WO2011153678A1 - 含有环烯醚萜类化合物的组合物及其用途 - Google Patents

含有环烯醚萜类化合物的组合物及其用途 Download PDF

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WO2011153678A1
WO2011153678A1 PCT/CN2010/002049 CN2010002049W WO2011153678A1 WO 2011153678 A1 WO2011153678 A1 WO 2011153678A1 CN 2010002049 W CN2010002049 W CN 2010002049W WO 2011153678 A1 WO2011153678 A1 WO 2011153678A1
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composition
disease
loganin
morroniside
eae
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PCT/CN2010/002049
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李林
尹琳琳
张兰
王文
张如意
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首都医科大学宣武医院
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Priority to EP10852671.6A priority Critical patent/EP2581087B1/en
Priority to US13/703,170 priority patent/US9233116B2/en
Priority to CA2802125A priority patent/CA2802125C/en
Publication of WO2011153678A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011153678A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7042Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/7048Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin, digitoxin or digoxin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/40Cornaceae (Dogwood family)
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/04Drugs for skeletal disorders for non-specific disorders of the connective tissue
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/02Immunomodulators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel use of a composition containing an iridoid compound for preventing or treating a nervous system disease, a pharmaceutical composition containing the composition, and the use of the compound or pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing a nervous system disease Methods. Background technique
  • the myelin sheath is a layer of lipid cell membrane composed of myelin cells wrapped around the axon of the sheath nerve fiber. Its main physiological function is to "insulate” and protect the nerve axis, and facilitate the rapid nerve impulse. Conduction. Demyelinating disease is a group of diseases in which the loss of myelin sheath of nerve fibers is the main pathological change, involving both the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
  • the main pathological features of these diseases are: (1) Destruction of nerve fiber myelin, multiple small disseminated lesions, or fusion of one or more lesions into larger lesions; (2) Demyelinating lesions Distributed in the white matter of the brain, spinal cord or peripheral nerves, cuff-like infiltration of inflammatory cells around the small veins.
  • Such diseases include multiple sclerosis, optic neuromyelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, diffuse sclerosis, concentric sclerosis, leukodystrophy, cerebral central myelinolysis, acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy , chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, etc.; and demyelinating diseases caused by other causes, including but not limited to leukoencephalopathy caused by ischemia-hypoxic disease, subacute combined degeneration caused by nutritional deficiency diseases Subacute sclerosing pantoencephalitis caused by viral infection or progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, diabetic neuropathy (the disease is mostly caused by demyelination), and neuropathy of sinus lupus erythematosus (the lesion is Demyelination changes mainly) and so on.
  • Iridoidal compounds (I r ido ids) are a special class of monoterpenoids, the mother of which
  • d-OH Basic skeleton of iridoids
  • d-OH is very active and easily binds to sugars.
  • the naturally occurring iridoids are mostly glycosides, and most of them are D-glucosides. Contains but not only:
  • Va ler i ana type iridoids such as 7,10, 2, -3 acetyl sulphate, and 10-acetyl sulphate.
  • P lumer i a type iridoid: such as glucoside A.
  • Deformed iridoids such as erythrostatin A, B, and glucoside B having a ternary oxygen spiro ring structure.
  • the invention provides the use of an iridoid compound such as morroniside and/or loganin for the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention of demyelinating diseases of the nervous system.
  • an iridoid compound such as morroniside and/or loganin
  • the invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an iridoid compound and a method of treating a demyelinating disease of the nervous system with the compound or composition.
  • the present invention provides
  • the iridoid compound is morroni or a homolog or analog thereof, and/or loganin or a homolog or analog thereof.
  • the morroniside comprises 25-50% w/w of the composition and the loganin comprises 25-40% w/w of the composition.
  • composition is hawthorn An extract wherein the morroniside is 25-50% by weight of the total weight of the extract, and the loganin comprises 25-40% by weight of the total weight of the extract.
  • the reduced myelin sheath disease is used to treat a disease of myelin sheath disease caused by various causes, or for treating a demyelinating disease of the nervous system.
  • the disease is multiple sclerosis, optic neuromyelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, diffuse sclerosis, concentric sclerosis, leukodystrophy, cerebral central myelination Symptomatic, acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, or the subacute combined degeneration caused by leukoencephalopathy and nutritional deficiencies caused by ischemia-anoxia Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis or progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy caused by viral infection.
  • the disease is diabetic neuropathy or systemic erythematosus.
  • the present invention also provides
  • a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing a demyelinating disease of the nervous system characterized in that it comprises the composition described in any one of embodiments 1-4 and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the present invention also provides
  • a method of treating or preventing a demyelinating disease of the nervous system comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the composition of any of embodiments 1-4, or a pharmaceutical combination comprising the composition Things.
  • the morroniside and the loganin of the present invention each have a basic skeleton of an iridoid, can
  • the hawthorn extract obtained by the following extraction method is analyzed, and based on the total weight of the extract, 25-50 wt% of morronoside, 25-40 wt% of loganin, and the total content of both 50-90 wt% of the total extract 0
  • the preparation method of the hawthorn extract of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the water extract comprises Hawthorn medicinal herbs boiling water for 2 to 4 times, adding water 3-14 times, time 1-4 hours, combining decoction liquid, filtering and concentrating under reduced pressure.
  • the water extraction and alcohol precipitation preferably comprises Hawthorn medicinal herbs boiling water for 2 to 4 times, adding water 3-14 times, time 1-4 hours, combining decoction liquid, filtering, concentrating under reduced pressure, adding ethanol to adjust the alcohol concentration to 50 %- 90%, refrigerated for 12-48 hours, filtered, and the filtrate was recovered under reduced pressure.
  • the separation of the macroporous adsorption resin preferably comprises the following steps: taking concentrated hawthorn water extraction or water extraction and alcohol precipitation extract, and adsorbing the resin column on the macroporous, so that the chemical solution flows through the whole column, followed by deionized water, 5%- Gradient elution was performed on 95% ethanol, and concentrated to a flow extract under reduced pressure.
  • the refining preferably comprises a stream extract of a macroporous adsorption resin separated on an A1 2 0 3 column, eluted with ethanol, and lyophilized to obtain a solid product.
  • Method for determining active ingredients Applying thin layer chromatography to the above extract products Qualitative analysis. And the above-mentioned extract product is subjected to quantitative analysis using a high performance liquid chromatograph, and the chromatographic conditions are: L i chros pher-C18 column, mobile phase methanol-water (30: 70), detection wavelength 240 nm, flow rate 1. Oml / min. Detection and analysis results: morroniside content of 25-50%, loganin content of 25-40%, the total content of the two accounts for 50-90 ° /. .
  • the compounds of the invention may also be synthesized according to methods known to those skilled in the art.
  • the present invention is intended to encompass homologues and analogs of such compounds in addition to the above listed compounds.
  • the homologue is a molecule having substantial structural similarity to the above compounds
  • the analog is a molecule having substantial biological similarity irrespective of structural similarity.
  • the invention also encompasses pharmaceutical compositions comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of an iridoid compound and an organic and inorganic acid.
  • compositions suitable for oral administration typically comprise a therapeutically effective amount of any of the above compounds and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the effective amount is an amount effective to promote proliferation and/or differentiation of nerve cells and less than an amount that causes toxicity to the patient.
  • any of the inert excipients commonly used as carriers or diluents such as gums, starches, sugars, cellulosic materials, acrylates or mixtures thereof, may be employed in the formulations of the present invention.
  • a preferred diluent is microcrystalline cellulose.
  • the composition may further comprise a disintegrant (such as croscarmellose sodium) and a lubricant (such as magnesium stearate), and may additionally comprise one or more additives selected from the group consisting of a binder, a buffer, and a protease. Inhibitors, surfactants, solubilizers, plasticizers, emulsifiers, stabilizers, viscosity increasing agents, sweeteners, film formers, or any combination thereof.
  • compositions of the invention may be in the form of a controlled release formulation or an immediate release formulation.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is administered orally and is thus formulated in a form suitable for oral administration, i.e., a solid or liquid formulation.
  • Suitable solid oral preparations include tablets, capsules, pills, granules, pellets and the like.
  • Suitable liquid oral preparations include solutions, suspensions, dispersions, emulsions, oils and the like.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is intended to include any and all solvents, dispersion media, coatings, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, and the like, which are compatible with pharmaceutical administration, such as sterile, non-pyr. The original water.
  • Solid carriers/diluents include, but are not limited to, gums, starches (eg, corn starch, pregelatinized starch), sugars (eg, lactose, mannitol, sucrose, glucose), cellulosic materials (eg, microcrystalline cellulose), acrylates (eg polymethacrylate), calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide, talc or mixtures thereof.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier can be an aqueous or nonaqueous solution, suspension, emulsion or oil.
  • non-aqueous solvents are propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and injectable organic esters such as ethyl oleate.
  • Aqueous carriers include water, alcoholic/aqueous solutions, emulsions or suspensions, including saline and buffered media.
  • oils are those of petroleum, animal, vegetable or synthetic origin, such as peanut oil, soybean oil, mineral oil, olive oil, sunflower oil and cod liver oil.
  • the solution or suspension may also include the following components: sterile diluents such as water for injection, saline solution, fixed oil, polyethylene glycol, glycerol, propylene glycol or other synthetic solvents; antibacterial agents such as benzoquinone or p-hydroxybenzene Methyl decanoate; an antioxidant such as ascorbic acid or sodium bisulfite; a chelating agent such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); a buffering agent such as acetate, citrate or phosphate; and a reagent for adjusting the elongation
  • sterile diluents such as water for injection, saline solution, fixed oil, polyethylene glycol, glycerol, propylene glycol or other synthetic solvents
  • antibacterial agents such as benzoquinone or p-hydroxybenzene Methyl decanoate
  • an antioxidant such as ascorbic acid or sodium bisulfite
  • EDTA ethylenedi
  • composition may further comprise a binder (eg, gum arabic, corn starch, gelatin, carbomer, ethyl cellulose, guar gum, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl decyl cellulose, povidone) ), disintegrants (such as corn starch, potato leaves) Powder, alginic acid, silica, croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone, guar gum, sodium starch glycolate, Pr imogel), buffers of different pH and ionic strength (eg Tr i s -HCl, acetate, phosphate), additives to prevent surface absorption (eg albumin or gelatin), detergents (eg Tween 20, Tween 80, Pluronic F68, bile salts), protease inhibitors, surface active Agents (eg sodium lauryl sulfate), penetration enhancers, solubilizers (eg glycerol, polyethylene glycerol), glidants (eg
  • the compound or composition of the present invention can be continuously administered daily for several days to several years. Oral treatment can last for a week to the life of the patient. Preferably, the administration is for up to five consecutive days and the patient can then be evaluated to determine if further administration is desired. Administration can be continuous or intermittent, i.e., treatment for several consecutive days followed by a rest period.
  • compositions containing the active ingredients are well known in the art, such as mixing, granulating or tabletting processes.
  • the active therapeutic ingredient is often combined with excipients which are pharmaceutically acceptable and compatible with the active ingredient.
  • the active agent is mixed with an additive conventionally used for this purpose, such as a carrier, a stabilizer or an inert diluent, and converted into a dosage form suitable for administration by a conventional method, such as a tablet, a coating. Tablets, hard or soft gelatin capsules, water, alcohol or oil solutions, etc., as described above.
  • One embodiment is a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration comprising an iridoid compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate thereof, microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, and magnesium stearate .
  • Another embodiment comprises 50 to 70% by weight of an iridoid compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate thereof, 20 to 40% by weight of microcrystalline cellulose, and 5 to 15% by weight of a crosslinked carboxy group. Methylcellulose sodium and 0.1 to 5% by weight of magnesium stearate.
  • Another embodiment composition comprises from about 50 to 200 mg of an iridoid compound.
  • the pharmaceutical composition comprises a common iridoid glycoside; microcrystalline cellulose as a carrier or diluent; croscarmellose sodium as a disintegrant; and magnesium stearate as Lubricant.
  • the iridoid compound is morroniside and/or loganin.
  • compositions of the present invention can be formulated into a variety of clinical pharmaceutical dosage forms, including oral or parenteral dosage forms, by pharmaceutics, with excipients.
  • the oral preparation is selected from the group consisting of a tablet, a capsule, a pill, a granule, a suspension, a dropping pill, and an oral liquid preparation;
  • the parenteral dosage form is selected from the group consisting of an injection and a gas.
  • the excipient refers to a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient such as a solvent, a disintegrant, a flavoring agent, a preservative, a coloring agent, a binder, and the like.
  • the iridoid compounds such as morroniside and/or loganin of the present invention can be used for reducing pathological changes of myelin degeneration and inflammatory cell infiltration of the nervous system, promoting the formation and repair of myelin, and reducing the content of inflammatory cytokines.
  • Hawthorn medicinal herbs are boiled 3 times with water, adding 6 times of water and 2 hours.
  • the three decoctions were combined, filtered, concentrated under reduced pressure, filtered and refrigerated for use; the concentrated hawthorn water was extracted, and the HP20 macroporous adsorption resin column was passed to make the liquid flow through the whole column, followed by ionized water, 30%, 50
  • the ethanol was subjected to a gradient elution, and an eluate of 50% ethanol was collected and concentrated under reduced pressure to form an extract; the product extract separated by the macroporous adsorption resin was extracted with ethanol, the organic solvent was removed, concentrated, and dried to obtain a solid product.
  • the yield is 2.5%.
  • Hawthorn medicinal herbs are boiled 3 times with water, adding 6 times of water and 2 hours. The three decoctions were combined, filtered, concentrated under reduced pressure, adjusted to an alcohol concentration of 70%, refrigerated for 24 hours, filtered, and the filtrate was decompressed to recover ethanol, and then refrigerated for use.
  • the macroporous A1 2 0 3 on the resin separation column liquid extract purified eluting with ethanol, lyophilized to obtain a solid product, yield 2.3%.
  • the hawthorn extract of the present invention 300 g of medicinal starch 1000 g, uniformly mixed, and filled into No. 1 capsule, 0.35 g per capsule, 1-2 capsules per oral administration twice a day.
  • the hawthorn extract of the present invention is 300 g, carboxymethyl cellulose 40 g, lactose 50 g, and magnesium stearate 4 g.
  • the above components were pulverized, mixed, and tableted to prepare tablets each having 0.4 g each, 3 tablets each time, 3 times a day.
  • the above components were pulverized, mixed, tableted, and tableted into tablets of 0.4 g each, 3 tablets each time, 3 times a day.
  • EAE mice model is an important tool for studying various demyelinating diseases of the nervous system in humans.
  • EAE mice model was prepared in this experiment is the application of myelin oligodendrocyte cell surface glycoprotein MOG 35 - 55 were immunized C57BL / 6 J mice. I.e. dorsal spine portion mice were injected subcutaneously in 0. 2 mL MOG 35 - 55 antigen formulations, respectively immediately after immunization and 48 hours of 0. 2 mL intraperitoneal injection of Bordetella pertussis solution. The morroniside and loganin compositions were administered intragastrically after the last injection of B. pertussis for 3 weeks.
  • Neurological function test method The behavioral changes of mice were observed by two experimenters on a daily blind method. Scoring criteria: 0 points, asymptomatic; 1 point, tail tension decreased, mild gait was seen; 2 points, tail tension disappeared, moderate gait abnormalities, lack of posture maintenance; 3 points, weak limbs; 4 points, Limb paralysis; 5 points, sudden death or death 0
  • EAE model mice began to develop motor dysfunction on the 8th day after immunization, reaching a peak around the 15th day.
  • the combination of morroniside and loganin significantly reduced the neurological impairment score of the model animals (Table 1), indicating that the iridoids are beneficial for improving clinical symptoms such as limb numbness, balance disorders, and spasms caused by the disease.
  • Table 1 Effect of morroniside and loganin composition on neurological impairment at the peak of EAE mouse model
  • EAE + morroniside and loganin composition 1 0 mg/kg 8 2. 17 ⁇ 0. 87
  • EAE + morroniside and loganin composition 90 mg/kg 8 1. 55 ⁇ 0. 43 * *
  • EAE model mice began to lose weight on the 10th day after immunization, reaching a peak around the 15th day.
  • the morroniside and loganin compositions have a protective effect against the weight loss of model animals (Table 2), indicating that the iridoids regulate the immune status of the body against the weight loss due to the immune response.
  • mice were anesthetized with 10% chloral hydrate on the 29th day of the experiment, fixed by 4% paraformaldehyde, and the spinal cord tissue was taken for paraffin section with a thickness of 5 ⁇ ⁇ .
  • LFB staining microscopic observation, scored according to the following criteria: Q points, no myelin loss; 1 point, a small range of myelin loss; 2 points, 2 or 3 small areas of myelin loss; 3 points, 1 to 2 large-scale myelin loss; 4 points, a large range of myelin detachment involving more than 20% of the white matter area.
  • EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS The mitochondrial loss of the spinal cord of the model mice was significant, while the loss of myelin sheath in the morroniside and logomycin composition groups was significantly reduced (Table 3), indicating that iridoids can significantly reduce myelin sheath lesions. It is beneficial to prevent and treat nervous system demyelinating diseases caused by various reasons.
  • mice were anesthetized with 10% chloral hydrate on the 29th day of the experiment, fixed by 4% paraformaldehyde, and the spinal cord tissue was taken for paraffin section with a thickness of 5 ⁇ .
  • HE staining, microscopic observation, score according to the following criteria: G score, no cell infiltration; 1 point, meningeal cell infiltration; 2 points, 1 to 4 small cell infiltration around the blood vessels; 3 points, more than 5 blood vessels around A small range of cell infiltration, or more than one large area of cell infiltration involving substantial; 4 points, a large number of cell infiltration involving more than 20% of the white matter area.
  • EAE model mice showed obvious inflammatory cell infiltration in the spinal cord tissue, while the inflammatory cell infiltration of the model mice given morroniside and logomycin composition was significantly reduced (Table 4), indicating that iridoids can be used. It can alleviate neuritic injury and can be used to prevent and treat nervous system inflammatory demyelinating diseases.
  • Interleukin-1 and IL-6 are important inflammatory cytokines that promote inflammatory responses.
  • IL-1 and IL-6 in serum of EAE mouse model were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the effects of iridoids on their contents were observed.
  • ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
  • mice were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, blood was taken from the abdominal aorta, left at room temperature for 2 hours, centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 20 minutes, and the supernatant was taken, -80. C saves the spare.
  • the method of operation is strictly in accordance with the procedures in the ELISA kit instructions.
  • the absorbance was measured at 450 nm.
  • the corresponding IL-1 and IL-6 contents were calculated on the standard curve based on the measured 0D values.
  • EAE+Monoside and horse ⁇ J 90 mg/kg 3 0. 109 soil 0 ⁇ 003** 0.123 ⁇ 0. 002** Mean ⁇ SD; # P ⁇ 0.05, ## P ⁇ 0.01, the model group was compared with the normal control group; *P ⁇ 0.05, **P ⁇ 0.01, compared with the model group.
  • Experimental Example 6 Effect of morroniside and loganin composition on oligodendrocyte content in nervous system of EAE mouse model
  • CNPase cyclic nucleotide -3' phosphohydrolase
  • mice were sacrificed after anesthesia, fresh spinal cord was taken on the water, total protein was extracted by lysis on the water, Western blot samples were prepared, and CNPase-anti-incubation was added, and the corresponding secondary antibody, ECL color, and Kodak film exposure were added.
  • Image [Software analyzes the image and normalizes it with actin.
  • Experimental Example 7 Effects of morroniside and loganin composition on neurological impairment in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) rat model
  • Rat model preparation and administration In this experiment, the EAE rat model was prepared by emulsification of guinea pig spinal cord and cerebral gray matter slurry and complete Freund's adjuvant, and then multi-pointing female Lewi s rats at the base of the tail. The morroniside and the loganin composition were administered by gavage for 3 weeks.
  • Neurological function test method Behavioral changes in rats were observed by two experimenters on a daily blind basis. Scoring criteria: 0 points, asymptomatic; 1 point, tail tension disappeared, visible mild gait awkward; 2 points, double hind limb weakness, difficulty walking; 3 points, double hind limb paralysis; 4 points, double hind limb paralysis and forelimb weakness; 5 points, quadriplegia; 6 points, sudden death or death.
  • EAE model rats began to develop motor dysfunction on the 8th day after immunization, reaching a peak on the 12th day.
  • the combination of morroniside and loganin significantly reduced the neurological impairment score of the model animals (Table 7), indicating that the iridoids are beneficial to improve the clinical symptoms of limb numbness, balance disorders, and spasms caused by the disease.
  • Weight loss reflects the immune imbalance of the body is broken.
  • the rat EAE model was used to study the effects of iridoids on body weight loss in model animals.
  • EAE model rats began to lose weight one week after immunization and reached a peak on the 12th day.
  • the morroniside and loganin compositions have a significant effect against the weight loss of model animals (Table 8), indicating that the iridoids are beneficial for combating weight loss due to immune responses in model animals.
  • the iridoids such as morroniside And/or loganin exhibits significant pathological changes in the nervous system of myelin degeneration and inflammatory cell infiltration in a variety of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ( ⁇ ) animal models, high oligodendrocytes
  • the quantity thus promotes the formation and repair of myelin, reduces the content of inflammatory cytokines, and reduces
  • the low neurological impairment score, inhibition of weight loss due to immune response, etc. indicates that the iridoids have the use of preventing and treating nervous system demyelinating diseases caused by various causes.

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Description

含有环烯醚萜类化合物的组合物及其用途 技术领域
本发明涉及含有环烯醚萜类化合物的组合物用于预防或治疗 神经系统疾病的新用途、 含有所述组合物的药物 合物, 和用所 述化合物或药物组合物治疗或预防神经系统疾病的方法。 背景技术
髓鞘是包裹于有鞘神经纤维轴索外面由髓鞘细胞所构成的一 层脂质细胞膜, 其主要生理功能是对神经轴索起 "绝缘" 、 保护 作用, 并有利于神经沖动的快速传导。 脱髓鞘病是一组以神经纤 维的髓鞘脱失为主要病理改变的疾病, 既可累及中枢神经系统, 也可累及周围神经系统。 这类疾病的主要病理特点为: (1 )神经 纤维髓鞘破坏, 呈多发性小的播散性病灶, 或由一个或多个病灶 融合而成较大病灶; (2 )脱髓鞘病损分布于脑白质、 脊髓或周围 神经, 沿小静脉周围炎性细胞的袖套状浸润。 这类疾病包括多发 性硬化、 视神经脊髓炎、 急性播散性脑脊髓炎、 弥漫性硬化、 同 心圆硬化、 脑白质营养不良、 脑桥中央髓鞘溶解症、 急性炎症性 脱髓鞘性多发性神经病、 慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病等; 以及由其他原因所引起的脱髓鞘病变,包括但不仅于缺血-缺氧性 病引起的白质脑病、 营养缺乏性疾病引起的亚急性联合变性、 病 毒感染引起的亚急性硬化性全脑炎或进行性多灶性白质脑病、 糖 尿病性神经病 (该病多以脱髓鞘改变为主) 、 系乡克性红斑狼疮的 神经病变 (该病变以脱髓鞘改变为主) 等。 研究有效的减轻髓鞘 脱失和促进髓鞘修复的药物, 可以为防治各种原因导致的中枢和 周围神经系统脱髓鞘疾病提供重要的手段。 环烯醚萜类化合物(I r ido ids)是一类特殊的单萜化合物, 其 母
Figure imgf000003_0001
C-8 indoid C-9 iridoid (the 9th C on C-4) C-9 iridoid (the 9th C on C-3) oid
Figure imgf000003_0002
1. 环烯醚萜的基本骨架 环烯醚萜分子中, d-OH 很活泼, 易与糖结合, 天然存在的 环烯醚萜多为苷, 且多为 D-葡萄糖苷。 包含但不仅有:
(1)普通环浠醚萜苷: ① C-8环烯醚萜苷。 ② C- 9环烯醚萜苷 (笫 9个 C接在 C- 4上)。③ C- 9环烯醚萜苷(第 9个 C接在 C-8上)。 ④ C-10环烯醚萜苷。 如莫诺苷、 马钱素、 6, -乙酰车叶草苷、 栀 子苷、 梓醇、 黄蝉花素、 黄蝉花定、 车叶草苷、 桃叶珊瑚苷、 梓 苷、 去氧番木鳖苷、 京尼平、 鸡蛋花素、 马鞭草苷、 金吉苷。
(2) 裂环环烯醚萜苷: 如龙胆苦苷、 龙胆苦酯苷, 开联番木 鳖苷、 獐芽菜苦素等。
(3) Va ler i ana型环烯醚萜, 如 7,10, 2, -3乙酰败酱甙、 和 10-乙酰败酱甙。
(4) P lumer i a型环烯醚萜: 如枸桔苷 A。
(5) 3, 10位间形成氧桥的环烯醚萜, 如 3, 10位间形成氧桥 的环烯醚萜苷新月苷 B。
(6) 荆芥内酯相关类型环烯醚萜, 有紫苷。
(7) 变形的类环烯醚萜, 例如新月苷 A, B、 8位有三元氧螺 环结构的枸桔苷 B。
(8)由几个环烯醚萜直接经酯键或由萜类、 酚类连接而成。 如缬草醚酯、 去乙酰车叶草苷酸曱酯等。 本发明的发明人通过对莫诺苷和马钱素等环烯醚 ^类化合物 广泛而深入的研究, 发现环烯醚萜类化合物具有减轻神经系统髓 鞘脱失和炎性细胞侵润、 促进髓鞘形成和修复等作用, 因而完成 了本发明。 发明内容
本发明一方面提供了环烯醚萜类化合物例如莫诺苷和 /或马 钱素在制备防治神经系统脱髓鞘疾病的药物中的用途。 本发明另 一方面也提供了含有环烯醚萜类化合物的药物组合物以及用所述 化合物或组合物治疗神经系统脱髓鞘疾病的方法。
更具体地说, 按照本发明的一种实施方式, 本发明提供了
1. 含有环烯醚萜类化合物的组合物在制备减轻或修复神经 系统髓鞘病损相关疾病的药物中的用途。
2. 按照本发明另一种实施方式, 其中所述环烯醚萜类化合 物为莫诺苷或其同系物或类似物,和 /或马钱素或其同系物或类似 物。
3. 按照本发明另一种实施方式, 其中所述莫诺苷占组合物 的 25-50%w/w, 马钱素占组合物的 25-40% w/w。
4. 按照本发明另一种实施方式, 其中所述组合物为山茱萸 提取物, 其中莫诺苷占所述提取物总重量的 25-50wt%, 马钱素占 所述提取物总重量的 25-40wt%。
5.按照本发明另一种实施方式,其中所述减轻神经系统髓鞘 病损用于治疗各种原因导致的出现髓鞘病损的疾病, 或用于治疗 神经系统脱髓鞘疾病。
6. 按照本发明另一种实施方式, 其中所述疾病为多发性硬 化、 视神经脊髓炎、 急性播散性脑脊髓炎、 弥漫性硬化、 同心圆 硬化、 脑白质营养不良、 脑桥中央髓鞘溶解症、 急性炎症性脱髓 鞘性多发性神经病或慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病, 或者所 述疾病为缺血-缺氧性病引起的白质脑病、营养缺乏性疾病引起的 亚急性联合变性、 病毒感染引起的亚急性硬化性全脑炎或进行性 多灶性白质脑病。
7. 按照本发明另一种实施方式, 其中所述疾病为糖尿病性 神经病或系统性红斑良疮。
按照本发明另一种实施方式, 本发明也提供了
8. 一种治疗或预防神经系统脱髓鞘疾病的药物组合物, 其 特征在于其含有实施方式 1-4任一项中所述的组合物和任选的可 药用栽体。
按照本发明另一种实施方式, 本发明还提供了
9. 一种治疗或预防神经系统脱髓鞘疾病的方法, 包括向需 要的患者施用治疗有效量的实施方式 1-4 任一项中所述的组合 物, 或含有所述组合物的药物组合物。
10. 按照实施方式 8所述的药物组合物或按照实施方式 9所 述的方法, 其中所述疾病为实施方式 5-7任一项中所述的任一疾 病 o
本发明所述莫诺苷、 马钱素, 均具有环烯醚萜的基本骨架, 可
Figure imgf000006_0001
马钱素 ( loganin )
Figure imgf000006_0002
例如, 本发明釆用下述的提取方法所得到的山茱萸提取物, 经分析, 以提取物总重量计, 含莫诺苷 25- 50wt%、 马钱素 25-40 wt%, 二者总含量占总提取物的 50-90 wt%0
本发明的山茱萸提取物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
( A ) 水提或水提醇沉;
( B ) 大孔吸附树脂分离; 和
( C )精制。
所迷水提优选包括山茱萸药材用水煎煮 2- 4遍, 加水量 3-14 倍, 时间 1-4小时, 合并煎煮液, 过滤后减压浓缩。
所述水提醇沉优选包括山茱萸药材用水煎煮 2- 4遍, 加水量 3-14倍, 时间 1-4小时, 合并煎煮液, 过滤后减压浓缩, 加乙醇 调至醇浓度为 50%- 90%, 冷藏 12-48 小时, 过滤, 滤液减压回收 乙醇。
所述大孔吸附树脂分离优选包括以下步骤: 取浓缩的山茱萸 水提取或水提醇沉提取液, 上大孔吸附树脂柱,使药液流过全柱, 依次用去离子水、 5%- 95%乙醇进行梯度洗脱, 减压浓缩成流浸膏。
所述精制优选包括将大孔吸附树脂分离的流浸膏上 A1203层 析柱, 用乙醇洗脱, 冻干获得固体产物。
有效成分的测定方法: 对上述提取物制品应用薄层层析进行 定性分析。 并且对上述提取物制品应用高效液相色谱仪进行定量 分析, 色谱条件: L i chros pher-C18色谱柱, 流动相甲醇-水(30: 70 ) , 检测波长 240mn, 流速 1. Oml /分钟。 检测分析結果: 莫诺 苷含量占 25-50%、 马钱素含量占 25-40%, 二者总含量占 50-90°/。。
本发明的化合物也可按照本领域技术人员已知的方法加以合 成。
本发明除了上列化合物以外, 还打算涵盖这类化合物的同系 物和类似物。 在这种情况下, 同系物是具有上述化合物的实质性 结构相似性的分子, 类似物是具有与结构相似性无关的实质性生 物相似性的分子。
本发明还涵盖药物组合物, 所述组合物包括环烯醚萜类化合 物与有机和无机酸的药学上可接受的盐。
本发明化合物及其衍生物 (氧化和 /或脱羧、 开环和 /或氧化 环合) 、 类似物、 同系物、 药学上可接受的盐或水合物可以与药 学上可接受的载体或赋形剂一起制成适合于口服给药的药物组合 物。 这类组合物通常包含治疗有效量的任意上述化合物和药学上 可接受的载体。 优选地, 有效量是有效地促进神经细胞增殖和 / 或分化的量并且小于导致患者毒性的量。
在本发明制剂中可以使用任意普遍用作载体或稀释剂的惰性 赋形剂, 例如树胶、 淀粉、 糖、 纤维素材料、 丙烯酸酯或其混合 物。 优选的稀释剂是微晶纤维素。 组合物可以进一步包含崩解剂 (例如交联羧曱基纤维素钠)和润滑剂 (例如硬脂酸镁) , 另外 可以包含一种或多种添加剂, 选自粘合剂、 緩沖剂、 蛋白酶抑制 剂、 表面活性剂、 增溶剂、 增塑剂、 乳化剂、 稳定剂、 粘度增加 剂、 甜味剂、 成膜剂或其任意组合。 此外, 本发明组合物可以是 控释制剂或即时释放制剂的形式。 在一种实施方式中, 药物组合物是口服给药的, 因而被配制 成适合于口服给药的形式, 也就是固体或液体制剂。 适合的固体 口服制剂包括片剂、 胶嚢剂、 丸剂、 颗粒剂、 小丸等。 适合的液 体口服制剂包括溶液、 悬液、 分散体、 乳剂、 油剂等。
本文所用的 "药学上可接受的载体" 打算包括任意和所有的 溶剂、 分散介质、 包衣、 等渗剂和吸收延迟剂等, 它们与药学给 药是可相容的, 例如无菌无热原的水。
固体载体 /稀释剂包括但不限于树胶、 淀粉(例如玉米淀粉、 预胶凝淀粉) 、 糖 (例如乳糖、 甘露糖醇、 蔗糖、 葡萄糖) 、 纤 维素材料(例如微晶纤维素)、丙烯酸酯(例如聚甲基丙烯酸酯)、 碳酸钙、 氧化镁、 滑石或其混合物。
就液体制剂而言, 药学上可接受的载体可以是水性或非水性 溶液、 悬液、 乳剂或油。 非水性溶剂的实例有丙二醇、 聚乙二醇 和可注射的有机酯,例如油酸乙酯。水性载体包括水、醇 /水溶液、 乳液或悬液, 包括盐水和经过緩沖的介质。 油的实例有石油、 动 物、 植物或合成来源的那些, 例如花生油、 大豆油、 矿物油、 橄 榄油、 葵花油和鱼肝油。 溶液或悬液还可以包括下列组分: 无菌 稀释剂, 例如注射用水、 盐水溶液、 固定油、 聚乙二醇、 甘油、 丙二醇或其他合成溶剂; 抗菌剂, 例如苯曱醇或对羟基苯曱酸甲 酯; 抗氧化剂, 例如抗坏血酸或亚硫酸氢钠; 螯合剂, 例如乙二 胺四乙酸(EDTA) ; 緩沖剂, 例如乙酸盐、 柠檬酸盐或磷酸盐; 和 调节张性的试剂,例如氯化钠或葡萄糖。 pH可以用酸或碱来调节, 例如盐酸或氢氧化钠。
另外, 组合物可以进一步包含粘合剂 (例如阿拉伯胶、 玉米 淀粉、 明胶、 卡波姆、 乙基纤维素、 瓜尔胶、 羟丙基纤维素、 羟 丙基曱基纤维素、 聚维酮) 、 崩解剂 (例如玉米淀粉、 马铃薯淀 粉、 藻酸、 二氧化硅、 交联羧曱基纤维素钠、 交联聚维酮、 瓜尔 胶、淀粉羟乙酸钠、 Pr imogel )、不同 pH和离子强度的緩沖剂(例 如 Tr i s-HCl、 乙酸盐、 磷酸盐) 、 防止表面吸收的添加剂 (例如 白蛋白或明胶)、 洗涤剂(例如吐温 20、 吐温 80、 Pluronic F68、 胆汁酸盐)、 蛋白酶抑制剂、 表面活性剂 (例如月桂基硫酸钠)、 渗透增强剂、 增溶剂 (例如甘油、 聚乙烯甘油) 、 助流剂 (例如 胶体二氧化硅) 、 抗氧化剂 (例如抗坏血酸、 偏亚硫酸氢钠、 丁 基化羟基茴香醚) 、 稳定剂 (例如羟丙基纤维素、 羟丙基曱基纤 维素) 、 增粘剂 (例如卡波姆、 胶体二氧化硅、 乙基纤维素、 瓜 尔胶) 、 甜味剂 (例如蔗糖、 阿斯巴甜、 柠檬酸) 、 矫味剂 (例 如薄荷、 水杨酸甲酯或橙味调料) 、 防腐剂 (例如硫汞撒、 苯曱 醇、 对羟基苯曱酸酯) 、 润滑剂 (例如硬脂酸、 硬脂酸镁、 聚乙 二醇、 月桂基硫酸钠) 、 流动助剂 (例如胶体二氧化硅) 、 增塑 剂 (例如邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、 拧檬酸三乙酯) 、 乳化剂 (例如卡 波姆、 羟丙基纤维素、 月桂基硫酸钠) 、 聚合物包衣 (例如泊洛 沙姆或 poloxamine ) 、 包衣与成膜剂 (例如乙基纤维素、 丙烯酸 酯、 聚曱基丙烯酸酯) 和 /或助剂。
本发明化合物或组合物可以连续地重复每日给药达数天至数 年。 口服治疗可以持续一周至患者寿命。 优选地, 给药达连续五 天, 然后可以评价患者以确定是否需要进一步的给药。 给药可以 是连续的或间歇的, 也就是连续几天治疗继之以休息期。
含有活性成分的药物组合物的制备是本领域熟知的, 例如混 合、 造粒或压片过程。 经常将活性治疗成分与药学上可接受的并 且可与活性成分相容的赋形剂混合。 就口服给药而言, 将活性试 剂与惯用于此目的的添加剂混合, 例如载体、 稳定剂或惰性稀释 剂, 再借助惯用方法转化为适合于给药的剂型, 例如片剂、 包衣 片、 硬或软明胶胶嚢剂、 水、 醇或油溶液等, 如上所述。
一种实施方式是口服给药用药物组合物, 包含环烯醚萜类化 合物或其药学上可接受的盐或水合物、 微晶纤维素、 交联羧曱基 纤维素钠和硬脂酸镁。 另一种实施方式包含 50 - 70重量%的环烯 醚萜类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或水合物、 20 - 40 重量%的 微晶纤维素、 5 - 15重量%的交联羧甲基纤维素钠和 0. 1 - 5重量% 的硬脂酸镁。 另一种实施方式组合物包含约 50 - 200mg的环烯醚 萜类化合物。
在当前优选的本发明实施方式中, 药物组合物包含普通环烯 醚萜苷; 微晶纤维素作为载体或稀释剂; 交联羧甲基纤维素钠作 为崩解剂; 和硬脂酸镁作为润滑剂。 在特别优选的实施方式中, 环烯醚萜类化合物是莫诺苷和 /或马钱素。
本发明所述的组合物可以按药剂学方法, 加入辅料制备成多 种临床药物剂型, 包括口服制剂或非肠道给药的剂型。 所说的口 服制剂选自于片剂、 胶嚢剂、 丸剂、 颗粒剂、 混悬剂、 滴丸、 口 服液体制剂中的任何一种; 所说的非肠道给剂型选自于注射剂、 气雾剂、 栓剂或皮下给药剂型当中的一种。
所述辅料是指药剂学上可接受的赋形剂, 如溶剂、 崩解剂、 矫味剂、 防腐剂、 着色剂、 粘合剂等。
本发明环烯醚萜类化合物例如莫诺苷和 /或马钱素可用于减 轻神经系统髓鞘脱失和炎性细胞浸润的病理变化, 促进髓鞘的形 成和修复, 减少炎性细胞因子含量, 减轻神经功能损伤等; 特别 用于治疗各种原因导致的中枢和周围神经系统脱髓鞘疾病, 包含 但不仅于多发性硬化、 视神经脊髓炎、 急性播散性脑脊髓炎、 弥 漫性硬化、 同心圆硬化、 脑白质营养不良、 脑桥中央髓鞘溶解症、 急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病、 慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性 神经病、缺血-缺氧性病引起的白质脑病、 营养缺乏性疾病引起的 亚急性联合变性、 病毒感染引起的亚急性硬化性全脑炎或进行性 多灶性白质脑病、 糖尿病性神经病、 系统性红斑狼疮的神经病变 等。 本发明也可用于预防上述疾病。 以下实施例和实验例进一步说明本发明, 但并不构成对本发 明所要求保护范围的限定。 实施例 1 山茱萸提取物的制备
山茱萸药材用水煎煮 3遍, 加水量 6倍, 时间 2小时。 合并 3 次煎煮液, 过滤后减压浓缩, 过滤后冷藏备用; 取浓缩的山茱 萸水提取, 上 HP20大孔吸附树脂柱, 使药液流过全柱, 依次用离 子水、 30%、 50%乙醇进行梯度洗脱, 收集 50%乙醇的洗脱液, 减 压浓缩成浸膏; 将大孔吸附树脂分离的产物浸膏用乙醇萃取, 脱 除有机溶剂, 浓缩, 干燥, 获得固体产物。 得率 2. 5%。
实施例 2 山茱萸提取物的制备
山茱萸药材用水煎煮 3遍, 加水量 6倍, 时间 2小时。 合并 3 次煎煮液, 过滤后减压浓缩, 加 醇调至醇浓度为 70%, 冷藏 24小时, 过滤, 滤液减压回收乙醇后, 冷藏备用。
取上述山茱萸水提醇沉提取液, 上 HP2G大孔吸附树脂柱,使 药液流过全柱, 依次用去离子水、 30%、 50%乙醇进行梯度洗脱, . 收集 50%乙醇的洗脱液, 减压浓缩成浸膏。
将大孔吸附树脂分离的流浸膏上 A1203层析柱,用乙醇洗脱进 行精制, 冻干获得固体产物, 得率 2. 3%。
经高效液相色谱仪分析, 所述产物中莫诺苷含量占 25-50%、 马钱素含量占 25-40%, 二者总含量占 50-90%。 实施例 3 胶嚢剂
本发明山茱萸提取物 300g药用淀粉 1000g, 混合均匀, 装入 1号胶嚢, 每粒 0.35g, 每次口服 1-2粒, 每日两次。
实施例 4 片剂
本发明山茱萸提取物 300g, 羧曱基纤维素 40g, 乳糖 50g, 硬脂酸镁 4g。将上述组分粉碎,混合,压片,制成片剂,每片 0.4g, 每次 3片, 每日 3次。
实施例 5 胶嚢剂
莫诺苷 140g, 马钱素 120g, 药用淀粉 1000g, 混合均匀, 装 入 1号胶嚢, 每粒 0.35g, 每次口服 1-2粒, 每日两次。
实施例 ό 片剂
莫诺苷 140g, 马钱素 120g, 羧曱基纤维素 40g, 微晶纤维素 50g, 硬脂酸镁 4g。 将上述组分粉碎, 混合, 压片, 制成片剂, 每片 0.4g, 每次 3片, 每日 3次。
实施例 7 胶嚢剂
莫诺苷 300g, 马钱素 200g, 药用淀粉 800g, 混合均匀, 装 入 1号胶嚢, 每粒 0.20g, 每次口服 1-2粒, 每日两次。
实施例 8 胶嚢剂
莫诺苷 400g, 马钱素 200g, 药用淀粉 800g, 混合均匀, 装 入 1号胶嚢。
实施例 9 胶嚢剂
莫诺苷 300g, 马钱素 500g, 药用淀粉 800g, 混合均匀, 装 入 1号胶嚢。
采用上述实施例 6中所述的片剂组合物进行如下实验。 实验例 1、 莫诺苷与马钱素组合物对实验性自身免疫性脑脊 髓炎(EAE ) 小鼠模型神经功能评分的影响
小鼠模型制备及给药: 实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE )模 型是研究人类多种神经系统脱髓鞘疾病的重要工具。 本实验中 EAE小鼠模型的制备是应用髓鞘少突胶质细胞表面糖蛋白 MOG3555 免疫雌性 C57BL/ 6 J小鼠。 即小鼠脊柱背侧部皮下注射 0. 2 mL 的 MOG35-55抗原配剂, 分别于免疫注射的即刻和 48 小时后腹腔注射 0. 2 mL百日咳杆菌液。 莫诺苷与马钱素组合物于最后一次注射百 日咳杆菌后开始灌胃给药, 连续 3周。
神经功能检测方法: 每日釆用盲法由两名实验人员观察小鼠 行为学变化。 评分标准: 0分, 无症状; 1分, 尾部张力降低, 可 见轻度步态笨拙; 2 分, 尾部张力消失, 中度步态异常, 姿态维 持缺乏; 3分, 肢体力弱; 4分, 肢体麻痹; 5分, 濒死状态或死 亡0
实验结果: EAE模型小鼠于免疫后第 8天开始出现运动功能 障碍, 于第 15天左右达到高峰。莫诺苷与马钱素组合物具有显著 降低模型动物神经功能损伤评分的作用 (表 1 ) , 表明环烯醚萜 类有利于改善疾病所致肢体麻木、 平衡失调、 瘫痪等临床症状。 表 1、 莫诺苷与马钱素组合物对 EAE小鼠模型发病高峰期神 经功能损伤的影响
组别 动物数 神经功能损伤评分 正常对照 1 0 0. 00 ± 0. 00
EAE模型 9 2. 51土 0. 32"
EAE+醋酸泼尼松(阳性对照药) 8 1. 36 ± 0. 62 * *
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素组合物. 1 0 mg/kg 8 2. 17 ± 0. 87
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素组合物 30 rag/kg 8 1. 75 ± 0. 40*
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素组合物 90 mg/kg 8 1. 55 ± 0. 43 * *
Mean土 SD; ##P< 0. 01, 模型组与正常对照組相比; *P< 0. 05 **P<0.01, 用药组与模型组相比。 实验例 2、 莫诺苷与马钱素组合物对 EAE小鼠模型体重降低 的影响
实验目的: 体重降低反映机体免疫平衡状态被打破。 本实验 研究环烯醚萜类对 EAE小鼠模型体重降低的影响。
实驗方法: 造模和给药方法同实验例 1。 每日记录小鼠体重 变化。
实验结果: EAE模型小鼠于免疫后第 10天左右开始出现体重 下降, 于第 15天左右达到高峰。莫诺苷与马钱素组合物具有对抗 模型动物体重降低的作用 (表 2 ) , 表明环烯醚萜类可调节机体 免疫状态, 对抗因免疫反应所致的体重下降。
表 4、 莫诺苷与马钱素組合物对 EAE小鼠模型发病高峰期体 重降低的影响
组别 动物数 体重 (g) 正常对照 10 20.32 ± 0. 42
EAE模型 9 18.78 ± 0. 93"
EAE+醋酸泼尼松(阳性对照药) 8 20.52土 1. 19**
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素组合物 10 mg/kg 8 19.48 ± 1. 36
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素组合物 30 mg/kg 8 20.00 ± 0. 70*
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素组合物 90 mg/kg 8 20.33 ±2. 48**
Mean± SD; "P<0.01, 模型组与正常对照组相比; *P<0.05 **P<0.01, 用药组与模型组相比。 实验例 3、 莫诺苷与马钱素组合物对 EAE小鼠模型神经系统 髓鞘脱失的影响
实验目的: 本实验通过 Luxol Fast Blue (LFB)染色观察 EAE 模型小鼠脊髓髓鞘结构的病理变化, 并研究环烯醚萜类对这种病 理改变的干预作用。
实验方法: 小鼠于实验第 29天经 10%水合氯醛麻醉, 4%多聚 甲醛灌注固定, 取脊髓组织行石蜡切片, 片厚 5 μ ιη。 LFB染色, 镜下观察, 根据如下标准进行评分: Q分, 无髓鞘脱失; 1分, 一 个小范围髓鞘脱失; 2分, 2或 3个小范围髓鞘脱失; 3分, 1到 2个大范围髓鞘脱失; 4分, 大范围髓鞘脱失累及 20%以上白质区 域。
实验结果: ΕΑΕ 模型小鼠脊髓髓鞘脱失现象明显, 而莫诺苷 与马钱素组合物组髓鞘脱失显著减轻 (表 3 ) , 表明环烯醚萜类 可明显减轻髓鞘病损, 有利于防治各种原因导致的神经系统脱髓 鞘病变。
表 3、莫诺苷与马钱素组合物对 ΕΑΕ小鼠模型脊髓髓鞘脱失的 影响
髓鞘脱失 动物数
( LFB染色评分) 正常对照 3 0. 00 ± 0. 00
ΕΑΕ模型 3 1. 78 ± 0. 29'
ΕΑΕ+醋酸泼尼松 (阳性对照药) 3 0. 81 ± 0. 21
ΕΑΕ+莫诺苷与马钱素組合物 10 mg/kg 3 0. 89 ± 0. 20* *
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素组合物 30 mg/kg 3 0, 76 ± 0. 17* *
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素組合物 90 rag/kg 3 0. 68 ± 0. 23* *
Mean土 SD; ##P<0. 01, 模型组与正常对照组相比; **P<0. 01 用药组与模型组相比。 实验例 4、 莫诺苷与马钱素组合物对 EAE小鼠模型神经系统 炎性细胞浸润的影响
实验目的: 本实检通过苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察 EAE模型 小鼠脊髓组织的病理变化, 尤其炎性细胞浸润情况, 并研究环烯 醚萜类对该病理改变的干预作用。
实验方法: 小鼠于实验第 29天经 10%水合氯醛麻醉, 4%多聚 甲醛灌注固定, 取脊髓组织行石蜡切片, 片厚 5 μπι。 HE染色, 镜 下观察, 根据如下标准进行评分: G分, 无细胞浸润; 1分, 脊膜 细胞浸润; 2分, 1到 4个血管周围小范围细胞浸润; 3分, 5个 以上血管周围小范围细胞浸润, 或 1个以上累及实质的大范围细 胞浸润; 4分, 大量细胞浸润累及 20%以上白质区域。
实验结果: EAE模型小鼠脊髓组织出现明显的炎性细胞浸润, 而给予莫诺苷与马钱素组合物的模型小鼠炎性细胞浸润明显减轻 (表 4 ) , 表明环烯醚萜类可减轻神经炎性损伤, 可用于防治神 经系统炎性脱髓鞘疾病。
表 4、 莫诺苷与马钱素組合物对 EAE小鼠模型脊髓组织炎性细 胞浸润的影响
炎性细胞浸润 组别 动物蘇
( HE染色评分) 正常对照 3 0.00土 0.00
EAE模型 3 2.08 ± 0.08 **
EAE+醋酸泼尼松 (阳性对照药) 3 1.16 ± 0.12**
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素组合物 10 mg/kg 3 2.11 ±'0.11
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素组合物 30 mg/kg 3 1.44土 ().17 **
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素组合物 90 mg/kg 3 1.15土 0.18 **
Mean士 SD; "P<0.01, 模型组与正常对照组相比; **P<0.01 用药组与模型组相比。 实验例 5、 莫诺苷与马钱素组合物对 EAE小鼠模型炎性细胞 因子含量的影响
实验目的: 白细胞介素 1 (IL- 1)和 IL- 6是重要的炎性细胞 因子, 对炎症反应有促进作用。 本实验应用酶联免疫法 (ELISA) 检测 EAE小鼠模型血清中 IL- 1和 IL- 6含量, 并观察环烯醚萜类 对其含量的影响。
实验方法: 小鼠戊巴比妥钠麻醉, 腹主动脉取血, 室温静置 2小时, 3000 转 /分钟离心 20分钟, 取上清, - 80。 C保存备用。 操作方法严格按照 ELISA 试剂盒说明书中步骤。 酶标仪 450 nm 测其吸光度。 根据测得的 0D值在标准曲线上计算出相应 IL- 1和 IL-6含量。
实猃结果: EAE模型组小鼠血清 IL- 1和 IL-6含量明显高于 正常对照组; 而莫诺苷与马钱素组合物能减少模型小鼠血清中 IL-1和 IL- 6含量 (表 5) , 表明环烯醚萜苷类可抑制炎症反应。
表 5、莫诺苷与马钱素组合物对 EAE小鼠模型血清中 o IL-1和 IL-6含量的影响
IL-1 IL-6
动物数
(pg/ml) (pg/ml)
正常对照 3 0. 113 ±0. 003 0.127 ±0. 002
EAE模型 3 0. 128 ±0. 005' 0.142 ±0. 001"
EAP+醋酸 (阳' 照药) 3 0. 114 ±0. 001* 0.124 ±0.
EAE+莫 i若苦与马^ ^ 10 rag/kg 3 0. 128 ±0. 009 0.140 ±0. 001
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素 30 rag/kg 3 0. 113 ±0. 003* 0.131 ±0. 003**
EAE+莫诺苷与马^ J: 90 mg/kg 3 0. 109土 0· 003** 0.123 ± 0. 002** Mean± SD; #P<0.05, ##P<0.01, 模型组与正常对照组相比; *P<0.05, **P<0.01, 用药组与模型组相比。 实验例 6、 莫诺苷与马钱素组合物对 EAE小鼠模型神经系统 少突胶质细胞含量的影响
实验目的: 髓鞘是由少突胶质细胞的突起形成。 CNPase (环 核苷酸 -3'磷酸水解酶)是成熟少突胶质细胞的标志蛋白。本实验 通过 Western blot法检测 EAE模型小鼠脊髓中 CNPase含量, 并 研究环烯醚萜类对其表达的影响。
实验方法: 小鼠麻醉后处死, 水上取新鲜脊髓, 水上裂解提取 总蛋白, 制备 Western blot样品, 加 CNPase—抗孵育, 加相应 二抗, ECL显色, Kodak胶片曝光。 用 Image: [软件对图片进行分 析并经肌动蛋白标化。
实验结果: 与正常对照组相比, EAE模型小鼠脊髓 CNPase条 带明显变细, 整合灰度明显降低, 提示少突胶质细胞数量减少; 而莫诺苷与马钱素组合物用药组小鼠 CNPase条带变粗,整合灰度 明显增加 (表 6 ) 。 表明环烯醚萜类可明显增加成熟少突胶质细 胞数量, 有利于髓鞘的形成。
表 6、莫诺苷与马钱素组合物对 EAE小鼠模型脊髓少突胶质细 胞的影响
^ 少突股质细胞 组别
( CNPase/actin整合灰度) 正常对照 3 1.20士 0.05
EAE模型 3 1.00 ± 0.12*
EAE+醋酸泼尼松(阳性对照药) 3 1.18士 0.02*
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素组合物 10 mg/kg 3 1.05 ± 0.03
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素组合物 30 rag/kg 3 1.08 ± 0.05
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素组合物 90 mg/kg 3 1.19 ± 0.03* Mean土 SD; #P<0. 05, 模型组与正常对照组相比; *P<0. 05, 用药组与模型组相比。 实验例 7、 莫诺苷与马钱素组合物对实验性自身免疫性脑脊 髓炎(EAE ) 大鼠模型神经功能损伤的影响
大鼠模型制备及给药: 本实验中 EAE大鼠模型的制备是使用 豚鼠脊髓和大脑灰质勾浆液与完全弗氏佐剂乳化后于尾根部皮下 多点免疫雌性 Lewi s大鼠。莫诺苷与马钱素组合物灌胃给药 3周。
神经功能检测方法: 每日采用盲法由两名实验人员观察大鼠 行为学变化。 评分标准: 0分, 无症状; 1分, 尾部张力消失, 可 见轻度步态笨拙; 2分, 双后肢无力, 步行困难; 3分, 双后肢瘫 痪; 4分, 双后肢瘫痪及前肢无力; 5分, 四肢瘫痪; 6分, 濒死 状态或死亡。
实验结果: EAE模型大鼠于免疫后第 8天开始出现运动功能 障碍, 于第 12天达到高峰。莫诺苷与马钱素组合物具有显著降低 模型动物神经功能损伤评分的作用 (表 7 ) , 表明环烯醚萜类有 利于改善疾病所致肢体麻木、 平衡失调、 瘫痪等临床症状。
表 7、 莫诺苷与马钱素组合物对 EAE大鼠模型 : 病高峰期神 经功能损伤的影响
神经功能损伤评分 正常对照
EAE模型
EAE+醋酸泼尼松(阳性对照药)
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素組合物 20 mg/kg
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素组合物 60 rag/kg
Figure imgf000019_0001
Mean士 SD; ##P<0. 01, 模型组与正常对照组相比; *P<0, 05 * *P<0. 01, 用药组与模型组相比。 实验例 8、 莫诺苷与马钱素组合物对 EAE大鼠模型体重降低 的影响
实验目的: 体重降低反映机体免疫平衡状态被打破。 本实验 应用大鼠 EAE模型研究环烯醚萜类对模型动物体重降低的影响。
实验方法: 造模和给药方法同实猃例 7。 每日观察大鼠体重 的变化。
实验结果: EAE 模型大鼠于免疫后一周左右开始出现体重下 降, 于第 12天达到高峰。莫诺苷与马钱素组合物具有显著对抗模 型动物体重降低的作用 (表 8 ) , 表明环烯醚萜类有利于对抗模 型动物因免疫反应所致的体重降低。
表 8、莫诺苷与马钱素组合物对 EAE大鼠模型发病高峰期体重降 低的影响
組别 动物数 体重 (g ) 正常对照 7 225.1 ± 5.6
EAE模型 8 182.4 ± 6.1"
EA.E+醋酸泼尼松(阳性对照药) 6 198.5士 7.1**
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素组合物 20 rag/kg 6 196.8士 4.7**
EAE+莫诺苷与马钱素組合物 60 mg/kg 6 203.8土 2.8**
Mean士 SD; "Ρ<0· 01, 模型组与正常对照组相比; **Ρ<0· 01 用药组与模型组相比。 综上所述,环烯醚萜类化合物例如莫诺苷和 /或马钱素在多种 实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎( ΕΑΕ )动物模型上表现出明显的减轻 神经系统髓鞘脱失和炎性细胞浸润的病理变化, 螬高少突胶质细 胞数量从而促进髓鞘的形成和修复, 减少炎性细胞因子含量, 降 低神经功能损伤评分, 抑制因免疫反应所致的体重降低等作用, 表明环烯醚萜类化合物具有防治各种原因导致的神经系统脱髓鞘 疾病的用途。

Claims

权利要求
1. 含有环烯醚萜类化合物的组合物在制备减轻或修复神经 系统髓鞘病损相关疾病的药物中的用途。
2. 按照权利要求 1的用途, 其中所述环烯醚萜类化合物为莫 诺苷或其同系物或类似物, 和 /或马钱素或其同系物或类似物。
3. 按照权利要求 2 的用途, 其中所述莫诺苷占组合物的 25-50%w/w, 马钱素占組合物的 25-40% w/w。
4. 按照权利要求 1的用途,其中所述组合物为山茱萸提取物, 其中莫诺苷占所述提取物总重量的 25-50wt°/。, 马钱素占所述提取 物总重量的 25-40wt%。
5. 按照权利要求 1-4任一项的用途, 其中所述减轻神经系统 髓鞘病损用于治疗各种原因导致的出现髓鞘病损的疾病, 或用于 治疗神经系统脱髓鞘疾病。
6. 按照权利要求 5的用途, 其中所述疾病为多发性硬化、 视 神经脊髓炎、 急性播散性脑脊髓炎、 弥漫性硬化、 同心圆硬化、 脑白质营养不良、 脑桥中央髓鞘溶解症、 急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多 发性神经病或慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病, 或者所述疾病 为缺血 -缺氧性病引起的白质脑病、营养缺乏性疾病引起的亚急性 联合变性、 病毒感染引起的亚急性硬化性全脑炎或进行性多灶性 白质脑病。
7. 按照权利要求 5或 6的用途, 其中所述疾病为糖尿病性神 经病或系统性红斑狼疮。
8. 一种治疗或预防神经系统脱髓鞘疾病的药物组合物, 其特 征在于其含有权利要求 1-4 任一项中所述的组合物和任选的可药 用载体。
9. 一种治疗或预防神经系统脱髓鞘疾病的方法, 包括向需要 的患者施用治疗有效量的权利要求 1-4任一项中所述的组合物, 或含有所述组合物的药物组合物。
10. 按照权利要求 8所述的药物组合物或按照权利要求 9所 述的方法, 其中所述疾病为权利要求 5- 7任一项中所述的任一疾 病
PCT/CN2010/002049 2010-06-11 2010-12-15 含有环烯醚萜类化合物的组合物及其用途 WO2011153678A1 (zh)

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CN102614230B (zh) * 2011-03-09 2014-01-08 成都中医药大学 一种治疗类风湿性关节炎的药物组合物及其制备方法和用途
CN103316027B (zh) * 2013-06-06 2015-02-25 中国人民解放军第三军医大学 梓醇和维甲酸药物组合在制备预防或治疗脑白质损伤的药物中的应用
CN110693893B (zh) * 2018-07-10 2023-11-03 香港大学 来自地黄的提取物作为多发性硬化症的治疗剂
CN111690023B (zh) * 2019-03-13 2023-09-01 大理大学 马钱苷乙酰化衍生物类环烯醚萜化合物及其提取方法和应用
CN110849999B (zh) * 2019-12-05 2022-12-06 江西永通科技股份有限公司 一种分离8-表马钱子苷和马钱子苷的液相色谱方法
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EP4338740A1 (en) 2022-09-13 2024-03-20 Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz A transdermal patch for promoting or accelerating myelination and/or remyelination
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CN116889572A (zh) * 2023-06-06 2023-10-17 中山大学附属第八医院(深圳福田) 环烯醚萜类化合物在制备预防和/或治疗多发性硬化症的药物中的用途

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