WO2011081247A1 - 다중 대역 전력증폭기 - Google Patents
다중 대역 전력증폭기 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011081247A1 WO2011081247A1 PCT/KR2010/000732 KR2010000732W WO2011081247A1 WO 2011081247 A1 WO2011081247 A1 WO 2011081247A1 KR 2010000732 W KR2010000732 W KR 2010000732W WO 2011081247 A1 WO2011081247 A1 WO 2011081247A1
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- Prior art keywords
- power amplifier
- load
- amplifier
- band
- frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/189—High frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
- H03F3/19—High frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/191—Tuned amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/56—Modifications of input or output impedances, not otherwise provided for
- H03F1/565—Modifications of input or output impedances, not otherwise provided for using inductive elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/60—Amplifiers in which coupling networks have distributed constants, e.g. with waveguide resonators
- H03F3/602—Combinations of several amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/68—Combinations of amplifiers, e.g. multi-channel amplifiers for stereophonics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/72—Gated amplifiers, i.e. amplifiers which are rendered operative or inoperative by means of a control signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/111—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the amplifier being a dual or triple band amplifier, e.g. 900 and 1800 MHz, e.g. switched or not switched, simultaneously or not
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/378—A variable capacitor being added in the output circuit, e.g. collector, drain, of an amplifier stage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/387—A circuit being added at the output of an amplifier to adapt the output impedance of the amplifier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/417—A switch coupled in the output circuit of an amplifier being controlled by a circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/421—Multiple switches coupled in the output circuit of an amplifier are controlled by a circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/423—Amplifier output adaptation especially for transmission line coupling purposes, e.g. impedance adaptation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements covered by H03F3/00
- H03F2203/72—Indexing scheme relating to gated amplifiers, i.e. amplifiers which are rendered operative or inoperative by means of a control signal
- H03F2203/7209—Indexing scheme relating to gated amplifiers, i.e. amplifiers which are rendered operative or inoperative by means of a control signal the gated amplifier being switched from a first band to a second band
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power amplifier and to a multi-band power amplifier that can operate in several frequency bands.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-band power amplifier that operates in several frequency bands and can reduce the area occupied by the circuit.
- the multi-band power amplifier for amplifying the input signal; A matching network circuit for performing impedance matching between the power amplifier and the load; And an auxiliary amplifier supplying a predetermined current to the load.
- the multi-band power amplifier may further include a transmission line for changing the magnitude and phase of the current output from the auxiliary amplifier.
- the multi-band power amplifier may further include a switch for interrupting the current supplied to the load.
- the switch may be set to an off state at a first frequency and to an on state at a second frequency.
- the impedance seen by the power amplifier from the load side may be set to be the same at the first frequency and at the second frequency.
- the current output from the auxiliary amplifier may be set such that the impedance seen from the power amplifier by the load side is the same at the first frequency and at the second frequency.
- the current output from the auxiliary amplifier may be set according to the bias circuit of the auxiliary amplifier.
- the multi-band power amplifier for amplifying the input signal;
- a matching network circuit for performing impedance matching between the power amplifier and the load;
- An auxiliary amplifier supplying a predetermined current to the load;
- a transmission line for changing the magnitude and phase of the current from the auxiliary amplifier;
- a switch for interrupting a current additionally supplied to the load.
- the switch may be provided between the transmission line and the output terminal of the power amplifier.
- the switch may be provided between the auxiliary amplifier and the transmission line.
- the multi-band power amplifier for amplifying the input signal;
- a matching network circuit for performing impedance matching between the power amplifier and the load;
- An auxiliary amplifier supplying a predetermined current to the load;
- a band selector which selects an operating frequency band of the multi-band power amplifier;
- a bias adjuster configured to adjust the magnitude of the current output from the auxiliary amplifier according to the frequency band selected by the band selector.
- the multi-band power amplifier may further include a transmission line for changing the magnitude and phase of the current output from the auxiliary amplifier.
- the bias adjustment unit may adjust the magnitude of the current output from the auxiliary amplifier by adjusting the bias of the auxiliary amplifier.
- the multi-band power amplifier may further include a switch for controlling a current additionally supplied to the load.
- the band selector may generate a control signal for controlling the bias adjuster to adjust the magnitude of the current output from the auxiliary amplifier by adjusting the bias of the auxiliary amplifier according to the selected frequency band.
- the band selector may generate a control signal for adjusting the impedance of the impedance matching circuit included in the power amplifier according to the selected frequency band.
- the impedance matching circuit is composed of a multi-stage switch and different impedance elements connected to each stage of the multi-stage switch, and the control signal can adjust the impedance by controlling the multi-stage switch.
- the impedance matching circuit may include a variable capacitor, and the control signal may adjust the impedance by adjusting the capacitance of the variable capacitor therebetween.
- the present invention described above it is possible to operate the power amplifier in a plurality of frequency bands, it is possible to implement a multi-band as an impedance matching circuit of one power amplifier and the output stage has the advantage that the area occupied by the circuit is small.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a schematic principle of a multi-band power amplifier provided by the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram for explaining in more detail the principle of the multi-band power amplifier provided by the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a multi-band power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 4 and 5 show an example of a circuit diagram of the power amplifier 10 and the matching network circuit 20.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a multi-band power amplifier according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG 8 illustrates an example of the input matching circuit 110 and the interstage matching circuit 130.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a schematic principle of a multi-band power amplifier provided by the present invention.
- PA2 represents a power amplifier for amplifying an input signal
- Z LOAD represents a load of a power amplifier
- PA1 represents an auxiliary amplifier for supplying additional current to Z LOAD .
- current I 2 is supplied to the load from the power amplifier and current I 1 is further supplied from the auxiliary amplifier.
- the load Z LOAD_N looking at Z LOAD in the power amplifier is represented by the following equation.
- Z LOAD_N can be changed in response to changes in operating frequency by appropriately selecting the magnitude and phase of current I 1 from the auxiliary amplifier for multi-band operation.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram for explaining in more detail the principle of the multi-band power amplifier provided by the present invention.
- Z LOAD is simplified as a resistor R
- PA1 and PA2 represented as current sources are converted into voltage sources V1 and V2, respectively.
- a transmission line connected in series with the voltage source V1 is added.
- the characteristic impedance and electrical length of the transmission line are Z T and ⁇ .
- the load viewed from V1 is represented by Z 1
- the load viewed from the transmission line is represented by Z 1T
- the load viewed from V2 is represented by Z 2 .
- Equation 2 is expressed as follows.
- V 1T and I 1T are obtained as follows.
- Z 1 is obtained as follows according to the characteristics of the transmission line.
- I 1T can be obtained from Equations 4 and 5 as follows.
- Equation 6 From Equation 6 and Equation 1, Z 1T can be obtained as follows.
- Equation 7 Substituting Equation 7 into Equation 9, V 2 is expressed as follows.
- Equation 7 Substituting Equation 7 into Equation 5, Z 1 is represented as follows.
- V 1 is represented as follows.
- Equation 16 indicates that Z 2, which is a load line of the power amplifier, is determined according to ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ . Therefore, even if the operating frequency is changed by adjusting ⁇ , ⁇ , or ⁇ , that is, by adjusting the current, the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, or the electrical length, a constant load line may be formed in the power amplifier to realize a multi-band power amplifier. .
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a multi-band power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the multi-band power amplifier includes a power amplifier 10 for amplifying an input signal, a matching network circuit 20 for performing impedance matching between the power amplifier 10 and the load Z 0 ,
- the auxiliary amplifier unit 30 for supplying a predetermined current to the load (Z 0 ), the transmission line 40 for changing the magnitude and phase of the current output from the auxiliary amplifier unit 30, the transmission line 40 and A switch 50 is provided between the output terminals of the power amplifier 10 to further control a current supplied to the load Z 0 .
- auxiliary amplifier 30 may also be a conventional amplifier circuit including a general bias circuit for determining the output current.
- the impedance of the load Z 0 is typically 50 ⁇ , but may have any impedance.
- the switch 50 may include an output terminal of the transmission line 40 and the power amplifier 10. Although provided between, alternatively, provided between the auxiliary amplifier 30 and the transmission line 40 may additionally interrupt the current supplied to the load Z 0 .
- the multi-band power amplifier operates by setting the switch 50 to an off state at a specific frequency f 1 , and setting the switch 50 to an on state at another specific frequency f 2 . To operate. At this time, by appropriately selecting the magnitude and phase of the current additionally supplied to the load Z 0 by the bias circuit of the auxiliary amplifier 30 and the transmission line 40, the power amplifier 10 at the frequency f 2 .
- the impedance Z 2 facing the load side can be equal to that at frequency f 1 .
- Z R_f1 R '
- Z R_f2 the frequency f 2 at a frequency f 1 R.
- the switch 50 is on state, when power amplifier impedance as seen by the load-side in (10) Z 2 (Z 2_LOAD_f2 ) at a frequency f 2, as with expression following equation:
- the multi-band power amplifier according to the present embodiment may be operated at both the frequency f 1 and the frequency f 2 according to the on / off state of the switch 50.
- the real part of Z 2_LOAD_f2 can be equal to the real part of Z 2_LOAD_f1.
- ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ satisfying the above equation may be selected.
- ⁇ and ⁇ are already determined according to the characteristic impedance and the electrical length of the transmission line 40, so it is sufficient to select ⁇ as an appropriate value, and ⁇ determines the current I 1 from the auxiliary amplifier 30. Therefore, by adjusting the current I 1 , the operating frequency of the multi-band power amplifier when the switch 50 is in the on state can be adjusted.
- the magnitude of the current I 1 may be adjusted by using the bias circuit of the auxiliary amplifier 30.
- Z 0 50 ⁇
- Z 2_LOAD_f2 a multi-band power amplifier to operate at the same load lines in the frequency f 2 is if any of the following equation.
- the current I 1 at m1 is about 52mA
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a multi-band power amplifier according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the multi-band power amplifier includes a power amplifier 100 for amplifying an input signal, a matching network circuit 300 for performing impedance matching between the power amplifier 100 and the load Z 0 , Additionally, the load (Z 0), the auxiliary amplifier 200, a transmission line (400) for varying the magnitude and phase of the current output from the auxiliary amplifier section 200 for supplying a predetermined current, the additional load (Z 0)
- the switch 500 for controlling the current supplied to the band, the band selector 600 for selecting the operating frequency band of the multi-band power amplifier, the auxiliary amplifier 200 according to the frequency band selected by the band selector 600 It includes a bias adjustment unit 700 for adjusting the bias to determine the magnitude of the current output from the auxiliary amplifier 200.
- the switch 500 is turned off when the multi-band power amplifier is to operate at the original operating frequency band of the power amplifier 100, and is turned on when it is operated at other operating frequencies.
- the power amplifier 100 includes a two-stage amplifying circuit of the first amplifier 120 and the second amplifier 140, and therefore, the input matching circuit 110 performs impedance matching between the input terminal and the first amplifier 120. ) And an interstage matching circuit 130 that performs impedance matching between the first amplifier 120 and the second amplifier 140.
- the power amplifier 100 is a two-stage amplifying circuit, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be implemented as any type of multistage amplifying circuit.
- the auxiliary amplifier 200 includes a two-stage amplification circuit of the first amplifier 220 and the second amplifier 240, and the input matching circuit 210 performs impedance matching between the input terminal and the first amplifier 220. And an interstage matching circuit 230 that performs impedance matching between the first amplifier 220 and the second amplifier 240.
- the auxiliary amplifier 200 may also be implemented as any type of multi-stage amplification circuit.
- the band selector 600 selects an operating frequency band according to a user's command or a command input from the outside, and generates a control signal corresponding to the selected frequency band.
- the control signal has a control signal (V b, V c) to the control signal (V a) and the power amplifier 100 to the bias adjusting unit 700, as shown.
- V b, V c control signal
- M control bits may be required in the band selector 600 to generate corresponding control signals.
- the control signal (V a) to the bias adjustment unit 700 is controlled to the bias adjuster 700 adjusts the bias of the auxiliary amplifier unit 200 according to frequency bands. That is, the bias adjuster 700 may include a first amplifier 220 and a second amplifier included in the auxiliary amplifier 200 to output a current having a predetermined magnitude in response to the control signal. Adjust the bias at 240. The magnitude of each current of the auxiliary amplifier 200 according to the frequency band is determined such that the impedance seen from the output terminal of the power amplifier 100 is equal to each frequency band.
- the control signals V b and V c to the power amplifier 100 adjust the impedances of the input matching circuit 110 and the interstage matching circuit 130, which are impedance matching circuits of the power amplifier 100.
- the input matching circuit 110 and the interstage matching circuit 130 are composed of a multi-stage switch and different impedance elements connected to each stage of the multi-stage switch, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), and a control signal controls the multistage switch. This allows the impedance to be adjusted. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8B, the impedance may be adjusted by allowing the control signal to adjust the capacitance of the variable capacitor using the variable capacitor.
- the power amplifier can be operated in a plurality of predetermined frequency bands.
- the output impedance can be adjusted with a small amount of current output from the auxiliary amplifier, and the multi-band can be implemented as an impedance matching circuit of one power amplifier and the output stage, thereby reducing the area occupied by the circuit.
Abstract
Description
Claims (18)
- 입력신호를 증폭하는 전력증폭부;상기 전력증폭부와 부하 사이에서 임피던스 매칭을 수행하는 매칭 네트워크 회로; 및상기 부하에 추가적으로 소정의 전류를 공급하는 보조증폭부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 보조증폭부로부터 출력되는 전류의 크기와 위상을 변화시키기 위한 전송선로를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 부하에 추가적으로 공급되는 전류를 단속하기 위한 스위치를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 스위치는 제1 주파수에서는 오프 상태로 설정되고 제2 주파수에서는 온 상태로 설정되는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 전력증폭부에서 상기 부하 쪽을 바라본 임피던스가 상기 제1 주파수에서와 상기 제2 주파수에서 동일한 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 전력증폭부에서 상기 부하 쪽을 바라본 임피던스가 상기 제1 주파수에서와 상기 제2 주파수에서 동일하도록 상기 보조증폭부에서 출력되는 전류가 설정되는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 보조증폭부의 바이어스 회로에 따라서 상기 보조증폭부에서 출력되는 전류가 설정되는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 입력신호를 증폭하는 전력증폭부;상기 전력증폭부와 부하 사이에서 임피던스 매칭을 수행하는 매칭 네트워크 회로;상기 부하에 추가적으로 소정의 전류를 공급하는 보조증폭부;상기 보조증폭부로부터의 전류의 크기와 위상을 변화시키기 위한 전송선로; 및상기 부하에 추가적으로 공급되는 전류를 단속하기 위한 스위치를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 스위치는 상기 전송선로와 상기 전력증폭부의 출력단 사이에 마련되는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 스위치는 상기 보조증폭부와 상기 전송선로 사이에 마련되는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 다중 대역 전력 증폭기에 있어서,입력신호를 증폭하는 전력증폭부;상기 전력증폭부와 부하 사이에서 임피던스 매칭을 수행하는 매칭 네트워크 회로;상기 부하에 추가적으로 소정의 전류를 공급하는 보조증폭부;상기 다중 대역 전력증폭기의 동작 주파수 대역을 선택하는 대역 선택부; 및상기 대역 선택부에서 선택된 주파수 대역에 따라 상기 보조증폭부로부터 출력되는 전류의 크기를 조정하는 바이어스 조정부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 보조증폭부로부터 출력되는 전류의 크기와 위상을 변화시키기 위한 전송선로를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 바이어스 조정부는 상기 보조증폭부의 바이어스를 조정하여 상기 보조증폭부로부터 출력되는 전류의 크기를 조정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 부하에 추가적으로 공급되는 전류를 단속하기 위한 스위치를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 대역 선택부는 상기 바이어스 조정부가 상기 선택된 주파수 대역에 따라 상기 보조증폭부의 바이어스를 조정하여 상기 보조증폭부로부터 출력되는 전류의 크기를 조정하도록 제어하는 제어 신호를 생성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 대역 선택부는 상기 선택된 주파수 대역에 따라 상기 전력증폭부에 포함된 임피던스 매칭 회로의 임피던스를 조정하기 위한 제어 신호를 생성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 제16항에 있어서,상기 임피던스 매칭 회로는 다단 스위치 및 상기 다단 스위치의 각 단과 연결된 서로 다른 임피던스 소자들로 이루어지고, 상기 제어 신호는 상기 다단 스위치를 제어함으로써 임피던스를 조정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
- 제16항에 있어서,상기 임피던스 매칭 회로는 가변 커패시터를 포함하고, 상기 제어 신호는 사이 가변 커패시터의 커패시턴스를 조정함으로써 임피던스를 조정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 대역 전력증폭기.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/519,715 US8884692B2 (en) | 2009-12-30 | 2010-02-05 | Multi-band power amplifier |
EP10841081.2A EP2528229A4 (en) | 2009-12-30 | 2010-02-05 | MULTI-BAND POWER AMPLIFIER |
CN201080060062.1A CN102714487B (zh) | 2009-12-30 | 2010-02-05 | 多频带功率放大器 |
JP2012545826A JP5382894B2 (ja) | 2009-12-30 | 2010-02-05 | 多重帯域電力増幅器 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020090133675A KR101087629B1 (ko) | 2009-12-30 | 2009-12-30 | 다중 대역 전력증폭기 |
KR10-2009-0133675 | 2009-12-30 |
Publications (1)
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US (1) | US8884692B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP2528229A4 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP5382894B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR101087629B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN102714487B (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2011081247A1 (ko) |
Cited By (1)
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CN112469144A (zh) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-09 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | 一种基于移动基站的可重构四波段功率放大器 |
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US9231536B2 (en) * | 2011-07-24 | 2016-01-05 | Ethertronics, Inc. | Multi-mode multi-band self-realigning power amplifier |
KR101412869B1 (ko) * | 2012-10-31 | 2014-06-26 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 전력 증폭기, 및 그 동작 방법 |
WO2015001828A1 (ja) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-08 | 株式会社村田製作所 | フロントエンド回路 |
US9590569B2 (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2017-03-07 | Skyworks Solutions, Inc. | Systems, circuits and methods related to low power efficiency improvement in multi-mode multi-band power amplifiers |
CN104617893B (zh) * | 2014-12-31 | 2017-10-24 | 深圳市华信天线技术有限公司 | 多频带射频功率放大器 |
US10205425B2 (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2019-02-12 | Qorvo Us, Inc. | Variable gain low noise amplifier |
JP2021170722A (ja) * | 2020-04-15 | 2021-10-28 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 電力増幅回路 |
WO2023141444A1 (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2023-07-27 | Qorvo Us, Inc. | Hybrid predistortion in a wireless transmission circuit |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8884692B2 (en) | 2014-11-11 |
CN102714487B (zh) | 2016-06-08 |
EP2528229A1 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
KR101087629B1 (ko) | 2011-11-30 |
US20120286876A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
JP5382894B2 (ja) | 2014-01-08 |
KR20110077186A (ko) | 2011-07-07 |
JP2013516101A (ja) | 2013-05-09 |
CN102714487A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
EP2528229A4 (en) | 2013-08-21 |
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