WO2011099326A1 - Moteur - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2011099326A1
WO2011099326A1 PCT/JP2011/050683 JP2011050683W WO2011099326A1 WO 2011099326 A1 WO2011099326 A1 WO 2011099326A1 JP 2011050683 W JP2011050683 W JP 2011050683W WO 2011099326 A1 WO2011099326 A1 WO 2011099326A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
engine
turbocharger
electric motor
compressor
turbochargers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2011/050683
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
徳永　裕之
平木　彦三郎
昭浩 大澤
昇 飯田
Original Assignee
株式会社小松製作所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社小松製作所 filed Critical 株式会社小松製作所
Publication of WO2011099326A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011099326A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/013—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust with exhaust-driven pumps arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/004—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust with exhaust drives arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/04—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump
    • F02B37/10—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump at least one pump being alternatively or simultaneously driven by exhaust and other drive, e.g. by pressurised fluid from a reservoir or an engine-driven pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/08—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines for engines having two or more intake charge compressors or exhaust gas turbines, e.g. a turbocharger combined with an additional compressor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an engine, and more specifically to a multi-stage supercharged engine equipped with an EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) device.
  • EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation
  • a supercharged engine equipped with an EGR device that suppresses the generation of NOx by lowering the internal combustion temperature of the air-fuel mixture is known.
  • a part of the exhaust gas can be returned to the supply side by the EGR device.
  • the engine operating state for example, when the engine is operated at a medium to high speed and in a high load region is used.
  • the supply pressure by a turbocharger such as a turbocharger may be higher than the exhaust gas pressure. In this case, the exhaust gas does not return to the supply side, and the EGR rate decreases.
  • turbochargers are provided in series to perform multi-stage supercharging, and all turbochargers are provided with electric motors to generate or drive electric motors, so that the air supply pressure is controlled regardless of the engine operating state.
  • the turbocharger provided with the electric motor has a lower rotational speed of the turbine and the compressor than the turbocharger without the electric motor because of the rotor of the electric motor.
  • the capacity (power generation amount and driving amount) of the motor also decreases.
  • the high-pressure stage turbocharger is provided with an electric motor, the low-pressure stage turbocharger is substantially responsible for most of the motor capacity necessary for controlling the EGR rate. End up. That is, when an electric motor is provided in the turbocharger on the high pressure stage side, there is a problem that the effect may not be obtained sufficiently.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a compact multistage supercharged engine that can enjoy the effect of an electric motor provided in a turbocharger.
  • An engine of the present invention is a multi-stage supercharged engine, and an EGR device having an EGR passage that extracts a part of exhaust gas from an exhaust passage of the engine body and returns it to the air supply passage of the engine body;
  • a compressor that sucks and pressurizes and supplies the compressor to the engine body, and a plurality of turbochargers each having a turbine that drives the compressor, and the plurality of turbochargers provide rotational driving force to the compressor and the turbine.
  • At least one first turbocharger having an electric motor provided so as to be able to exchange, and at least one second turbocharger provided in series with the first turbocharger and not having the electric motor.
  • One of the plurality of turbochargers is provided on a side closest to the engine body of the supply passage. And wherein the are.
  • the engine is a two-stage supercharging type in which each of the first and second turbochargers is provided as the plurality of turbochargers.
  • At least one of the traveling body for self-running, the working machine for work, and the revolving body on which the work machine is mounted has generated electric power generated using the engine as a drive source. It is desirable that the engine is a hybrid type construction machine that is driven by an electric motor.
  • the turbocharger includes a plurality of turbochargers including a first turbocharger having an electric motor and a second turbocharger not having an electric motor. Since one of the second turbochargers among the superchargers is provided on the side of the air supply passage closest to the engine body, a turbocharger on the high pressure stage side close to the engine body and its While avoiding the increase in size of the auxiliary machine, it is possible to improve the transient response of the engine or to secure a sufficient EGR rate. Therefore, the effect of the electric motor provided in the turbocharger can be enjoyed, and a compact multistage supercharged engine can be obtained.
  • turbocharger when the engine is a two-stage turbocharger in which each of the first and second turbochargers is provided as the plurality of turbochargers, a minimum number of turbochargers is provided.
  • a turbocharger can constitute a multi-stage supercharged engine. Therefore, the engine of the present invention can be obtained with the simplest configuration.
  • the engine of the present invention is a hybrid construction machine engine, the above-described effects of the present invention can be obtained particularly remarkably.
  • the response delay of other hydraulic drive parts tends to be conspicuous as the traveling body, work machine, and swivel body are driven by an electric motor.
  • Some engines are also required to have higher responsiveness than conventional hydraulically driven construction machines.
  • the engine displacement and the turbocharger turbine size are significantly larger than passenger cars and commercial vehicles, so the time lag during supercharging is large, which is required for hybrid construction machinery.
  • the engine's transient response could not be fully met.
  • the engine of the present invention is used, sufficient transient response required in a hybrid construction machine can be obtained.
  • the engine of construction machinery has a very high ratio of driving at a high load compared to passenger cars and commercial vehicles, and the engine is frequently subjected to rapid acceleration / deceleration, so that the generation of NOx can be suppressed. was difficult.
  • the engine of the present invention is used, a high EGR rate can be realized, and therefore, it is possible to promote suppression of NOx generation that is also required for a hybrid construction machine.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of a construction machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the schematic diagram which shows the engine mounted in the construction machine.
  • the operation movement flowchart of an engine.
  • a power shovel 1 as a construction machine includes an engine 2 as a drive source.
  • a generator motor 3 and a pair of hydraulic pumps 4, 4 are connected in series to the output shaft of the engine 2, and are driven by the engine 2.
  • the work machine 11 in the excavator 1 is composed of a boom, an arm, and a bucket (not shown), and allows hydraulic oil to flow into and out of the boom cylinder 12, the arm cylinder 13, and the bucket cylinder 14 that are respectively provided.
  • the work machine 11 is operated by hydraulic pressure.
  • the vehicle body of the excavator 1 is provided with a pair of crawler-type lower traveling bodies in addition to the above-described upper revolving body 9 being turnably installed, although the detailed illustration is omitted.
  • the lower traveling body has a traveling hydraulic motor 15 for driving a sprocket that meshes with the crawler.
  • the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump 4 also controls the control valve 10 with respect to these traveling hydraulic motors 15. Supplied through.
  • the power shovel 1 of the present embodiment is a hybrid construction machine that drives the upper swing body 9 to swing with electric energy and drives the work implement 11 and the lower traveling body with hydraulic pressure.
  • Each configuration described above is mounted on the upper swing body 9 except for the traveling hydraulic motor 15, and rotates together with the upper swing body 9.
  • the upper revolving structure 9 of the power shovel 1 is provided with a cab that is operated by an operator.
  • a cab In such a cab, there are provided an operator's seat, a fuel dial for setting a fuel supply amount to the engine 2, levers, pedals, monitors, and other switches.
  • the upper swing body 9 is provided with a control box in which the inverter 5 and a swing control device 30 to be described later are accommodated, and an engine controller 40 for controlling the operation of the engine 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows a working machine 11 installed in a cab, a working machine lever 16 for operation, and a turning lever 17 for turning operation.
  • the work machine lever 16 includes a PPC (Proportional Pressure Control) valve.
  • the work machine lever 16 performs the switching operation of the control valve 10 by the pilot pressure generated by the PPC valve, and operates the work machine 11.
  • the turning lever 17 includes a potentiometer and the like so as to output a lever signal corresponding to the tilt angle to the turning control device 30.
  • the turning control device 30 controls the turning operation of the upper turning body 9, and is composed of various hardware and software used in computer technology.
  • the turning control device 30 of the present embodiment is provided in a form mounted on the inverter 5 and is electrically connected to the inverter 5.
  • the engine controller 40 receives detection signals such as a fuel dial set position, an accelerator pedal opening, an engine rotation speed, and a fuel injection amount from detection means (not shown), and the operation state of the engine 2 is detected by these detection signals. The amount of fuel injected into the combustion chamber and the fuel injection timing are controlled according to the state.
  • the engine controller 40 also controls operations of an electric motor 254 and an EGR valve 292 (see FIG. 2), which will be described later.
  • the engine 2 is a diesel engine in the present embodiment, and includes an engine body 20 in which a plurality of combustion chambers are formed, an air supply passage 21 that supplies air to the combustion chambers of the engine body 20, an engine body 20, An air supply manifold 22 that is provided between the air passages 21 and distributes air from the air supply passages 21 to the combustion chambers, an exhaust passage 23 that discharges exhaust gas from the engine body 20, and between the engine body 20 and the exhaust passages 23.
  • An exhaust manifold 24 that collects exhaust gas and flows into the exhaust passage 23, a first turbocharger 25 that supercharges the outside air sucked into the air supply passage 21, and the first turbocharger 25 compresses the exhaust gas. Compressed by an intercooler 26 that cools air, a second turbocharger 27 that further compresses compressed air from the first turbocharger 25, and a second turbocharger 27 The the aftercooler 28 for cooling air, and a EGR device 29 for suppressing the generation of NOx.
  • the first turbocharger 25 includes a turbine 251 that rotates with exhaust energy of exhaust gas, a compressor 252 that rotates together with the turbine 251 and compresses outside air, and a rotating shaft that connects the turbine 251 and the compressor 252.
  • 253 includes a turbine 251 and a compressor 252 and an electric motor 254 provided so as to be able to transmit and receive a rotational driving force.
  • the electric motor 254 can also function as a generator, and switching between the electric function and the power generation function is performed by the engine controller 40.
  • the air supply passage 21 communicates from the compressor 252 outlet to the second turbocharger 27, and an intercooler 26 is provided between the compressor 252 and the second turbocharger 27 in the air supply passage 21.
  • the second turbocharger 27 is provided on the high-pressure stage side closer to the engine body 20 than the first turbocharger 25. Unlike the first turbocharger 25, the second turbocharger 27 is a turbocharger that does not have an electric motor, and includes a turbine 271 and a compressor 272 that are directly connected to each other by a rotating shaft 273. . The outlet of the compressor 272 and the supply manifold 22 communicate with each other through the supply passage 21, and an after cooler 28 is provided between the compressor 272 and the supply manifold 22 in the supply passage 21.
  • the EGR device 29 includes an EGR passage 291 that branches from the exhaust passage 23 and communicates with the downstream side of the air supply passage 21 (downstream side after the aftercooler 28).
  • the EGR passage 291 is provided with an EGR valve 292 that opens and closes the EGR passage 291 and an EGR cooler 293 that cools the exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold 24.
  • the opening / closing control of the EGR valve 292 is performed by the engine controller 40 based on a detection signal from a NOx amount detection means (not shown) provided in the exhaust passage 23 or the exhaust manifold 24.
  • exhaust gas is generated by internal combustion (S 8), and the generated exhaust gas passes through the exhaust manifold 24 and is distributed toward the turbine 271 and the EGR passage 291 of the second turbocharger 27. (S9).
  • the exhaust gas distributed to the EGR passage 291 is cooled by the EGR cooler 293 (S10) and then mixed with the compressed air from the second turbocharger 27 (S6).
  • the exhaust gas distributed to the turbine 271 of the second turbocharger 27 drives the turbine 271 on the high-pressure stage side (S11).
  • the driving force of the turbine 271 is transmitted to the compressor 272 and further compresses the compressed air from the first turbocharger 25 as described above (S4).
  • the exhaust gas that has driven the turbine 271 of the second turbocharger 27 drives the low-pressure stage turbine 251 by the first turbocharger 25 (S12), and is discharged from the exhaust passage 23 (S13).
  • the driving force of the turbine 251 at this time is transmitted to the electric motor 254 to drive the electric motor 254.
  • the engine controller 254 when the engine controller 40 determines that the engine 2 is in an acceleration operation state based on information such as a fuel dial setting position and an accelerator pedal opening (not shown), the engine controller 254 causes the motor 254 to function as an electric motor. If it determines with it not being in an acceleration driving
  • the exhaust gas pressure, the supply pressure, and the EGR rate are generated or driven by the electric motor 254 of the first turbocharger 25.
  • the exhaust gas pressure of the exhaust manifold 24 can be made significantly higher than the supply pressure of the supply manifold 22. Accordingly, the amount of exhaust gas flowing through the EGR cooler 293 to the air supply manifold 22 increases, so that the EGR rate can be increased.
  • the motor 254 of the first turbocharger 25 is caused to function as an electric motor and the turbine 251 is driven, the exhaust gas pressure decreases and the supply air pressure increases, so the EGR rate decreases. In this way, the EGR rate can be controlled according to the amount of power generation or driving amount of the electric motor 254.
  • the motor 254 of the first turbocharger 25 is made to function as an electric motor during the acceleration operation of the engine 2 to assist the rotation of the compressor 252, the supercharging pressure will rise faster than when there is no assist. Become. Therefore, the transient response of the engine 2 can be improved.
  • the fuel consumption can be improved by returning the electric power generated by the electric motor 254 of the first turbocharger 25 to the electric power supply system including a battery, a capacitor, and the like. That is, in the case of the power shovel 1 of the present embodiment, the generator motor 3 coupled to the output shaft of the engine 2 is driven by the electric power generated by the first turbocharger 25 to assist the drive of the engine 2. , Fuel economy can be improved. On the contrary, the rotation of the compressor 252 can be assisted by driving the electric motor 254 of the first turbocharger 25 using the electric power generated by the generator motor 3.
  • the resonance rotational speed is reduced by the amount provided by the electric motor 254.
  • the turbine 271 and the compressor are originally provided. Since the maximum rotational speed of 272 is low, the maximum rotational speed does not exceed the resonant rotational speed even when the electric motor 254 is provided.
  • the second turbocharger 27 on the high-pressure stage side is a turbocharger that does not have an electric motor and has a high resonance speed
  • the turbine and the compressor can be driven at a high speed, and the exhaust gas The pressure and the supply air pressure can be sufficiently increased. For this reason, a high EGR rate can be ensured, and engine output can be improved by supercharging.
  • auxiliary equipment such as cooling equipment related to the second turbocharger 27 can be used without increasing its size.
  • the second turbocharger 27 that does not have an electric motor is provided on the high-pressure stage side closest to the engine body 20. Since the first turbocharger 25 provided with the electric motor 254 is provided on the low pressure stage side away from the engine body 20, the engine 2 becomes larger with the adoption of the electric motor for the turbocharger, The above-described effects of the electric motor provided in the turbocharger can be enjoyed without increasing the cost.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and modifications, improvements, and the like within the scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
  • the engine 2 is a diesel engine, but may be another engine such as a gasoline engine.
  • the engine 2 employs the two-stage supercharging system using the first turbocharger 25 and the second turbocharger 27, but the supercharger closest to the engine body 20 generates power. If the turbocharger does not have a machine, the engine 2 may be provided with three or more turbochargers. If three or more superchargers are provided in series, the supercharging pressure of the engine 2 can be further increased, so that the EGR rate can be further improved.
  • the electric motor 254 is provided on the rotary shaft 253 between the turbine 251 and the compressor 252 of the first turbocharger 25, but is not limited thereto.
  • the electric motor 254 only needs to be provided so as to be able to exchange rotational driving force with the turbine 251 and the compressor 252.
  • the first turbocharger 25 rotates with the turbine 251 and the compressor 252 using a power transmission mechanism such as a gear. The driving force may be exchanged.
  • the upper swing body 9 is driven to swing with electric energy, and the work implement 11 and the lower traveling body are driven with hydraulic pressure, but the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, as long as it is a hybrid type that drives the traveling body, the work machine, the turning body, and the like with electric energy and hydraulic pressure, it is arbitrary which electric power and hydraulic pressure are allocated to drive of the driven body.
  • the hybrid construction machine is not limited to the power shovel 1, and may be another construction machine such as a wheel loader or a dump truck.
  • the working machine may be driven by hydraulic pressure and the traveling body may be driven by electric energy.
  • the vessel is driven by hydraulic pressure and the traveling body may be driven by electric energy. That's fine.
  • the working machine may be driven by electric energy and the traveling body may be driven hydraulically.
  • the present invention can be used not only for construction machines such as power shovels but also for work machines such as cranes having an upper rotating body.
  • SYMBOLS 1 Power excavator which is a hybrid type construction machine, 2 ... Engine, 20 ... Engine main body, 21 ... Air supply passage, 23 ... Exhaust passage, 25 ... 1st turbocharger, 27 ... 2nd turbocharger, 29 ... EGR device, 40 ... engine controller, 251,271 ... turbine, 252,272 ... compressor, 254 ... electric motor, 291 ... EGR passage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

Un moteur suralimenté à étages multiples (2) comprend : un dispositif EGR (29) qui est pourvu d'une voie EGR (291) destinée à extraire une partie des gaz d'échappement de la voie d'échappement (23) du corps de moteur (20) et à renvoyer les gaz vers la voie d'alimentation en air (21) du corps de moteur (20) ; et des turbocompresseurs (25, 27) qui sont pourvus de compresseurs (252, 272) destinés à aspirer et à mettre sous pression l'air extérieur et à apporter l'air au corps de moteur (20), et également de turbines (251, 271). Les turbocompresseurs (25, 27) sont le premier turbocompresseur (25) qui comporte un moteur électrique (254) pouvant apporter une puissance d'entraînement rotatif au compresseur (252) ainsi qu'à la turbine (251) et pouvant recevoir cette puissance en provenance de ceux-ci, le second turbocompresseur (27) qui ne comporte pas de moteur électrique. Le second turbocompresseur (27) parmi les turbocompresseurs (25, 27) se trouve dans une position de la voie d'alimentation en air (21) plus proche du corps de moteur (20) que ne l'est l'autre.
PCT/JP2011/050683 2010-02-09 2011-01-18 Moteur WO2011099326A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010-026497 2010-02-09
JP2010026497A JP2011163201A (ja) 2010-02-09 2010-02-09 エンジン

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WO2011099326A1 true WO2011099326A1 (fr) 2011-08-18

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE102014211127A1 (de) * 2014-06-11 2015-12-17 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Aufgeladene Brennkraftmaschine mit in Reihe angeordneten Abgasturboladern und Abgasrückführung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer derartigen Brennkraftmaschine

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JP5552983B2 (ja) * 2010-09-16 2014-07-16 いすゞ自動車株式会社 電動ターボシステム
WO2013108603A1 (fr) 2012-01-20 2013-07-25 ヤンマー株式会社 Moteur de navire
JP5963496B2 (ja) 2012-03-28 2016-08-03 ヤンマー株式会社 エンジン
US9903323B2 (en) 2015-03-10 2018-02-27 Denso International America, Inc. Emissions reduction system for an internal combustion engine
US9745927B2 (en) 2015-03-10 2017-08-29 Denso International America, Inc. Emissions reduction system for an internal combustion engine
JP6114446B1 (ja) * 2016-07-14 2017-04-12 矢野　隆志 低圧段駆動階層型電動ターボチャージャ装置および該低圧段駆動階層型電動ターボチャージャ装置を装着した動力システム

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JPH0230924A (ja) * 1988-07-18 1990-02-01 Isuzu Ceramics Kenkyusho:Kk 過給機の制御装置
JP2002038962A (ja) * 2000-07-24 2002-02-06 Hitachi Ltd ターボチャージャ付き内燃機関の制御装置
JP2004076687A (ja) * 2002-08-21 2004-03-11 Toyota Motor Corp 排気／電動過給式ハイブリッド車
JP2005009315A (ja) * 2003-06-16 2005-01-13 Nissan Diesel Motor Co Ltd エンジンの２段過給装置
JP2005248860A (ja) * 2004-03-04 2005-09-15 Toyota Motor Corp 電動機付過給機の制御装置
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JP2008075549A (ja) * 2006-09-21 2008-04-03 Hitachi Ltd 内燃機関の制御装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014211127A1 (de) * 2014-06-11 2015-12-17 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Aufgeladene Brennkraftmaschine mit in Reihe angeordneten Abgasturboladern und Abgasrückführung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer derartigen Brennkraftmaschine
DE102014211127B4 (de) 2014-06-11 2022-10-06 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Aufgeladene Brennkraftmaschine mit in Reihe angeordneten Abgasturboladern und Abgasrückführung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer derartigen Brennkraftmaschine

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