WO2011065353A1 - 有機太陽電池 - Google Patents
有機太陽電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011065353A1 WO2011065353A1 PCT/JP2010/070873 JP2010070873W WO2011065353A1 WO 2011065353 A1 WO2011065353 A1 WO 2011065353A1 JP 2010070873 W JP2010070873 W JP 2010070873W WO 2011065353 A1 WO2011065353 A1 WO 2011065353A1
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- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- transport layer
- solar cell
- electron transport
- layer
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Images
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/30—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising bulk heterojunctions, e.g. interpenetrating networks of donor and acceptor material domains
- H10K30/353—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising bulk heterojunctions, e.g. interpenetrating networks of donor and acceptor material domains comprising blocking layers, e.g. exciton blocking layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/20—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising organic-organic junctions, e.g. donor-acceptor junctions
- H10K30/211—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising organic-organic junctions, e.g. donor-acceptor junctions comprising multiple junctions, e.g. double heterojunctions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/80—Constructional details
- H10K30/81—Electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/50—Photovoltaic [PV] devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an organic solar cell.
- inorganic silicon solar cells using single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, or amorphous silicon.
- inorganic silicon solar cells have the disadvantages that their manufacturing process is complicated and expensive, so they have not been widely used in general households.
- organic solar cells organic power generation elements
- Non-Patent Document 1 a dye-sensitized solar cell based on a photochemical reaction using porous titanium oxide, ruthenium dye, iodine and iodine ion has a high conversion efficiency of 10%, which is a kind of organic solar cell.
- organic thin-film solar cells which are different types of organic solar cells from dye-sensitized solar cells, are also formed by vapor-depositing electron-donating semiconductors and electron-withdrawing semiconductors, which are low-molecular materials, by vacuum evaporation. It has been reported that a conversion efficiency of 3.6% was obtained in an organic thin film solar cell provided with a power generation layer having a double hetero structure between a positive electrode and a negative electrode as a pair of electrodes. (Refer nonpatent literature 2).
- the material for the power generation layer in the organic solar cell not only a low-molecular material but also a study of using a polymer material (polymer) is in progress. This is because when the material of the power generation layer is a low-molecular material, it is necessary to form the power generation layer by vacuum deposition, whereas when the material of the power generation layer is a polymer material, the power generation layer is applied and printed. This is because it can be formed using technology, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- an organic thin-film solar cell having a mixed layer of a conjugated polymer and a fullerene derivative as a power generation layer has recently been reported to have obtained a conversion efficiency of 5.5%.
- various institutes have been devised and studied to obtain highly efficient organic thin-film solar cells.
- organic thin-film solar cells have the same structure and materials as organic EL elements (organic electroluminescence elements), and thus have a problem in durability when put to practical use.
- Non-Patent Documents 4 and 5 As a means for improving the durability of the organic thin-film solar cell, for example, a technique for suppressing deterioration of characteristics due to light irradiation by removing oxygen and moisture has been reported (see Non-Patent Documents 4 and 5).
- the present invention has been made in view of the above reasons, and an object of the present invention is to provide an organic solar cell capable of extending the life.
- the organic solar cell in the present invention includes an electron donating semiconductor interposed between a first electrode for collecting holes, a second electrode for collecting electrons, and the first electrode and the second electrode. And a mixed layer formed of an electron-withdrawing semiconductor, and a first electron transport layer and a second electron transport layer interposed between the mixed layer and the second electrode.
- the second electron transport layer is formed of a plurality of protrusions that are in contact with the second electrode.
- the adhesion at the interface existing between the mixed layer and the second electrode can be improved, so that accumulation of charges in the mixed layer generated by light absorption during power generation is suppressed.
- it can be efficiently moved to the second electrode, and the life can be extended.
- each of the plurality of protrusions has a dome shape or a dot shape. According to this configuration, the area of the contact interface between the second electron transport layer and the second electrode through which charges pass is increased as compared with the case where these protrusions are formed in a stripe shape. Therefore, the effect of suppressing charge accumulation is increased, and the life can be extended.
- the plurality of protrusions preferably have a dome shape, each having a height of 4 nm to 6 nm and an average diameter of 80 nm to 120 nm. According to this configuration, the second electrode can be brought into close contact with the second electron transport layer without any gap, and the effect of suppressing the accumulation of electric charges can be increased and the life can be extended.
- Example 1 It is a schematic sectional drawing of the organic solar cell of embodiment. It is characteristic explanatory drawing of Example 1 same as the above. It is characteristic explanatory drawing of Example 2 same as the above. It is characteristic explanatory drawing of a comparative example same as the above.
- the surface shape of the 2nd electron carrying layer in Example 1 same as the above is shown, A is an AFM image figure, B is sectional drawing of an AFM image.
- A is an AFM image
- B is a cross-sectional view of an AFM image.
- A is an AFM image figure
- B is a sectional view of an AFM image.
- the organic solar cell of this embodiment includes a substrate 1 having a rectangular shape in plan view, an organic solar cell element 2 formed on one surface side (the upper surface side in FIG. 1) of the substrate 1, and an organic A surface protective layer 3 formed on the one surface side of the substrate 1 so as to cover the solar cell element 2 is provided.
- the organic solar cell element 2 absorbs sunlight formed on the positive electrode 21 formed on the one surface side of the substrate 1, the hole transport layer 22 formed on the positive electrode 21, and the hole transport layer 22.
- the mixed layer 23 that is a power generation layer (photoelectric conversion layer) that generates electric power
- the first electron transport layer 24 formed on the mixed layer 23, and the side opposite to the mixed layer 23 side in the first electron transport layer 24
- a negative electrode 26 formed on the substrate.
- a second electron transport layer 25 is formed on the first electron transport layer 24.
- the second electron transport layer 25 is formed of a plurality of protrusions 25 a that are in contact with the negative electrode 26. That is, in the present embodiment, the flat first continuous electron transport layer 24 is formed on the mixed layer 23.
- a second electron transport layer 25 having a protrusion in contact with the negative electrode 26 is formed on the first electron transport layer 24.
- a negative electrode 26 is formed on the second electron transport layer 25.
- the positive electrode 21 constitutes a first electrode that collects holes
- the negative electrode 26 constitutes a second electrode that collects electrons
- the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 26 Constitutes a pair of electrodes.
- the above-mentioned organic solar cell uses a translucent substrate as the substrate 1 and the positive electrode 21 is formed of a transparent electrode, and the other surface of the substrate 1 is a light incident surface for sunlight (external light).
- the light-transmitting substrate constituting the substrate 1 is not limited to a colorless and transparent substrate, but may be a substrate that is slightly colored.
- a glass substrate such as a soda lime glass substrate or a non-alkali glass substrate is used as the translucent substrate constituting the substrate 1, but is not limited to a glass substrate, for example, polyester, polyolefin, polyamide resin, epoxy A plastic film or a plastic substrate formed of a resin, a fluorine-based resin, or the like may be used.
- the glass substrate may be ground glass.
- the substrate 1 may be provided with light diffusibility by containing particles, powder, bubbles, or the like having a refractive index different from that of the base material of the substrate 1 in the substrate 1.
- substrate 1 etc. are not specifically limited, What is necessary is just what can support the organic solar cell element 2.
- the positive electrode 21 is an electrode for efficiently collecting holes generated in the mixed layer 23, and the material of the positive electrode 21 is ITO, but is not limited to ITO. It is preferable to use a metal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, or a mixture thereof having a large work function, and the work function is 4 eV or more and 6 eV or less so that the difference from the HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital) level does not become too large. It is preferable to use one.
- HOMO Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital
- the material of the positive electrode 2 examples include a conductive polymer doped with a metal such as gold, CuI, ITO, SnO 2 , ZnO, IZO, a conductive polymer such as PEDOT or polyaniline, and an arbitrary acceptor.
- a metal such as gold, CuI, ITO, SnO 2 , ZnO, IZO
- a conductive polymer such as PEDOT or polyaniline
- an arbitrary acceptor examples include conductive light transmissive materials such as molecules and carbon nanotubes.
- the positive electrode 21 may be formed on the one surface side of the substrate 1 by vacuum deposition, sputtering, coating, or the like.
- the light transmittance of the positive electrode 2 is preferably set to 70% or more.
- the positive electrode 21 preferably has a sheet resistance of several hundred ⁇ / ⁇ or less, and particularly preferably 100 ⁇ / ⁇ or less.
- the film thickness of the positive electrode 21 may be appropriately set according to characteristics such as light transmittance and sheet resistance of the positive electrode 21, and varies depending on the material of the positive electrode 21, but is 500 nm or less, preferably 10 nm. What is necessary is just to set suitably in the range of -200 nm.
- the negative electrode 26 is an electrode for efficiently collecting the electrons generated in the mixed layer 23.
- a material of the negative electrode 26 it is preferable to use a metal and an alloy having a small work function, and LUMO (Lowest It is preferable to use a work function of 1.9 eV or more and 5 eV or less so that the difference from the (Unoccupied (Molecular (Orbital) level) does not become too large.
- the material of the negative electrode 26 include alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earths, and alloys of these with other metals, such as sodium, sodium-potassium alloys, lithium, magnesium, and magnesium-silver mixtures. , Magnesium-indium mixtures, aluminum-lithium alloys, and the like. Aluminum can also be used.
- the negative electrode 26 may be formed on the one surface side of the substrate 1 by a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, a coating method, or the like.
- poly (3-hexylthiophene) which is a kind of conductive polymer material
- P3HT poly (3-hexylthiophene)
- phthalocyanine pigments indigo, thioindigo pigments, quinacridone pigments, merocyanine compounds, cyanine compounds, squalium compounds, polycyclic aromatic compounds, charge transfer agents used in organic electrophotographic photoreceptors, Examples thereof include conductive organic charge transfer complexes, and other conductive polymer materials.
- the conductive organic charge transfer complexes are not limited to these as long as they are soluble in a solvent.
- phthalocyanine-based pigment examples include divalent pigments such as Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, Pb, Pt, Fe, and Mg, metal-free phthalocyanine, aluminum chlorophthalocyanine, indium chlorophthalocyanine, and gallium chlorophthalocyanine.
- divalent pigments such as Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, Pb, Pt, Fe, and Mg
- metal-free phthalocyanine aluminum chlorophthalocyanine, indium chlorophthalocyanine, and gallium chlorophthalocyanine.
- examples include, but are not limited to, trivalent metal phthalocyanine coordinated with a halogen atom, and other phthalocyanine coordinated with oxygen such as baanadyl phthalocyanine and titanyl phthalocyanine.
- examples of the polycyclic aromatic compound include anthracene, tetracene, pentacene, and derivatives thereof, but are not particularly limited thereto.
- examples of the charge transfer agent include hydrazone compounds, pyrazoline compounds, triphenylmethane compounds, and triphenylamine compounds, but are not limited thereto.
- examples of the electroconductive organic charge transfer complex include tetrathiofulvalene and tetraphenyltetrathioflavalene, but are not limited thereto.
- Examples of the conductive polymer material that donates electrons include poly (3-alkylthiophene), polyparaphenylene vinylene derivatives, polyfluorene derivatives, thiophene polymers, and conductive polymer oligomers in addition to the above-described P3HT. Although what is soluble in an organic solvent is mentioned, it is not limited to these.
- PCBM [6,6] -phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester
- PCBM [6,6] -phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester
- a fullerene derivative is employed.
- Carbon nanotubes can also be used.
- the shape of the compound semiconductor nanocrystal is not particularly limited, and may be rod-shaped, spherical, or tetrapod-shaped.
- Specific materials for the compound semiconductor nanocrystal include III-V group compound semiconductors such as InP, InAs, GaP, and GaAs, II-VI group compound semiconductors such as CdSe, CdS, CdTe, and ZnS, ZnO, SiO 2 , and TiO 2. Examples thereof include oxide semiconductors such as Al 2 O 3 , CuInSe 2 , and CuInS, but are not particularly limited thereto.
- the mixed layer 23 may have a large number of rod-shaped compound semiconductor nanocrystals arranged at intervals of 200 nm or less in contact with the first electron transport layer 24, but this interval is particularly limited. It is not a thing.
- the electron-donating semiconductor and the electron-withdrawing semiconductor of the mixed layer 23 are not limited to either a high molecular material or a low molecular material, and either may be adopted.
- polyethylene geoside thiophene: polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS) is adopted as a material of the above-mentioned hole transport layer 22 interposed between the positive electrode 21 and the mixed layer 23.
- PEDOT polystyrene sulfonate
- it has the ability to transport holes, has a hole movement effect from the mixed layer 23, has an excellent hole movement effect with respect to the positive electrode 21, and has the characteristics of blocking electrons.
- a compound having excellent thin film forming ability is adopted as a material of the above-mentioned hole transport layer 22 interposed between the positive electrode 21 and the mixed layer 23 .
- PEDOT polyethylene geoside thiophene: polystyrene sulfonate
- phthalocyanine derivatives for example, phthalocyanine derivatives, naphthalocyanine derivatives, porphyrin derivatives, N, N′-bis (3-methylphenyl)-(1,1′-biphenyl) -4,4′-diamine (TPD) and 4 , 4'-bis [N- (naphthyl) -N-phenyl-amino] biphenyl ( ⁇ -NPD), oxazole, oxadiazole, triazole, imidazole, imidazolone, stilbene derivative, pyrazoline derivative, tetrahydro Imidazole, polyarylalkane, butadiene, 4,4 ′, 4 ′′ -tris (N- (3-methylphenyl) N-phenylamino) triphenylamine (m-MTDATA), and polyvinylcarbazole, polysilane, aminopyridine derivative, Polyethylene geoside thiophene (PED Examples thereof include, but
- Examples of materials for the first electron transport layer 24 and the second electron transport layer 25 include bathocuproine, bathophenanthroline, and derivatives thereof, TPBi, silole compounds, triazole compounds, tris (8-hydroxyquinolinate).
- TPBi titanium complex
- silole compounds triazole compounds, tris (8-hydroxyquinolinate).
- the material of the surface protective layer 3 described above a material having a gas barrier property may be employed, and for example, a fluorine-based compound, a fluorine-based polymer, other organic molecules, a polymer material, or the like may be employed.
- the surface protective layer 3 may be formed on the one surface side of the substrate 1 by a vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, a CVD method, a plasma polymerization method, or the like, or a solution of a polymer material as in a spin coating method. It can also be formed by a method of applying an ultraviolet ray or heat after applying by a different application method, or other methods.
- the surface protective layer 3 may be constituted by a laminated film of an insulating film made of a general-purpose polymer and a metal film such as an Al film having gas barrier properties and an insulating film made of a general-purpose polymer.
- Each insulating film may be formed by a coating method, and the metal film may be formed by a method capable of forming a highly dense metal film such as a sputtering method.
- the surface protective layer 3 can be formed of a film-like or plate-like structure having light permeability and gas barrier properties. In the former case, the surface protective layer 3 is formed on the one surface of the substrate 1 by a vacuum laminating method, for example.
- the surface protective layer 3 having such light transmittance is employed, if the negative electrode 26 is formed of a transparent electrode, sunlight can be incident on the mixed layer 23 through the surface protective layer 3 and the negative electrode 26. Therefore, it is not always necessary to configure the substrate 1 with a translucent substrate, and it is not necessary to configure the positive electrode 21 with a transparent electrode.
- the light transmittance of the surface protective layer 3 shall be 70% or more.
- the external connection electrode (not shown) electrically connected to the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 26 are electrically connected on the one surface of the substrate 1.
- the external connection electrode 26a is formed, and the connection portion between the negative electrode 26 and the external connection electrode 26a and the positive electrode 21 are electrically connected to the side surface of the organic solar cell element 2 on the one surface side of the substrate 1.
- An insulating film 4 for insulation is formed.
- the organic solar cell element 2 includes a hole transport layer 22 and a first electron transport layer 24, and the positive electrode 21 / hole transport layer 22 / mixed layer 23 / first electron. Although it has a layer structure of transport layer 24 / second electron transport layer 25 / negative electrode 26, the layer structure of organic solar cell element 2 is not particularly limited, and at least positive electrode layer 21 and negative electrode 26 are included. And a second electron transport layer 25 in contact with the negative electrode 26, for example, positive electrode 21 / mixed layer 23 / second electron transport layer 25 / negative.
- the layer structure of the electrode 26 may be used, or the layer structure of the positive electrode 21 / hole transport layer 22 / mixed layer 23 / second electron transport layer 25 / negative electrode 26, or the positive electrode 21 / mixed layer 23 / first electron. With the layer structure of transport layer 24 / second electron transport layer 25 / negative electrode 26, etc. Good.
- the inventor of the present application provides the second electron transport layer 25 having a plurality of protrusions in contact with the negative electrode 26 between the mixed layer 23 and the negative electrode 26 as described above.
- the present inventors have found that the durability of organic solar cells is improved.
- the protrusion that can improve the adhesion of the negative electrode 26 to the base of the negative electrode 26 and can suppress the accumulation of charges generated in the mixed layer 23 during power generation. Is provided at the contact interface with the negative electrode 26.
- FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4 show the characteristics of the organic solar cells of Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example below, respectively. It is the result of having measured.
- the first electron transport layer 24 is not provided.
- the second electron transport layer 25 instead of the second electron transport layer 25, an electron transport layer having no protrusion is provided.
- the substrate 1 was a glass substrate and the positive electrode 21 was an ITO film, and the hole transport layer 22 was formed on the one surface side of the substrate 1 on which the positive electrode 21 was formed.
- the material of the hole transport layer 22 is PEDOT: PSS (manufactured by Starck), and the thickness of the hole transport layer 22 is 40 nm.
- the pretreatment when forming the hole transport layer 22 after performing ultrasonic cleaning for 10 minutes each with acetone, isopropyl alcohol, semi-clean, ultra-pure water, and then cleaning with isopropyl alcohol vapor. Then, the surface was cleaned by a UV ozone cleaner for 10 minutes.
- P3HT manufactured by Merck, regioregular type
- PCBM manufactured by Solenne
- P3HT and PCBM were dissolved at a mass ratio of 1: 0.7 in a mixed solvent in which 1,2-dichlorobenzene and chloroform were mixed at a volume ratio of 6: 4. Then, the substrate 1 on which the positive electrode 21 and the hole transport layer 22 are formed is transferred to a glove box having a dew point of ⁇ 76 ° C.
- the substrate 1 on which the positive electrode 21, the hole transport layer 22, and the mixed layer 23 are formed is transferred into a vacuum deposition apparatus, and the second electron transport layer 25 and the negative electrode 26 are sequentially formed by a vacuum deposition method.
- the deposition average film thickness was 3 nm
- Example 2 in was adopted to depositing average thickness of C 70, which is a type of fullerene as the material of the second electron-transport layer 25 and 3 nm.
- C 60 which is a kind of fullerene was adopted as the material for the electron transport layer, and the average deposition thickness was 1 nm.
- these vapor deposition average film thicknesses are values measured by a crystal resonator disposed in a vacuum vapor deposition apparatus, and when the projections are provided like the second electron transport layer 25, the heights are averaged. Value.
- the second electron transport layer 25 in Examples 1 and 2 has a dome-shaped protrusion 25a having an average height of 5 nm and an average diameter of 100 nm, and the electron transport layer in the comparative example is a dome. It does not have the protrusion 25a and has a relatively flat surface.
- the negative electrode 25 made of a laminated film of a lithium fluoride film having a film thickness of 0.5 nm and an Al film having a film thickness of 80 nm was formed by vacuum deposition.
- the substrate 1 on which the positive electrode 21, the hole transport layer 22, the mixed layer 23, the second electron transport layer 25, and the negative electrode 26 are formed is put into the air in a glove box having a dew point of ⁇ 76 ° C. or less in a dry nitrogen atmosphere. Transported without exposure.
- a getter kneaded with calcium oxide as a water-absorbing material is affixed to a glass sealing plate with an adhesive, and an ultraviolet curable resin sealing agent is applied in advance to the outer periphery of the sealing plate,
- the surface protection layer 3 which consists of a sealing plate which is a plate-shaped structure was formed by sticking a sealing plate on the board
- FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 I to IV indicate that the organic solar cells of Examples 1 and 2 and the comparative example were subjected to simulated solar light with an air mass of 1.5 G and 100 mW / cm 2 on the other surface of the substrate 1.
- VOC open circuit voltage
- JSC short circuit current density
- FF form factor
- PCE conversion efficiency
- the conversion efficiency (PCE) is reduced to 88% by the light irradiation for 8 hours.
- PCE conversion efficiency
- Examples 1 and 2 it can be seen that the life can be extended compared to the comparative example.
- the solar cell characteristics in FIGS. 2 to 4 are values normalized in Examples 1 and 2 and the comparative example with the value at the start of irradiation being 1.
- the second electron transport layer 25 having a protrusion in contact with the negative electrode 26 is provided between the mixed layer 23 and the negative electrode 26.
- the 2nd electron carrying layer 25 consists of the some dome-shaped protrusion 25a formed in the negative electrode 26 side in the mixed layer 23, Therefore Contact with the negative electrode 26 Compared to the case where the protrusions on the interface are formed in a stripe shape, the area of the contact interface between the second electron transport layer 25 and the negative electrode 26 through which charges pass can be increased, so that charge accumulation is achieved. The suppression effect becomes larger and the life can be extended.
- the shape of the protrusion 25a is not limited to the dome shape, and may be a dot shape. The same effect as in the case of the dome shape can be obtained when the shape of the protrusion 25a is a dot shape.
- examples of the material used for the second electron transport layer 25 include electron transport organic semiconductor materials such as fullerene C 60 and fullerene C 70 which are chemically structurally stable.
- the vapor deposition average film thickness when the second electron transport layer 25 is formed by the vacuum vapor deposition method is a thickness that does not increase the charge accumulation of the solar cell, and protrusions are formed on the surface. 2 nm to 5 nm is preferable, and 2.5 nm to 4 nm is particularly preferable.
- the vapor deposition average film thickness is too thin, the projections cannot be formed as in the comparative example.
- the deposition average thickness is too thick, the gap between the adjacent projections is filled, resulting in a continuous film having a flat surface. Adhesiveness with the electrode 26 is lowered, electric charges are accumulated at the interface, and the lifetime of the solar cell is reduced.
- the surface shape of the second electron transport layer 25 when the negative electrode 26 is formed by a vacuum deposition method or the like, the negative electrode 26 is covered with no gap (covered without forming a fine void). It needs to have an easy surface shape.
- the shape of the protrusion 25a is preferably a trapezoidal taper shape, more preferably a dome shape, than the case of a rectangular cross section.
- the surface having the protrusions of the second electron transport layer 25 is covered with the negative electrode 26 without any gap (covers without forming fine voids), so that the second electron transport layer 25 and the negative electrode 26 are mutually connected.
- the size of the protrusion 25a is determined so that it can be firmly adhered.
- the size of the protrusion 25a is preferably such that the ratio of average height / average diameter is about 1/20, and the average height is 3 nm to 8 nm. Furthermore, 4 nm to 6 nm is particularly preferable in view of charge diffusion characteristics during power generation of the organic solar cell.
- the ratio of the average height / average diameter when the ratio of the average height / average diameter is too small, the surface of the second electron transport layer 25 becomes nearly flat, the adhesion is lowered, and the life characteristics are lowered. Conversely, if the ratio of the average height / average diameter is too large, when the negative electrode 26 is formed by a vacuum vapor deposition method or the like, it becomes difficult for the vapor deposition material (material of the negative electrode 26) to enter the concave portion, resulting in voids. As a result, the electric charge generated during the power generation of the organic solar cell accumulates in the vicinity of the void, and the life characteristics are deteriorated.
- the protrusion 25a is formed in a dome shape having a height of 4 nm to 6 nm and an average diameter of 80 nm to 120 nm, so that the negative electrode 26 is spaced from the second electron transport layer 25. Can be closely adhered to each other, and the effect of suppressing the accumulation of electric charges is increased, and the life can be extended.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (3)
- 以下の構成を備えた有機太陽電池;
- ホールを収集する第1の電極;
- 電子を収集する第2の電極;
- 上記第1の電極と上記第2の電極との間に介在し、電子供与性半導体と電子吸引性半導体から形成される混合層;
- 上記混合層と上記第2の電極との間に介在する第1の電子輸送層と第2の電子輸送層;
であって、
上記第2の電子輸送層は、上記第2の電極に接触する複数の突起から形成される。
- 上記複数の突起は、それぞれドーム形状もしくはドット形状を有する請求項1記載の有機太陽電池。
- 上記複数の突起は、それぞれドーム形状を有し、それぞれ4nm~6nmの高さと80nm~120nmの平均径を有する請求項2記載の有機太陽電池。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP10833199A EP2506328A1 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2010-11-24 | Organic solar cell |
US13/511,156 US20120247557A1 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2010-11-24 | Organic solar cell |
CN2010800524613A CN102648541A (zh) | 2009-11-24 | 2010-11-24 | 有机太阳能电池 |
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JP2009266169A JP2011114004A (ja) | 2009-11-24 | 2009-11-24 | 有機太陽電池 |
JP2009-266169 | 2009-11-24 |
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WO2011065353A1 true WO2011065353A1 (ja) | 2011-06-03 |
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PCT/JP2010/070873 WO2011065353A1 (ja) | 2009-11-24 | 2010-11-24 | 有機太陽電池 |
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US (1) | US20120247557A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2506328A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2011114004A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20120096046A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102648541A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011065353A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013173740A1 (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-11-21 | Brookhaven Science Associates, Llc | Thin film photovoltaic device optical field confinement and method for making same |
CN103811187A (zh) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-21 | 南昌航空大学 | 一种稀土共掺杂晶态发光材料的制备及其在杂化太阳电池中的应用 |
EP4161234A1 (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-05 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Photoelectric conversion element, photoelectric conversion module, and electronic device |
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US20140326310A1 (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2014-11-06 | Novaled Gmbh | Organic Photovoltaic Device |
JP5100909B1 (ja) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-12-19 | 尾池工業株式会社 | 有機薄膜太陽電池およびその製造方法 |
FR2997793B1 (fr) * | 2012-11-08 | 2015-01-02 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Nouveau procede de fabrication de dispositifs electroniques organiques |
JP6769739B2 (ja) * | 2015-05-19 | 2020-10-14 | ローム株式会社 | 有機薄膜太陽電池モジュール、電子機器および有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 |
WO2016186166A1 (ja) * | 2015-05-19 | 2016-11-24 | ローム株式会社 | 有機薄膜太陽電池モジュール、電子機器および有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 |
JP6240711B2 (ja) * | 2016-05-30 | 2017-11-29 | ローム株式会社 | 有機薄膜太陽電池 |
CN106654026B (zh) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-12-28 | 纳晶科技股份有限公司 | 量子点电致发光器件、具有其的显示装置及照明装置 |
KR20200133613A (ko) | 2019-05-20 | 2020-11-30 | 조원익 | 스마트폰의 장착이 가능한 대형디스플레이 장치 |
JP2022086058A (ja) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-09 | 株式会社リコー | 光電変換素子、光電変換モジュール、電子機器、及び電源モジュール |
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- 2010-11-24 EP EP10833199A patent/EP2506328A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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WO2013173740A1 (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-11-21 | Brookhaven Science Associates, Llc | Thin film photovoltaic device optical field confinement and method for making same |
CN103811187A (zh) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-21 | 南昌航空大学 | 一种稀土共掺杂晶态发光材料的制备及其在杂化太阳电池中的应用 |
EP4161234A1 (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-05 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Photoelectric conversion element, photoelectric conversion module, and electronic device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20120247557A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
CN102648541A (zh) | 2012-08-22 |
KR20120096046A (ko) | 2012-08-29 |
EP2506328A1 (en) | 2012-10-03 |
JP2011114004A (ja) | 2011-06-09 |
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