WO2011108631A1 - カフェインレスコーヒー - Google Patents
カフェインレスコーヒー Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011108631A1 WO2011108631A1 PCT/JP2011/054875 JP2011054875W WO2011108631A1 WO 2011108631 A1 WO2011108631 A1 WO 2011108631A1 JP 2011054875 W JP2011054875 W JP 2011054875W WO 2011108631 A1 WO2011108631 A1 WO 2011108631A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F5/00—Coffee; Coffee substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F5/46—Coffee flavour; Coffee oil; Flavouring of coffee or coffee extract
- A23F5/465—Flavouring with flavours other than natural coffee flavour or coffee oil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F5/00—Coffee; Coffee substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F5/20—Reducing or removing alkaloid content; Preparations produced thereby; Extracts or infusions thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to caffeine-less coffee having excellent flavor, and more particularly to caffeine-less coffee in which the flavor of caffeine-less coffee reduced by caffeine removal is brought close to the original flavor of coffee.
- Coffee usually contains caffeine, but caffeine may interfere with sleep, caffeine removed from coffee for reasons such as stimulating central nervous, heart, gastric secretion and digestion. Inless coffee is being developed. However, caffeine is one of the main taste components of coffee, and if it is removed, the original taste of coffee is diminished, and other taste components (aroma components other than caffeine) are used in the decaffeination process. Is also removed, and the original flavor of coffee is impaired. Therefore, various methods for improving the flavor of caffeine-less coffee have been proposed.
- Patent Document 1 describes that the taste reduced by decaffeination can be compensated by adding one or more neutral amino acids selected from the group consisting of valine, leucine and isoleucine. ing.
- Patent Document 2 describes that the addition of theanine to caffeine-less coffee improves the flavor of caffeine-less coffee and restores the original taste of coffee.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a flavorful caffeine-less coffee having a taste and aroma equal to or higher than those of ordinary coffee.
- ethyl isovalerate has an effect of enhancing the original flavor of coffee. Then, by blending coffee beans that have been processed and / or refined to contain ethyl isovalerate into caffeine-less coffee beans, the flavor of caffeine-less coffee is improved and can be brought close to the original flavor of coffee. As a result, the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention relates to the following.
- ⁇ Caffeine-less coffee with improved taste and aroma that is close to the original flavor of coffee can be easily obtained by improving the coffee flavor reduced by removing caffeine.
- ethyl isovalerate has a function of preventing a decrease in the fragrance of roasted coffee beans that are susceptible to change over time and masking the odor
- roasted coffee beans of the present invention It has excellent storage stability, and further has the advantage that scattering of fragrance when roasted coffee beans are ground during extraction is also suppressed.
- Caffeine-less coffee also called Decaffeinated Coffee Coffee Beans of the present invention refers to coffee that has been decaffeinated, beans (raw beans, roasted beans), extracts (including concentrated liquids), Any form such as instant coffee (powdered coffee) may be used.
- the flavor of coffee is particularly important for regular coffee rather than instant coffee and canned coffee, that is, coffee extracted directly from coffee beans using equipment such as paper drip, siphon, coffee maker, etc.
- One preferred embodiment includes caffeine-less coffee beans (hereinafter referred to as caffeine-less coffee beans).
- caffeine-less coffee beans (Caffeineless coffee beans)
- the manufacturing method of the caffeine-less coffee bean which is a suitable aspect of this invention is explained in full detail, it is not limited to this.
- Caffeine-less coffee beans that can be used to enhance flavor are decaffeinated by removing caffeine from fresh coffee beans that have been refined, and caffeine-free coffee beans that do not contain caffeine from the beginning. Any of the above methods can be used, but for ease of production, decaffeination method that selectively extracts caffeine by immersing green beans in organic solvent, water, supercritical fluidized carbon dioxide or other solvent are preferably used.
- the type of caffeineless coffee beans is not particularly limited, and any type of coffee such as Arabica or Robusta may be used. Etc.) is not limited.
- the caffeine-less coffee beans of the present invention can be produced by mixing the above-mentioned caffeine-less coffee beans with coffee beans containing ethyl isovalerate or ethyl isovalerate. Specifically, during the production of caffeine-less coffee beans (for example, decaffeination step) and / or after production, ethyl isovalerate is sprayed or added and mixed with the coffee beans, caffeine-less coffee beans Examples include a method of blending coffee beans containing ethyl isovalerate.
- Ethyl isovalerate also known as Butanoic acid 3-methyl-ethyl ester, Butyric acid 3-methyl-ethyl ester, Isovaleric acid ethyl ester
- formula (I) is represented by the following formula (I)
- a plant extract containing ethyl isovalerate extracted by any method including a known method from a plant containing ethyl isovalerate can be used as it is, or the extract
- a concentrated or purified product of ethyl isovalerate obtained by concentrating or purifying the ethyl isovalerate can affect the coffee beverage when the roasted coffee beans are extracted with hot water to obtain a coffee beverage.
- ethyl valerate it is preferable to use a concentrated or purified product of ethyl isovalerate or a synthetic product.
- the amount added is 1 ppb or more of ethyl isovalerate in the total amount of coffee beans. , Preferably 2 ppb or more, more preferably 5 ppb or more, particularly preferably 10 ppb or more.
- roasting can be performed after adding ethyl isovalerate to caffeine-less coffee beans (raw beans). You may manufacture by adding ethyl isovalerate so that it may become said predetermined density
- ethyl isovalerate is a component that is not normally contained in green coffee beans or roasted coffee beans, but is produced specifically by fermentation and contains ethyl isovalerate. It has been confirmed that raw beans and roasted beans can be obtained.
- the fermented coffee beans (hereinafter referred to as “fermented coffee beans”) are obtained by subjecting the harvested coffee fruit to some fermentation-based processing utilizing the action of microorganisms. And coffee beans (including roasted coffee beans) containing ethyl isovalerate at a concentration detectable by the following method.
- the microorganism includes, for example, yeast for wine fermentation (for example, Saccharomyces cerevisiae species Lalvin L2323 strain (Setty Company), CK S102 strain (Bio Springer), Saccharomyces genus bayanus yeast), yeast for beer fermentation, yeast for bread fermentation, Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Oenococcus, etc.
- yeast for wine fermentation for example, Saccharomyces cerevisiae species Lalvin L2323 strain (Setty Company), CK S102 strain (Bio Springer), Saccharomyces genus bayanus yeast
- yeast for beer fermentation yeast for bread fermentation, Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Oenococcus, etc.
- Examples include lactic acid bacteria, koji mold for sake, koji mold for shochu, koji mold for miso, and microorganisms (incomplete fungi) belonging to the genus Geotrichum.
- microorganisms belonging to the genus Geotricum include Geotrichum candidum, Geotrichum rectangulatum, Geotrichum klebahnii, Geotrichum sp. (International deposit number: FERM BP-10300) (This microorganism is incorporated into the Patent Organism Depositary, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (1st, 1st, 1st Street, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan), March 22, 2005. Preferred are those dated) or variants thereof.
- These microorganisms belonging to the genus Geotricum can be obtained by isolation from coffee fruit.
- the contact with microorganisms can be performed by spraying or spraying microorganisms on coffee fruits or immersing coffee fruits in a suspension containing microorganisms. What is necessary is just to select fermentation conditions suitably according to the selected microorganism.
- coffee fruits can contain microorganisms belonging to the genus Geotricum and microorganisms belonging to the genus Saccharomyces, they belong to the genus Geotricum and Saccharomyces without performing artificial microbial fermentation such as contacting the microorganisms.
- Fermented coffee beans can also be obtained by controlling the action of microorganisms for fermentation.
- fermented coffee beans can be artificially produced by the methods 1), 2), 4), etc. (preferably, 1) or 2)), and in Latin America, Africa, Asia, etc.
- fermented coffee beans are produced by using microorganisms attached to the fruit surface while drying the harvested fruits in the sun. You can also.
- the thickness of the fruit pod is set to a certain value or less (for example, 10 cm or less).
- a thin layer for example, 5 cm or less
- thicken it for example, 5-10 cm
- Fermented coffee beans contain ethyl acetate and / or ethanol in addition to ethyl isovalerate and enhance the coffee flavor additively or synergistically with ethyl isovalerate. It is a preferred embodiment to use fermented coffee beans containing ethyl valerate.
- the caffeine-less coffee beans (roasted beans) of the present invention may be mixed roasting (pre-blend) in which fermented coffee beans (raw beans) are mixed and roasted with raw caffeine-less coffee beans, or caffeine.
- pre-blend mixed roasting
- fermented coffee beans raw beans
- caffeine roasted coffee beans
- the flavor enhancing action of ethyl isovalerate is more exhibited.
- roasted caffeine-less coffee obtained by mixing raw coffee of fermented coffee with raw coffee beans of caffeineless coffee to obtain mixed green beans and mixed roasting is an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the mixing ratio of the fermented coffee beans is 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 3 to 15% by weight, more preferably about 6 to 10% by weight, based on the total amount of the mixed green beans.
- the ratio of ethyl isovalerate which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention (1 ppb or more, preferably 2 ppb or more, more preferably 5 ppb or more, particularly preferably 10 ppb or more, relative to the total amount of coffee beans, the upper limit is 100 ppb or less, preferably 50 ppb or less, more preferably about 30 ppb or less).
- pre-blending and holding for a certain period of time means holding in an airtight container for at least 6 hours or longer, preferably 12 hours or longer, more preferably 18 hours or longer, particularly preferably 24 hours or longer.
- Sealed containers include plastic tanks, aluminum pouches, and other industrial tanks (having lids) such as roasting drums.
- aging sometimes called aging
- some are distributed as aged beans.
- the individuality of the coffee beans becomes gentle due to aging, and in particular, in the case of caffeineless coffee, the scent of the coffee beans disappears or decreases, so in general the aging of caffeineless coffee Is not done.
- fermented coffee green beans are mixed with caffeine-less coffee green beans and brought into contact with each other, so that ethyl isovalerate acts to wrap the aroma components of green coffee beans.
- the scent of green beans does not decrease, and has the effect of making the scent after roasting stand out more.
- the roasted fermented coffee beans have an L value of 16 to 30, preferably about 18 to 22, with the L value measured by a color difference meter as the roast degree. Roasting is recommended. In roasting with an L value of 16 or less, the effect of ethyl isovalerate, which is an active ingredient of the present invention, may be hindered by the presence of a cyclic dipeptide or the like produced along with roasting.
- L value as used in this specification is a parameter
- the L value is measured by grinding 50% of roasted coffee beans to a particle size of 0.8 to 1.2 mm, 5% or less of the particle size of 0.5 mm or less, and 5 of the particle size of 2 mm or more. % Or less, the chaff is removed as appropriate, and the ground beans are put into the cell, tapped sufficiently, and then measured with a spectroscopic colorimeter.
- a spectroscopic colorimeter SE-2000 manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd. can be used.
- the content of ethyl acetate and / or ethanol that enhances the coffee flavor additively or synergistically with ethyl isovalerate is based on the weight of ethyl acetate relative to the total amount of caffeine-less coffee beans (roasted beans). 3 ppm or more, preferably 5 ppm or more, more preferably 10 ppm or more, and the ethanol content on a weight basis is 10 ppm or more, preferably 30 ppm or more, more preferably 50 ppm or more.
- the ethyl acetate and ethanol content is a value obtained by component analysis of the gas in the head space by putting the fermented roasted coffee beans in a gas chromatography (GC) sample tube as it is without crushing,
- GC analysis conditions are as follows.
- GC analysis conditions ⁇ Device: Agilent 7694 HeadspaceSampler (Agilent Technologies) Agilent 6890 GC System (Agilent Technologies) ⁇ Column: HP-INNOWAX (60 mm x inner diameter 0.25 mm x membrane pressure 0.25 ⁇ m) ⁇ Temperature: 40 °C hold for 4 minutes, temperature rise to 220 °C at 3 °C / minute, 230 °C hold for 30 minutes ⁇ Detector: MSD, FID The present invention is characterized by blending ethyl isovalerate into caffeine-less coffee.
- the flavor enhancing action of the present invention can be obtained.
- Fermented coffee beans are blended so that the ratio of ethyl herbate falls within the above range.
- the blending ratio of fermented coffee beans is usually about 1 to 10% by weight with respect to the total amount of coffee beans.
- caffeine is 0.2% by weight or less (preferably 0.18% by weight or less, more preferably 0.16% by weight or less) based on the total amount of coffee beans.
- a coffee extract having a taste and aroma that is equal to or higher than that of the coffee beans before the caffeine is removed can be confirmed.
- caffeine can be measured by, for example, the HPLC method described in Examples.
- the caffeine-less coffee of the present invention in the form of an extract is obtained by roasting, crushing and extracting the above-mentioned caffeine-less coffee beans containing ethyl isovalerate. Also, obtain an extract from roasted caffeine-less coffee beans and add ethyl isovalerate to it, or extract roasted caffeine-less coffee beans and fermented coffee roasted beans. It is obtained by a method such as obtaining separately and mixing them.
- the ratio of ethyl isovalerate in the extract is 0.1 ppb to 10 ppb, preferably 0.15 ppb to 5 ppb, and more preferably 0. It mix
- ethyl isovalerate is about 5 ppb to 1 ppm, preferably about 10 ppb to 600 ppb per coffee solid.
- the caffeine-less coffee of the present invention is instant coffee, it may be produced by adding ethyl isovalerate at a ratio similar to that of the extract and spray drying it.
- Example 1 Production of Fermented Coffee Beans Fermented coffee beans have the following steps; 1) Steam treatment process for steaming coffee fruits at 90-110 ° C. for 15-30 seconds, 2) cooling to 30-40 ° C., 3) pH adjustment step of adding 0.05 to 0.5% by weight of adipic acid or lactic acid per weight of coffee fruit to adjust pH of coffee fruit epidermis to pH 3 to 4, 4) A microorganism attaching step for attaching fermentation microorganisms simultaneously with or after the pH adjusting step, 5) 30 to 40 ° C., 48 to 72 hours cultivation process, 6) A drying process for drying the coffee fruit after culturing, 7) The coffee pulp was separated from the coffee seeds to obtain fermented coffee beans.
- step 1) 100 kg of fresh coffee fruits were prepared, and the above step 1) was performed at a temperature of 100 ° C. and a treatment time of 20 seconds using a speed-adjustable conveyor provided with a tunnel-type steam introduction part. Then, it cooled rapidly to 40 degreeC with ventilation (process 2)).
- Process 2 prepare a yeast solution by adding 200 g of water to 50 g of dry cells of Lalvin EC1118 strain (Saccharomyces bayanus), a yeast for wine fermentation, per 100 kg of coffee fruit, and 100 g of adipic acid per coffee fruit. adhesion amount of yeast was added as uniformly simultaneously becomes 1.0 ⁇ 10 6 ⁇ 7 cells (step 3), 4)). This was left to stand at 35 ° C.
- Step 7) The flesh was removed with a threshing machine to obtain fermented coffee beans (raw beans).
- Step 7) About this fermented coffee bean, 10g each is put into the sample tube for gas chromatography (GC) as it is without crushing, and the components of the gas in the head space are analyzed. As a result, ethyl acetate, ethanol and ethyl isovalerate are included. Was confirmed.
- GC gas chromatography
- Example 2 Production of caffeine-less coffee beans (1)
- Brazilian Arabica coffee beans were used as the coffee beans for flavor enhancement.
- the green coffee beans were decaffeinated by a water process until the caffeine content in the green beans was reduced from 1.42% to 0.04%.
- horizontal (horizontal) drum-type roasting machine hot air type
- L value: 19.5 The scent of the obtained roasted coffee beans (caffeine-less coffee beans) was sensory evaluated, and the ethyl isovalerate content and caffeine content in the roasted coffee beans (blend beans) were measured.
- the ethyl isovalerate content and caffeine content were measured by the following methods.
- the obtained extract was diluted 10-fold with mobile phase A (w / w), filtered through a membrane filter (Cellulose Acetate 0.45 ⁇ m manufactured by ADVANTEC), and injected into HPLC for quantification.
- the HPLC measurement conditions are as follows.
- a coffee extract was obtained from each roasted coffee bean and cup tested.
- the coffee extract is ground with a commercially available coffee mill (trade name “BONMAC”, model number “BM570N”) (after grinding the coffee mill dial to “medium”), and then 5 g of ground coffee powder (coffee powder) ) was extracted by a conventional method using 65 g of boiling water.
- Table 1 shows the results. Blended coffee beans containing ethyl isovalerate, ie fermented coffee beans, compared to caffeine-less coffee (100% w / w non-fermented coffee beans) not containing ethyl isovalerate As the content of ethyl isovalerate increased, the original coffee taste (brightness, body feeling) and aroma (coffee flavor) were enhanced.
- Example 3 Production of caffeine-less coffee beans (2)
- the mixed green beans are held in a sealed container for a certain period of time and then roasted into a medium deep roast (L value: 19.5) using a horizontal (horizontal) drum type roasting machine (hot air type).
- roasted mixed beans (pre-blend) were obtained.
- the mixed green beans were held at room temperature for 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, 24 hours, and refrigerated (5 ° C.) for 1 month and 2 months.
- Caffeine-less coffee roasted in the same manner with 100% w / w non-fermented coffee beans was used as a control, and the strength of the coffee flavor of the coffee extract obtained from the roasted coffee beans was sensory evaluated.
- non-fermented coffee beans were similarly roasted and mixed roasted beans (after blend) mixed at 94: 6 (% w / w) after roasting fermented coffee beans were also evaluated. .
- Production of the coffee extract is similar to the method of Example 2.
- Table 2 shows the results. Compared to caffeine-less coffee, blended beans containing fermented coffee beans, that is, caffeine-less coffee beans containing ethyl isovalerate had enhanced coffee flavor of the coffee extract.
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Abstract
Description
[1]イソ吉草酸エチルを含有する、カフェインレスコーヒー。
[2]カフェインレスコーヒーがコーヒー豆の形態であり、イソ吉草酸エチルの割合がコーヒー豆の全量に対して0.1ppb以上である、[1]に記載のカフェインレスコーヒー。
[3]イソ吉草酸エチルが、醗酵コーヒー豆として添加されたものである、[1]又は[2]に記載のカフェインレスコーヒー。
[4]カフェインレスコーヒーがコーヒー生豆の形態であり、イソ吉草酸エチルが醗酵コーヒー生豆の形態で添加されたものである、[2]又は[3]に記載のカフェインレスコーヒー。
[5][4]に記載のカフェインレスコーヒーを焙煎して得られる、焙煎カフェインレスコーヒー。
以下、本発明の好適な態様であるカフェインレスコーヒー豆の製造方法について詳述するが、これに限定されるものではない。
で示される化合物であり、パイナップル、イチゴ、柑橘類等の果実に存在する化合物である。添加するイソ吉草酸エチルとしては、上記イソ吉草酸エチルを含む植物から公知の方法を含む任意の方法で抽出したイソ吉草酸エチルを含有する植物抽出物をそのまま用いることもできるし、当該抽出物中のイソ吉草酸エチルを濃縮又は精製して得られるイソ吉草酸エチルの濃縮物又は精製物を用いることもできる。但し、果実抽出物をそのままコーヒー豆に添加すると、そのコーヒー焙煎豆を熱水等で抽出してコーヒー飲料を得た際に、果実の風味がコーヒー飲料に影響を及ぼすことがあるので、イソ吉草酸エチルを果実抽出物として用いる場合には、イソ吉草酸エチルの濃縮物又は精製物を用いるか、或いは合成品を用いるのが好ましい。
まず、コーヒー生豆5gを中挽きで粉砕した後、蒸留水50mLを加えて水蒸気蒸留し、留液100mLを得、その留液を分液ロートに入れ、塩化ナトリウム25g及びジエチルエーテル50mLを加え、20分間振とうする。ジエチルエーテル層を回収し、水層のみ分液ロートに入れ、再度、ジエチルエーテル50mLを加え、20分間振とう後、ジエチルエーテル層のみ回収する。得られたジエチルエーテル層計100mLを分液ロートに戻し、蒸留水50mLで分液ロートを共洗いした後、ジエチルエーテル層のみ回収し、硫酸ナトリウム30gを加え、脱水を行い、KD(クデルナーダーニッシュ)濃縮法により1mLまで濃縮した後、GC-MSに導入してイソ吉草酸エチルを検出する。GC-MS条件は以下の通り。
・装置:Agilent社製 6890N(GC)+5973inert(MS)
・カラム:GERSTEL社製 MACH HP-INNOWAX(10m*0.20mm*0.20μm)
・カラム温度 :40℃(3min)-50℃/min-250℃(10min)
・キャリアガス:He
・注入口温度:250℃
・トランスファーライン:250℃
・イオン源温度:230℃
・Scan Parameter:m/z=35~350
・SIM Parameter :m/z=70,88,102
醗酵コーヒー豆は、例えば以下のいずれかの方法で得ることができる。
2)収穫後のコーヒー果実を天日又は機械で乾燥させた後、微生物を接触させて醗酵させ、水洗式又は非水洗式に脱穀(精製)する方法。
3)収穫後のコーヒー果実を天日で乾燥させるとともに微生物醗酵させ、脱穀(精製)する方法。
4)収穫したコーヒー果実を果肉除去機に入れて果肉を除去した後、水槽に入れてパーティメントに付いた粘液を取り除くとともに、資化成分を添加して微生物醗酵させ、その後天日又は機械で乾燥させ脱穀する方法。
・装置:Agilent 7694 HeadspaceSampler (Agilent Technologies社製)
Agilent 6890 GC System (Agilent Technologies社製)
・カラム:HP-INNOWAX(60mm×内径0.25mm×膜圧0.25μm)
・温度:40℃4分保持、3℃/分で220℃まで昇温、230℃30分保持
・検出器:MSD,FID
本発明は、イソ吉草酸エチルをカフェインレスコーヒーに配合することを特徴とする。前述のとおり、コーヒー豆全量中にイソ吉草酸エチルが重量基準で1ppb以上となるように配合すると、本発明の風味増強作用が得られることから、生豆、焙煎豆に関わらず、イソ吉草酸エチルの割合が上記の範囲となるように醗酵コーヒー豆を配合する。醗酵コーヒー豆の配合割合は、通常、コーヒー豆の全量に対して1~10重量%程度である。
本発明のカフェインレスコーヒーで、抽出液の形態のものは、上記のイソ吉草酸エチルを含有するカフェインレスコーヒー豆を焙煎し、粉砕して、抽出することにより得られる。また、焙煎されたカフェインレスコーヒー豆から抽出液を得てこれにイソ吉草酸エチルを添加する、又は焙煎されたカフェインレスコーヒー豆の抽出液と醗酵コーヒー焙煎豆の抽出液を別々に得てこれを混合する、等の方法により得られる。
醗酵コーヒー豆は、以下の工程;
1)コーヒー果実に対し90~110℃、15~30秒で蒸気処理を行う蒸気処理工程、
2)30~40℃に冷却する工程、
3)アジピン酸又は乳酸をコーヒー果実重量当たり0.05~0.5重量%添加し、コーヒー果実の表皮のpHをpH3~4に調整するpH調整工程、
4)pH調整工程と同時もしくは後に、発酵用微生物を付着させる微生物付着工程、
5)30~40℃、48~72時間の培養工程、
6)培養後のコーヒー果実を乾燥する乾燥工程、
7)コーヒー種子からコーヒー果肉を分離して醗酵コーヒー豆を得る、分離精製工程で製造した。
風味増強の対象となるコーヒー豆としては、ブラジル産アラビカ種のコーヒー豆を用いた。このコーヒー生豆をウォータープロセスにて、生豆中のカフェイン含有量が1.42%から0.04%に低減するまで脱カフェイン処理した。この脱カフェイン処理した生豆と、実施例1で製造した醗酵コーヒー豆(生豆)とを、表1に示す割合で混合した後、水平(横)ドラム型の焙煎機(熱風式)を用いて、中深煎り(L値:19.5)に焙煎処理した。得られた焙煎コーヒー豆(カフェインレスコーヒー豆)の香りを官能評価するとともに、焙煎コーヒー豆(ブレンド豆)中のイソ吉草酸エチル含量及びカフェイン含量を測定した。イソ吉草酸エチル含量及びカフェイン含量は以下の方法により測定した。
焙煎コーヒー豆を中挽きで粉砕した後、約10倍質量の沸騰水で抽出し、ろ過を行い抽出液を得た。得られた抽出液50mLにシリコーン5滴を添加した抽出液を60℃に加温し、窒素を吹き込み、吸着管(Tenax GR 35/60)に20分間吸着させた後、GC-MSに加熱導入した。HS条件、加熱脱着条件及びGC-MS条件は以下のとおり。
・吸着剤 :Tenax-GR 35/60
・パージガス流量 :100mL/min
・パージ時間 :20min
・試料量 :50mL
・シリコーン添加量:消泡シリコーンを蒸留水で25倍に希釈したもの5滴
<加熱脱着条件>
・装置 :GERSTEL社製 Thermo Desorption System(TDS)
<GC-MS条件>
・装置 :Agilent社製 6890N(GC)+5973inert(MS)
・カラム :GERSTEL社製 MACH HP-INNOWAX(10m*0.20mm*0.20μm)
・カラム温度 :40℃(3min)-50℃/min-250℃(10min)
・キャリアガス :He
・Scan Parameter:m/z=35~350
・SIM Parameter :m/z=70,88,102
(カフェインの測定方法)
焙煎コーヒー豆を中挽きで粉砕した後、約10倍質量の沸騰水で抽出し、ろ過を行い抽出液を得た。得られた抽出液を移動相Aで10倍希釈(w/w)した後、メンブランフィルター(ADVANTEC製 Cellulose Acetate 0.45μm)で濾過し、HPLCに注入して定量した。HPLCの測定条件は以下のとおり。
・カラム:TSK-gel ODS-80TsQA(4.6mmφx150mm、東ソー株式会社)
・移動相:A:水:トリフルオロ酢酸=1000:0.5
B:アセトニトリル:トリフルオロ酢酸=1000:0.5
・流速:1.0ml/min
・カラム温度:40℃
・グラディエント条件;分析開始から5分後まではA液100%保持、
5分から10分まででB液7.5%、
10分から20分まででB液10.5%、
20分から32分までB液10.5%保持、
32分から45分まででB液26.3%、
45分から46分まででB液75.0%、
46分から51分までB液75.0%保持、
51分から52分まででB液0%
52分から58分までB液0%保持、
・注入量:5.0Μl
・検出波長:カフェイン(280nm)
・リテンションタイム:19.3分
・標準物質:カフェイン(無水) (ナカライテスク株式会社)
実施例2と同じ脱カフェイン処理した生豆(非醗酵コーヒー豆)と醗酵処理した生豆(醗酵処理コーヒー豆)を用いた。これらの豆を、非醗酵コーヒー豆:醗酵処理コーヒー豆=94:6(%w/w)となるように混合した。この混合生豆を一定時間、密閉容器内で保持した後、水平(横)ドラム型の焙煎機(熱風式)を用いて、中深煎り(L値:19.5)に焙煎処理して焙煎混合豆(プレブレンド)を得た。混合生豆の保持は、室温で6時間、12時間、18時間、24時間、冷蔵(5℃)で1ヶ月、2ヶ月行った。非醗酵コーヒー生豆100%w/wを同様に焙煎したカフェインレスコーヒーを対照とし、焙煎コーヒー豆から得られたコーヒー抽出液について、そのコーヒー風味の強さを官能評価した。また、非醗酵コーヒー豆を同様に焙煎処理したものと、醗酵コーヒー豆を同様に焙煎した後に94:6(%w/w)で混合した混合焙煎豆(アフターブレンド)についても評価した。コーヒー抽出液の製造は、実施例2の方法と同様である。
Claims (3)
- イソ吉草酸エチルを含有する、カフェインレスコーヒー。
- カフェインレスコーヒーがコーヒー豆の形態であり、イソ吉草酸エチルの割合がコーヒー豆の全量に対して1ppb以上である、請求項1に記載のカフェインレスコーヒー。
- イソ吉草酸エチルが、醗酵コーヒー豆として添加されたものである、請求項1又は2に記載のカフェインレスコーヒー。
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CN201180011418.7A CN102781249B (zh) | 2010-03-03 | 2011-03-03 | 无咖啡因咖啡 |
DK11750740.0T DK2543256T3 (en) | 2010-03-03 | 2011-03-03 | Decaffeinated coffee |
EP11750740.0A EP2543256B1 (en) | 2010-03-03 | 2011-03-03 | Caffeinless coffee |
SG2012061222A SG183384A1 (en) | 2010-03-03 | 2011-03-03 | Caffeinless coffee |
AU2011221877A AU2011221877B2 (en) | 2010-03-03 | 2011-03-03 | Caffeineless coffee |
US13/578,038 US20120321774A1 (en) | 2010-03-03 | 2011-03-03 | Caffeineless coffee |
JP2012503236A JP5918692B2 (ja) | 2010-03-03 | 2011-03-03 | カフェインレスコーヒー |
NZ601769A NZ601769A (en) | 2010-03-03 | 2011-03-03 | Caffeineless coffee |
ES11750740.0T ES2578329T3 (es) | 2010-03-03 | 2011-03-03 | Café descafeinado |
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US (1) | US20120321774A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2543256B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5918692B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102781249B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2011221877B2 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK2543256T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2578329T3 (ja) |
NZ (1) | NZ601769A (ja) |
SG (1) | SG183384A1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI536913B (ja) |
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WO2018123390A1 (ja) * | 2016-12-28 | 2018-07-05 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | フルーティー香を増強するためのコーヒー豆の焙煎方法及びコーヒー抽出物の製造方法 |
WO2019013103A1 (ja) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-01-17 | アサヒグループホールディングス株式会社 | 容器詰めコーヒー飲料、コーヒー感改善剤、及びコーヒー感を改善する方法 |
WO2021006205A1 (ja) | 2019-07-08 | 2021-01-14 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | 低カフェインコーヒー濃縮液 |
WO2021235183A1 (ja) | 2020-05-18 | 2021-11-25 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | アルコール含有コーヒー生豆の製造方法 |
WO2023042823A1 (ja) * | 2021-09-14 | 2023-03-23 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | コーヒー豆およびコーヒー豆の製造方法 |
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AU2011221877A1 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
JP5918692B2 (ja) | 2016-05-18 |
EP2543256A1 (en) | 2013-01-09 |
US20120321774A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
EP2543256B1 (en) | 2016-06-01 |
JPWO2011108631A1 (ja) | 2013-06-27 |
DK2543256T3 (en) | 2016-08-01 |
AU2011221877B2 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
EP2543256A4 (en) | 2015-06-03 |
CN102781249A (zh) | 2012-11-14 |
TW201143628A (en) | 2011-12-16 |
SG183384A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
ES2578329T3 (es) | 2016-07-26 |
TWI536913B (zh) | 2016-06-11 |
CN102781249B (zh) | 2015-02-11 |
NZ601769A (en) | 2014-04-30 |
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