WO2011065293A1 - ディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
ディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011065293A1 WO2011065293A1 PCT/JP2010/070621 JP2010070621W WO2011065293A1 WO 2011065293 A1 WO2011065293 A1 WO 2011065293A1 JP 2010070621 W JP2010070621 W JP 2010070621W WO 2011065293 A1 WO2011065293 A1 WO 2011065293A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- glass substrate
- glass
- silver
- display cover
- transmittance
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
- C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
- C03C3/087—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
- C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
- C03C21/002—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions to perform ion-exchange between alkali ions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
- C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
- C03C21/005—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions to introduce in the glass such metals or metallic ions as Ag, Cu
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
- C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
- C03C3/093—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium containing zinc or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/0092—Compositions for glass with special properties for glass with improved high visible transmittance, e.g. extra-clear glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2204/00—Glasses, glazes or enamels with special properties
- C03C2204/02—Antibacterial glass, glaze or enamel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133308—Support structures for LCD panels, e.g. frames or bezels
- G02F1/133331—Cover glasses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
- Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
- Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31—Surface property or characteristic of web, sheet or block
- Y10T428/315—Surface modified glass [e.g., tempered, strengthened, etc.]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a glass substrate useful for a cover glass of a display device having a display device, typically a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a touch panel or the like, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a display device typically a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a touch panel or the like, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- PDA personal digital assistant
- a cover glass (protective glass) for enhancing the protection and aesthetics of a display is often used for a display device having an input function such as a mobile device such as a mobile phone and a PDA and a touch panel.
- a glass substrate for display cover glass is required to be thin and have high strength, and a glass substrate whose strength is increased by a chemical strengthening method is usually used.
- Patent Document 1 a glass excellent in antibacterial properties and strength is disclosed in JP-A-11-228186 (Patent Document 1). According to this, by treating the glass containing sodium by using a molten salt of silver nitrate and potassium nitrate, the sodium ion contained in the glass is replaced with both potassium ion and silver ion, so that the glass has antibacterial properties. It is said that high strength (bending strength) can be imparted. Further, in order to provide a glass having excellent transparency, it is preferable that the ratio (weight ratio) between the compound capable of providing M + substituted for sodium ions in the glass and the antibacterial substance is in a specific range. Yes.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has a glass substrate for a display cover glass that not only has high strength and antibacterial properties, but also has high transparency and visible transmittance suitable as a cover glass for a display device. It aims at providing the manufacturing method.
- the inventor of the present invention pays attention to the fact that colloidalization of silver in the silver ion diffusion layer imparting antibacterial properties to the glass inhibits the transparency of the glass, and the transmittance around 428 nm, which is the absorption wavelength of the silver colloid, is in a specific range. It was found that the strength, antibacterial property and transparency suitable for a glass substrate for display cover glass can be obtained by controlling the thickness of the glass substrate.
- the glass substrate for display cover glass of the present invention comprises a surface compressive stress layer and an antibacterial substance-containing layer on the glass substrate surface, and the ratio of the transmittance T1 at a wavelength of 428 nm and the transmittance T2 at a wavelength of 650 nm of the glass substrate. (T1 / T2) is 0.95 or more, and the transmittance at a wavelength of 428 nm when the thickness of the glass substrate is 0.1 to 3.0 mm is 86% or more.
- the glass substrate has a glass composition expressed in terms of a molar percentage in terms of oxides, SiO 2 55 to 80%, Al 2 O 3 0.1 to 15%, B 2 O 3 0 to 15%, ZnO 0 to It is characterized by containing 10%, Na 2 O 0.1-15%, K 2 O 0-10%, MgO + CaO 0-16%.
- the surface compressive stress layer on the surface of the glass substrate is formed by chemical strengthening, and the surface compressive stress layer has a depth of 3 ⁇ m or more and a surface compressive stress of 250 MPa or more.
- the antibacterial substance-containing layer is a silver ion diffusion layer in which silver ions are diffused on the surface of the glass substrate.
- the silver ion diffusion layer is characterized in that the amount of silver at a depth of 40 ⁇ m from the glass substrate surface is 0.2 to 100 ⁇ g / cm 2 .
- the glass substrate may be formed by a float method.
- the glass substrate for display cover glass is used as a cover glass for a touch panel display.
- the display cover glass substrate may be a display device using the front glass of the display.
- the method for producing a glass substrate for display cover glass includes a step of chemically strengthening a glass substrate in a molten salt containing at least KNO 3 , a step of cleaning the chemically strengthened glass substrate, A step of forming a silver film on the surface of the cleaned glass substrate, a step of diffusing silver ions from the surface of the glass substrate by heat-treating the glass substrate on which the silver film has been formed, and diffusing the silver ions And a step of washing and removing silver remaining on the surface without being diffused in the glass substrate.
- the method for producing a glass substrate for display cover glass includes a step of forming a glass substrate, a step of chemically strengthening the plate-formed glass substrate in a molten salt containing at least KNO 3 , A step of cleaning the chemically strengthened glass substrate, a step of forming a silver film on the surface of the cleaned glass substrate, and a heat treatment of the glass substrate on which the silver film has been formed.
- the method includes a step of diffusing silver ions inside, and a step of washing and removing silver remaining on the surface without being diffused inside the glass substrate in the step of diffusing silver ions.
- the step of forming the glass substrate by plate is by a float method.
- the step of diffusing the silver ions includes a step of heat-treating the glass substrate on which the silver film is formed at 300 to 475 ° C.
- a glass substrate for display cover glass having high transparency and visible transmittance by suppressing not only high strength and antibacterial properties but also coloration of glass caused by silver colloid. Can do.
- the glass substrate for display cover glass of the present invention includes a surface compressive stress layer on the substrate surface.
- a surface compressive stress layer on the substrate surface.
- an air cooling strengthening method physical strengthening method in which the glass substrate surface heated to near the softening point is rapidly cooled by air cooling, or a temperature below the glass transition point.
- an air cooling strengthening method physical strengthening method
- the thickness of the glass substrate for display cover glass of the present invention is typically preferably 0.2 to 3.0 mm when it is particularly required to reduce the weight when used in mobile devices. If it is less than 0.2 mm, there is a possibility that desired strength cannot be obtained from the viewpoint of practical strength even if chemical strengthening is performed. If it exceeds 3.0 mm, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of weight reduction. More preferably, it is 0.5 to 1.5 mm. When the weight reduction is not particularly required when used in an installation type display device that does not move, the present invention can be applied even when the thickness of the glass substrate is more than 3.0 mm, for example.
- the surface compressive stress that is generally applied by physical strengthening is about 100 to 150 MPa, so that even higher surface compressive stress is applied. Is required, a glass substrate with higher strength can be obtained by forming a surface compressive stress layer by chemical strengthening.
- the surface compressive stress layer of the glass substrate for display cover glass of the present invention preferably has a depth of 3 ⁇ m or more. If the depth is less than 3 ⁇ m, the strength is insufficient for use as a display cover glass, and the scratch resistance on the glass substrate surface (ease of entering indentation against scratching) deteriorates.
- the depth of the surface compressive stress layer is preferably 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, and more preferably 7 to 80 ⁇ m.
- the surface compressive stress of the glass substrate for display cover glass of the present invention is preferably 250 to 1050 MPa. If the surface compressive stress is less than 250 MPa, the strength is insufficient for display cover glass applications, and the scratch resistance of the glass substrate surface deteriorates. On the other hand, if it exceeds 1050 MPa, the internal tensile stress increases, and when the crack propagates into the glass substrate due to impact or the like, explosive destruction occurs, which is not preferable for safety.
- the surface compressive stress is preferably 300 to 800 MPa, more preferably 350 to 750 MPa.
- the glass substrate for display cover glass of the present invention comprises an antibacterial substance-containing layer on the substrate surface.
- an antibacterial function can be imparted to the glass substrate.
- the antibacterial substance-containing layer formed on the surface of the glass substrate is roughly classified into a layer containing silver itself and a silver ion diffusion layer.
- a method for forming a layer containing silver itself a method in which silver is mixed with a glass raw material and melt-molded, and a method in which a coating layer containing silver is formed on a glass substrate surface are known.
- a method for forming a silver ion diffusion layer there is a method of forming a silver ion diffusion layer from the glass substrate surface to the inside of the substrate by applying a liquid containing silver on the glass substrate surface and performing heat treatment.
- the method of forming a silver ion diffusion layer does not cause short-term antibacterial consumption due to wear or the like as compared with the method of forming a layer containing silver itself, and the properties of the glass substrate surface do not change significantly. Therefore, when providing an antibacterial function to the glass substrate for display cover glass of this invention, it is preferable to use the method of forming a silver ion diffusion layer.
- antibacterial substance-containing layers include natural antibacterial agents such as wasabi, metal antibacterial agents such as copper and zinc, and oxide antibacterial agents such as titanium oxide. It can also be formed by a method.
- the silver ion diffusion layer that is the antibacterial substance-containing layer of the glass substrate for display cover glass of the present invention preferably has a silver amount of 0.2 to 100 ⁇ g / cm 2 at a depth of 40 ⁇ m from the glass substrate surface.
- the silver content of the glass substrate is less than 0.2 ⁇ g / cm 2 , the antibacterial effect is not sufficient.
- it exceeds 100 ⁇ g / cm 2 the amount of silver diffusing into the silver ion diffusion layer becomes too large, and the glass is colored due to the silver colloid.
- the amount of silver is preferably 0.4 to 80 ⁇ g / cm 2 , more preferably 0.6 to 60 ⁇ g / cm 2 , particularly preferably 0.8 to 20 ⁇ g / cm 2 , and most preferably 1. 0 to 15 ⁇ g / cm 2 .
- the present inventor confirmed the relationship between the silver content of the glass substrate and the antibacterial effect by the following method. First, plate-shaped borosilicate glass (PYREX (registered trademark)) is prepared, and the amount of silver at a depth of 40 ⁇ m from the glass substrate surface is 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 ⁇ g / cm 2. Each finished glass substrate was produced. About these glass substrates, based on JISZ2801 (antibacterial test method), the number of bacteria (E.
- the sterilization rate was calculated by comparison with a non-processed film processed under the same conditions.
- 90% or more of the bacteria were killed for the glass substrate having a silver amount of 0.2 ⁇ g / cm 2 , and 99% for the glass substrate having a silver amount of 0.4, 0.6 ⁇ g / cm 2.
- the above bacteria were killed. From these, it was considered that the antibacterial effect was provided if the amount of silver at a depth of 40 ⁇ m from the glass substrate surface was 0.2 ⁇ g / cm 2 or more.
- the place where the two layers of the surface compressive stress layer and the antibacterial substance-containing layer are formed is not limited to the order of formation, and the two are often integrated at least on the outermost surface of the glass substrate. May be laminated.
- the glass substrate surface may include both a surface compressive stress layer and an antibacterial substance-containing layer, or a part of the glass substrate surface may be a surface compressive stress layer and the other part may be an antibacterial substance-containing layer. . Further, a part of the glass substrate surface may be provided with both the surface compressive stress layer and the antibacterial substance-containing layer, and the other part may be either the surface compressive stress layer or the antibacterial substance-containing layer. Moreover, the location which neither a surface compressive stress layer nor an antibacterial substance content layer is formed in the glass substrate surface may exist.
- the glass substrate for display cover glass of the present invention has a ratio of the transmittance T1 at a wavelength of 428 nm to the transmittance T2 at a wavelength of 650 nm (transmittance ratio (T1 / T2)) of 0.95 or more.
- the transmittance at a wavelength of 428 nm is 86% or more.
- the reason for using the wavelength of 428 nm is that the absorption wavelength when the glass is colored by the silver colloid is maximized in this vicinity, so that it is possible to directly determine whether the glass is colored by the silver colloid.
- the reason why the wavelength of 650 nm is used is that when the glass is colored with silver colloid, the transmittance is affected not only in the wavelength band near 428 nm but also in the width of about 100 nm in the front and rear, so the visible wavelength is not affected by this. I chose in that respect.
- the ratio (T1 / T2) of the transmittance T1 at a wavelength of 428 nm and the transmittance T2 at a wavelength of 650 nm of the glass substrate is 0.95 or more, and the thickness of the glass substrate is 0.1 to 3.0 mm at a wavelength of 428 nm.
- the glass substrate is not colored by silver colloid, and has high transparency and visible transmittance suitable for a glass substrate for display cover glass.
- a glass substrate is obtained.
- the transmittance at a wavelength of 428 nm when the plate thickness of the glass substrate is 0.1 to 3.0 mm is less than 86%, or the ratio of the transmittance T1 at a wavelength of 428 nm to the transmittance T2 at a wavelength of 650 nm (T1 / T2) is less than 0.95, the transparency and visible transmittance are lowered to such an extent that the coloration of the glass caused by the silver colloid can be visually recognized.
- the visibility of the display screen is lowered. Therefore, it is not preferable.
- the glass substrate for display cover glass of the present invention can be obtained by subjecting a plate-formed glass substrate to chemical strengthening treatment and antibacterial treatment.
- a method for forming a glass substrate a float method, a downdraw method, a press method, and the like can be applied.
- a large amount of glass is formed at a low cost, it is preferable to use the float method.
- a glass substrate formed by the float method When a glass substrate formed by the float method is used without being polished, it is preferable to provide an antibacterial substance-containing layer on the surface opposite to the surface in contact with molten tin (hereinafter referred to as a tin surface) in the float forming. This is because the tin component diffuses in the glass on the surface of the glass substrate on the tin surface side.
- a silver ion diffusion layer is formed on this surface, the silver in the silver ion diffusion layer is reduced by the tin component to become a colloid. This is because the glass is colored.
- the glass is colored by reacting the electrode material component and the tin component in the glass substrate when the electrode is formed on the tin surface.
- the tin surface is provided with a surface compressive stress layer and an antibacterial substance-containing layer.
- a firing step at a temperature higher than 425 ° C. is required.
- composition of the glass substrate of the present invention will be described using the mole percentage display content unless otherwise specified.
- SiO 2 is a component constituting the skeleton of glass and is essential. If it is less than 55%, the stability as glass decreases, or the weather resistance decreases. Preferably it is 60% or more. If the SiO 2 content exceeds 80%, the viscosity of the glass increases and the meltability decreases significantly. Preferably it is 75% or less, typically 73% or less.
- Al 2 O 3 is a component that improves the ion exchange rate and is essential. If it is less than 0.1%, the ion exchange rate decreases. Preferably it is 1% or more, typically 1.5% or more. If Al 2 O 3 exceeds 15%, the viscosity of the glass becomes high and uniform melting becomes difficult. Preferably it is 11% or less, More preferably, it is 8% or less.
- B 2 O 3 may be contained, for example, up to 15% in order to improve the meltability at high temperature or the glass strength. If it exceeds 15%, the glass becomes unstable. Preferably it is 10% or less, More preferably, it is 8% or less. In order to increase the amount of silver on the surface of the glass substrate in the antibacterial treatment, it is preferably 5% or less, more preferably not contained.
- ZnO may be contained, for example, up to 10% in order to improve the melting property of the glass at a high temperature. If it exceeds 10%, the glass becomes unstable. Preferably it is 8% or less, More preferably, it is 6% or less. Further, in order to increase the amount of silver on the surface of the glass substrate in the antibacterial treatment, it is preferably 3% or less, more preferably not contained.
- Na 2 O is a component that forms a surface compressive stress layer by ion exchange and improves the meltability of glass, and is essential. If it is less than 0.1%, it becomes difficult to form a desired surface compressive stress layer by ion exchange. Preferably it is 3% or more, typically 6% or more. If Na 2 O exceeds 15%, Tg, that is, the strain point is lowered, or the weather resistance is lowered. When Tg is low, stress relaxation occurs during chemical strengthening, and it becomes difficult to obtain desired chemical strengthening characteristics. Preferably it is 14% or less, typically 13% or less.
- K 2 O is a component for improving the meltability, and is a component for increasing the ion exchange rate in chemical strengthening to obtain a desired surface compressive stress and a surface compressive stress layer. It is preferable to contain in the range. Preferably it is 0.1% or more, more preferably 2% or more, typically 3% or more. When K 2 O exceeds 10%, the weather resistance decreases. Preferably it is 8% or less, typically 6% or less.
- Alkaline earth metal oxides are components that improve the meltability and are effective in adjusting Tg, that is, the strain point.
- MgO and CaO have a relatively small effect of reducing the ion exchange rate, and MgO + CaO may be contained in a range of 16% or less. If MgO + CaO exceeds 16%, the ion exchange rate tends to be low, devitrification tends to occur, or the strain point may be too low. Preferably it is 15% or less, More preferably, it is 13% or less.
- the glass substrate of the present invention typically has, as a glass composition, expressed as a mole percentage in terms of oxide, SiO 2 55 to 80%, Al 2 O 3 0.1 to 15%, B 2 O 3 It is 0 to 15%, ZnO is 0 to 10%, Na 2 O is 0.1 to 15%, K 2 O is 0 to 10%, and MgO + CaO is 0 to 16%.
- the glass substrate of the present invention consists essentially of the components described above, but may contain other components as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. When such components are contained, the total content of these components is preferably 10% or less, and typically 5% or less. The other components will be described by way of example.
- BaO and SrO have the greatest effect of reducing the ion exchange rate among the alkaline earth metal oxides. Therefore, when contained, the content is preferably less than 1%.
- ZrO 2 is not essential, but may be contained up to 5% in order to increase the ion exchange rate. If it exceeds 5%, the effect of increasing the ion exchange rate is saturated, and the meltability is deteriorated and may remain in the glass as an unmelted product.
- ZrO 2 its content is preferably 0.5% or more, and typically 1% or more.
- SO 3 As a clarifying agent in melting the glass, SO 3 , chloride, fluoride, Sb 2 O 3 , As 2 O 3 and the like may be appropriately contained.
- components that may be mixed as impurities in raw materials such as Fe 2 O 3 , NiO, and Cr 2 O 3 that have an effect on the transparency and visible transmittance of the glass substrate and that absorb in the visible range should be reduced as much as possible.
- Each is preferably 0.15% or less, more preferably 0.05% or less in terms of mass percentage.
- the glass substrate for display cover glass of this invention is used suitably for the display front glass of the display apparatus provided with input functions, such as a touch panel display.
- the glass substrate for the cover glass of the touch panel display has high visibility as a display device, high strength that can withstand the load load during operation by contact, and antibacterial properties that are hygienic even if used by an unspecified number of people.
- the glass substrate for display cover glass of the present invention sufficiently has these characteristics.
- the glass substrate for display cover glass as the front glass of the display it has high visibility as a display device, high strength that can withstand loads during operation and carrying, and antibacterial properties that can be used hygienically. A display device is obtained.
- the method for producing a glass substrate for display cover glass of the present invention includes a step of chemically strengthening a glass substrate in a molten salt containing at least KNO 3 , a step of cleaning the glass substrate subjected to the chemical strengthening treatment, and the cleaning A step of forming a silver film on the surface of the glass substrate subjected to the chemical treatment, a step of diffusing silver ions from the surface of the glass substrate by heat-treating the glass substrate on which the silver film has been formed, and diffusing the silver ions And cleaning and removing silver remaining on the surface without being diffused into the glass substrate.
- the method for producing a glass substrate for display cover glass of the present invention includes a step of forming a glass substrate, a step of chemically strengthening the plate-formed glass substrate in a molten salt containing at least KNO 3 , and the chemical The step of cleaning the glass substrate subjected to the tempering treatment, the step of forming a silver film on the surface of the glass substrate subjected to the cleaning treatment, and the inside of the glass substrate surface by heating the glass substrate on which the silver film has been formed.
- the details of the step of forming the glass substrate are not particularly limited. For example, an appropriate amount of various raw materials are prepared for the plate-formed glass substrate, heated to about 1400-1600 ° C. and melted, and then defoamed and stirred. It is made into a plate shape by a well-known float method, down draw method, press method, etc., and is manufactured by slow cooling and cutting to a desired size and polishing.
- the step of chemical strengthening treatment is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of performing ion exchange between Na 2 O on the surface of the glass substrate and K 2 O in the molten salt, but for example, to a molten salt containing heated potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ).
- the method of immersing a glass substrate is mentioned.
- the conditions for forming a chemically strengthened layer (surface compressive stress layer) having a desired surface compressive stress on a glass substrate vary depending on the thickness of the glass substrate, but glass is added to molten salt containing 400 to 550 ° C. KNO 3.
- the substrate is immersed for 2 to 20 hours. From an economical viewpoint, it is preferable to immerse the glass substrate under conditions of 400 to 500 ° C. and 2 to 16 hours, and a more preferable immersion time is 400 to 500 ° C. and 2 to 10 hours.
- the molten salt and dirt containing potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ) used in the chemical strengthening process are removed from the glass substrate surface. This is because if the surface of the glass substrate is contaminated, unevenness or leakage occurs in the silver film in the next step of forming a silver film.
- the cleaning method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of spraying distilled water or the like on a glass substrate, a method of immersing the glass substrate in a water tank and applying ultrasonic vibration, and a method of scrubbing with an abrasive.
- the step of forming a silver film on the surface of the glass substrate and the step of diffusing silver ions are steps for forming an antibacterial substance-containing layer on the surface of the glass substrate.
- the step of forming a silver film is a method of mixing silver with a glass raw material and melt-molding, a method of forming a coating layer containing silver on the surface of the glass substrate, a liquid containing silver being applied to the surface of the glass substrate, and heat treatment.
- There is a method of forming a silver ion diffusion layer from the surface of the glass substrate to the inside of the substrate but it is preferable to use a method of forming a silver ion diffusion layer from the viewpoint of productivity and equipment cost.
- the heat treatment conditions in the step of diffusing silver ions vary depending on the composition of the glass substrate, the amount of silver to be applied, and the heating conditions for thermal diffusion, but the treatment is preferably performed at 250 to 500 ° C.
- the heating condition is less than 250 ° C.
- the diffusion rate is slow and it takes time to diffuse silver that exhibits an antibacterial effect, which is not economical.
- the temperature exceeds 500 ° C.
- a large amount of silver diffuses even in a short time to form a silver colloid, and the glass is colored and absorbs a wavelength around 428 nm.
- a more preferable heating condition is 300 to 475 ° C. If it is 300 degreeC or more, the silver for expressing an antibacterial effect can be diffused in a short time, and if it is 475 degreeC or less, it is preferable for diffusing more silver without coloring.
- the step of washing and removing silver remaining on the surface is performed in order to remove silver residue that is not diffused into the glass generated after thermally diffusing silver.
- the cleaning method is not particularly limited.
- the glass substrate is cleaned using a solution containing any of HNO 3 , FeCl 3 , Fe (NO 3 ) 3 , HCl, H 2 SO 4 , and H 2 O 2. It is preferable.
- the manufacturing method described above is not limited. It is also possible to perform chemical strengthening treatment after antibacterial treatment of the glass substrate.
- the chemical strengthening treatment and the antibacterial treatment are performed simultaneously. If these processes are performed simultaneously, the processing process and the cleaning process can be reduced, so that there is an advantage that the glass substrate can be manufactured at a low cost.
- the diffusion rates of silver ions and potassium ions to the glass substrate surface are compared, the diffusion rate of silver ions is faster than that of potassium ions. Therefore, when the chemical strengthening treatment is performed only for the time necessary to form the surface compressive stress layer capable of obtaining the desired strength, the silver ions excessively enter the glass substrate surface, resulting in coloration caused by the silver colloid, The optical characteristics required for the glass substrate for display cover glass, that is, the above-described transmittance characteristics cannot be obtained.
- the chemical strengthening treatment and the antibacterial treatment should be performed separately.
- glasses A, B, C, and D having the glass compositions shown in Table 1 were used.
- Table 1 the blank of each component means that the content is 0 mol%.
- Each glass is appropriately selected from commonly used glass raw materials such as oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, nitrates, etc. so as to have a composition expressed in mole percentages in the column of each component in Table 1, and 800 g as glass. And weighed and mixed.
- each mixture is put into a platinum crucible, put into a resistance heating electric furnace at 1600 ° C., melted for 3 hours, defoamed and homogenized, poured into a mold material, slowly cooled at a predetermined temperature, and glass Got a block.
- the glass block was cut and ground to a size of 40 mm ⁇ 40 mm and a thickness of about 0.3 to 1.0 mm, and finally both surfaces were processed into mirror surfaces to obtain a plate-like glass.
- plate forming was performed using a float method, cutting and grinding were performed so that the size became 40 mm ⁇ 40 mm, and finally both surfaces were processed into mirror surfaces to obtain a plate-like glass substrate.
- each glass substrate obtained was immersed in a molten salt containing KNO 3 for a predetermined time to obtain a glass substrate having a surface compressive stress layer on the surface.
- the conditions (molten salt concentration, time, and temperature) of the chemical strengthening treatment in each example and comparative example are as shown in Tables 2 to 5.
- the surface compressive stress of the glass substrate and the depth of the surface compressive stress layer were measured using a surface stress meter (FSM-6000, manufactured by Orihara Seisakusho).
- permeability ratio (T1 / T2) were computed from the obtained spectral transmittance using the ultraviolet visible near-infrared spectrophotometer (the JASCO company make, V570).
- a specific processing method is as follows.
- a sponge substrate is impregnated with a solution obtained by dispersing cerium oxide (particle size # 5000 in JIS R6001) in pure water (cerium oxide concentration: 1% by mass) on the chemically strengthened surface of the glass substrate.
- the surface on which the silver film was formed was evenly rubbed for cleaning (about 10 to 30 seconds for a 40 mm ⁇ 40 mm substrate).
- it was not necessary to apply a strong force and the glass surface could be made to be a pure and clean surface with a force equivalent to or lighter than that of daily washing.
- the cleaning was completed, it was rinsed with water so that no abrasive remained.
- a stannous chloride aqueous solution (dissolved by adding 1 g of stannous chloride to 1000 ml of distilled water) as a activating treatment agent is sprayed or poured onto a glass substrate, and immediately drained to obtain pure water. Washed with. Subsequently, ammonia solution and potassium hydroxide were added to a solution obtained by dissolving silver nitrate in pure water to prepare a silver preparation solution.
- the silver concentration of the silver preparation liquid was 0.67 g in terms of mass of AgNO 3 contained in 100 ml of the silver preparation liquid.
- a solution prepared by adding glucose as a reducing agent to the silver preparation solution was poured into a pallet on which a glass substrate was placed, and the glass substrate was immersed in the solution and left for 30 to 120 seconds. As a result, a silver mirror surface was formed on the glass substrate.
- the reason why potassium hydroxide is added here is to adjust the acidic silver nitrate solution to be alkaline and promote the oxidation of the reducing solution.
- the alkaline solution is not limited to potassium hydroxide as long as the silver nitrate solution can be adjusted to be alkaline.
- the addition of ammonia water alone has the same effect, but potassium hydroxide is used in combination to alleviate the ammonia odor in the process.
- the silver mirror surface is rinsed with pure water and dried, and then heated at a rate of 200 ° C./h from room temperature to a predetermined baking temperature (250 to 500 ° C.) in an electric furnace and subjected to heat treatment for a predetermined time. It was. After heat treatment, the silver residue adhering to the glass is completely removed using a small amount of nitric acid (for example, 2 mol / L), washed with pure water, and dried to obtain a glass substrate that has been subjected to chemical strengthening treatment and antibacterial treatment. It was.
- nitric acid for example, 2 mol / L
- the Ag-L ⁇ strength of the glass substrates of each Example and Comparative Example was measured, and the amount of silver was determined by conversion from the measured relative strength.
- the Ag-L ⁇ intensity can be analyzed at a depth of about 40 ⁇ m in the glass, and the measured relative value was used as a measured value of the amount of silver diffused to a depth of 40 ⁇ m from the glass substrate surface.
- Tables 2 to 5 show the chemical strengthening conditions, antibacterial treatment conditions, and glass substrate characteristics of the examples and comparative examples obtained above.
- Examples 1 to 5 and Examples 8 to 18 are examples of the present invention, and Examples 6, 7, and 19 to 21 are comparative examples.
- Examples 19 to 21 which are comparative examples were respectively subjected to chemical strengthening treatment and antibacterial treatment using the treatment conditions described in Example 4, Example 5 and Example 7 of JP-A-11-228186. I went at the same time. That is, as a method of chemical strengthening treatment and antibacterial treatment, a surface compressive stress layer and an antibacterial substance-containing layer are formed on the surface by immersing in a molten salt containing KNO 3 and AgNO 3 for a predetermined time, and drying after washing with pure water. A glass substrate provided with was obtained.
- the obtained glass substrate of the present invention (each example) has a ratio (T1 / T2) of the transmittance T1 at a wavelength of 428 nm and the transmittance T2 at a wavelength of 650 nm of the glass substrate of 0.95 or more and the transmittance at a wavelength of 428 nm.
- T1 / T2 the transmittance T1 at a wavelength of 428 nm
- T2 the transmittance at a wavelength of 428 nm of the glass substrate of 0.95 or more and the transmittance at a wavelength of 428 nm.
- the depth of the surface compressive stress layer is 3 ⁇ m or more
- the surface compressive stress is 250 MPa or more
- the silver amount at a depth of 40 ⁇ m from the glass substrate surface is 0.2 to 100 ⁇ g / cm 2. It is thought that.
- the glass substrate of Example 6 does not perform chemical strengthening treatment, the surface compressive stress layer does not exist on the glass substrate surface, and the strength is not sufficient.
- the glass substrate of Example 7 has a low surface compressive stress and insufficient strength, and has a low transmittance and transmittance ratio (T1 / T2) at a wavelength of 428 nm, and is transparent as a glass substrate for display cover glass. And the visible transmittance was insufficient. This is because the diffusion of silver ions is promoted in the antibacterial treatment because the glass substrate in which sufficient surface compressive stress is not formed in the chemical strengthening treatment has a larger ionic radius of potassium ions than silver ions. It is thought that coloring of the glass substrate due to.
- the glass substrates of Examples 19 to 21 have a low transmittance and transmittance ratio (T1 / T2) at a wavelength of 428 nm, and the glass substrate for display cover glass is transparent and has a visible transmittance. It was insufficient. This is thought to be due to the fact that silver ions are excessively diffused on the surface of the glass substrate in the simultaneous treatment with the chemical strengthening treatment and the antibacterial treatment, so that the coloration of the glass due to the generation of silver colloid becomes remarkable and the optical properties of the glass deteriorate. .
- the difference in glass substrate characteristics was confirmed when an antibacterial substance-containing layer was provided on each of the tin surface and the opposite surface of the tin surface.
- the glass A having a thickness of 0.55 mm is subjected to chemical strengthening treatment, surface compression stress 441 MPa, surface treatment compression layer 7 ⁇ m, transmittance (wavelength 428 nm) 91%, transmittance ratio (T1 / T2) 0.996, A glass substrate having a fluorescent X-ray Ag intensity of 0 ⁇ g / cm 2 was prepared.
- Tables 6 and 7 show the antibacterial treatment conditions and glass substrate characteristics of each of the obtained Examples and Comparative Examples.
- Examples 22 to 29 and Examples 30 to 35 are examples of the present invention, and Examples 36 and 37 are comparative examples.
- the glass was colored in Examples 36 and 37 (both Comparative Examples) having a high firing temperature (450 ° C. or higher), and transmittance and transmittance at a wavelength of 428 nm.
- the ratio (T1 / T2) was very low. This is probably because the tin component diffused on the glass substrate surface of the tin surface reduces silver in the silver ion diffusion layer, which is the antibacterial substance-containing layer, to generate silver colloid, which colored the glass.
- Example 31 to 35 Examples in which the antibacterial treatment was performed on the tin surface
- the firing temperature was low and the generation of silver colloid was suppressed, so it is considered that the transmittance was not lowered.
- Example 30 and Example 37 with a high baking temperature of an antibacterial treatment the surface compressive stress became very low. This is presumably because the surface compressive stress generated in the chemical strengthening treatment process was relaxed by firing.
- the firing temperature in the antibacterial treatment was 475 ° C. or lower, the surface compression stress was not significantly reduced, and the obtained glass The substrate had high strength.
- a glass substrate for a display cover glass having not only excellent strength and antibacterial properties but also high transparency and visible transmittance by suppressing the coloring of the glass caused by silver colloid. Can do.
- the entire contents of the specification, claims, and abstract of Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-267869 filed on Nov. 25, 2009 are incorporated herein as the disclosure of the specification of the present invention. Is.
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Abstract
Description
このようなディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板は、薄型で高い強度を備えていることが要求されており、化学強化法によって強度を高めたガラス基板が通常用いられている。
不特定多数の人に利用される駅の券売機や銀行のATM、医療施設内で用いられる機器等のタッチパネル付表示装置は、それらの使用環境ゆえ様々な菌が付着する可能性が高い。また、モバイル機器についても、使用者は限られるものの使用頻度が非常に多く同様の問題を有している。
そのため、これら機器・装置において、特に人が触れる機会の多いディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板に抗菌性を付与することが望まれている。
また、前記ガラス基板は、ガラス組成として、酸化物換算のモル百分率表示で、SiO2 55~80%、Al2O3 0.1~15%、B2O3 0~15%、ZnO 0~10%、Na2O 0.1~15%、K2O 0~10%、MgO+CaO 0~16%を含有することを特徴とする。
また、前記ガラス基板表面の表面圧縮応力層は、化学強化により形成されたものであり、該表面圧縮応力層は、3μm以上の深さと250MPa以上の表面圧縮応力とを備えることを特徴とする。
また、前記抗菌性物質含有層は、銀イオンがガラス基板表面に拡散した銀イオン拡散層であることを特徴する。
また、前記銀イオン拡散層は、ガラス基板表面から40μmの深さにおける銀量が0.2~100μg/cm2であること特徴とする。
また、前記ガラス基板は、フロート法によって板成形されることを特徴とする。
また、前記ディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板をタッチパネルディスプレイのカバーガラスに用いることを特徴とする。
また、前記ディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板をディスプレイの前面ガラスとして用いたディスプレイ装置であることを特徴とする。
また、本発明のディプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板の製造方法は、ガラス基板を板成形する工程と、前記板成形したガラス基板を少なくともKNO3を含む溶融塩中において化学強化処理する工程と、前記化学強化処理したガラス基板を清浄化処理する工程と、前記清浄化処理したガラス基板の表面に銀膜を形成する工程と、前記銀膜を形成したガラス基板を加熱処理することによりガラス基板表面から内部に銀イオンを拡散する工程と、前記銀イオンを拡散する工程においてガラス基板内部に拡散されず表面に残留した銀を洗浄除去する工程とを有することを特徴とする。
また、前記ガラス基板を板成形する工程は、フロート法によるものであることを特徴とする。
また、前記銀イオンを拡散する工程は、銀膜が形成されたガラス基板を300~475℃で加熱処理する工程を含むことを特徴とする。
ガラス基板表面に表面圧縮応力層を形成する方法としては、軟化点付近まで加熱したガラス基板表面を風冷などにより急速に冷却する風冷強化法(物理強化法)と、ガラス転移点以下の温度でイオン交換によりガラス基板表面のイオン半径が小さなアルカリ金属イオン(典型的にはLiイオン、Naイオン)をイオン半径のより大きいアルカリ金属イオン(典型的にはKイオン)に交換する化学強化法が適用できる。
特に、薄いガラス基板に対して表面圧縮応力層を形成する場合、風冷強化法を適用すると、表面と内部との温度差がつきにくいため表面圧縮応力層を形成することが困難であり、所望の強度を得ることが難しいため、化学強化法により表面圧縮応力層を形成することが好ましい。
移動を伴わない設置型の表示装置で用いられる場合などで特に軽量化が要求されない際には、例えばガラス基板の厚みが3.0mm超であっても本発明を適用することは可能である。なお、ガラス基板の厚みが3.0mm超であれば物理強化を適用することは可能であるが、一般的に物理強化で入る表面圧縮応力は100~150MPa程度であるため、更に高い表面圧縮応力が求められる場合は、化学強化により表面圧縮応力層を形成することで、より高い強度を備えたガラス基板を得ることが可能となる。
ガラス基板表面に形成される抗菌性物質含有層としては、銀そのものを含有する層と、銀イオン拡散層とに大別される。銀そのものを含有する層の形成方法としては、銀をガラス原料に混合し溶融成形する方法や銀を含むコーティング層をガラス基板表面に形成する方法が知られている。一方、銀イオン拡散層の形成方法は、銀を含む液体をガラス基板表面に塗布し、加熱処理することでガラス基板表面から基板内部にわたり銀イオン拡散層を形成する方法がある。銀イオン拡散層を形成する方法は、前述の銀そのものを含有する層を形成する方法と比べ磨耗などによる短期の抗菌性消耗が起こらず、ガラス基板表面の性質が著しく変化することがない。そのため、本発明のディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板に抗菌機能を付与する場合は、銀イオン拡散層を形成する方法を用いることが好ましい。なお、銀イオン拡散層を形成する方法において、銀をガラス基板表面に形成する方法としては、前述の銀を含む液体を塗布する方法の他に、銀塩を含む液を熱分解噴霧する方法や真空スパッタリングによる方法などがある。
また、抗菌性物質含有層としては、銀以外にわさびをはじめとする天然抗菌剤、銅や亜鉛をはじめとする金属系抗菌剤、及び酸化チタンをはじめとする酸化物抗菌剤の層を公知の方法で形成することもできる。
ガラス基板の銀量と抗菌効果との関連について、本発明者は以下の方法で確認した。まず、板状のホウケイ酸塩ガラス(PYREX(登録商標))を用意し、ガラス基板表面から40μmの深さにおける銀量が0.2、0.4、0.6μg/cm2となる抗菌処理済のガラス基板をそれぞれ作製した。これらガラス基板について、JIS Z 2801(抗菌性試験方法)に基づき、規格条件で24時間後のガラスサンプルに確認される菌数(大腸菌、黄色ぶどう球菌)を確認した。なお、滅菌率は同じ条件で処理された無加工フィルムとの比較で算出した。その結果、銀量が0.2μg/cm2のガラス基板については、90%以上の菌が死滅しており、銀量が0.4、0.6μg/cm2のガラス基板については、99%以上の菌が死滅していた。これらより、ガラス基板表面から40μmの深さにおける銀量が0.2μg/cm2以上であれば、抗菌効果を備えていると考えた。
ガラス基板表面は、表面圧縮応力層と抗菌性物質含有層の両者を備えたものとする以外に、ガラス基板表面の一部分を表面圧縮応力層とし、他の部分を抗菌性物質含有層としてもよい。また、ガラス基板表面の一部分を表面圧縮応力層と抗菌性物質含有層の両者を備えたものとし、他の部分を表面圧縮応力層もしくは抗菌性物質含有層のいずれか一方としてもよい。また、ガラス基板表面には、表面圧縮応力層もしくは抗菌性物質含有層のいずれも形成されない箇所があってもよい。
ここで、波長428nmを用いた理由は、銀コロイドによりガラスが着色した際の吸収波長がこの付近で極大となることから、銀コロイドによるガラスの着色の有無を直接的に判定できるためである。また、波長650nmを用いた理由は、銀コロイドによりガラスが着色すると428nm付近の波長帯だけでなく、前後100nm程度の幅で透過率に影響があるため、この影響を受けない可視域波長であるという点で選択した。そして、ガラス基板の波長428nmにおける透過率T1と波長650nmにおける透過率T2との比(T1/T2)が0.95以上及びガラス基板の板厚が0.1~3.0mmでの波長428nmにおける透過率が86%以上としたが、このような透過率特性を備えることで、銀コロイドによるガラス基板の着色がなく、ディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板に好適な高い透明性と可視透過率とを備えたガラス基板が得られる。
ここで、ガラス基板の板厚が0.1~3.0mmでの波長428nmにおける透過率が86%未満、もしくはガラス基板の波長428nmにおける透過率T1と波長650nmにおける透過率T2との比(T1/T2)が0.95未満であると、銀コロイドに起因するガラスの着色が目視により認識できる程度に透明性と可視透過率が低くなり、ディスプレイ装置に用いると表示画面の視認性を低下させるため好ましくない。
ガラス基板の板成形方法としては、フロート法、ダウンドロー法、プレス法などが適用可能であるが、特に大量のガラスを低コストで板成形する場合は、フロート法を用いることが好ましい。
ただし、ガラス基板表面に電極を形成する必要がある場合は、スズ面に電極を形成すると電極材成分とガラス基板中のスズ成分とが反応することでガラスが着色する等の問題があるため、スズ面に表面圧縮応力層及び抗菌性物質含有層を備えるようにする。この際、スズ面における銀イオン拡散層の銀コロイド化を抑制するため、抗菌処理においては425℃以下の温度で加熱処理することが好ましい。また、銀粒子と低融点ガラスとを主成分とする銀ペースト等を用いてガラス基板表面に電極を形成する場合は、425℃より高い温度での焼成工程が必要となるため、この場合は電極形成を行った後に、抗菌性物質含有層を形成することで、銀コロイドの発生を回避することができる。
MgO及びCaOは、イオン交換速度を低下させる効果が比較的小さいものであり、MgO+CaOが16%以下の範囲で含有させてもよい。MgO+CaOが16%超ではイオン交換速度が低下する、失透しやすくなる、または歪点が低くなりすぎるおそれがある。好ましくは15%以下、より好ましくは13%以下である。
ZrO2は、必須ではないが、イオン交換速度を大きくするために5%までの範囲で含有してもよい。5%超ではイオン交換速度を大きくする効果が飽和し、また溶融性が悪化して未溶融物としてガラス中に残る場合が起こる。ZrO2を含有する場合、その含有量は好ましくは0.5%以上、典型的には1%以上である。
ガラスの溶融の際の清澄剤として、SO3、塩化物、フッ化物、Sb2O3、As2O3などを適宜含有してもよい。
また、ガラス基板の透明性及び可視透過率に影響がある、可視域に吸収をもつFe2O3、NiO、Cr2O3などの原料中の不純物として混入するような成分は、できるだけ減らすことが好ましく、各々質量百分率表示で0.15%以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは0.05%以下である。
また、前記ディプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板をディスプレイの前面ガラスとして用いることで、表示装置としての高い視認性と、操作や携帯時の負荷に耐えうる高い強度、衛生的に使用できる抗菌性を有するディスプレイ装置が得られる。
本発明のディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板の製造方法は、ガラス基板を少なくともKNO3を含む溶融塩中において化学強化処理する工程と、前記化学強化処理したガラス基板を清浄化処理する工程と、前記清浄化処理したガラス基板の表面に銀膜を形成する工程と、前記銀膜を形成したガラス基板を加熱処理することによりガラス基板表面から内部に銀イオンを拡散する工程と、前記銀イオンを拡散する工程においてガラス基板内部に拡散されず表面に残留した銀を洗浄除去する工程とを有する。
また、本発明のディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板の製造方法は、ガラス基板を板成形する工程と、前記板成形したガラス基板を少なくともKNO3を含む溶融塩中において化学強化処理する工程と、前記化学強化処理したガラス基板を清浄化処理する工程と、前記清浄化処理したガラス基板の表面に銀膜を形成する工程と、前記銀膜を形成したガラス基板を加熱処理することによりガラス基板表面から内部に銀イオンを拡散する工程と、前記銀イオンを拡散する工程においてガラス基板内部に拡散されず表面に残留した銀を洗浄除去する工程とを有する。
ガラス基板に所望の表面圧縮応力を有する化学強化層(表面圧縮応力層)を形成するための条件は、ガラス基板の厚さによっても異なるが、400~550℃のKNO3を含む溶融塩にガラス基板を2~20時間浸漬させることが典型的である。経済的な観点からは400~500℃、2~16時間の条件でガラス基板を浸漬させることが好ましく、より好ましい浸漬時間は、400~500℃で、2~10時間である。
銀膜を形成する工程は、銀をガラス原料に混合し溶融成形する方法、銀を含むコーティング層をガラス基板表面に形成する方法、銀を含む液体をガラス基板表面に塗布し、加熱処理することでガラス基板表面から基板内部にわたり銀イオン拡散層を形成する方法があるが、生産性、設備費用の点から、銀イオン拡散層を形成する方法を利用することが好ましい。
銀イオンを拡散する工程における熱処理条件は、ガラス基板の組成や塗布する銀量、熱拡散させる加熱条件によって異なるが、250~500℃で処理することが好ましい。加熱条件が250℃未満では、拡散速度が遅く抗菌効果を発現させる銀を拡散させるために時間がかかり経済的でない。500℃を超えると、短時間でも銀が多く拡散して銀コロイドとなりガラスが着色し、428nm付近の波長を吸収するので好ましくない。より好ましい加熱条件は、300~475℃である。300℃以上であれば抗菌効果を発現させるための銀を短時間で拡散させることができ、475℃以下であればより多くの銀を着色なく拡散するのに好ましい。
なお、ガラス基板表面に表面圧縮応力層及び抗菌性物質含有層を備え、所定の透過率特性を備えた本発明のディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板を得るには、上記で説明した製造方法に限らず、ガラス基板を抗菌処理した後に化学強化処理を行うことでも可能である。
但し、ガラス基板に対して化学強化処理と抗菌処理とを同時に行うことは好ましくない。これら処理を同時に行うと、処理工程や清浄化工程を削減できるため、ガラス基板を低コストで製造できるというメリットがある。しかしながら、銀イオンとカリウムイオンのガラス基板表面への拡散速度を比較すると、銀イオンの方がカリウムイオンより拡散速度が早い。そのため、所望の強度が得られる表面圧縮応力層を形成するのに必要な時間だけ化学強化処理を行うと、銀イオンが過剰にガラス基板表面に入ってしまい、銀コロイドに起因する着色が生じ、ディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板に求められる光学特性、つまり前述の透過率特性が得られなくなる。
以上の理由から、本発明のディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板を得るには、化学強化処理と抗菌処理とをそれぞれ別に行うべきである。
以下の各実施例及び比較例では、表1のガラス組成を示すガラスA、B、C、及びDを用いた。表1中、各成分の空欄は、含有量が0モル%であることを意味する。
各ガラスは、表1の各成分の欄にモル百分率表示で示す組成になるように、酸化物、水酸化物、炭酸塩、硝酸塩等一般に使用されているガラス原料を適宜選択し、ガラスとして800gとなるように秤量し、混合した。次いで、それぞれの混合物を白金製るつぼに入れ、1600℃の抵抗加熱式電気炉に投入し、3時間溶融し、脱泡、均質化した後、型材に流し込み、所定の温度で徐冷し、ガラスブロックを得た。このガラスブロックからサイズが40mm×40mm、厚みが0.3~1.0mm程度になるように切断、研削し、最後に両面を鏡面に加工し、板状のガラスを得た。なお、ガラスAについてのみ、板成形はフロート法を用いて行い、サイズが40mm×40mmになるように切断、研削し、最後に両面を鏡面に加工し、板状のガラス基板を得た。
続いて、硝酸銀を純水に溶かした溶液にアンモニア水と水酸化カリウムを加えて銀調合液を調製した。銀調合液の銀濃度は、銀調合液100ml中に含まれるAgNO3の質量換算で0.67gであった。銀調合液に還元剤としてグルコースを添加した溶液をガラス基板をおいたパレット内に注ぎ入れ、ガラス基板が溶液に浸水するような状態にして30秒から120秒放置した。これによりガラス基板に銀鏡面を形成した。なお、ここで水酸化カリウムを加えているのは、酸性である硝酸銀溶液をアルカリ性となるように調整し、還元液の酸化を促進するためである。アルカリ性溶液としては、硝酸銀溶液をアルカリ性に調整できるものであれば、水酸化カリウムに限定されない。アンモニア水のみの添加でも同様の効果はあるが、工程でのアンモニア臭を緩和するため水酸化カリウムを併用している。
そして、銀鏡面を純水で濯いで、乾燥させた後、電気炉で室温から所定の焼成温度(250~500℃)まで、200℃/hの速度で昇温し、所定時間加熱処理を行った。加熱処理後、ガラスに付着した銀残渣を少量の硝酸(例えば2mol/L)を用いて完全に除去した後、純水で洗浄後、乾燥して化学強化処理及び抗菌処理済のガラス基板を得た。得られた化学強化処理及び抗菌処理済のガラス基板について、化学強化特性(表面圧縮応力層の深さ、及び表面圧縮応力)、波長428nmにおける透過率、透過率比(T1/T2)、及びガラス基板表面に拡散した銀量(蛍光X線Ag強度)を測定した。
なお、ガラス基板表面に拡散した銀量は、蛍光X線測定装置(理学電機工業社製、ZSX Primus2)にて測定した。まず、銀量が既知の銀メッキミラーを、蛍光X線測定装置を用いてAg-Lα強度を測定し、銀量とAg-Lα強度の検量線を作成した。そして、各実施例及び比較例のガラス基板のAg-Lα強度を測定して、銀量を測定された相対強度から換算して求めた。Ag-Lα強度はガラス中の約40μm程度の深さの分析が可能であり、この測定した相対値をガラス基板表面から40μmまでの深さに拡散した銀量の測定値とした。
また、例19~例21(比較例)のガラス基板は、波長428nmの透過率及び透過率比(T1/T2)が低く、ディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板としては透明性と可視透過率の点で不十分であった。これは、化学強化処理と抗菌処理との同時処理において銀イオンが過剰にガラス基板表面に拡散することにより、銀コロイドの発生によるガラスの着色が顕著となりガラスの光学特性が劣化したものと考えられる。
まず、厚み0.55mmのガラスAに対して化学強化処理を行い、表面圧縮応力 441MPa、表面処理圧縮層 7μm、透過率(波長428nm) 91%、透過率比(T1/T2) 0.996、蛍光X線Ag強度 0μg/cm2のガラス基板として用意した。このガラス基板について、スズ面とスズ面の反対面にそれぞれ各種条件にて抗菌処理を行い、得られたガラス基板の特性を調べた。これら得られた各実施例及び比較例の抗菌処理条件とガラス基板特性について表6及び表7に示す。なお、表における例22~例29、及び例30~例35が本発明の実施例であり、例36及び例37が比較例である。
また、抗菌処理の焼成温度が高い例30及び例37では、表面圧縮応力が非常に低くなった。これは化学強化処理工程において生じた表面圧縮応力が焼成によって緩和されたためと考えられる。これに対し、抗菌処理における焼成温度を475℃以下で行った各実施例(例22~例29、及び例31~例35)では表面圧縮応力の大幅な低下が見られず、得られたガラス基板は高い強度を備えていた。
なお、2009年11月25日に出願された日本特許出願2009-267869号の明細書、特許請求の範囲、及び要約書の全内容をここに引用し、本発明の明細書の開示として、取り入れるものである。
Claims (12)
- ガラス基板表面に表面圧縮応力層及び抗菌性物質含有層を備え、該ガラス基板の波長428nmにおける透過率T1と波長650nmにおける透過率T2との比(T1/T2)が0.95以上、かつ該ガラス基板の板厚が0.1~3.0mmでの波長428nmにおける透過率が86%以上であることを特徴とするディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板。
- 前記ガラス基板は、ガラス組成として、酸化物換算のモル百分率表示で、SiO2 55~80%、Al2O3 0.1~15%、B2O3 0~15%、ZnO 0~10%、Na2O 0.1~15%、K2O 0~10%、MgO+CaO 0~16%を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板。
- 前記ガラス基板表面の表面圧縮応力層は、化学強化により形成されたものであり、該表面圧縮応力層は、3μm以上の深さと250MPa以上の表面圧縮応力とを備えることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載のディプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板。
- 前記抗菌性物質含有層は、銀イオンがガラス基板表面に拡散した銀イオン拡散層であることを特徴する請求項1~請求項3のいずれか1項に記載のディプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板。
- 前記銀イオン拡散層は、ガラス基板表面から40μmの深さにおける銀量が0.2~100μg/cm2であること特徴とする請求項4に記載のディプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板。
- 前記ガラス基板は、フロート法によって板成形されることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板。
- タッチパネルディスプレイのカバーガラスに用いられることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板。
- 請求項1~請求項7のいずれか1項に記載のディスプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板をディスプレイの前面ガラスとして用いたことを特徴とするディスプレイ装置。
- ガラス基板を少なくともKNO3を含む溶融塩中において化学強化処理する工程と、前記化学強化処理したガラス基板を清浄化処理する工程と、前記清浄化処理したガラス基板の表面に銀膜を形成する工程と、前記銀膜を形成したガラス基板を加熱処理することによりガラス基板表面から内部に銀イオンを拡散する工程と、前記銀イオンを拡散する工程においてガラス基板内部に拡散されず表面に残留した銀を洗浄除去する工程とを有することを特徴とするディプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板の製造方法。
- ガラス基板を板成形する工程と、前記板成形したガラス基板を少なくともKNO3を含む溶融塩中において化学強化処理する工程と、前記化学強化処理したガラス基板を清浄化処理する工程と、前記清浄化処理したガラス基板の表面に銀膜を形成する工程と、前記銀膜を形成したガラス基板を加熱処理することによりガラス基板表面から内部に銀イオンを拡散する工程と、前記銀イオンを拡散する工程においてガラス基板内部に拡散されず表面に残留した銀を洗浄除去する工程とを有することを特徴とするディプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板の製造方法。
- 前記ガラス基板を板成形する工程は、フロート法によるものであることを特徴とする請求項10に記載のディプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板の製造方法。
- 前記銀イオンを拡散する工程は、銀膜が形成されたガラス基板を300~475℃で加熱処理する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項9または請求項11に記載のディプレイカバーガラス用ガラス基板の製造方法。
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Also Published As
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CN102939269B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
US8869558B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 |
US20140308512A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
JP5689075B2 (ja) | 2015-03-25 |
US20120219792A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
CN102939269A (zh) | 2013-02-20 |
US9463996B2 (en) | 2016-10-11 |
JPWO2011065293A1 (ja) | 2013-04-11 |
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