WO2011074064A1 - 数値制御工作機械 - Google Patents
数値制御工作機械 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011074064A1 WO2011074064A1 PCT/JP2009/070866 JP2009070866W WO2011074064A1 WO 2011074064 A1 WO2011074064 A1 WO 2011074064A1 JP 2009070866 W JP2009070866 W JP 2009070866W WO 2011074064 A1 WO2011074064 A1 WO 2011074064A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
- G05B19/4061—Avoiding collision or forbidden zones
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
- G05B2219/35316—Interference checking between tool, machine, part, chuck, machining range
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
- G05B2219/49147—Retract on collision with moving object, tool follows, yields to object
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
- G05B2219/49157—Limitation, collision, interference, forbidden zones, avoid obstacles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a numerically controlled machine tool.
- an interference check between the tool post and the holding means for holding the workpiece is performed.
- holding means there are jigs such as chucks, claws, and vice.
- a chuck barrier is set on the XZ plane of each chuck and claw, the tool post or tool blade is moved on the XZ plane, and the tool post or tool edge becomes the chuck barrier. It is determined whether or not an intrusion has occurred (see Patent Document 1). Parameters necessary for setting the chuck barrier are set at the time of shipment of the numerically controlled machine tool. For this reason, the user can perform the interference check only by setting the nail shape.
- the interference check is invalidated before the machining program is executed. That is, the check barrier is released in order to allow the cutting edge of the tool to enter between the claws. For this reason, the operator needs to perform an interference check over the entire process of the machining program by visual observation. This may cause interference between the tool rest and the holding means due to carelessness of the operator.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method for turning on and off an interference check between a cutting tool and a non-safe area by a program. According to this method, it is determined whether or not the part program to be executed is a regular part program created in a regular procedure manual based on whether or not a specific code is written in the part program. Yes. In the case of a regular part program, the movement of the cutting tool is not automatically stopped even when the cutting tool interferes with the non-safe area.
- Patent Document 3 is a publication showing the technical level at the time of filing.
- the object of the present invention is to perform an interference check when processing the first product without increasing the burden on the operator, and by reflecting the result in the program, it is possible to safely process two or more items. It is to provide a numerically controlled machine tool.
- a holding unit that holds a workpiece
- a barrier setting unit that sets a barrier with respect to the holding unit
- a processing unit that processes the workpiece
- a moving means for moving the processing means
- a control means for controlling the movement of the moving means in accordance with a processing program for processing the workpiece
- an interference check for stopping the movement of the moving means when it is determined that the processing means interferes with the barrier of the holding means.
- a numerically controlled machine tool is provided. The numerically controlled machine tool determines that there is interference by the operation means for inputting the barrier release instruction for releasing the barrier set for the holding means and the interference check means, and the movement of the moving means is stopped.
- a writing unit for writing a barrier release instruction to invalidate the interference check by the interference check unit is provided in the machining program determined to have interference based on the operation of the operation unit.
- the interference check unit omits the interference check for the portion in which the barrier release instruction is written.
- the movement of the processing means is stopped immediately before the barrier or on the boundary line of the barrier.
- the operator determines that the machining means does not interfere with the holding means
- a barrier that invalidates the interference check of the interference check means in the machining program by the writing means.
- a release instruction is written. For this reason, from the machining of the workpiece after the next two items, it was determined in the first product machining that there is no interference between the holding means and the machining means, that is, the interference check means has interference. Even at the location, the interference check is invalidated at the location where the barrier release instruction is written.
- the processing means stops near the holding means.
- the machining program includes one or a plurality of steps, and the writing unit releases the barrier at the step determined to have interference at the end of the step determined to have interference.
- An instruction can also be written.
- the barrier release instruction can be written at the end of the process on the machining program.
- the writing unit may write the barrier release instruction using the tool change command as a process break when there is a tool change command during the process.
- the tool change command can be used as a process break, and the barrier release instruction can be written at the end of the process.
- the holding means is a chuck provided on the main shaft, and the barrier is a chuck barrier set with respect to the chuck.
- the interference of the processing unit with the chuck in the interference check unit in the process in which the safety without interference between the chuck and the processing unit is confirmed after the next processing, that is, in the step in which the barrier release instruction is written, the interference of the processing unit with the chuck in the interference check unit.
- the check can be disabled.
- the holding means may be a jig provided on the table, and the barrier may be a jig barrier set for the jig.
- the processing means for the jig in the interference check means Interference check can be disabled.
- (A)-(c) is explanatory drawing of nail
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a system of an NC processing device 50 and an NC control device 100 constituting a numerically controlled machine tool.
- the NC control device 100 is composed of a computer.
- the NC control device 100 includes a main control unit 110 composed of a CPU.
- the main control unit 110 includes a machining program memory 112, a system program memory 115, a buffer memory 120, an operation storage memory 125, a storage unit 130, an input operation unit 150 having a keyboard, a liquid crystal display device, and the like via a bus line 105.
- a display device 155, various control units 160, 170, 180, a barrier setting calculation unit 190, and the like are connected.
- the machining program memory 112, the buffer memory 120, and the operation storage memory 125 are random access memories (RAM) that can be read and written.
- the system program memory 115 is a read-only read only memory (ROM).
- the storage unit 130 includes a hard disk and a readable / writable storage device.
- the storage unit 130 includes a nail shape data storage unit 135 and a chuck shape data storage unit 140.
- the storage unit 130 stores product shape data, material data, tool data, machining conditions, and machine tool data.
- Product shape data is data for defining product shape.
- Product shape data is data represented by coordinate values in a three-dimensional space.
- the material data is data related to the shape data and material of the material.
- the tool data is data relating to a tool (tool) held by the tool post 54.
- the tool data is data relating to a tool including a turning tip, a tool type such as a drill, an end mill, and a face mill, a nominal dimension, and a material.
- the tool held by the tool post 54 is a processing means.
- the machining conditions are data relating to the feed amount of the tool, the cutting speed, and the like. For example, in the case of a turning tip, the feed amount of the tool is a feed amount per one rotation.
- the machining conditions are set for each tool in accordance with machining steps such as roughing and finishing, the material quality, and the tool material.
- the machine tool data is, for example, data relating to the type of machine tool such as a machining center or a lathe and its structure.
- the nail shape data storage unit 135 stores various nail shape data. As shown in FIG. 2, the nail shape data is dimension data of each part constituting the nail 60.
- the nail shape data regarding the outer nail and the inner nail will be described with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B show the outer claws, and FIG. 2C shows the inner claws.
- the nail shape data of the outer nail includes dimensions indicated by A to E and dimensions indicated by A to G.
- the nail shape data of the inner nail has dimensions indicated by A to E.
- A is the height of the nail combining the nail base 61 and the work gripping part 62 protruding from the base 61.
- B is the height of the nail corresponding to the workpiece gripping surface 63 of the workpiece gripping portion 62.
- C is a length corresponding to the distance between the workpiece gripping surface 63 of the workpiece gripping portion 62 and the outer surface of the base portion 61, and is a length along the radial direction of the workpiece spindle.
- D is a length corresponding to the distance between the inner side surface of the base portion 61 and the workpiece gripping surface 63 of the workpiece gripping portion 62, and is a length along the radial direction of the workpiece spindle.
- E is the thickness of the claw 60.
- F is a length along the outer surface of the workpiece gripping portion 62 opposite to the workpiece gripping surface 63, and is the height of the workpiece gripping portion 62 protruding from the base portion 61.
- G is a length corresponding to the distance between the outer surface of the workpiece gripper 62 opposite to the workpiece gripping surface 63 and the outer surface of the base 61.
- the nail shape data is stored in the nail shape data storage unit 135 in association with the type of nail when the operator operates the input operation unit 150.
- the chuck shape data is shape data of the chuck 58 of the work spindle 56 shown in FIG.
- the shape data of the chuck 58 includes an outer diameter ⁇ of the chuck 58, an inner diameter ⁇ of the chuck, and a width ⁇ of the chuck.
- the shape data is registered in the chuck shape data storage unit 140.
- the barrier setting calculation unit 190 corresponds to barrier setting means for setting and calculating the chuck barrier CB.
- the chuck barrier is automatically set around the chuck 58 and the claw 60 in order to prevent tool interference when the workpiece W is gripped and processed by the claw 60.
- the chuck 58 and the claw 60 correspond to a holding unit that holds the workpiece W.
- the nail shape data and the chuck shape data associated with the selected nail are read from the chuck shape data storage unit 140 and the nail shape data storage unit 135, respectively. Used to set the chuck barrier.
- the input means operated when selecting the nail shape may be a touch panel type selection button displayed on the screen of the display device 155 instead of the input operation unit 150 having a keyboard.
- the workpiece inner / outer diameter of the workpiece W gripped by the claw is also input, or the workpiece inner / outer diameter is automatically read from the machining program and used for setting the chuck barrier. Is done.
- the chuck barrier is automatically set by the NC control device 100 based on the data related to the chuck barrier when the machining program is executed.
- FIG. 3 shows the chuck barrier BR corresponding to the outer claw.
- FIG. 4 shows the chuck barrier BR corresponding to the inner claw.
- the maximum outer diameter G0 and inner diameter dimensions G1 and G2 of the claw 60 (outer claw) shown in FIG. 3 are calculated based on data registered in the claw shape data storage unit 135 in advance as claw shape data and the workpiece outer diameter.
- the maximum outer diameter dimension H0 and inner diameter dimensions H1 and H2 of the claw 60 (inner claw) shown in FIG. 4 are also calculated based on the data previously registered in the claw shape data storage unit 135 as the claw shape data and the workpiece inner diameter. .
- the chuck barrier BR is a tool entry prohibition area, and is a space area set so as to cover the entire claw 60 and chuck 58. By setting the chuck barrier BR, the tool is prevented from interfering with the chuck and the claws.
- the display device 155 is formed by a touch panel screen. During execution of the machining program, a cycle start touch area for instructing cycle start and a barrier release touch area for instructing barrier release are displayed on the screen. The display device 155 corresponds to an operation unit.
- the machining control unit 160 outputs control commands according to the machining program stored in the machining program memory 112 to the spindle control unit 170 that rotationally drives the workpiece spindle 56 and the tool post control unit 180 that controls the tool post 54.
- the machining program memory 112 corresponds to machining program storage means.
- the processing control unit 160 corresponds to a control unit, a writing unit, and an interference check unit.
- the spindle control unit 170 controls the rotation of the spindle motor 175 based on the control command.
- the tool post controller 180 controls a plurality of tool post drive motors 185.
- FIG. 1 shows only one tool post driving motor 185 for convenience of explanation.
- the tool post 54 is movable along the Z axis and the X axis orthogonal to the Z axis by a plurality of tool post drive motors 185.
- the tool rest 54 can be moved by the tool rest driving motor 185 along the Y axis perpendicular to the X axis and the Z axis and around the B axis centering on the Y axis.
- movement along each axis of the tool post 54 is referred to as axial movement.
- Axial movement includes movement along the X, Y, and Z axes and turning about the B axis.
- the tool post driving motor 185 corresponds to a moving unit.
- the NC machining apparatus 50 includes a tool post 54 and a work spindle 56 installed on a frame 52.
- a chuck 58 is provided on the work spindle 56.
- the chuck 58 is provided with a plurality of claws 60 that can hold the workpiece W.
- the work spindle 56 can be rotated by a spindle motor 175 about an axis CT1 parallel to the Z axis.
- a tool holder 65 to which the rotary tool 70 can be attached and detached is formed on the tool post 54.
- a machining program for machining a work W held by the claw 60 (outer claw) with a rotary tool 70 such as a mill between the claw and the claw is stored in the machining program memory 112. Has been.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a machining program executed by the machining control unit 160.
- the barrier setting calculation unit 190 sets and calculates the chuck barrier BR.
- the machining control unit 160 clears the barrier release status in the operation storage memory 125 in S10. In S12, the machining control unit 160 executes the axis movement of the tool post 54 for each block of the machining program.
- the processing control unit 160 determines whether or not the barrier is invalid according to the barrier release instruction. Specifically, the processing control unit 160 determines whether or not the barrier is invalid depending on whether or not a barrier release instruction is written in the block being executed. If the barrier is invalid, the process jumps to S36. If the barrier is not disabled, the process proceeds to S16. When machining a workpiece for the first time, since the barrier release instruction is not written in the block being executed and the barrier is not disabled, the machining control unit 160 proceeds from S14 to S16.
- the machining control unit 160 moves the tool rest and tool by moving the tool rest 54 with respect to the chuck barrier BR set and calculated by the barrier setting calculation unit 190 in S16. It is determined whether or not the interference occurs.
- the machining control unit 160 determines that the tool rest or the tool tip is moved when the tool rest or the tool moves on the XZ plane. It is determined whether or not the chuck barrier BR has entered, that is, has interfered with the chuck barrier BR.
- the cutting edge of the tool interferes with the chuck barrier BR, but in reality, it is determined whether or not the tool post 54 and the tool barrier 54 also interfere with the chuck barrier BR.
- the processing control unit 160 proceeds to S32. If it is determined in S16 that the chuck is interfering with the chuck barrier, the processing control unit 160, in S18, the tool rest 54 so that the rotary tool 70 stops immediately before the chuck barrier BR or on the boundary line of the chuck barrier BR. Stops axis movement. In step S20, the processing control unit 160 displays an alarm message on the display device 155 and activates the alarm device. Then, the alarm display by the display device 155 and the ringing of the warning device prompt the operator to visually check the interference.
- the machining control unit 160 ends the machining program.
- the reset button may be provided on a touch panel screen provided in the display device 155.
- the operator determines that S24 Then, the barrier release storage operation is performed. Specifically, the operator touches the barrier release storage touch area displayed on the screen of the display device 155. In step S26, the operator touches the cycle start touch area displayed on the screen of the display device 155. When the barrier release storage touch area and the cycle start touch area are touched, the process control unit 160 increments the count value of the barrier release status in the operation storage memory 125 by 1, and returns to S12.
- the process control unit 160 determines whether or not the process is completed in S32.
- the machining program is composed of one or a plurality of processes, and one process is composed of a sequence composed of a single block or a sequence composed of a plurality of blocks. Each sequence is given a sequence number. If the block being executed is a code indicating that it is the last of the sequence, or if it is a tool change command code, the machining control unit 160 has completed one process by the axis movement of the tool post 54 executed this time. Is determined. If the process control unit 160 determines in S32 that the process has not been completed, the process control unit 160 returns to S12. If it is determined that the process has been completed, the process control unit 160 proceeds to S34, and determines whether or not the count value of the barrier release status in the operation storage memory 125 is zero.
- the processing control unit 160 proceeds to S38.
- the process control unit 160 writes the barrier release instruction stored in the operation storage memory 125, that is, the barrier release instruction in a block corresponding to a process whose barrier release status count value is not zero.
- the machining program modified by writing the barrier release instruction is registered in the machining program memory 112. Thereafter, the processing control unit 160 proceeds to S36.
- the processing control unit 160 proceeds to S36.
- the machining control unit 160 determines whether there is a sequence to be executed next in the machining program. That is, the machining control unit 160 determines whether or not the machining program is finished. If the machining program is not finished, the process control unit 160 returns to S10, and if the machining program is finished, the machining program 160 is finished.
- the processing control unit 160 invalidates the interference check.
- the operator processes a barrier release instruction by teaching if there is no actual interference between the chuck 58 and the claw 60 that holds the workpiece and the rotary tool at the time of machining the first product.
- the program can be written, and a program for invalidating the function of preventing the interference between the chuck 58 and the claw 60 and the rotary tool can be easily created in the processing of two or more items.
- the processing control unit 160 writes a barrier release instruction in the block of the processing program corresponding to the process at the end of the process determined to have interference. Thereby, said effect is realizable.
- a machining program when a machining program is created in an interactive language, the process delimiters are not clearly shown on the program.
- Such a machining program is known, for example, from Patent Document 3, but in such a machining program, for example, when changing to a different machining mode, a tool conversion command for a tool used in the next machining mode is written. ing.
- the tool change command may be treated as a process break and a barrier release command may be written.
- the chuck 58 of the work spindle 56 and the claw 60 of the chuck 58 are holding means, and barriers are set for the chuck 58 and the claw 60, respectively.
- the operator confirms that the chuck 58 and the claw 60 do not interfere with the rotary tool 70, and the barrier release instruction is written in the block.
- the machining control unit 160 can invalidate the interference check of the rotary tool 70 with respect to the chuck 58 and the claw 60.
- the display device 155 including a touch panel screen is an operation unit for inputting a barrier release instruction.
- the input operation unit 150 may be provided with a barrier release button.
- the display device 155 may be configured to display a barrier release button and to be able to operate the barrier release with a key operation or a pointing device.
- the holding means is a chuck and a claw, but is not limited thereto.
- the holding means may be a vise 210 as a jig provided on the table 200.
- the workpiece W is sandwiched between the pair of vises 210.
- a chuck barrier BR is set in a region where interference with the rotary tool 70 and the tool post 54 is predicted.
- a recess 214 may be formed in advance as shown in FIG. 9 in order to avoid interference with the vise 210 during processing.
- the interference check for the jig barrier set in the vise 210 is executed using the XYZ plane shown in FIG.
- the NC control device stops the axis movement of the tool post 54 when it is determined that there is interference.
- the operator presses the barrier release storage button and cycle start displayed on the touch panel display device 155 to set the barrier release status + 1.
- the release status is set as described above, a barrier release instruction is written in the sequence of the corresponding process in the machining program at the end of the process. In this case as well, the same effects as in the present embodiment can be obtained.
Abstract
Description
上記の数値制御工作機械において、前記書込み手段は、前記工程中に工具交換指令がある場合に、前記工具交換指令を工程の区切りとして前記バリア解除指示を書き込むこととすることもできる。
上記の数値制御工作機械において、保持手段は、主軸に設けられたチャックであり、バリアは、チャックに対して設定されたチャックバリアであることが好ましい。
この構成によれば、次加工からは、治具と加工手段との干渉がない安全が確認されている工程、すなわち、バリア解除指示が書き込まれた工程では、干渉チェック手段における治具に対する加工手段の干渉チェックが無効化できる。
外爪及び内爪に関する爪形状データについて図2(a)、(b)を参照して説明する。図2(a),(b)は外爪を示し、図2(c)は内爪を示す。
加工制御部160は、干渉有りと判定した工程の終了時に、その工程に対応する加工プログラムのブロックにバリア解除指示を書き込む。これにより、上記の効果を実現できる。
・本実施形態において、タッチパネル式の画面を含む表示装置155がバリア解除指示を入力するための操作手段であったが、入力操作部150にバリア解除ボタンを設けてもよい。又、表示装置155は、バリア解除ボタンを表示すると共に、キー操作やポインティングデバイスでバリア解除を操作できるように構成してもよい。
Claims (5)
- ワークを保持する保持手段と、前記保持手段に対してバリアを設定するバリア設定手段と、前記ワークを加工する加工手段と、前記加工手段を移動させる移動手段と、前記ワークを加工する加工プログラムに従って前記移動手段の移動を制御する制御手段と、前記加工手段が前記保持手段のバリアに干渉すると判定した場合に前記移動手段の移動を停止させる干渉チェック手段とを含む数値制御工作機械において、
前記保持手段に対して設定されたバリアを解除するためのバリア解除指示を入力するための操作手段と、
前記干渉チェック手段により干渉有りと判定されて前記移動手段の移動が停止された場合、前記操作手段の操作に基づき、前記干渉有りと判定された前記加工プログラムに、前記干渉チェック手段による干渉チェックを無効化すべく前記バリア解除指示を書き込む書込み手段とを備え、
前記干渉チェック手段は、前記バリア解除指示が書き込まれた加工プログラムを実行する場合、前記バリア解除指示が書き込まれた箇所について前記干渉チェックを省略することを特徴とする数値制御工作機械。 - 請求項1記載の数値制御工作機械において、
前記加工プログラムは単数、又は複数の工程を含み、
前記書込み手段は、前記干渉有りと判定された工程の終了時に、前記干渉有りと判定された工程に前記バリア解除指示を書き込むことを特徴とする数値制御工作機械。 - 請求項2記載の数値制御工作機械において、 前記書込み手段は、前記工程中に工具交換指令がある場合に、前記工具交換指令を工程の区切りとして前記バリア解除指示を書き込むことを特徴とする数値制御工作機械。
- 請求項1~3のうちいずれか一項に記載の数値制御工作機械において、
前記保持手段は、主軸に設けられたチャックであり、前記バリアは、前記チャックに対して設定されたチャックバリアであることを特徴とする数値制御工作機械。 - 請求項1~3のうちいずれか一項に記載の数値制御工作機械において、
前記保持手段は、テーブルに設けられた治具であり、前記バリアは、前記治具に対して設定された治具バリアであることを特徴とする数値制御工作機械。
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US13/513,988 US9229443B2 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2009-12-15 | Numerical control machine tool |
CN2009801628960A CN102667650B (zh) | 2009-12-15 | 2009-12-15 | 数控机床 |
EP09852260.0A EP2515190B1 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2009-12-15 | Numerical control machine tool |
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JP2014024150A (ja) * | 2012-07-26 | 2014-02-06 | Disco Abrasive Syst Ltd | 加工装置及び加工装置の取扱説明書 |
JP2015210585A (ja) * | 2014-04-24 | 2015-11-24 | スター精密株式会社 | 工作機械、及び、解釈実行プログラム |
TWI636851B (zh) * | 2016-09-09 | 2018-10-01 | 牧野銑床製作所股份有限公司 | 工作機械的電子手冊及工作機械 |
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JPWO2011074064A1 (ja) | 2013-04-25 |
EP2515190A4 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
JP4695727B1 (ja) | 2011-06-08 |
EP2515190B1 (en) | 2021-02-03 |
EP2515190A1 (en) | 2012-10-24 |
CN102667650A (zh) | 2012-09-12 |
CN102667650B (zh) | 2013-09-25 |
US20120239182A1 (en) | 2012-09-20 |
US9229443B2 (en) | 2016-01-05 |
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