WO2011049685A2 - Système de lubrification pour compresseur sous-marin - Google Patents

Système de lubrification pour compresseur sous-marin Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011049685A2
WO2011049685A2 PCT/US2010/048665 US2010048665W WO2011049685A2 WO 2011049685 A2 WO2011049685 A2 WO 2011049685A2 US 2010048665 W US2010048665 W US 2010048665W WO 2011049685 A2 WO2011049685 A2 WO 2011049685A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lubricant
process fluid
compressor
pump
source
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2010/048665
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2011049685A3 (fr
Inventor
Mark Joseph Kuzdzal
Original Assignee
Dresser-Rand Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dresser-Rand Company filed Critical Dresser-Rand Company
Publication of WO2011049685A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011049685A2/fr
Publication of WO2011049685A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011049685A3/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • F04B39/0207—Lubrication with lubrication control systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing

Definitions

  • machinery which may include pumps, compressors, and motors.
  • This machinery has components such as bearings and seals, which may require lubricant.
  • a portion of the lubricant may leak past the seals in the machinery, and thus it may be necessary to supply additional lubricant.
  • the lubricant may become contaminated with dirt, metal, or other contaminants, and may be heated to levels at which it becomes less effective.
  • the used lubricant is typically drained from the fluid processing system and disposed of or reclaimed; however, this poses difficulties when the fluid processing system is located in a hard to reach area, such as on the ocean floor.
  • Embodiments of the disclosure may provide an exemplary compression system including a compressor, a process fluid source containing a process fluid, a lubricant source, a process fluid pump, a lubricant inlet line, a separation device, a lubricant recycling line, a lubricant filter, a lubricant pump, and a lubricant cooler.
  • the lubricant in!et line fluidly connects the lubricant source to the compressor and the process fluid pump, and provides a usable lubricant to the compressor and the process fluid pump from the lubricant source.
  • the separation device fluidly connects to the lubricant source, the process fluid source, the compressor, and the process fluid pump, wherein a portion of the usable lubricant mixes with the process fluid, and the process fluid is separated such that a gaseous portion of the process fluid is channeled to the compressor and a liquid portion of the process fluid is channeled to the process fluid pump.
  • the lubricant recycling line is fluidiy connected to the lubricant inlet line, the compressor, and the process fluid pump, wherein a used lubricant is discharged from the compressor and the process fluid pump into the lubricant recycling line, and the lubricant recycling line provides a recycled lubricant to the lubricant inlet line.
  • the lubricant filter is fluidiy connected to the lubricant recycling line, wherein the lubricant filter filters the used lubricant.
  • the lubricant pump is fluidiy connected to the lubricant recycling line, wherein the lubricant pump pumps the used lubricant through the lubricant recycling line.
  • the lubricant cooler is fluidiy connected to the lubricant recycling line, wherein the lubricant cooler cools the used lubricant.
  • Embodiments of the disclosure may further provide an exemplary compression apparatus including a motor, a lubricant source, an umbilical, a compressor, a separation device, and a lubricant recycling assembly.
  • the lubricant source provides a lubricant.
  • the umbilical is fluidiy connected to the lubricant source.
  • the compressor is operatively connected to the motor, fluidiy connected to the umbilical, and includes a compressor lubricant outlet and a compressor lubricant inlet that is fluidiy connected to the umbilical.
  • the separation device is fluidiy connected to the compressor, the lubricant source, and a well including a process fluid, wherein the separation device separates the process fluid into a liquid portion and a gaseous portion, and a portion of the lubricant mixes with the process fluid.
  • the lubricant recycling assembly includes a dirty side fluidiy connected to the compressor lubricant outlet, a ciean side fluidiy connected to the compressor lubricant inlet, a lubricant filter interposed between the ciean side and the dirty side, and a lubricant pump interposed between the clean side and the dirty side.
  • Embodiments of the disclosure may also provide an exemplary method of lubricating a compression system.
  • the exemplary method includes supplying a compressor with a portion of a usable lubricant from a remote source, and separating a process fluid into a gaseous portion and a liquid portion in a separation device.
  • the exemplary method further includes mixing a portion of the usable lubricant with the process fluid in the separation device, and discharging a used lubricant from the compressor.
  • the exemplary method also includes recycling the used lubricant to form a recycled lubricant, wherein recycling the used lubricant comprises filtering the used lubricant, and channeling the recycled lubricant to the compressor.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a schematic view of a compression system in accordance with one or more aspects of the disclosure.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a flowchart of an exemplary method for lubricating a compression system in accordance with one or more aspects of the disclosure.
  • first and second features are formed in direct contact
  • additional features may be formed interposing the first and second features, such that the first and second features may not be in direct contact.
  • exemplary embodiments presented below may be combined in any combination of ways, i.e., any element from one exemplary embodiment may be used in any other exemplary embodiment, without departing from the scope of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a compression system 10, which may also be referred to herein as a compression apparatus.
  • the compression system 10 includes a compressor 12, a motor 13, a lubricant source 14, a lubricant inlet line 16, a process fluid pump 17, and a lubricant recycling assembly 19, which includes a lubricant recycling line 18.
  • the motor 13 is operatively connected to a shaft 15, which is also operatively connected to the compressor 12 such that the motor 13 drives the compressor 12.
  • the compression system 10 further includes a second motor 13b, which is connected to a second shaft 15b.
  • the second shaft 15b may be attached to the process fluid pump 17 such that the second motor 13b is operatively connected to the process fluid pump 17, thereby driving the process fluid pump 17.
  • the second motor 13b may be omitted and the motor 13 may be dua!-ended and coupled to both shafts 15, 15b.
  • the compression system 10 may omit the second shaft 15b, with the shaft 15 being connected to the motor 13, the compressor 12, and the process fluid pump 17.
  • the compression system 10 may further include a separation device 22 that may receive a process fluid F from a process fluid source 20.
  • the process fluid source 20 may be a well, and the process fluid F being a hydrocarbon produced from the well and transported to the compression system 10.
  • the separation device 22 may be a "slug catcher,” as is known in the art, but may be, or may additionally include, any other appropriate separation device, such as, for example, a rotary separator, a filter, or a static separator.
  • the process fluid F is separated into a substantially liquid portion F L and a substantially gaseous portion FG-
  • the lubricant source 14 may be fluidly connected to the separation device 22 and may store and provide a usable lubricant Lc to the other components of compression system 10.
  • the usable lubricant L c may be a hydrate-reducing lubricant, such as monoethy!ene glycol (MEG), which may be advantageously mixed with the process fluid F in the separation device 22 or may be mixed due to leakage in the compressor 12, the motor(s) 13, 13b and/or the process fluid pump 17, as described in U.S. Patent No. 6,547,037, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference to the extent it is not inconsistent with this disclosure.
  • MEG monoethy!ene glycol
  • the choice of lubricant as MEG is, however, merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.
  • the lubricant source 14 contains the usable lubricant Lc and may be fluidly connected to the separation device 22, the compressor 12, the motor 13, the second motor 13b, and/or the process fluid pump 17 via the lubricant inlet line 16, also described herein as the umbilical 6.
  • the lubricant inlet line 16 may contain a series of conduits to fluidly connect the lubricant source 14 with the various components. Accordingly, a conduit 16a may connect the lubricant source 14 to the separation device 22.
  • a hydrate-reduction portion L C H of the lubricant branches off from the lubricant inlet line 16 via the conduit 16a and flows into the separation device 22 where it mixes with the process fluid F. The substantially gaseous and liquid portions of the process fluid FQ and F L are then channeled out of the separation device 22 for further processing, described in greater detail beiow.
  • a conduit 16b may connect the lubricant source 14 to the remaining components of the compression system 10, with a lubrication portion of the lubricant L P flowing therethrough.
  • a branch conduit 28 stemming from the conduit 16b may be fluidly connected to the motor 13. More particularly, the motor 13 has a motor lubricant inlet 32 and a motor lubricant outlet 34, with the branch conduit 28 fluidly connected to the motor lubricant inlet 32.
  • the motor lubricant inlet 32 is configured to allow lubricant to flow into any motor bearings, seals, and/or other parts of the motor 13, as necessary.
  • Used lubricant Lu may therefore be discharged from the motor 3 through the motor lubricant outlet 34 and into the lubricant recycling line 18.
  • a branch conduit 30 may also stem from conduit 16b and fluidly connect to the compressor 12, so as to lubricate any of the parts of the compressor 12 that may require lubrication.
  • the compressor 12 has a compressor lubricant inlet 36 and a compressor lubricant outlet 38, with the branch conduit 30 fluidly connected to the compressor lubricant inlet 36.
  • the compressor lubricant inlet 36 is configured to allow lubricant to flow into any compressor bearings, seals, and/or other parts of the compressor 12, as necessary.
  • the used lubricant l_u is discharged through the compressor lubricant outlet 38 and into the lubricant recycling line 18.
  • a branch conduit 40 may be fluidly connected to the conduit 16b and the second motor 13b, whereby the branch conduit 40 may transport lubricant to the second motor 13b.
  • the second motor 13b has a second motor lubricant inlet 42, which is fluidly connected to the branch conduit 40, and may be configured similarly to the motor lubricant in!et 32, as described above.
  • the second motor 13b may also include a second motor lubricant outlet 44 that discharges used lubricant Lu into the lubricant recycling line 18.
  • the second motor 13b may be omitted, with the motor 13 driving the compressor 12 and the process fluid pump 17.
  • the conduit 16b may also be omitted or may be connected to the motor 13 to supplement the provision of lubricant to the motor 13.
  • the compression system 10 may further include a branch conduit 46, which is fluidly connected to the conduit 16b and the process fluid pump 17, such that lubricant flows through the branch conduit 46 and into the process fluid pump 17.
  • the process fluid pump 17 includes a pump lubricant inlet 48 to which the branch conduit 46 is fluidly connected, thereby providing lubricant to the components of the process fluid pump 17.
  • the process fluid pump 17 further includes a pump lubricant outlet 50, through which the used lubricant l_u is discharged into the lubricant recycling line 18.
  • the lubricant recycling line 18 channels used lubricant Lu from a dirty side 52 that receives the discharged used lubricant Lu, to a clean side 60, where the used lubricant Lu has been converted by the lubricant recycling assembly 19 into a recycled lubricant LR.
  • the clean side 60 may be fluidly connected to the lubricant inlet line 16, or umbilical, as shown, in other exemplary embodiments, the clean side 60 may be fluidly connected to the lubricant source 14 and/or to the separation device 22.
  • the clean side 60 may be fluidly connected to one or more of the compressor lubricant inlet 36, the motor lubricant inlet 32, the second motor lubricant inlet 42, and the pump lubricant inlet 48, despite there being other components of the compression system 10 interposed between the clean side 60 and the inlets 36, 32, 42, 48.
  • the lubricant recycling assembly 19 may further include a lubricant cooler 54, which may be interposed between the clean and dirty sides 52, 60.
  • the lubricant cooler 54 may be fluidly connected to the lubricant recycling line 18, and may be configured to reduce the temperature of the used lubricant Lu.
  • the lubricant cooler 54 may be, for example, a dual- shell heat exchanger, but may be any other device capable of cooling a fluid flow without contaminating the fluid flow.
  • the lubricant recycling assembly 19 may further include a lubricant filter 56.
  • the lubricant filter 56 may be fluidly connected to the lubricant recycling line 18, such that the lubricant filter 56 is interposed between the clean and dirty sides 52, 60. Further, the lubricant filter 56 may be configured to remove contaminants from the used lubricant Lu-
  • the lubricant filter 56 may be a passive filtration media, such as a cellulose filter, but may instead be, or additionally include, an electromagnetic separator to remove ferrous contaminants, a rotary separator, a static separator, and/or a sedimentation filter.
  • the lubricant recycling assembly 19 may further include a lubricant pump 58.
  • the lubricant pump 58 is connected to the lubricant recycling line 18 such that the lubricant pump 58 is interposed between the clean and dirty sides 52, 60.
  • the lubricant pump 58 is configured to pressurize the used lubricant Lu. Pressurizing the used lubricant Lu may serve to overcome any head losses in the compression system 10, thus allowing the used lubricant L y to be transported through the lubricant recycling line 18 and back to the lubricant inlet line 16, the lubricant source 14, and/or the separation device 22, as described above,
  • the lubricant pump 58 may include a driven impeller, which may be integrated with the motor 13, the second motor 13b, the compressor 12, or the process fluid pump 17, such that the lubricant pump 58 shares a common shaft with the other component, and may be ciose-coupled (i.e. , connected and disposed closely proximal) thereto.
  • the lubricant pump 58 may be integrated with the process fluid pump 17.
  • the process fluid pump 17 may have one or more impellers, and when integrated therewith, the lubricant pump 58 may be formed as an additional impeller on the process fluid pump 17.
  • the impeller of the lubricant pump 58 may be larger or smaller in size, and may even be geared, such that it spins at a faster or slower rate than the impeller of the process fluid pump 17. Further, in embodiments where more than one of the components of the compression system 10 are ciose-coup!ed, the process fluid pump 17 may be integrated with any or all of the components.
  • the lubricant recycling assembly 19 may be continuous so as to form a closed- loop, it will be appreciated that the lubricant recycling assembly 19 may not necessarily be continuous in all embodiments.
  • the lubricant recycling assembly 19 may include discharge points among or between the components of the lubricant recycling assembly 19, which may stall the flow of the used lubricant Lu in the lubricant recycling assembly 19, for example, in a storage tank, and/or remove a portion thereof for additional refinement and/or use in other applications.
  • a branch conduit 70 may be fluidly connected to the system exit 24, whereby the branch conduit 70 may transport filtered lubricant LD from the lubricant filter 56 to the system exit 24.
  • a branch conduit 72 may also be fluidly connected to the separation device 22 and a liquid process fluid conduit 74, and may transport filtered lubricant LD from the lubricant filter 56 to the separation device 22 and/or the liquid process fluid conduit 74.
  • the compression system 0 may be advantageously configured for use in subsea applications.
  • the compression system 10 may include a sealed casing (not shown), which may be located beneath the body of water, for example, on an ocean floor near an undersea well 20.
  • the casing may sea!ingly enclose the compressor 12, the motor(s) 13, 13b, and/or the process fluid pump 17.
  • the lubricant source 14 may be remote from the casing-contained elements, and may be located above the surface of the water, for example, on an oil platform.
  • the lubricant inlet line 16, or umbilical extends from the remote lubricant source 14, down to the ocean floor, and connects to the components of the compression system 10 located there, which may be contained in the casing.
  • the lubricant recycling assembly 19 may also be at least partially located on the ocean floor, and may be located in the casing. Accordingly, one or more of the lubricant pump 58, the lubricant filter 56, and the lubricant cooler 54 may be disposed near the compressor 12, and the lubricant pump 58 may be close-coupled and/or integrated with the compressor 12 or another component of the compression system 10, as described above. In other embodiments, one or more of the lubricant filter 56, the lubricant cooler 54 and the lubricant pump 58 may be located above the surface of the water, for easy access and maintenance.
  • the process fluid F flows from the process fluid source 20, into the separation device 22.
  • the usable lubricant Lc flows through the lubricant inlet line 16, wherein a hydrate-reduction portion of the lubricant L C H may flow through the conduit 16a into the separation device 22, and mix with the process fluid F, to reduce the formation of hydrates.
  • Contaminants such as dirt, rocks, water, and/or the like, may be removed from the process fluid F in the separation device 22.
  • the gaseous portion F G may then be channeled to the compressor 12, which compresses the gaseous portion FG, and is then channeled to a system exit 26.
  • the liquid portion FL is channeled into the process fluid pump 17 via the liquid process fluid conduit 74, is pressurized, and may then exit the compression system 10 via the system exit 24.
  • the liquid portion FL and the gaseous portion F G may be recombined.
  • the liquid and gaseous portions FL and FG may be recombined before exiting the compression system 10 or may not be recombined at all, according to the desired use of the process fluid F.
  • the lubricant source 14 may also be fluidly connected to the motor(s) 13, 13b, the compressor 12, and the process fluid pump 17, which may discharge the used lubricant Lu as described above.
  • the lubricant recycling line 18, which may be part of the lubrication recycling assembly 19, may channel the used lubricant Lu to one or more other components of the lubrication recycling assembly 19, such as the lubricant pump 58 for pressurization, the lubricant filter 56 for filtration of contaminants, and/or the lubricant cooler 54 for reducing the temperature of the used lubricant l_u.
  • the lubricant filter 56 may produce filtered lubricant L D .
  • the filtered lubricant LD may be channeled to the system exit 24 by the branch conduit 70.
  • the filtered lubricant L D may also be channeled to the separation device 22 or the liquid process fluid conduit 74 by the branch conduit 72.
  • Processing the used lubricant l_u by one or more of the lubricant cooler, filter, and/or pump 54, 56, 58, may convert the used lubricant Lu into recycled lubricant L , which is ready to be reclaimed and reused in the compression system 10.
  • the recycled lubricant L R may exit the lubricant recycling line 18 via the clean side 60, which may be connected to the lubricant source 14 and/or the lubricant inlet line 16, wherein the recycled lubricant LR may combine with the usable lubricant L C ; alternatively, the recycled lubricant LR may flow directly into the separation device 22 to augment the hydrate-reducing portion LCH of the lubricant that mixes with the process fluid F.
  • the clean side 60 may be connected to two or more of the lubricant source 14, the lubricant inlet line
  • Figure 2 illustrates a flow chart of an exemplary method of recycling a lubricant in a compression system.
  • the method may include compressing a process fluid using a compressor, shown at 101 , and lubricating the compressor using a lubricant from a remote source, shown at 102.
  • the lubricant may also be used for lubricating a motor and a process fluid pump, as described with reference to Figure .
  • the lubricant becomes a used lubricant that may be discharged from the compressor, as shown at 103.
  • used lubricant may contain contaminants that limit the efficacy of the lubricant, and may otherwise be unsuitable for continued use.
  • the used lubricant may be discharged from the compressor primarily through a compressor lubricant outlet, as described above, but a portion may additionally leak out of the compressor and into the process fluid.
  • the remote source may continuously supply the usable lubricant to the compression system, to account for the leakage experienced during operation of the compression system.
  • the used lubricant discharged through the compressor lubricant outlet may be recycled for reclamation, shown at 104.
  • the used lubricant may also be discharged from the process fluid pump and/or the motor, and may also be recycled for reclamation. Recycling the lubricant may, for example, include filtering contaminants out of the used lubricant, as shown at 105.
  • the filtering may be accomplished using a filter, which may be any type of passive filter, and/or a rotary separator or another type of separator, as described above.
  • Recycling the used lubricant may include further processing of the used lubricant.
  • the used lubricant may be at an elevated temperature, which may negatively impact the viscosity of the lubricant, and may make the lubricant more difficult to handle.
  • the method may further include reducing the temperature (i.e., cooling) of the used lubricant with a lubricant cooler, shown at 106.
  • the lubricant cooler may be any type of fluid cooling device, such as a dual shell heat exchanger, or the like, as described above.
  • the used lubricant may also need to be pumped through the compression system to overcome any pressure differentials or head loss therein. Therefore, the method may include pumping the used lubricant, as shown at 107.
  • the pump may be any sort of pump suitable for pumping lubricant in the quantities and to the pressure needed.
  • Recycling the used lubricant may further include reintroduction of the used lubricant into the compressor. This may be accomplished by mixing the used lubricant with the lubricant from the remote source to form a mixed lubricant, as shown at 108.
  • the used lubricant may remain separate from the lubricant from the remote source, and may be injected directly into the compressor, and/or into a separation device for mixing with the process fluid, as described above with reference to Figure 1. Once mixed, the mixed lubricant may be transported back to the compressor, as shown at 109.
  • the method includes positioning the remote lubricant source on an oil platform over a body of water, such as the ocean.
  • the method may also include positioning the compressor under a surface of the body of water, such as on the bottom of the ocean proximate to an undersea source of oil, natural gas, or other fluid.
  • the method may further include transporting the lubricant from the remote source through an umbilical to the compressor.
  • the umbilical may be a long line or tube from the oil platform to the compressor. Further, the umbilical may require a pump to move the lubricant down to the compressor.
  • the pump may be any pump suitable for pumping the necessary quantities of lubricant over the incident pressure differential.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système, un appareil et un procédé de compression. L'appareil de compression comprend un moteur, une source de lubrifiant, un cordon ombilical, un compresseur, un dispositif de séparation et un ensemble de recyclage de lubrifiant. La source de lubrifiant fournit du lubrifiant. Le cordon ombilical est relié à la source de lubrifiant. Le compresseur est relié fonctionnellement au moteur, relié fluidiquement au cordon ombilical et comprend une sortie de lubrifiant du compresseur et une entrée de lubrifiant du compresseur qui est reliée fluidiquement au cordon ombilical. Le dispositif de séparation est relié fluidiquement au compresseur, à la source de lubrifiant et à un puits comprenant un fluide de process, le dispositif de séparation agissant pour séparer le fluide de process en une partie sensiblement liquide une partie sensiblement gazeuse, une partie du lubrifiant se mélangeant au fluide de process. L'ensemble de recyclage de lubrifiant comprend un côté souillé relié à la sortie de lubrifiant du compresseur, un côté propre relié à l'entrée de lubrifiant du compresseur, un filtre à lubrifiant et une pompe à lubrifiant.
PCT/US2010/048665 2009-10-22 2010-09-13 Système de lubrification pour compresseur sous-marin WO2011049685A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/603,749 2009-10-22
US12/603,749 US20110097216A1 (en) 2009-10-22 2009-10-22 Lubrication system for subsea compressor

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WO2011049685A2 true WO2011049685A2 (fr) 2011-04-28
WO2011049685A3 WO2011049685A3 (fr) 2011-06-09

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