WO2011120181A1 - Céramique opaque à base d'alumine - Google Patents
Céramique opaque à base d'alumine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011120181A1 WO2011120181A1 PCT/CH2011/000068 CH2011000068W WO2011120181A1 WO 2011120181 A1 WO2011120181 A1 WO 2011120181A1 CH 2011000068 W CH2011000068 W CH 2011000068W WO 2011120181 A1 WO2011120181 A1 WO 2011120181A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- oxide
- alumina
- opaque
- rare earth
- ceramic
- Prior art date
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- VQCBHWLJZDBHOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium(iii) oxide Chemical compound O=[Er]O[Er]=O VQCBHWLJZDBHOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010979 ruby Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910001750 ruby Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 12
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- -1 s Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007545 Vickers hardness test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- HZVVJJIYJKGMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N almasilate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](O)=O HZVVJJIYJKGMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZXGIFJXRQHZCGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Er+3].[Er+3] ZXGIFJXRQHZCGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000462 isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nd+3].[Nd+3] PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003447 praseodymium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011009 synthetic ruby Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/6261—Milling
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63448—Polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63488—Polyethers, e.g. alkylphenol polyglycolether, polyethylene glycol [PEG], polyethylene oxide [PEO]
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
- C04B35/645—Pressure sintering
- C04B35/6455—Hot isostatic pressing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B37/00—Cases
- G04B37/22—Materials or processes of manufacturing pocket watch or wrist watch cases
- G04B37/225—Non-metallic cases
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
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- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3232—Titanium oxides or titanates, e.g. rutile or anatase
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- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
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- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3239—Vanadium oxides, vanadates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. magnesium vanadate
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
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Definitions
- the invention relates to an opaque ceramic based on alumina, similar to ruby and having a high tenacity.
- a ceramic can find applications, in particular, in jewelery, jewelery or watchmaking.
- Ruby is the red variety of the corundum family which consists of alumina having a particular crystalline structure. The red color of the ruby is due to the presence of chromium in the corundum.
- polycrystalline rubies which are obtained by mixing alumina and chromium oxide and a little MgO as a sintering additive, then shaping the mixture and sintering it under a hydrogen atmosphere or Vacuum of at least 10 -1 Torr Polycrystalline rubies obtained by these routes, however, have unsatisfactory mechanical characteristics due to a low homogeneity of microstructures and grain size much too high since often exceeding 10 microns. moreover, their translucent appearance is not desirable in certain cases where it would be preferable to be able to use a high-tenacity ceramic colored in the mass and opaque.
- JP 56-140070 patent application relates to a process for the manufacture of alumina-based reddish-purple ceramics. These ceramics are translucent and contain, according to the sole example of this application, chromium oxide, yttrium oxide, lanthanum oxide and 0.7% magnesium oxide. and their preparation comprises a sintering step in a reducing atmosphere, in particular hydrogen.
- Japanese Patent Application No. JP 56-140071 also relates to a process for producing alumina-based reddish-purple ceramics. These ceramics are also translucent, they contain chromium oxide, magnesium oxide, lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide. Their preparation comprises sintering under a hydrogen atmosphere. This request does not include any example of realization.
- Japanese Patent Application No. JP 04-193760 relates to colored alumina materials. These materials are translucent. Contrary to what is incorrectly stated in the summary of this patent application, these materials may contain up to 2%, and not 5%, of chromium oxide, cobalt, nickel, vanadium, manganese, of iron or titanium, and at least one rare earth oxide selected from praseodymium, neodymium and erbium oxides. Magnesium oxide may also be added as a particle growth inhibiting agent during sintering. However, the amount to be added of this oxide is not indicated. The preparation of these materials comprises a sintering step which can take place in air, at a temperature between 1300 and 1800 degrees.
- This high temperature sintering step must be followed by hot isostatic pressing (in English “Hot isostatic pressing” or “Heat isostatic pressing” abbreviated as "HIP”) under a pressure of between 500 and 2000 atmospheres and at a pressure of temperature of 1400 ° C.
- hot isostatic pressing in English “Hot isostatic pressing” or “Heat isostatic pressing” abbreviated as "HIP”
- HIP hot isostatic pressing
- the major object of the invention is to provide an opaque ceramic based on alumina, similar to ruby and having mechanical properties, in particular toughness, good enough to allow it to be used in the watch industry, for example for making parts constituting the clothing of a watch, such as a bezel, a case or a bracelet, which are exposed to the elements and shocks.
- Such a ceramic to be satisfactory, must have a grain size of less than 5 ⁇ , preferably between 2.5 and 4.5 ⁇ , more preferably between 3 and 4 ⁇ and ideally between 3, 2 and 3.6 ⁇ .
- alumina-based ceramic having the following composition, in percentages by weight:
- This ceramic which may be called "opaque polycrystalline ruby” thus has both good homogeneity, high density, acceptable porosity, high toughness, satisfactory opacity and good polishing ability. In addition, its sintering is easy.
- the ceramic according to the invention can be implemented in many fields, among which include jewelery, jewelery and watchmaking.
- the invention also aims to provide a simple method for preparing such a ceramic. In particular, it is sought to avoid heavy steps such as hot isostatic compression and / or the use of a reducing atmosphere.
- the invention also relates to a process for the preparation of this ceramic which has the particularity that it comprises a step during which at least one rare earth element element oxide is added to a mixture of alumina, magnesium oxide and at least one oxide of at least one metal selected from chromium, cobalt, nickel, manganese, vanadium, titanium and iron.
- the ceramic according to the invention may be prepared according to a process in which:
- a mixture (or suspension or slip) is prepared comprising, in percentages by weight:
- step b) the mixture obtained in step a) is ground;
- step b) the mixture obtained in step b) is atomized; d) the crushed mixture obtained in step G) is then shaped,
- step d) subjecting the product obtained in step d) to one or more heat treatment (s),
- the heat treatment or, if appropriate, the last heat treatment is carried out at a pressure of less than 10 bar, preferably in an atmosphere of an oxygen-containing gas and at atmospheric pressure.
- the ceramic according to the invention may be prepared according to a process in which:
- a mixture (or suspension or slip) is prepared comprising, in percentages by weight:
- step b) the mixture obtained in step a) is ground;
- step b) the mixture obtained in step b) is atomized
- step d) the crushed mixture obtained in step c) is then shaped and
- step d) the product obtained in step d) is subjected to at least one heat treatment under a pressure of less than 10 bar, preferably at atmospheric pressure,
- the opaque ceramic must comprise the aforementioned constituents in their respective percent ranges.
- the alumina-based ceramic comprises, in percentages by weight:
- the ceramic according to the invention comprises between 0.5 and 2.5% by weight of at least one oxide of a rare earth element.
- any rare earth oxide can be used.
- the ceramic according to the invention may also comprise several rare earth oxides.
- lanthanum oxide or erbium oxide is used.
- a doping of the order of 0.012 to 0.26% by weight with other elements, for example, yttrium oxide.
- other metals such as iron, titanium, cobalt, manganese or vanadium are used instead of or in addition to chromium, a color other than red may be obtained.
- cobalt or iron for example, it is possible to obtain a blue or green color depending on the degree of oxidation. The degree of oxidation is determined by the heat treatment conditions, in particular the atmosphere present in the furnace.
- the ceramic according to the invention is preferably free of silicon because its presence induces a loss of toughness.
- silica and magnesia form in the presence of alumina an opaque white magnesium alumino-silicate which causes stains in the ceramic.
- the preparation of the ceramic according to the invention can be carried out according to known methods to which is added a step of introducing the rare earth oxide or oxides.
- This step may consist for example in heating the rare earth oxide in the presence of concentrated nitric acid until complete dissolution of this oxide. After cooling, the solution obtained can then be added to the other constituents.
- metal selected from chromium, cobalt, nickel, manganese, vanadium, titanium and iron, with at least one liquid so as to form a slurry or suspension;
- the rare earth ion solution (s) is generally obtained by dissolving rare earth oxide, preferably by dissolving rare earth oxide, which will form rare earth oxides during sintering.
- the liquid aids grinding and / or atomization. This is usually water but any other suitable liquid can be used.
- additives are generally added to the mixture necessary for shaping the ceramic, according to the shaping method chosen and following the teachings of those skilled in the art, these additives generally comprising at least one organic binder and at least one organic plasticizer.
- the percentage of added organic additives necessary to obtain pressable granules of atomization is generally between 1.5 and 6% of the weight of the powder.
- a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- a dispersant to stabilize the suspension such as polyacrylic acid and optionally 0.05% of a lubricant such as oleic acid.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- a dispersant to stabilize the suspension such as polyacrylic acid and optionally 0.05% of a lubricant such as oleic acid.
- nitric acid To prepare a solution of ions of element (s) of the rare earth group, it is possible to use nitric acid. After adding this solution to the slip, the colloidal stabilization of the suspension is induced by the pH, without the need to add a dispersant or a lubricant.
- the temperature of the heat treatment is generally between 1640 and 1690 ° C., preferably between 1645 and 1680 ° C., more preferably still between 1650 and 1675 ° C.
- salts of, for example, nitrates, acetates or oxalates may be used as a source of Cr, Co, Ni, Mn, V, Ti or Fe.
- magnesium salts such as magnesium chloride, can also be used as a source of magnesium.
- a salt such as nitrate, oxalate or acetate may also be used.
- oxide is the preferred means of introducing the rare earth because it is the purest starting material in comparison to salts or other compounds.
- the mixture can be prepared from: at least one compound capable of being converted by heating into an amount of from 0.4% to 5% of at least one oxide of a metal chosen from chromium, cobalt, nickel, manganese and vanadium; , titanium and iron,
- At least one compound capable of being converted by heating into an amount of 0.00080 to 0.5% of magnesium oxide at least one compound capable of being converted by heating into an amount of 0.00080 to 0.5% of magnesium oxide
- the atomized powder can be diluted by heat treatment at a temperature of a few hundred ° C. in order to eliminate the binders and plasticizers, and then add by blending organic additives to obtain a suitable blend. to be injected, which is also called injection feedstock.
- the percentages of organic additives added to the atomized powder can be up to 16% for binders, 3% for plasticizers and 1% for dispersants, these percentages being calculated with respect to the mass of atomized powder.
- Example 1 Preparation of a ceramic according to the invention
- a slip is made by mixing in a bowl of attrition:
- the resulting slurry is recovered in a second vessel to which is added 450 ml of isopropyl alcohol rinsing balls and zirconia vessel.
- the contents of the second vessel are atomized while stirring magnetically at 500 rpm to avoid flocculation.
- the granules obtained are pressed with a manual pressure gauge.
- Pellets are then produced in a mold 40 mm in diameter.
- the binders and plasticizers contained in the pellets are removed thermally and the pellets are sintered in a Nabertherm HT4 oven in air at 1650 ° C.
- pellets are then polished in the laboratory after having been ground on a Schaublin 102N lathe equipped with a diamond wheel D91.
- the average size of the grains is measured according to the standard method IS0643 from scanning electron micrographs at a magnification of 4000x or 8000x depending on the grain size. To reveal the microstructure, additional heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 100 ° C lower than the sintering temperature for 1 hour. The sample is then cleaned with alcohol, and possibly covered with a thin conductive layer of gold to facilitate observation.
- Each pellet obtained is therefore composed of, in percentages by weight relative to the total weight of the pellet, approximately:
- Example 2 The procedure is as in Example 1 except that instead of using erbium oxide, 0.561 g of lanthanum oxide is used.
- the pellets obtained are therefore composed of, in percentages by weight, based on the total weight of the pellet, approximately:
- Example 3 Preparation of a ceramic outside the scope of the invention (based on the prior art JP09208295)
- Example 2 The procedure is as in Example 1 except that one does not add rare earth.
- concentration of Cr is greater than that recommended in JP09208295 (0.005-0.1%) in order to obtain an opaque ceramic with satisfactory coloration, and not. a translucent ceramic.
- Example 4 Preparation of a ceramic outside the scope of the invention (based on the prior art JP09208295)
- Example 2 The procedure is as in Example 1 except that no rare earth is added and 0.1 g of silica (0.1%) is added.
- the color and toughness of the ceramics prepared as in Examples 1-4 were determined.
- the tenacity was calculated using the Anstis-Chantikul formula from measurements made by Vickers indentation using a 1000 gf (9.80665 N) load on a Leica VMHT MOT microdurometer.
- ceramics 1 and 2 according to the invention have the best tenacity while having parameters L *, a *, b *, C * and h very close to those of ceramics 3 and 4 outside the invention (Examples 3 and 4).
- the ceramics according to Examples 1 and 2 are opaque and non-translucent, such as polycrystalline rubies according to JP09208295 or commercially available monocrystalline synthetic rubies.
- the average grain size corresponding to the ceramic 1 is 3.2 microns.
- Example 1 identical chemical composition and process
- the pellet 6 is first sintered in air at 1550 ° C. and then undergoes hot isostatic pressing treatment under Formier gas (N 2 + 5%). of H 2 ) at 1400 ° C for 2 hours with 1000 bar pressure.
- this ceramic 6 is very dark (purple / purple). This example therefore makes it possible to highlight the color variation induced by the treatment in reducing atmosphere (comparison between ceramics 1 and 6): a treatment at ambient pressure in a reducing atmosphere or a HIP treatment under a reducing or neutral gas (which has a reducing effect at the temperature used for the treatment) have the same negative effect on the colour .
- Example 8 Impact of the mass percentage of Er 2 C> 3 in the initial slip on the color and the tenacity.
- Example 1 the procedure is as in Example 1 except that the amount of Er 2 C> 3 dissolved in the nitric acid varies (1.12 g in Example 7, 2.24 g in the example 8, 5.61 g in Example 9, 11.22 g in Example 10).
- the erbium oxide contents of the pellets obtained are therefore as follows:
- Example 1 of the patent application The procedure is as in Example 1 of the patent application, but the size of the grains is varied by playing with the conditions of sintering under air.
- the sintering temperature is measured at 1645 ° C (ceramic 11), against 1660 ° C (ceramic 12), 1675 ° C (ceramic 13) and finally 1690 ° C (ceramic 14).
- the average size of the grains varies substantially according to the heat treatment applied: it is 3 microns (ceramic 11), 3.2 microns (ceramic 12), 3.6 microns (ceramic 13) and 4.5 microns (ceramic 14) and therefore increases with the sintering temperature.
- the grain size therefore has a predominant impact on the toughness: it will have a toughness too low for a grain size> 5 ⁇ (and therefore a sintering temperature well above 1700 ° C), with an optimum for grain size between 2.5 and 4.5 ⁇ , ie a treatment temperature of between 1640 ° C and 1690 ° C.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/637,846 US8993466B2 (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-04-01 | Alumina-based opaque ceramic |
EP11714914.6A EP2552855B1 (fr) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-04-01 | Céramique opaque à base d'alumine |
JP2013501580A JP5856141B2 (ja) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-04-01 | アルミナ系セラミックス、アルミナ系セラミックスの調製方法 |
CN201180017781.XA CN102947245B (zh) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-04-01 | 氧化铝基不透明陶瓷 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10405073.7 | 2010-04-01 | ||
EP10405073 | 2010-04-01 |
Publications (1)
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WO2011120181A1 true WO2011120181A1 (fr) | 2011-10-06 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CH2011/000068 WO2011120181A1 (fr) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-04-01 | Céramique opaque à base d'alumine |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8993466B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2552855B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5856141B2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN102947245B (fr) |
CH (1) | CH702968B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2011120181A1 (fr) |
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EP2746243A1 (fr) | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-25 | Rolex S.A. | Corps céramique technique coloré et son procédé de préparation |
EP2746242A1 (fr) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-25 | Rolex S.A. | Corps céramique technique coloré et son procédé d'obtention |
FR3060556A1 (fr) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-22 | Norimat | Procede de fabrication d’un materiau ceramique de couleur rouge |
EP3992169A1 (fr) | 2020-11-03 | 2022-05-04 | Polycrystal design GmbH | Céramique à corindon technique coloré et son procédé de fabrication |
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US9284485B2 (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2016-03-15 | Rolex Sa | Persistent phosphorescent composite material |
CN103113026B (zh) * | 2013-03-06 | 2015-01-07 | 广州市力银电子科技有限公司 | 一种电子浆料用玻璃粉及其制备方法 |
PT3044184T (pt) * | 2013-09-12 | 2020-02-14 | Basf Se | Processo para produzir cerâmica de óxido de alumínio por extrusão de uma mistura que contém um composto de sódio |
CN104109793B (zh) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-06-01 | 厦门钨业股份有限公司 | 一种氧化铝基金属陶瓷及其应用 |
CN105601258A (zh) * | 2015-05-20 | 2016-05-25 | 章韵瑾 | 人造宝石及其制备方法 |
EP3219691B1 (fr) * | 2016-03-15 | 2019-02-27 | The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. | Céramique polycristalline rouge opaque |
EP3612503B1 (fr) | 2017-04-20 | 2023-09-27 | Rolex Sa | Fabrication d'un composant en céramique |
JP7215028B2 (ja) * | 2018-06-28 | 2023-01-31 | 東ソー株式会社 | 着色アルミナ焼結体 |
CN114394825B (zh) * | 2021-12-22 | 2023-10-31 | 西北工业大学宁波研究院 | 一种陶瓷材料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN114988918B (zh) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-04-07 | 湖南省新化县鑫星电子陶瓷有限责任公司 | 一种氧化铝陶瓷的表面金属化方法 |
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- 2011-04-01 WO PCT/CH2011/000068 patent/WO2011120181A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2011-04-01 JP JP2013501580A patent/JP5856141B2/ja active Active
- 2011-04-01 EP EP11714914.6A patent/EP2552855B1/fr active Active
- 2011-04-01 CN CN201180017781.XA patent/CN102947245B/zh active Active
- 2011-04-01 US US13/637,846 patent/US8993466B2/en active Active
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JPS56140071A (en) | 1980-03-31 | 1981-11-02 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Transparent red purple color alumina ceramics |
JPS56140070A (en) | 1980-03-31 | 1981-11-02 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Manufacture of transparent red purple color alumina ceramics |
JPH04193760A (ja) | 1990-11-26 | 1992-07-13 | Nkk Corp | 着色透光性アルミナ焼結体及びその製造方法 |
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CN103811425A (zh) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-05-21 | 康文生 | 一种可以防止光透射的晶闸管封装壳及晶闸管 |
US9434654B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2016-09-06 | Rolex S.A. | Coloured technical ceramic bodies and method for preparing the same |
EP2746242A1 (fr) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-25 | Rolex S.A. | Corps céramique technique coloré et son procédé d'obtention |
WO2014096318A1 (fr) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | Rolex S.A. | Corps en céramique technique colorés et procédé pour les obtenir |
WO2014096319A1 (fr) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | Rolex S.A. | Corps en céramique technique colorés et procédé pour la préparation de ceux-ci |
JP2016500363A (ja) * | 2012-12-21 | 2016-01-12 | ロレックス エスアー | 着色工業用セラミック体及びその製造方法 |
EP2746243A1 (fr) | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-25 | Rolex S.A. | Corps céramique technique coloré et son procédé de préparation |
US9458064B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2016-10-04 | Rolex S.A. | Coloured technical ceramic bodies and method for obtaining the same |
EP2746243B1 (fr) | 2012-12-21 | 2018-10-31 | Rolex S.A. | Corps céramique technique coloré et son procédé de préparation |
JP2020007221A (ja) * | 2012-12-21 | 2020-01-16 | ロレックス エスアー | 着色工業用セラミック体及びその製造方法 |
FR3060556A1 (fr) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-22 | Norimat | Procede de fabrication d’un materiau ceramique de couleur rouge |
WO2018115649A1 (fr) | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-28 | Norimat | Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau céramique de couleur rouge |
EP3992169A1 (fr) | 2020-11-03 | 2022-05-04 | Polycrystal design GmbH | Céramique à corindon technique coloré et son procédé de fabrication |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20130072373A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
CH702968A2 (fr) | 2011-10-14 |
CH702968B1 (fr) | 2014-03-31 |
CN102947245A (zh) | 2013-02-27 |
US8993466B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 |
CN102947245B (zh) | 2016-06-01 |
EP2552855A1 (fr) | 2013-02-06 |
EP2552855B1 (fr) | 2018-03-07 |
JP5856141B2 (ja) | 2016-02-09 |
JP2013523573A (ja) | 2013-06-17 |
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