WO2011136365A1 - 不定形耐火物用結合剤、不定形耐火物、及び不定形耐火物の施工方法 - Google Patents
不定形耐火物用結合剤、不定形耐火物、及び不定形耐火物の施工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011136365A1 WO2011136365A1 PCT/JP2011/060452 JP2011060452W WO2011136365A1 WO 2011136365 A1 WO2011136365 A1 WO 2011136365A1 JP 2011060452 W JP2011060452 W JP 2011060452W WO 2011136365 A1 WO2011136365 A1 WO 2011136365A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a binder for an irregular refractory used for lining or repairing a kiln, an irregular refractory, and a method for constructing an irregular refractory.
- the binder of refractory lining of kiln furnaces for various high-temperature processes including steel process includes sodium phosphate, sodium silicate, furan resin, phenol resin, pitch, aluminum lactate, sodium aluminate, silica sol, alumina sol, polyvinyl
- Many inorganic and organic compounds such as alcohol, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl silicate, alumina cement, hydraulic alumina and the like are used.
- alumina cement main constituent compounds: CaO ⁇ Al 2 O 3 , CaO ⁇ 2Al 2 O 3 , 12CaO ⁇ 7Al 2 O 3
- degassing / secondary refining equipment such as blast furnace iron, molten steel pan, RH
- Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 disclose a raw material mixture for producing a refractory alumina cement mainly composed of barium or strontium and alumina. Specifically, a raw material mixture for producing cement is obtained by appropriately heat-treating a mixture of carbonate and chloride.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a trial product obtained by adding a commercially available high-purity reagent to a CaO—SrO—Al 2 O 3 cement and mixing and firing it. It is shown.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a binder for an amorphous refractory using a raw material mixture for cement production having a CaO—SrO—Al 2 O 3 composition, which is compared with a binder having a CaO—Al 2 O 3 composition. Thus, it has been shown that slag resistance at high temperatures is improved.
- binders such as alumina cement that are generally used tend to form low-melting material with molten iron and iron oxide in slag, and part of the binder As a result, wear and infiltration of the refractory progressed and there was a problem that the original durability of the refractory aggregate component could not be fully exhibited.
- Patent Document 1 a raw material mixture for producing a refractory alumina cement mainly composed of barium or strontium and alumina is provided, and the strength of the clinker binder using this is investigated, but the compressive strength is It does not fully develop on the 3rd and 7th days after production, and the maximum strength finally appears after 28 days.
- Patent Document 1 does not disclose any characteristics at high temperatures exceeding 1000 ° C., and furthermore, the corrosion resistance against high-temperature molten iron and slag is unknown, and the amorphous is excellent in corrosion resistance at high temperatures. No means for applying to refractories is shown.
- Patent Document 2 a heat-insulating castable composition using strontium aluminate as a binder is provided, and a heat-insulating material having strength at high temperatures is obtained, but heat-insulating lining on the back of the kiln Since it is a use, it is unknown about the corrosion resistance against high-temperature molten iron and slag, which is an essential characteristic for kiln furnace lining.
- strontium aluminate is used as a binder, strontium ions are likely to elute during kneading, so that aggregation is likely to occur, and it is not easy to construct an adiabatic castable using strontium aluminate as a binder. It became clear that there was a case.
- Non-Patent Document 1 a CaO—SrO—Al 2 O 3 based cement was prototyped, and it was shown that the strength of the cured product was maximized at an Sr substitution amount of 0.3 to 0.4 mol. Properties at high temperatures exceeding 1000 ° C. are not disclosed at all, and no means for applying to amorphous refractories having excellent corrosion resistance at high temperatures is disclosed.
- the binder for refractory for indefinite shape that is actually industrialized is mainly CaO ⁇ Al 2 O 3 , ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , CaO ⁇ 2Al 2 O 3 , 12CaO ⁇ 7Al 2
- alumina cement containing O 3 and various additives is used.
- Non-Patent Document 2 shows that the crystal structure of the CaAl 2 O 4 —SrAl 2 O 4 solid solution varies depending on the solid solution amount of Ca and Sr. It is described in the introduction that CaAl 2 O 4 is a major component of high alumina cement used in refractory castables in the steel industry. However, there is no description or suggestion regarding the performance of the amorphous refractory such as strength and corrosion resistance when the CaAl 2 O 4 —SrAl 2 O 4 solid solution is used as a binder for the amorphous refractory.
- examples of alumina cements currently used for binders for irregular refractories include, for example, trade names “High Alumina Cement ES”, “High Alumina Cement VS-2”, “High Alumina Cement” manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- Super 90 “ High Alumina Cement Super G ”,“ High Alumina Cement Super 2 ”,“ High Alumina Cement Super ”, etc.
- CaO.Al 2 O 3 is mainly used, and ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , CaO.2Al 2 O 3 , 12CaO.7Al 2 O 3 , and a small amount of additives according to characteristics are blended.
- Patent Document 3 discloses Ca x Sr 1-x Al 2 O 4 as a binder having better corrosion resistance against slag and molten iron than conventional alumina cement.
- it in order to use it widely as a binder for amorphous refractories in kilns having various thicknesses and shapes, further improvement in curing strength has been demanded.
- the present invention uses an amorphous refractory binder, which is superior in corrosion resistance to slag and molten iron, and has an early onset of curing strength and excellent stability, compared to conventional binders such as alumina cement.
- An object is to provide an amorphous refractory and a method for constructing the irregular refractory.
- the present inventor pays attention to replacing Ca in the binder for amorphous refractory with a metal element from the viewpoint of improving the fire resistance of the amorphous refractory, and CaO.
- the composition is made to have a high melting point, and corrosion resistance to slag and molten iron is improved. It has been newly found that it is excellent and can be improved in workability and stability at high temperatures (see Patent Document 3). Further, it has also been found that the strength can be increased by shortening the time until the strength of the amorphous refractory is manifested by solid solution of SrO (see Patent Document 3).
- solid solution refers to a state in which two or more kinds of elements (which may be metal or non-metal) are dissolved together to form a uniform solid phase as a whole.
- the solid solution refers to a uniform solid crystalline phase formed by two or more elements.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows. (1) When ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 or ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 contains a solid solution in which a Ca component is dissolved, and the crystallite diameter of the solid solution is that the ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 is in solid solution Is a binder for amorphous refractory, which is not less than 40 nm and not more than 75 nm, and is not less than 35 nm and not more than 70 nm when the ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 is dissolved.
- the solid solution for dissolving the Ca component in the ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 or the ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 is contained in an amount of 10% by mass to 60% by mass, and Al 2 O 3 is contained in an amount of 40% by mass to 90% by mass. %, The binder for irregular refractories according to the above (1).
- the solid solution in which the Sr component is dissolved in CaAl 2 O 4 is contained as a mixture, and the crystallite diameter of the solid solution is 25 nm or more and 60 nm or less. Agent.
- a solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 , a solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 , and a solid solution in which the Sr component is dissolved in CaAl 2 O 4 The binder for amorphous refractories according to (7) above, wherein 10 to 60% by mass in total and Al 2 O 3 is blended in an amount of 40 to 90% by mass.
- the binder for an amorphous refractory contains one or more selected from the group of SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , MgO and BaO, and the content thereof is within 12% by mass.
- the binder for an amorphous refractory according to the above (1) (10) The binder for an amorphous refractory according to the above (1), wherein at least one of a dispersant and a curing retarder is blended in the binder for an amorphous refractory.
- An amorphous refractory comprising the refractory aggregate containing the binder for an irregular refractory according to any one of (1) to (10) above.
- the dispersant is selected from the group consisting of a polycarboxylic acid-based dispersant, a phosphoric acid-based dispersant, an oxycarboxylic acid, a melamine-based dispersant, a naphthalene-based dispersant, and a lignin sulfonic acid-based dispersant.
- the curing accelerator is at least one of alkali metal salts and aluminates
- the curing retarder is at least one of boric acids and silicofluorides. Unshaped refractory.
- the binder for an irregular refractory according to any one of the above (1) to (10) is mixed with a refractory aggregate containing ultrafine alumina having a particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less and kneaded.
- the binder for irregular refractory according to the present invention has good strength development in a short time compared to the conventional one, can reduce the time required for de-framework, improve the construction efficiency, It has excellent corrosion resistance against slag and molten iron, and can exert the effect of extending the life of the amorphous refractory lining the kiln used at high temperatures.
- the binder contains a solid solution that dissolves the Ca component in SrAl 2 O 4 .
- the crystallite diameter of the solid solution is 40 nm or more and 75 nm or less, and when SrAl 2 O 4 is ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 , The crystallite diameter is 35 nm or more and 70 nm or less.
- the binder containing a solid solution having a crystallite diameter in the above predetermined range has a melting point higher than that of conventional alumina cement (mainly CaO ⁇ Al 2 O 3 ), and when it becomes a hardened body by reacting with water, Excellent stability.
- conventional alumina cement mainly CaO ⁇ Al 2 O 3
- an appropriate working time can be secured, and the curing speed is improved as compared with the conventional one, and the corrosion resistance.
- the strength since the strength is further improved, it can be used as a binder for a wide range of applications.
- the content of the solid solution is preferably 10% by mass or more in the binder. Further, the upper limit of the content may be 100% by mass.
- the composition of the balance in the binder is typically Al 2 O 3, but other examples include SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , MgO, BaO and the like. As a route for these to enter the binder of the present invention, Al 2 O 3 may be intentionally added in order to impart high fire resistance.
- Other components may be included in the raw materials used in advance, or may be contaminated from manufacturing processes such as a binder raw material and a pulverizing apparatus, a transport apparatus, and a baking apparatus.
- the solid solution in embodiment shown below can also be contained in a binder as a mixture.
- the second embodiment of the present invention is a binder containing a solid solution having a crystallite diameter of 40 nm or more and 75 nm or less of the solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 described in the first embodiment.
- the content ratio of the solid solution in which SrO is dissolved in CaO.Al 2 O 3 contained in the binder is not limited. However, in order to easily exert the effect, the content of the solid solution mixture is preferably 10% by mass or more in the binder. Further, the upper limit of the content may be 100% by mass.
- the composition of the balance is typically Al 2 O 3 , but in addition, there are SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , MgO, BaO, and the like. Can be exemplified. As a route for these to enter the binder of the present invention, Al 2 O 3 may be intentionally added in order to impart high fire resistance, as in the first embodiment.
- Other components may be included in the raw materials used in advance, or may be contaminated from manufacturing processes such as a binder raw material and a pulverizing apparatus, a transport apparatus, and a baking apparatus.
- the solid solution in which SrO is dissolved in CaO ⁇ Al 2 O 3 has hydraulic properties, has a higher melting point than CaO ⁇ Al 2 O 3 in the conventional alumina cement, and reacts with water to form a cured product. When it becomes, since it is excellent in stability at high temperature, a higher effect than a conventional binder can be obtained. Further, a solid solution obtained by dissolving SrO in CaO.Al 2 O 3 is more preferable because an appropriate working time and curing rate can be obtained in the range of the crystallite diameter of 25 nm to 60 nm.
- a solid solution having a crystallite diameter in a predetermined range in which a Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 described in the first embodiment in a binder and Unlike the first embodiment, the solid solution having a crystallite diameter in a predetermined range in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 is not only one but also contains both. Furthermore, a solid solution that dissolves the Sr component in CaO ⁇ Al 2 O 3 described in the second embodiment may be included.
- the existence forms of these solid solutions in the binder do not exist as a single solid solution by mutual solid solution, but exist as independent solid solutions, and the binder exists in the form of a mixture. Moreover, also in 3rd embodiment, a higher effect than the conventional binder is acquired like 1st embodiment and 2nd embodiment.
- the ratio of these two or three solid solutions as a mixture in the binder is not particularly defined. However, in order to easily exhibit the effect, the total content of the mixture of these solid solutions is preferably 10% by mass or more in the binder. Further, the upper limit of the content may be 100% by mass.
- the composition of the balance as the binder is typically Al 2 O 3, but other examples include SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , MgO, BaO and the like. As a route for these to enter the binder of the present invention, Al 2 O 3 may be intentionally added to impart high fire resistance, as in the first and second embodiments.
- Other components may be included in the raw materials used in advance, or may be contaminated from manufacturing processes such as a binder raw material and a pulverizing apparatus, a transport apparatus, and a baking apparatus.
- the contents of the above-mentioned SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , MgO, BaO, etc., which are impurities in the binder in the first to third embodiments, are selected in the selection of industrially used raw materials and the manufacturing process. By performing management and optimization, the effect of the present invention can be reduced to an extent that is not affected.
- the amount is a total amount including the chemical component amount in terms of oxide of each substance, and is preferably within 12% by mass, more preferably within 5% by mass with respect to the binder of the present invention. When the content is larger than 12% by mass, performance deterioration such as deterioration in strength and corrosion resistance of the amorphous refractory using the binder may occur.
- the post-curing strength of the amorphous refractory may increase. This is presumed to be due to the fact that minerals containing these components generate an amorphous form that facilitates ion elution when reacted with water.
- the increase in strength is large at 5% by mass or less and appears up to 12% by mass.
- the strength may decrease because the mineral containing these components produces a crystalline phase with poor solubility in water.
- the corrosion resistance at high temperature may be lowered because of a decrease in melting point as an impurity.
- the elution of ions is extremely fast, and after reaching the saturation solubility, the hydrated product is precipitated from the supersaturated solution to form a crosslinked structure between the particles, contributing to bonding, and increasing the strength. Appears and hardens.
- the binder is usually used as a powder, it is preferable that the above-mentioned solid solution in the present invention is also present in the binder in a powder state.
- the crystallite diameter can be calculated by the Scherrer method by obtaining the half width from the diffraction peak obtained by powder X-ray diffraction measurement.
- the solid solution of the present invention is characterized in that the diffraction line changes depending on the mixing ratio of Ca and Sr.
- various solid solutions prepared by combining various raw materials and synthesized by a firing method such as the surface and inside of the fired body when using a batch furnace so that an average evaluation sample can be obtained.
- time intervals for example, 1 minute intervals
- a powder X-ray diffractometer JDX-3500 manufactured by JEOL Ltd.
- the crystallite diameter may be calculated using powder X-ray diffraction pattern analysis software JADE6.
- the half width derived from the X-ray diffractometer used for the analysis of the crystallite diameter may be obtained by measuring a silicon powder sample under the same conditions and obtaining the half width curve thereof.
- the firing temperature is set.
- it can be made differently by changing the mixing ratio of the starting materials to a predetermined molar ratio.
- the starting material may be any material as long as it contains CaO, SrO, and Al 2 O 3 as the main component. However, since CaO and SrO may be hydrated in the atmosphere, CaCO 3 , SrCO 3 , Al 2 It is preferable to use O 3 . Details of the types of raw materials will be described later.
- the mixing ratio in terms of CaO: SrO: Al 2 O 3 is prepared by weighing and blending so as to be a predetermined X in terms of molar ratio when expressed as Ca x Sr 1-x Al 2 O 4 .
- the lattice constants of the a-axis, b-axis, and c-axis increase. This is because of the ionic radii of Ca and Sr. Referring to the polling ion radius, the ion radius of Ca is 0.099 nm, whereas Sr is 0.113 nm, and Sr is larger. It is considered that the lattice expansion was caused by the replacement of Sr having a large ionic radius and the lattice spacing was widened.
- XRD powder X-ray diffraction method
- a RAD-B system with a curved crystal monochromator manufactured by Rigaku Corporation can be used.
- an internal standard method using silicon, aluminum, magnesium, or the like as a primary standard sample.
- solid solutions or a mixture of solid solutions may be further mixed to produce a target solid solution mixture.
- the crystallite diameter of the solid solution is in the range of 40 nm to 75 nm in the case of a solid solution in which a Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4.
- a temperature range of 1400 ° C. to 1500 ° C. can be said to be a preferable temperature range because the firing time for obtaining a predetermined crystallite size can be shortened and an excessive increase in the crystallite size due to over-calcination is less likely to occur.
- the firing time may be adjusted so that the target crystallite diameter can be obtained at each temperature.
- the firing time is 1 to 24 hours at 1400 ° C. and 0.5 to 12 hours at 1500 ° C.
- the crystallite diameter of the solid solution becomes too large and falls outside the specified crystallite diameter range. This is not preferable because the hardening strength in a short curing time is lowered.
- a more preferable firing temperature and firing time are 1 to 5 hours at 1400 to 1500 ° C.
- the said appropriate temperature and baking time change somewhat with specifications, such as a furnace volume and a heating capability, the production
- any of the first to third embodiments of the present invention when the solid solution reacts with water to form a cured body, when it is required to further increase the strength and fire resistance of the cured body, Al It is preferable to use a binder containing 2 O 3 .
- the content in a suitable binder is 10% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less of the solid solution, and the blended Al 2 O 3 is 40% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less.
- Al 2 O 3 in the binder is 40 mass% or more is preferable because it is possible to sufficiently increase the strength or refractoriness of hardened bodies.
- the content of the solid solution is relatively small, and it may be difficult to uniformly cure, so 90% by mass or less is preferable.
- the blending ratio of the binder and the refractory aggregate in the amorphous refractory is not particularly specified, and it has been confirmed that even if it is an arbitrary blending ratio, the effect is obtained.
- the mixing ratio of the binder and the refractory aggregate is the total amount of the binder and the refractory aggregate.
- the amount is 100% by mass, it is recommended that the amount of the binder be 0.3% by mass to 20% by mass, and more preferably 0.5% by mass to 12% by mass.
- the reason for this is that when the amount is less than 0.3% by mass, the bonding is insufficient and the strength after the binder is cured may be insufficient. Moreover, when it exceeds 20 mass%, the volume change etc. in the hydration of a binder or a dehydration process may affect the whole amorphous refractory, and a crack etc. may generate
- produce when it exceeds 20 mass%, the volume change etc. in the hydration of a binder or a dehydration process may affect the whole amorphous refractory, and a crack etc. may generate
- Refractory aggregates for amorphous refractories include fused alumina, fused bauxite, sintered alumina, calcined alumina, fused mullite, synthetic mullite, fused silica, fused zirconia, fused zirconia mullite, zircon, magnesia.
- Clinker Fused Magnesia, Fused Magcro, Sintered Spinel, Fused Spinel, Silicon Nitride, Silicon Carbide, Scaly Graphite, Soil Graphite, Sillimanite, Kyanite, Andalusite, Rolite, Porphyry Shale, Dolomite Clinker, Silica Clay, chamotte, lime, chromium, fused quartz, calcium aluminate, calcium silicate, silica flour and the like can be used. One kind of these or a combination of two or more kinds may be used.
- the amount of water or water-containing solvent during construction is not particularly specified. However, although it depends on the particle size distribution of the aggregate and the type and amount of the dispersant, it is generally preferable that the outer shell is about 2 to 10% by mass.
- the amount is less than 2% by mass, it is difficult to cure. Further, if the amount is more than 10% by mass, the amount related to the formation of the hardened structure becomes relatively high, and the volume change during the hardening reaction tends to adversely affect the quality of the refractory.
- the binder of the present invention when used as a binder for an amorphous refractory, a dispersant or a curing modifier is added in order to appropriately control the speed of the hydration / curing reaction according to the temperature and humidity. Is preferred.
- Dispersants include carbonates such as sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate, oxycarboxylic acids such as citric acid and sodium citrate, tartaric acid and sodium tartrate, polyacrylic acid and methacrylic acid and salts thereof, sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate.
- carbonates such as sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate
- oxycarboxylic acids such as citric acid and sodium citrate, tartaric acid and sodium tartrate, polyacrylic acid and methacrylic acid and salts thereof, sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate.
- Such condensed phosphates and / or alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof can be mainly used.
- a curing retarder or a curing accelerator can be used as the curing modifier.
- the curing retarder boric acid, borax, sodium gluconate, silicofluoride and the like can be used.
- the curing accelerator lithium salt such as lithium carbonate, slaked lime, aluminate or the like can be used.
- an explosion preventing agent such as organic fiber such as vinylon, metal aluminum powder, aluminum lactate or the like can be used.
- ultrafine powder can be added to improve fluidity, fillability and sinterability.
- inorganic fine powder having a particle size of about 0.01 to 100 ⁇ m, such as silica fume, colloidal silica, easily sintered alumina, amorphous silica, zircon, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, chromium oxide and titanium oxide.
- a water reducing agent such as a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and a lignin water reducing agent, a high performance water reducing agent, and a high performance AE when kneaded with water.
- Chemical admixtures such as water reducing agents can be used. The type and amount of these chemical admixtures can be appropriately selected depending on conditions such as the type and amount of the refractory aggregate to be blended and the construction temperature.
- a solid solution in which the Sr component is dissolved in CaAl 2 O 4 which is a binder of the binder for the amorphous refractory of the present invention a solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 , and ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4
- limestone mainly CaCO 3
- quicklime mainly CaO
- refined alumina ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , Al (OH) 3
- bauxite Al 2 O 3 raw material
- strontian ore (SrCO 3 ) and celestite (SrSO 4 ) are preferably used.
- these raw materials are preferably pulverized by a pulverizer to a 50% average diameter of about 0.5 to 15 ⁇ m.
- coarser particles When coarser particles are included, many unreacted parts may remain, or a composition different from the solid solution of the composition of the present invention may be partially generated, and the original effect of the invention is hardly exhibited. This is because there are cases.
- the composition different from the solid solution of the present invention includes Ca x Sr 1-x Al 4 O 7 when the alumina component in the raw material is rich, and (Ca x Sr 1-x ) 12 Al when the CaO and SrO components are rich.
- individual solutions such as 14 O 33 and (Ca x Sr 1-x ) 3 Al 2 O 6 may be formed.
- the raw materials are prepared so as to obtain the target individual solution of the present invention, and produced by pulverization and blending as described above, the amount of these produced is small and the influence on the binder properties is small. It becomes.
- CaO in the raw material, Al 2 O 3 and the sum of SrO is preferably of high purity of more than 98 wt%.
- Impurities such as SiO 2 , TiO 2 , MgO, Fe 2 O 3 and the like contained in bauxite, strontian ore and celestite may cause a decrease in physical properties at high temperatures, and are preferably as small as possible.
- the particle size of the solid solution powder in the binder affects the hydration reaction and the curing rate
- the particle size is preferably adjusted to about 1 to 20 ⁇ m by a pulverizer after firing for solid solution production.
- This particle size is a result of measurement by a particle size analyzer such as a laser diffraction method, a laser scattering method, or a sedimentation balance method, and represents a 50% average diameter.
- the raw materials can be mixed using a mixer such as an Eirich mixer, a rotary drum, a cone blender, a V-type blender, an omni mixer, a nauter mixer, or a pan-type mixer.
- pulverizer industrial pulverizers such as a vibration mill, a tube mill, a ball mill, a roller mill, and a jet mill can be used.
- the binder containing 10% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less of the solid solution described in the first to third embodiments and containing 40% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less of Al 2 O 3 is described above.
- the ⁇ -alumina powder can be blended with various solid solutions obtained by the above method.
- the ⁇ -alumina powder is high-purity alumina containing 90% by mass or more of Al 2 O 3.
- alumina is produced by the Bayer method. In this method, bauxite is first washed at 250 ° C. with a hot solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). In this process, alumina is converted into aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH 3 )) and dissolved by a reaction as shown in the following chemical formula (1). Al 2 O 3 + 2OH ⁇ + 3H 2 O ⁇ 2 [Al (OH) 4 ] ⁇ (1)
- the fluidity of the binder depends on the specific surface area of ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 blended in the binder, those having a BET specific surface area of about 0.1 to 20 m 2 / g are preferable.
- ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 can be blended in advance in a finely divided state or mixed and ground with various solid solutions.
- the 50% average diameter be reduced to about 0.3 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the fine powder alumina which is said particle diameter can also be mix
- the purity of ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 is preferably 95% by mass or more, more preferably 99% by mass or more.
- This ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 is mixed and mixed with the hydraulic component uniformly by pre-mixing and mixing with the binder, and when this is mixed into the amorphous refractory, the hydraulic component is mixed more uniformly. It is possible to obtain a refractory structure excellent in strength development and corrosion resistance of the cured body.
- ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 when ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 is mixed and pulverized with a binder, it is more uniformly mixed in the binder composition, and when used for an amorphous refractory, the cured body structure is likely to be uniform, and corrosion resistance and the like. This is preferable because the performance tends to improve.
- the method for constructing the amorphous refractory according to the present invention as a refractory used for lining or repairing a kiln may be the same as a method for constructing a normal irregular refractory.
- an aggregate containing an ultrafine alumina having a particle size of 0.8 nm or more and 1 ⁇ m or less and the binder of the present invention are mixed and kneaded and then applied, it is further bonded due to a synergistic effect with the binder of the present invention. This improves the efficiency of construction, improves the work efficiency by developing good strength development in a short time, and improves the corrosion resistance against slag and molten iron, and the effect of extending the furnace life is more strongly demonstrated. preferable.
- the mixing ratio of the ultrafine alumina of 1 ⁇ m or less in the amorphous refractory is preferably 2 to 70% by mass (excluding moisture).
- CaCO 3 manufactured by Ube Materials
- SrCO 3 having a purity of 98% by mass
- high-purity ⁇ -alumina having a purity of 99% by mass
- Each raw material was weighed with a balance so as to have the chemical composition shown in the following tables, and mixed and ground in a mortar.
- the mixed and pulverized raw material is granulated by adding 15% by mass of water as an outer shell, and then put into an alumina container, and the maximum temperature in an electric furnace (furnace volume 130 L) in an air atmosphere Then, the heat treatment was performed while changing the holding time, and then the temperature was lowered to room temperature, allowed to cool in the air, and then pulverized by a batch type ball mill to obtain various solid solutions and binders shown in Test Examples.
- Bending strength after curing is based on JIS R2553 “Testing method for strength of castable refractories” after casting an irregular refractory sample into a 40 ⁇ 40 ⁇ 160mm mold and curing in a constant temperature room at 20 ° C. And measured. The curing time was 6 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours from the start of mixing the amorphous refractories.
- an amorphous refractory sample was cured in a constant temperature room at 20 ° C. to prepare a cured product of the refractory and used for a test piece for evaluating corrosion resistance against slag at high temperatures.
- the assembled refractory 1 was installed in a rotary furnace, and while the refractory 1 was rotated, the temperature was raised by combustion of the burner 3 from the inside of the rotary furnace.
- a combustion gas having a volume ratio of LPG1: oxygen 5 was used.
- symbol 4 is slag and the code
- symbol 5 is a filler.
- the amount of wear of each test piece was determined by measuring the remaining size (the thickness of the non-oxidized layer in the case of the decarburized layer thickness) at intervals of 20 mm and calculating the difference from the initial thickness (48 mm).
- the test temperature was 1600 ° C., 25 minutes was 1 charge, and 500 g was replaced with slag 4 for a total of 6 charges, 2 hours and 30 minutes.
- the slag 4 was replaced by a method in which the horizontal drum was tilted and discharged.
- the crystallite diameter of the solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 is 40 nm or more and 75 nm or less, or the crystallite diameter of the solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 is Examples relating to binders for amorphous refractories having a thickness of 35 nm to 70 nm In the inventive examples 1 to 8 and the reference examples 1 to 6, the components of the binder are all dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 so that the Ca component is dissolved.
- the binder consisting of a solid solution Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are amorphous refractories using Comparative Examples 1 to 3 that do not contain Sr, and Reference Examples 13 to 16 are those that do not contain a Ca component.
- Tables 1 to 3 show the raw material composition of the binder of each test example, the crystallite diameter of the solid solution, the firing conditions, the flow value and curing bending strength measurement result of the amorphous refractory, and the rotary erosion test result.
- Reference Examples 13, 14, and 16 using 10 and the binder component that does not contain the Ca component a large decrease in fluidity or solidification of the amorphous refractory occurs after 2 hours, resulting in a large-capacity kiln It was confirmed that it was difficult to apply to the above.
- increasing the amount of boric acid powder added as a retarder can maintain fluidity after 2 hours, but it is necessary to significantly increase the amount of cure retarder added.
- the crystallite diameter of the solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 is 40 nm or more and 75 nm or less, or the crystallite diameter of the solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 is
- a binder of 35 nm or more and 70 nm or less good workability is maintained even after a long time has passed since water injection and mixing, and good strength development properties can be obtained at an early stage. It became clear that an amorphous refractory with excellent slag properties can be obtained.
- Inventive Examples 17 to 21 have an X value of Ca x Sr 1-x Al 2 O 4 of 0.05.
- Inventive Examples 22 to 26 are amorphous refractories manufactured using a binder in which ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 is dissolved in a solid solution in which a Ca component is dissolved and ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 is mixed at a predetermined ratio.
- Comparative Examples 4 to 6 are binders for amorphous refractories manufactured using the agent.
- the flow value of the amorphous refractory suitable for pouring was obtained even after 2 hours from the start of kneading, and it was applied to a furnace having a large capacity. It was confirmed that it could be applied. Further, the bending strength after curing for 6, 12 and 24 hours was larger than that of Comparative Examples 1 to 6, and it was revealed that the curing strength was excellent. In particular, it was confirmed that the bending strength after curing for 6 hours was larger than that of the comparative example and excellent in early strength development. Furthermore, the amount of wear in the rotary erosion test using slag was clearly smaller than that of the comparative example, and it was revealed that the slag resistance at high temperatures was excellent.
- Example 3 As compared with the present invention Example 3 and 11 not containing Al 2 O 3, it is possible to further reduce the wear amount in the rotary corrosion test using slag, at an elevated temperature It became clear that the slag resistance was better.
- a solid solution having a crystallite diameter of 40 to 75 nm in solid solution of Ca component in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 , or a crystallite diameter of 35 nm in solid solution of Ca component in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 is 35 nm.
- Examples relating to binders for amorphous refractory having a solid solution crystallite size of 25 nm or more and 60 nm or less In Invention Examples 27 to 37 and Reference Examples 17 to 19, all the components of the binder are ⁇ -SrAl and a solid solution in 2 O 4 solid solution of Ca component, a raw material prepared as solid solution in which a solid solution of Sr components in CaAl 2 O 4 is obtained, calcination conditions such that the crystallite size is a value in the table
- all of the components of the binder are ⁇ -SrAl 2 O.
- the crystallite size is a solid solution prepared by adjusting the firing conditions such that the values in the table bond
- the refractory material produced using the agent was subjected to flow value measurement, curing bending strength measurement, and rotary erosion test using slag.
- a solid solution in which the Ca component was dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 and a solid solution in which the Ca component was dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 were produced under firing conditions that maintained a maximum temperature of 1500 ° C. for 2 hours.
- Tables 6 to 8 show the raw material composition, firing conditions, crystallite diameter of the solid solution, flow value of the amorphous refractory, measurement results of the curing bending strength, and rotational erosion test results of each test example.
- the Ca component was dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 and the solid solution having a crystallite diameter of 40 nm or more and 75 nm or less, or the Ca component was dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 and the crystallite diameter was Using a binder in which a solid solution having a crystallite diameter of 25 nm to 60 nm is mixed with CaAl 2 O 4 in a solid solution having a particle size of 35 nm to 70 nm, a long time has elapsed since water was poured and mixed. It has been clarified that good workability is maintained after this, good strength development is obtained at an early stage, and an amorphous refractory having superior slag resistance at a higher temperature than before can be obtained.
- Table 9 shows the solid solution composition, crystallite size, blending ratio of solid solution and ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , measurement results of the flow value and curing strength of the amorphous refractory, and rotational erosion test results of each test example.
- Each solid solution was prepared by firing at a maximum temperature of 1500 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the evaluation results are as shown in Table 9.
- the flow value of the unshaped refractory suitable for pouring was obtained even after 2 hours from the start of kneading, and it could be applied to a kiln having a large capacity. It was confirmed that it was possible. Further, the bending strength after curing for 6, 12 and 24 hours was larger than that of Comparative Examples 1 to 6, and it was revealed that the curing strength was excellent. In particular, it was confirmed that the bending strength after curing for 6 hours was larger than that of the comparative example and excellent in early strength development. Furthermore, the amount of wear in the rotary erosion test using slag was clearly smaller than that of the comparative example, and it was revealed that the slag resistance at high temperatures was excellent.
- a binder for an amorphous refractory comprising a solid solution of 70 nm or less and a solid solution having a crystallite diameter of 25 nm or more and 60 nm or less that dissolves the Sr component in CaAl 2 O 4 and is blended with Al 2 O 3.
- Examples relating to binders for amorphous refractories containing both solid solutions as a mixture Inventive Examples 59 to 94 have Ca x Sr 1-x Al 2 O 4 having X values of 0.05 and 0.
- the solid solution having a crystallite diameter of 40 nm to 75 nm and the Ca x Sr 1-x Al 2 O 4 having a crystallite diameter of ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 of 15 is 0.30 and 0.55.
- the flow value of the irregular refractory material suitable for pouring was obtained even after 2 hours from the start of the kneading, and it was applied to a furnace having a large capacity. It was confirmed that it could be applied. Further, the bending strength after curing for 6, 12 and 24 hours was larger than that of Comparative Examples 1 to 3, and it was revealed that the curing strength was excellent. In particular, it was confirmed that the bending strength after curing for 6 hours was larger than that of the comparative example and excellent in early strength development. Furthermore, the amount of wear in the rotary erosion test using slag was clearly smaller than that of the comparative example, and it was revealed that the slag resistance at high temperatures was excellent.
- the flow value and curing bending strength of the amorphous refractory manufactured in this way were measured, and the rotary erosion test using slag was performed.
- the solid solution composition of each test example, the crystallite diameter of the solid solution, the blending ratio of the solid solution and the binder with ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , the flow value of the amorphous refractory, the measurement results of the curing bending strength, and the rotary erosion test result are shown. 14 shows.
- Each solid solution was prepared by firing at a maximum temperature of 1500 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the flow value of the amorphous refractory suitable for pouring is obtained even after 2 hours from the start of kneading, and it can be applied to a furnace having a large capacity. It was confirmed that it was possible. Further, the bending strength after curing for 6, 12 and 24 hours was larger than that of Comparative Examples 1 to 6, and it was revealed that the curing strength was excellent. In particular, it was confirmed that the bending strength after curing for 6 hours was larger than that of the comparative example and excellent in early strength development. Furthermore, the amount of wear in the rotary erosion test using slag was clearly smaller than that of the comparative example, and it was revealed that the slag resistance at high temperatures was excellent.
- Example 66 not containing Al 2 O 3 it is possible to further reduce the wear amount in the rotary corrosion test using slag, resistance at a high temperature It became clear that slag property was more excellent.
- a solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 , a solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 , and a solid solution in which the Sr component is dissolved in CaAl 2 O 4 are blended.
- Examples relating to binders for amorphous refractories Examples 100 to 104 of the present invention are examples of Ca x Sr 1-x Al 2 O 4 Al 2 O 4 with ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 having a X value of 0.05 and Ca.
- a solid solution in which the components are dissolved a solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 in which the X value of Ca x Sr 1-x Al 2 O 4 is 0.30, and Ca x Sr 1-x flow value of monolithic refractory which the value of X in the al 2 O 4 was produced using the binder blended with the solid solution to a solid solution of Sr components in CaAl 2 O 4 as a 0.95, measurement of curing flexural strength, And a rotary erosion test using slag.
- Table 15 shows the solid solution composition, the crystallite size of the solid solution, the blending ratio of the solid solution, the flow value of the amorphous refractory and the curing bending strength, and the rotary erosion test result of each test example.
- Each solid solution was prepared by firing at a maximum temperature of 1500 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the flow value of the amorphous refractory suitable for pouring is obtained even after 2 hours from the start of kneading, and it can be applied to a furnace having a large capacity. It was confirmed that it was possible. Further, the bending strength after curing for 6, 12 and 24 hours was larger than that of Comparative Examples 1 to 6, and it was revealed that the curing strength was excellent. In particular, it was confirmed that the bending strength after curing for 6 hours was larger than that of the comparative example and excellent in early strength development. Furthermore, the amount of wear in the rotary erosion test using slag was clearly smaller than that of the comparative example, and it was revealed that the slag resistance at high temperatures was excellent.
- a solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 a solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 , a solid solution in which the Sr component is dissolved in CaAl 2 O 4 , and Al 2 O 3
- binders for amorphous refractories in which ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 in which Ca X Sr 1-x Al 2 O 4 has an X value of 0.05
- a solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved a solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 in which the X value of Ca x Sr 1-x Al 2 O 4 is 0.30, and Ca x Sr 1
- Table 16 shows the solid solution composition, the crystallite size of the solid solution, the blending ratio of the solid solution and ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , the flow value of the amorphous refractory and the curing bending strength, and the rotational erosion test result of each test example. .
- Each solid solution was prepared by firing at a maximum temperature of 1500 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the flow value of the amorphous refractory suitable for pouring is obtained even after 2 hours from the start of kneading, and it can be applied to a kiln having a large capacity. It was confirmed that it was possible. Further, the bending strength after curing for 6, 12 and 24 hours was larger than that of Comparative Examples 1 to 6, and it was revealed that the curing strength was excellent. In particular, it was confirmed that the bending strength after curing for 6 hours was larger than that of the comparative example and excellent in early strength development. Furthermore, the amount of wear in the rotary erosion test using slag was clearly smaller than that of the comparative example, and it was revealed that the slag resistance at high temperatures was excellent.
- the binder of the present invention contains one or more selected from the group of SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , MgO, BaO, and the content thereof is 12% by mass or less.
- Examples relating to refractory binders Examples 110 to 221 of the present invention are selected from SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , MgO and BaO in order to confirm the influence of inevitable impurities from the raw materials used and the production process. It is the characteristic evaluation result of the amorphous refractory using the binder which mix
- Inventive Examples 110 to 137 and Comparative Examples 7 to 14 are binders composed of a solid solution in which a Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 or ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 as a component of the present invention.
- 138 to 149 are binders in which Al 2 O 3 is blended in a solid solution in which the component of the binder is a solid solution of ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 or ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 with the Ca component, Examples 150 to 197 of the present invention.
- the binder component is a solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 , the solid solution in which the Ca component is dissolved in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 , and the Sr component in CaAl 2 O 4.
- Binders composed of two or three kinds of mixtures selected from solid solutions in which the solid solution is dissolved are solid solutions in which the component of the binder is a solid solution of Ca component in ⁇ -SrAl 2 O 4 , ⁇ - Dissolve the Ca component in SrAl 2 O 4
- a characteristic measurement result of the solid solution and CaAl 2 O 4 in monolithic refractory of the two or three mixtures selected from solid solution which forms a solid solution of Sr component Al 2 O 3 was used binder formed by blending.
- Tables 17 to 43 show the chemical composition and chemical composition of each of the inventive examples and comparative examples, the flow value of the amorphous refractory, the measurement results of the bending strength after curing, and the rotary erosion test results.
- Each solid solution was prepared by firing at a maximum temperature of 1500 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the chemical component of the produced binder was measured by a fluorescent X-ray analysis method (scanning fluorescent X-ray analyzer “ZSX Primus II” manufactured by Rigaku Corporation).
- the binders of the present invention include 1 of SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , MgO, and BaO other than SrO, CaO, and Al 2 O 3.
- the bending strength after curing is decreased, and the amount of wear in the rotational erosion test using slag is increased.
- one or two or more components of SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , MgO, BaO contained in the binder are 12% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less.
- the binder of the present invention contains one or more selected from the group of SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , MgO, BaO, and the content is within 12% by mass.
- the binder for amorphous refractory of the present invention uses a low-purity raw material containing SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , MgO, BaO as impurities, or each impurity from the manufacturing process. Even when such contamination occurs, by adjusting the content thereof within 12% by mass of the binder, it is possible to have characteristics superior to those of the conventional CaO—Al 2 O 3 binder.
- Examples relating to amorphous refractories in which at least one of a dispersing agent and a curing retarder is blended in the binder of the present invention are Ca x Sr 1-x Al 2 O 4
- Various solid solutions and ⁇ -Al 2 prepared by preparing raw materials so as to obtain solid solutions with X values of 0.05, 0.30, and 0.95, and firing at a maximum temperature of 1500 ° C. for 2 hours.
- Comparative Examples 31 to 36 the raw materials were prepared so that the components were CaAl 2 O 4 , and the binder and ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 prepared by firing with a maximum temperature of 1500 ° C. held for 2 hours were mixed at a predetermined ratio. The same test was performed using the binder mixed in (1). The amount of water added was reduced to 6.2% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the mixture of the binder and the refractory aggregate to produce an amorphous refractory.
- Solid solution composition of each test example crystallite diameter of solid solution, solid solution, CaAl 2 O 4 , ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , mixing ratio of dispersing agent and curing retarder, measurement result of flow value and curing bending strength, and rotational erosion
- the test results are shown in Tables 44 to 47.
- surface is shown by the ratio (mass ratio) with respect to a binder.
- dispersant a commercially available powdered polycarboxylic acid-based dispersant was used, and as the curing retarder, boric acid (reagent grade 1) was pulverized to 200 mesh or less.
- the raw materials were prepared so that solid solutions with Ca x Sr 1-x Al 2 O 4 having X values of 0.05, 0.30, and 0.95 were obtained, and the maximum temperature of 1500 ° C. was increased to 2
- Various solid solutions prepared by firing for holding for a period of time, and a binder in which 40% by mass of those mixed and 60% by mass of ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 were blended were used.
- the amount of the ultrafine powder alumina of 1 ⁇ m or less was increased or decreased, and the amount of fused alumina having a particle size of 75 ⁇ m to 5 mm was adjusted to produce an amorphous refractory so that the total mass of the alumina refractory aggregate was the same.
- Solid solution composition of each test example, solid solution crystallite diameter, various solid solutions, blending ratio of ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , amount of sintered alumina of 1 ⁇ m or less, amount of fused alumina of 75 ⁇ m to 5 mm, flow value of amorphous refractory Tables 48 to 52 show the measurement results of curing bending strength and the results of rotational erosion tests.
- the evaluation results show that the inventive examples 258 to 293 can obtain a flow value suitable for pouring even after 2 hours from the start of kneading, and can be applied to a kiln having a large capacity.
- the bending strength after 6, 12, and 24 hour curing was also obtained a favorable value, and it became clear that it was excellent in early strength development.
- the amount of wear in the rotary erosion test using slag is small and the slag resistance at high temperature is excellent.
- the binder for an irregular refractory according to the present invention contains a refractory aggregate containing ultrafine alumina having a particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less, and the content of ultrafine alumina having a particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less.
- a refractory aggregate containing ultrafine alumina having a particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less and the content of ultrafine alumina having a particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the content of the binder for the irregular refractory is 0.3 mass. % To 20% by mass, and more preferably 0.5% to 12% by mass.
- Examples relating to amorphous refractories to which at least one of a dispersing agent, a curing retarder, and a curing accelerator is added are examples of X of Ca x Sr 1-x Al 2 O 4
- a binder that does not contain Sr is used as a component of the binder, and at least one of a dispersing agent, a curing retarder, and a curing accelerator is blended in the same manner.
- a refractory was made and tested.
- the amount of water added was reduced to 6.2% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the binder / refractory aggregate mixture. went.
- the test was performed by adding 6.8% by mass of water as usual.
- the powder dispersant, cure retarder, and cure accelerator were mixed with a binder and refractory aggregate in an omni mixer.
- the liquid dispersant was adjusted such that the mass of the solid component contained was added, and the mass of the solvent part was subtracted from the amount of water to be added to a predetermined amount of water.
- the liquid dispersant was used by mixing with kneaded water.
- the dispersant A is a sodium polyacrylate reagent which is a polycarboxylic acid-based dispersant
- the dispersant B is a trade name “Tight Rock” manufactured by Kao Corporation which is a polyether-based dispersant
- Dispersant C is a phosphoric acid-based dispersant, sodium tripolyphosphate (first grade reagent)
- dispersant D is trioxysodium citrate dihydrate (first grade reagent).
- the product name “FT-3S” solid content 33 mass%) manufactured by Grace Chemical Co., which is a melamine-based dispersant, is used.
- 150 solid content 40% by mass
- sodium aluminate first grade reagent
- aluminate first grade reagent
- Tables 59 to 78 show the amounts, types and addition amounts of curing accelerators, measurement results of flow values and curing bending strength, and rotational erosion test results.
- surface, a hardening retarder, and a hardening accelerator is shown in the ratio with respect to the total mass of a binder and a fireproof aggregate.
- the bending strength after curing for 6, 12 and 24 hours was larger than those of Comparative Examples 31 to 39, 42 and 43, and it was revealed that the curing strength was excellent.
- the bending strength after curing for 6 hours was larger than that of the comparative example and excellent in early strength development.
- the amount of wear in the rotary erosion test using slag was clearly smaller than that of the comparative example, and it was revealed that the slag resistance at high temperatures was excellent.
- Inventive Examples 365 to 370, 418 to 423, 453, 454, 471, 472, 489, 490, 507 and 508 using only a curing accelerator are indefinite refractories suitable for pouring even after 2 hours from the start of kneading.
- the flow value of the product was obtained, and it was confirmed that it could be applied to a kiln having a large capacity.
- the bending strength after curing for 6, 12 and 24 hours was larger than that of Comparative Examples 40 and 41, and it was revealed that the curing strength was excellent.
- the bending strength after curing for 6 hours was larger than that of the comparative example and excellent in early strength development.
- the amount of wear in the rotary erosion test using slag was clearly smaller than that of the comparative example, and it was revealed that the slag resistance at high temperatures was excellent.
- the curing bending strength at 6 and 12 hours is increased as compared with the present invention example in which no curing accelerator is added, and it becomes clear that the addition of the curing accelerator is superior in early strength development. It was.
- the amount of wear in the rotational erosion test using slag was almost the same as when no additive was included, and it was revealed that the slag resistance was excellent at high temperatures.
- the curing bending strength at 6 and 12 hours is increased compared to the present invention example in which at least one of a dispersant and a curing retardant is added and no curing accelerator is added, and the early strength development is superior. Became clear. In addition, the amount of wear in the rotary erosion test using slag was almost the same, and it was revealed that the slag resistance was excellent at high temperatures.
- the binder for an amorphous refractory according to the present invention can provide fluidity suitable for pouring even when time has elapsed since kneading, and can exhibit early strength development than the comparative example. Excellent and has good construction performance. Moreover, the slag resistance at 1600 ° C. is better than that of the comparative example, and it has been clarified that the durability at a portion in contact with molten iron or slag is improved.
- a binder for an amorphous refractory which is superior in corrosion resistance to slag and molten iron, and has an early onset of hardening strength and stability, compared to conventional binders such as alumina cement,
- the used amorphous refractory and the construction method of the amorphous refractory can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2010年04月28日に、日本に出願された特願2010-104559号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
(1)α-SrAl2O4又はβ-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶した固溶体を含有し、この固溶体の結晶子径が、前記α-SrAl2O4が固溶している場合は40nm以上75nm以下であり、前記β-SrAl2O4が固溶している場合は35nm以上70nm以下である、不定形耐火物用結合剤。
(2)前記α-SrAl2O4又は前記β-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体を10質量%以上60質量%以下含有し、かつAl2O3が40質量%以上90質量%以下配合されている、上記(1)に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
(3)更に、CaAl2O4にSr成分を固溶する固溶体が混合物として含有され、この固溶体の結晶子径が25nm以上60nm以下である、上記(1)に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
(4)前記α-SrAl2O4又は前記β-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体と前記CaAl2O4にSr成分を固溶する固溶体とを10質量%以上60質量%以下含有し、かつAl2O3が40質量%以上90質量%以下配合されている、上記(3)に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
(5)前記α-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体と、前記β-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体との両方が混合物として含有されている、上記(1)に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
(6)前記α-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体と前記β-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体との両方を合計で10質量%以上60質量%以下含有し、かつAl2O3が40質量%以上90質量%以下配合されている、上記(5)に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
(7)更に、前記CaAl2O4にSr成分を固溶する固溶体が混合物として含有されている、上記(5)に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
(8)前記α-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体と、前記β-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体と、前記CaAl2O4にSr成分を固溶する固溶体とを合計で10質量%以上60質量%以下含有し、かつAl2O3が40質量%以上90質量%以下配合されている、上記(7)に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
(9)前記不定形耐火物用結合剤中に、SiO2,TiO2,Fe2O3,MgO及びBaOの群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上を含み、その含有量が12質量%以内である、上記(1)に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
(10)前記不定形耐火物用結合剤中に、分散剤及び硬化遅延剤の少なくとも一方が配合されている、上記(1)に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
(11)上記(1)~(10)のいずれか1項に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤を、耐火骨材に配合してなる、不定形耐火物。
(12)前記耐火骨材に、粒径0.8nm以上1μm以下の超微粉アルミナが含まれている、上記(11)に記載の不定形耐火物。
(13)前記不定形耐火物用結合剤及び前記耐火骨材の合計量を100質量%とした場合に、前記不定形耐火物用結合剤の含有量が、0.3質量%以上かつ20質量%以下である、上記(11)に記載の不定形耐火物。
(14)前記不定形耐火物用結合剤及び前記耐火骨材の合計量を100質量%とした場合に、前記不定形耐火物用結合剤の含有量が、0.5質量%以上かつ12質量%以下である、上記(13)に記載の不定形耐火物。
(15)更に、分散剤、硬化遅延剤及び硬化促進剤のうちの少なくとも一つが添加されている、上記(11)に記載の不定形耐火物。
(16)前記分散剤が、ポリカルボン酸系分散剤、リン酸系分散剤、オキシカルボン酸類、メラミン系分散剤、ナフタレン系分散剤、及びリグニンスルホン酸系分散剤からなる群より選ばれる1種又は2種以上であり、前記硬化促進剤が、アルカリ金属塩類及びアルミン酸塩の少なくとも一方であり、前記硬化遅延剤が、ホウ酸類及びケイフッ化物の少なくとも一方である、上記(15)に記載の不定形耐火物。
(17)上記(1)~(10)のいずれか1項に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤を、粒径1μm以下の超微粉アルミナを含む耐火骨材に配合して混練した後、得られた不定形耐火物を施工する工程を含む、不定形耐火物の施工方法。
また、SiO2,TiO2,Fe2O3,MgO,BaOの含有量が12質量%以下であると、不定形耐火物の養生後強度が上昇する場合がある。この原因は、これらの成分を含む鉱物が非晶質を生成し、水と反応した場合にイオンの溶出を容易にするためと推測される。強度上昇は5質量%以下で大きく、12質量%まで現れる。しかし12質量%を超える場合では、これらの成分を含む鉱物が水への溶解性が乏しい結晶相を生成するためか、逆に強度が低下する場合がある。また、不純物として融点の低下を引き起こすためか、高温での耐食性も低下する場合がある。
Al2O3+2OH-+3H2O → 2[Al(OH)4]-・・・(1)
2Al(OH)3→Al2O3+3H2O・・・(2)
本発明例1~8及び参考例1~6は、結合剤の成分がすべてα-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶するように原料調合をし、その結晶子径が表中の値となるように焼成条件を調整して作製した固溶体からなる結合剤を用いて製造した不定形耐火物を、本発明例9~16及び参考例7~12は、結合剤の成分がすべてβ-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶するように原料調合をし、その結晶子径が表中の値となるように焼成条件を調整して作製した固溶体からなる結合剤を用いて製造した不定形耐火物を、比較例1~3は結合剤の成分にSrを含有しないものを、参考例13~16は結合剤の成分にCa成分を含まないものをそれぞれ用いた不定形耐火物の、フロー値、養生曲げ強度の測定、およびスラグを用いた回転侵食試験を行ったものである。各試験例の結合剤の原料配合、固溶体の結晶子径、焼成条件、不定形耐火物のフロー値と養生曲げ強度の測定結果、および回転侵食試験結果を表1~3に示す。
本発明例17~21は、CaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.05となるα-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体とα-Al2O3を所定の割合で混合した結合剤を用いて製造した不定形耐火物を、本発明例22~26は、CaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.30となるβ-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体とα-Al2O3を所定の割合で混合した結合剤を用いて製造した不定形耐火物を、比較例4~6は結合剤の成分がCaAl2O4になるよう原料を調合し作製した結合剤とα-Al2O3を所定の割合で混合した結合剤を用いて製造した不定形耐火物について、フロー値、養生曲げ強度の測定、およびスラグを用いた回転侵食試験を行ったものである。各試験例の固溶体組成、固溶体の結晶子径、固溶体及びCaAl2O4とα-Al2O3の配合割合、不定形耐火物のフロー値と養生曲げ強度の測定結果、および回転侵食試験結果を表4,5に示す。尚、何れの固溶体及び結合剤も1500℃の最大温度を2時間保持する焼成を施し作製を行った。
本発明例27~37及び参考例17~19は、結合剤の成分の全てがα-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶した固溶体と、CaAl2O4にSr成分を固溶した固溶体が得られるように原料調合をし、その結晶子径が表中の値となるように焼成条件を調整して作製した固溶体からなる結合剤を用いて製造した不定形耐火物について、また、本発明例38~48及び参考例20~22は、結合剤の成分の全てがβ-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶した固溶体とCaAl2O4にSr成分を固溶した固溶体が得られるように原料調合をし、その結晶子径が表中の値となるように焼成条件を調整して作製した固溶体からなる結合剤を用いて製造した不定形耐火物の、フロー値、養生曲げ強度の測定、およびスラグを用いた回転侵食試験を行ったものである。尚、α-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶した固溶体及びβ-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶した固溶体は、最高温度1500℃を2時間保持する焼成条件で作製を行った。各試験例の原料配合、焼成条件、固溶体の結晶子径、不定形耐火物のフロー値と養生曲げ強度の測定結果、および回転侵食試験結果を表6~8に示す。
本発明例49~53は、CaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.05となるα-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体と、CaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.95となるCaAl2O4にSr成分を固溶する固溶体とα-Al2O3を所定の割合で混合した結合剤を用いて製造した不定形耐火物を、本発明例54~58は、CaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.30となるβ-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体とCaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.95となるCaAl2O4にSr成分を固溶する固溶体とα-Al2O3を所定の割合で混合した結合剤を用いて製造した不定形耐火物について、フロー値、養生強度の測定、およびスラグを用いた回転侵食試験を行ったものである。各試験例の固溶体組成、結晶子径、固溶体とα-Al2O3の配合割合、不定形耐火物のフロー値と養生強度の測定結果、および回転侵食試験結果を表9に示す。尚、何れの固溶体も1500℃の最大温度を2時間保持する焼成を施し作製を行った。
本発明例59~94は、CaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.05及び0.15となるα-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する結晶子径が40nm以上75nm以下である固溶体とCaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.30及び0.55となるβ-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する結晶子径が35nm以上70nm以下である固溶体の両方を含有する結合剤を用いて製造した不定形耐火物のフロー値、養生曲げ強度の測定、およびスラグを用いた回転侵食試験を行ったものである。各試験例の固溶体組成、固溶体の結晶子径、焼成条件、固溶体の配合割合、不定形耐火物のフロー値と養生曲げ強度の測定結果、および回転侵食試験結果を表10~13に示す。各固溶体は結晶子径の値が表中の値となるように焼成条件を調整して作製した。
本発明例95~99は、CaxSr1-xAl2O4のxの値が0.05となるα-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体と、CaxSr1-xAl2O4のxの値が0.30となるβ-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体及びα-Al2O3を所定の割合で混合した結合剤を用いて製造した不定形耐火物のフロー値、養生曲げ強度の測定、およびスラグを用いた回転侵食試験を行ったものである。各試験例の固溶体組成、固溶体の結晶子径、固溶体及び結合剤とα-Al2O3の配合割合、不定形耐火物のフロー値と養生曲げ強度の測定結果、および回転侵食試験結果を表14に示す。尚、何れの固溶体も1500℃の最大温度を2時間保持する焼成を施し作製を行った。
本発明例100~104は、CaxSr1-xAl2O4Al2O4のXの値が0.05となるα-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体と、CaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.30となるβ-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体と、CaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.95となるCaAl2O4にSr成分を固溶する固溶体を配合した結合剤を用いて製造した不定形耐火物のフロー値、養生曲げ強度の測定、およびスラグを用いた回転侵食試験を行ったものである。各試験例の固溶体組成、固溶体の結晶子径、固溶体の配合割合、不定形耐火物のフロー値と養生曲げ強度の測定結果、および回転侵食試験結果を表15に示す。尚、何れの固溶体も1500℃の最大温度を2時間保持する焼成を施し作製を行った。
本発明例105~109は、CaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.05となるα-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体と、CaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.30となるβ-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体と、CaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.95となるCaAl2O4にSr成分を固溶する固溶体及びα-Al2O3を配合した結合剤を用いて製造した不定形耐火物のフロー値、養生曲げ強度の測定、およびスラグを用いた回転侵食試験を行ったものである。各試験例の固溶体組成、固溶体の結晶子径、固溶体とα-Al2O3の配合割合、不定形耐火物のフロー値と養生曲げ強度の測定結果、および回転侵食試験結果を表16に示す。尚、何れの固溶体も1500℃の最大温度を2時間保持する焼成を施し作製を行った。
本発明例110~221は、使用する原料及び製造工程からの不可避的不純物の影響を確認する為、SiO2,TiO2,Fe2O3,MgO,BaOから選ばれる1種又は2種以上の各種コンタミネーション成分を調合して製造した固溶体を配合した結合剤を用いた不定形耐火物の特性評価結果である。また、比較例7~30は各種コンタミネーション成分量が本発明の範囲を外れる場合の特性評価結果である。
尚、本発明例110~137及び比較例7~14は、結合剤の成分がα-SrAl2O4又はβ-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体からなる結合剤、本発明例138~149は、結合剤の成分がα-SrAl2O4又はβ-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体にAl2O3が配合されてなる結合剤、本発明例150~197及び比較例15~30は、結合剤の成分がα-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体、β-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体及びCaAl2O4にSr成分を固溶する固溶体から選ばれる2種又は3種の混合物からなる結合剤、本発明例198~221は、結合剤の成分がα-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体、β-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体及びCaAl2O4にSr成分を固溶する固溶体から選ばれる2種又は3種の混合物にAl2O3が配合されてなる結合剤を用いた不定形耐火物の特性測定結果である。
各本発明例及び比較例の化学組成及び化学成分、不定形耐火物のフロー値と養生後曲げ強度の測定結果、及び回転侵食試験結果を表17~43に示す。尚、何れの固溶体も1500℃の最大温度を2時間保持する焼成を施し作製を行った。また、作製した結合剤の化学成分は蛍光エックス線分析法(リガク社製走査型蛍光X線分析装置「ZSX PrimusII」)により測定を行った。
本発明例222~257は、CaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.05、0.30及び0.95となる固溶体が得られるように原料調合をし、1500℃の最大温度を2時間保持する焼成を施し作製した各種固溶体とα-Al2O3を所定の割合で混合した結合剤に、分散剤及び硬化遅延剤のいずれか1種及び2種を配合したものを用いて製造した不定形耐火物のフロー値、養生曲げ強度の測定、およびスラグを用いた回転侵食試験を行ったものである。また、比較例31~36は成分がCaAl2O4になるよう原料を調合し、1500℃の最大温度を2時間保持する焼成を施し作製した結合剤とα-Al2O3を所定の割合で混合した結合剤を用いて同様の試験を行ったものである。尚、加える水の量を結合剤と耐火骨材の混合物100質量%に対して6.2質量%と減じて不定形耐火物を作製した。各試験例の固溶体組成、固溶体の結晶子径、固溶体、CaAl2O4、α-Al2O3、分散剤と硬化遅延剤の配合割合、フロー値と養生曲げ強度の測定結果、および回転侵食試験結果を表44~47に示す。尚、表中の分散剤及び硬化遅延剤の配合量は、結合剤に対する割合(質量比)で示す。
本発明例258~293及び参考例23~34は不定形耐火物中の1μm以下の超微粉アルミナ量を0~80質量%に変更した骨材と本発明の結合剤を用いて製造した不定形耐火物について、同様の試験を行ったものである。何れの試験もCaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.05、0.30及び0.95となる固溶体が得られるように原料調合をし、1500℃の最大温度を2時間保持する焼成を施し作製した各種固溶体及びそれらを混合したもの40質量%とα-Al2O360質量%が配合されている結合剤を用いた。1μm以下の超微粉アルミナ量が増減した分は粒度が75μm~5mmの電融アルミナ量を調整し、アルミナ耐火骨材の合計の質量が同じになるように不定形耐火物を作製した。尚、結合剤、マグネシア、シリカフラワー、ビニロン繊維の配合割合及び添加水量は変更させない。各試験例の固溶体組成、固溶体の結晶子径、各種固溶体、α-Al2O3の配合割合、1μm以下の焼結アルミナ量、75μm~5mmの電融アルミナ量、不定形耐火物のフロー値と養生曲げ強度の測定結果、および回転侵食試験結果を表48~52に示す。
本発明例294~337及び参考例35~44は、結合剤と耐火骨材の合計を100質量%とした場合の結合剤の量を変化させて、本発明の結合剤を用いて製造した不定形耐火物について、同様の試験を行ったものである。何れの試験もCaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.05、0.30及び0.95となる固溶体が得られるように原料調合をし、1500℃の最大温度を2時間保持する焼成を施し作製した各種固溶体及びそれらを混合したもの40質量%とα-Al2O360質量%が配合されている結合剤を用いた。各試験例の固溶体組成、固溶体の結晶子径、固溶体及びα-Al2O3の配合割合、結合剤の添加量、不定形耐火物のフロー値と養生曲げ強度の測定結果、および回転侵食試験結果を表53~58に示す。
本発明例338~515は、CaxSr1-xAl2O4のXの値が0.05、0.30及び0.95となる固溶体が得られるように原料調合をし、1500℃の最大温度を2時間保持する焼成を施し作製した各種固溶体及びそれらを混合したもの40質量%とα-Al2O360質量%が配合されている結合剤を用いて、各種分散剤、硬化遅延剤及び硬化促進剤のうちの少なくともいずれか1種を外割で所定量配合して不定形耐火物を作製し試験を行ったものである。また、比較例31~47は結合剤の成分にSrを含有しない結合剤を用いて、分散剤、硬化遅延剤及び硬化促進剤のうちの少なくともいずれか1種を同様に配合して、不定形耐火物を作製し試験を行ったものである。尚、分散剤、硬化遅延剤、分散剤及び硬化遅延剤を配合した場合は、加える水の量を結合剤と耐火骨材の混合物100質量%に対して6.2質量%と減じて試験を行った。また、硬化促進剤のみを配合した場合は、通常通り6.8質量%の水を加えて試験を行った。粉体の分散剤、硬化遅延剤及び硬化促進剤は、結合剤、耐火骨材と共にオムニミキサーで混合して使用した。液体の分散剤は、含まれる固形成分の質量を添加量とし、溶媒部の質量分を加える水量から減じて所定の水量になるよう調整を行った。また、液体分散剤は混練水と混合して使用した。
2 保護板
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Claims (17)
- α-SrAl2O4又はβ-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶した固溶体を含有し、この固溶体の結晶子径が、前記α-SrAl2O4が固溶している場合は40nm以上75nm以下であり、前記β-SrAl2O4が固溶している場合は35nm以上70nm以下であることを特徴とする、不定形耐火物用結合剤。
- 前記α-SrAl2O4又は前記β-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体を10質量%以上60質量%以下含有し、かつAl2O3が40質量%以上90質量%以下配合されていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
- 更に、CaAl2O4にSr成分を固溶する固溶体が混合物として含有され、この固溶体の結晶子径が25nm以上60nm以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
- 前記α-SrAl2O4又は前記β-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体と前記CaAl2O4にSr成分を固溶する固溶体とを10質量%以上60質量%以下含有し、かつAl2O3が40質量%以上90質量%以下配合されていることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
- 前記α-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体と、前記β-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体との両方が混合物として含有されていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
- 前記α-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体と前記β-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体との両方を合計で10質量%以上60質量%以下含有し、かつAl2O3が40質量%以上90質量%以下配合されていることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
- 更に、前記CaAl2O4にSr成分を固溶する固溶体が混合物として含有されていることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
- 前記α-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体と、前記β-SrAl2O4にCa成分を固溶する固溶体と、前記CaAl2O4にSr成分を固溶する固溶体とを合計で10質量%以上60質量%以下含有し、かつAl2O3が40質量%以上90質量%以下配合されていることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
- 前記不定形耐火物用結合剤中に、SiO2,TiO2,Fe2O3,MgO,BaOの群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上を含み、その含有量が12質量%以内であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
- 前記不定形耐火物用結合剤中に、分散剤及び硬化遅延剤の少なくとも一方が配合されていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤を、耐火骨材に配合してなることを特徴とする、不定形耐火物。
- 前記耐火骨材には、粒径0.8nm以上1μm以下の超微粉アルミナが含まれていることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の不定形耐火物。
- 前記不定形耐火物用結合剤及び前記耐火骨材の合計量を100質量%とした場合に、前記不定形耐火物用結合剤の含有量が、0.3質量%以上かつ20質量%以下であることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の不定形耐火物。
- 前記不定形耐火物用結合剤及び前記耐火骨材の合計量を100質量%とした場合に、前記不定形耐火物用結合剤の含有量が、0.5質量%以上かつ12質量%以下であることを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の不定形耐火物。
- 更に、分散剤、硬化遅延剤及び硬化促進剤のうちの少なくとも一つが添加されていることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の不定形耐火物。
- 前記分散剤が、ポリカルボン酸系分散剤、リン酸系分散剤、オキシカルボン酸類、メラミン系分散剤、ナフタレン系分散剤、及びリグニンスルホン酸系分散剤からなる群より選ばれる1種又は2種以上であり、
前記硬化促進剤が、アルカリ金属塩類及びアルミン酸塩の少なくとも一方であり、
前記硬化遅延剤が、ホウ酸類及びケイフッ化物の少なくとも一方であることを特徴とする、請求項15に記載の不定形耐火物。 - 請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の不定形耐火物用結合剤を、粒径1μm以下の超微粉アルミナを含む耐火骨材に配合して混練した後、得られた不定形耐火物を施工する工程を含むことを特徴とする、不定形耐火物の施工方法。
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JP6725115B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-25 | 2020-07-15 | 昭和電工株式会社 | アルミナ焼結体、砥粒、及び砥石 |
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CN113443922A (zh) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-28 | 安徽奇明新材料有限公司 | 一种改善施工性能的耐火浇注料结合剂及其应用 |
CN113636851A (zh) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-11-12 | 长兴兴鹰新型耐火建材有限公司 | 一种刚玉莫来石凝胶复合耐磨浇注料,及其烘烤定形方法 |
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US8835338B2 (en) | 2014-09-16 |
CN102958867B (zh) | 2015-10-21 |
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