WO2011092917A1 - 分割環冷却構造およびガスタービン - Google Patents
分割環冷却構造およびガスタービン Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011092917A1 WO2011092917A1 PCT/JP2010/069054 JP2010069054W WO2011092917A1 WO 2011092917 A1 WO2011092917 A1 WO 2011092917A1 JP 2010069054 W JP2010069054 W JP 2010069054W WO 2011092917 A1 WO2011092917 A1 WO 2011092917A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- flow path
- side end
- divided body
- disposed
- Prior art date
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
- F02C7/16—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium
- F02C7/18—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium the medium being gaseous, e.g. air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
- F01D25/246—Fastening of diaphragms or stator-rings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
- F01D11/14—Adjusting or regulating tip-clearance, i.e. distance between rotor-blade tips and stator casing
- F01D11/20—Actively adjusting tip-clearance
- F01D11/24—Actively adjusting tip-clearance by selectively cooling-heating stator or rotor components
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
- F01D25/12—Cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
- F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/28—Arrangement of seals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/005—Sealing means between non relatively rotating elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/10—Stators
- F05D2240/11—Shroud seal segments
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
- F05D2260/205—Cooling fluid recirculation, i.e. after cooling one or more components is the cooling fluid recovered and used elsewhere for other purposes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cooling structure for a split ring applied to a gas turbine and a gas turbine.
- FIG. 6 shows an overall configuration diagram of the gas turbine.
- the gas turbine 1 includes a compressor 2 that compresses combustion air, a combustor 3 that injects and burns fuel FL into the compressed air sent from the compressor 2, and generates combustion gas.
- the turbine unit 4, the generator 6, the compressor 2, the turbine unit 4, and the generator 6, which are provided downstream of the combustion gas flow direction and are driven by the combustion gas FG exiting the combustor 3, are integrated. It is comprised with the rotating shaft 5 to fasten.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an internal structure relating to the turbine section 4 of the gas turbine 1.
- the gas turbine 1 supplies the combustion gas FG generated by the combustor 3 to the turbine stationary blade 7 and the turbine rotor blade 8, and rotates the turbine rotor blade 8 around the rotating shaft 5 to convert the rotational energy into electric power. is doing.
- the turbine stationary blades 7 and the turbine rotor blades 8 are alternately arranged from the upstream side to the downstream side in the flow direction of the combustion gas FG.
- a plurality of turbine rotor blades 8 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 5 and rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 5.
- FIG. 8 shows a cross section of the main part of a conventional split ring.
- the split ring 40 is composed of a plurality of split bodies 41 and is formed in an annular shape around the rotation shaft 5.
- the divided body 41 is supported in the vehicle compartment 47 via the hook 42 and the heat shield ring 46.
- the collision plate 44 supported from the heat shield ring 46 includes a plurality of small holes 45, and the cooling air CA supplied to the passenger compartment blows downward from the small holes 45, so that the main body (bottom surface) of the divided body 41 is formed. Cool impingement on top surface.
- the divided body 41 is provided with a plurality of cooling passages 57 and 58 in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 5 toward the upstream end face and the downstream end face in the flow direction of the combustion gas FG.
- the cooling air CA after impingement cooling flows to the upstream side and the downstream side in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 5 through the cooling flow paths 57 and 58 in the main body of the divided body 41, and the upstream end portion of the divided body 41. And the convection cooling is performed on the downstream end.
- a split ring 40 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the turbine rotor blade 8, and a certain gap is provided between the split ring 40 and the tip of the turbine rotor blade 8 in order to avoid mutual interference.
- the divided bodies 41 adjacent to each other are arranged so that the side end portions 51 and 52 face each other. Further, the turbine rotor blade 8 rotates from the right direction to the left direction on the paper surface of FIG. 9 about the rotation shaft 5 (rotation direction R). Further, in order to prevent the combustion gas FG from leaking from the gap G between the side end portions 51 and 52 to the vehicle compartment side, a seal plate 53 is inserted in the side end portions 51 and 52 in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 5. .
- the high-temperature combustion gas entrained by the rotation of the turbine rotor blade 8 stays on the inner peripheral side of the seal plate 53, the outer surface temperature of the divided body 41 rises, and oxidation is reduced at the corners of the divided body 41. Meat is easy to advance.
- the cooling flow paths 55 and 56 are arranged on both sides of the side end portions 51 and 52 of the adjacent divided bodies 41 so that the cooling air CA hits the side end portions 51 and 52 facing each other. is doing.
- the cooling air CA after impingement cooling the main body of the divided body is supplied to the side end portion 51 on the front side in the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 5, and the gap between the side end portions 51 and 52 via the cavity 54.
- a cooling flow passage 55 for blowing out into the G combustion gas is provided.
- a cooling flow path 56 for blowing cooling air CA after impingement cooling into the gap between the side end portions 51 and 52 is also provided at the side end portion 52 on the rear side in the rotation direction of the adjacent divided body 41. .
- the cooling flow paths 55 and 56 of the side end portions 51 and 52 on both sides are arranged so as to blow out toward the lower corners of the side end portions 51 and 52 of the adjacent divided bodies 41.
- the combination of the cooling flow channel 55 of the front side end 51 and the cooling flow channel 56 of the rear side end 52 allows the side ends 51 and 52 to be convectively cooled and the side ends 51 and 52 to be cooled.
- the staying gas in the gap portion is purged into the combustion gas FG, and the atmospheric gas is cooled, so that the corners of the side end portions 51 and 52 of the divided body 41 are prevented from being oxidized and thinned.
- Patent Document 1 shows an example of the above-described split ring cooling structure.
- the cooling structure of the gap G of the divided body 41 described above the atmospheric gas staying in the gap G between the side end portions 51 and 52 of the divided body 41 is cooled, and oxidation and thinning of the corners of the divided body 41 are performed.
- the amount of cooling air for purge is increased and the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine is lowered.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and prevents oxidation and thinning of the divided body 41 and reduces the amount of cooling air that cools the side end portions 51 and 52 of the divided body 41.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a split ring cooling structure and a gas turbine that improve the thermal efficiency of the entire turbine.
- the present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
- the divided ring cooling structure of the present invention includes a plurality of divided bodies arranged in an annular shape around a rotation axis, and a seal plate that seals a gap between opposing side end portions along the rotation axis direction of the adjacent divided bodies.
- the divided body is disposed in the axial direction of the rotation shaft of the main body of the divided body, and is disposed close to the side end portion on the rear side in the rotation direction.
- the first region cooling channel and the second region cooling channel disposed forward of the first region in the rotational direction and having a smaller channel cross-sectional area than the first region cooling channel.
- a first cooling flow path formed from the flow path and one side end in a direction substantially orthogonal to the first cooling flow path, and cooling air toward the side end of the adjacent divided body And a second cooling channel that blows out the air, and an axial direction of the rotary shaft outside the first cooling channel at the upstream end of the divided body in the radial direction.
- a cooling space surrounded by a collision plate having a plurality of small holes and a main body of the divided body and a first cavity disposed substantially orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotating shaft at the upstream end.
- a cooling passage in the first region, the cooling passage in the first region being disposed adjacent to the second cooling passage of the adjacent divided body.
- the cooling capacity of the cooling channel in the first region is increased and the rear in the rotation direction is increased.
- the cooling of the side end portion on the side is strengthened, and the cooling air blown out from the rear side end portion into the combustion gas in the gap portion can be omitted.
- the convection cooling of the side end portion is performed by bringing the cooling channel of the first region close to the side end portion, the film cooling by the cooling air blown out from the side end portion of the adjacent divided body is reinforced, The cooling performance in the vicinity of the corner of the part is further enhanced.
- the cooling of the divided body is further strengthened by providing the third cooling channel on the radially outer side of the upstream end portion of the divided body. Therefore, oxidation and thinning of the divided body, in particular, the corners of the side end portions are prevented, the amount of cooling air in the entire divided body is reduced, and the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine is improved.
- the present invention relates to a gas turbine formed from a plurality of divided members arranged annularly around a rotating shaft, and a seal plate that seals a gap between opposing side end portions along the rotating shaft direction of the adjacent divided members.
- the divided ring cooling structure according to claim 1 wherein the divided body is disposed in an axial direction of a rotation shaft of a main body of the divided body, and is disposed in the vicinity of a side end portion on a rear side in the rotation direction. And a cooling channel in a second region that is disposed forward of the cooling channel in the first region in the rotational direction and has a larger arrangement pitch than the cooling channel in the first region.
- a first cooling flow path and a second cooling flow path that is disposed at one side end in a direction substantially orthogonal to the first cooling flow path and blows cooling air toward the side end of the adjacent divided body And provided in the axial direction of the rotary shaft outside the first cooling channel at the upstream end of the divided body in the radial direction, A third cooling flow that connects a cooling space surrounded by a body body and a collision plate having a large number of small holes and a first cavity disposed substantially orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotation shaft at the upstream end.
- a cooling channel in the first region is disposed adjacent to the second cooling channel of the adjacent divided body.
- the cooling capacity of the cooling passages in the first region is increased and rotated.
- the cooling of the side end on the rear side in the direction is strengthened, and the cooling air blown out from the side end on the rear side into the combustion gas in the gap portion can be omitted.
- the convection cooling of the side end portion is performed by bringing the cooling channel of the first region close to the side end portion, the film cooling by the cooling air blown out from the side end portion of the adjacent divided body is reinforced, The cooling performance in the vicinity of the corner of the part is further enhanced.
- the cooling of the divided body is further strengthened by providing the third cooling flow path above the upstream end portion of the divided body. Therefore, oxidation and thinning of the divided body, in particular, the corners of the side end portions are prevented, the amount of cooling air in the entire divided body is reduced, and the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine is improved.
- the second cooling channel of the present invention may be disposed at least at a side end portion on the front side in the rotation direction of the rotation shaft.
- the side end portion on the front side in the rotational direction which is likely to become high temperature, is cooled, and oxidation and thinning in the vicinity of the side end portion on the front side can be prevented.
- the second cooling flow path of the present invention may be provided with an inclination that blows out toward the lower corner of the side end of the adjacent divided body.
- the second cooling flow path has a downward inclination
- the blown out cooling air hits the lower corner of the adjacent side end, and the vicinity of the corner of the divided body is film-cooled. Oxidation and thinning of exposed corners can be prevented.
- the present invention may include a structure in which the first cooling channel and the third cooling channel are folded back in the axial direction of the rotating shaft via the first cavity, and the first cooling channel is connected to the first cavity. You may arrange
- the first cooling channel and the third cooling channel have a structure in which the first cooling channel and the third cooling channel are folded back in the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the third cooling channel passes through the split body main body in the axial direction. Since the end is open to the downstream end, a long cooling channel is formed in the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the divided body is efficiently cooled, and the amount of cooling air can be further reduced.
- the present invention may be a gas turbine provided with the above-described split ring cooling structure.
- the cooling air amount of the split ring is reduced and the air amount can be optimized, so that the thermal efficiency of the entire gas turbine is improved.
- oxidation and thinning of the side end of the main body of the divided body can be prevented, and the amount of cooling air at the side end can be reduced.
- segmentation ring is reduced, and the thermal efficiency of the whole gas turbine improves.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a split ring according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of the divided body according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the divided body according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the divided body according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the side end portion of the divided body (detailed portion A of FIG. 3).
- FIG. 6 shows the overall configuration of the gas turbine.
- FIG. 7 shows the internal structure of the turbine section.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a conventional split ring.
- FIG. 9 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of a side end portion of a conventional divided body.
- Example 1 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIGS. 5 to 7.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the main part of a split ring of a gas turbine.
- the split ring 10 is a constituent member of the turbine unit 4 supported by the casing 47 and includes a plurality of split bodies 11 that are arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 5 and have an annular shape.
- the divided body 11 is arranged such that a certain gap is secured between the inner peripheral surface 12 b of the main body (bottom plate) 12 of the divided body 11 and the tip 8 a of the turbine rotor blade 8. Yes.
- the divided body 11 is made of, for example, a heat resistant nickel alloy.
- the main body 12, the hook 42, and the collision plate 44 are the main components of the divided body 11.
- the divided body 11 is attached to the heat shield ring 46 via hooks 42 provided on the upstream side and the downstream side in the flow direction of the combustion gas FG, and is supported in the vehicle compartment 47 via the heat shield ring 46.
- the divided body 11 includes a main body 12, a collision plate 44, a hook 42, and side end portions 18 and 19 provided on the front side and the rear side in a direction substantially orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 5 (see FIG. 2).
- the cooling space 32 is a space formed in the divided body 11 and in contact with the upper surface 12 a side of the main body of the divided body 11.
- the upper part of the cooling space 32 is partitioned by a collision plate 44, and the collision plate 44 is provided with a large number of small holes 45 through which the cooling air CA passes.
- a receiving space 31 into which the cooling air CA in the passenger compartment 47 is introduced through the supply hole 48 is disposed outside the collision plate 44 in the radial direction.
- the cooling air CA supplied into the receiving space 31 is blown into the cooling space 32 from the small holes 45 in a state where the pressure is uniformly equalized to substantially the same pressure, and impinges the upper surface 12a of the main body 12 of the divided body 11. Cooling.
- FIG. 2 is a plan cross-sectional view of the divided body 11 when the direction of the rotation axis is viewed from the outside of the vehicle compartment 47.
- the cooling structure of the main body of the divided body 11 will be described with reference to FIG.
- a first cavity 20 is disposed in the upstream end portion 16 on the upstream side in the flow direction of the combustion gas FG and in a direction substantially orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 5.
- a plurality of main body cooling channels 21 penetrates the main body 12 of the divided body 11 from the first cavity 20 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 5, and is downstream on the downstream side in the flow direction of the combustion gas FG. It opens to the end surface 17a.
- an upstream end cooling channel 26 (third cooling channel) that connects the cooling space 32 and the first cavity 20 is disposed at the upstream end portion 16 of the divided body 11.
- the main body cooling channel 21 (first cooling channel) communicates with the first cavity 20.
- an upstream end cooling channel 26 (third cooling channel) is disposed outside the main body 12 of the divided body 11 in the radial direction, and the upstream end cooling channel 26 (third cooling channel) is arranged.
- a main body cooling channel 21 (first cooling channel) is arranged inside in the radial direction.
- main body cooling flow path 21 first cooling flow path
- upstream end cooling flow path 26 third cooling flow path
- main body cooling flow path 21 first cooling flow path
- upstream end cooling flow path 26 third cooling flow path
- the first cavity 20 serves as a manifold that connects the main body cooling channel 21 (first cooling channel) and the upstream end cooling channel 26 (third cooling channel).
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the divided body 11 as viewed from the direction of the rotation axis 5.
- the main body cooling channel 21 (first cooling channel) is formed of a plurality of multi-hole type cooling channels, and the first region cooling channel 24 having a large channel cross-sectional area and the first region cooling channel.
- the cooling channel 25 is formed in the second region having a channel cross-sectional area smaller than 24.
- the main body cooling channel 21 (first cooling channel) includes a cooling channel 25 in the second region and a cooling channel in the first region from the side end 18 on the front side in the rotational direction to the side end 19 on the rear side. Arranged in the order of 24.
- the number of cooling channels 24 in the first region may be one or more.
- the range of the cooling flow path 24 arranged in the first area is indicated by area Z1, and the range of the cooling flow path 25 arranged in the second area is indicated by area Z2.
- the cooling flow path 24 in the first region is arranged in parallel with the side end portion 19 in the vicinity of the side end portion 19 on the rear side in the rotational direction, in particular, the lower corner portion 19a of the side end portion 19.
- the cooling flow path 24 in the first region is the axial direction of the rotating shaft 5, like the cooling flow path 25 in the second region, and one end communicates with the first cavity 20, and the other end is the downstream end surface 17 a. Open in the combustion gas.
- the main body cooling flow path 21 (first cooling flow path) has a circular flow path, and has the same arrangement from the upstream side (upstream side end) to the downstream side (downstream side end) in the flow direction of the combustion gas. It is desirable to arrange at a pitch.
- the channel shape may be an elliptical shape, a rectangular shape, or a slit-like long hole shape. Except for the cooling channel 24 in the first region, the opening area of each channel has the same cross-sectional area.
- the side end 18 of the divided body 11 on the front side in the rotation direction R of the rotating shaft 5 is connected to the second cavity 22 from the cooling space 32 through the communication path 27, and the second cavity
- a side end cooling flow path 23 (second cooling flow path) communicating from 22 to the combustion gas FG is disposed.
- the side end cooling channel 23 (second cooling channel) is arranged in a direction substantially orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 5, but the cooling channel (inclined with respect to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 5) ( (Slope channel).
- the side end cooling flow path 23 (second cooling flow path) has a circular flow path, has the same hole diameter, and the same arrangement pitch from the upstream side to the downstream side in the flow direction of the combustion gas FG. It is desirable to arrange.
- the channel shape may be an elliptical shape, a rectangular shape, or a slit-like long hole shape.
- FIG. 5 shows an enlarged cross section near the side end portion of the adjacent divided body 11.
- the side ends 18 and 19 of the divided body 11 arranged so as to face each other rotate so that the combustion gas does not leak from the gap G formed between the side ends 18 and 19 to the vehicle compartment 47 side.
- a seal plate 53 is disposed in the axial direction of the shaft 5.
- the cooling air CA after impingement cooling is supplied from the cooling space 32 to the second cavity 22 through the communication path 27 to the side end 18 on the front side in the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 5.
- a side end cooling channel 23 (second cooling channel) that is blown out into the combustion gas in the gap G portion between the side ends 18 and 19 is provided.
- the side end cooling flow path 23 (second cooling flow path) has a downward inclination toward the front side in the rotational direction so that the blown out cooling air CA hits the corner 19a of the side end 19 of the adjacent divided body 11. I have.
- the cooling air CA blown to the corner 19a of the side end 19 flows along the lower surface of the divided body 11 from the vicinity of the corner 19a of the side end in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. Playing a role.
- the side edge portion 19 on the rear side in the rotation direction of the adjacent divided body 11 does not include a cooling channel that blows out directly to the gap G portion as shown in Patent Document 1 described above, and the cooling channel in the first region. 24 is disposed in the vicinity of the lower corner 19a of the side end 19 on the rear side. That is, the outer surface in the vicinity of the corner 19a of the side end 19 on the rear side in the rotation direction of the divided body is the side end cooling channel 23 (second cooling channel) of the side end 18 of the adjacent divided body 11.
- the film is cooled by the cooling air CA blown from the side, and the side end 19 itself is convectively cooled by the cooling channel 24 in the first region.
- the cooling method of the split ring and the cooling air supply method in the present embodiment will be described below.
- the cooling air CA from the passenger compartment 47 is supplied to each divided body through the supply hole 48.
- the cooling air is blown into the cooling space 32 from the small holes 45 of the collision plate 44 arranged in the divided body, and impingement cools the upper surface of the divided body 12.
- the cooling air CA after impingement cooling is supplied from the upstream end cooling channel 26 (third cooling channel) to the first cavity 20
- the upper part of the upstream end 16 is convectively cooled.
- the cooling air CA supplied to the first cavity 20 flows through the main body cooling flow path 21 (first cooling flow path) penetrating the main body 12 of the divided body 11 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 5, and reaches the downstream end face.
- the main body 12 is convectively cooled when discharged into the combustion gas from 17a. Since the cooling flow path 24 in the first region is closer to the side end portion 19 on the rear side in the rotation direction of the rotary shaft 5 than the cooling flow path 25 in the second region, and the flow passage cross-sectional area is large, The cooling capacity is larger than that of the cooling channel 25. Therefore, the cooling effect in the vicinity of the corner portion 19a of the side end portion 19 on the rear side is great.
- the cooling air CA supplied from the cooling space 32 to the second cavity 22 is supplied to the side end cooling channel 23 (second cooling channel) and discharged to the gap portion G of the divided body 11,
- the side end 22 on the front side is convectively cooled, and the combustion gas in the gap G is purged to cool the ambient gas.
- the cooling air CA is discharged from the side end cooling flow path 23 (second cooling flow path) having a downward inclination, and blown to the corner 19a of the side end 19 on the rear side of the adjacent divided body 11. Then, the vicinity of the corner 19a and the inner peripheral surface of the downstream divided body 11 are film-cooled.
- the side end 18 on the front side in the rotational direction is convectively cooled by the cooling air CA from the side end cooling flow path 23 (second cooling flow path).
- the side end 19 on the opposite rear side of the adjacent divided body 11 is divided into the film cooling effect and the division in the vicinity of the corner 19a by the cooling air CA blown out from the side end cooling channel 23 (second cooling channel).
- the convection cooling effect by the cooling flow path 24 in the first region disposed in the side end portion 19 on the rear side of the body 11 is combined in a superimposed manner, so that the vicinity of the rear side end portion 19 is efficiently cooled. .
- the side edge cooling channel 23 (second cooling channel) of the gap G portion of the divided body 11 and the cooling channel 24 of the first region of the adjacent divided body 11 are combined on both sides of the gap G portion.
- the cooling performance of the end portions 18 and 19 is improved, and the amount of cooling air is reduced.
- the divided body 11 has a folded back structure in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 5 by a combination of the main body cooling flow path 21 (first cooling flow path) and the upstream end cooling flow path 26 (third cooling flow path).
- the cooling performance of the divided body 11 is further improved. That is, the combustion gas FG flowing around the divided body 11 has the highest combustion gas pressure in the vicinity of the upstream end on the upstream side in the flow direction of the combustion gas FG, and the combustion gas pressure in the vicinity of the downstream end face on the downstream side. The lowest. Therefore, in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 5, the cooling space 32 flows through the upstream end cooling flow path 26 (third cooling flow path) and is supplied to the first cavity 20, and further the main body cooling flow path 21 (first cooling flow path).
- the cooling air CA discharged from the downstream end surface 17a through the air) makes maximum use of the differential pressure between the cooling air CA supplied from the vehicle compartment 47 side and the cooling air discharged from the downstream end surface.
- the main body cooling flow path 21 (first cooling flow path) arranged in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 5 uses the maximum differential pressure and the cooling flow path is longest in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 5. Since it can be formed, the cooling performance is high and the amount of cooling air can be reduced as compared with the prior art. That is, the amount of cooling air flowing through the main body cooling flow path 21 (first cooling flow path) is axial in comparison with the cooling flow paths 57 and 58 arranged in the axial direction within the main body of the divided body 11 shown in FIG. The amount of cooling air is reduced by extending the length of the flow path and using the maximum differential pressure.
- the cooling air CA flowing through the main body cooling channel 21 cools the upstream end 16 and the main body 12 by convection after the main body 12 of the divided body 11 is impingement cooled, and the rear side. Since the vicinity of the side end 19 on the side is convectively cooled, the cooling air is reused as much as possible, and the main body of the divided body 11 is efficiently cooled.
- the cooling channel 57 at the upstream end is opened at the upstream end surface where the combustion gas pressure is the highest, so that the differential pressure from the cooling air CA is sufficiently high. Since the cooling air CA is discharged into the combustion gas FG without being usable, the amount of cooling air increases, and the cooling performance is reduced as compared with the present invention.
- the cooling flow path 24 in the first region constitutes a part of the main body cooling flow path 21 (first cooling flow path), and the cooling capacity is enhanced by increasing the cross-sectional area of the flow path, and the side end on the rear side.
- the cooling capacity 19 close to the side end 19 is enhanced. That is, it is equivalent to the prior art by eliminating the blown air to the gap G portion of the rear side end portions 18 and 19 and using the air used for the cooling air CA flowing through the cooling passage 24 in the first region.
- the cooling air amount of the divided body can be reduced while having the cooling capacity of.
- the cooling air which blows out directly from the cooling flow path 56 of the side end portion 19 on the rear side in the rotational direction shown in Patent Document 1 to the gap between the side end portions 18 and 19 is in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the turbine blade 8.
- the loss of the turbine rotor blade 8 is eliminated by eliminating the cooling passage 56, and the thermal efficiency of the turbine is improved. There is.
- the atmospheric gas in the gap G portion between the side end portions 18 and 19 is purged, and the temperature of the atmospheric gas decreases. Further, as described above, the cooling capacity of the gap G portion between the side end portions 18 and 19 of the divided body 11 is enhanced, and the amount of cooling air is reduced. As a result, oxidation and thinning in the vicinity of the side end portions 18 and 19 of the divided body 11 are prevented, the amount of cooling air in the entire divided body 11 is reduced, and the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine is improved.
- Example 2 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
- the present embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment except that the configuration of the cooling channel 24 in the first region is different. That is, the cooling channel 24 in the first region is circular in shape and arranged with the same hole diameter as the cooling channel 25 in the second region. The difference is that the cooling capacity is increased by making it smaller than the flow path 25.
- the cooling channel may have an elliptical shape, a rectangular shape, or a slit-like long hole shape. Except for the channel 24 in the first region, the opening area of each channel has the same cross-sectional area.
- the cooling structure shown in FIG. 5 can be applied except for the configuration of the cooling flow path 24 in the first region of the divided body 11.
- the present embodiment is the same as the first embodiment in that the cooling capacity of the cooling flow path 24 in the first region is larger than that of the cooling flow path 25 in the second region. Same as 1.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but includes modifications and improvements as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved.
- the split ring cooling structure and gas turbine of the present invention it is possible to prevent oxidation and thinning of the side end of the main body of the split body, and to reduce the amount of cooling air at the side end. Thereby, the cooling air quantity of the whole division
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Abstract
Description
ガスタービン1は、燃焼器3で発生させた燃焼ガスFGをタービン静翼7及びタービン動翼8に供給し、タービン動翼8を回転軸5の廻りに回転させて、回転エネルギーを電力に変換している。タービン静翼7およびタービン動翼8は、燃焼ガスFGの流れ方向の上流側から下流側に向かって交互に配置されている。また、タービン動翼8は、回転軸5の周方向に複数配置され、回転軸5と一体となって回転している。
本発明の分割環冷却構造は、回転軸廻りに環状に配設された複数の分割体と、隣接する該分割体の回転軸方向に沿う対向する側端部の隙間をシールするシール板とから形成されるガスタービンの分割環冷却構造であって、前記分割体は、該分割体の本体の回転軸の軸方向に配設され、回転方向の後方側の側端部に近接して配設された第1領域の冷却流路と、該第1領域の冷却流路より回転方向の前方側に配設され、前記第1領域の冷却流路より流路断面積が小さい第2領域の冷却流路と、から形成される第1冷却流路と、該第1冷却流路に略直交する方向の一方の側端部に配設され、隣接する分割体の側端部に向かって冷却空気を吹き出す第2冷却流路と、前記分割体の上流側端部の前記第1冷却流路より径方向の外側で回転軸の軸方向に設けられ、前記分割体の本体と多数の小孔を備えた衝突板に囲まれた冷却空間と前記上流側端部において回転軸の軸方向に略直交して配設された第1キャビティを連結する第3冷却流路と、を備え、前記第1領域の冷却流路は、隣接する分割体の第2冷却流路に近接して配設されている。
分割環10は、車室47に支持されたタービン部4の構成部材であって、回転軸5の周方向に配設されて環状をなす複数の分割体11で構成される。分割体11は、背景技術で説明したように、分割体11の本体(底板)12の内周面12bとタービン動翼8の先端8aの間に一定の隙間が確保されるように配置されている。分割体11は、たとえば耐熱性ニッケル合金等から形成されている。
図2に示すように、回転軸5の回転方向Rの前方側の分割体11の側端部18には、冷却空間32から連絡路27を介して第2キャビティ22に接続され、第2キャビティ22から燃焼ガスFG中に連通する側端部冷却流路23(第2冷却流路)が配置されている。側端部冷却流路23(第2冷却流路)は回転軸5の軸方向に略直交する方向に配置されているが、回転軸5の軸方向に対して傾きを備えた冷却流路(傾斜流路)であってもよい。
図5は、隣接する分割体11の側端部近傍の拡大断面を示している。互いに対向するように配置された分割体11の側端部18、19には、側端部18、19の間に形成される隙間Gから燃焼ガスが車室47側に漏れないように、回転軸5の軸方向にシール板53が配置されている。また、回転軸5の回転方向の前方側の側端部18には、インピンジメント冷却後の冷却空気CAが冷却空間32から連絡路27を介して第2キャビティ22に供給され、第2キャビティ22から側端部18、19の隙間G部分の燃焼ガス中に吹き出す側端部冷却流路23(第2冷却流路)が配設されている。側端部冷却流路23(第2冷却流路)は、吹き出した冷却空気CAが隣接する分割体11の側端部19の角部19aにあたるように、回転方向の前方側に下向きの傾きを備えている。側端部19の角部19aに吹き付けられた冷却空気CAは、図5の矢印で示す方向に側端部の角部19a近傍から分割体11の下面に沿って流れ、角部近傍をフィルム冷却する役割を果たしている。
2 圧縮機
3 燃焼器
4 タービン部
5 回転軸
6 発電機
7 タービン静翼
8 タービン動翼
10、40 分割環
11、41 分割体
12 本体
16 上流側端部
17 下流側端部
17a下流側端面
18、19、51、52 側端部
20 第1キャビティ
21 本体冷却流路(第1冷却流路)
22 第2キャビティ
23 側端部冷却流路(第2冷却流路)
24 第1領域の冷却流路
25 第2領域の冷却流路
26 上流端冷却流路(第3冷却流路)
27 連絡路
31 受入空間
32 冷却空間
42 フック
44 衝突板
45 小孔
46 遮熱環
47 車室
48 供給孔
53 シール板
54 キャビティ
55、56、57、58 冷却流路
Claims (9)
- 回転軸廻りに環状に配設された複数の分割体と、隣接する該分割体の回転軸方向に沿う対向する側端部の隙間をシールするシール板とから形成されるガスタービンの分割環冷却構造であって、
前記分割体は、
該分割体の本体の回転軸の軸方向に配設され、回転方向の後方側の側端部に近接して配設された第1領域の冷却流路と、該第1領域の冷却流路より回転方向の前方側に配設され、前記第1領域の冷却流路より流路断面積が小さい第2領域の冷却流路と、から形成される第1冷却流路と、
該第1冷却流路に略直交する方向の一方の側端部に配設され、隣接する分割体の側端部に向かって冷却空気を吹き出す第2冷却流路と、
前記分割体の上流側端部の前記第1冷却流路より径方向の外側で回転軸の軸方向に設けられ、前記分割体の本体と多数の小孔を備えた衝突板に囲まれた冷却空間と前記上流側端部において回転軸の軸方向に略直交して配設された第1キャビティを連結する第3冷却流路と、
を備え、
前記第1領域の冷却流路は、隣接する分割体の第2冷却流路に近接して配設されている分割環冷却構造。 - 前記第2冷却流路は、少なくとも回転軸の回転方向の前方側の側端部に配設される請求項1に記載の分割環冷却構造。
- 前記第2冷却流路は、隣接する分割体の側端部の下側の角部に向かって吹き出すような傾きを備える請求項1に記載の分割環冷却構造。
- 前記第1冷却流路と前記第3冷却流路は、前記第1キャビティを介して回転軸の軸方向に折り返した構造を備え、前記第1冷却流路は、前記第1キャビティから前記分割体の本体を回転軸の軸方向に貫通して、下流側端面に開口するように配置されている請求項1に記載の分割環冷却構造。
- 回転軸廻りに環状に配設された複数の分割体と、隣接する該分割体の回転軸方向に沿う対向する側端部の隙間をシールするシール板とから形成されるガスタービンの分割環冷却構造であって、
前記分割体は、
該分割体の本体の回転軸の軸方向に配設され、回転方向の後方側の側端部に近接して配設された第1領域の冷却流路と、該第1領域の冷却流路より回転方向の前方側に配設され、前記第1領域の冷却流路より配列ピッチが大きい第2領域の冷却流路と、から形成される第1冷却流路と、
該第1冷却流路に略直交する方向の一方の側端部に配設され、隣接する分割体の側端部に向かって冷却空気を吹き出す第2冷却流路と、
前記分割体の上流側端部の前記第1冷却流路より径方向の外側で回転軸の軸方向に設けられ、前記分割体の本体と多数の小孔を備えた衝突板に囲まれた冷却空間と前記上流側端部において回転軸の軸方向に略直交して配設された第1キャビティを連結する第3冷却流路と、
を備え、
前記第1領域の冷却流路は、隣接する分割体の第2冷却流路に近接して配設されている分割環冷却構造。 - 前記第2冷却流路は、少なくとも回転軸の回転方向の前方側の側端部に配設される請求項5に記載の分割環冷却構造。
- 前記第2冷却流路は、隣接する分割体の側端部の下側の角部に向かって吹き出すような傾きを備える請求項5に記載の分割環冷却構造。
- 前記第1冷却流路と前記第3冷却流路は、前記第1キャビティを介して回転軸の軸方向に折り返した構造を備え、前記第1冷却流路は、前記第1キャビティから前記分割体の本体を回転軸の軸方向に貫通して、下流側端面に開口するように配置されている請求項5に記載の分割環冷却構造。
- 請求項1から請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の分割環冷却構造を備えたガスタービン。
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WO2004057159A1 (en) * | 2002-12-23 | 2004-07-08 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Cooling a turbine shroud segment abnd reusing the cooling air |
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JP2953842B2 (ja) * | 1991-12-16 | 1999-09-27 | 東北電力株式会社 | タービン静翼 |
EP1022437A1 (de) * | 1999-01-19 | 2000-07-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Bauteil zur Verwendung in einer thermischen Machine |
JP3999395B2 (ja) * | 1999-03-03 | 2007-10-31 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | ガスタービン分割環 |
GB0117110D0 (en) * | 2001-07-13 | 2001-09-05 | Siemens Ag | Coolable segment for a turbomachinery and combustion turbine |
US7306424B2 (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2007-12-11 | United Technologies Corporation | Blade outer seal with micro axial flow cooling system |
US7670108B2 (en) * | 2006-11-21 | 2010-03-02 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Air seal unit adapted to be positioned adjacent blade structure in a gas turbine |
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2010
- 2010-01-26 JP JP2010014356A patent/JP4634528B1/ja active Active
- 2010-10-27 WO PCT/JP2010/069054 patent/WO2011092917A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2010-10-27 KR KR1020127001741A patent/KR101280625B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2010-10-27 US US12/913,397 patent/US8480353B2/en active Active
- 2010-10-27 EP EP10844671.7A patent/EP2530279B1/en active Active
- 2010-10-27 CN CN2010800317327A patent/CN102472169B/zh active Active
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JP2004100682A (ja) | 2002-09-06 | 2004-04-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | ガスタービンの分割環 |
WO2004057159A1 (en) * | 2002-12-23 | 2004-07-08 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Cooling a turbine shroud segment abnd reusing the cooling air |
JP2007516375A (ja) * | 2003-07-10 | 2007-06-21 | スネクマ | ガスタービンの静止リングのための冷却回路 |
US20060182622A1 (en) * | 2005-02-17 | 2006-08-17 | Power Systems Mfg. Llc | Shroud Block with Enhanced Cooling |
JP2009501860A (ja) * | 2005-07-20 | 2009-01-22 | プラット アンド ホイットニー カナダ コーポレイション | ベーンアウタシュラウドにおけるタービンシュラウドセグメントのインピンジメント冷却 |
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See also references of EP2530279A4 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2530279A1 (en) | 2012-12-05 |
KR20120038975A (ko) | 2012-04-24 |
JP4634528B1 (ja) | 2011-02-23 |
EP2530279B1 (en) | 2015-03-18 |
US8480353B2 (en) | 2013-07-09 |
JP2011153540A (ja) | 2011-08-11 |
CN102472169B (zh) | 2013-07-10 |
EP2530279A4 (en) | 2013-11-06 |
CN102472169A (zh) | 2012-05-23 |
KR101280625B1 (ko) | 2013-07-01 |
US20110182724A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
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