WO2011127742A1 - 一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉及其使用方法 - Google Patents

一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉及其使用方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011127742A1
WO2011127742A1 PCT/CN2011/000362 CN2011000362W WO2011127742A1 WO 2011127742 A1 WO2011127742 A1 WO 2011127742A1 CN 2011000362 W CN2011000362 W CN 2011000362W WO 2011127742 A1 WO2011127742 A1 WO 2011127742A1
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Prior art keywords
section
gas
coal
passage
furnace
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PCT/CN2011/000362
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐钦
汪从军
Original Assignee
贵州桑立洁净能源科技开发有限公司
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Priority to EA201270757A priority Critical patent/EA022011B1/ru
Priority to US13/640,696 priority patent/US20130062185A1/en
Priority to KR1020127029611A priority patent/KR20130076815A/ko
Priority to AU2011240700A priority patent/AU2011240700A1/en
Publication of WO2011127742A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011127742A1/zh
Priority to ZA2012/08504A priority patent/ZA201208504B/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/28—Other processes
    • C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
    • C10B47/46—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with trucks, containers, or trays
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B5/00—Coke ovens with horizontal chambers
    • C10B5/08—Coke ovens with horizontal chambers with horizontal and vertical heating flues
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B5/00—Coke ovens with horizontal chambers
    • C10B5/10—Coke ovens with horizontal chambers with heat-exchange devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/08—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form in the form of briquettes, lumps and the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B7/00—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven
    • C10B7/14—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven with trucks, containers, or trays
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of coal processing conversion and coking equipment, and particularly relates to a movable sliding bed, capable of continuous mechanized operation, a production type coke and a tamping coke, which can recover chemical products and waste heat.
  • China's existing coking technology mainly uses a conventional coke oven with chemical product recovery, top loading or tamping side loading. Its defects are strong dependence on coking coal, high raw material cost, and uneven coke size. The problem is that there is no tissue escape in the small gas and the operation of the waste gas. Some heat recovery coke ovens that do not recycle chemical products are used, but the heat recovery coke ovens have long coking time and cannot accurately regulate the production temperature and speed. Even the coke in the same carbonization chamber is difficult to achieve the same maturity. .
  • a tunnel type fully enclosed coalification furnace Although the furnace body is said to divide the whole furnace body into a drying section, a thousand distillation section and an air cooling section, in fact, the furnace body is simply divided according to the temperature and the state of the coal material, and the drying section temperature is only dependent on the dry distillation section. The temperature difference is naturally transmitted, and the drying speed is slow to affect the output; the air cooling section is depleted by the red coke gas, and the temperature is naturally lowered, and there is no accurate distinction on the furnace body.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a reasonable structure, wide selection of raw materials, good product quality, high yield, convenient maintenance and repair, high heat utilization rate, and can recover gas and the deficiencies of the above coke ovens and equipment.
  • Chemical products can also use waste heat to generate electricity, clean and environmentally friendly coke ovens and their methods of use.
  • a mobile sliding bed tunnel type coke oven is set up as a coal preparation preparation room, a preheating section, a carbonization section, a dry quenching section and a coke preparation preparation chamber.
  • the coal preparation preparation room comprises a sealed door through the sealing door, the two sealing walls, and the front sealing door of the furnace body and the roof and the floor, and a control valve connected with the bottom flue of the preheating section is buried under the floor of the room.
  • the controlled displacement air inlet passage, the top plate has a displacement air overflow passage communicating with the main flue and is equipped with a control valve for utilizing the anaerobic flue gas after the bottom flue combustion after moving the slide into the coal preparation preparation chamber (or use Nitrogen from the nitrogen production mechanism replaces the air in the coal preparation chamber and opens the coke oven body in a state where the coal preparation chamber is kept in a closed state.
  • the sealing door moves the moving bed to the preheating section of the coke oven to ensure that the moving sliding bed is moved. There is no soot overflow during the coal charging process, and the air atmosphere required for the recovery of the gas chemical products in the preheating section is provided.
  • the coal preparation preparation chamber and the preheating section are separated by a front sealing door of the furnace body.
  • the furnace wall on both sides of the preheating section does not have a flame guiding port, and the bottom of the preheating section has a bottom passage and communicates with the bottom flue, and the bottom passage of the preheating section is provided with a temperature regulating port and the inside of the furnace wall on both sides of the preheating section.
  • the set waste hot air rising passage is connected and has gate control.
  • the waste hot air rising passage communicates with the main flue through the split flue, and the main flue communicates with the external chimney.
  • the gas collecting branch pipe and the gas collecting gas main pipe are connected at the top of the preheating section of the furnace body, and the gas collecting main pipe and the chemical recovery gas purifying system are connected.
  • the top portion of the furnace body is provided with a zirconium-containing fiberboard separating the upper space of the coal material as a flame barrier to separate the preheating section, the carbonization section, and the upper space of the dry quenching section.
  • the top of the dry quenching section furnace wall is provided with a top heat exchange box, a preheating air chamber between the inner wall and the outer wall of the furnace walls on both sides, and a heat exchange passage communicating with the top heat exchange box and the bottom passage of the section There is a regulating ram.
  • the top heat exchange box of the dry quenching section has a cold air duct, and the bottom passage has a cold air duct and a centrifugal fan.
  • the rear part of the dry quenching section is the rear sealing door of the furnace body.
  • the CDQ segment is disposed behind the carbonization section or is disposed outside the coke preparation chamber to be a dry quenching chamber that is used independently for each moving slide bed, and a gas inlet passage is provided at the bottom and a gas overflow passage is provided at the top, in the dry Add a low moisture quenching chamber to the side of the quenching chamber for use.
  • the replacement gas used in the coal preparation preparation room, the coke preparation chamber, and the dry quenching chamber uses the oxygen-free flue gas after the bottom flue combustion or the nitrogen gas obtained by the nitrogen production mechanism.
  • the moving sliding bed for loading briquette or tamping coal is made of heat-resistant metal material cast iron plate or heat-resistant steel plate or non-metal refractory high-alumina cordierite plate or mullite cordierite plate, in moving sliding bed and bottom
  • a slide slide is provided on the upper part of the bottom passage between the passages, and the slide slide is made of high-density wear-resistant high-temperature material silica brick, high alumina brick, aluminum phosphate brick, phosphate brick, corundum brick, polycrystalline silicon carbide or polycrystalline Silicon nitride laying.
  • the moving sliding bed slides directly on the slide slide or chooses to lay a rolling circular refractory ball or cylindrical refractory roller in the slide slide or use a high temperature resistant bearing or a heat resistant steel strip as a slide slider
  • the horizontal setting of the furnace bed slide is set or the front section of the furnace is higher than the rear section to form the slope.
  • coal material is tamped or pressure-molded and then loaded on a moving sliding furnace into a furnace, the coal material is allowed to stand on the moving slidable bed, using a pressure forming equipment to operate the coal material to a bulk density of 1.40t / m 3 or more (top loading coal 0. 7 ⁇ 0. 75t/ m 3 , tamping can reach 0. 95 ⁇ 1.
  • the gap between the coal particles can be reduced, which can be reduced
  • the amount of colloidal liquid phase product required to fill the void during coking can combine the dispersed coal particles (deformed particles) with less colloidal liquid phase products, and at the same time, during the coking process
  • the gas phase product is not easy to be precipitated due to the decrease of inter-coal voids, which increases the expansion pressure of the colloidal body, and the deformed coal particles are squeezed tightly, further strengthening the coal-particle combination and facilitating the free radicals generated by pyrolysis.
  • the saturated compounds condense with each other to produce a non-volatile liquid phase product of appropriate molecular weight and chemical stability.
  • the present invention can realize coking power generation and production and recycle gas of chemical products in a clean and energy-saving manner, and has the following advantages -
  • the heating temperature and heating speed can be accurately controlled, the heating temperature rise curve is consistent with the coal material coke requirements, the coking time is short, and the heat energy utilization rate is high.
  • the production process is highly mechanized.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a moving trampoline tunnel type coke oven
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view (A-A cross-sectional view) of a preheating section of a moving slide tunnel type coke oven;
  • FIG 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a carbonized section of a moving slide tunnel type coke oven (B-B sectional view);
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view (C-C cross-sectional view) of a dry quenching section of a moving trampoline tunnel type coke oven. [0030] FIG.
  • a mobile sliding bed tunnel type coke oven comprises a furnace roof 33, a furnace roof insulation layer 34, a ceiling beam 39, two side furnace walls and a furnace bottom composed of a furnace foundation 1 and a furnace bottom insulation layer 2.
  • the furnace body 48 and the coke oven body front sealing door 7, the coke oven body rear sealing door 25, the branch flue 10, the bottom flue 12 and the main flue 6, the tunnel type coke oven is arranged into the coal preparation chamber 3
  • the preheating section 50, the carbonization section 51, the dry quenching section 52 and the out-out coking preparation chamber 23 are five parts, and the structural parts of the respective sections are arranged in series and connected to each other.
  • dry quenching section 52 is provided with a top quenching section top heat exchange box 21 at the top of the furnace wall, and a preheating air chamber 22 between the inner wall and the outer wall of the two side furnace walls
  • the preheating air chamber heat exchange passage 49 communicating with the top heat exchange tank 21 and the dry quenching section bottom passage 47 is provided with adjusting shutters 31 and 32, and the top heat exchange box 21 of the dry quenching section has a cold quenching at the top heat exchange box of the dry quenching section
  • the tube 41 and the dry quenching section bottom passage 47 have a dry quenching section bottom passage cold air duct 42 and a centrifugal fan 43.
  • the preheating air chamber 22 has a hot air passage 19 extending from the inside of the furnace wall to the inner wall and the outer wall of the carbonization section furnace wall. .
  • the outlet of the hot air passage 19 is connected with a pipe having an upper portion of the carbonization section of the carbonization section of the carbonization section, and an aeration inlet of the carbonization section.
  • Inside the wall there are a plurality of independent gas descending passages 40 controlled by a gas descending passage regulating gate 16 , and an upper portion of the inner wall of the gas descending passage 40 has a flame guiding port 45 disposed in communication with the upper portion of the carbonized section, and the outer wall of the furnace wall is provided with a guide
  • the opening and closing observation port 18 corresponding to the flame mouth 45, the lower portion of the gas descending passage 40 communicates with the corresponding carbonization section bottom passage 38 of the carbonization section 51, and is provided with a carbonization section bottom passage natural air distribution port 15 for emergency use during power failure, carbonization
  • the upper part of the inner wall of the section is provided with a natural gas distribution port 27 of the carbonization section which is not connected with the gas descending passage 40 and which is not connected with the gas descending passage 40 for
  • the preheating section bottom passage 46 is provided with a preheating section bottom passage temperature adjusting port 30 and is connected with the preheating section waste hot air rising passage 11 provided inside the furnace wall on both sides of the preheating section 50 and is controlled by the shutter 29, Hot section waste hot air rising channel 11 pass
  • the excessive flue 10 communicates with the main flue 6, the main flue 6 communicates with the external chimney, and the furnace walls on both sides of the preheating section and the dry quenching section do not have a flame guiding port.
  • the moving sliding bed 37 of the loading coal or tamping coal material 44 of the present invention is made of a heat-resistant metal material cast iron plate or a heat-resistant steel plate; a non-metal refractory high-aluminum cordierite plate or a mullite cordierite plate, which is moved.
  • the upper part of the bottom channel 38, 46, 47 between the sliding bed 37 and the bottom channel 38, 46, 47 is provided with a slide slide 35, and the slide slide 35 is made of high-density wear-resistant high-temperature material silicon brick, high alumina brick, phosphoric acid Aluminum brick, phosphate brick, corundum brick, polycrystalline silicon carbide or polycrystalline silicon nitride.
  • the moving sliding bed 37 of the present invention slides directly on the slide slide 35 or selects a rolling circular refractory ball 36 or a cylindrical refractory roller or a high temperature resistant bearing or a resistant bearing in the slide slide 35
  • the manner in which the hot steel strip acts as a slide rail reduces the resistance of the moving slide 37 to move over the slide slide 35.
  • the furnace body slide chute 35 of the present invention is selected to be horizontally set or the front section of the furnace body is raised above the rear section to form a slope.
  • the coal preparation preparation room sealing door 4 of the present invention has a coal filling preparation chamber 3 composed of two sealing walls, a coal preparation preparation room sealing door 4, a furnace front sealing door 7 and a top plate and a floor, and the floor of the room
  • a replacement air inlet passage connected to the preheating section bottom flue 12 and having control enthalpy control, a displacement air overflow passage 5 communicating with the top flue on the top plate, and a control raft 54 are provided, which are moved in the moving sliding bed 37.
  • the air of the coal preparation preparation chamber 3 is replaced by the anaerobic flue gas (or nitrogen gas taken by the nitrogen production mechanism) after the bottom flue 12 is burned, and is circulated while keeping the coal preparation chamber 3 in a closed state.
  • the front sealing door 7 transfers the moving sliding bed 37 to the coke oven preheating section 51, thereby ensuring that there is no dust overflow during the coal charging process, and at the same time providing the preheating section 50 for recovering the gas chemical product. Air atmosphere.
  • the coal preparation chamber 3 and the preheating section 50 are separated by a front sealing door 7 of the coke oven body, and the sealing door 4 of the coal preparation chamber is connected to the outer circulation chute.
  • the coke oven body rear sealing door 25 of the present invention has a coke preparation chamber 23 composed of two sealing walls, a coke preparation room sealing door 24, a furnace body rear sealing door 25, and a top plate and a floor.
  • a replacement air inlet passage 13 controlled by a control valve is connected under the floor and connected to the bottom flue of the preheating section.
  • the top plate has a displacement air overflow passage 26 communicating with the main flue 6 and is equipped with a control valve, which is advanced in the out of focus.
  • the air of the coke-removing preparation chamber 23 is replaced by the anaerobic flue gas after the combustion of the bottom flue 12 (or nitrogen is taken using a nitrogen-producing mechanism), and the coke oven is opened while keeping the coke-preparing chamber 23 in a closed inner circulation state.
  • the rear body sealing door 25 transfers the moving slide bed 37 to the out-of-focus preparation chamber 23, ensuring that there is no soot overflow during the out-of-focus process, while providing the air atmosphere required for the dry quenching section 52 to cool and extinguish the coke.
  • the out-of-focus preparation chamber 23 and the dry quenching section 52 are separated by a furnace rear seal door 25, and the coke preparation chamber sealing door 24 is connected to the outer circulation chute.
  • the furnace top 33 of the present invention is provided with a zirconium-containing fiberboard partitioning the upper space of the coal material as a flame barrier gas barrier 9 to separate the preheating section, the carbonization section, and the upper space of the dry quenching section.
  • the dry quenching section 52 of the present invention is disposed behind the carbonization section or disposed outside the out-of-focus preparation chamber 23 to be a dry quenching chamber that is used independently for each moving sliding bed 37 and is provided with a gas inlet passage and a top gas overflow at the bottom. Channel, add a low moisture quenching chamber to the side of the dry quenching chamber for use.
  • the replacement gas used in the 1000 quenching chamber uses the oxygen-free flue gas after the bottom flue 12 combustion or the nitrogen gas obtained by the nitrogen production mechanism.
  • the present invention is provided with a gas collecting branch 8 and a gas collecting manifold 28 connected to the top portion 33 of the preheating section of the furnace body, and the gas collecting manifold 28 and the chemical recovery gas purifying system are connected.
  • the coke oven body is opened to seal the front and rear doors 7, 25, and the moving sliding bed 37 is pushed into the tunnel kiln by the top car, and the front door pushes a moving coal material 44 to move.
  • the bed 37 is pushed by the mutual movement of the sliding bed 37 in the furnace body, and a moving sliding bed 37 loaded with carbonization into the coke preparation chamber 23 is opened from the rear door, and the coke oven body is closed before and after the sealing door 7, 25 is closed.
  • the extinguished coke located on the moving slide 37 of the out-of-focus preparation chamber 23 is transferred to the unloading area for unloading.
  • the coal material 44 volatilizes most of the gas in the preheating section 50, it moves to the carbonization section 51, and the remaining gas volatilized from the carbonization section 51 passes through the flame guiding port 45 from the gas descending passage 40 to the carbonization section bottom passage 38 to be oxidized and further The temperature of the coal material is raised until the carbonization of the coal is melted. Finally, the coal material 44 is bonded and contracted, and is gradually cooled down by the dry quenching section 52 to obtain the finished coke.
  • the flue gas is generated by the sub-flue 10, the main flue 6 to the waste heat steam boiler to generate steam for the steam turbine generator set to generate electricity, and the generated electric energy is sold online except for self-use, and the flue gas is waste heat.
  • the cleaned flue gas is discharged from the chimney to the atmosphere after desulfurization and dedusting.
  • the present invention provides a mobile sliding bed tunnel type coke oven and a method for using the same, and utilizes resources reasonably, and can use a low-value coal material with no cohesiveness or low cohesiveness to produce high-strength high-quality coke in large quantities,
  • the rational design of the structure and production process of the coke oven solves the problem that the existing tunnel kiln cannot recover gas and chemical products, the utilization of heat energy is unreasonable, the coking speed is slow, and the output is low. It has the advantages of low raw material cost, good product quality, high yield, high heat utilization rate, etc. It can recycle gas and chemical products and can also use surplus gas and waste heat to generate electricity. It is a clean and environmentally friendly coke oven that can be used for coal production and coke production.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
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Description

说 明 书
一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉及其使用方法 技术领域
[0001 ] 本发明属于煤炭加工转化、炼焦设备领域，具体涉及到一种采用可移动滑床、能够 连续性机械化作业、可生产型焦和捣固焦，既可以回收化学产品又可以利用余热进行发电 的炼焦炉及其使用方法。 背景技术
[0002] 我国现有的炼焦技术主要采用常规有化学产品回收、顶装或捣固侧装的机焦炉， 它的缺陷是对炼焦煤依赖性强、原料成本高、焦炭规格不均匀且块度小、操作中存在的荒煤 气无组织逸散问题。 也有部分采用不回收化学产品的热回收焦炉，但热回收焦炉存在结焦 时间长、无法对生产温度和速度进行精确调控，即使是同一炭化室的焦炭也很难做到成熟 度一致的问题。 同时上述两种炼焦炉因为生产时必须配套大型的装煤、捣固、推焦、接焦设 备，设备投资大，并且还存在因为推移阻力大在推移捣固煤料时产生裂纹使密实度降低、出 焦时强力推挤造成焦炭破损、机械对炉底磨损严重的缺陷。
[0003] 现有采用移动式炉床的炭化炉中，较有代表的如中国专利 200610012705. 0，名为
"一种隧道式全封闭型煤炭化炉"。 这种炉体虽然说法上将整个炉体分为干燥段、千馏段和 空气冷却段，但其实只是将炉体根据温度和煤料状态将炉体作简单划分，干燥段温度仅靠 干馏段温差进行自然传导，干燥速度慢影响产量；空气冷却段依靠红焦煤气耗尽，自然降 温，而且在炉体上无准确区分。该专利由于窑车与窑车之间、窑车底部和四周无法做到完全 密封，不能回收煤气和化学产品，并且还存在热能利用不合理、结焦速度慢、产量低的缺点。 发明内容
[0004] 本发明的目的是针对以上炼焦炉及设备存在的不足，提供一种结构合理、原料选 择范围广、产品质量好、产率高、检修维护方便、热能利用率高、可以回收煤气和化学产品还 可以利用余热发电、清洁环保的炼焦炉及其使用方法。
[0005] 本发明的目的是这样实现的：
[0006] 本发明一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉设置为装煤准备室、预热段、炭化段、干熄焦段 和出焦准备室五个部分 *·
[0007] 装煤准备室通过密封门、两堵密封墙、和炉体前密封门及顶板和地板构成独立封 闭的空间，该室地板下埋设有和预热段底烟道连通的有控制阀控制的置换空气进入通道、 顶板上有和主烟道连通的置换空气溢出通道并装有控制阀，在移动滑床进入装煤准备室后 利用底烟道燃烧后的无氧烟气（或者使用制氮机制取的氮气）对装煤准备室的空气进行置 换并在保持装煤准备室处于密闭内循环的状态下打开焦炉炉体前密封门将移动滑床移送 至焦炉预热段，保证了装煤过程中没有烟尘外溢，同时提供了预热段回收煤气化学产品所 需要的空气氛围。 装煤准备室和预热段由炉体前密封门'分隔。
[0008] 预热段两侧炉墙不设导焰口，预热段炉底有底通道并和底烟道相通，预热段底通 道设有温度调节口并和预热段两侧炉墙内部设置的废热空气上升通道连通并有闸板控制， 废热空气上升通道通过分烟道和主烟道相通，主烟道和外部的烟囱相通。 在炉体预热段顶 部装有集气支管和煤气集气总管连通，煤气集气总管和化产回收煤气净化系统连通。
[0009] 炭化段两侧炉墙内部设有多条独立的有调节闸板的煤气下降通道，煤气下降通道 内壁上部有与炭化段上部相通的相间的导焰口、炉墙外壁设有与导焰口对应的可开闭的观 察口、煤气下降通道下部与炭化段与之对应的底通道相通并设有用于停电时应急使用的炭 化段底通道自然配风口，炭化段内壁上部设有和煤气下降通道错开的与煤气下降通道不相 通的用于停电时应急使用的炭化段自然配风口，炭化段上部和底通道的增氧进气道有管道 和煤气下降通道连通并有调节阀控制并且和通往干熄焦段预热空气室的热空气通道连通。
[0010] 炉体顶部分段装有分隔煤料上部空间的含锆纤维板作隔焰隔气挡板将预热段、炭 化段、干熄焦段上部空间隔开。
[001 1 ] 干熄焦段炉墙顶部设有顶部换热箱、两侧炉墙的内壁和外壁之间设有预热空气室 并有与该段顶部换热箱和底通道相通的换热通道并设有调节闸板，干熄焦段顶部换热箱有 冷风管、底通道有冷风管和离心风机连通。 干熄焦段后部是炉体后密封门。
[0012] 炉体后密封门外有两堵密封墙、一道出焦准备室密封门和炉体后密封门及顶板和 地板构成的出焦准备室，该室地板下埋设有和预热段底烟道连通的有控制阀控制的置换空 气进入通道、顶板上有和主烟道连通的置换空气溢出通道并装有控制阀，出焦准备室密封 门和炉外循环滑道连接。
[0013] 干熄焦段设置在炭化段后面或者设置在出焦准备室外设置成为每一台移动滑床 独立使用的干熄焦室并在底部设置气体进入通道并在顶部设置气体溢出通道，在干熄焦室 旁增加设置一个低水分熄焦室备用。装煤准备室、出焦准备室、干熄焦室所使用的置换气体 使用底烟道燃烧后的无氧烟气或者使用制氮机制取的氮气。
[0014] 装载型煤或者捣固煤料的移动滑床由耐热金属材料铸铁板或耐热钢板或者非金 属耐火材料高铝堇青石板或莫来石堇青石板制成，在移动滑床和底通道之间底通道的上 部设有滑床滑道，滑床滑道由高密度耐磨高温材料硅砖、高铝砖、磷酸铝砖、磷酸盐砖、刚玉 砖、多晶碳化硅或多晶氮化硅铺设。
[0015] 移动滑床直接在滑床滑道上滑动或者选择在滑床滑道内铺设可滚动的圆形耐火 球或圆筒型耐火滚筒或用耐高温轴承或者用耐热钢条作滑道滑条等方式降低移动滑床在 滑床滑道上移动的阻力。炉体滑床滑道选择水平设置或者炉体前段高出后段形成坡度的设 置。
[0016] 煤料经捣固或压力成型后装载在移动滑床上入炉炭化，煤料在移动滑床上静置不 动，使用压力成型设备操作可以使煤料的堆密度达到 1. 40t/m3以上（顶装煤 0. 7〜 0. 75t/ m3、捣固可达到 0. 95〜 1. 15t/m3)，堆密度大幅度提高后，减少了煤粒间的空隙，可以减少结 焦过程中为填充空隙所需的胶质体液相产物的数量，即可用较少的胶质体液相产物把分散 的煤粒（变形粒子）结合在一起，同时，结焦过程中所产生的气相产物由于煤粒间空隙减少 而不易析出，增大了胶质体的膨胀压力，使变形煤粒受压挤紧，进一步加强了煤粒间的结合 并且有利于热解产生的游离基和不饱和化合物互相缩合，产生分子量适当、化学稳定的不 挥发液相产物，总之，它使大量使用无粘结性或者低粘结性的低价值煤料生产高强度优质 焦炭成为可能，大幅度提高煤料采购范围，降低了原料成本，提高了产量和回收率。
[001 7] 炭化过程所需要消耗的热量仅由在炭化段底通道用热空气给煤气加氧燃烧对脱 水预热后的煤料进行隔氧千馏，产生的高温烟气又通过底烟道送往预热段对煤料进行脱水 预热，同时通过干熄焦段预热空气室尾部的离心风机将干熄焦段的热量换移至炭化段蓄热 空气室使炭化过程全部使用热空气与煤气进行燃烧，可以大量降低炭化煤料消耗的煤气量 同时又可以使干熄焦段煤料逐渐降温直至熄灭，最后烟气经分烟道、主烟道至余热蒸汽锅 炉产生蒸汽供汽轮机发电机组发电，整个系统设置使炼焦能耗降低到最小。
[0018] 通过装煤准备室、出焦准备室的设置并且在装煤入炉出焦时提前利用底烟道燃烧 后的无氧烟气（或者使用制氮机制取的氮气）对装煤准备室、出焦准备室的空气进行置换， 保证了装煤出焦过程中没有烟尘外溢，同时提供了预热段回收煤气化学产品及干熄焦段熄 焦所需空气氛围。
[0019] 本发明采用上述生产设备及使用方法后，可以以清洁节能的方式实现炼焦发电联 产同时进行了化学产品煤气回收利用，它还具有如下优点 -
[0020] 1、由于采用移动滑床，避免了现有捣固焦炉在推移捣固煤料时产生裂纹使密实度 降低、出焦时强力推挤造成焦炭破损的缺陷，通过压力成型可对煤料定型生产，成品焦炭规 格均匀、块度大、强度好。
[0021 ] 2、由于采用移动滑床，并且对整个焦炉分段设计，可对加热温度和加热速度精确 控制、加热升温曲线与煤料成焦要求相吻合，结焦时间短、热能利用率高、生产过程机械化 程度高。
[0022] 3、它可以对以无烟煤为主要原料的入炉煤挥发份小于 13 %的煤料或者是大量使 用了非炼焦煤的煤料进行炭化结焦，生产高品质铸造焦、冶金焦，原料采购范围广、成本低、 吨焦煤耗低，产品回收率高、成品率高。
[0023] 4、生产时可全部回收焦化过程中的富余煤气和焦油、粗苯等化学产品，利用富余 净煤气通过内燃机发电、炼焦余热通过蒸汽汽轮发电机组发电，发电成本低，经济附加值 高。吨焦能耗低于 150kg/标煤，产生的热能除自身炭化消耗外全部用来发电，节约了能源。
[0024] 5、用热空气与煤气进行燃烧，对经过预热后的煤料进行炭化，大幅度提高了热能 利用效率、缩短了结焦时间、提高了产量。
[0025] 6、对于以无烟煤、焦粉为主的煤料（挥发份< 13 % )生产时，因为煤料中几乎不 含有焦油、苯等化学产品，可以不进行化学产品回收，这样可以避免化产回收过程中含酚废 水、苯并芘等致癌物的产生。采用简单易行的干熄焦技术，实现了对水资源的保护和充分利 用。采用烟气脱硫、除尘等技术，使烟气达到清洁排放，有效地保护了大气，从而实现了清洁 生产。
[0026] 7、设备投资少、易维护保养、建设周期短，投资回收期短等。 附图说明
[0027] 图 1是移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉结构示意图；
[0028] 图 2是移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉预热段结构示意图 （A- A剖面图） ；
[0029] 图 3是移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉炭化段结构示意图 （B- B剖面图） ；
[0030] 图 4是移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉干熄焦段结构示意图 （C- C剖面图）。
[0031 ] 图中：
[0032] 1炉体基础 2炉底保温层 3装煤准备室 4装煤准备室密封门 5装煤准备室置换 空气溢出通道 6主烟道 7焦炉炉体前密封门 8焦炉煤气集气支管 9含锆纤维隔焰隔气挡 板 10分烟道 11预热段废热空气上升通道 12底烟道 13出焦准备室置换空气进入通道 14炭化段底通道增氧进气道 15炭化段底通道自然配风口 16煤气下降通道调节闸板 17 炭化段上部煤气下降通道增氧进气口 18导焰口观察口 19热空气通道 20热空气出口调 节阀 21干熄焦段顶部换热箱 22预热空气室 23出焦准备室 24出焦准备室密封门 25焦 炉炉体后密封门 26出焦准备室置换空气溢出通道 27炭化段自然配风口 28煤气集气总 管 29预热段废热空气上升通道调节闸板 30预热段底通道温度调节口 31干熄焦段底通 道温度调节闸板 32干熄焦段顶部换热箱温度调节闸板 33炉顶 34炉顶保温层 35滑床滑 道 36圆形耐火球 37移动滑床 38炭化段底通道 39吊顶大梁 40煤气下降通道 41干熄 焦段顶部换热箱冷风管 42干熄焦段底通道冷风管 43离心风机 44型煤或者捣固煤料 45 导焰口 46预热段底通道 47干熄焦段底通道 48炉体 49预热空气室换热通道 50预热段 51炭化段 52干熄焦段 53装煤准备室底部置换空气进入通道控制阀 54装煤准备室顶部 置换空气溢出通道控制阀 55出焦准备室底部置换空气进入通道控制阔 56出焦准备室顶 部置换空气溢出通道控制阀 具体实施方式
[0033] 以下结合附图（图 1一图 4)说明本发明的具体实施方式
[0034] 本发明一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉，包括炉顶 33、炉顶保温层 34、吊顶大梁 39、两 侧炉墙和由炉体基础 1和炉底保温层 2构成的炉底组成的炉体 48以及焦炉炉体前密封门 7、焦炉炉体后密封门 25、分烟道 10、底烟道 12和主烟道 6，隧道式炼焦炉设置成装煤准备室 3、预热段 50、炭化段 51、干熄焦段 52和出焦准备室 23五个部分，各部分结构设置不同按串 联式排列并且相互连通。
[0035] 炉底保温层 2上面设有若干个相互独立的与炉体串联方向垂直的底通道 38、46、 47，底通道的上部设有装载型煤或者捣固煤料 44的移动滑床 37行走的滑床滑道 35、干熄焦 段 52的炉墙顶部设有干熄焦段顶部换热箱 21、两侧炉墙的内壁和外壁之间设有预热空气 室 22并有与干熄焦段顶部换热箱 21和干熄焦段底通道 47相通的预热空气室换热通道 49 并设有调节闸板 31、32，干熄焦段顶部换热箱 21有干熄焦段顶部换热箱冷风管 41、干熄焦 段底通道 47有干熄焦段底通道冷风管 42和离心风机 43连通，预热空气室 22有一条从炉 墙内部通往炭化段炉墙内壁和外壁中的热空气通道 19。
[0036] 热空气通道 19的出口连接有带热空气出口调节阀 20的炭化段上部煤气下降通道 增氧进气口 17和炭化段底通道增氧进气道 14的管道，炭化段两侧炉墙内部设有多条独立 的有煤气下降通道调节闸板 16控制的煤气下降通道 40，煤气下降通道 40内壁上部有与炭 化段上部相通的相间设置的导焰口 45，炉墙外壁设有与导焰口 45对应的可开闭的观察口 18，煤气下降通道 40下部与炭化段 51与之对应的炭化段底通道 38相通并设有用于停电时 应急使用的炭化段底通道自然配风口 15，炭化段内壁上部设有和煤气下降通道 40错开的 与煤气下降通道 40不相通的用于停电时应急使用的炭化段自然配风口 27，炭化段 51、预热 段 50炉底中央设有相通的底烟道 12并和各自的底通道 38、46相通。
[0037] 预热段底通道 46设有预热段底通道温度调节口 30并和预热段 50两侧炉墙内部 设置的预热段废热空气上升通道 11连通并有闸板 29控制，预热段废热空气上升通道 11通 过分烟道 10和主烟道 6相通，主烟道 6和外部的烟囱相通，预热段和干熄焦段两侧炉墙不 设导焰口。
[0038] 本发明装载型煤或者捣固煤料 44的移动滑床 37由耐热金属材料铸铁板或耐热钢 板；非金属耐火材料高铝堇青石板或莫来石堇青石板制成，在移动滑床 37和底通道 38、46、 47之间底通道 38、46、47的上部设有滑床滑道 35，滑床滑道 35由高密度耐磨高温材料硅 砖、高铝砖、磷酸铝砖、磷酸盐砖、刚玉砖、多晶碳化硅或多晶氮化硅铺设。
[0039] 本发明移动滑床 37直接在滑床滑道 35上滑动或者选择在滑床滑道 35内铺设可 滚动的圆形耐火球 36或圆筒型耐火滚筒或用耐高温轴承或者用耐热钢条作滑道滑条的方 式降低移动滑床 37在滑床滑道 35上移动的阻力。 本发明炉体滑床滑道 35选择水平设置 或者炉体前段高出后段形成坡度的设置。
[0040] 本发明装煤准备室密封门 4外有由两堵密封墙、一道装煤准备室密封门 4和炉体 前密封门 7及顶板和地板构成的装煤准备室 3，该室地板下埋设有和预热段底烟道 12连通 的有控制闽控制的置换空气进入通道、顶板上有和顶烟道连通的置换空气溢出通道 5并装 有控制闽 54，在移动滑床 37进入装煤准备室 3后利用底烟道 12燃烧后的无氧烟气（或者 使用制氮机制取的氮气）对装煤准备室 3的空气进行置换并在保持装煤准备室 3处于密闭 内循环的状态下打开焦炉炉体前密封门 7将移动滑床 37移送至焦炉预热段 51，保证了装 煤过程中没有烟尘外溢，同时提供了预热段 50回收煤气化学产品所需要的空气氛围。装煤 准备室 3和预热段 50由焦炉炉体前密封门 7分隔,装煤准备室密封门 4和炉外循环滑道连 接。
[0041 ] 本发明焦炉炉体后密封门 25外有由两堵密封墙、一道出焦准备室密封门 24和炉 体后密封门 25及顶板和地板构成的出焦准备室 23，该室地板下埋设有和预热段底烟道连 通的有控制阀控制的置换空气进入通道 13、顶板上有和主烟道 6连通的置换空气溢出通道 26并装有控制阀，在出焦时提前利用底烟道 12燃烧后的无氧烟气（或者使用制氮机制取氮 气 )对出焦准备室 23的空气进行置换并在保持出焦准备室 23处于密闭内循环的状态下打 开焦炉炉体后密封门 25将移动滑床 37移送至出焦准备室 23，保证了出焦过程中没有烟尘 外溢，同时提供了干熄焦段 52冷却熄灭焦炭所需要的空气氛围。 出焦准备室 23和干熄焦 段 52由炉体后密封门 25分隔，出焦准备室密封门 24和炉外循环滑道连接。
[0042] 本发明炉顶 33分段装有分隔煤料上部空间的含锆纤维板作隔焰隔气挡板 9将预 热段、炭化段、干熄焦段上部空间隔开。
[0043] 本发明干熄焦段 52设置在炭化段后面或者设置在出焦准备室 23外设置成为每一 台移动滑床 37独立使用的干熄焦室并在底部设置气体进入通道和顶部气体溢出通道，在 干熄焦室旁增加设置一个低水分熄焦室备用。装煤准备室 3、出焦准备室 23、千熄焦室所使 用的置换气体使用底烟道 12燃烧后的无氧烟气或者使用制氮机制取的氮气。
[0044] 本发明在炉体预热段顶部 33装有集气支管 8和煤气集气总管 28连通，煤气集气 总管 28和化产回收煤气净化系统连通。
[0045] 采用移动滑床的隧道式炼焦炉焦炭生产过程的具体工艺和步骤为：
[0046] (1)、按照与产品要求相对应的原料配方按比例通过多联料仓电子精确配料、经充 分混合搅拌粉碎后煤料 44经压力成型后堆码上移动滑床 37或者将移动滑床 37移至捣固 站直接在移动滑床 37上捣固装煤； [0047] (2)、装载煤料 44的移动滑床 37经炉外循环滑道移至装煤准备室 3，关上装煤准备 室密封门 4和出焦准备室密封门 24，打开装煤准备室 3、出焦准备室 23底部置换空气迸入 通道控制阀 53、55和顶部置换空气溢出通道控制阀 54、56，利用底烟道 12燃烧后的无氧烟 气（或者使用制氮机制取的氮气）对其空气进行置换，置换完成后打开焦炉炉体前后密封 门 7、25，通过顶车机将移动滑床 37推入隧道窑，前门推进一部装载煤料 44的移动滑床 37 的同时依靠炉体内移动滑床 37的相互推动从后门处顶出一部装载已经炭化成焦的移动滑 床 37进入出焦准备室 23，关闭焦炉炉体前后密封门 7、25，将位于出焦准备室 23的移动滑 床 37上的已经熄灭的焦炭移送至卸焦区卸焦。
[0048] (3)、随着移动滑床 37的间歇式移动，煤料 44经预热段底通道 46的高温废热烟气 的热量传导快速脱水预热并逐渐产生煤气，煤气经预热段顶部煤气集气支管 8收集后进入 煤气集气总管 28后进入化产回收煤气净化系统，经回收净化后的净煤气直接用于焦化尾 气内燃机发电、外销或返回焦炉燃烧。 煤料 44在预热段 50挥发出绝大部分的煤气后移至 炭化段 51，炭化段 51挥发出的剩余煤气经导焰口 45从煤气下降通道 40进入炭化段底通 道 38加氧燃烧并进一步使煤料温度升高直至熔融炭化，最后煤料 44黏结收缩后并经干熄 焦段 52逐渐降温干熄得成品焦炭。
[0049] (4)、通过干熄焦段 52预热空气室 22尾部的离心风机 43将干熄焦段 52的热量换 移至炭化段 51使炭化过程全部使用热空气与煤气进行燃烧、燃烧后产生的废热空气又经 炭化段 51底烟道 12进入预热段 50底烟道 12后经预热段底通道 46和预热段废热空气上 升通道 11对移动滑床 37上装载的煤料 44快速脱水预热同时使干熄焦段 52降温，最后烟 气经分烟道 10、主烟道 6至余热蒸汽锅炉产生蒸汽供汽轮机发电机组发电，产生的电能除 自用外上网销售，其烟气由余热蒸汽锅炉换热降温后，再经脱硫除尘净化处理后，洁净的烟 气由烟囱排向大气。
[0050] 本发明提供的一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉及其使用方法合理利用了资源，可大量 使用无粘结性或者低粘结性的低价值煤料定型生产高强度优质焦炭，由于对焦炉结构和生 产流程的合理设计,解决了现有隧道窑不能回收煤气和化学产品，热能利用不合理、结焦速 度慢、产量低的问题。 具有原料成本低、产品质量好、产率高、热能利用率高等优点，可以回 收煤气和化学产品同时还可以利用富余煤气、余热发电。是一种可用于型煤炭化、焦炭生产 的清洁环保炼焦炉。
[0051 ] 以上所述为本发明的详尽描述而已，并不用以限制本发明。 对于所属领域的技术 人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。 这里无需也无法 对所有的实施方式予以穷举。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和 引伸出的变化或变动，均包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉及其使用方法，包括炉顶（33)、炉顶保温层（34)、吊顶 大梁（39)、两侧炉墙和由炉体基础（1)、炉底保温层（2)构成的炉底组成的炉体（48) 以及 焦炉炉体前密封门（7)、焦炉炉体后密封门 (25)、分烟道 (10)、底烟道 (12)和主烟道（6)， 其特征是隧道式炼焦炉由装煤准备室（3)、预热段（50)、炭化段（51)、干熄焦段（52)和出 焦准备室（23)五个部分组成，各部分结构设置不同按串联式排列并且相互连通，炉底保温 层（2)上面设有若干个相互独立的与炉体串联方向垂直的底通道（38、46、47)，底通道的上 部设有装载型煤或者捣固煤料（44)的移动滑床（37)行走的滑床滑道（35)，干熄焦段（52) 的炉墙顶部设有干熄焦段顶部换热箱（21)、两侧炉墙的内壁和外壁之间设有预热空气室 (22)并有与干熄焦段顶部换热箱（21)和干熄焦段底通道（47)相通的预热空气室换热通 道（49)并设有调节闸板（31、32) ,干熄焦段顶部换热箱（21)有干熄焦段顶部换热箱冷风 管（41)、干熄焦段底通道（47)有干熄焦段底通道冷风管（42)和离心风机（43)连通，预热 空气室（22)有一条从炉墙内部通往炭化段炉墙内壁和外壁中的热空气通道（19)，热空气 通道（19)的出口连接有热空气出口调节阀（20)并有管道和炭化段上部煤气下降通道增氧 进气口 （17)及炭化段底通道增氧进气道（14)连通，炭化段两侧炉墙内部有多条独立的配 置了煤气下降通道调节闸板（16)的煤气下降通道（40)，煤气下降通道（40) 内壁上部有与 炭化段上部相通的相间的导焰口 （45)、炉墙外壁设有与导焰口 （45)对应的可开闭的导焰 口观察口 （18)、煤气下降通道（40)下部与炭化段（51)与之对应的炭化段底通道（38)相 通并设有炭化段底通道自然配风口 （15)，炭化段内壁上部设有和煤气下降通道（40)错开 的与煤气下降通道（40)不相通的炭化段自然配风口 （27)，炭化段（51)、预热段（50)炉底 中央设有相通的底烟道（12)并和各自的底通道（38、46)相通，预热段底通道（46)设有预 热段底通道温度调节口（30)并和预热段（50)两侧炉墙内部设置的预热段废热空气上升通 道（11)连通并有预热段废热空气上升通道调节闸板（29)控制，预热段废热空气上升通道 (11)通过分烟道（10)和主烟道（6)相通，主烟道（6)和外部的烟囱相通，预热段（50)和干 熄焦段（52)两侧炉墙不设导焰口。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉，其特征是：装载型煤或者捣固 煤料（44)的移动滑床（37) 由耐热金属材料铸铁板或耐热钢板；非金属耐火材料高铝堇青 石板或莫来石堇青石板制成，在移动滑床（37)和底通道（38、46、47)之间底通道（38、46、 47)的上部设有滑床滑道（35)，滑床滑道（35)由高密度耐磨高温材料硅砖、高铝砖、磷酸铝 砖、磷酸盐砖、刚玉砖、多晶碳化硅或多晶氮化硅铺设。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉，其特征是：移动滑床（37)直接 在滑床滑道（35)上滑动或者选择在滑床滑道（35) 内铺设可滚动的圆形耐火球（36)或圆 筒型耐火滚筒或用耐高温轴承或者用耐热钢条作滑道滑条的方式降低移动滑床（37)在滑 床滑道（35)上移动的阻力。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉，其特征是：炉体滑床滑道（35) 选择水平设置或者炉体前段高出后段形成坡度的设置。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉，其特征是：预热段（50)外有由 两堵密封墙、装煤准备室密封门 （4)和焦炉炉体前密封门 （7)及顶板和地板构成的装煤准 备室（3)，该室地板下埋设有和预热段底烟道（12)连通的有装煤准备室底部置换空气进入 通道控制阀 （53)控制的置换空气进入通道、顶板上有和主烟道连通的装煤准备室置换空 气溢出通道（5)并装有装煤准备室顶部置换空气溢出通道控制阔（54)，装煤准备室密封门 (4)和炉外循环滑道连接；干熄焦段（52)外有由两堵密封墙、出焦准备室密封门（24)和焦 炉炉体后密封门 （25)及顶板和地板构成的出焦准备室（23)，该室地板下埋设有和预热段 底烟道（12)连通的有出焦准备室底部置换空气进入通道控制阀（55)控制的出焦准备室置 换空气进入通道（13)、顶板上有和主烟道（6)连通的出焦准备室置换空气溢出通道（26)并 装有出焦准备室顶部置换空气溢出通道控制阀（56)，出焦准备室密封门 （24)和炉外循环 滑道连接。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉，其特征是：炉顶（33)分段装 有分隔煤料上部空间的含锆纤维隔焰隔气挡板（9)将预热段（50)、炭化段（51)、干熄焦段 (52)上部空间隔开。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉，其特征是：干熄焦段（52)设置 在炭化段（51)后面或者设置在出焦准备室（23)外设置成为每一台移动滑床（37)独立使 用的干熄焦室并在底部设置气体进入通道和顶部气体溢出通道，在干熄焦室旁增加设置一 个低水分熄焦室备用。
8. 根据权利要求 1、5、7所述的一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉，其特征是：装煤准备室 (3)、出焦准备室（23)、干熄焦室所使用的置换气体使用底烟道（12) 的燃烧后的无氧烟气 或者使用制氮机制取的氮气。
9. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉，其特征是：在炉体预热段（50) 炉顶（33)装有焦炉煤气集气支管（8)和煤气集气总管（28)连通，煤气集气总管（28)和化 产回收煤气净化系统连通。
10. 按照权利要求 1所述的一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉的使用方法，其特征是焦炭生 产过程的具体工艺和步骤为：
(1)、按照与产品要求相对应的原料配方按比例通过多联料仓电子精确配料、经充分混 合搅拌粉碎后煤料（44)经压力成型后堆码上移动滑床（37)或者将移动滑床（37)移至捣 固站直接在移动滑床（37)上捣固装煤；
(2)、装载煤料（44) 的移动滑床（37)经炉外循环滑道移至装煤准备室（3)，关上装煤 准备室密封门 （4)和出焦准备室密封门 （24)，打开装煤准备室（3)、出焦准备室（23)底部 置换空气通道控制阀（53、55)和顶部的控制阀（54、56)，利用底烟道（12)燃烧后的无氧烟 气（或者使用制氮机制取的氮气）对其空气进行置换，置换完成后打开焦炉炉体前后密封 门 （7、25)，通过顶车机将移动滑床（37)推入隧道窑，前门推进一部装载煤料（44) 的移动 滑床（37)的同时依靠炉体内移动滑床（37)的相互推动从后门处顶出一部装载已经炭化成 焦的移动滑床（37)进入出焦准备室（23) ,关闭焦炉炉体前后密封门（7、25)，将出焦准备室
(23) 的移动滑床（37)上已经熄灭的焦炭移送至卸焦区卸焦。
(3)、随着移动滑床（37)的间歇式移动，煤料（44)经预热段底通道（46)的高温废热烟 气的热量传导快速脱水预热并逐渐产生煤气，煤气经预热段顶部集气管 (8)收集后进入煤 气集气总管（28)后进入化产回收煤气净化系统，经回收净化后的净煤气直接用于焦化尾 气内燃机发电、外销或返回焦炉燃烧。 煤料（44)在预热段（50)挥发出绝大部分的煤气后 移至炭化段（51)，炭化段（51)挥发出的剩余煤气经导焰口（45)从煤气下降通道（40)进入 炭化段底通道（38)加氧燃烧并进一步使煤料温度升高直至熔融炭化，最后煤料（44)黏结 收缩后并经干熄焦段（52)逐渐降温千熄得成品焦炭。
(4)、通过干熄焦段（52)预热空气室（22)尾部的离心风机（43)将干熄焦段（52)的热 量换移至炭化段（51)使炭化过程全部使用热空气与煤气进行燃烧、燃烧后产生的废热空 气又经炭化段（51)底烟道（12)进入预热段（50)底烟道（12)后经预热段底通道（46)和 废热空气上升通道（11)对移动滑床（37)上装载的煤料（44)快速脱水预热同时使干熄焦 段（52) 降温，最后烟气经分烟道（10)、主烟道（6)至余热蒸汽锅炉产生蒸汽供汽轮机发电 机组发电，产生的电能除自用外上网销售，其烟气由余热蒸汽锅炉换热降温后，再经脱硫除 尘净化处理后，洁净的烟气由烟囱排向大气。
PCT/CN2011/000362 2010-04-12 2011-03-07 一种移动滑床隧道式炼焦炉及其使用方法 WO2011127742A1 (zh)

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US13/640,696 US20130062185A1 (en) 2010-04-12 2011-03-07 Tunnel typed coking furnace with a movable sliding bed and the method using the same
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