WO2011145504A1 - 光源ユニットおよび画像表示装置 - Google Patents
光源ユニットおよび画像表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011145504A1 WO2011145504A1 PCT/JP2011/060906 JP2011060906W WO2011145504A1 WO 2011145504 A1 WO2011145504 A1 WO 2011145504A1 JP 2011060906 W JP2011060906 W JP 2011060906W WO 2011145504 A1 WO2011145504 A1 WO 2011145504A1
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- Prior art keywords
- light
- layer
- source unit
- light source
- opening
- Prior art date
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
- G03B21/20—Lamp housings
- G03B21/2073—Polarisers in the lamp house
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/44—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the coatings, e.g. passivation layer or anti-reflective coating
- H01L33/46—Reflective coating, e.g. dielectric Bragg reflector
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light source unit and an image display device.
- the projector normally modulates the light emitted from the light source unit using a spatial light modulation element and projects it onto the screen.
- the light emission intensity distribution of the light emitted from the light source unit is usually a Lambertian distribution.
- the Lambertian distribution is a light emission intensity distribution in which the distribution of the light emission intensity with respect to the observation angle is proportional to the cosine (cosine) of the observation angle.
- the angle component emitted at an angle equal to or greater than a predetermined angle is lost without being incident on the spatial light modulator, so the projector emits light from the light source unit compared to the Lambert distribution.
- a light source unit with high directivity is desired.
- the spatial light modulation element an element having polarization dependency such as a liquid crystal LV (light valve) is usually used.
- the polarization component orthogonal to the predetermined polarization direction is lost without being modulated by the spatial light modulation element, so that the projector increases the light use efficiency from the light source unit. Therefore, a light source unit that emits polarized light is desired.
- Patent Document 1 describes a light source device with high directivity.
- the light source device includes a solid light emitting element having a first electrode and a second electrode for supplying a current to the light emitting part, and an angle converting part that performs angle conversion of light emitted from the solid light emitting element.
- the first electrode reflects the light emitted from the light emitting unit in the direction of the second electrode.
- the second electrode includes an opening for emitting light from the light emitting unit.
- the angle conversion unit converts the angle so that the light emitted from the opening is guided in a predetermined direction and emits the light. Thereby, since the light from the light source device is emitted in a predetermined direction, the directivity of the light emitted from the light source device is increased.
- Patent Document 2 describes a light-emitting element that emits polarized light.
- This light emitting element has a light emitting part provided on the reference plane and an optical structure provided on the light emitting side of the light emitting part.
- the structure includes a reflective polarizing plate that transmits polarized light in the first vibration direction and reflects polarized light in the second vibration direction substantially orthogonal to the polarized light in the first vibration direction, and the reflective polarized light.
- An optical unit that transmits light from the plate and has a refractive index that periodically changes in a two-dimensional direction substantially parallel to the reference plane.
- the polarized light in the second vibration direction reflected by the reflective polarizing plate is converted into the polarized light in the first vibration direction, and then incident on the reflective polarizing plate again.
- the emitted light can be efficiently converted into polarized light.
- the efficiency of external extraction of light from the light emitting unit is enhanced.
- the solid-state light emitting device described in Patent Document 1 has high directivity of emitted light, but the emitted light is non-polarized light that is not polarized.
- the light emitting element described in Patent Document 2 can output light as polarized light, but has low directivity of the output light. Therefore, the inventions described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a problem that polarized light with high directivity cannot be emitted.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a light source unit capable of solving the above-described problem that polarized light with high directivity cannot be emitted, and an image display device using the light source unit. It is.
- the light source unit includes a light emitting layer that generates light, a reflective layer that reflects light generated in the light emitting layer, a mirror portion that reflects light generated in the light emitting layer, and light generated in the light emitting layer.
- a plurality of openings that transmit light of a polarization component of a predetermined polarization direction of the light and reflect light of a polarization component orthogonal to the predetermined polarization direction of the reflection layer.
- An opening array layer provided on the opposite side; and a direction changing portion that changes the traveling direction of the light transmitted through the opening and emits the converted light.
- An image display apparatus includes the light source unit described above, and a display unit that modulates light emitted from the light source unit according to a video signal and displays an image according to the video signal. .
- polarized light with high directivity can be emitted.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the image display apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the image display device is a projector, and includes a light source unit 1 and a projection unit 2.
- the light source unit 1 emits light.
- the projection unit 2 is a display unit that displays an image corresponding to the video signal on the screen 100 by modulating the light emitted from the light source unit 1 according to the video signal and projecting it on the screen 100.
- the projection unit 2 includes a spatial light modulation unit 3 and a projection optical system 4.
- the spatial light modulation unit 3 is a spatial modulation element such as a liquid crystal LV, for example, and modulates and emits light emitted from the light source unit 1 according to a video signal.
- the projection optical system 4 is an optical system such as a lens, for example, and projects the light emitted from the spatial light modulation unit 3 onto the screen 100 and displays an image corresponding to the video signal on the screen 100.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the light source unit 1 of the present embodiment.
- the actual thickness of each individual layer is very thin, and the difference in the thickness of each layer is large. Therefore, it is difficult to illustrate each layer with an accurate scale and ratio. For this reason, in the drawings, the layers are not drawn in actual proportions, and the layers are schematically shown.
- the light source unit 1 is mounted on the submount layer 101.
- the light source unit 1 includes a reflective layer 11, a light emitting unit 12, an aperture array layer 13, an angle conversion unit 14, and electrode pads 15 and 16.
- the reflective layer 11 is mounted on the submount layer 101.
- a light emitting unit 12 is formed on a part of the reflective layer 11, and an electrode pad 15 is formed on another part of the reflective layer 11.
- An opening array layer 13 is formed on a part of the light emitting unit 12, and an electrode pad 16 is formed on another region of the light emitting unit 12.
- An angle conversion unit 14 is formed on the opening array layer 13.
- the electrode pads 15 and 16 are electrically connected to an external electrode (not shown).
- the light emitting unit 12 includes a p-type semiconductor layer 12A, an active layer 12B, and an n-type semiconductor layer 12C.
- the active layer 12B is provided between the p-type semiconductor layer 12A and the n-type semiconductor layer 12C. More specifically, the p-type semiconductor layer 12A, the active layer 12B, and the n-type semiconductor layer 12C are stacked on the reflective layer 11 in this order.
- the opening array layer 13 is provided on the opposite side of the reflective layer 11 with respect to the active layer 12B.
- the reflective layer 11 reflects the light emitted from the light emitting unit 12 to the light emitting unit 12 side.
- the active layer 12B Light is generated at That is, the active layer 12B functions as a light emitting layer that generates light.
- the opening array layer 13 has a configuration in which an opening portion 13F is provided in a mirror portion 13E that reflects light emitted from the light emitting portion 12.
- the openings 13 ⁇ / b> F are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic square lattice pattern in the plane of the opening array layer 13.
- the openings 13F may be arranged in a triangular lattice shape instead of a square lattice shape.
- the shape of the opening 13F is not a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 3, but may be a circular shape or a polygonal shape.
- the opening 13F transmits light having a polarization component having a predetermined polarization direction out of light from the light emitting unit 12, and reflects light having a polarization component substantially orthogonal to the predetermined polarization direction.
- light having a polarization component in a predetermined polarization direction is referred to as first-polarization
- light having a polarization component substantially orthogonal to the predetermined polarization direction is referred to as second-polarization.
- the opening array layer 13 is formed of a substrate and a metal film. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the material and thickness of the metal layer 13G in the mirror portion 13E of the opening array layer 13 and the material and thickness of the metal layer 13G in the opening 13F are the same as each other. And it is desirable for the opening part 13F that the metal film is periodically arranged in a plane in a one-dimensional manner. As a material of the metal layer 13G, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, or the like is used.
- the opening array layer may be formed of a dielectric multilayer film. More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the material and thickness of each layer of the dielectric multilayer film in the mirror portion 13A of the opening array layer 13, and the material and thickness of each layer of the dielectric multilayer film in the opening portion 13B It is desirable that the thicknesses are the same as each other, and each layer of the opening 13B has a one-dimensional periodic uneven structure in the plane of each layer.
- the aperture array layer 13 uses two dielectric materials of a high refractive index layer 13C and a low refractive index layer 13D having different refractive indexes, but three or more kinds of dielectric materials are used. May be.
- the cross section of the periodic structure of the opening 13B is not limited to the sawtooth structure as shown in FIG.
- the aperture array layer 13 formed of a dielectric multilayer film has a lower absorptance with respect to light incident on the mirror portion 13A or the aperture portion 13B than the aperture array layer 13 formed of a metal film.
- the reflectance, the transmittance with respect to the polarized light in the first direction of the opening 13B, and the reflectance with respect to the polarized light in the second direction of the opening 13B are high, and the light generated in the light emitting portion 12 can be extracted outside with high efficiency. .
- the angle conversion unit 14 is also called a direction conversion unit.
- the angle conversion unit 14 converts the emission angle (traveling direction) of the transmitted light (polarized light in the first direction) that has passed through the opening 13B, and outputs the transmitted light with improved directivity.
- the angle conversion unit 14 is formed of a lens array in which a plurality of lenses corresponding to each of the openings 13B are arranged in parallel.
- the opening 13B is arranged at the focal position of the lens corresponding to itself.
- Each lens improves the directivity of light transmitted through the opening 13B corresponding to the lens.
- the lens array for example, a microlens array having a period of several microns used for a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) image sensor or a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor can be used.
- the transmitted light from the opening 13B can be regarded as light from a point light source, and thus the directivity of the transmitted light is improved by using a lens array. It becomes possible.
- the light generated in the active layer 12B includes direction components that travel in various directions.
- the light generated in the active layer 12B is non-polarized light.
- a part of the light generated in the active layer 12B is emitted toward the aperture array layer 13.
- Light incident on the mirror portion 13 ⁇ / b> A of the aperture array layer 13 is reflected toward the reflective layer 11.
- polarized light in the first direction for example, TM wave (Transverse Magnetic Wave)
- polarized light in the second direction for example, TE wave (Transverse Electric Wave)
- the groove direction (Y-axis direction in FIG. 5) of the concavo-convex structure formed in the opening 13B acting as a polarizer is the optical axis, and in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis (X-axis direction in FIG. 5).
- Polarization having a polarization component is a TM wave
- polarization having a polarization component in a direction parallel to the optical axis is a TE wave.
- the other part of the light generated in the active layer 12 ⁇ / b> B and the light reflected by the aperture array layer 13 are reflected by the reflective layer 11 and enter the aperture array layer 13.
- the polarization direction and the incident position on the aperture array layer 13 change, and finally pass through the aperture 13B.
- the light transmitted through the opening 13B is polarized light (polarized light in the first direction).
- the transmitted light is emitted with the directivity improved by the angle converter 14.
- the active layer 12B generates light.
- the reflective layer 11 reflects light from the active layer 12B.
- the opening array layer 13 is provided on the opposite side of the reflective layer 11 with respect to the active layer 12B.
- the aperture array layer 13 transmits the light of the polarization component of a predetermined polarization direction out of the mirror portion 13A that reflects the light from the active layer 12B, and has the polarization component orthogonal to the predetermined polarization direction.
- an opening 13B that reflects light.
- the angle conversion unit 14 changes the traveling direction of the light transmitted through the opening 13B and emits it.
- the angle directing portion 14 can improve the light directivity.
- the light source unit 1 can emit polarized light. Therefore, it becomes possible to emit polarized light with high directivity.
- the light source unit 1 since the function as an opening for reducing the etendue of light and the function as a polarizer for emitting polarized light can be realized by one element (opening 13B), the light source unit 1 can be reduced in size and Cost reduction can be achieved.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the light source unit of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the light source unit shown in FIG. 7 is different from the light source unit shown in FIG. 2 in that an angle conversion unit 24 is included instead of the angle conversion unit 14.
- the angle conversion unit 24 is also called a direction conversion unit. Similar to the angle conversion unit 14, the angle conversion unit 24 converts the emission angle (traveling direction) of the light transmitted through the opening 13 ⁇ / b> B and improves the directivity of the transmitted light to emit.
- the angle conversion unit 24 is formed of a tapered columnar array in which a plurality of taper columns corresponding to each of the openings 13B are arranged in parallel.
- the opening 13B is disposed on a straight line that takes the center of the tapered cylinder corresponding to itself.
- Each tapered cylinder improves the directivity of light transmitted through the opening 13B corresponding to itself.
- the tapered cylinder has different upper and lower surface circle sizes and has a tapered side surface.
- the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, since the angle conversion unit 24 is easier to create than the angle conversion unit 14 having a lens, there is also an effect that the light source unit can be created more easily.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the light source unit according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the light source unit shown in FIG. 8 is different from the light source unit shown in FIG. 2 in that a gap 31 is provided between the light emitting unit 12 and the aperture array layer 13.
- the light source unit shown in FIG. 8 is the same as in the first embodiment. Fulfills the functions.
- the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained. Moreover, since it is not necessary to integrally mold the opening array layer 13 and the angle conversion unit 14 with other layers, the light source unit 1 can be easily created.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the light source unit according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the light source unit shown in FIG. 9 is different from the light source unit shown in FIG. 2 in that an angle conversion structure 41 for converting the reflection direction of light is provided on the surface of the reflective layer 11.
- the angle conversion structure 41 is formed of, for example, a fine one-dimensional concavo-convex structure formed on a mirror surface, a two-dimensional concavo-convex structure, or a rough surface structure, and diffuses and reflects light from the active layer 12B side. The reflection direction is converted.
- the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, for example, the number of reflections of light that is generated at a position immediately below the mirror portion 13 ⁇ / b> A in the active layer 12 ⁇ / b> B and is incident substantially perpendicularly to the reflective layer 11 is reflected between the reflective layer 11 and the aperture array layer 13. It becomes possible to do. Therefore, attenuation of light due to reflection can be reduced.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the light source unit of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the light source unit shown in FIG. 10 is provided with an angle conversion structure 42 for converting the traveling direction of transmitted light on the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 12C. Is different.
- the angle conversion structure 42 is made of, for example, a transparent material having a refractive index different from that of the n-type semiconductor layer 12C, and has a one-dimensional or two-dimensional uneven structure or rough surface structure in the in-plane direction of the n-type semiconductor layer 12C. It is formed by. Further, due to the difference in refractive index between the angle conversion structure 42 and the n-type semiconductor layer 12C, the light transmitted through the angle conversion structure 42 is scattered, refracted or diffracted, and the traveling direction of the light is converted.
- the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, for example, the number of reflections of light that is generated at a position immediately below the mirror portion 13 ⁇ / b> A in the active layer 12 ⁇ / b> B and is incident substantially perpendicularly to the reflective layer 11 is reflected between the reflective layer 11 and the aperture array layer 13. It becomes possible to do. Therefore, attenuation of light due to reflection can be reduced.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a light source unit according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the light source unit 1 shown in FIG. 11 is different from the light source unit shown in FIG. 2 in that it further includes a polarization conversion layer 51 between the light emitting unit 12 and the aperture array layer 13.
- the polarization conversion layer 51 is an element that transmits light and changes the polarization state of the transmitted light.
- a quarter-wave plate or a depolarization plate is used and is formed of a transparent material having birefringence. Is done.
- the polarized light in the first direction is the opening 13B out of the light emitted from the active layer 12B, transmitted through the polarization conversion layer 51 and incident on the opening 13B.
- the polarized light in the second direction is reflected by the opening 13B.
- the polarized light in the second direction reflected by the opening 13B is transmitted through the polarization conversion layer 51 to be converted into circularly polarized light, reflected by the reflective layer 11, and again transmitted through the polarization conversion layer 51 and polarized in the first direction. Is converted to Of the converted first polarized wave, light incident on the opening 13B is transmitted through the opening 13B.
- the quarter wavelength plate as the polarization conversion layer 51, the number of reflections in the light source unit 1 until the light emitted from the active layer 12B is emitted from the light source unit 1 is reduced. Therefore, attenuation of light due to reflection can be reduced.
- the polarization conversion layer 51 when a depolarization layer is used as the polarization conversion layer 51, the light transmitted through the polarization conversion layer 51 becomes non-polarized light.
- the polarized light in the first direction is transmitted through the opening 13B, and the polarized light in the second direction is transmitted through the opening 13B.
- the polarized light in the second direction reflected by the opening 13B is transmitted through the polarization conversion layer 51 to be converted into non-polarized light, reflected by the reflection layer 11, transmitted through the polarization conversion layer 51 again, and the aperture array layer 13 Is incident on.
- the polarized light in the first direction is transmitted through the aperture 13B, and the polarized light in the second direction is reflected by the aperture 13B.
- the polarization conversion layer 51 the number of reflections in the light source unit 1 until the light emitted from the active layer 12 ⁇ / b> B is emitted from the light source unit 1 is expressed as the polarization conversion layer 51. Therefore, attenuation of light due to reflection can be reduced.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the light source unit according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- the light source unit 1 shown in FIG. 12 is different from the light source unit shown in FIG. 2 in that a phosphor 61 is included between the active layer 12B and the aperture array layer 13.
- the phosphor 61 functions as a light emitting layer that absorbs light emitted from the active layer 12B and emits fluorescence to generate light.
- the mirror portion 13 ⁇ / b> A of the aperture array layer 13 reflects the fluorescence generated by the phosphor 61.
- the aperture 13B of the aperture array layer 13 transmits light having a polarization component in a predetermined polarization direction out of the fluorescence generated by the phosphor 61, and transmits light having a polarization component substantially orthogonal to the predetermined polarization direction. reflect.
- the metal layer 13G formed of aluminum is stacked on the substrate layer 13H formed of glass of the aperture array layer 13
- the thickness of the metal layer 13G is 110 nm
- the period of the metal film 13G in the opening 13F is 140 nm
- the duty ratio is 0.3.
- FIG. 13 shows incident light rotating in a plane (in the XZ plane in FIG. 3) perpendicular to the optical axis (Y-axis direction in FIG. 3) of the opening 13F (S-polarized with respect to the TE wave, and with respect to the TM wave).
- 14 is a diagram showing the incident angle dependence of the transmittance with respect to light that becomes P-polarized light, and FIG. 14 shows a line perpendicular to the optical axis of the aperture 13F and the aperture array layer 13 (Z-axis in FIG. 3).
- FIGS. 13 and 14 show the incident angle dependence of the transmittance
- the wavelength of the incident light is 460 nm.
- the transmittance for the TE wave is represented by a solid line
- the transmittance for the TM wave is represented by a dotted line.
- the opening 13B functions as a polarizer with respect to incident light incident in an incident angle range of 0 ° to about 60 °.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the incident angle dependence of the transmittance of the mirror portion 13A of the aperture array layer 13. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 15, the wavelength of incident light is 460 nm. Further, since the mirror portion 13A has no optical axis, the TE wave and the TM wave are not distinguished. In FIG. 15, the transmittance for P-polarized light is indicated by a solid line, and the transmittance for S-polarized light is indicated by a dotted line. However, since the transmittance for any polarized light is zero, it overlaps the axis.
- the mirror unit 13E functions as a reflective element for incident light regardless of the incident angle.
- the incident angle dependence of the transmittance of the mirror portion 13E and the aperture portion 13F hardly changes in the wavelength range of visible light.
- the aperture array layer 13 is alternately composed of a high refractive index layer formed of Nb 2 O 5 and a low refractive index layer formed of SiO 2 for 10 cycles ( That is, a case where 20 layers are stacked will be described. It is assumed that the thickness of each high refractive index layer is 100 nm and the thickness of each low refractive index layer is 136 nm.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the wavelength dependence of the incident light perpendicularly incident on the mirror portion 13A of the transmittance of the mirror portion 13A when the aperture array layer 13 has the above-described configuration. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the incident light perpendicularly entered in the opening part 13B of the transmittance
- the transmittance for the TE wave is represented by a solid line
- the transmittance for the TM wave is represented by a dotted line.
- the mirror part 13A since the mirror part 13A has no optical axis, there is no distinction between a TE wave and a TM wave.
- the mirror portion 13A functions as a reflective element that reflects light when the wavelength of incident light is 440 nm or more.
- the opening 13B functions as a polarizer when the wavelength of incident light is about 440 nm to 470 nm. That is, the opening 13B reflects TE wave light and transmits TM wave light.
- FIG. 18 shows incident light rotating in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the opening 13B (Y-axis direction in FIG. 5) (in the XZ plane in FIG. 5) (S-polarized with respect to the TE wave, and with respect to the TM wave).
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the dependence of the transmittance on the incident angle with respect to the light that becomes P-polarized light, and FIG. 19 shows a line perpendicular to the optical axis of the opening 13B and the aperture array layer 13 (Z-axis in FIG.
- FIGS. 18 and 19 show the incident angle dependence of the transmittance
- the wavelength of incident light is set to 460 nm.
- the transmittance for the TE wave is represented by a solid line
- the transmittance for the TM wave is represented by a dotted line.
- the opening 13B functions as a polarizer for incident light incident at an incident angle of 0 ° to 15 °.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the incident angle dependence of the transmittance of the mirror portion 13A of the aperture array layer 13. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 20, the wavelength of incident light is 460 nm. Further, since the mirror portion 13A has no optical axis, the TE wave and the TM wave are not distinguished. In FIG. 20, the transmittance for P-polarized light is indicated by a solid line, and the transmittance for S-polarized light is indicated by a dotted line.
- the mirror portion 13A functions as a reflective element for incident light incident at an incident angle of 0 ° to 45 °.
- the incident angle dependency and wavelength dependency of the transmittance of the mirror portion 13A and the opening portion 13B vary depending on the configuration of the opening array layer 13. For this reason, by appropriately adjusting the configuration of the aperture array layer 13, the range of the wavelength and incident angle of the incident light in which the mirror portion 13A functions as a reflective element and the aperture portion 13B functions as a polarizer can be set as described in the above configuration example. Can be wider.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing another example of the aperture array layer 13.
- the incident angle dependency and wavelength dependency of the transmittance of the mirror portion 13A and the aperture portion 13B are as shown in FIGS.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the wavelength dependence of the incident light perpendicularly incident on the mirror portion 13A of the transmittance of the mirror portion 13A
- FIG. 23 shows the transmittance of the opening portion 13B. It is a figure which shows the wavelength dependence of the incident light which enters into the opening part perpendicular
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing the incident angle dependence of the transmittance for incident light rotating in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the opening 13B
- FIG. 25 shows the optical axis and the aperture array layer of the opening 13B.
- 13 is a diagram showing the incident angle dependence of the transmittance for incident light rotating in a plane parallel to a straight line perpendicular to 13;
- 26 is a diagram illustrating the dependency of the transmittance of the mirror unit 13A on the incident angle of incident light.
- the wavelength of the incident light is set to 460 nm.
- the transmittance for the TE wave is represented by a solid line
- the transmittance for the TM wave is represented by a dotted line.
- the transmittance for P-polarized light is indicated by a solid line
- the transmittance for S-polarized light is indicated by a dotted line.
- the transmittance for S-polarized light is zero, it overlaps the axis.
- the mirror portion 13A functions as a reflective element.
- the opening 13B functions as a polarizer.
- the mirror portion 13A functions as a reflective element for incident light having an incident angle of 0 ° to 65 °, and the opening portion 13B has an incident angle of 0 ° to 65 °. It functions as a polarizer for incident light of 30 °.
- the mirror portion 13A functions as a reflective element and the aperture portion 13B functions as a polarizer. I understand that.
- the wavelength of light transmitted through the aperture array layer 13 can be adjusted by appropriately adjusting the configuration of the aperture array layer 13.
- the aperture array layer 13 is formed by alternately stacking a high refractive index layer formed of Nb 2 O 5 and a low refractive index layer formed of SiO 2 for 8 periods (that is, 16 layers),
- a high refractive index layer formed of Nb 2 O 5
- a low refractive index layer formed of SiO 2 for 8 periods (that is, 16 layers)
- the thickness of the high refractive index layer is 136 nm
- the thickness of each low refractive index layer is 136 nm
- the wavelength dependency of the incident light perpendicularly incident on the mirror portion 13A of the transmittance of the mirror portion 13A is 27, and the wavelength dependency of the incident light perpendicularly incident on the opening 13B of the transmittance of the opening 13B is as shown in FIG.
- the mirror portion 13A functions as a reflective element
- the opening portion 13B functions as a polarizer
- FIG. 29 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a light source unit.
- the light source unit is the light source unit including the angle conversion unit 24 shown in FIG.
- the openings 13B are periodically arranged in parallel, and the center interval between the adjacent openings 13B is 0.8 ⁇ m.
- a tapered columnar array is formed on a layer having a uniform thickness (0.18 ⁇ m) covering the opening array layer 13.
- Each tapered cylinder of the tapered cylinder array is formed centered on the opening corresponding to itself.
- the taper angle of each tapered cylinder is 45 °, and the diameter of the circle on the upper surface of each tapered cylinder is 0.25 ⁇ m.
- the width of the opening 13B is W.
- the extraction efficiency which is the ratio of the amount of light emitted from the opening 13 to the amount of light generated by the light emitting unit 12, increases as the width W of the opening 13B increases. This is because as the width of the opening 13B increases, the number of reflections of light reflected by the reflective layer 11 and the aperture array layer 13 can be reduced. On the other hand, as the width W of the opening 13 is smaller, the angle conversion unit 24 can improve the directivity of the emitted light from the light source unit 1. In other words, the extraction efficiency and directivity are in a trade-off relationship.
- FIG. 30 shows the relationship between the emission angle and the emission intensity when there is no aperture array layer 13 and angle conversion unit 14.
- the vertical axis in FIG. 30 is normalized by the emission intensity in the 0 ° direction.
- the aperture array layer 13 has the same configuration as described above, and the wavelength of light generated by the light emitting unit 12 is 445 nm.
- the emission intensity distribution is a Lambertian distribution.
- the aperture array layer 13 is present, the emitted light is concentrated within ⁇ 30 °, and the directivity of the emitted light is greater than when the aperture array layer 13 and the angle conversion unit 14 are not provided. Has improved.
- the light generated in the active layer 12B is directly incident on the opening 13B without being reflected by the reflection layer 11, but there is actually light that is reflected.
- the number of reflections increases, the light attenuates due to absorption by the reflective layer 11, and the light emission efficiency of the light source unit 1 decreases.
- the structural example of the opening array layer 13 suitable for reflecting in the reflection layer 11 once and entering in the opening part 13B is demonstrated.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram for explaining a setting example of the period of the openings 13B formed in the opening array layer 13 that is suitable for being reflected once by the reflective layer 11 and entering the openings 13B.
- a light source unit without a gap between the portion 12 and the aperture array layer 13 is shown.
- the distance from the center of the active layer 12B to the aperture array layer 13 is L1
- the distance from the surface of the reflective layer 11 to the aperture array layer 13 is L2
- the period of the aperture 13B is P (Pitch)
- the size of the aperture 13B is large. Let W be the size.
- the position of the light emitting point within the surface of the active layer 12 is the center A of the formation part of the mirror part 13 where it is most difficult for light to be reflected and emitted only once.
- the light is emitted by one-time reflection.
- the intersection of the emitted lights is at a distance of 2 ⁇ L2 + L1 from the center A of the mirror portion 13A.
- FIG. 32 shows an opening when the ratio W / P of the width W of the opening 13B to the period P is 0.25 in the light source unit shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the pitch P of 13B, and angular width (delta) (theta). From this figure, it can be seen that the pitch P should be about 14 ⁇ m in order to maximize the angular width ⁇ (about 14.5 °).
- FIG. 33 is a diagram for explaining an example of setting the period of the openings 13B formed in the opening array layer 13 that is suitable for being reflected once by the reflective layer 11 and entering the openings 13B.
- a light source unit in which a gap 31 is provided between the light emitting unit 12 and the aperture array layer 13 is shown.
- the distance from the center of the active layer 12B to the aperture array layer 13 is L1
- the distance from the surface of the reflective layer 11 to the aperture array layer 13 is L2
- the period of the aperture 13B Is P (Pitch)
- the size of the opening 13B is W.
- the position of the light emitting point in the surface of the active layer 12 is the center A of the formation part of the mirror part 13 where it is most difficult for light to be reflected and emitted only once.
- the light is emitted by one reflection.
- the intersection of the emitted lights is at a distance of 2 ⁇ L2 + L1 from the center A of the mirror portion 13A.
- the image display device may be a rear projector that includes the screen 100 and projects light onto the screen 100 from the back side, or may be an image display device other than the projector.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (14)
- 光を発生させる発光層と、
前記発光層で発生した光を反射する反射層と、
前記発光層で発生した光を反射するミラー部と、前記発光層で発生した光のうちの所定の偏光方向の偏光成分の光を透過させ、当該所定の偏光方向と直交する偏光成分の光を反射する複数の開口部とを有し、前記発光層に対して前記反射層の反対側に設けられた開口アレイ層と、
前記開口部を透過した光の進行方向を変換して出射する方向変換部と、を含む光源ユニット。 - 請求項1に記載の光源ユニットにおいて、
前記方向変換部は、前記複数の開口部にそれぞれ対応した複数のレンズを有するレンズアレイであり、
前記複数の開口部のそれぞれは、自身と対応したレンズの焦点位置に配置されている、光源ユニット。 - 請求項1に記載の光源ユニット1において、
前記方向変換部は、前記複数の開口部にそれぞれ対応した複数のテーパー円柱を有するテーパー円柱アレイであり、
前記複数の開口部のそれぞれは、自身と対応したテーパー円柱の中心を通る直線上に配置されている、光源ユニット。 - 請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の光源ユニットにおいて、
前記開口アレイ層は、基板層と金属層とから形成され、
前記ミラー部における前記基板層及び前記金属層の材料および厚さは、それぞれ前記開口部における前記基板層及び前記金属層の材料および厚さと同じである、光源ユニット。 - 請求項4に記載の光源ユニットにおいて、
前記開口部における前記金属層では、金属膜が当該金属層の面内の1次元方向に周期的に配置されている、光源ユニット。 - 請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の光源ユニットにおいて、
前記開口アレイ層は、誘電体多層膜で形成され、
前記ミラー部における前記誘電体多層膜の各層の材料および厚さは、前記開口部における前記誘電体多層膜の各層の材料および厚さと同じである、光源ユニット。 - 請求項6に記載の光源ユニットにおいて、
前記開口部における前記誘電体多層膜の各層は、当該各層の面内における一次元の周期的な凹凸構造を有する、光源ユニット。 - 請求項1ないし7のいずれか1項に記載の光源ユニットにおいて、
前記開口アレイ層と前記発光層との間に間隙が設けられている、光源ユニット。 - 請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の光源ユニットにおいて、
前記開口アレイ層と前記反射層との間に、光の進行方向を変化させる角度変換構造を備える、光源ユニット。 - 請求項1ないし9のいずれか1項に記載の光源ユニットにおいて、
前記開口アレイ層と前記反射層との間に、光を透過し、当該透過した光の偏光状態を変化させる偏光変換層を備える、光源ユニット。 - 請求項10に記載の光源ユニットにおいて、
前記偏光変換層は、波長板である、光源ユニット。 - 請求項10に記載の光源ユニットにおいて、
前記偏光変換層は、前記透過した光を無偏光の光に変換する偏光解消板である、光源ユニット。 - 請求項1ないし12のいずれか1項に記載の光源ユニットにおいて、
前記発光層は蛍光体である、光源ユニット。 - 請求項1ないし13のいずれか1項に記載の光源ユニットと、
前記光源ユニットから出射された光を映像信号に応じて変調して、当該映像信号に応じた画像を表示する表示部と、を含む画像表示装置。
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US13/637,687 US20130016139A1 (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2011-05-12 | Light source unit and image display device |
CN2011800253029A CN102971876A (zh) | 2010-05-21 | 2011-05-12 | 光源单元和图像显示装置 |
JP2012515852A JPWO2011145504A1 (ja) | 2010-05-21 | 2011-05-12 | 光源ユニットおよび画像表示装置 |
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JP6945529B2 (ja) * | 2016-06-22 | 2021-10-06 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 導光部材および液晶表示装置 |
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