WO2011053014A2 - 중합 토너의 제조 방법 - Google Patents
중합 토너의 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011053014A2 WO2011053014A2 PCT/KR2010/007473 KR2010007473W WO2011053014A2 WO 2011053014 A2 WO2011053014 A2 WO 2011053014A2 KR 2010007473 W KR2010007473 W KR 2010007473W WO 2011053014 A2 WO2011053014 A2 WO 2011053014A2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08702—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08706—Polymers of alkenyl-aromatic compounds
- G03G9/08708—Copolymers of styrene
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0802—Preparation methods
- G03G9/0804—Preparation methods whereby the components are brought together in a liquid dispersing medium
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a polymerized toner, and more particularly, by using a polymer phosphate stabilizer having a predetermined molecular weight range using phosphate as an aqueous dispersion stabilizer in suspension polymerization reaction, narrow particle size distribution, high transfer efficiency , And a method for producing a polymerized toner capable of realizing a uniform image.
- Toner is used in electrophotographic development, electrostatic printers, copiers, and the like, and refers to a paint that can be transferred and fixed to a transfer object to form a desired pattern.
- pulverization In general, there are two methods for producing a toner, a production method using pulverization and a production method using polymerization.
- the most widely known method of pulverization is a melt-mixing process in which resin and pigment are put together, melt-mixed or extruded, pulverized and classified to produce toner particles.
- the toner particles produced by this process have a problem of poor chargeability or flowability because the toner particles have a very irregular shape such as a wide particle size distribution and sharp edges.
- a method of producing spherical toner particles by a polymerization method has been proposed.
- a method of producing a toner by a polymerization method an emulsion polymerization method (coagulation method) and a suspension polymerization method are known.
- the emulsion polymerization method has difficulty in controlling particle size distribution and has problems in quality reproducibility of the manufactured toner. Therefore, a toner production method by suspension polymerization is more preferred.
- the toner produced by suspension polymerization is a process of dispersing and polymerizing the monomer mixture in the form of droplets through homogenization with an aqueous dispersion medium.
- the production of particles having a narrow particle size distribution is difficult.
- the toner particles generated through the suspension polymerization process may have a uniform uniform chargeability to realize a uniform image with high transfer efficiency.
- the present invention is to provide a method for effectively preparing a polymerized toner capable of narrow particle size distribution, high transfer efficiency, and uniform image realization.
- the present invention comprises the steps of forming an aqueous dispersion medium containing calcium phosphate; Forming a monomer mixture comprising a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 to 20 000, a styrene pigment stabilizer, a charge control agent, a pigment, and a monomer for a binder resin; Dispersing the monomer mixture in the form of droplets in the aqueous dispersion medium; And suspending polymerization of the monomer mixture dispersed in the form of the droplet, and providing the toner using 2 to 6 parts by weight of the calcium phosphate based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture.
- the present invention also provides a polymerized toner produced by the above method.
- the present invention will be described in more detail.
- the inventors have optimized the calcium phosphate in a specific content range as an aqueous dispersion stabilizer when preparing toner by suspension polymerization, and using a polymer compound having a predetermined molecular weight range as a pigment stabilizer, thereby ensuring dispersion stability and suspension polymerization stability.
- the present invention has been completed by increasing the stability of the pigment in the prepared toner particles, thereby improving charging characteristics and implementing a uniform image with high transfer efficiency.
- the present invention can apply a suspension polymerization method of a general polymerization toner, except that calcium phosphate is used as a dispersion stabilizer in the preparation of an aqueous dispersion medium,
- a styrene-based compound having a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 to 200,000 can be used as the charge control agent.
- a monomer mixture obtained by dissolving or dispersing a pigment, a charge control agent, and a wax in a binder resin monomer is prepared, and the mixture is dispersed in an aqueous dispersion medium with a stirrer to form fine droplet particles of the monomer mixture.
- the toner having a desired particle size can be obtained by heating and suspending polymerization.
- the present invention ensures excellent dispersion stability by using calcium phosphate as a dispersion stabilizer of an aqueous dispersion medium in this suspension polymerization method, and excellent stability of the pigment in toner particles prepared using a styrene compound having a predetermined molecular weight range as a pigment stabilizer. It is characterized by producing a polymerized toner having high transfer efficiency and excellent image uniformity by imparting and securing suspension polymerization stability and improving chargeability.
- the present invention comprises the steps of forming an aqueous dispersion medium containing calcium phosphate, forming a monomer mixture comprising a monomer for styrene pigment stabilizers, charge control agents, pigments, and binder resins having a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 to 200,000, Dispersing a monomer mixture in the form of droplets in the aqueous dispersion medium, and suspending polymerizing the monomer mixture dispersed in the form of droplets, wherein the calcium phosphate is 2 to 6 based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture.
- a manufacturing method of a toner used in parts by weight is provided.
- a monomer mixture comprising a binder resin monomer, a charge control agent, a pigment, and a pigment stabilizer is added to an aqueous dispersion medium containing calcium phosphate to disperse in the form of fine droplets, and then the dispersion is suspended and polymerized.
- aqueous dispersion medium containing calcium phosphate to disperse in the form of fine droplets
- the dispersion is suspended and polymerized.
- polymerization occurs in the monomer mixture in the form of fine droplets, thereby forming toner particles, and the polymerized toner desired in the present invention can be prepared.
- styrene-based compound having a calcium phosphate as a dispersion stabilizer optimized to 2 to 6 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture, and at the same time having a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 to 200,000 as a pigment stabilizer
- a uniform particle size, narrow particle size distribution It enables high transfer efficiency and uniform image realization.
- an aqueous dispersion medium containing phosphate is formed, and together with this, a monomer mixture comprising a styrene-based pigment stabilizer, a pigment, a charge control agent, and a binder resin monomer with a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 to 200, 000. After forming, the monomer mixture is added to the aqueous dispersion medium to disperse in the form of droplets.
- an aqueous dispersion medium for dispersing the monomer mixture may be obtained by dissolving a dispersion stabilizer in water, and in the present invention, calcium phosphate may be used as the dispersion stabilizer to maintain the monomer mixture in a stable dispersion state in an aqueous medium.
- the calcium phosphate used in the present invention serves as a dispersion stabilizer for the polymerizable monomer composition in the aqueous dispersion medium.
- inorganic dispersion stabilizers include calcium phosphate, hydroxy apatite, magnesium phosphate, aluminum phosphate, zinc phosphate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, meta Calcium silicate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, bentonite, silica, and alumina.
- organic dispersion stabilizer polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, methyl cellulose, methyl hydroxy propyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose Carboxyl methyl cellulose and its sodium salt, polyacrylic acid and its salt, and starch.
- dispersion stabilizer In the toner production method through the suspension polymerization process, such a dispersion stabilizer is dispersed and used in an aqueous system. These dispersion stabilizers seem to stabilize the water droplets by uniformly dispersing in the aqueous medium and preventing agglomeration between the polymerizable monomer composition particles existing as water droplets, and by adsorbing uniformly on these water droplet surfaces.
- the dispersion stabilizer is solubilized by acid or alkali treatment or hot water washing after completion of the polymerization reaction of the polymerizable monomer in the water droplets. It is separated from the particles.
- the dispersion stabilizer it is often difficult to completely remove from the surface of the toner particles, depending on their solubility, molecular weight, viscosity, and the like.
- a part of the colorant and the charge control agent are decomposed, eluted, or thermally deformed by a process such as strong alkali treatment or hot water washing.
- the performance may be impaired, and the development characteristics of the toner may be remarkably lowered.
- the inorganic dispersion stabilizer since the scouring action is strong, viscosity change, etc. occur during the polymerization reaction of the water droplets, and stability as water droplets is lowered, which promotes instability such as swelling of the water droplets. Not.
- Calcium phosphate in the present invention refers to at least one selected from calcium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, hydroxy apatite, and mixtures thereof, the size of these crystals, crystal crystals In consideration of effects such as particle size and solubility in acid, hydroxy apatite and calcium phosphate are preferred, and hydroxy apatite is most preferred among them.
- the calcium phosphate may be used by generating calcium phosphate in an aqueous medium from an aqueous solution of phosphate and an aqueous solution of calcium salt.
- agglomerates do not generate
- a more preferable effect can be obtained as a dispersion stabilizer, and a stable suspension state can be obtained.
- powdered calcium phosphate is used as it is, it is easy to form a strong aggregate as a powder, so that the particle size is uneven as an aggregate. Since dispersion may be difficult in an aqueous medium, it is more preferable to generate and use phosphate in an aqueous medium as described above.
- an aqueous solution of sodium phosphate is preferable as the aqueous solution of phosphate
- an aqueous solution of calcium chloride is preferable as the aqueous solution of calcium salt.
- the aqueous solution of sodium phosphate has a pH of 4-7.
- the pH of the aqueous solution obtained by mixing the aqueous phosphate solution and the calcium salt solution is more preferably adjusted to 4.5 to 5.5.
- an acid such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, or the like is added dropwise to the phosphate aqueous solution, followed by adding an aqueous calcium salt solution to adjust the pH of the aqueous dispersion medium to 4 to 7, preferably 4.5 to 5.5. It may further comprise the step.
- Such calcium phosphate is used in an amount of 2 to 6 parts by weight, preferably 2.5 to 5 parts by weight, and more preferably 2.5 to 4 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer for binder resin.
- the phosphate is preferably used in an amount of 2 parts by weight or more in terms of maintaining the particles stably in the polymerization reaction, and 6 parts by weight or less in terms of preventing the formation of small particles in the process of homogenizing the monomer mixture. It is good to use.
- the polymerized toner when the polymerized toner is manufactured using the aqueous calcium phosphate dispersion medium in this manner, the produced toner particles are in a state of adsorbing calcium phosphate on the surface, so that the pH of the aqueous dispersion medium containing the produced toner particles is 2 or less.
- the toner particles can be recovered by dissolving the calcium phosphate completely after adjusting to 1.5 or less, preferably, and the final toner particles can be obtained by repeating this washing process and drying.
- the use of calcium phosphate as the aqueous dispersant can easily adjust the pH of the aqueous dispersion to neutral or acidic, providing a force to move to the surface of the toner particles by the electrostatic attraction of the negatively charged charge control agent. can do.
- the amount of calcium phosphate is used in an amount less than 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture, the amount of calcium calcium phosphate required to stabilize the monomer mixture droplets is less than Because of this, fusion between particles may occur during polymerization reaction, and small particles may be generated during the homogenization process of the monomer mixture when used in an amount of 6 parts by weight or more based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture.
- the solubility of calcium phosphate in pH is solubilized rapidly in the low pH acidic region with pH 1.5 to 2.5 as the boundary region, and 100% solubilized in the strongly acidic region of pH 1.5 or less, dispersion stabilizer from toner particles
- the acid treatment may be carried out at pH 2.0 or below, preferably 1.5 or below, to completely remove the particles.
- such an acid treatment process is preferable because other components such as colorants, charge control agents, etc. in the toner composition are not decomposed, dissolved, or denatured, and do not affect the toner properties separately.
- the present invention is characterized by using a styrene pigment stabilizer having a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 to 200,000 while using an aqueous dispersion medium containing calcium phosphate as described above.
- a low molecular weight surfactant may be used as the pigment stabilizer
- specific examples of such conventional pigment stabilizers include polyols or nonionic surfactants.
- the conventional low molecular weight surfactant is used as the pigment stabilizer, particles of fine size are easily generated during the homogenization of the pigment mixture into the aqueous dispersion.
- the polymer pigment stabilizer is used, only the component having the affinity at the same time as the monomer together with the pigment can be used to uniformly disperse the pigment in the toner particles.
- the present invention uses a styrene-based compound having a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 to 200,000, preferably 10,000 to 150,000, more preferably 20,000 to 100, 000 as a pigment stabilizer, remarkably excellent stability and compatibility with the pigment Problems such as concentration of the toner surface of the pigment, which improves and lowers the chargeability and the charge safety, can be solved.
- a styrene-based pigment stabilizer having a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 or more in terms of securing excellent stability in toner particles and optimizing compatibility with binder resins, maintaining surface concentration for effective functioning as a pigment stabilizer, and
- the weight average molecular weight of the styrene pigment stabilizer exceeds 200,000, the viscosity of the monomer mixture may be too high to deteriorate dispersion stability and polymerization stability and ultimately widen the particle size distribution.
- the pigment stabilizer in the present invention may be preferably a styrenic block copolymer.
- the pigment is excellent in affinity with the monomer, and the pigment is uniformly dispersed in the toner particles after the monomer and polymerization, so that the pigment is concentrated on the toner surface.
- the problem of deterioration of chargeability that may occur may be solved.
- the polymerized toner produced by improving charging characteristics and being uniform may be further provided with a feature of achieving a high transfer efficiency and a uniform image while having a narrow particle size distribution.
- Pigment stabilizers of the invention include styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS), styrene-ethylene-styrene (SES), styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS), styrene-ethylene- Triblock copolymers such as propylene-styrene (SEPS) or styrene-based such as styrene-butadiene (SB), styrene-isoprene (SI), styrene-ethylene-butylene (SEB), styrene-ethylene-propylene (SEP)
- SEPS styrene-butadiene-styrene
- SIS styrene-isoprene-styrene
- SES styrene-ethylene-sty
- pigment stabilizers may be selected according to the structure of the specific pigment component, for example, when using a carbon black having a benzene ring mesh structure as a pigment styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) of a structure containing a double bond ) May be advantageous.
- SBS pigment styrene-butadiene-styrene
- Such a styrene pigment stabilizer may be used in an amount of 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture for binder resin.
- the styrene pigment stabilizer may be used in an amount of 0.1 parts by weight or more, and in consideration of an increase in the viscosity of the pigment mixture, it may be used in an amount of 20 parts by weight or less.
- the styrene pigment stabilizer prevents the charging characteristics of the toner particles from deteriorating as the pigment is deviated from the surface by uniformly dividing the pigment into the toner particles.
- toner particles having a wide particle size distribution are formed during homogenization and polymerization during suspension polymerization, and the wide particle size distribution causes the transfer efficiency to decrease during printing.
- a classification process for filtering small toner particles in order to narrow the particle size distribution of the toner particles is inevitable.
- the pigment when only the phosphate dispersant is used separately from the styrene pigment stabilizer, the pigment is uniaxially distributed on the surface, thereby degrading the charging characteristics of the toner particles, thereby lowering the charge efficiency during printing and forming a non-uniform image.
- the phenomenon in which the pigment is biased on the surface of the toner particles may be attributed to a charge control agent having an anion physically and chemically bonded to the pigment in the state of the pigment mixture. More specifically, when the homogenization process is performed using calcium phosphate as a dispersant, the aqueous solution is acidic, so that the charge control agent moves to the surface of the toner particles due to the electrostatic attraction with the cations outside the particles.
- the pigment that is physically and chemically bonded to the charge control agent is said to move to the surface of the toner particles together. Therefore, in the present invention, by using a styrene-based pigment stabilizer having a predetermined molecular weight range together with the calcium phosphate dispersant, the pigment is uniformly distributed in the toner particles and the transfer efficiency decreases due to the deterioration of the charging characteristics of the toner particles surface. The phenomenon of image nonuniformity does not arise. In addition, according to the present invention, by having a uniform particle size distribution it is possible to manufacture a toner that can implement excellent transfer efficiency without a separate classification process.
- the monomer for the binder resin in the present invention can be used all monomers used in the toner produced by the polymerization method is not particularly limited.
- the monomers include styrene monomers, acrylate monomers, methacrylate monomers, diene monomers, and the like. 1 or more types can be used in mixture.
- an acidic olefin monomer or a basic olefin monomer may be optionally used in combination with the monomer.
- the monomer comprises at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of (a) styrene-based monomers and (b) acrylate-based monomers, methacrylate-based monomers and diene-based monomers;
- the content of the (a) styrene monomer is 30 to 95 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total of the monomer (a) and the monomer (b), and (b) the acrylate monomer, the methacrylate monomer and
- the content of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of diene monomers may be 5 to 70 parts by weight, and optionally at least one member selected from the group consisting of (c) an acidic olefin monomer or a basic olefin monomer in the monomer composition. It may be to further include 0.1 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total of the monomer (a) and the monomer (b).
- Styrene, monochlorostyrene, methyl styrene, dimethyl styrene and the like can be used as the aromatic vinyl monomer, these are preferably used in 30 to 95 parts by weight, more preferably 50 to 80 parts by weight relative to the total monomers. have.
- acrylate monomer methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, 2-ethylnuclear acrylate and the like can be used.
- methacrylate monomer methyl Methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, 2-ethylnuclear methacrylate, and the like.
- diene monomers butadiene, isoprene, etc. may be used.
- At least one of the acrylate monomer, the methacrylate monomer and the diene monomer may be used in an amount of 5 to 70 parts by weight, and more preferably 20 to 50 parts by weight, based on the total monomers.
- the acidic olefinic monomers ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated compounds having a carboxyl group can be used, and the basic olefinic monomers are amine groups and quaternary.
- Methacrylic acid ester type, methacrylic amide type, vinyl amine type, diallyl amine type, ammonium salt thereof, etc. of an aliphatic alcohol having an ammonium group can be used.
- 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 8 parts by weight of at least one polar polymer selected from the group consisting of polyester polymers and styrene acrylic polymers may be added to 100 parts by weight of the monomer.
- the present invention includes the step of forming a monomer mixture further comprising a charge control agent and a pigment, together with the weight average molecular weight of 2,000 to 200,000 styrene pigment stabilizer and the monomer for the binder resin.
- the charge control agent may be used a cationic charge control agent, an anionic charge control agent, a mixture thereof and the like.
- the cationic charge control agent include nigrosine-type electron acceptor dyes, high aliphatic metal salts, alkoxy amines, chelates, quaternary ammonium salts, alkylamides, fluorine treatment actives, and metal salts of naphthalene acid.
- the anionic charge control agent include electron acceptor organic complexes, chlorinated paraffins, chlorinated polyesters, polyesters containing excess acid, sulfonylamines of copper phthalocyanine, and polymers having sulfonic acid groups.
- the weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 20,000, preferably 12,000 to 19,000, more preferably 14,000 to the charge control agent in terms of improving stability and compatibility with the binder resin, minimizing charge deterioration 18,000 polymers can be used.
- it may be a styrene-acrylic polymer containing a sulfonic acid group.
- the effective reduction of the charge control characteristics due to the surface concentration and adsorption of the pigment to effectively remove the interference effect of the charging phenomenon by the pigment in this way, the polymerized toner produced by the improved charging and homogeneous charging characteristics has a narrow particle size distribution, and has a high transfer efficiency and a uniform image.
- the charge control agent serves to stabilize the particles during suspension polymerization together with the dispersion stabilizer, and when the molecular weight of the charge control agent is 20,000 or more, the charge control agent cannot be moved to the surface of the particles in a fusion. In the case of having a molecular weight of less than 10,000, small particles are likely to be generated during the homogenization of the monomer mixture.
- Such a charge control agent may be used in an amount of 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0.2 to 10 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.6 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture.
- the charge control agent may be used in an amount of 0.1 parts by weight or more in terms of dispersion stability, and 20 parts by weight or less in terms of suppressing generation of fine powder.
- pigments used in the polymerization toner may be used as the pigment, and examples thereof include metal powder pigments, metal oxide pigments, carbon pigments, sulfide pigments, chromium salt pigments, and ferrocyanide pigments. Molded pigments, acid dye pigments, basic dye pigments, modal dye pigments, phthalocyanine, quinacridone pigments, dioxane pigments, and the like can be used alone or in combination.
- the pigment may be used in an amount of 1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 2 to 8 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture.
- the step of forming the monomer mixture may further include a wax in addition to the monomer component for the pigment, charge control agent, and binder resin.
- a wax paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, ceresin wax, carnuba wax, ester wax, polyethylene wax, or polypropylene wax may be used, and one or two or more kinds of the wax may be used. It can also be used in combination.
- the wax may be used in an amount of 0.1 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture.
- the monomer mixture may further include one or more additives selected from the group consisting of a semi-initiator, a crosslinking agent, a lubricant (eg, oleic acid, stearic acid, etc.), a molecular weight modifier, and a coupling agent.
- a semi-initiator e.g., a crosslinking agent
- a lubricant e.g, oleic acid, stearic acid, etc.
- a molecular weight modifier e.g, oleic acid, stearic acid, etc.
- an oil-soluble initiator and a water-soluble initiator can be used.
- Azo-based initiators such as azobisisobutyronitrile and azobisvaleronitrile
- Organic peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide and lauroyl peroxide
- water-soluble initiators such as potassium persulfate and ammonium persulfate, etc.
- the semi-unggi initiator is preferably used in an amount of 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, and more preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total monomers.
- crosslinking agent examples include divinylbenzene, ethylene dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, 1,6-nuxaethylene diacrylate, allyl methacrylate, and 1,1,1-trimethyl.
- Propane triacrylate, triallylamine, tetraallyloxyethane and the like are used in one or more types, and may be used in an amount of 0.001 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total monomers.
- molecular weight regulator one or more of t-dodecyl mercaptan, n-dodecyl mercaptan, n-octyl mercaptan, carbon tetrachloride and carbon tetrabromide can be used, and these molecular weight regulators are 0.001 parts by weight of 100 parts by weight of the total monomers. To 8.000 parts by weight.
- lubricant and coupling agent all additives known to be usable in the monomer mixture for preparing the polymerized toner may be used in an appropriate amount.
- the present invention may include a pigment stabilizer, a charge control agent, a pigment, a monomer as described above, and optionally add some additives to form a monomer mixture having the composition as described above.
- a homogenizer may be applied by applying a homogenizer to the monomer mixture and the aqueous dispersion medium to apply shear force.
- the monomer mixture is homogenized with a homogenizer under a speed of 5,000 rpm to 20,000 rpm, preferably 8,000 rpm to 17,000 rpm. It can be dispersed in the form of fine droplets in an aqueous dispersion medium.
- the monomer mixture is mixed with 1 to 60 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 40 parts by weight, and the monomer mixture is finely added to the aqueous dispersion through a homogenization process of applying a shear force to the homogenizer. It can be dispersed in the form of droplets.
- suspension polymerization of the monomer mixture dispersed in the droplet form is performed.
- polymerization proceeds in a state where the polymerizable monomers are dispersed in the form of fine droplets, thereby forming a predetermined polymer or copolymer. Due to the formation of such a polymer or copolymer, toner particles containing it as a main component can be formed.
- the suspension polymerization may be performed, for example, at a temperature of 60 to 90 ° C. for 8 to 20 hours, thereby appropriately forming a polymerized toner having a uniform particle distribution.
- the toner particles may be washed to remove calcium phosphate, and the toner particles may be further dried, resulting in another embodiment of the present invention.
- a polymerized toner according to an example can be produced.
- the dispersion stabilizer can be dissolved in an aqueous solution to proceed from the toner particles.
- the step of removing water through the filter device, then diluting by adding excess distilled water and removing the water may be repeated several times.
- the pressurized fixing toner may be manufactured by placing the toner cake in a vacuum oven and vacuum drying at room temperature.
- a separate external additive for example, silica or the like may be coated on the surface of the toner, and the coating step of the external additive may be performed by adding an external additive to the toner particles using a Henschel mixer, It can proceed by the method of stirring.
- the silica can be used for the polymerized toner Any known is available.
- the polymerized toner of the present invention is prepared by mixing an aqueous sodium phosphate solution and a calcium chloride aqueous solution to prepare an aqueous dispersion medium containing precipitated calcium phosphate, and homogenizing the monomer mixture to the aqueous dispersion medium. Dispersing in the form of fine droplets, polymerizing the monomer mixture dispersed in the form of droplets, washing and drying the polymerized polymer toner core, and coating the polymer toner core with the external additive. It can manufacture by the method containing.
- a 0.1 M aqueous sodium phosphate solution and 1 M calcium chloride solution were mixed to prepare an aqueous dispersion comprising the precipitated calcium phosphate, and a monomer mixture was added to the aqueous dispersion to homogenize by applying a shearing force with a homogenizer to fine-tune the monomer mixture. After dispersion in the form of droplets, the polymerization is carried out to prepare a toner core.
- an aromatic vinyl monomer an acrylate monomer, a methacrylate monomer, a diene monomer, or a mixture thereof can be used, and optionally an acidic or basic olefin monomer can be used.
- the present invention provides a polymerized toner prepared through the above method.
- the polymerized toner is prepared from a monomer mixture including a pigment stabilizer, a charge control agent, a pigment, and a binder resin as described above, and the weight average molecular weight 2,000 to 20,000 based on 100 parts by weight of the polymerized toner.
- Styrene pigment stabilizer of 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by weight, 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of charge control agent, preferably 0.2 to 10 parts by weight, 1 to 10 parts by weight of pigment, preferably 2 to 8 parts by weight Parts, and 0 to 30 parts by weight of wax, preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by weight.
- it may optionally further include one or more of 0.03 to 10 parts by weight of the reaction initiator, 0.003 to 15 parts by weight of the crosslinking agent, and 0.003 to 12 parts by weight of the molecular weight regulator, and the like, based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer for binder resin. Can be.
- silica and the like may be coated on the surface of the toner using the toner particles thus prepared as the toner core.
- the polymerized toner prepared according to the present invention may have a narrow particle size distribution, high transfer efficiency, and excellent physical properties capable of realizing a uniform image.
- the volume average particle diameter is 7.0 to 8.5 ⁇
- the volume average particle diameter and number The standard deviation corresponding to the ratio of the average particle diameter is 1.3 or less
- the transfer efficiency is 95% or more
- the image density difference between the edge and the center of the printing paper is 0.05 or less when measuring the image uniformity. It can be to have.
- the present invention is an aqueous dispersion stabilizer and calcium phosphate in the optimum content range
- a styrene pigment stabilizer having a predetermined molecular weight range
- toner having a narrow particle size distribution and improving the stability of the pigment in the toner particles can be effectively produced.
- the polymerized toner prepared in accordance with the present invention has a feature of easily controlling the toner particle size distribution with a narrow particle size distribution, and very easily reproducing the quality of the manufactured toner.
- the polymerized toner can realize a high transfer efficiency and a uniform image, and can exhibit very excellent performance in electrophotographic development.
- Example 1
- styrene 160 parts by weight of styrene, 36 parts by weight of n-butyl acrylate and 4 parts by weight of acrylic acid were used as monomers, 4 parts by weight of allyl methacrylate as a crosslinking agent, 0.4 parts by weight of n-dodecyl mergatan as a molecular weight regulator, and a pigment stabilizer.
- styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) block copolymer having a molecular weight of 10,000 and 1 part by weight of a styrene-acrylic copolymer containing a sulfonic acid group as a charge control agent (molecular weight: 16,500) were dissolved, and 10 parts by weight of the pigment were dissolved. After stirring for 2 hours at 2,000 rpm with a bead mill, beads were removed to finally prepare 225 parts by weight of the monomer and pigment mixture.
- SBS styrene-butadiene-styrene
- the mixture was heated to 70 ° C in a water bath and then paraffin wax 20 After adding a weight part, the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes to prepare a monomer mixture.
- the monomer mixture was homogenized at a speed of 13,000 rpm using an aqueous dispersion medium and a homogenizer to disperse the monomer mixture in the form of fine droplets in the aqueous dispersion medium.
- the reaction was carried out for 15 hours with stirring at 200 rpm to prepare a polymerized toner.
- Hydrochloric acid was added to the aqueous dispersion containing the polymerized toner synthesized above to adjust the pH to less than 2, so that the phosphate was dissolved in the aqueous system, and diluted by adding 2 times distilled water with respect to the total weight. After addition, centrifugation was performed for 15 minutes at 3,000 rpm using a centrifugal separator (Beckman J2-21M, Rotor JA-14). After diluting the concentrate containing the polymerized toner again with 2 times distilled water, applying shear force with a homogenizer and using a centrifugal separator (Beckman J2-21M, Rotor JA-14) for 15 minutes at 3,000 rpm.
- a centrifugal separator Beckman J2-21M, Rotor JA-14
- the process of centrifugation was repeated two more times to remove calcium phosphate from the toner surface. Finally, the water was removed through filtering, the toner cake was put in a vacuum oven, and vacuum dried at room temperature for 48 hours to prepare a polymerized toner core.
- the volume average particle diameter of the manufactured toner core was 7 / and the ratio (standard deviation) of the volume average particle diameter and the number average particle diameter was 1.26.
- the external additives were coated on the polymerized toner core surface under high-speed stirring for 7 minutes at a speed of 5,000 rpm.
- a polymerized toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the content of the phosphate was 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture.
- a polymerized toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that styrene-ethylene-styrene (SES) having a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 was used as the pigment stabilizer.
- SES styrene-ethylene-styrene
- a polymerized toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) having a weight average molecular weight of 80,000 was used as the pigment stabilizer.
- SIS styrene-isoprene-styrene
- a polymerized toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that styrene-butadiene (SB) having a weight average molecular weight of 80,000 was used as the pigment stabilizer.
- SB styrene-butadiene
- a polymerized toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) having a weight average molecular weight of 80,000 was used as the pigment stabilizer.
- SBS styrene-butadiene-styrene
- a polymerized toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) having a weight average molecular weight of 120,000 was used as the pigment stabilizer.
- SBS styrene-butadiene-styrene
- Polymerized toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the pigment stabilizer was not used.
- a polymerized toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 was used as the pigment stabilizer.
- SBS styrene-butadiene-styrene
- a polymerized toner was prepared by the method.
- Polymerized toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the content of the phosphate was 1.5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture.
- a polymerized toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the calcium phosphate content was 7 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture.
- a polymerized toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the low molecular weight surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate having a weight average molecular weight of 288 was used as a pigment stabilizer instead of the styrenic block copolymer.
- a polymerized toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that PVA was used as a dispersion stabilizer instead of calcium phosphate.
- a polymerized toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that colloidal silica was used as a dispersion stabilizer instead of the phosphate.
- a pigment stabilizer using a polyacrylate having a weight average molecular weight of 20,000 and a chain partially substituted with fluoro-carbon or alkyl amine Except for producing polymerized toner in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Amount of waste toner (g) weight of drum after printing 1,000 sheets-weight of drum before printing 1,000 sheets
- the transfer efficiency was calculated as in the following Equation 3.
- Transfer Efficiency 03 ⁇ 4) ⁇ (Consumption-Waste Toner) / Consumption ⁇ X 100 Image Uniformity
- the image density is measured by measuring the image density of four corners and one center of printing paper using an image density meter (RD918, Macbath).
- RD918, Macbath an image density meter
- the polymerized toner of Examples 1 to 7 using an appropriate amount of calcium phosphate as an aqueous dispersion stabilizer and a styrene-based pigment stabilizer of an appropriate molecular weight according to the present invention has a volume average particle size of 7.2 It is ⁇ 8.2, and the standard deviation corresponding to the ratio of the volume average particle diameter and the number average particle diameter is 1.26 to 1.28, the transfer efficiency is more than 96%, and it has excellent physical properties in terms of image uniformity.
- the polymerized toners of Examples 1 to 7 were used not only in comparison with Comparative Examples 1 to 6 in which the molecular weight and content of the pigment stabilizer or the content of calcium phosphate were outside the scope of the present invention, and using a pigment stabilizer other than a styrene-based block copolymer.
- Comparative Examples 7, 10, and Comparative Examples 8 to 9 using dispersion stabilizers other than calcium phosphate also showed excellent physical properties in terms of particle size distribution, transfer efficiency, and image.
- the low molecular weight surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate which has been conventionally used as a pigment stabilizer
- the standard deviation of the polymerized toner was 1.45
- the particle size distribution was widened
- the transfer efficiency decreased to 80% and 75%, respectively
- the image was uneven.
- the modified polyacrylate is used as a pigment stabilizer, as in Comparative Example 10, as the fine powder is generated, the particle size distribution is widened and the transfer efficiency is lowered.
- the present invention by using calcium phosphate as the aqueous content dispersant in the optimum content range and using a high molecular weight styrene-based block copolymer as a pigment stabilizer, it has a narrow particle size distribution with a uniform particle size, high transfer efficiency and uniformity A polymerized toner capable of realizing one image can be produced.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/504,675 US20120276480A1 (en) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-28 | Method of preparing polymerized toner |
CN2010800598886A CN102687081A (zh) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-28 | 聚合调色剂的制备方法 |
RU2012121690/28A RU2525316C2 (ru) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-28 | Способ изготовления полимеризованного тонера |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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KR20090102639 | 2009-10-28 | ||
KR10-2009-0102639 | 2009-10-28 |
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WO2011053014A2 true WO2011053014A2 (ko) | 2011-05-05 |
WO2011053014A3 WO2011053014A3 (ko) | 2011-08-25 |
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PCT/KR2010/007473 WO2011053014A2 (ko) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-28 | 중합 토너의 제조 방법 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20120276480A1 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR101226227B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN102687081A (ko) |
RU (1) | RU2525316C2 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2011053014A2 (ko) |
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KR20130012770A (ko) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-02-05 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 중합 토너 및 이의 제조 방법 |
JP2017181606A (ja) * | 2016-03-28 | 2017-10-05 | キヤノン株式会社 | トナーの製造方法 |
Citations (2)
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KR0163074B1 (ko) * | 1993-04-20 | 1999-03-20 | 미따라이 하지메 | 정전하상 현상용 토너 및 그 토너의 제조 방법 |
JP2000035692A (ja) * | 1998-05-13 | 2000-02-02 | Canon Inc | トナ―及び画像形成方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
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JP3332394B2 (ja) * | 1991-09-09 | 2002-10-07 | キヤノン株式会社 | トナー粒子の製造方法 |
JP2946133B2 (ja) * | 1991-09-10 | 1999-09-06 | キヤノン株式会社 | 重合法トナー粒子の製造方法 |
JP2899177B2 (ja) * | 1991-09-19 | 1999-06-02 | キヤノン株式会社 | 静電荷像現像用トナー及び静電荷像現像用二成分系現像剤 |
JP3308812B2 (ja) * | 1995-05-31 | 2002-07-29 | キヤノン株式会社 | 静電荷像現像用トナー及びその製造方法 |
KR100867145B1 (ko) * | 2005-03-08 | 2008-11-06 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고대전성 및 우수한 대전안정성을 갖는 중합토너 및 이의 제조방법 |
-
2010
- 2010-10-28 US US13/504,675 patent/US20120276480A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-10-28 KR KR1020100106240A patent/KR101226227B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-10-28 WO PCT/KR2010/007473 patent/WO2011053014A2/ko active Application Filing
- 2010-10-28 RU RU2012121690/28A patent/RU2525316C2/ru active
- 2010-10-28 CN CN2010800598886A patent/CN102687081A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR0163074B1 (ko) * | 1993-04-20 | 1999-03-20 | 미따라이 하지메 | 정전하상 현상용 토너 및 그 토너의 제조 방법 |
JP2000035692A (ja) * | 1998-05-13 | 2000-02-02 | Canon Inc | トナ―及び画像形成方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20110046376A (ko) | 2011-05-04 |
WO2011053014A3 (ko) | 2011-08-25 |
US20120276480A1 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
RU2525316C2 (ru) | 2014-08-10 |
KR101226227B1 (ko) | 2013-01-28 |
CN102687081A (zh) | 2012-09-19 |
RU2012121690A (ru) | 2013-12-10 |
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