescent emission color, so that the green color of the phosphor is observed more strongly.
- the phosphorescent phosphor of the present invention has an effect that the body color is observed more white than the conventional phosphorescent phosphor because fluorescence and afterglow for a very short time are suppressed.
- the phosphorescent phosphor of the present invention has high afterglow luminance even after 10 hours to 12 hours after sunset under the condition that it is excited until sunset by sunlight, it is particularly a guide sign and safety sign installed outdoors. And can be suitably used for induction labels and the like.
- the application is not limited to the above-described labeling or the like because of the characteristic of having a high afterglow luminance even after a long time has passed after excitation.
- the present invention can be suitably used for timepiece applications that require an afterglow luminance of a predetermined level or more even after a long time.
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Abstract
Description
この蓄光性蛍光体としては、CaS:Bi(紫青色発光)、CaSrS:Bi(青色発光)、ZnS:Cu(緑色発光)、ZnCdS:Cu(黄色-橙色発光)等の硫化物蛍光体が知られている。これらのいずれの硫化物蛍光体も、化学的に不安定であったり、耐光性に劣ったりするなどの問題がある。またこの硫化亜鉛系蓄光性蛍光体を夜光時計に用いる場合であっても、肉眼でその時刻を認識可能な残光時間は約30分から2時間程度であるなど実用面での問題点がある。
この特許文献1記載のアルミン酸塩系蓄光性蛍光体の発明は、従来の硫化物系蓄光性蛍光体に比べてはるかに長時間の残光を有する。さらには酸化物系の蓄光性蛍光体であることから化学的にも安定性であり、かつ耐光性に優れるため、様々な用途に適用可能な長残光の蓄光性蛍光体を提供することが可能となった。
この特許文献2に記載の発明により、屋内のような低照度条件におけるニーズは満たされた。しかし、さらに別の用途として、屋外用途、特に屋外に設置される案内標識、安全標識および誘導標識等の用途に好適な蓄光性蛍光体、すなわち太陽光により日没まで励起された場合という条件の時に、日没後10時間ないし12時間後において高い残光輝度を有する蓄光性蛍光体が求められている。
本発明は、このニーズを満たすため、屋外における励起条件の時に日没後10時間ないし12時間後において優れた残光輝度を有する蓄光性蛍光体の提供を目的とする。
aは、0.02≦a≦0.1であり、bは、0.03≦b≦0.15であり、xは、0.001≦x≦0.04であり、yは、0.004≦y≦0.05であり、かつ(a+b)は、0.08≦(a+b)≦0.2であることを特徴としている。
そして、上記の組成とすることにより、屋外用途に最適な長時間経過後における優れた残光輝度を有する蓄光性蛍光体となる。
aは、0.02≦a≦0.1であり、cは、0.05≦c≦0.1であり、xは、0.001≦x≦0.04であり、yは、0.004≦y≦0.05であることを特徴としている。
そして、上記の組成とすることにより、屋外用途に最適な長時間経過後における優れた残光輝度を有する蓄光性蛍光体となる。
そして、請求項1記載の蓄光性蛍光体においてバリウムの一部をカルシウムに置換した場合においても、屋外用途に最適な長時間経過後における優れた残光輝度を有する蓄光性蛍光体となる。
そして、請求項1ないし3の少なくともいずれか一つ記載の蓄光性蛍光体と無機青色発光蛍光体とを混合することで、体色がより白色化した蓄光性顔料となる。
請求項5記載の蓄光性顔料は、請求項4記載の蓄光性顔料において、無機青色発光蛍光体がSr10(PO4)6Cl2:Euまたは(Ba,Ca)MgAl10O17:Euの少なくともいずれか一つであることを特徴としている。
そして、無機青色発光蛍光体を上記2種の少なくともいずれか一つの蛍光体とすることで、より優れた体色が白色化した蓄光性顔料となる。
また請求項4ないし5記載の蓄光性顔料によれば、上記の蓄光性蛍光体の優れた特徴に加えて、体色がより白色化した蓄光性顔料を得ることができる。
まず蛍光体原料として、ストロンチウム(Sr)の原料として例えば炭酸ストロンチウム(SrCO3)と、マグネシウムの原料として例えば酸化マグネシウム(MgO)や塩基性炭酸マグネシウム等と、バリウムの原料として例えば炭酸バリウム(BaCO3)と、カルシウム(Ca)の原料として例えば炭酸カルシウム(CaCO3)と、アルミニウムの原料として例えばアルミナ(Al2O3)と、賦活剤としてのユウロピウム(Eu)の原料として例えば酸化ユウロピウム(Eu2O3)と、共賦活剤としてのジスプロシウム(Dy)の原料として例えば酸化ジスプロシウム(Dy2O3)とを用意する。
これら蛍光体原料と、フラックスとして例えばホウ酸(H3BO3)とを所定量を秤量し、ボールミル混合等を用いて十分に混合し原料の混合粉末を得る。
還元雰囲気としては、例えば窒素+水素混合ガス、一酸化炭素ガスなどが挙げられる。または混合粉末の上に活性炭又はグラファイト等の炭素粉末を乗せて焼成を行うことにより還元雰囲気をつくってもよい。
焼成後、室温まで2時間から10時間かけて冷却する。得られた焼成物を粉砕し、篩別して所定の粒径の蓄光性蛍光体を得る。
なお蛍光体原料として炭酸塩や酸化物を例示したが、この他に高温で分解され酸化物となる化合物であれば蛍光体材料として用いることができる。また、フラックスとしてホウ酸を例示したが、ホウ酸以外のホウ素化合物を用いることもできる。さらに焼成温度を高温にするなど条件を選定すればフラックスを用いなくとも製造可能である。
この混合物をアルミナるつぼに充填し、1400℃で窒素ガス97%+水素ガス3%の混合ガス(流量:25リットル毎時)による還元雰囲気中にて、4時間焼成する。
その後室温まで約3時間かけて冷却し、得られた焼成体を、粉砕工程、篩別工程(40メッシュ通過)を経て、目的の蓄光性蛍光体を得た。これを試料1-(10)とした。この試料1-(10)は、(Sr0.82Mg0.05Ba0.1Eu0.01Dy0.02)Al2O4と表すことができる。
まず各試料粉末をアルミニウム製試料容器に充填し、あらかじめ暗所にて100℃で約1時間加熱することで残光を消去する。残光を消去した試料に、励起用光源としてキセノンランプを用い、紫外線放射強度計(紫外線強度計 UM-10 コニカミノルタ社製)(受光部:UM-400)が400μW/cm2の値を示すように紫外線放射強度を調整し、この紫外線放射強度下で60分間照射し励起する。励起後5分後、5時間後、10時間後、12時間後の残光輝度を輝度計(色彩輝度計BM-5A トプコン社製)を用いて計測した。その結果を比較例1の残光輝度をそれぞれ100とした場合の相対輝度として表2に示す。
ここで、まずマグネシウムのみ置換した試料1-(1)ないし試料1-(3)では、マグネシウムを0.05モル用いた場合で若干の輝度向上効果はみられるものの、大幅な輝度向上効果は観察されなかった。
また、バリウムのみ0.1モル置換した試料1-(8)では、比較例1に対して約1.4倍程度の残光輝度向上が観察された。
これらに対して、マグネシウムとバリウムとを同時に用いた試料に着目する。マグネシウムの量が0.02モル以上0.1モル以下であって、かつバリウムの量が0.03モル以上0.15モル以下であって、かつマグネシウムとバリウムの量の和が0.08モル以上0.2モル以下の範囲にある試料に該当する、試料1-(4)ないし試料1-(7)、試料1-(9)ないし試料1-(12)、試料1-(14)および試料1-(15)は励起後10時間後および12時間後の残光輝度が比較例1と比較して150%以上という優れた残光輝度を有している。またマグネシウムとバリウムを同時に用いたものの、前記のマグネシウムおよびバリウムの量の範囲外である試料1-(13)、試料1-(16)ないし試料1-(18)の残光輝度と比較しても優れた残光輝度を有している。
さらに、マグネシウムの量が0.05モル、バリウムの量が0.1モルの試料1-(10)が特に優れており、比較例1の約2倍の残光輝度を有していることがわかる。
この得られた試料2-(6)について、実施例1と同様にX線回折装置により粉末X線回折分析を行った。その結果である粉末X線回折図形を図4に示す。さらに、分光蛍光光度計を用い励起スペクトルおよび発光スペクトルを測定した。この結果を図5に示す。
同様に、ストロンチウム(Sr)とマグネシウム(Mg)とカルシウム(Ca)の量を表3に示した通りに変化させた試料2-(1)ないし試料2-(5)および試料2-(7)ないし試料2-(10)を作成した。
ここで、カルシウムのみ0.1モル置換した試料2-(1)では、比較例1に対して約1.4倍程度の残光輝度向上が観察された。
これらに対して、マグネシウムとカルシウムとを同時に用いた試料に着目する。マグネシウムの量が0.02モル以上0.1モル以下であって、かつカルシウムの量が0.05モル以上0.1モル以下の範囲にある試料に該当する、試料2-(2)ないし試料2-(8)は励起後10時間後および12時間後の残光輝度が比較例1と比較して150%以上という優れた残光輝度を有している。またマグネシウムとカルシウムを同時に用いたものの、前記のマグネシウムおよびカルシウムの量の範囲外である試料2-(9)、試料2-(10)の残光輝度と比較しても優れた残光輝度を有している。
さらに、マグネシウムの量が0.02モルまたは0.05モルであってカルシウムの量が0.1モルの試料2-(5)および試料2-(6)が特に優れており、比較例1の約2倍の残光輝度を有していることがわかる。
ユウロピウムの量が0.04の場合も追試したところ、ユウロピウムの量が0.03の場合比較して、ほぼ同程度の残光輝度向上効果があったことが確認された。
なお、ユウロピウムの量が0.04を超える場合は、残光強度より蛍光強度が強まる傾向となるため、本発明の目的の蓄光性蛍光体としては好ましくなく、またユウロピウムの量が0.005未満の場合は、賦活剤としての量が不足となるため残光輝度が低下する傾向となる。 また、ジスプロシウムの量が0.05を超える場合は濃度消光等により残光輝度自体が低下する傾向となり好ましくなく、ジスプロシウムの量が0.005未満の場合は、共賦活剤としての量が不足となるため残光輝度が低下する傾向となる。
また、体色については、ユウロピウムの量が少なくなることで白色化していくことがわかる。さらにマグネシウムとバリウム、またはマグネシウムとカルシウムを用いた場合でも、白色度や黄色度にはほとんど影響しないことがわかる。
美観やデザイン性の向上の点でも、体色がより白色化した蓄光性蛍光体のニーズは多い。単純にユウロピウムの量を減らすことで白色化した蓄光性蛍光体では、残光輝度が低下する傾向がある。しかし本発明のようにマグネシウムとバリウム、またはマグネシウムとカルシウムを用いることにより残光輝度が向上するため、白色化した蓄光性蛍光体においても実用性が向上する。
しかしながら、ユウロピウムの量が0.001未満の場合は、残光輝度が著しく低下するため、マグネシウムとバリウム、またはマグネシウムとカルシウムを用いたとしても実用的な残光輝度とならない。ジスプロシウムの量が0.003未満の場合も同様に残光輝度が著しく低下するため、実用的な残光輝度とならない。
特にユウロピウム付活BAM系蛍光体では、ユウロピウム濃度が高めのもの(例えば、(Ba0.75Ca0.075)MgAl10O17:Eu0.175といった組成のものが増白効果が高く好適である。Sr10(PO4)6Cl2:Eu蛍光体の白色度と黄色度を例示すると,白色度は95、黄色度は-6であった。また(Ba0.75Ca0.075)MgAl10O17:Eu0.175蛍光体の白色度は98、黄色度は-2であった。無機青色発光蛍光体としては、特に黄色度のマイナス値が大きい蛍光体がより好適である。
なお、残光輝度の観点からは、混合する無機青色発光蛍光体の量は少ないほうが望ましい。この点からも、元の蓄光性蛍光体は、白色度が比較的高く、かつ残光輝度が向上したものが好適であるといえる。なお、用途やニーズによりこれらの組成や配合比率は適宜調整できる。
例えば屋外などの紫外線強度が強い光源下で蓄光性蛍光体を観察した場合を想定する。従来の蓄光性蛍光体では、蛍光発光色である緑色成分の光を含んで視認されるため、蛍光体の体色はより緑色が強く観察される。しかし、本発明の蓄光性蛍光体では、蛍光およびごく短時間の残光が抑制されているため、従来の蓄光性蛍光体と比べて、体色がより白く観察されるという効果を有する。
また、このような励起後長時間経過後においても高い残光輝度を有するという特性から、その用途は上記の標識等に限定されない。例えば長時間後にも所定の水準以上の残光輝度を要求される時計用途などにも好適に用いることができる。
Claims (5)
- (Sr1-a-b-x-yMgaBabEuxDyy)Al2O4の式で表され、
aは、0.02≦a≦0.1であり、bは、0.03≦b≦0.15であり、
xは、0.001≦x≦0.04であり、yは、0.004≦y≦0.05であり、
かつ(a+b)は、0.08≦(a+b)≦0.2である
ことを特徴とした蓄光性蛍光体。 - (Sr1-a-c-x-yMgaCacEuxDyy)Al2O4の式で表され、
aは、0.02≦a≦0.1であり、cは、0.05≦c≦0.1であり、
xは、0.001≦x≦0.04であり、yは、0.004≦y≦0.05である
ことを特徴とした蓄光性蛍光体。 - Baの一部をCaで置換したことを特徴とした請求項1記載の蓄光性蛍光体。
- 請求項1ないし3の少なくともいずれか一つ記載の蓄光性蛍光体と、無機青色発光蛍光体とを混合したことを特徴とした蓄光性顔料。
- 無機青色発光蛍光体は、Sr10(PO4)6Cl2:Euまたは(Ba,Ca)MgAl10O17:Euの少なくともいずれか一つであることを特徴とした請求項4記載の蓄光性顔料。
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