WO2011065162A1 - 内燃機関の制御装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011065162A1 WO2011065162A1 PCT/JP2010/068714 JP2010068714W WO2011065162A1 WO 2011065162 A1 WO2011065162 A1 WO 2011065162A1 JP 2010068714 W JP2010068714 W JP 2010068714W WO 2011065162 A1 WO2011065162 A1 WO 2011065162A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- combustion engine
- internal combustion
- discharge
- combustion chamber
- premixed gas
- Prior art date
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/12—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with compression ignition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B11/00—Engines characterised by both fuel-air mixture compression and air compression, or characterised by both positive ignition and compression ignition, e.g. in different cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
- F02D41/3017—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used
- F02D41/3023—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used a mode being the stratified charge spark-ignited mode
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
- F02D41/3017—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used
- F02D41/3035—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used a mode being the premixed charge compression-ignition mode
- F02D41/3041—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used a mode being the premixed charge compression-ignition mode with means for triggering compression ignition, e.g. spark plug
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P23/00—Other ignition
- F02P23/04—Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays
- F02P23/045—Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays using electromagnetic microwaves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P3/00—Other installations
- F02P3/01—Electric spark ignition installations without subsequent energy storage, i.e. energy supplied by an electrical oscillator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
- F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
- F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
- F02P5/15—Digital data processing
- F02P5/1502—Digital data processing using one central computing unit
- F02P5/1504—Digital data processing using one central computing unit with particular means during a transient phase, e.g. acceleration, deceleration, gear change
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the control device for an internal combustion engine described in Patent Document 1 switches between a self-ignition operation method corresponding to the first operation and a spark ignition operation method corresponding to the second operation.
- This internal combustion engine control device has an actual fuel consumption rate at the present time when the spark ignition operation method is switched, and a reference fuel consumption rate when it is assumed that the self-ignition operation method is switched in the current operation state. Is calculated.
- the control device for the internal combustion engine switches from the spark ignition operation method to the self-ignition operation method when the actual fuel consumption rate exceeds the reference fuel consumption rate.
- the first invention controls an internal combustion engine (20) including a discharge means (11) for generating discharge in the combustion chamber (10) and an electromagnetic wave radiation means (12) for radiating electromagnetic waves to the combustion chamber (10).
- the control device (30) for the internal combustion engine is intended.
- the control device (30) for the internal combustion engine includes a first operation for compressing and igniting the premixed gas in the combustion chamber (10) according to the operation state of the internal combustion engine (20), and the combustion chamber (10 ) Is provided with operation control means (31, 32, 33) for switching to the second operation in which discharge is generated by the discharge means (11) to forcibly ignite the premixed gas, and the operation control means (31 , 32, 33) without causing discharge by the discharge means (11) between the first operation and the second operation when switching between the first operation and the second operation. Then, after the electromagnetic wave is radiated from the electromagnetic wave radiating means (12) to raise the temperature of the premixed gas, an intermediate operation for compressing and igniting the premixed gas is inserted
- switching between the first operation and the second operation is performed in accordance with the operation state of the internal combustion engine (20).
- the elapsed operation is sandwiched between the first operation and the second operation.
- the operation method of the internal combustion engine (20) changes in the order of the first operation, the elapsed operation, and the second operation.
- the elapsed operation is an operation in which the premixed gas is compressed and ignited after the temperature of the premixed gas is raised by emitting electromagnetic waves from the electromagnetic wave radiation means (12). In the elapsed operation, no discharge is generated by the discharge means (11). When electromagnetic waves are radiated from the electromagnetic radiation means (12), the temperature of the premixed gas in the strong electric field region in the combustion chamber (10) rises greatly. In the elapsed operation, the first ignition occurs in a region of the premixed gas where the temperature is greatly increased by electromagnetic waves. At the time of the first ignition, the region where the temperature does not increase so much by the electromagnetic wave does not reach the state just before ignition.
- the elapsed operation in the elapsed operation, the time from the first ignition to the last ignition becomes longer than that in the first operation. For this reason, the elapsed operation has a longer combustion time than the first operation, and the peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10) is low. Further, since the elapsed operation has more ignition points than the second operation, the combustion time is shorter and the peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10) is higher than in the second operation.
- the “combustion time” and the “peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10)” are changed between the first operation and the second operation. A progress operation is performed that takes a value between the first operation and the second operation.
- the discharge means (31, 32, 33) is in a state where the internal combustion engine (20) is switched to the second operation.
- the internal combustion engine (20) is controlled so that an electromagnetic wave is radiated from the electromagnetic wave radiation means (12) to the plasma formed by the discharge of 11).
- electromagnetic waves are radiated to the plasma formed along with the discharge by the discharge means (11) over the period when the internal combustion engine (20) is switched to the second operation.
- plasma forming region a premixed gas in a region where plasma is formed
- the combustion reaction of the premixed gas is promoted by OH radicals and ozone.
- the temperature and pressure of the premixed gas in the plasma formation region increase.
- the propagation speed of the flame is increased by these factors. For this reason, the second operation has a short combustion time and a high peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10) as compared with the case where electromagnetic waves are not emitted to the plasma formed by the discharge by the discharge means (11). .
- the third invention controls an internal combustion engine (20) including a discharge means (11) for generating discharge in the combustion chamber (10) and an electromagnetic wave radiation means (12) for radiating electromagnetic waves to the combustion chamber (10).
- the control device (30) for the internal combustion engine is intended.
- the control device (30) for the internal combustion engine includes a first operation for compressing and igniting the premixed gas in the combustion chamber (10) according to the operation state of the internal combustion engine (20), and the electromagnetic wave radiation means ( 12) Operation control means for switching to the second operation in which discharge is generated by the discharge means (11) in the combustion chamber (10) and the premixed gas is forcibly ignited without radiating electromagnetic waves from 12).
- the operation control means (31, 32, 33) is arranged between the first operation and the second operation when switching between the first operation and the second operation.
- a discharge is generated by the discharge means (11) in the combustion chamber (10), and a progress operation is performed in which electromagnetic waves are emitted from the electromagnetic wave emission means (12) with respect to the plasma formed by the discharge.
- the third invention switching between the first operation and the second operation is performed according to the operation state of the internal combustion engine (20).
- the first operation is an operation for compressing and igniting the premixed gas in the combustion chamber (10), as in the first invention.
- the second operation is an operation in which the premixed gas is forcibly ignited by the discharge means (11) in the combustion chamber (10).
- electromagnetic waves are not radiated from the electromagnetic wave radiation means (12).
- the second operation has a longer combustion time than the first operation, and the peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10) is low.
- the elapsed operation is an operation in which discharge is generated by the discharge means (11) in the combustion chamber (10) and electromagnetic waves are radiated from the electromagnetic wave emission means (12) to the plasma formed along with the discharge. is there. Unlike the second operation, the elapsed operation uses both the discharge means (11) and the electromagnetic wave radiation means (12). In the elapsed operation, as described above, the combustion reaction of the premixed gas is promoted by the OH radicals and ozone generated in the plasma forming region, and the temperature and pressure of the premixed gas in the plasma forming region are increased. Increases propagation speed.
- the elapsed operation has a shorter combustion time and a higher peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10) than the second operation that does not emit electromagnetic waves to the plasma formed by the discharge by the discharge means (11). .
- the elapsed operation has a longer combustion time and a lower peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10) than the first operation in which ignition is performed almost simultaneously at a plurality of locations of the premixed gas.
- the “combustion time” and the “peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10)” are changed between the first operation and the second operation. A progress operation is performed that takes a value between the first operation and the second operation.
- the operation control means determines an operation method based on an operation state of the internal combustion engine (20).
- a first region in which the internal combustion engine (20) performs the first operation a second region in which the internal combustion engine (20) performs the second operation, and the internal combustion engine (20 ) Is set as a progress region for executing the elapsed operation, and the elapsed region is sandwiched between the first region and the second region.
- the progress region is sandwiched between the first region and the second region. Therefore, in the process of switching between the first operation and the second operation, the coordinate value on the operation control region indicating the operation state of the internal combustion engine (20) passes through the elapsed region. Therefore, the elapsed operation is sandwiched between the first operation and the second operation.
- any one of the first to third inventions when the operation control means (31, 32, 33) switches between the first operation and the second operation, a predetermined value is set.
- the internal combustion engine (20) is caused to execute the elapsed operation for the number of cycles.
- the elapsed operation is performed for a predetermined number of cycles when switching between the first operation and the second operation. Therefore, the elapsed operation is sandwiched between the first operation and the second operation.
- the “combustion time” and the “peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10)” are the first operation between the first operation and the second operation. And a running operation that takes a value between the second operation and the second operation. For this reason, the difference between the “combustion time” and the “peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10)” between the first operation and the second operation is alleviated by the elapsed operation. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the torque fluctuation of the internal combustion engine (20) when switching the operation method.
- electromagnetic waves are radiated to the plasma formed by the discharge by the discharge means (11) over the period when the internal combustion engine (20) is switched to the second operation.
- the combustion time in the second operation is shortened, and the peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10) in the second operation is increased. Therefore, the difference between the “combustion time” and the “peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10)” between the first operation and the second operation becomes small, so the torque fluctuation of the internal combustion engine (20) when switching the operation method Can be further reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the internal combustion engine according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the control device for the internal combustion engine according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is an operation control map according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is an operation control map according to a modification of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is an operation control map according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an internal combustion engine according to another embodiment.
- Embodiment 1 is essentially preferable examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, its application, or its use.
- the first embodiment is a control device (30) (hereinafter referred to as “control device”) for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention.
- control device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention.
- the internal combustion engine (20) will be described first before the control device (30) is described.
- the internal combustion engine (20) of the first embodiment is a reciprocating type homogeneous premixed compression ignition engine. That is, the internal combustion engine (20) of the first embodiment is an HCCI (Homogeneous / Charge / Compression / Ignition) engine.
- HCCI Homogeneous / Charge / Compression / Ignition
- the internal combustion engine (20) includes a cylinder block (21), a cylinder head (22), and a piston (23).
- a plurality of cylinders (24) having a circular cross section are formed in the cylinder block (21).
- the number of cylinders (24) may be one.
- a piston (23) is slidably provided in each cylinder (24).
- the piston (23) is connected to the crankshaft via a connecting rod (connecting rod) (not shown).
- the crankshaft is rotatably supported by the cylinder block (21).
- the connecting rod converts the reciprocating motion of the piston (23) into the rotational motion of the crankshaft.
- the cylinder head (22) is placed on the cylinder block (21) with the gasket (18) in between.
- the cylinder head (22) forms a combustion chamber (10) together with the cylinder (24) and the piston (23).
- one or a plurality of intake ports (25) and exhaust ports (26) are formed for each cylinder (24).
- the intake port (25) of each cylinder (24) is provided with an intake valve (27) for opening and closing the intake port (25) and an injector (29) (fuel injection device) for injecting fuel.
- the exhaust port (26) of each cylinder (24) is provided with an exhaust valve (28) for opening and closing the exhaust port (26).
- the nozzle (29a) of the injector (29) opens to the intake port (25), and the fuel injected by the injector (29) is supplied to the air flowing through the intake port (25).
- a premixed gas in which fuel and air are mixed in advance is introduced into the combustion chamber (10).
- the cylinder head (22) is provided with one spark plug (15) for each cylinder (24).
- the spark plug (15) is fixed to the cylinder head (22).
- the spark plug (15) is connected to the ignition coil (36) and the magnetron (37) via a mixer circuit (38) that mixes the high voltage pulse and the microwave.
- the spark plug (15) is supplied with the high voltage pulse output from the ignition coil (36) and the microwave output from the magnetron (37).
- a first pulse power supply (34) is connected to the ignition coil (36).
- a second pulse power supply (35) is connected to the magnetron (37).
- the magnetron (37) is for a microwave oven (oscillation frequency 2.45 GHz).
- the spark plug (15) has both a discharge means (11) for generating discharge in the combustion chamber (10) and an electromagnetic wave emission means (12) for radiating microwaves to the combustion chamber (10). Also serves as.
- the discharge electrode (15a) of the spark plug (15) becomes a microwave antenna and radiates microwaves.
- the control device (30) is composed of an electronic control unit (Electronic Control Unit). As shown in FIG. 2, the control device (30) includes an operation state detection unit (31), an operation switching unit (32), and a command output unit (33). The control device (30) controls the internal combustion engine (20) by outputting signals (an ignition signal and a radiation signal described later) to the ignition coil (36) and the second pulse power supply (35).
- an operation state detection unit 31
- an operation switching unit 32
- a command output unit 33
- the control device (30) controls the internal combustion engine (20) by outputting signals (an ignition signal and a radiation signal described later) to the ignition coil (36) and the second pulse power supply (35).
- the operation state detection unit (31), the operation switching unit (32), and the command output unit (33) are configured to compress and ignite the premixed gas in the combustion chamber (10) according to the operation state of the internal combustion engine (20).
- the operation control means (31, 32, 33) includes an operation state detection unit (31), an operation switching unit (32), and a command output unit (33). In the first operation, no electric discharge is generated by the spark plug (15), and no microwave is emitted from the spark plug (15).
- the operation control means (31, 32, 33) causes the spark plug (15) to generate no discharge between the first operation and the second operation when switching between the first operation and the second operation. Then, after the spark plug (15) radiates microwaves to increase the temperature of the premixed gas, a progress operation in which the premixed gas is compressed and ignited is sandwiched.
- the first operation and the elapsed operation are so-called premixed compression ignition operations.
- the second operation is a so-called spark ignition operation.
- the operation control means (31, 32, 33) is configured to prevent the plasma formed with the spark discharge by the spark plug (15) during the period when the internal combustion engine (20) is switched to the second operation.
- the internal combustion engine (20) is controlled so that microwaves are emitted from the spark plug (15).
- the operation control means (31, 32, 33) is configured to prevent plasma generated with spark discharge by the spark plug (15) over a period during which the internal combustion engine (20) is switched to the second operation.
- the internal combustion engine (20) may be controlled so that microwaves are not emitted from the spark plug (15).
- the operation state detection unit (31) performs a detection operation for detecting the operation state of the internal combustion engine (20) at predetermined time intervals.
- the operating state detector (31) detects the rotational speed (rotational speed) of the internal combustion engine (20) and the load of the internal combustion engine (20) as data representing the operating state of the internal combustion engine (20).
- the operating state detector (31) detects the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine (20) based on the output signal of the rotational speed sensor (16).
- the rotation speed sensor (16) outputs a pulse signal (output signal) every time the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine (20) makes one rotation.
- the operating state detector (31) detects the load of the internal combustion engine (20) based on the output signal of the accelerator opening sensor (17).
- the accelerator opening sensor (17) outputs an opening signal (output signal) indicating the operation amount of the accelerator pedal. Note that an air flow meter that measures the flow rate of the intake air may be used instead of the accelerator opening sensor (17) when the internal combustion engine (20) is loaded.
- the operation state detection unit (31) executes the detection operation
- the operation state detection unit (31) When the operation state detection unit (31) executes the detection operation, the operation state detection unit (31) generates a detection signal indicating the operation state of the internal combustion engine (20) detected by the detection operation (current operation state of the internal combustion engine (20)). Output to 32).
- the detection signal includes data representing the current rotational speed of the internal combustion engine (20) and data representing the current load on the internal combustion engine (20).
- the operation switching unit (32) includes an operation control map that uses both the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine (20) and the load of the internal combustion engine (20) as parameters (see FIG. 3).
- the operation control map includes a first region for causing the internal combustion engine (20) to perform the first operation as an operation control region for determining an operation method based on the operation state of the internal combustion engine (20), and the internal combustion engine (20).
- a second region in which the second operation is executed and a progress region in which the internal combustion engine (20) executes the elapsed operation are set.
- the first area is an area on the low speed and low load side.
- the second area is an area on the high speed and high load side.
- the progress region is sandwiched between the first region and the second region.
- the operation switching unit (32) When the operation switching unit (32) receives the detection signal from the operation state detection unit (31), the operation switching unit (32) determines which of the first operation, the second operation, and the elapsed operation with respect to the current operation state of the internal combustion engine (20). A determination operation is performed to determine whether the driving method should be set.
- the operation switching unit (32) performs a determination operation every time a detection signal is received. The determination operation is performed using the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine (20) and the load of the internal combustion engine (20) included in the detection signal. In the determination operation, a coordinate value (hereinafter referred to as “current coordinate value”) determined by the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine (20) and the load of the internal combustion engine (20) included in the detection signal is present in any region on the operation control map.
- an operation method to be set for the current operation state of the internal combustion engine (20) (hereinafter referred to as “set operation method”) is selected.
- the operation switching unit (32) outputs a switching signal instructing switching of the operation method to the command output unit (33) when the set operation method selected in the determination operation is different from the current operation method.
- the operation switching unit (32) does not output a switching signal to the command output unit (33) when the set operation method is the same as the current operation method.
- the operation switching unit (32) outputs a first switching signal to the command output unit (33) when switching to the first operation.
- the operation switching unit (32) outputs a second switching signal to the command output unit (33) when switching to the second operation.
- the operation switching unit (32) outputs a third switching signal to the command output unit (33) when switching to the elapsed operation.
- the command output unit (33) is set to the first operation mode when receiving the first switching signal.
- the command output unit (33) causes the internal combustion engine (20) to perform the first operation during the period set in the first operation mode. Further, when the command output unit (33) receives the second switching signal, the command output unit (33) is set to the second operation mode.
- the command output unit (33) causes the internal combustion engine (20) to perform the second operation during the period set in the second operation mode. Further, when the command output unit (33) receives the third switching signal, the command output unit (33) is set to the elapsed operation mode.
- the command output unit (33) causes the internal combustion engine (20) to perform the elapsed operation during the period set in the elapsed operation mode.
- the current coordinate value moves from the first region to the elapsed region.
- the operation switching unit (32) outputs the third switching signal to the command output unit (33)
- the command output unit (33) is set to the elapsed operation mode, and the internal combustion engine (20) performs the elapsed operation.
- the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine (20) and the load on the internal combustion engine (20) further increase, the current coordinate value moves from the elapsed region to the second region.
- the operation switching unit (32) outputs the second switching signal to the command output unit (33)
- the command output unit (33) is set to the second operation mode, and the internal combustion engine (20) performs the second operation. Do.
- the operation method of the internal combustion engine (20) changes from the first operation to the second operation through the elapsed operation. Can be switched.
- the current coordinate value moves from the second region to the elapsed region.
- the operation switching unit (32) outputs the third switching signal to the command output unit (33)
- the command output unit (33) is set to the elapsed operation mode, and the internal combustion engine (20) performs the elapsed operation.
- the current coordinate value moves from the elapsed region to the first region.
- the operation switching unit (32) outputs the first switching signal to the command output unit (33)
- the command output unit (33) is set to the first operation mode, and the internal combustion engine (20) performs the first operation. Do.
- the operation mode of the internal combustion engine (20) is changed from the second operation to the first operation through the elapsed operation. Can be switched.
- control device (30) The operation of the control device (30) will be described. First, the operation of the control device (30) in the state set in the first operation mode will be described. Below, operation
- the intake valve (27) is opened and the intake stroke is started.
- the command output unit (33) outputs an injection signal to the injector (29) immediately after the start of the intake stroke, and causes the injector (29) to inject fuel.
- a premixed gas in which air and fuel are premixed flows into the combustion chamber (10). Then, immediately after the piston (23) passes through the bottom dead center, the intake valve (27) is closed, and the intake stroke ends.
- a compression stroke for compressing the premixed gas in the combustion chamber (10) is started.
- the compression stroke when the piston (23) moves near the top dead center, the combustion of the premixed gas is started by self-ignition.
- the piston (23) is moved to the bottom dead center side by the expansion force when the premixed gas burns.
- the exhaust valve (28) is opened and the exhaust stroke is started.
- the exhaust valve (28) is closed before the piston (23) passes the midpoint of the stroke and reaches top dead center.
- the exhaust stroke ends.
- the exhaust valve (28) is closed before the piston (23) reaches top dead center, so that the exhaust gas remains in the combustion chamber (10). That is, in the first operation, an internal EGR system operation is performed.
- the first operation ignition occurs almost simultaneously in a plurality of locations of the premixed gas. Strictly speaking, there is an extremely short time difference in the ignition timing of each part.
- the temperature of the premixed gas generally increases during the compression stroke of the premixed gas. Therefore, at the time of the first ignition, the unignited premixed gas is in a state just before ignition.
- ignition occurs one after another in an extremely short time, and a flame spreads from each ignition point. In this way, in the first operation, ignition occurs almost simultaneously at a plurality of locations of the premixed gas, so that the first operation has a very short combustion time and a very high internal pressure peak value in the combustion chamber (10).
- the intake valve (27) is opened and the intake stroke is started.
- the exhaust valve (28) is closed and the exhaust stroke ends.
- the command output unit (33) outputs an injection signal to the injector (29) immediately after the exhaust stroke is finished, and causes the injector (29) to inject fuel. Thereby, the premixed gas flows into the combustion chamber (10). Then, immediately after the piston (23) passes through the bottom dead center, the intake valve (27) is closed, and the intake stroke ends.
- the command output unit (33) When the intake stroke is completed, a compression stroke for compressing the premixed gas in the combustion chamber (10) is started. Then, before the premixed gas self-ignites in the compression stroke, the command output unit (33) outputs an ignition signal to the ignition coil (36). As a result, the voltage pulse output from the first pulse power supply (34) is boosted in the ignition coil (36), and the ignition coil (36) outputs a high voltage pulse to the mixer circuit (38). On the other hand, the command output unit (33) outputs a radiation signal to the second pulse power source (35) before the premixed gas self-ignites in the compression stroke. Thereby, a voltage pulse is supplied from the second pulse power source (35) to the magnetron (37), and the magnetron (37) outputs a microwave to the mixer circuit (38).
- the mixer circuit (38) the high voltage pulse output from the ignition coil (36) and the microwave output from the magnetron (37) are mixed. Then, the mixed high voltage pulse and microwave are supplied to the discharge electrode (15a) of the spark plug (15). As a result, a spark discharge is generated by a high voltage pulse between the discharge electrode (15a) and the ground electrode (15b) of the spark plug (15), and a small-scale plasma is formed. And a microwave is radiated
- the premixed gas is forcibly ignited by spark discharge.
- spark discharge As a result, the combustion of the premixed gas is started.
- the flame expands from the part ignited by the spark discharge.
- the second operation has fewer ignition points than the first operation. Therefore, the second operation has a longer combustion time than the first operation, and the peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10) is low.
- the second operation a large amount of highly active chemical species such as OH radicals and ozone are generated in a short time from the premixed gas in the plasma formation region.
- the combustion reaction of the premixed gas is promoted by OH radicals and ozone.
- the temperature and pressure of the premixed gas in the plasma formation region increase. Accordingly, the propagation speed of the flame is increased.
- the second operation has a shorter combustion time and a peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10) than the case where microwaves are not emitted to the plasma formed by the spark discharge by the spark plug (15). Is expensive.
- the piston (23) When the combustion of the premixed gas is started, the piston (23) is moved to the bottom dead center side by the expansion force when the premixed gas is burned. Then, before the piston (23) passes the middle point of the stroke and reaches the bottom dead center, the exhaust valve (28) is opened and the exhaust stroke is started. As described above, the exhaust stroke ends immediately after the start of the intake stroke.
- the radiation signal is output before the spark discharge occurs between the electrodes (15a, 15b) of the spark plug (15), and the microwave is radiated before the spark discharge occurs.
- the microwave is continuously emitted until after the spark discharge occurs. Microwaves are emitted over a very short time.
- the radiation time of the microwave per time is defined by the pulse width of the voltage pulse output from the second pulse power source (35) to the magnetron (37).
- the output start timing of the radiation signal is not limited before spark discharge occurs between the electrodes (15a, 15b) of the spark plug (15). If the microwave emission is started before the small-scale plasma is extinguished, the output start timing of the emission signal may be after the spark discharge occurs.
- the microwave radiation time (pulse width of the voltage pulse output from the second pulse power source (35) to the magnetron (37)) per time is such that the expanded plasma does not become thermal plasma. In other words, it is set to a predetermined time or less so as to be maintained by non-equilibrium plasma. Note that the microwave radiation time per time may be set to a predetermined time or longer so that the expanded plasma becomes thermal plasma. In addition, in order to suppress the generation of thermal NOx, the microwave emission time per time is set to a predetermined time or less so that the temperature of the premixed gas does not exceed a predetermined temperature (for example, 1800 ° C.). May be.
- a predetermined temperature for example, 1800 ° C.
- the energy density of the plasma formed by the discharge by the spark plug (15) is set to be equal to or higher than the minimum ignition energy so that the premixed gas is ignited by the spark discharge by the spark plug (15).
- the energy density of the plasma formed with the discharge by the spark plug (15) less than the minimum ignition energy.
- the premixed gas is not ignited by the spark discharge by the spark plug (15), but the premixed gas is forcibly ignited by the expansion of the small-scale plasma by the microwave.
- the command output unit (33) does not output an ignition signal, but outputs a radiation signal to the second pulse power source (35) at a predetermined timing before the premixed gas self-ignites in the compression stroke.
- a voltage pulse is supplied from the second pulse power source (35) to the magnetron (37), and the magnetron (37) outputs a microwave.
- the microwave is radiated from the discharge electrode (15a) of the spark plug (15) to the combustion chamber (10) through the mixer circuit (38).
- the temperature of the premixed gas in the strong electric field region is greatly increased by the microwave radiation from the spark plug (15).
- the first ignition occurs in a region of the premixed gas where the temperature is greatly increased by the microwave.
- the region where the temperature does not increase so much by the microwave does not become the state just before the ignition. Accordingly, in the elapsed operation, the time from the first ignition to the last ignition becomes longer than that in the first operation. For this reason, the elapsed operation has a longer combustion time than the first operation, and the peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10) is low.
- the elapsed operation has more ignition points than the second operation, so the combustion time is shorter and the peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10) is higher than in the second operation.
- the “combustion time” and the “peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10)” are changed between the first operation and the second operation.
- a progress operation is performed that takes a value between the first operation and the second operation.
- the difference between the “combustion time” and the “peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10)” between the first operation and the second operation is alleviated by the elapsed operation. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the torque fluctuation of the internal combustion engine (20) when switching the operation method.
- microwaves are radiated to the plasma formed along with the spark discharge by the spark plug (15) over the period when the internal combustion engine (20) is switched to the second operation.
- the combustion time in the second operation is shortened. Therefore, the difference between the “combustion time” and the “peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10)” between the first operation and the second operation becomes small, so the torque fluctuation of the internal combustion engine (20) when switching the operation method Can be further reduced.
- the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the second operation and the elapsed operation.
- the point that the control device (30) sandwiches the elapsed operation between the first operation and the second operation when switching between the first operation and the second operation is the same as in the first embodiment.
- the first operation is an operation for compressing and igniting the premixed gas in the combustion chamber (10), and is the same as in the first embodiment.
- the second operation is an operation for forcibly igniting the premixed gas by generating a spark discharge by the spark plug (15) in the combustion chamber (10) without emitting electromagnetic waves from the spark plug (15).
- the elapsed operation is an operation in which spark discharge is generated by the spark plug (15) in the combustion chamber (10) and electromagnetic waves are radiated from the spark plug (15) to the plasma formed along with the spark discharge.
- the elapsed operation is the same as the second operation of the first embodiment.
- the first operation is a so-called premixed compression ignition operation
- the second operation is a so-called spark ignition operation.
- the first operation is the same as the first operation of the first embodiment, and the elapsed operation is the same as the second operation of the first embodiment. For this reason, only operation
- the intake valve (27) is opened and the intake stroke is started.
- the exhaust valve (28) is closed and the exhaust stroke ends.
- the command output unit (33) outputs an injection signal to the injector (29) immediately after the exhaust stroke is finished, and causes the injector (29) to inject fuel. Thereby, the premixed gas flows into the combustion chamber (10). Then, immediately after the piston (23) passes through the bottom dead center, the intake valve (27) is closed, and the intake stroke ends.
- the command output unit (33) When the intake stroke is completed, a compression stroke for compressing the premixed gas in the combustion chamber (10) is started. Then, before the premixed gas self-ignites in the compression stroke, the command output unit (33) outputs an ignition signal to the ignition coil (36). Thereby, the voltage pulse output from the first pulse power supply (34) is boosted in the ignition coil (36). The high voltage pulse output from the ignition coil (36) is supplied to the discharge electrode (15a) of the spark plug (15) via the mixer circuit (38). As a result, a spark discharge is generated by a high voltage pulse between the discharge electrode (15a) and the ground electrode (15b) of the spark plug (15), and the premixed gas is forcibly ignited.
- the piston (23) When combustion of the premixed gas is started by spark discharge, the piston (23) is moved to the bottom dead center side by the expansion force when the premixed gas is burned. Then, before the piston (23) passes the middle point of the stroke and reaches the bottom dead center, the exhaust valve (28) is opened and the exhaust stroke is started. As described above, the exhaust stroke ends immediately after the start of the intake stroke.
- the combustion time is extremely short and the peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10) is extremely high.
- the second operation has a longer combustion time than the first operation, and the peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10) is low.
- the combustion reaction of the premixed gas is promoted by the OH radicals and ozone generated in the plasma forming region, and the temperature and pressure of the premixed gas in the plasma forming region are increased. Increase.
- the elapsed operation has a shorter combustion time and a peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10). high. Further, the elapsed operation has a longer combustion time and a lower peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10) than the first operation in which ignition is performed almost simultaneously at a plurality of locations of the premixed gas.
- the “combustion time” and the “internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10) are changed between the first operation and the second operation.
- the elapsed operation in which the “peak value” is a value between the first operation and the second operation is performed.
- control device (30) sandwiches the first elapsed operation and the second elapsed operation between the first operation and the second operation when switching between the first operation and the second operation.
- the first operation and the second operation are the same as those in the second embodiment.
- the second elapsed region for executing the two elapsed operation is sandwiched.
- the first elapsed region is located closer to the first region than the second elapsed region.
- the first elapsed operation is an operation in which the premixed gas is compressed and ignited after raising the temperature of the premixed gas by radiating electromagnetic waves from the spark plug (15) without causing discharge by the spark plug (15). . That is, the first elapsed operation is the elapsed operation of the first embodiment.
- the second elapsed operation a spark discharge is generated by the spark plug (15) in the combustion chamber (10), and electromagnetic waves are radiated from the spark plug (15) to the plasma formed along with the spark discharge.
- the second elapsed operation is the elapsed operation of the second embodiment.
- the second elapsed operation has a longer combustion time and a lower peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10).
- the operation shifts to an operation in which the combustion time is long and the peak value of the internal pressure of the combustion chamber (10) is low toward the high speed and high load side.
- the above embodiment may be configured as follows.
- the control device (30) is configured to cause the internal combustion engine (20) to execute the elapsed operation for a predetermined number of cycles when switching between the first operation and the second operation. May be.
- the first region and the second region are adjacent to each other in the operation control map.
- the internal combustion engine (20) is switched to the second operation after executing the elapsed operation for a predetermined number of cycles. Further, when the current coordinate value moves from the second region to the first region, the internal combustion engine (20) cannot be immediately switched to the first operation.
- the internal combustion engine (20) is switched to the first operation after executing the elapsed operation for a predetermined number of cycles.
- the control device (30) switches between the first operation and the second operation. In this case, first, the internal combustion engine (20) executes the first elapsed operation for a predetermined number of cycles, and then the internal combustion engine (20) performs the second elapsed operation for the predetermined number of cycles.
- the microwave when switching from the first operation to the second operation, the microwave is applied to the timing at which the premixed gas self-ignites.
- the output start timing of the microwave is gradually separated and earlier, and when switching from the second operation to the first operation, the microwave output start timing gradually approaches and becomes slower than the timing when the premixed gas self-ignites.
- the microwave output start timing may be changed.
- the microwave intensity when switching from the first operation to the second operation, the intensity of the microwave gradually increases, and the second operation When switching from the first operation to the first operation, the microwave intensity may be changed so that the microwave intensity gradually decreases.
- the intensity of the microwave when switching from the first operation to the second operation, gradually decreases, and the second operation When switching from to the first operation, the intensity of the microwave may be changed so that the intensity of the microwave gradually increases.
- the application location of the high voltage pulse and the oscillation location of the microwave may be separate in the combustion chamber (10).
- a microwave antenna (12) is provided separately from the discharge electrode (15a) of the spark plug (15).
- the mixer circuit (38) is not necessary, the ignition coil (36) and the spark plug (15) are directly connected, and the magnetron (37) and the electromagnetic wave radiation antenna (12) are directly connected.
- the microwave antenna (12) is integrated with the spark plug (15), but the microwave antenna (12) may be separated from the spark plug (15).
- the nozzle (29a) of the injector (29) may be opened to the combustion chamber (10).
- fuel is injected from the nozzle (29a) of the injector (29) into the combustion chamber (10).
- a premixed gas in which fuel and air are premixed is generated in the combustion chamber (10).
- the present invention switches between the first operation in which the premixed gas is compressed and ignited in the combustion chamber and the second operation in which the premixed gas is forcibly ignited by the discharge means in the combustion chamber. It is useful for the control device.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
《実施形態1》
-内燃機関の構成-
-制御装置の構成-
-制御装置の動作-
-実施形態1の効果-
《実施形態2》
-実施形態2の変形例-
《その他の実施形態》
11 放電手段
12 電磁波放射手段
15 スパークプラグ(放電手段、電磁波放射手段)
20 内燃機関
30 内燃機関の制御装置
31 運転状態検出部(運転制御手段)
32 運転切替部(運転制御手段)
33 指令出力部(運転制御手段)
Claims (5)
- 燃焼室(10)において放電を生じさせる放電手段(11)と、燃焼室(10)に電磁波を放射する電磁波放射手段(12)とを備える内燃機関(20)を制御する内燃機関の制御装置であって、
上記内燃機関(20)の運転状態に応じて、上記燃焼室(10)において予混合気を圧縮着火させる第1運転と、上記燃焼室(10)において上記放電手段(11)により放電を生じさせて予混合気を強制的に着火させる第2運転との切り替えを行う運転制御手段(31,32,33)を備え、
上記運転制御手段(31,32,33)は、上記第1運転と上記第2運転との切り替えの際に、上記第1運転と上記第2運転との間に、上記放電手段(11)により放電を生じさせることなく、上記電磁波放射手段(12)から電磁波を放射して予混合気の温度を上昇させた後に予混合気を圧縮着火させる経過運転を挟む
ことを特徴とする内燃機関の制御装置。 - 請求項1において、
上記運転制御手段(31,32,33)は、上記内燃機関(20)を上記第2運転に切り替えている期間に亘って、上記放電手段(11)による放電に伴って形成されるプラズマに対して上記電磁波放射手段(12)から電磁波が放射されるように上記内燃機関(20)を制御する
ことを特徴とする内燃機関の制御装置。 - 燃焼室(10)において放電を生じさせる放電手段(11)と、燃焼室(10)に電磁波を放射する電磁波放射手段(12)とを備える内燃機関(20)を制御する内燃機関の制御装置であって、
上記内燃機関(20)の運転状態に応じて、上記燃焼室(10)において予混合気を圧縮着火させる第1運転と、上記電磁波放射手段(12)から電磁波を放射することなく、上記燃焼室(10)において上記放電手段(11)により放電を生じさせて予混合気を強制的に着火させる第2運転との切り替えを行う運転制御手段(31,32,33)を備え、
上記運転制御手段(31,32,33)は、上記第1運転と上記第2運転との切り替えの際に、上記第1運転と上記第2運転との間に、上記燃焼室(10)において上記放電手段(11)により放電を生じさせると共に、該放電に伴って形成されるプラズマに対して上記電磁波放射手段(12)から電磁波を放射する経過運転を挟む
ことを特徴とする内燃機関の制御装置。 - 請求項1乃至3の何れか1つにおいて、
上記運転制御手段(31,32,33)には、上記内燃機関(20)の運転状態に基づいて運転方式を決めるための運転制御領域として、上記内燃機関(20)に上記第1運転を実行させる第1領域と、上記内燃機関(20)に上記第2運転を実行させる第2領域と、上記内燃機関(20)に上記経過運転を実行させる経過領域とが設定され、該経過領域が上記第1領域と上記第2領域との間に挟まれている
ことを特徴とする内燃機関の制御装置。 - 請求項1乃至3の何れか1つにおいて、
上記運転制御手段(31,32,33)は、上記第1運転と上記第2運転との切り替えの際に、所定のサイクル数だけ上記経過運転を上記内燃機関(20)に実行させる
ことを特徴とする内燃機関の制御装置。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201080053954.9A CN102762834B (zh) | 2009-11-30 | 2010-10-22 | 内燃机控制装置 |
EP10833009.3A EP2508729A4 (en) | 2009-11-30 | 2010-10-22 | Internal combustion engine control device |
US13/512,729 US9359934B2 (en) | 2009-11-30 | 2010-10-22 | Internal combustion engine control device |
JP2011543177A JP5681902B2 (ja) | 2009-11-30 | 2010-10-22 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
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JP2009-272990 | 2009-11-30 | ||
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US (1) | US9359934B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2508729A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5681902B2 (ja) |
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JP2015063938A (ja) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-04-09 | マツダ株式会社 | 圧縮着火式エンジンの制御装置 |
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US9867270B2 (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2018-01-09 | Imagineering, Inc. | Electromagnetic wave emission device |
CN105221319A (zh) * | 2015-08-31 | 2016-01-06 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | 一种用于点火和辅助燃烧的滑动放电反应器 |
US20180340507A1 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2018-11-29 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method and apparatus for controlling operation of an internal combustion engine |
CN108779754A (zh) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-11-09 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | 内燃发动机和点燃燃料的方法 |
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US9359934B2 (en) | 2016-06-07 |
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JPWO2011065162A1 (ja) | 2013-04-11 |
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