Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
  • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
  • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
  • G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
  • G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
  • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
  • G03F7/0005—Production of optical devices or components in so far as characterised by the lithographic processes or materials used therefor
  • G03F7/001—Phase modulating patterns, e.g. refractive index patterns
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
  • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
  • G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
  • G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
  • G03F7/032—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders
  • G03F7/035—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders the binders being polyurethanes
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
  • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
  • G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
  • G03F7/039—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
  • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
  • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
  • G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
  • G11B7/2403—Layers; Shape, structure or physical properties thereof
  • G11B7/24035—Recording layers
  • G11B7/24044—Recording layers for storing optical interference patterns, e.g. holograms; for storing data in three dimensions, e.g. volume storage
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
  • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
  • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
  • G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
  • G11B7/241—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material
  • G11B7/242—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material of recording layers
  • G11B7/244—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material of recording layers comprising organic materials only
  • G11B7/245—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material of recording layers comprising organic materials only containing a polymeric component
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
  • G03H2001/026—Recording materials or recording processes
  • G03H2001/0264—Organic recording material
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
  • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
  • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
  • G11B7/004—Recording, reproducing or erasing methods; Read, write or erase circuits therefor
  • G11B7/0065—Recording, reproducing or erasing by using optical interference patterns, e.g. holograms

Definitions

• the invention relates to a photopolymer formulation comprising matrix polymers, writing monomers and photoinitiators. Further objects of the invention are the use of the photopolymer formulation for the production of holographic media.
• Photopolymer formulations of the type mentioned above are known in the art.
• WO 2008/125229 A1 describes a photopolymer formulation which contains polyurethane-based matrix polymers, an acrylate-based writing monomer and photoinitiators. In the cured state, the writing monomer and the photoinitiators are spatially distributed isotropically in the polyurethane matrix.
• the DE results from the quotient of the intensity of the light diffracted during the reconstruction and the sum of the intensities of the radiated reference light and the diffracted light.
• High refractive index acrylates are capable of producing high amplitude refractive index gratings between low refractive index regions and high refractive index regions, thereby enabling high DE and high ⁇ holograms in photopolymer formulations.
• DE depends on the product of ⁇ and the photopolymer layer thickness d.
• the width of the Angle range in which the hologram is visible (reconstructed), for example in monochromatic illumination depends only on the layer thickness d.
• the width of the spectral range which contributes to the reconstruction of the hologram depends also only on the layer thickness d. In this case, the smaller the d the greater the acceptance widths. If you want to produce therefore bright and easily visible holograms, a high ⁇ and a small thickness d is desirable and in such a way that DE is as large as possible. That is, the higher ⁇ becomes, the more space for designing the layer thickness d for bright holograms is obtained without loss of DE. Therefore, the optimization of ⁇ is of paramount importance in the optimization of photopolymer formulations (P. Hariharan, Optical Holography, 2nd Edition, Cambridge University Press, 1996).
• the matrix polymers and the writing monomers of a photopolymer formulation should in principle be chosen so that they differ as much as possible in their refractive indices. In one embodiment, this means that matrix polymers having as low as possible and writing monomers having the highest possible refractive index are used.
• the high refractive index difference between matrix polymers and random monomers results in both components not being miscible to any degree, due to the structural differences in components expressed in refractive index difference.
• the usable amount of writing monomer in the photopolymer formulation is limited, since if it is exceeded, this leads to segregation of the components, which must absolutely be avoided. Otherwise, a medium from a corresponding formulation may lose its functionality, or a hologram written in such a medium may even be subsequently damaged or destroyed.
• the object of the present invention was therefore to provide a photopolymer formulation which, compared to known formulations, has a higher concentration
• the compounds of the formula (I) can be synthesized, for example, by reacting activated aromatic carboxylic acid derivatives such as acid chlorides with functionalized alcohols of the formula (IIa)
• two or three of the radicals R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 can be X radicals bound to the aromatic ring of the formula (II).
• the writing monomer of the formula (I) has a higher double bond density. This results in a higher reactivity, a higher conversion and a stronger chemical crosslinking of the Schreibmonomer component.
• the crosslinked random copolymer component thus obtained has a higher average molecular weight than a linear polymer based on a monofunctional writing monomer and is thus considerably more diffusion-stable and immobilized.
• a double bond functionality> 1.0 can also be set arbitrarily with the help of mixtures of mono- and higher double-bond-functional writing monomers.
• radicals of the formula (II) are present, that these are bonded in the meta or para position on the aromatic ring and when three radicals of the formula (II) are present, that they are each bonded in the meta position ,
• the organic radical has a radiation-curing group.
• a radiation-curing group is understood as meaning a functional group which polymerises under the action of actinic radiation. It is particularly preferred if the radiation-curing group is an acrylate or a methacrylate group.
• the writing monomer of the formula (I) also has an increased or further increased double bond density, which brings about the advantages already mentioned above.
• Particularly bright holograms can be obtained with photopolymer formulations containing random momers in which A is ethyl (-CH 2 -CH 2 -), propyl (-CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -), or butyl (-CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -), (-CH 2 -CH (CH) 3 -CH 2 ).
• the matrix polymers may in particular be polyurethanes.
• the polyurethanes are preferably obtainable by reacting an isocyanate component a) with an isocyanate-reactive component b).
• butylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 1,8-diisocyanato-4- (isocyanatomethyl) octane, 2,2,4- and / or 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate which are useful isomeric bis (4,4'-isocyanatocyclohexyl) methane and its mixtures with any desired isomer content, isocyanatomethyl-1, 8-octanediisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexylenediisocyanate, the isomeric cyclohexanedimethylene diisocyanates, 1,4-phenylenediisocyanate,
• the polyisocyanates of component a) are particularly preferably di- or oligomerized aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic di- or triisocyanates. Very particular preference is given to isocyanurates, uretdiones and / or iminooxadiazinediones
• HDI high-diisocyanato-4- (isocyanatomethyl) octane or mixtures thereof.
• NCO-functional prepolymers with urethane, allophanate, biuret and / or amide groups are obtained in a manner well-known to the person skilled in the art by reacting monomeric, oligomeric or polyisocyanates a1) with isocyanate-reactive compounds a2) in suitable stoichiometry with the optional use of catalysts and solvents.
• Suitable polyisocyanates a1) are all aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic di- and triisocyanates known to the person skilled in the art, it being immaterial whether these were obtained by phosgenation or by phosgene-free processes.
• the higher molecular weight secondary products which are well known to the person skilled in the art may also be more monomeric
• Diisocyanates and / or triisocyanates with urethane, urea, carbodiimide, acylurea, isocyanurate, allophanate, biuret, oxadiazinetrione, uretdione, iminooxadiazinedione structure are used in each case individually or in any desired mixtures with one another.
• Suitable monomeric di- or triisocyanates which can be used as component al) are butylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), trimethyl-hexamethylene-d ii so cy an (T MD I), 1, 8 Diisocyanato-4- (isocyanatomethyl) octane, isocyanatomethyl-l, 8-octane diisocyanate (TIN), 2,4- and / or 2,6-toluene diisocyanate.
• isocyanate-reactive compounds a2) for the construction of the prepolymers OH-functional compounds are preferably used. These are analogous to the OH-functional compounds as described below for component b).
• amines for prepolymer production.
• ethylenediamine diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, propylenediamine, diaminocyclohexane,
• Isocyanate is reacted in excess with amine to produce prepolymers containing biuret phenomenon, resulting in a biuret.
• Suitable amines in this case for the reaction with the di-, tri- and polyisocyanates mentioned are all oligomeric or polymeric, primary or secondary, difunctional amines of the abovementioned type.
• Preferred prepolymers are urethanes, allophanates or biurets of aliphatic isocyanate-functional compounds and oligomeric or polymeric isocyanate-reactive compounds having number average molecular weights of 200 to 10,000 g / mol, particular preference is given to urethanes,
• the prepolymers described above have residual contents of free monomeric isocyanate of less than 1 wt .-%, more preferably less than 0.5 wt .-% and most preferably less than 0.2 wt .-% to.
• the isocyanate component may contain proportionate addition to the described prepolymers further isocyanate components. Suitable for this purpose are aromatic, araliphatic, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic di-, tri- or polyisocyanates. It is also possible to use mixtures of such di-, tri- or polyisocyanates.
• polyisocyanates based on oligomerized and / or derivatized diisocyanates which have been freed of excess diisocyanate by suitable processes, in particular those of hexamethylene diisocyanate.
• suitable processes in particular those of hexamethylene diisocyanate.
• Particularly preferred are the oligomeric isocyanurates, uretdiones and iminooxadiazinediones of HDI and mixtures thereof.
• the isocyanate component a) contains proportionate isocyanates which are partially reacted with isocyanate-reactive ethylenically unsaturated compounds.
• isocyanate-reactive ethylenically unsaturated compounds ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives such as acrylates, methacrylates, maleate, fumarates, maleimides, acrylamides, and vinyl ether, propenyl ether, allyl ether and dicyclopentadienyl units containing compounds having at least one isocyanate-reactive group used.
• These are particularly preferably acrylates and methacrylates having at least one isocyanate-active group.
• hydroxy-functional acrylates or methacrylates are compounds such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, polyethylene oxide mono (meth) acrylates, polypropylene oxide mono (meth) acrylates, polyalkylene oxide mono (meth) acrylates, poly (s-caprolactone) mono (meth) acrylates, such as Tone ® Ml 00 (Dow, USA), 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropyl (meth) acrylate, the hydroxyfunctional mono-, D i- or tetra (meth) acrylates of polyhydric alcohols, such as trimethylolpropane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, ethoxylated, propoxylated or alkoxylated trimethylolpropane,
• isocyanate component a) may comprise complete or proportionate isocyanates which have been completely or partially reacted with blocking agents known to the person skilled in the art from coating technology.
• blocking agents which may be mentioned are: alcohols, lactams, oximes, malonic esters, alkyl acetoacetates,
• Suitable polyester polyols are, for example, linear polyester diols or branched polyester polyols, as are obtained in a known manner from aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic di- or polycarboxylic acids or their anhydrides with polyhydric alcohols having an OH functionality> 2.
• the polyester polyols can also be based on natural raw materials such as castor oil.
• polyester polyols are based on homopolymers or copolymers of lactones, as preferred by addition of lactones or lactone mixtures such as butyrolactone, ⁇ -caprolactone and / or methyl-s-caprolactone to hydroxy-functional compounds such as polyhydric alcohols of an OH functionality > 2, for example, the above-mentioned type can be obtained.
• Such polyester polyols preferably have number-average molar masses of from 400 to 4000 g / mol, particularly preferably from 500 to 2000 g / mol.
• Their OH functionality is preferably 1.5 to 3.5, more preferably 1.8 to 3.0.
• Suitable polycarbonate polyols are obtainable in a manner known per se by reacting organic carbonates or phosgene with diols or diol mixtures.
• Suitable organic carbonates are dimethyl, diethyl and diphenyl carbonate.
• Suitable diols or mixtures include the polyhydric alcohols of an OH functionality> 2, preferably 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol and / or of 3-methylpentanedione, which are known per se in the context of the polyester segments polyesterpolyols can be converted into polycarbonate polyols.
• Such polycarbonate polyols preferably have number-average molar masses of from 400 to 4000 g / mol, particularly preferably from 500 to 2000 g / mol.
• the OH functionality of these polyols is preferably 1.8 to 3.2, particularly preferably 1.9 to 3.0.
• the starter used may be the polyhydric alcohols of OH functionality> 2 mentioned in the context of the polyesterpolyols and also primary or secondary amines and amino alcohols.
• Preferred polyether polyols are those of the aforementioned type based solely on propylene oxide or random or block copolymers based on propylene oxide with further 1-alkylene oxides, wherein the 1-Alykenoxidanteil is not higher than 80 wt .-%.
• propylene oxide homopolymers and also random or block copolymers which contain oxyethylene, oxypropylene and / or oxybutylene units, the proportion of oxypropylene units, based on the total amount of all oxyethylene, oxypropylene and oxybutylene units, being at least 20% by weight at least 45% by weight.
• Oxypropylene and oxybutylene here include all respective linear and branched C3 and C4 isomers.
• Such polyether polyols preferably have number-average molar masses of from 250 to 10,000 g / mol, more preferably from 500 to 8,500 g / mol and very particularly preferably from 600 to 4500 g / mol.
• the OH functionality is preferably 1.5 to 4.0, particularly preferably 1.8 to 3.1.
• isocyanate-reactive compounds also low molecular weight, ie having molecular weights less than 500 g / mol, short-chain, ie 2 to 20 carbon atoms containing aliphatic, araliphatic or cycloaliphatic di, tri or polyfunctional alcohols suitable.
• These may, for example, be ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, 2-ethyl-2-butylpropanediol, trimethylpentanediol, positionally isomeric diethyloctanediols, 1 , 3-Butylene glycol, cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,2- and 1,4-cyclohexanediol, hydrogenated bisphenol A (2,2-bis (4-hydroxycyclohexyl) propane), 2,2 -
• Trimethylolethane Trimethylolpropane or glycerol
• Suitable higher-functionality alcohols are ditrimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol or sorbitol.
• the photoinitiators used are usually initiators which can be activated by actinic radiation and trigger polymerization of the corresponding polymerizable groups.
• Suitable isocyanate-functional compounds are aromatic, araliphatic, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic di-, tri- or polyisocyanates. It is also possible to use mixtures of such di-, tri- or polyisocyanates.
• the solids contents were determined either by applying about 1 g of substance to a special disposable aluminum dish, taking into account the operating instructions of the IR balance, and heating at 140 ° C. until there is constant weight for 30 seconds or approx. 1 g of substance to a special one Disposable aluminum tray is applied (suitable for systems with a maximum solvent content of 10 wt .-%) and heated at 125 ° C for 60 minutes in a drying oven.
• the substance to be determined is distributed using a suitably bent paper clip in such a way that a uniform drying of the film is ensured.
• the paperclip remains in the sample for measurement and must be taken into account when weighing.
• the refractive index was measured according to the nature of the example compound by one of the following two methods:
• the written holograms have now been read out in the following way.
• the shutter of the signal beam remained closed.
• the shutter of the reference beam was open.
• the iris diaphragm of the reference beam was closed to a diameter ⁇ 1 mm. It was thus achieved that for all rotation angles ( ⁇ ) of the medium, the beam was always located completely in the previously written hologram.
• the turntable computer controlled controlled the angular range from Q min to Q max with an angle increment of 0.05 °.
• ⁇ is measured from the sample standard to the reference direction of the turntable.
• Q recording 0 °.
• the interference field when writing the hologram:
• ⁇ is the half-angle in the laboratory system outside the medium and it applies to the writing 'hologram:
• the Bragg curve which describes the diffraction efficiency ⁇ as a function of the angle of rotation ⁇ , of the written hologram was measured and stored in a computer.
• the intensity transmitted in the zeroth order was also recorded against the angle of rotation ⁇ and stored in a computer.
• the maximum diffraction efficiency (DE r
• the refractive index contrast ⁇ and the thickness d of the photopolymer layer has now been measured by the Coupled Wave Theory (see H. Kogelnik, The Bell System Technical Journal, Volume 48, November 1969, Number 9 page 2909 - page 2947) to the measured Bragg curve and the angle profile the transmitted intensity determined.
• the still unknown angle ⁇ ' can be determined from the comparison of the Bragg condition of the interference field during writing of the hologram and the Bragg condition during reading of the hologram under the assumption that only thickness shrinkage takes place. Then: sin [sin (a 0 ) + sin ( ⁇ 0 ) - sin (9 0 + ⁇ reconstruction v is the lattice strength, ⁇ is the detuning parameter and ⁇ 'is the orientation (slant) of the refractive index lattice written a' and ⁇ 'correspond to the angles o and ⁇ o of the interference field in writing the hologram, but measured in the medium and valid for the lattice of the hologram (after thickness shrinkage), n is the average refractive index of the photopolymer and set to 1504, ⁇ is the wavelength of the Laser light in a vacuum.
• Hexane diisocyanate-based polyisocyanate proportion of iminooxadiazinedione at least 30%, NCO content: 23.5%.
• the aqueous phase was extracted three times with 0.25 L each of tert-butyl methyl ether.
• the organic phase was washed with 10% sodium bicarbonate solution, dried with sodium sulfate and filtered.
• Another 0.05 g of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol was added and distilled off from organic solvent. The product was obtained as a colorless oil.
• Comparative medium 1 5.927 g of the polyol component prepared as described above were mixed with 2.50 g of 2- [(phenylcarbamoyl) oxy] ethylprop-2-enoate (Comparative Example 1), 0.10 g of CGI 909 and 0.010 g of fresh methylene blue at 60 ° C. and 0.35 g of N-ethyl pyrilidone to give a clear solution. It was then cooled to 30 ° C, 1098 g Desmodur ® N 3900 added and mixed again. Finally, 0.006 g of Fomrez UL 28 was added and mixed again briefly. The resulting liquid mass was then placed on a glass plate and there with a second Covered glass plate, which was held by spacers to a distance of 20 ⁇ . This sample was allowed to stand for 12 hours at room temperature and cured.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
• Holo Graphy (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
• Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)

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