WO2011058660A1 - 撮像装置およびその制御方法 - Google Patents
撮像装置およびその制御方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011058660A1 WO2011058660A1 PCT/JP2009/069456 JP2009069456W WO2011058660A1 WO 2011058660 A1 WO2011058660 A1 WO 2011058660A1 JP 2009069456 W JP2009069456 W JP 2009069456W WO 2011058660 A1 WO2011058660 A1 WO 2011058660A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- transfer
- photoelectric conversion
- lens
- reset
- image
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B7/00—Control of exposure by setting shutters, diaphragms or filters, separately or conjointly
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/50—Control of the SSIS exposure
- H04N25/53—Control of the integration time
- H04N25/531—Control of the integration time by controlling rolling shutters in CMOS SSIS
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
- G03B17/02—Bodies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
- H04N25/62—Detection or reduction of noise due to excess charges produced by the exposure, e.g. smear, blooming, ghost image, crosstalk or leakage between pixels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/77—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an image pickup apparatus that picks up an image using an image pickup element and a control method thereof, and more particularly, to an image pickup apparatus that picks up an image using an image pickup element such as a CMOS image sensor that reads out each pixel signal by an XY address method and its control Regarding the method.
- an image pickup apparatus that picks up an image using an image pickup element such as a CMOS image sensor that reads out each pixel signal by an XY address method and its control Regarding the method.
- CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide
- the exposure time varies due to the positional accuracy variation error and the shutter blade operation accuracy variation error that occur during assembly. There is. In particular, at the time of high-speed shutter, the ratio of error to the exposure time becomes large.
- image sensors have an electronic shutter function.
- the electronic shutter function starts exposure by resetting the pixels of the image sensor, and ends the exposure by reading signals of the pixels of the image sensor.
- the start and end of exposure are controlled only by the function of the image sensor, accurate exposure time control from a low-speed shutter to a high-speed shutter can be realized.
- the electronic shutter function in the CMOS type image sensor scans a number of pixels arranged two-dimensionally sequentially for each pixel row and reads out the signal, so that the exposure period is shifted for each row.
- FIG. 9B of Patent Document 1 when a straight subject S is moving in the vertical direction, the subject S is tilted in a still image obtained by capturing the subject S. There is a problem that it is reflected in.
- Such an electronic shutter function of the CMOS image sensor is called a rolling shutter or a focal plane shutter.
- CMOS type image sensor in which the shutters are simultaneously turned off for all rows so that the exposure periods are matched (for example, see FIG. 11 of Patent Document 1).
- the photodiodes are simultaneously reset at a certain point in time, and the charges of the photodiodes are transferred to the floating diffusion (FD) at the same time after a predetermined exposure time. Then, the signals transferred to the FD are sequentially output line by line. In this way, as shown in FIG. 11B of Patent Document 1, even when the linear subject S moves in the vertical direction, the still image obtained by capturing the subject S does not Will not tilt.
- the readout direction of the CMOS image sensor in units of rows and the light shielding direction of the mechanical shutter are made the same, and the photodiode is reset so as to match the light shielding operation of the mechanical shutter.
- an imaging device that controls transfer to the FD see, for example, Patent Document 2.
- the time from the transfer of the signal to the FD until the light is shielded by the mechanical shutter can be made equal for all rows, so that the vertical difference in light leakage is eliminated.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and prevents distortion of a captured image caused by an XY readout image sensor, and suppresses deterioration of a captured image caused by light leakage into a pixel.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an image pickup apparatus.
- an imaging apparatus includes a photoelectric conversion unit that generates a charge according to an incident light amount by photoelectric conversion, a storage unit that stores a charge generated by the photoelectric conversion unit, and the photoelectric conversion unit.
- An imaging device comprising a plurality of pixels each having a two-dimensional arrangement and a transfer means for transferring charge from the conversion means to the storage means and a reset means for resetting the storage means, and at least one lens.
- the photoelectric conversion means and the storage means are simultaneously reset in all rows by turning on the reset means and the transfer means in all rows of the cylinder and the image pickup device, and then the photoelectric conversion means is turned off by turning off the transfer means.
- the photoelectric conversion by the conversion means is started, and after the set exposure time has elapsed, the transfer means is turned on at the same time for all rows to transfer charges from the photoelectric conversion means to the storage means.
- control method of the imaging apparatus includes a photoelectric conversion unit that generates a charge corresponding to the amount of incident light by photoelectric conversion, a storage unit that stores the charge generated by the photoelectric conversion unit, and the photoelectric conversion unit.
- a first lens comprising an image pickup device in which a plurality of pixels each having a transfer means for transferring charge to the storage means and a reset means for resetting the storage means are arranged two-dimensionally, and at least one lens
- a second lens unit that is located between the first lens unit and the image pickup device, and the second lens unit includes a unit and at least one lens having the same optical axis as the first lens unit.
- a method for controlling an image pickup apparatus comprising: resetting the photoelectric conversion means and the storage means simultaneously in all rows by turning on the reset means and the transfer means in all rows of the image pickup device; The photoelectric conversion by the photoelectric conversion means is started by turning off, and after the set exposure time has passed, the transfer means is turned on simultaneously to transfer charges from the photoelectric conversion means to the storage means, and then the light shielding The photoelectric conversion means is shielded from light by operating the means, and thereafter, the voltage corresponding to the electric charge accumulated in the accumulation unit is controlled so as to be sequentially read out for each row.
- the exposure period of all rows is made to coincide with each other by simultaneous reset and all row transfer of the image sensor, and then the light shielding means in the optical barrel is operated to leak light into the pixel circuit.
- the captured image is no longer distorted and the occurrence of a light leak top-bottom difference can be avoided.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the imaging apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the image pickup apparatus of this embodiment can be applied to an electronic still camera with a moving image function, a video camera, or the like.
- An imaging apparatus shown in FIG. 1 includes an optical barrel 101, an imaging element 102, a preprocessing unit 103, a signal processing unit 104, a compression / decompression unit 105, a synchronization control unit 106, an operation unit 107, an image display unit 108, and an image recording unit 109.
- the optical barrel 101 includes a lens for condensing light from a subject on the image sensor 102, a drive mechanism for moving the lens to perform zooming and focusing, a mechanical shutter mechanism, an aperture mechanism, and the like.
- the movable unit is driven based on a control signal from the synchronization control unit 106.
- the image sensor 102 is an XY readout type CMOS image sensor or the like, and the timing of exposure, signal readout, reset, and the like is controlled in accordance with a control signal from the synchronization control unit 106 (control means).
- the pre-processing unit 103 includes a CDS (Correlated Double Sampling) circuit, an AGC (Auto Gain Control) circuit, an AD converter circuit, and the like, and operates under the control of the synchronization control unit 106.
- the CDS circuit removes fixed pattern noise caused by variations in the threshold values of the transistors in the pixel circuit by performing CDS processing on the output signal of the image sensor 102, and increases the S / N (Signal / Noise) ratio. Sample and hold to keep it good.
- the AGC circuit controls the gain by AGC processing, and the AD converter circuit converts the analog image signal from the CDS / AGC circuit into a digital image signal.
- the signal processing unit 104 performs white balance adjustment processing, color correction processing, AF (Auto-Focus) processing, AE (Auto) on the image signal digitized by the preprocessing unit 103 under the control of the synchronization control unit 106. Perform signal processing such as exposure processing.
- the compression / decompression unit 105 operates under the control of the synchronization control unit 106, and compresses the image signal from the signal processing unit 104 in a predetermined still image data format such as JPEG (Joint Photographic Coding Experts Group) method. Process. Further, the compression / decompression unit 105 performs decompression decoding processing on the encoded data of the still image supplied from the synchronization control unit 106. Further, the compression / decompression unit 105 may be able to execute a compression encoding / decompression decoding process of a moving image by an MPEG (Moving / Picture / Experts / Group) method or the like.
- MPEG Motion Picture / Experts /
- the synchronization control unit 106 includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and the like, and by executing a program stored in the ROM or the like, Control all parts centrally.
- the operation unit 107 includes, for example, various operation keys such as a shutter release button, a lever, and a dial, and outputs a control signal according to an input operation by the user to the synchronization control unit 106.
- the image display unit 108 includes a display device such as an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and an interface circuit for the display device.
- the image display unit 108 converts the image signal supplied from the synchronization control unit 106 into a video signal for display and supplies it to the display device to display an image.
- the image recording unit 109 receives the image data file encoded by the compression / decompression unit 105 from the synchronization control unit 106, and records it on, for example, a portable semiconductor memory, an optical disk, a HDD (Hard Disk Drive), a magnetic tape, or the like. . Further, data designated based on a control signal from the synchronization control unit 106 is read from these recording media and output to the synchronization control unit 106.
- Image signals output from the image sensor 102 are sequentially supplied to the preprocessing unit 103, subjected to CDS processing and AGC processing, and then converted into digital image signals by an AD converter.
- the signal processing unit 104 performs image quality correction processing on the digital image signal from the preprocessing unit 103 and supplies the digital image signal to the image display unit 108 via the synchronization control unit 106 as a camera-through image signal.
- the image display unit 108 displays a camera-through image, and the user can adjust the angle of view by looking at the displayed image.
- an image signal for one frame from the image sensor 102 is controlled by the synchronization control unit 106 and the pre-processing unit 103. Is taken in by the signal processing unit 104.
- the signal processing unit 104 performs image quality correction processing on the captured image signal for one frame, and supplies the processed image signal to the compression / decompression unit 105.
- the compression / decompression unit 105 compresses and encodes the input image signal, and supplies the generated encoded data to the image recording unit 109 via the synchronization control unit 106. Then, the image recording unit 109 records the captured still image data file on a recording medium.
- the synchronization control unit 106 When reproducing a still image, the synchronization control unit 106 reads the selected data file from the recording medium of the image recording unit 109 and supplies it to the compression / decompression unit 105 in response to an operation input from the operation unit 107. The decompression decoding process is executed. The decoded image signal is supplied to the image display unit 108 via the synchronization control unit 106, and a still image is reproduced and displayed.
- the image signal for a plurality of continuous frames from the image sensor 102 is controlled by the synchronization control unit 106. It is taken into the signal processing unit 104 via the preprocessing unit 103.
- the signal processing unit 104 sequentially processes the captured image signals for a plurality of frames and supplies them to the compression / decompression unit 105.
- the compression / decompression unit 105 performs compression encoding processing on the supplied image signal to generate moving image encoded data, and sequentially transfers the encoded data to the image recording unit 109.
- the synchronization control unit 106 When playing back a moving image, the synchronization control unit 106 reads the selected data file from the recording medium of the image recording unit 109 and supplies the selected data file to the compression / decompression unit 105 in response to an operation input from the operation unit 107. The decompression decoding process is executed. The decoded image signal is supplied to the image display unit 108 via the synchronization control unit 106, and a moving image is reproduced and displayed.
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the function of the optical barrel 101 having three groups of lenses.
- the subject 401 at position P11, the first lens group 402 (first lens unit) at position P12, the second lens group 403 (second lens unit) at position P13, and the third at position P14.
- the arrangement is a lens group 404 (third lens unit).
- the subject image 405 is formed on the image forming surface at the position P15.
- the first lens group 402, the second lens group 403, and the third lens group 404 are composed of at least one lens.
- the lens group is composed of a plurality of lenses, the positional relationship between the lenses in the same lens group is fixed, but the relative positional relationship between the lens groups moves to perform zooming and focusing. It will be.
- the imaging area of the imaging element 102 is arranged at the position of the imaging plane P15.
- a region sandwiched between the solid line 432 and the solid line 433 indicates a range in which the light flux of the subject upper end 431 is incident on the first lens group 402, and a region sandwiched between the solid line 442 and the solid line 443 is the first lens group 402.
- the range in which the luminous flux of the subject center 441 enters is shown.
- a region sandwiched between the solid line 452 and the solid line 453 indicates a range in which the luminous flux of the subject lower end 451 is incident on the first lens group 402.
- the region sandwiched between the solid line 435 and the solid line 436 indicates the range of the light flux that passes through the second lens group 403 and forms an image on the upper end 434 of the subject image.
- the region sandwiched between the solid line 445 and the solid line 446 is the second region.
- a range of a light beam that passes through the lens group 403 and forms an image on the subject image center 444 is shown.
- a region sandwiched between the solid line 455 and the solid line 456 indicates a range of light flux that passes through the second lens group 403 and forms an image on the lower end 454 of the subject image.
- the first lens group 402 and the second lens group 403 often implement a zoom function.
- the first lens group 402 may be configured to have a magnification function
- the second lens group 403 may be configured to have a function of correcting an imaging position.
- the third lens group 404 is located closest to the image plane and generally has a small lens aperture and is often light, so that it often has a focusing function that requires positional accuracy and moving speed.
- the diaphragm a light amount adjusting means for adjusting the amount of light incident on the image sensor
- the diaphragm is disposed between the first lens group 402 and the second lens group 403, but is not shown in FIG.
- the position of the mechanical shutter is P22 and P23, it is between the first lens group 402 and the second lens group 403 constituting the zoom lens.
- This position corresponds to the pupil plane (Fourier transform plane), and light from the subject is converted into a spatial frequency, so that the light flux from the subject can be simultaneously reduced. Therefore, the diaphragm is placed at this position. In order to shield the subject image without causing uneven exposure, it is desirable to place the mechanical shutter at this position.
- the positions P21 to P26 are positions before and after each lens group. This is because it is assumed that each lens group moves together with the lens group to move in order to perform zooming and focusing. Further, when the lens group is composed of a plurality of lenses, a mechanical shutter may be placed between the lenses in the lens group.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a cross section of the optical barrel 101 of the present embodiment.
- the optical barrel 101 includes a fixed barrel 501 fixed to the imaging device 500, a first barrel 511 in which a first lens group 510 and a first lens group are arranged, and a second lens group.
- the second lens barrel 521 includes a diaphragm 525 (light amount adjusting means) and a mechanical shutter 526 (light shielding means).
- the first lens barrel 511 is movable with respect to the second lens barrel 521 in the optical axis direction.
- the second lens barrel 521 is movable in the optical axis direction with respect to the fixed lens barrel 501.
- the third lens barrel 531 is also movable in the optical axis direction with respect to the fixed lens barrel 501.
- a spiral groove is provided inside the second lens barrel 521, and a guide pin for the groove is provided outside the first lens barrel 511.
- the first lens barrel 511 is rotated by a drive conversion unit 514 including a drive shaft 513 extending from the imaging device main body 500 and a gear, so that the guide pin of the first lens barrel 511 is located inside the second lens barrel 521.
- the first lens barrel 511 can move in the optical axis direction with respect to the second lens barrel 521.
- the second lens barrel 521 is rotated with respect to the fixed lens barrel 501 by the rotation of the second lens barrel 521 by a drive conversion unit 524 including a drive shaft 523 extending from the imaging device main body 500 and a gear. It can move in the optical axis direction.
- the third lens barrel 531 is rotated with respect to the fixed lens barrel 501 by the rotation of the third lens barrel 531 by a drive conversion unit 534 including a drive shaft 533 extending from the imaging device main body 500 and a gear. Can move in the direction of the optical axis.
- a control line from the synchronization control unit 106 may be used instead of the drive shaft, and a motor may be used as the drive conversion unit. Similar operations are possible.
- the zoom function is realized by the first lens group 510 and the second lens group 520, and the focusing function is realized by the third lens group 530, as in FIG. Is realized.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the diaphragm 525 in FIG.
- the diaphragm 525 is an iris diaphragm in which the diameter of the opening 804 is continuously changed by combining the diaphragm blades 801, 802, and 803. For this reason, the amount of light can be adjusted continuously.
- the shape of the opening 804 is ideally circular, but usually has a number of corners corresponding to the number of aperture blades used. In the present embodiment, the case where there are three aperture blades will be described, but an aperture having more aperture blades may be used as necessary.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the mechanical shutter 526 in FIG.
- the mechanical shutter 526 can shield the imaging surface by using the shutter blades 911 and 921.
- shutter blades 911 and 921 are rotatable about rotation shafts 912 and 922, respectively.
- the shutter blades 911 and 921 are provided with guide holes 913 and 923, respectively, and a drive pin 931 that can be moved up and down is disposed through both guide holes.
- the guide holes 913 and 923 become wider as the distance from the rotation shafts 912 and 922 of the corresponding shutter blades goes downward, and when the drive pin 931 is moved upward, the opening 941 is closed and shielded from light. When it is moved downward, it operates to open the opening 941.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the image sensor 102 and its surrounding analog circuits.
- the image pickup element 102 (CMOS type image sensor) of the present embodiment is provided with the following components on a semiconductor substrate 200. That is, a pixel unit (imaging region) 210, a constant current unit 220, a column signal processing unit 230, a vertical selection unit 240, a horizontal selection unit 250, a horizontal signal line 260, an output processing unit 270, and a TG (Timing Generator) 280 are provided. ing.
- the pixel unit 210 has a large number of pixels arranged in a two-dimensional matrix, and each pixel is provided with a pixel circuit as will be described later with reference to FIG.
- the pixel signal from the pixel unit 210 is output to the column signal processing unit 230 through a vertical signal line described later for each pixel column.
- a constant current source for supplying a bias current to each pixel is arranged for each pixel column.
- the vertical selection unit 240 selects each pixel of the pixel unit 210 one row at a time, and drives and controls the reset operation and readout operation of each pixel.
- the column signal processing unit 230 receives the signal of each pixel for each row through the vertical signal line, performs predetermined signal processing for each column, and temporarily holds the signal. For example, CDS processing, AGC processing, AD conversion processing, and the like are appropriately performed.
- the horizontal selection unit 250 selects the signals of the column signal processing unit 230 one by one and supplies them to the horizontal signal line 260.
- the output processing unit 270 performs predetermined processing on the signal from the horizontal signal line 260 and outputs the signal to the outside, and includes, for example, a gain control circuit and a color processing circuit. Instead of performing AD conversion by the column signal processing unit 230, it may be performed by the output processing unit 270.
- the TG 280 outputs various pulse signals necessary for the operation of each unit under the control of the synchronization control unit 106.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of each pixel 310 in the pixel unit 210 of the image sensor 102.
- the pixel 310 includes a photodiode PD11, a transfer transistor M12, an amplification transistor M13, a selection transistor M14, and a reset transistor M15.
- each transistor is an n-channel MOSFET (MOS Field-Effect Transistor).
- a row selection signal line 211, a transfer signal line 212, and a reset signal line 213 are connected to the gates of the transfer transistor M12, the selection transistor M14, and the reset transistor M15, respectively. These signal lines extend in the horizontal direction and drive pixels in the same row at the same time.
- a vertical signal line 214 is connected to the source of the selection transistor M14, and one end of the vertical signal line 214 is grounded via a constant current source 215.
- the photodiode PD11 (photoelectric conversion means) generates and accumulates charges by photoelectric conversion, and the P side is grounded and the N side is connected to the source of the transfer transistor M12.
- the transfer transistor M12 transfer means
- the charge of the photodiode PD11 is transferred to the FD 216 (storage means). Since the FD 216 has a parasitic capacitance C16, the charge is stored in this portion.
- the drain of the amplification transistor M13 is set to the power supply voltage Vdd, and the gate is connected to the FD 216.
- the amplification transistor M13 converts the voltage of the FD 216 into an electric signal.
- the selection transistor M14 is for selecting a pixel from which a signal is read out in units of rows, and its drain is connected to the source of the amplification transistor M13 and its source is connected to the vertical signal line 214.
- the amplification transistor M13 and the constant current source 215 form a source follower, so that a voltage corresponding to the voltage of the FD 216 is output to the vertical signal line 214.
- the drain of the reset transistor M15 is set to the power supply voltage Vdd, and the source is connected to the FD 216.
- the reset transistor M15 reset means
- the voltage of the FD 216 is reset to the power supply voltage Vdd.
- This circuit can perform two types of electronic shutter operations, a rolling shutter and a global shutter.
- the reset signal line 213 in the start row is set to a high potential to turn on the reset transistor M15, thereby setting the FD 216 to the power supply voltage Vdd.
- the row selection signal line 211 of the start row is set to a high potential and the selection transistor M14 is turned on.
- the reset signal line 213 is set to a low potential and the reset transistor M15 is turned off, so that the voltage of the FD 216 at this time is obtained.
- a corresponding reset voltage is output to the vertical signal line 214.
- the signal charge generated in the photodiode PD11 is transferred to the FD 216 by setting the transfer signal line 212 to a high potential and turning on the transfer transistor M12. Then, the transfer signal line 212 is set to a low potential, and the transfer transistor M12 is turned off to complete the exposure, and a signal charge voltage proportional to the voltage to which the signal charge transferred to the FD 216 is added is output to the vertical signal line 214.
- a difference obtained by subtracting the reset voltage from the signal charge voltage output to the vertical signal line 214 becomes a signal voltage, and this signal voltage is extracted by, for example, the CDS processing of the column signal processing unit 230 of the corresponding column. Then, each column is sequentially selected by the horizontal selection unit 250, and a pixel signal for one row of the start row is output.
- the reset transistor M15 and the transfer transistor M12 are turned on.
- the exposure is started.
- the above operation is performed with a delay of one row from the start row in synchronization with the horizontal synchronization signal, and the pixel signals of each row are sequentially output. Therefore, the exposure period of each row is shifted for each row.
- FIG. 8 shows the shooting timing of this rolling shutter operation.
- the rolling shutter operation is used for image display and moving image recording during monitoring.
- the mechanical shutter 526 is closed, it is opened. Further, the opening amount of the diaphragm 525 is set in advance according to the photographing conditions.
- the top is the read start line
- the bottom is the read end line
- Vread indicates the read direction.
- the reset start time t11 is calculated based on the exposure time to be set.
- the reset operation period from timing t11 to t12 the pixel reset operation described above is performed for each row from the readout start row to the readout end row of the pixel portion 210 (11 in FIG. 8).
- the pixel readout operation described above is started. Then, during the readout operation period from timing t13 to t14, pixel signals are output for each row from the readout start row to the readout end row of the pixel portion 210 (41 in FIG. 8).
- next reset operation period starts from the next reset start time t15 (13 in FIG. 8), and the next read operation period starts from the next read start time t16 (43 in FIG. 8). Also, until the timing t10, it is the previous read operation period (42 in FIG. 8).
- the reset signal lines 213 of all rows are set to a high potential to turn on the reset transistors M15, thereby setting the FDs 216 of all the pixels to the power supply voltage Vdd.
- the reset signal lines 213 of all rows are set to a low potential, and the reset transistors M15 are turned off.
- the transfer signal lines 212 of all rows are simultaneously set to a high potential to turn on the transfer transistors M12, whereby the signal charges generated in the photodiodes PD11 of all the pixels are transferred to the FD 216.
- the transfer signal line 212 of all rows is set to a low potential and the transfer transistor M12 is turned OFF to complete the exposure, and the FD 216 of all the pixels is in a state where the transferred signal charges are accumulated.
- the mechanical shutter 526 (light shielding means) is operated to shield all pixels from light. Then, after the light shielding is completed, the reading operation from the pixel is started.
- the signal charge proportional to the voltage to which the signal charge transferred to the FD 216 is added by turning on the selection transistor M14 by setting the row selection signal line 211 to a high potential for the pixel in the readout start row of the pixel unit 210.
- the voltage is output to the vertical signal line 214.
- the reset signal line 213 in the starting row is set to a high potential to turn on the reset transistor M15, thereby setting the FD 216 to the power supply voltage Vdd.
- the reset signal line 213 in the starting row is set to a low potential to turn off the reset transistor M15, so that a reset voltage corresponding to the voltage of the FD 216 at this time is output to the vertical signal line 214.
- the row selection signal line 211 of the start row is set to a low potential, and the selection transistor M14 is turned off.
- a difference obtained by subtracting the reset voltage from the signal charge voltage output to the vertical signal line 214 becomes a signal voltage, and this signal voltage is extracted by, for example, the CDS processing of the column signal processing unit 230 of the corresponding column.
- each column is sequentially selected by the horizontal selection unit 250, and a pixel signal for one row of the start row is output.
- the readout operation as described above is performed one by one from the start row in synchronization with the horizontal synchronization signal, and the pixel signals of each row are sequentially output. Therefore, the readout period of each row is shifted for each row.
- FIG. 9 shows the timing of this global shutter operation.
- the global shutter operation is used for still image recording.
- the mechanical shutter 526 is closed, it is opened. Further, the opening amount of the diaphragm 525 is set in advance according to the photographing conditions.
- the top is a read start line
- the bottom is a read end line
- Vread indicates the read direction.
- the above-described simultaneous transfer operation for all rows is performed (20 in FIG. 9). Since light leakage to the FD 216 continues after the all-row simultaneous transfer operation is performed, the mechanical shutter 526 is operated to block light at timing t3 (31 in FIG. 9). A shaded portion 91 in FIG. 9 indicates a state of light leakage with respect to all pixels (all rows) after the simultaneous transfer operation for all rows.
- the mechanical shutter 526 since the mechanical shutter 526 is located between the first lens group 510 and the second lens group 520 constituting the zoom lens, all the pixels are simultaneously shielded simultaneously. Is possible. Therefore, light leakage to all pixels can be eliminated at timing t3.
- a pixel signal is output for each row from the readout start row to the readout end row of the pixel portion 210 (40 in FIG. 9).
- the mechanical shutter 526 is placed on the second lens barrel 521, but may be located between the first lens group 510 and the second lens group 520, and thus corresponds to the position P22 in FIG. It may be placed on the first lens barrel 511.
- the exposure time is relatively long, for example, 0.1 seconds or longer, the image is blurred when the moving subject is imaged.
- the distortion of the captured image due to the electronic shutter operation does not significantly affect the image quality. Therefore, only when the exposure time calculated by the signal processing unit 104 or the synchronization control unit 106 is a predetermined value or less when the shutter release button is pressed, the global shutter operation and the mechanical shutter as shown in FIG. You may make it perform imaging
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a modification of the optical barrel 101 in the present embodiment.
- the configuration of the second lens barrel 521 is different from that of FIG. 3, and the configuration other than the second lens barrel 521 is the same as that of FIG.
- the mechanical shutter 527 is between the second lens group 520 and the third lens group 530. That is, the second lens group 520 is disposed on the opposite side of the first lens group 510 with the second lens group 520 interposed therebetween.
- the position of the mechanical shutter 527 is a position corresponding to P24 in FIG. According to the consideration in FIG. 2, this position is not as large as the position P27, but a difference in exposure time between the periphery and the center occurs.
- the light shielding operation 31 of the mechanical shutter is performed after the completion of the all-row simultaneous transfer operation 20 of the global shutter operation. Therefore, the exposure unevenness of the subject image does not occur, and only slight light leakage unevenness occurs, so that the influence on the image can be reduced.
- the mechanical shutter 527 is placed on the second lens barrel 521. However, since the mechanical shutter is only used to block light leakage that is much less than exposure, the mechanical shutter 527 of FIG. It may be placed on the third lens barrel 531 corresponding to the position P25.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another modification of the optical barrel 101 in the present embodiment.
- the optical barrel 101 is attached to the imaging apparatus main body 600, and the first barrel 611 in which the first lens group 610 is disposed and the second barrel 621 in which the second lens group 620 is disposed.
- the third lens group 631 is provided with the third lens group 630.
- the second lens barrel 621 is fixed to the imaging device 600.
- the second lens barrel 621 includes a diaphragm 625 as a light amount adjusting unit and a mechanical shutter 626 as a light shielding unit.
- the first lens barrel 611 is movable in the optical axis direction with respect to the second lens barrel 621 by a drive conversion unit 614 including a drive shaft 613 and gears.
- the third lens barrel 631 is movable in the optical axis direction with respect to the second lens barrel 621 by a drive conversion unit 634 including a drive shaft 633 and gears.
- An optical barrel 101 shown in FIG. 11 is configured as a single focus lens having a retractable structure, and the first barrel 611 is housed in the second barrel 621 when the power of the imaging device is not turned on. In this structure, the thickness of the entire imaging device is reduced.
- the first lens barrel 611 extends from the second lens barrel 621, the first lens group 610 and the second lens group 620 form an imaging lens, and the third lens group 630 is a focusing lens.
- unevenness in light leakage can be eliminated by placing the mechanical shutter 626 on the pupil plane between the first lens group 610 and the second lens group 620.
- the position of the mechanical shutter 626 may be placed on the first lens barrel 611 corresponding to the position P22 in FIG.
- the mechanical shutter 626 may be placed on the second lens barrel 621 corresponding to the position P24 in FIG. 2, or the third corresponding to the position P25 in FIG. It may be placed on the lens barrel 331.
- FIG. 12 is a view showing still another modified example of the optical barrel 101 in the present embodiment.
- the optical barrel 101 includes a first barrel 711, a second barrel 721, and a third barrel 741.
- a first lens group 710 and a third lens group 730 are arranged in the first lens barrel 711
- a second lens group 720 and a second lens group are arranged in the second lens barrel 721
- a third lens barrel 741 is arranged.
- the fourth lens group 740 and the fourth lens group are arranged.
- the first lens barrel 711 is fixed to the imaging device main body 700.
- the second lens barrel 721 is provided with a diaphragm 725 as a light amount adjusting means
- the first lens barrel 711 is provided with a mechanical shutter 736 as a light shielding means.
- the mechanical shutter 736 is located between the second lens group 720 disposed in the second lens barrel 721 and the third lens group 730 disposed in the first lens barrel 711.
- the second lens barrel 721 is movable in the optical axis direction with respect to the first lens barrel 711 by a drive conversion unit 724 including a drive shaft 723 and gears.
- the third lens barrel 741 is movable in the optical axis direction with respect to the first lens barrel 711 by a drive conversion unit 744 including a drive shaft 743 and a gear.
- the optical barrel 101 shown in FIG. 12 is configured as a four-group zoom lens, and the first lens group 710, the second lens group 720, and the third lens group 730 constitute a zoom lens, and the fourth lens.
- the group 740 is a focusing lens.
- the second lens group 720 that functions as a variable magnification lens is a concave lens. Also in the optical barrel 101 shown in FIG. 12, the unevenness of light leakage can be eliminated by placing the mechanical shutter 736 on the pupil plane between the second lens group 720 and the third lens group 730.
- the position of the mechanical shutter 736 may be placed in the first lens barrel 711 or the second lens barrel 721 between the first lens group 710 and the second lens group 720, and the second lens group 720 and the third lens group. It may be placed in the second lens barrel 721 or the first lens barrel 711 between 730. Further, considering that the mechanical shutter 736 is used to block light leakage, the mechanical shutter 736 may be placed in the first lens barrel 711 or the third lens barrel 741 between the third lens group 730 and the fourth lens group 740. .
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the optical barrel 101 in the present embodiment.
- the second lens barrel 521 has the same configuration as that of FIG. 3 except that the second lens barrel 521 includes a diaphragm / shutter 528.
- an iris diaphragm is configured by combining three diaphragm blades 801, 802, and 803.
- An elastic body such as a spring is incorporated in the closing direction of these diaphragm blades, the opening direction is controlled by a motor or the like, and a function of closing at high speed in conjunction with the shutter operation can be provided.
- one aperture blade may have a function of closing at high speed independently of the others.
- a mechanical shutter is configured using the shutter blades 911 and 921, but the shutter opening 941 is controlled by controlling the drive pin 931 to stop not only at the open / close position but also at a midway position. It can function as an aperture of a diaphragm. That is, it has a function of adjusting the amount of light incident on the image sensor.
- this embodiment solves the problem that the moving subject appears in an inclined state by the global shutter operation by the simultaneous reset of all rows and the simultaneous transfer of all rows.
- this embodiment solves the problem that the moving subject appears in an inclined state by the global shutter operation by the simultaneous reset of all rows and the simultaneous transfer of all rows.
- a diaphragm / shutter is disposed in the zoom lens, light leakage can be suppressed to the same level over all pixels, so that unevenness in light leakage can be eliminated.
- both the diaphragm 525 and the mechanical shutter 526 are arranged between the first lens group 510 and the second lens group 520.
- the movement range of the first lens group 510 and the second lens group 520 is limited.
- the diaphragm and the mechanical shutter are used together, the problem that the movement range of the lens group is restricted is solved, and the downsizing and simplification of the imaging apparatus can be realized.
- the diaphragm / shutter 528 described in the present embodiment is placed in the second lens barrel 521, but may be located between the first lens group 510 and the second lens group 520, and therefore the position P ⁇ b> 22 in FIG. 2. May be placed on the first lens barrel 511 corresponding to.
- the diaphragm / shutter 528 described in the present embodiment can also be applied to FIGS. 3, 11, and 12.
- an image pickup apparatus that is Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described.
- the basic configuration and operation of the image pickup apparatus and the basic configuration and operation of the image pickup element are the same as those in the first and second embodiments.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration of each pixel 320 arranged in the pixel unit 210 of FIG. 6 in the present embodiment.
- a pixel transfer signal line 217, a pixel accumulation signal line 218, and an FD transfer signal line 219 for controlling transfer between the charge transfer element M17 and the charge transfer element M17 are provided.
- the configuration is the same as in FIG.
- the charge transfer element M17 includes transfer gates G1, G2, and G3, and the charge accumulation state and the barrier state (non-accumulation state) of the corresponding transfer channel are controlled by the transfer gates G1, G2, and G3, respectively.
- a typical charge transfer device is a CCD.
- the transfer gates G1, G2, and G3 when the corresponding pixel transfer signal line 217, pixel accumulation signal line 218, and FD transfer signal line 219 are at a high potential, a charge accumulation state corresponding to ON of the transistor is obtained. Further, when the potential is low, a barrier state (non-accumulation state) corresponding to turning off of the transistor is entered.
- the transfer channels corresponding to the transfer gates G1, G2, and G3 transfer the signal charges from the photodiode PD11 toward the FD216 by taking the accumulation state and the barrier state (non-accumulation state) in a predetermined order. can do.
- the transfer channel corresponding to the transfer gates G1 and G3 is set in the barrier state (non-accumulation state), and the transfer channel corresponding to the transfer gate G2 is set in the accumulation state. It is possible to accumulate in the state.
- the shooting timing when the rolling shutter operation is performed using the pixel 320 of FIG. 14 will be described with reference to FIG. First, the reset start time t11 is calculated based on the exposure time to be set.
- the pixel reset operation is performed for each row from the readout start row to the readout end row of the pixel portion 210 (11 in FIG. 8).
- the pixel reset operation for each row is executed as follows. First, the reset signal line 213 is set to a high potential to turn on the reset transistor M15. Next, the pixel transfer signal line 217, the pixel accumulation signal line 218 and the FD transfer signal line 219 are set to a high potential to transfer the transfer channel of the charge transfer element M17. Are all stored. Since all the transfer channels of the charge transfer element M17 are ON, the charge of the photodiode PD11 is transferred to the FD 216, and the photodiode PD11 is reset.
- the pixel transfer signal line 217, the pixel accumulation signal line 218, and the FD transfer signal line 219 are set to a low potential in this order, and all the transfer channels of the charge transfer element M17 are set in a barrier state (non-accumulation state). Thereby, the exposure of the photodiode PD11 is started.
- the reason why the pixel transfer signal line 217, the pixel accumulation signal line 218, and the FD transfer signal line 219 are set to the low potential in this order is to reliably transfer the charge remaining in the transfer channel of the charge transfer element M17 to the FD 216. Because.
- the reset signal line 213 is set to a low potential to turn off the reset transistor M15. The above is the pixel reset operation.
- the pixel readout operation is started at timing t13 when the exposure period has passed from the reset of the readout start row. Then, during the readout operation period from timing t13 to t14, pixel signals are output for each row from the readout start row to the readout end row of the pixel portion 210 (41 in FIG. 8).
- the pixel readout operation for each row is executed as follows. First, immediately before the end of exposure, the reset signal line 213 is set to a high potential to turn on the reset transistor M15, thereby setting the FD 216 to the power supply voltage Vdd.
- the row selection signal line 211 is set to a high potential to turn on the selection transistor M14, and then the reset signal line 213 is set to a low potential to turn off the reset transistor M15, thereby resetting corresponding to the voltage of the FD 216 at this time.
- the voltage is output to the vertical signal line 214.
- the pixel transfer signal line 217, the pixel accumulation signal line 218, and the FD transfer signal line 219 are set to a high potential so that all transfer channels of the charge transfer element M17 are in an accumulation state, whereby the signal charge generated in the photodiode PD11 is reduced. It is transferred to the FD 216. Subsequently, the pixel transfer signal line 217, the pixel accumulation signal line 218, and the FD transfer signal line 219 are set to a low potential in this order, and all the transfer channels of the charge transfer element M17 are set in a barrier state (non-accumulation state). After the exposure is completed, a signal charge voltage proportional to the voltage to which the signal charge transferred to the FD 216 is added is output to the vertical signal line 214.
- the difference obtained by subtracting the reset voltage from the signal charge voltage output to the vertical signal line 214 becomes the signal voltage, and this signal voltage is extracted by, for example, the CDS processing of the column signal processing unit 230 of the corresponding column. Then, each column is sequentially selected by the horizontal selection unit 250, and pixel signals for one row are output. Finally, the row selection signal line 211 is set to a low potential to turn off the selection transistor M14. The above is the pixel reading operation.
- next reset operation period starts from the next reset start time t15 (13 in FIG. 8), and the next read operation period starts from the next read start time t16 (43 in FIG. 8). Further, until the timing t10 is the previous read operation period (42 in FIG. 8). Thereby, by performing synchronous control with one period from timing t13 to t16, image display and moving image recording at the time of monitoring are realized.
- the reset time t1 is calculated based on the exposure time to be set. Then, at the reset time t1, all rows are simultaneously reset (10 in FIG. 9).
- the all row simultaneous reset operation is executed as follows. First, reset signal lines 213 in all rows are set to a high potential to turn on reset transistors M15. Next, pixel transfer signal lines 217 in all rows, pixel accumulation signal lines 218 in all rows, and FD transfer signal lines 219 in all rows. Is set to a high potential, and all the transfer channels of the charge transfer element M17 are stored. Since all the transfer channels of the charge transfer element M17 are ON, the charge of the photodiode PD11 is transferred to the FD 216, and the photodiode PD11 of all the pixels is reset.
- the pixel transfer signal lines 217 of all rows, the pixel accumulation signal lines 218 of all rows, and the FD transfer signal lines 219 of all rows are sequentially set to a low potential in this order so that all transfer channels of the charge transfer elements M17 are in a barrier state ( Non-accumulating state).
- the reason why the pixel transfer signal line 217, the pixel accumulation signal line 218, and the FD transfer signal line 219 are set to the low potential in this order is to reliably transfer the charge remaining in the transfer channel of the charge transfer element M17 to the FD 216. Because.
- the reset signal line 213 is set to a low potential to turn off the reset transistor M15. The above is the simultaneous reset operation for all rows.
- the simultaneous transfer operation for all rows is performed (20 in FIG. 9).
- the all-line simultaneous transfer operation is executed as follows. First, the transfer channels corresponding to the transfer gates G1 and G2 of the charge transfer element M17 are brought into an accumulation state by setting the pixel transfer signal lines 217 and the pixel accumulation signal lines 218 of all the rows to a high potential. Here, since the FD transfer signal lines 219 of all rows remain at a low potential, the transfer channel corresponding to the transfer gate G3 of the charge transfer element M17 is in a barrier state (non-accumulating state). Thereby, the signal charges generated in the photodiodes PD11 of all the pixels are transferred to the transfer channels corresponding to the transfer gates G1 and G2.
- the transfer channel corresponding to the transfer gate G1 of the charge transfer element M17 is brought into a barrier state (non-accumulating state).
- the exposure is completed, and the signal charge in the transfer channel corresponding to the transfer gate G1 is transferred to the transfer channel corresponding to the transfer gate G2, so that the signal charge generated in the photodiode PD11 of all the pixels is In this state, all the pixels are stored in the transfer channel corresponding to the transfer gate G2.
- the mechanical shutter 526 is operated to block light at timing t3 (31 in FIG. 9).
- a shaded portion 91 in FIG. 9 indicates a state of light leakage with respect to all pixels (all rows) after the simultaneous transfer operation for all rows.
- the mechanical shutter 526 since the mechanical shutter 526 is located between the first lens group 510 and the second lens group 520 constituting the zoom lens, all the pixels are simultaneously shielded simultaneously. Is possible. Therefore, light leakage to all pixels can be eliminated at timing t3.
- the pixel reading operation is started.
- a pixel signal is output for each row from the readout start row to the readout end row of the pixel portion 210 (40 in FIG. 9).
- the pixel readout operation for each row is executed as follows. First, the reset signal line 213 is set to a high potential to turn on the reset transistor M15, thereby setting the FD 216 to the power supply voltage Vdd.
- the row selection signal line 211 is set to a high potential to turn on the selection transistor M14, and then the reset signal line 213 is set to a low potential to turn off the reset transistor M15, thereby resetting corresponding to the voltage of the FD 216 at this time.
- the voltage is output to the vertical signal line 214.
- the FD transfer signal line 219 is set to a high potential, and the transfer channel corresponding to the transfer gate G3 of the charge transfer element M17 is set in the accumulation state, whereby the signal charge accumulated in the transfer channel corresponding to the transfer gate G2 is stored. Is transferred to the FD 216. Subsequently, the pixel accumulation signal line 218 and the FD transfer signal line 219 are set to a low potential in this order, and all the transfer channels of the charge transfer element M17 are set in a barrier state (non-accumulation state). As a result, a signal charge voltage proportional to the voltage to which the signal charge transferred to the FD 216 is added is output to the vertical signal line 214.
- a difference obtained by subtracting the reset voltage from the signal charge voltage output to the vertical signal line 214 becomes a signal voltage, and this signal voltage is extracted by, for example, the CDS processing of the column signal processing unit 230 of the corresponding column. Then, each column is sequentially selected by the horizontal selection unit 250, and pixel signals for one row are output. Finally, the row selection signal line 211 is set to a low potential to turn off the selection transistor M14. The above is the pixel reading operation.
- the global shutter operation by simultaneous reset of all rows and simultaneous transfer of all rows solves the problem that a moving subject appears in an inclined state, and a mechanical shutter is included in the zoom lens.
- the light leakage is suppressed to the same level over all the pixels, so that the unevenness of the light leakage can be eliminated.
- the readout order of the reset voltage and the signal charge voltage from the pixel 310 in FIG. 7 during the global shutter operation is different from the readout order during the rolling shutter operation.
- the signal charge is added while the reset voltage is output to the vertical signal line 214, and the signal charge voltage is output to the vertical signal line 214.
- the reset voltage at the time of reading can be subtracted.
- the FD 216 is reset and then the reset voltage is output to the vertical signal line 214.
- the reset voltage may be different from the reset voltage before reading the signal charge voltage due to the influence of noise of the power supply voltage Vdd at the time of resetting. In that case, the reset voltage is subtracted from the signal charge voltage. Noise will be added to the signal voltage.
- a charge transfer element capable of temporarily storing signal charges is provided between the photodiode of the pixel 320 and the FD.
- the readout order of the reset voltage and the signal charge voltage during the global shutter operation can be made the same as the readout order during the rolling shutter operation, so that the accurate signal voltage can be obtained even when the reset voltage is subtracted from the signal charge voltage.
- the pixel having the charge transfer element of the present embodiment can be applied not only to the optical barrel shown in FIG. 3 but also to the optical barrel shown in FIGS.
Abstract
Description
を有することを特徴とする。
まず、メカニカルシャッタ526が閉じている場合は開放にする。次に、設定したい露光時間からリセット時間を計算する。計算されたリセット時間になったら、画素部210の読み出し開始行の画素に対して、リセット信号線213を高電位にしてリセットトランジスタM15をONし、次に、転送信号線212を高電位にして転送トランジスタM12をONする。これにより、FD216およびフォトダイオードPD11がリセットされる。続いて、転送信号線212を低電位にして転送トランジスタM12をOFFすることで、フォトダイオードPD11の露光が開始される。次に、リセット信号線213を低電位にしてリセットトランジスタM15をOFFする。
ここで、垂直信号線214に出力された信号電荷電圧からリセット電圧を引いた差が信号電圧となり、この信号電圧は例えば対応する列の列信号処理部230のCDS処理によって抽出される。そして、各列が水平選択部250により順次選択されて、開始行の1行分の画素信号が出力される。
まず、メカニカルシャッタ526が閉じている場合は開放にする。次に、設定したい露光時間からリセット時間を計算する。計算されたリセット時間になったら、画素部210の全行において、リセット信号線213を高電位にしてリセットトランジスタM15をONし、次に、転送信号線212を高電位にして転送トランジスタM12をONする。これにより、全画素(全行)のFD216およびフォトダイオードPD11が同時にリセットされる。続いて、全行の転送信号線212を低電位にして転送トランジスタM12をOFFすることで、全画素のフォトダイオードPD11の露光が開始される。次に、全行のリセット信号線213を低電位にしてリセットトランジスタM15をOFFする。
以上が、画素の読み出し動作である。
102 撮像素子
106 同期制御部
510 第1レンズ群
520 第2レンズ群
525 絞り
526 メカニカルシャッタ
Claims (6)
- 光電変換により入射光量に応じた電荷を生成する光電変換手段と、前記光電変換手段により生成された電荷を蓄積する蓄積手段と、前記光電変換手段から前記蓄積手段に電荷を転送する転送手段と、前記蓄積手段をリセットするリセット手段とを各々が有する複数の画素が2次元状に配置された撮像素子と、
少なくともひとつのレンズからなる第1のレンズユニットと、前記第1のレンズユニットと同じ光軸を有する少なくともひとつのレンズからなり、前記第1のレンズユニットと前記撮像素子の間に位置する第2のレンズユニットと、前記第2のレンズユニットの近傍に位置し、前記撮像素子への入射光を遮断する遮光手段とを有し、被写体像を前記撮像素子上に結像させるための光学鏡筒と、
前記撮像素子の全行において前記リセット手段および前記転送手段をオンさせることで前記光電変換手段および前記蓄積手段を全行で同時にリセットした後で、前記転送手段をオフさせることで前記光電変換手段による光電変換を開始し、設定された露光時間経過後に前記転送手段を全行同時にオンさせることで光電変換手段から蓄積手段へ電荷を転送した後で、前記遮光手段を動作させて前記光電変換手段を遮光し、その後、前記前記蓄積部に蓄積された電荷に応じた電圧を行毎に順次読み出すように制御する制御手段と、
を有することを特徴とする撮像装置。 - 前記遮光手段は、前記第1のレンズユニットと前記第2のレンズユニットの間に配置されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の撮像装置。
- 前記遮光手段は、前記第2のレンズユニットを間に挟んで前記第1のレンズユニットの反対側に配置されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の撮像装置。
- さらに、前記撮像素子への入射光量を調整する光量調整手段を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の撮像装置。
- 前記遮光手段は、前記撮像素子への入射光量を調整する機能を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の撮像装置。
- 光電変換により入射光量に応じた電荷を生成する光電変換手段と、前記光電変換手段により生成された電荷を蓄積する蓄積手段と、前記光電変換手段から前記蓄積手段に電荷を転送する転送手段と、前記蓄積手段をリセットするリセット手段とを各々が有する複数の画素が2次元状に配置された撮像素子と、
少なくともひとつのレンズからなる第1のレンズユニットと、前記第1のレンズユニットと同じ光軸を有する少なくともひとつのレンズからなり、前記第1のレンズユニットと前記撮像素子の間に位置する第2のレンズユニットと、前記第2のレンズユニットの近傍に位置し、前記撮像素子への入射光を遮断する遮光手段とを有し、被写体像を前記撮像素子上に結像させるための光学鏡筒と、を有する撮像装置の制御方法であって、
前記撮像素子の全行において前記リセット手段および前記転送手段をオンさせることで前記光電変換手段および前記蓄積手段を全行で同時にリセットした後で、前記転送手段をオフさせることで前記光電変換手段による光電変換を開始し、設定された露光時間経過後に前記転送手段を全行同時にオンさせることで光電変換手段から蓄積手段へ電荷を転送した後で、前記遮光手段を動作させて前記光電変換手段を遮光し、その後、前記前記蓄積部に蓄積された電荷に応じた電圧を行毎に順次読み出すように制御することを特徴とする撮像装置の制御方法。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN200980162468.8A CN102612834B (zh) | 2009-11-16 | 2009-11-16 | 摄像设备及其控制方法 |
PCT/JP2009/069456 WO2011058660A1 (ja) | 2009-11-16 | 2009-11-16 | 撮像装置およびその制御方法 |
KR1020127014400A KR101375830B1 (ko) | 2009-11-16 | 2009-11-16 | 촬상장치 및 그 제어방법 |
JP2011540380A JP5665760B2 (ja) | 2009-11-16 | 2009-11-16 | 撮像装置およびその制御方法 |
US12/943,873 US8436922B2 (en) | 2009-11-16 | 2010-11-10 | Image pickup apparatus and method for controlling the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2009/069456 WO2011058660A1 (ja) | 2009-11-16 | 2009-11-16 | 撮像装置およびその制御方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011058660A1 true WO2011058660A1 (ja) | 2011-05-19 |
Family
ID=43991339
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2009/069456 WO2011058660A1 (ja) | 2009-11-16 | 2009-11-16 | 撮像装置およびその制御方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8436922B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5665760B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101375830B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102612834B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011058660A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013162150A (ja) * | 2012-02-01 | 2013-08-19 | Canon Inc | 撮像装置およびその制御方法 |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102316283B (zh) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-07-03 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | 空间行间转移面阵ccd相机漏光现象实时消除装置 |
JP2014049727A (ja) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-17 | Canon Inc | 固体撮像装置 |
TWI556647B (zh) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-11-01 | 恆景科技股份有限公司 | 影像感測器的可調適降低功率消耗的方法 |
CN105357452B (zh) * | 2014-08-21 | 2018-04-06 | 恒景科技股份有限公司 | 影像传感器的可调适降低功率消耗的方法 |
JP6605255B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-20 | 2019-11-13 | 日本電産コパル株式会社 | レンズユニット、カメラ、電子機器、レンズユニット組立方法、カメラの製造方法および電子機器の製造方法 |
WO2019078319A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-19 | 2019-04-25 | ソニー株式会社 | 情報処理装置と情報処理方法および撮像装置とプログラム |
CN112308783A (zh) * | 2019-07-24 | 2021-02-02 | 株式会社理光 | 一种卷帘效应校正方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004317943A (ja) * | 2003-04-18 | 2004-11-11 | Fuji Photo Optical Co Ltd | デジタルカメラ |
JP2005176105A (ja) * | 2003-12-12 | 2005-06-30 | Canon Inc | 撮像装置、及び撮像装置の駆動方法 |
JP2006191236A (ja) * | 2005-01-04 | 2006-07-20 | Sony Corp | 撮像装置および撮像方法 |
JP2007028167A (ja) * | 2005-07-15 | 2007-02-01 | Konica Minolta Holdings Inc | 撮像装置 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2541503Y2 (ja) * | 1991-09-17 | 1997-07-16 | 旭光学工業株式会社 | カメラ |
US7224395B2 (en) * | 2001-03-01 | 2007-05-29 | Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. | Camera having a shutter to cut reverse-incident light from the eyepiece lens |
JP2004260797A (ja) * | 2003-02-07 | 2004-09-16 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 撮像装置、撮像方法および記録媒体 |
US20040212723A1 (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2004-10-28 | Malcolm Lin | Image pickup apparatus and operating method |
JP2008233611A (ja) * | 2007-03-22 | 2008-10-02 | Konica Minolta Opto Inc | 変倍光学系、撮像装置及びデジタル機器 |
JP2009044367A (ja) * | 2007-08-08 | 2009-02-26 | Fujifilm Corp | 撮影方法及び撮影装置 |
-
2009
- 2009-11-16 CN CN200980162468.8A patent/CN102612834B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-11-16 WO PCT/JP2009/069456 patent/WO2011058660A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-11-16 JP JP2011540380A patent/JP5665760B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-11-16 KR KR1020127014400A patent/KR101375830B1/ko active IP Right Grant
-
2010
- 2010-11-10 US US12/943,873 patent/US8436922B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004317943A (ja) * | 2003-04-18 | 2004-11-11 | Fuji Photo Optical Co Ltd | デジタルカメラ |
JP2005176105A (ja) * | 2003-12-12 | 2005-06-30 | Canon Inc | 撮像装置、及び撮像装置の駆動方法 |
JP2006191236A (ja) * | 2005-01-04 | 2006-07-20 | Sony Corp | 撮像装置および撮像方法 |
JP2007028167A (ja) * | 2005-07-15 | 2007-02-01 | Konica Minolta Holdings Inc | 撮像装置 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013162150A (ja) * | 2012-02-01 | 2013-08-19 | Canon Inc | 撮像装置およびその制御方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102612834A (zh) | 2012-07-25 |
KR101375830B1 (ko) | 2014-03-17 |
US8436922B2 (en) | 2013-05-07 |
KR20120078748A (ko) | 2012-07-10 |
US20110115956A1 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
JPWO2011058660A1 (ja) | 2013-03-28 |
CN102612834B (zh) | 2015-09-30 |
JP5665760B2 (ja) | 2015-02-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4325557B2 (ja) | 撮像装置および撮像方法 | |
JP5665760B2 (ja) | 撮像装置およびその制御方法 | |
JP5247007B2 (ja) | 撮像装置及び撮像システム | |
JP4874668B2 (ja) | オートフォーカスユニット及びカメラ | |
JP6414718B2 (ja) | 撮像装置 | |
JP3814609B2 (ja) | 撮像装置、及び撮像装置の駆動方法 | |
US10812704B2 (en) | Focus detection device, method and storage medium, for controlling image sensor operations | |
US7349015B2 (en) | Image capture apparatus for correcting noise components contained in image signals output from pixels | |
JP2007208885A (ja) | 撮像ユニットおよび撮像装置 | |
JP4025836B2 (ja) | 撮像装置及び携帯通信機器 | |
JP5627728B2 (ja) | 撮像装置及び撮像システム | |
JP4745677B2 (ja) | 撮像装置 | |
JP2007143067A (ja) | 撮像装置及び撮像システム | |
JP2007013895A (ja) | 撮像装置 | |
JP5975658B2 (ja) | 撮像装置およびその制御方法 | |
WO2015182021A1 (ja) | 撮像制御装置、撮像装置および撮像制御方法 | |
JP4569342B2 (ja) | 撮像装置 | |
US20150085172A1 (en) | Image capturing apparatus and control method thereof | |
JP2013055553A (ja) | 撮像装置およびその制御方法 | |
JP5047907B2 (ja) | 撮像装置及び撮像方法 | |
JP2005303708A (ja) | デジタルカメラ |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200980162468.8 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 09851290 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2011540380 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20127014400 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 09851290 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |