WO2011048695A1 - 空気調和装置 - Google Patents
空気調和装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011048695A1 WO2011048695A1 PCT/JP2009/068256 JP2009068256W WO2011048695A1 WO 2011048695 A1 WO2011048695 A1 WO 2011048695A1 JP 2009068256 W JP2009068256 W JP 2009068256W WO 2011048695 A1 WO2011048695 A1 WO 2011048695A1
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- refrigerant
- heat exchanger
- temperature
- hot water
- operation mode
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
- F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
- F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/003—Indoor unit with water as a heat sink or heat source
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/021—Indoor unit or outdoor unit with auxiliary heat exchanger not forming part of the indoor or outdoor unit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
- F25B2313/0231—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units with simultaneous cooling and heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
- F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/0272—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using bridge circuits of one-way valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
- F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an air conditioner in which a plurality of indoor units that individually perform a heat source unit, a relay unit, and an air conditioner are connected by two refrigerant pipes.
- Patent Document 1 conventionally, a refrigerant that operates in a supercritical state, a heat source unit, a relay unit, and a plurality of indoor units that individually perform cooling and heating are connected to each other by two refrigerant pipes. A harmony device exists. Moreover, in the air conditioning apparatus of patent document 2, it heats and cools the water supplied by attaching a load side refrigerant circuit with the same circuit as patent document 1.
- the heat source unit and the plurality of indoor units are connected by a high-pressure pipe, a low-pressure pipe, and a liquid pipe, and the plurality of indoor units perform cooling and heating simultaneously,
- an air conditioner that supplies hot water by directly exchanging heat between the refrigerant of the conditioner and the water flowing into the water heat exchanger.
- a water heat exchanger is installed in the discharge pipe of the compressor, a pipe connected to the outdoor heat exchanger from the outlet of the water heat exchanger and a pipe bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger are connected, Control is performed to determine whether or not to bypass the outdoor heat exchanger when the outlet refrigerant temperature of the water heat exchanger is higher and lower than the outside air temperature in the simultaneous operation of cooling and hot water supply.
- Heating and hot water supply operation the refrigerant after hot water is supplied by the water heat exchanger performs heating by the heating indoor unit.
- the heat source unit and the plurality of indoor units are connected by the high pressure pipe, the low pressure pipe, and the liquid pipe, and at the same time, the hot water supply unit is connected so as to connect the high pressure pipe and the liquid pipe.
- the hot water supply is done.
- coolant discharged from the compressor flows directly into a hot-water supply apparatus by connecting a heat source machine and a relay machine with three piping, but in patent document 1, it discharged from the compressor.
- the refrigerant is cooled by the heat source apparatus side heat exchanger and then flows into the hot water supply device, and the heat exchange performance of the water heat exchanger in that case is lowered.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems.
- An air conditioner includes a compressor that compresses a refrigerant, a heat source unit-side heat exchanger, a heat source unit that includes a first channel switching device that switches a channel of the refrigerant, the refrigerant, indoor air, An indoor unit side heat exchanger for exchanging heat, a plurality of indoor units having a first flow rate control device for controlling the flow rate of the refrigerant, the heat source unit and two heat source unit side refrigerant pipes connected to each other, and the heat source Branch the machine side refrigerant piping for each of the plurality of indoor units, and switch each of the indoor units and branching devices connected by two indoor unit side refrigerant pipes, and the flow path of the refrigerant flowing to each indoor unit.
- a heating operation for heating indoor air by supplying a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor to all of the plurality of indoor unit-side heat exchangers.
- Mode and all of the plurality of indoor unit side heat exchangers A cooling operation mode in which low-temperature / low-pressure refrigerant is flowed to cool indoor air, and high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor is allowed to flow in some of the plurality of indoor unit-side heat exchangers.
- An air conditioner capable of performing a cooling and heating mixed operation mode in which low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is allowed to flow through another part of the plurality of indoor unit-side heat exchangers to cool indoor air
- the relay includes a connection circuit that enables connection of a water heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and water between the branch device and the heat source unit side refrigerant pipe.
- a hot water supply function is provided between the branching device and the heat source unit side refrigerant pipe, since the connection circuit that enables connection of a water heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and water is provided. Can be easily added.
- FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant circuit configuration of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow during a cooling operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 6 is a Ph diagram during cooling operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow when hot water is supplied during a cooling operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- 6 is a Ph diagram when hot water is supplied during cooling operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow during heating operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- 6 is a Ph diagram during heating operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a refrigerant circuit diagram which shows the flow of the refrigerant
- FIG. 6 is a Ph diagram when hot water is supplied during heating operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow during a cooling main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 is a Ph diagram during cooling-main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow when hot water is supplied during a cooling main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 6 is a Ph diagram when hot water is supplied during the cooling main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow during heating-main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a Ph diagram during heating main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 6 is a Ph diagram when hot water is supplied during heating-main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- 4 is a control flowchart for increasing the temperature of the refrigerant during the cooling operation and the cooling main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- It is a refrigerant circuit figure in the case of bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioning apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a control flowchart for increasing the temperature of the refrigerant during the cooling operation and the cooling main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant circuit configuration of an air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow during heating operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow during a cooling main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 2.
- 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow during heating-main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 2. It is a selection control flowchart of a serial connection and a parallel connection when hot water is supplied in each operation mode of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 2.
- 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant circuit configuration of an air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant circuit configuration of an air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 4.
- FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant circuit configuration of an air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 4.
- FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant circuit configuration of an air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 4.
- FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant circuit configuration
- FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant circuit configuration of an air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 The circuit configuration of the air conditioner 100 will be described with reference to FIG.
- A is a heat source machine
- B is a relay machine
- C to E are indoor units connected in parallel
- F is a hot water supply device.
- the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner 100 uses a refrigerant that operates in a state where the discharge pressure is higher than the critical pressure, such as carbon dioxide.
- the critical pressure such as carbon dioxide
- a case where one relay unit, three indoor units, and one hot water supply device are connected to one heat source unit will be described. However, two or more heat source units and two or more relay units are connected. The same applies when two or more indoor units and two or more hot water supply devices are connected.
- the heat source unit A has a built-in compressor 1, a four-way switching valve 2 that is a switching valve that switches the refrigerant flow direction of the heat source unit, an outdoor heat exchanger 3 that is a heat source unit side heat exchanger, and an accumulator 4.
- the compressor 1 sucks a refrigerant and compresses the refrigerant to a high temperature / high pressure state, and may be configured by, for example, an inverter compressor capable of capacity control.
- the four-way switching valve 2 switches between the refrigerant flow during the heating operation (in the heating only operation mode and the heating main operation mode) and the refrigerant flow during the cooling operation (in the cooling only operation mode and the cooling main operation mode). Is.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 3 functions as an evaporator during heating operation, functions as a condenser (or radiator) during cooling operation, and performs heat exchange between air supplied from a blower such as a fan and a refrigerant, The refrigerant is evaporated or condensed and liquefied.
- the accumulator 4 is provided on the suction side of the compressor 1 and stores excess refrigerant.
- the air-cooled outdoor heat exchanger 3 will be described as an example of the heat source side heat exchanger. However, other systems such as a water-cooled type may be used as long as the refrigerant exchanges heat with other fluids. .
- first connection pipe 6 is a thick first connection pipe connecting the four-way switching valve 2 and the relay B.
- Reference numeral 7 denotes a second connection pipe that is thinner than the first connection pipe 6 that connects the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the relay B.
- These first connection pipe and second connection pipe constitute a heat source machine side refrigerant pipe.
- the check valve 15 is a check valve provided between the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second connection pipe 7.
- the check valve 15 allows the refrigerant to flow only from the outdoor heat exchanger 3 to the second connection pipe 7.
- Reference numeral 16 denotes a check valve provided between the four-way switching valve 2 of the heat source device A and the first connection pipe 6.
- the check valve 16 allows the refrigerant to flow only from the first connection pipe 6 to the four-way switching valve 2.
- Reference numeral 17 denotes a check valve provided between the four-way switching valve 2 of the heat source device A and the second connection pipe 7.
- the check valve 17 allows the refrigerant to flow only from the four-way switching valve 2 to the second connection pipe 7.
- a check valve 18 is provided between the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the first connection pipe 6.
- the check valve 18 allows the refrigerant to flow only from the first connection pipe 6 to the outdoor heat exchanger 3.
- the relay machine B includes a first branching unit 10, a second flow rate control device 12, a second branching unit 11, and a third flow rate control device 13.
- Each of the indoor units C, D, and E includes first flow control devices 9c, 9d, and 9e, and indoor heat exchangers 5c, 5d, and 5e that are indoor unit side heat exchangers.
- 6c, 6d, and 6e are provided corresponding to the indoor units C, D, and E, and connect the indoor heat exchangers 5c, 5d, and 5e of the indoor units C, D, and E to the relay unit B, respectively.
- Machine side connection piping. 7c, 7d, and 7e are provided corresponding to the indoor units C, D, and E, respectively, and connect the first flow rate control devices 9c, 9d, and 9e of the indoor units C, D, and E to the relay unit B, respectively. It is indoor unit side connection piping.
- the first indoor unit side connection pipes 6c, 6d, 6e and the second indoor unit side connection pipes 7c, 7d, 7e constitute an indoor unit side refrigerant pipe.
- the first flow rate control devices 9c, 9d, and 9e have functions as pressure reducing valves and expansion valves, and expand the refrigerant by decompressing it.
- the first flow rate control devices 9c, 9d, and 9e are connected to the second indoor unit side connection pipes 7c, 7d, and 7e, respectively.
- the first flow rate control devices 9c, 9d, and 9e are provided on the upstream side of the indoor heat exchangers 5c, 5d, and 5e in the refrigerant flow during the cooling operation.
- the first flow rate control devices 9c, 9d, and 9e are connected in close proximity to the indoor heat exchangers 5c, 5d, and 5e, and are adjusted by the degree of superheat on the outlet side of the indoor heat exchanger 5 during cooling and the degree of supercooling during heating. Is done.
- the first flow rate control devices 9c, 9d, and 9e are preferably constituted by devices whose opening degree can be controlled variably, such as an electronic expansion valve.
- the 1st branch part 10 is equipped with electromagnetic valves 8c, 8d, 8e, 8f, 8g, and 8h.
- the solenoid valves 8c, 8d, and 8e connect the first indoor unit side connection pipes 6c, 6d, and 6e and the first connection pipe 6, respectively.
- the electromagnetic valves 8f, 8g, and 8h connect the first indoor unit side connection pipes 6c, 6d, and 6e and the second connection pipe 7, respectively.
- the first indoor unit side connection pipes 6c, 6d, 6e can be switched to the first connection pipe 6 or the second connection pipe 7, respectively, by switching the opening and closing of the solenoid valves 8c, 8d, 8e, 8f, 8g, 8h. Connect to.
- the 2nd branch part 11 consists of the 2nd indoor unit side connection piping 7c, 7d, 7e, the 1st bypass piping 14a in the relay machine B mentioned later, the 2nd bypass piping 14b, and the meeting part.
- the first branch unit 10 and the second branch unit 11 constitute a branch device.
- a number of three-way valves corresponding to the indoor units may be provided. In this case, one of the three sides is connected to the first connection pipe 6, one of the three sides is connected to the second connection pipe 7, and one of the three sides is connected to the first indoor unit side connection pipes 6 c, 6 d, 6 e, respectively. Connected.
- 14a is a first bypass pipe that connects the second connection pipe 7 and the second branching section 11 in the repeater B.
- Reference numeral 14 b denotes a second bypass pipe that connects the first connection pipe 6 and the second branch portion 11 in the repeater B.
- Reference numeral 12 denotes a second flow rate control device that can be freely opened and closed provided in the middle of the first bypass pipe 14a.
- Reference numeral 13 denotes a third flow rate control device which is provided in the middle of the second bypass pipe 14b and can be opened and closed.
- the 2nd flow control device 12 and the 3rd flow control device 13 are constituted by a two-way valve etc. which used a stepping motor, for example, make the opening degree of piping changeable, and adjust the flow rate of a refrigerant.
- the second flow rate control device 12, the third flow rate control device 13, the first bypass pipe 14a, the second bypass pipe 14b, and the electromagnetic valves 8c, 8d, 8e, 8f, 8g, and 8h constitute
- the air conditioner 100 is provided with a heat source machine control means 50 and a relay machine control means 51 which are heat source equipment side control devices.
- these control means 50 and 51 include information detected by various detectors provided in the air conditioning apparatus 100 (refrigerant pressure information, refrigerant temperature information, outdoor temperature information, And control of driving of the compressor 1, switching of the four-way switching valve 2, driving of the fan motor of the outdoor fan, opening of each flow control device, driving of the fan motor of the indoor fan based on the indoor temperature information). It has become.
- the control means 50 and 51 are constituted by a microcomputer or the like, and include memories 50a and 51a in which functions and the like for determining each control value are stored.
- the hot water supply apparatus F is provided with a hot water supply tank 30, a water heat exchanger 31 for exchanging heat between water and the refrigerant, and a pump 32 for driving water.
- the hot water supply tank 30 is provided with a hot water intake at the top of the tank.
- An inflow port of warm water returning from the water heat exchanger 31 is provided on the other upper side of the tank.
- a water supply port for supplementing the tank water is provided at the bottom of the tank.
- An outlet for supplying water in the tank to the water heat exchanger 31 is provided on the other side of the lower part of the tank.
- a water pipe is assembled so that the water heat exchanger 31, the pump 32, and the inlet of the hot water tank 30 are connected in an annular shape from the outlet of the hot water tank 30.
- the pump 32 may be located between the tank outlet and the water heat exchanger 31.
- a flow path switching valve 33 that switches inflow of the refrigerant to the hot water supply apparatus F is installed.
- the flow path switching valve 33 is constituted by a three-way valve or the like, and switches the flow path of the refrigerant.
- one of the three sides is on the heat source side of the second connection pipe 7
- one of the three sides is on the refrigerant inlet side of the water heat exchanger 31, and one of the three sides is on the second connection.
- Each of the pipes 7 is connected to the first branch portion 10 side.
- a return pipe 36 a that connects the refrigerant outlet side of the water heat exchanger 31 of the water heater F and the second connection pipe 7 is provided.
- the flow path switching valve 33 and the return pipe 36a constitute a connection circuit. With this connection circuit, the water heat exchanger 31 of the hot water supply device F can be connected between the branch device and the second connection pipe 7.
- the flow path switching valve 33 is not limited to a three-way valve, and any flow path switching valve 33 may be used as long as it can switch two flow paths such as a two-way valve.
- the water heat exchanger 31 is installed upstream of the heating indoor unit.
- the flow rate control device 34 may be provided in the return pipe 36a. If the flow control device 34 is provided, the hot water supply circuit can be shut off, and the place where evacuation is required in the additional work of the hot water supply device F is only between the flow path switching valve 33 and the flow control device 34. Construction can be done easily.
- the hot water supply apparatus F is provided with a tank temperature detector 40 that measures the temperature in the hot water tank 30.
- a water temperature detector 41 that is a water temperature detector is provided in the pipe between the outlet of the hot water supply tank 30 and the inlet of the water heat exchanger 31.
- a water temperature detector 42 that is a water temperature detector is provided in the pipe between the outlet of the water heat exchanger 31 and the inlet of the hot water supply tank 30.
- the in-tank temperature detector 40 and the water temperature detectors 41 and 42 are preferably composed of, for example, a thermistor.
- a refrigerant temperature detector 43 is provided in the vicinity of the flow path switching valve 33 of the relay machine B. The refrigerant temperature detector 43 measures the inlet refrigerant temperature of the water heat exchanger 31.
- the refrigerant temperature detector 43 is preferably composed of, for example, a thermistor.
- a hot water supply device control means 52 which is a hot water supply device side control device is provided.
- the control means 52 calculates the difference from the target value of the temperature in the hot water supply tank 30, the temperature difference between the water temperature detectors 41 and 42 at the inlet / outlet of the water heat exchanger, or the indicated value of the water temperature detector 42 at the outlet of the water heat exchanger.
- the flow rate of the pump 32 is controlled by controlling the driving voltage of the pump 32 and the like. Alternatively, the flow rate is controlled by controlling the drive voltage of the pump 32 so that the flow rate of the pump 32 becomes constant.
- the control means 52 is constituted by a microcomputer or the like, and includes a memory 52a in which a function for determining each control value is stored.
- the operation during various operations performed by the air conditioner 100 will be described.
- the operation of the air conditioner 100 has four modes of cooling operation, heating operation, cooling main operation, and heating main operation according to the settings of the cooling operation and heating operation of the indoor unit. There are cases where hot water is supplied and hot water is not supplied.
- the cooling operation is an operation mode in which the indoor unit can only be cooled, and is cooled or stopped.
- the heating operation is an operation mode in which the indoor unit can only be heated and is heated or stopped.
- Cooling-main operation which is a mixed operation of cooling and heating, is an operation mode in which cooling and heating can be selected for each indoor unit.
- the cooling load is larger than the heating load (the sum of the cooling load and the compressor input is greater than the heating load).
- This is an operation mode in which the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is connected to the discharge side of the compressor 1 and acts as a radiator (condenser).
- Heating-dominated operation which is a mixed operation of cooling and heating, is an operation mode in which cooling and heating can be selected for each indoor unit.
- the heating load is larger than the cooling load (the heating load is larger than the sum of the cooling load and the compressor input).
- This is an operation mode in which the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is connected to the suction side of the compressor 1 and operates as an evaporator.
- the refrigerant flow in each operation mode will be described with a Ph diagram.
- FIG. 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating the refrigerant flow during the cooling operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- the four-way switching valve 2 is switched so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 3.
- the electromagnetic valves 8c, 8d, and 8e connected to the indoor units C, D, and E are opened, and the electromagnetic valves 8f, 8g, and 8h are closed.
- tube represented by the thick line of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a Ph diagram during the cooling operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- the refrigerant states (a) to (e) shown in FIG. 3 are refrigerant states at the locations shown in FIG.
- the compressor 1 starts operating.
- a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the refrigerant compression process of the compressor 1 is compressed so as to be heated rather than being adiabatically compressed by an isentropic line by the amount of the adiabatic efficiency of the compressor, and is indicated by points (a) to (b) in FIG. Represented by a line.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 3 through the four-way switching valve 2. At this time, the refrigerant is cooled while heating the outdoor air, and becomes a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
- the refrigerant change in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is represented by a slightly inclined horizontal line shown from point (b) to point (c) in FIG.
- the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 passes through the second connection pipe 7 and passes through the flow path switching valve 33 so as to bypass the hot water supply device F.
- the refrigerant hardly changes and becomes point (d) in FIG.
- it passes through the first bypass pipe 14a and the second flow rate control device 12, flows into the second branch portion 11, branches, and flows into the first flow rate control devices 9c, 9d, and 9e.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is throttled by the first flow control devices 9c, 9d, and 9e to expand and depressurize, so that a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state is obtained.
- the change of the refrigerant in the first flow control devices 9c, 9d, 9e is performed under a constant enthalpy.
- the refrigerant change at this time is represented by the vertical line shown from the point (d) to the point (e) in FIG.
- the refrigerant is heated while cooling the room air, and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the change of the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchangers 5c, 5d, and 5e is expressed by a slightly inclined straight line that is slightly inclined from the point (e) to the point (a) in FIG.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant that has exited the indoor heat exchangers 5c, 5d, and 5e flows through the electromagnetic valves 8c, 8d, and 8e, respectively, and flows into the first branch portion 10.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant merged at the first branch portion 10 flows into the compressor 1 through the first connection pipe 6 and the four-way switching valve 2 and is compressed.
- FIG. 4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a flow of refrigerant when hot water is supplied during the cooling operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 5 is a Ph diagram when hot water is supplied during the cooling operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- the refrigerant states (a) to (e) shown in FIG. 5 are refrigerant states at the locations shown in FIG. When the hot water supply operation is performed, the change in the point (d) differs from the point (c) when the hot water supply operation ( ⁇ ) is not performed.
- the refrigerant flowing out of the heat source device A and passing through the second connection pipe 7 flows into the hot water supply water heat exchanger 31 through the flow path switching valve 33 and is cooled by exchanging heat with the water supplied from the hot water supply tank 30.
- the change in enthalpy at this time is represented by a slightly inclined straight line that is slightly inclined from point (c) to point (d) in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating the refrigerant flow during the heating operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- the four-way switching valve 2 is switched so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the first branch section 10.
- the electromagnetic valves 8c, 8d, 8e connected to the indoor units C, D, E are closed, and the electromagnetic valves 8f, 8g, 8h are opened.
- the piping represented with the thick line of FIG. 6 shows the piping through which a refrigerant circulates.
- FIG. 7 is a Ph diagram during heating operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- the refrigerant states (a) to (e) shown in FIG. 7 are refrigerant states at the locations shown in FIG.
- the compressor 1 starts operating.
- a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the refrigerant compression process of the compressor 1 is represented by a line shown from the point (a) to the point (b) in FIG.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 passes through the flow path switching valve 33 so as to bypass the hot water supply device F via the four-way switching valve 2 and the second connection pipe 7. At this time, the refrigerant hardly changes and becomes point (c) in FIG. Then, it branches at the 1st branch part 10, flows into the indoor heat exchangers 5c, 5d, and 5e through the electromagnetic valves 8f, 8g, and 8h. The refrigerant is heated while cooling the room air, and becomes a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
- the change of the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchangers 5c, 5d, and 5e is represented by a slightly inclined straight line that is slightly inclined from the point (c) to the point (d) in FIG.
- the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor heat exchangers 5c, 5d, and 5e flows into the first flow rate control devices 9c, 9d, and 9e, joins at the second branching unit 11, and further enters the third flow rate control device 13. Inflow. Then, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is throttled by the first flow rate control devices 9c, 9d, 9e and the third flow rate control device 13, and is expanded and depressurized to enter a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state.
- the refrigerant change at this time is represented by the vertical line shown from the point (d) to the point (e) in FIG.
- the refrigerant change in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is represented by a slightly inclined straight line that is slightly inclined from the point (e) to the point (a) in FIG.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant exiting the outdoor heat exchanger 3 passes through the four-way switching valve 2 and flows into the compressor 1 and is compressed.
- FIG. 8 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a flow of refrigerant when hot water is supplied during heating operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 9 is a Ph diagram when hot water is supplied during the heating operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- the refrigerant states (a) to (e) shown in FIG. 9 are refrigerant states at the locations shown in FIG. 9, respectively.
- the refrigerant flowing out of the heat source device A and passing through the second connection pipe 7 flows into the hot water supply water heat exchanger 31 through the flow path switching valve 33 and is cooled by exchanging heat with the water supplied from the hot water supply tank 30.
- the change in enthalpy at this time is represented by a slightly inclined straight line that is slightly inclined from point (b) to point (c) in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating the refrigerant flow during the cooling main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- the four-way switching valve 2 is switched so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 3.
- the electromagnetic valves 8c and 8d connected to the indoor units C and D are opened, and the electromagnetic valves 8f and 8g are closed.
- the electromagnetic valve 8e connected to the indoor unit E is closed, and the electromagnetic valve 8h is opened.
- FIG. 11 is a Ph diagram during the cooling main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- the refrigerant states (a) to (f) shown in FIG. 11 are refrigerant states at the locations shown in FIG.
- the compressor 1 starts operating.
- a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the refrigerant compression process of the compressor 1 is represented by a line shown from the point (a) to the point (b) in FIG.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 3 through the four-way switching valve 2. At this time, in the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the refrigerant is cooled while heating the outdoor air while leaving the amount of heat necessary for heating, and becomes a medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant.
- the refrigerant change in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is represented by a slightly inclined straight line that is slightly inclined from the point (b) to the point (c) in FIG.
- the medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 passes through the second connection pipe 7 and the flow path switching valve 33 so as to bypass the hot water supply device F.
- the refrigerant hardly changes and becomes point (d) in FIG.
- it flows in into the indoor heat exchanger 5e which heats through the 1st branch part 10 and the electromagnetic valve 8h.
- the refrigerant is cooled while heating the room air, and becomes a medium temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant.
- the change of the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 5e is represented by a slightly inclined straight line shown from point (d) to point (e) in FIG.
- the refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor heat exchanger 5e that performs heating passes through the first flow rate control device 9e, is branched by the second branching unit 11, and is supplied to the first flow rate control devices 9c and 9d of the indoor units C and E that perform cooling. Inflow.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is squeezed and decompressed by the first flow control devices 9c and 9d to be in a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state.
- the change of the refrigerant in the first flow control devices 9c and 9d is performed under a constant enthalpy.
- the refrigerant change at this time is represented by the vertical line shown from the point (e) to the point (f) in FIG.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has exited the first flow control devices 9c and 9d flows into the indoor heat exchangers 5c and 5d that perform cooling.
- the refrigerant is heated while cooling the room air, and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the change of the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchangers 5c and 5d is represented by a slightly inclined straight line that is slightly inclined from the point (f) to the point (a) in FIG.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant exiting the indoor heat exchangers 5c and 5d flows through the electromagnetic valves 8c and 8d, respectively, and flows into the first branch section 10.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant merged at the first branch portion 10 flows into the compressor 1 through the first connection pipe 6 and the four-way switching valve 2 and is compressed.
- FIG. 12 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a refrigerant flow when hot water is supplied during the cooling main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 13 is a Ph diagram when hot water is supplied during the cooling main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- the refrigerant states (a) to (f) shown in FIG. 13 are refrigerant states at the locations shown in FIG. When the hot water supply operation is performed, the change in the point (d) differs from the point (c) when the hot water supply operation ( ⁇ ) is not performed.
- the refrigerant flowing out of the heat source device A and passing through the second connection pipe 7 flows into the hot water supply water heat exchanger 31 through the flow path switching valve 33 and is cooled by exchanging heat with the water supplied from the hot water supply tank 30.
- the change in enthalpy at this time is represented by a slightly inclined horizontal line shown from point (c) to point (d) in FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow during heating-main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- the indoor unit C is performing the cooling operation and the indoor units D and E are performing the heating operation will be described.
- the four-way switching valve 2 is switched so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the first branch portion 10.
- the electromagnetic valve 8f connected to the indoor unit C is closed, and the electromagnetic valve 8c is opened.
- the electromagnetic valves 8g and 8h connected to the indoor units D and E are opened, and the electromagnetic valves 8d and 8e are closed.
- FIG. 15 is a Ph diagram during heating-main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- the refrigerant states (a) to (h) shown in FIG. 15 are refrigerant states at the locations shown in FIG.
- the compressor 1 starts operating.
- a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the refrigerant compression process of the compressor 1 is represented by a line shown from the point (a) to the point (b) in FIG.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 passes through the flow path switching valve 33 so as to bypass the hot water supply device F via the four-way switching valve 2 and the second connection pipe 7. At this time, the refrigerant hardly changes and becomes a point (c) in FIG. Thereafter, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed into the first branch portion 10 is branched at the first branch portion 10 and flows into the indoor heat exchangers 5d and 5e that perform heating through the electromagnetic valves 8g and 8h. The refrigerant is cooled while heating the room air, and becomes a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
- the change of the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchangers 5d and 5e is represented by a slightly inclined straight line that is slightly inclined from the point (c) to the point (d) in FIG.
- the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor heat exchangers 5d and 5e flows into the first flow rate control devices 9d and 9e, and merges at the second branch portion 11.
- a part of the high-pressure liquid refrigerant merged at the second branch portion 11 flows into the first flow rate control device 9c connected to the indoor unit C that performs cooling.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is throttled by the first flow control device 9c to expand and depressurize, and a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state is obtained.
- the refrigerant change at this time is represented by the vertical line shown from the point (d) to the point (e) in FIG.
- the low-temperature, low-pressure, gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has exited the first flow control device 9c flows into the indoor heat exchanger 5c that performs cooling.
- the refrigerant is heated while cooling the room air, and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the refrigerant change at this time is represented by a slightly inclined straight line that is slightly inclined from point (e) to point (f) in FIG.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant exiting the indoor heat exchanger 5c passes through the electromagnetic valve 8c and flows into the first connection pipe 6.
- the remainder of the high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed into the second branch portion 11 from the indoor heat exchangers 5 d and 5 e that perform heating flows into the third flow rate control device 13. Then, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is squeezed and expanded (depressurized) by the third flow control device 13 to be in a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state.
- the refrigerant change at this time is represented by the vertical line shown from the point (d) to the point (g) in FIG.
- the low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has exited the third flow control device 13 flows into the first connection pipe 6 and merges with the low-temperature low-pressure vapor refrigerant that has flowed from the indoor heat exchanger 5c that performs cooling. (Point (h)).
- the low-temperature, low-pressure, gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has joined in the first connection pipe 6 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 3.
- the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outdoor air and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the refrigerant change at this time is represented by a straight line that is slightly inclined from the point (h) to the point (a) in FIG.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant leaving the outdoor heat exchanger 3 flows into the compressor 1 through the four-way switching valve 2 and is compressed.
- FIG. 16 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow when hot water is supplied during heating-main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 17 is a Ph diagram when hot water is supplied during the heating main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- the refrigerant states (a) to (h) shown in FIG. 16 are refrigerant states at the locations shown in FIG. When the hot water supply operation is performed, the change in the point (c) differs from the point (b) when the hot water supply operation ( ⁇ ) is not performed.
- the refrigerant flowing out of the heat source device A and passing through the second connection pipe 7 flows into the hot water supply water heat exchanger 31 through the flow path switching valve 33 and is cooled by exchanging heat with the water supplied from the hot water supply tank 30.
- the change in enthalpy at this time is represented by a slightly inclined straight line that is slightly inclined from point (b) to point (c) in FIG.
- the carbon dioxide refrigerant used in the air-conditioning apparatus 100 of the present embodiment has characteristics that the refrigerant density in the supercritical state is larger and the specific heat is larger than that of the chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant.
- the specific heat of the gas is larger than that of the chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant, and high temperature hot water discharge in hot water supply is possible without adding a load side refrigerant circuit.
- the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the pipe is lowered to the vicinity of the outside air temperature by the outdoor heat exchanger 3. For this reason, when the temperature of the hot water supply is higher than the temperature of the supplied refrigerant or when hot water having a high hot water temperature is required on the hot water supply tank side, it is necessary to increase the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the hot water supply device F. .
- the cooling operation and the cooling main operation two operations for increasing the refrigerant inflow temperature will be described.
- FIG. 18 is a control flowchart for increasing the refrigerant temperature during the cooling operation and the cooling main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1. is there.
- step 1 control of cooling operation and cooling main operation is started.
- step 2 it is confirmed whether or not the hot water supply device F connected to the repeater B is operating. If hot water is not supplied, normal cooling operation or cooling main operation is continued in step 3 (circuit of FIG. 2 or FIG. 10).
- step 4 when hot water is being supplied, cooling is performed in step 4 from the water temperature in the hot water tank 30 (indicated value of the tank temperature detector 40) and the hot water temperature of the hot water supply apparatus F (indicated value of the water temperature detector 42). It is determined whether hot water supply in operation or cooling-dominated operation is possible. Even if it is determined whether the target hot water can be discharged by comparing the refrigerant temperature (indicated value of the refrigerant temperature detector 43) flowing into the water heat exchanger 31 with the water temperature (indicated value of the water temperature detector 41). good.
- Step 5 the hot water supply is continued in the cooling operation or the cooling main operation mode (circuit of FIG. 4 or FIG. 12).
- step 4 if it is determined in step 4 that a hotter hot water is necessary, the control means 52 of the hot water supply device F transmits data related to the current hot water supply status to the control means 50 of the heat source unit A in step 6 for control.
- the means 50 judges that it is necessary to preferentially supply hot water, and switches the four-way switching valve 2 to form a heating circuit.
- the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows directly into the water heat exchanger 31 (the number of indoor units is different from the others, but the circuit of FIG. 8 or FIG. 16).
- the cooling capacity is set to the target value in the heating operation or heating main operation circuit switched in step 7 in step 7. It is determined whether it is not lower than the above or whether the heating capacity and the hot water supply capacity are excessive. If it is determined that the heating circuit can be operated, the operation is continued in step 8. On the other hand, when the cooling capacity is reduced, the four-way switching valve 2 is returned to the original cooling circuit in step 9 and hot water is supplied in the cooling operation or the cooling main operation.
- FIG. 19 is a refrigerant circuit diagram when bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- the heat source unit A of the air conditioner 100 includes a flow path switching valve 19 and a bypass pipe that allow refrigerant to bypass the outdoor heat exchanger 3 between the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the four-way switching valve 2. Is installed.
- FIG. 20 is a control flowchart for increasing the temperature of the refrigerant during the cooling operation and the cooling main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- step 1 to step 5 are the same as the above operation (1), and thus description thereof is omitted.
- step 6 of FIG. 20 in the operation of (1) above, the four-way switching valve 2 is switched to the heating circuit, but here the flow rate switching valve 19 is controlled to flow the refrigerant flow into the outdoor heat exchanger 3.
- the refrigerant flowing into the bypass pipe is increased.
- the amount of heat exchange in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 decreases, and the refrigerant temperature (indicated value of the refrigerant temperature detector 43) flowing into the hot water supply apparatus F also increases.
- step 7 of the operation (1) above it is determined whether the cooling capacity is not lower than the target value or whether the heating capacity or the hot water supply capacity is excessive.
- the flow path switching valve 19 is controlled to increase the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 3. If the hot water supply capacity is insufficient even when the flow path switching valve 19 is controlled so that the refrigerant is completely bypassed, the four-way switching valve 2 is switched to form a heating circuit in the same manner as in the operation (1).
- the hot water supply temperature required for the hot water supply device F is high. In some cases, hot water can be discharged according to the load.
- the relay switch B is provided with the flow path switching valve and the return pipe 36a so that the water heat exchanger 31 can be connected between the second connection pipe and the first branching section 10. Therefore, the hot water supply device F can be easily added to the relay machine B and hot water can be supplied in each operation mode.
- carbon dioxide refrigerant is used as the refrigerant, and the refrigerant state on the discharge side of the compressor 1 becomes a supercritical state. For this reason, the specific heat of the gas is larger than that of the chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant, and high temperature hot water discharge in hot water supply is possible without adding a load side refrigerant circuit.
- the total capacity of the air conditioning and hot water supply can be increased by using the heat that was originally exhausted outside the room for hot water supply, and the operation can be performed with a high COP.
- the hot water temperature is higher than the refrigerant temperature to be supplied or when hot water having a high hot water temperature is required on the hot water supply tank side
- the high-temperature / high-pressure discharged from the compressor 1 is switched by switching the four-way switching valve 2.
- the refrigerant is caused to flow into the refrigerant side of the water heat exchanger 31 to change the temperature of the refrigerant. For this reason, even when the hot water supply temperature required by the hot water supply apparatus F is high, high temperature hot water can be discharged according to the load.
- the water heat exchanger 31 of the hot water supply apparatus F has an indoor heat in the flow path where the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 reaches the indoor units (E to C) in the heating main operation and the heating operation. Connected to the upstream side of the exchangers (5a to 5e). For this reason, when hot water is supplied during the heating operation or the heating main operation, all the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is caused to flow to the water heat exchanger 31, and the refrigerant whose temperature has decreased is cascaded for heating. The total performance of heating and hot water supply can be improved.
- FIG. FIG. 21 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant circuit configuration of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 2. Differences from the air conditioning apparatus 100 of the first embodiment will be described.
- the hot water supply device F of the air conditioner 200 according to the second embodiment includes a return pipe 36a connected in series with the indoor units C to E in which the hot water heat exchanger 31 performs heating, and a flow rate control device 34. Thus, a return pipe 36b and a flow rate control device 35 connected in parallel with the indoor units C to E for heating are installed.
- the flow rate control device 34 and the flow rate control device 35 are configured by, for example, a two-way valve using a stepping motor, etc., and can change the opening degree of the pipe and adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant.
- the flow rate control device 34, the flow rate control device 35, the return pipe 36a, and the return pipe 36b constitute a third flow path switching device.
- the hot water supply device F is connected in series upstream of the indoor units C to E that perform heating.
- the hot water supply device F is parallel to the indoor units C to E that perform heating. It is also possible to connect to.
- the hot water supply device F When the hot water temperature required for the hot water supply device F is high and it is desired to raise the hot water temperature further than the current hot water temperature, the hot water supply device F is connected in series upstream of the indoor units C to E that perform heating. When the entire amount of refrigerant (high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant) before flowing into the machines C to E flows into the water heat exchanger 31, the performance is better than when the hot water supply devices F are connected in parallel. On the other hand, when the hot water temperature required for the hot water supply device F is low and there is no problem even if it is lower than the current hot water temperature, or when the temperature of the water flowing into the water heat exchanger 31 is low, the hot water supply device F is used as an indoor unit.
- the water heater F is connected in series when the refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the water heat exchanger 31 is sufficiently cooled or the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the heater is increased by connecting in parallel with C to E. Better performance.
- the hot water supply apparatus F is connected in parallel with the indoor units C to E that perform heating, and switching control in series and parallel will be described.
- the refrigerant In the cooling operation in which the operations of the indoor units C to E are cooling or stopped, the refrigerant is the same regardless of whether the refrigerant passes through the return pipe 36a or the return pipe 36b, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 22 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow during the heating operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 23 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow during a cooling main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 24 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow during heating-main operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 2.
- the cooling and heating operation modes of the indoor units C to E are set in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
- the flow path switching valve 33 has an intermediate opening, for example, so that the resistance to the refrigerant flowing to the hot water supply apparatus F and the first branching unit 10 becomes equal.
- the refrigerant cooled by the water heat exchanger 31 of the hot water supply device F is flow-controlled by the flow control device 35 and flows into the second branching section 11 through the return pipe 36b.
- FIG. 25 is a selection control flowchart of serial connection and parallel connection when hot water is supplied in each operation mode of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 2.
- the hot water supply device F and the indoor unit (C to E) for heating are connected in parallel in step 3.
- the flow control device 35 is controlled so that the flow control device 34 is closed.
- control of the flow control apparatus 35 is set to the opening degree according to the hot water supply capability required, for example from the hot water temperature.
- the hot water supply device F and the indoor unit (C to E) for heating are connected in series in step 4
- the flow control device 35 is closed so as to be connected, and the flow control device 34 is completely opened.
- the control based on FIG. 18 is performed as in the first embodiment.
- the circuit which bypasses the outdoor heat exchanger 3 may be added similarly to Embodiment 1, and you may perform control based on FIG.
- the water heat exchanger 31 is connected to the upstream side of the indoor heat exchangers (5a to 5e) into which the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows.
- the flow path and the water heat exchanger 31 switch between a refrigerant flow path connected in parallel with the indoor heat exchanger (5a to 5e) into which the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows. For this reason, it can switch in parallel and in series according to the feed water temperature of the hot water supply apparatus F and the required tapping temperature, and hot water can be supplied with good performance.
- the water heat exchanger 31 is connected to the indoor units C to E. Connected in parallel. For this reason, when the temperature of the hot water required for the hot water supply device F is low or when the temperature of the water flowing into the water heat exchanger 31 is low, the refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the water heat exchanger 31 is sufficiently cooled, and the hot water supply device Performance can be improved compared to connecting F in series.
- the flow switching valve 33 and the flow rate control device 34 are closed, and the flow rate control device 35 is opened, so that the water heat exchanger 31 and the second branching unit 11 are connected. Can be connected. Thereby, even if the refrigerant flowing into the relay unit B reaches 100 ° C. or higher, the temperature of the refrigerant staying in the water heat exchanger 31 is about the same as that of the second branch portion 11 through which the refrigerant after heating passes. Even if the pump 32 is stopped, the water staying in the water heat exchanger 31 does not boil, and the operation can be stopped safely.
- FIG. 26 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant circuit configuration of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 3. Differences from the air conditioning apparatus 200 of the second embodiment will be described.
- Intermediate heat exchangers 20a and 20b are installed in relay B in hot water supply apparatus F of air-conditioning apparatus 300 according to Embodiment 3.
- the refrigerant exchanges heat with brine driven by the pumps 21a and 21b to produce hot water and cold water.
- brine an antifreeze or water, a mixture of antifreeze and water, a mixture of water and an additive having a high anticorrosive effect, or the like flows through the thick line portion in the figure.
- Heat transfer from the intermediate heat exchangers 20a, 20b of the relay unit B to the indoor units C to E is performed by brine, and the brine is supplied from the relay unit B to the indoor units C to E through the second indoor unit side connection pipes 7c to 7e. Then, cooling and heating are performed, and the brine returns to the relay unit B through the first indoor unit side connection pipes 6c to 6e. It should be noted that since the brine densities of the second indoor unit side connection pipes 7c to 7e and the first indoor unit side connection pipes 6c to 6e are almost the same, the pipes may have the same thickness.
- the relay unit B is provided with electromagnetic valves 22c to 22h for selecting connection between the second indoor unit side connection pipes 7c to 7e of the indoor units C to E and the intermediate heat exchangers 20a and 20b.
- electromagnetic valves 22i to 22n for selecting connection between the first indoor unit side connection pipes 6c to 6e of the indoor units C to E and the intermediate heat exchangers 20a and 20b are installed.
- flow control devices 23c to 23e for adjusting the flow rate of the brine flowing into the indoor units C to E are installed.
- intermediate heat exchangers 20a and 20b there are two intermediate heat exchangers 20a and 20b is described as an example here, the present invention is not limited to this. Any number of intermediate heat exchangers may be installed as long as the second refrigerant can be cooled or / and heated. Furthermore, the number of pumps 21a and 21b is not limited to one, and a plurality of small-capacity pumps may be used in parallel or in series.
- the intermediate heat exchangers 20a and 20b act as evaporators because they produce cold water.
- the Ph diagram on the refrigeration cycle side at this time is the same as FIG. 3 when hot water is not supplied and is the same as FIG. 5 when hot water is supplied.
- the intermediate heat exchangers 20a and 20b act as radiators because they produce hot water.
- the Ph diagram on the refrigeration cycle side at this time is the same as FIG. 7 when hot water is not supplied and FIG. 9 when hot water is supplied.
- one of the intermediate heat exchangers 20a and 20b acts as an evaporator to produce cold water, and the other acts as a condenser to produce hot water.
- the connection of the four-way switching valve 2 is switched according to the ratio between the cooling load and the heating load, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is selected as an evaporator or a radiator, and the cooling main operation or the heating main operation is performed.
- the Ph diagram on the refrigeration cycle side at this time shows FIG. 11 when hot water is not supplied in the cooling main operation, FIG. 13 when hot water is supplied, FIG. 15 when hot water is not supplied during hot operation, and FIG. In this case, the result is the same as FIG.
- the operation on the refrigeration cycle side is almost the same as that in the first or second embodiment.
- the pumps 21a and 21b, the indoor heat exchangers 5c to 5e, and the intermediate heat exchangers 20a and 20b are connected to form a circulation circuit for circulating the second refrigerant.
- the exchangers 5c to 5e exchange heat between the second refrigerant and room air. For this reason, even if a refrigerant
- the first flow rate control devices 9c to 9e are placed near the indoor heat exchangers 5c to 5e. Will be installed.
- the temperature change of the brine is caused by pressure loss in the first indoor unit side connecting pipes 6c to 6e and the second indoor unit side connecting pipes 7c to 7e, which are brine pipes. It is possible to install the flow control devices 23c to 23e in the repeater B without the need.
- the control valves such as the flow rate control devices 23c to 23e are separated from the indoor air-conditioning target space. Noise to the indoor unit, such as driving of the control valve and flow sound of the refrigerant when passing through the valve, can be reduced.
- the control in the indoor units C to E is controlled by information on the status of the indoor remote control, the thermo-off, whether the outdoor unit is defrosting, etc. You only have to do it.
- the hot water supply device F can be easily added to the repeater B by performing the refrigerant control based on FIG. 18 and FIG. 20 described in the first embodiment. Hot water can be supplied in each operation mode.
- FIG. FIG. 27 to FIG. 29 are refrigerant circuit diagrams showing the refrigerant circuit configuration of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 4.
- FIG. 1 of Embodiment 1 FIG. 21 of Embodiment 2, and FIG. 27 is a refrigerant circuit in which the check valves 15 to 18 constituting the first flow path switching device of FIG. 26 are omitted.
- the refrigerant flow is the same as that in the refrigerant circuit described above.
- the refrigerant pressure, enthalpy, and refrigerant flow in the first connection pipe 6, the second connection pipe 7, and the first branching section 10 are reversed from the refrigerant circuit described above.
- the refrigerant pipe serving as the high-pressure pipe is switched between the cooling operation (all cooling operation and cooling main operation) and the heating operation (all heating operation and heating main operation). Therefore, as a connection circuit of the hot water supply device F, a conventional flow path switching valve 33a and a flow rate control device 34a provided on the relay B side of the second connection pipe 7 (described as 33 and 34 in the first to third embodiments). In addition, a flow path switching valve 33b and a flow rate control device 34b are provided on the relay B side of the first connection pipe 6, and the connection is switched so that high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows into the hot water supply device F according to the operation mode. .
- the hot water supply operation similar to the refrigerant circuit shown in the first to third embodiments is performed even in the refrigerant circuit in which the check valves 15 to 18 are omitted regardless of the operation mode. be able to.
- the case where the accumulator 4 is provided in the heat source apparatus A has been described as an example.
- the accumulator 4 may not be provided. Therefore, it goes without saying that the same operation is performed and the same effect can be obtained without providing the accumulator 4.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the indoor heat exchangers 5c to 5e are provided with a blower, and in many cases, condensation or evaporation is promoted by blowing air, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the indoor heat exchangers 5c to 5e those such as panel heaters using radiation can be used, and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is of a water-cooled type in which heat is transferred by water or antifreeze. Can also be used. That is, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the indoor heat exchangers 5c to 5e can be used regardless of the type as long as they have a structure capable of radiating heat or absorbing heat. Further, the number of indoor heat exchangers 5c to 5e is not particularly limited.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の冷媒回路構成を示す冷媒回路図である。図1に基づいて、空気調和装置100の回路構成について説明する。図1において、Aは熱源機、Bは中継機、C~Eは互いに並列接続された室内機、Fは給湯装置である。空気調和装置100の冷媒回路には、二酸化炭素等、吐出圧力が臨界圧力よりも高い状態で動作する冷媒が用いられている。なお、この実施の形態では、熱源機1台に対して中継機1台、室内機3台、給湯装置1台を接続した場合について説明するが、2台以上の熱源機、2台以上の中継機、2台以上の室内機、及び2台以上の給湯装置を接続した場合も同様である。
(i)給湯を行わない場合
図2は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の冷房運転時の冷媒の流れを示す冷媒回路図である。ここでは、室内機C、D、Eの全てが冷房しようとしている場合について説明する。冷房を行う場合、四方切替弁2を、圧縮機1から吐出された冷媒を室外熱交換器3へ流入させるように切り替える。また、室内機C、D、Eに接続された電磁弁8c、8d、8eは開口され、電磁弁8f、8g、8hは閉止される。なお、図2の太線で表された配管が冷媒の循環する配管を示す。また、図3は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の冷房運転時のP-h線図である。図3に示す(a)~(e)の冷媒状態は、それぞれ図2に示す箇所での冷媒状態である。
図4は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の冷房運転時に給湯を行った場合の冷媒の流れを示す冷媒回路図である。また、図5は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の冷房運転時に給湯を行った場合のP-h線図である。図5に示す(a)~(e)の冷媒状態は、それぞれ図4に示す箇所での冷媒状態である。給湯運転を行う場合には(≡)の給湯運転を行わなかった場合の点(c)から点(d)の変化が異なる。熱源機Aから流出して第2接続配管7を通った冷媒は流路切替弁33により給湯用の水熱交換器31に流入し、給湯タンク30から供給される水と熱交換して冷却される。このときのエンタルピの変化は図5の点(c)から点(d)に示すやや傾いた水平に近い直線で表される。
(i)給湯を行わない場合
図6は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の暖房運転時の冷媒の流れを示す冷媒回路図である。ここでは、室内機C、D、Eの全てが暖房をしようとしている場合について説明する。暖房運転を行う場合、四方切替弁2を、圧縮機1から吐出された冷媒を第1分岐部10へ流入させるように切り替える。また、室内機C、D、Eに接続された電磁弁8c、8d、8eは閉止され、電磁弁8f、8g、8hは開口される。なお、図6の太線で表された配管が冷媒の循環する配管を示す。また、図7は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の暖房運転時のP-h線図である。図7に示す(a)~(e)の冷媒状態は、それぞれ図6に示す箇所での冷媒状態である。
図8は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の暖房運転時に給湯を行った場合の冷媒の流れを示す冷媒回路図である。また、図9は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の暖房運転時に給湯を行った場合のP-h線図である。図9に示す(a)~(e)の冷媒状態は、それぞれ図9に示す箇所での冷媒状態である。給湯運転を行う場合には(≡)の給湯運転を行わなかった場合の点(b)から点(c)の変化が異なる。熱源機Aから流出して第2接続配管7を通った冷媒は流路切替弁33により給湯用の水熱交換器31に流入し、給湯タンク30から供給される水と熱交換して冷却される。このときのエンタルピの変化は図9の点(b)から点(c)に示すやや傾いた水平に近い直線で表される。
(i)給湯を行わない場合
図10は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の冷房主体運転時の冷媒の流れを示す冷媒回路図である。ここでは、室内機C、Dが冷房運転を、室内機Eが暖房運転をしている場合について説明する。この場合、四方切替弁2を、圧縮機1から吐出された冷媒を室外熱交換器3へ流入させるように切り替える。また、室内機C、Dに接続された電磁弁8c、8dは開口され、電磁弁8f、8gは閉止される。また、室内機Eに接続された電磁弁8eは閉止され、電磁弁8hは開口される。なお、図10の太線で表された配管が冷媒の循環する配管を示す。図11は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の冷房主体運転時のP-h線図である。図11に示す(a)~(f)の冷媒状態は、それぞれ図11に示す箇所での冷媒状態である。
図12は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の冷房主体運転時に給湯を行った場合の冷媒の流れを示す冷媒回路図である。また、図13は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の冷房主体運転時に給湯を行った場合のP-h線図である。図13に示す(a)~(f)の冷媒状態は、それぞれ図12に示す箇所での冷媒状態である。給湯運転を行う場合には(≡)の給湯運転を行わなかった場合の点(c)から点(d)の変化が異なる。熱源機Aから流出して第2接続配管7を通った冷媒は流路切替弁33により給湯用の水熱交換器31に流入し、給湯タンク30から供給される水と熱交換して冷却される。このときのエンタルピの変化は図13の点(c)から点(d)に示すやや傾いた水平に近い直線で表される。
(i)給湯を行わない場合
図14は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の暖房主体運転時の冷媒の流れを示す冷媒回路図である。ここでは、室内機Cが冷房運転を、室内機D、Eが暖房運転をしている場合について説明する。この場合、四方切替弁2を、圧縮機1から吐出された冷媒を第1分岐部10へ流入させるように切り替える。また、室内機Cに接続された電磁弁8fは閉止され、電磁弁8cは開口される。また、室内機D、Eに接続された電磁弁8g、8hは開口され、電磁弁8d、8eは閉止される。なお、図14の太線で表された配管が冷媒の循環する配管を示す。図15は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の暖房主体運転時のP-h線図である。図15に示す(a)~(h)の冷媒状態は、それぞれ図14に示す箇所での冷媒状態である。
図16は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の暖房主体運転時に給湯を行った場合の冷媒の流れを示す冷媒回路図である。また、図17は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の暖房主体運転時に給湯を行った場合のP-h線図である。図16に示す(a)~(h)の冷媒状態は、それぞれ図17に示す箇所での冷媒状態である。給湯運転を行う場合には(≡)の給湯運転を行わなかった場合の点(b)から点(c)の変化が異なる。熱源機Aから流出して第2接続配管7を通った冷媒は流路切替弁33により給湯用の水熱交換器31に流入し、給湯タンク30から供給される水と熱交換して冷却される。このときのエンタルピの変化は図17の点(b)から点(c)に示すやや傾いた水平に近い直線で表される。
ここで、本実施の形態の空気調和装置100に用いる二酸化炭素冷媒は、フロン冷媒と比較して、超臨界状態の冷媒の密度が大きく、比熱が大きい特性がある。また、フロン冷媒と比較して、ガスの比熱も大きく、負荷側の冷媒回路を増設することなく給湯における高温出湯が可能である。この特性を利用することによって、暖房運転、暖房主体運転時に給湯を行うと、圧縮機1から吐出された高温高圧のすべての冷媒を水熱交換器31に流し、温度が低下した冷媒を、暖房に利用してカスケード利用することができ、暖房、給湯の合計の性能が向上する。
図18は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の冷房運転、冷房主体運転時に冷媒の温度を上昇させる制御フローチャートである。まず、ステップ1で冷房運転、冷房主体運転の制御を開始する。ステップ2で中継機Bに接続された給湯装置Fが運転しているかを確認する。給湯をしていない場合には、ステップ3で通常の冷房運転や冷房主体運転を続ける(図2または図10の回路)。一方、給湯をしている場合には、ステップ4で給湯タンク30内の水温(タンク内温度検出器40の指示値)や給湯装置Fの出湯温度(水温度検出器42の指示値)から冷房運転または冷房主体運転での給湯が可能かを判定する。なお、水熱交換器31に流入する冷媒温度(冷媒温度検出器43の指示値)と水温度(水温度検出器41の指示値)との比較により目標の出湯が可能かを判定しても良い。給湯タンク30内の水温が所定値、例えばタンク水温の目標値に達している場合や、出湯温度が所定値、例えば出湯温度の目標値に達している場合には給湯が可能と判定して、ステップ5で、引き続き冷房運転や冷房主体運転モードによる給湯を行う(図4または図12の回路)。
図19は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の室外熱交換器をバイパスさせる場合の冷媒回路図である。図19に示すように、空気調和装置100の熱源機Aには、室外熱交換器3と四方切替弁2との間に冷媒が室外熱交換器3をバイパスできる流路切替弁19とバイパス配管が設置される。図20は、実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の冷房運転、冷房主体運転時に冷媒の温度を上昇させる制御フローチャートである。図20において、ステップ1~ステップ5は、上記(1)の動作と同じであるため、説明を省略する。図20のステップ6において、上記(1)の動作では四方切替弁2を切り替えて暖房回路に切り替えたが、ここでは流路切替弁19を制御して、室外熱交換器3に流入する冷媒流量を減少させて、バイパス配管に流入する冷媒を増大させる。この制御により室外熱交換器3における熱交換量が減少して給湯装置Fに流入する冷媒温度(冷媒温度検出器43の指示値)も上昇する。
図21は、実施の形態2に係る空気調和装置の冷媒回路構成を示す冷媒回路図である。上記実施の形態1の空気調和装置100との相違点について説明する。本実施の形態2における空気調和装置200の給湯装置Fには、給湯用の水熱交換器31が暖房を行う室内機C~Eと直列に接続される戻り配管36a、流量制御装置34に加えて、暖房を行う室内機C~Eと並列に接続される戻り配管36b、流量制御装置35が設置される。流量制御装置34及び流量制御装置35は、例えばステッピングモーターを用いた二方弁等で構成されており、配管の開度を変更可能にし、冷媒の流量を調整するものである。これら流量制御装置34、流量制御装置35、戻り配管36a、戻り配管36bで第3流路切替装置を構成する。
図26は、実施の形態3に係る空気調和装置の冷媒回路構成を示す冷媒回路図である。上記実施の形態2の空気調和装置200との相違点について説明する。本実施の形態3における空気調和装置300の給湯装置Fには、中継機Bに中間熱交換器20a、20bが設置される。各中間熱交換器20a、20bにおいて、冷媒はポンプ21a、21bにより駆動されるブラインと熱交換し、温水や冷水を作る。なお、ブラインとしては、不凍液や水、不凍液と水の混合液、水と防食効果が高い添加剤の混合液等を用い、図中の太線部を流れる。
図27から図29は、実施の形態4に係る空気調和装置の冷媒回路構成を示す冷媒回路図であり、それぞれ実施の形態1の図1、実施の形態2の図21、実施の形態3の図26の第1流路切替装置を構成する逆止弁15~18を省略した冷媒回路である。これらの冷媒回路では冷房運転、および冷房主体運転では先述した冷媒回路と同等の冷媒の流れとなる。一方、暖房運転、および暖房主体運転では前記第1接続配管6と前記第2接続配管7、および第1分岐部10の冷媒の圧力、エンタルピ、冷媒の流れが先述した冷媒回路と逆転する。
Claims (11)
- 冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機、熱源機側熱交換器、及び前記冷媒の流路を切り替える第1流路切替装置を有する熱源機と、
前記冷媒と室内の空気とを熱交換する室内機側熱交換器、及び前記冷媒の流量を制御する第1流量制御装置を有する複数の室内機と、
前記熱源機と2本の熱源機側冷媒配管で接続され、該熱源機側冷媒配管を前記複数の室内機ごとに分岐し、前記各室内機とそれぞれ2本の室内機側冷媒配管により接続される分岐装置と、前記各室内機へ流れる冷媒の流路をそれぞれ切り替える第2流路切替装置とを有する中継機とを備え、
前記複数の室内機側熱交換器の全てに前記圧縮機から吐出された高温・高圧の冷媒を流して室内の空気を加熱する暖房運転モードと、
前記複数の室内機側熱交換器の全てに低温・低圧の冷媒を流して室内の空気を冷却する冷房運転モードと、
前記複数の室内機側熱交換器の一部に前記圧縮機から吐出された高温・高圧の冷媒を流して室内の空気を加熱し、前記複数の室内機側熱交換器の他の一部に低温・低圧の冷媒を流して室内の空気を冷却する冷房暖房混在運転モードとを実行可能な空気調和装置であって、
前記中継機は、前記分岐装置と前記熱源機側冷媒配管との間に、前記冷媒と水とを熱交換する水熱交換器を接続可能にする接続回路を備えた
ことを特徴とする空気調和装置。 - 前記冷媒と水とを熱交換する水熱交換器を有する給湯装置を備え、
前記接続回路に前記水熱交換器を接続した
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記冷媒として、前記圧縮機の吐出側での冷媒状態が超臨界状態となる冷媒を用いた
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記給湯装置は、前記水熱交換器に流入する水温又は流出する水温を検知する水温度検出装置を備え、
前記冷房暖房混在運転モードは、前記第1流路切替装置により熱源機側熱交換器が前記圧縮機の吐出側に接続され凝縮器として作用する冷房主体運転モードが実行可能であり、
前記冷房主体運転モード及び前記冷房運転モードにおいて、前記給湯装置に給湯負荷が存在し、前記水熱交換器に流入する水温が所定値よりも高い場合、又は前記水熱交換器から流出する水温が所定値よりも低い場合には、
前記第1流路切替装置により前記冷媒の流路を切り替えて、前記水熱交換器の冷媒側に流入する冷媒温度を変化させる
ことを特徴とする請求項2又は3記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記冷房運転モード及び前記冷房主体運転モードにおいて、前記給湯装置に給湯負荷が存在し、前記水熱交換器に流入する水温が所定値よりも高い場合、又は前記水熱交換器から流出する水温が所定値よりも低い場合には、
前記第1流路切替装置により前記冷媒の流路を切り替えて、前記圧縮機から吐出された高温・高圧の冷媒を前記水熱交換器の冷媒側に流入させて前記冷媒温度を上昇させる
ことを特徴とする請求項4記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記熱源機は、少なくとも前記第1流路切替装置の動作を制御する熱源機側制御装置を有し、
前記給湯装置は、前記水温度検出装置の水温データを少なくとも含む運転状況に関するデータを、前記熱源機側制御装置に送信する給湯装置側制御装置を有し、
前記熱源機側制御装置は、前記給湯装置側制御装置から取得した前記運転状況に関するデータに応じて、前記第1流路切替装置により冷媒の流路を切り替える
ことを特徴とする請求項4又は5記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記冷房暖房混在運転モードは、前記第1流路切替装置により熱源機側熱交換器が前記圧縮機の吸入側に接続され蒸発器として作用する暖房主体運転モードが実行可能であり、
前記給湯装置の前記水熱交換器は、前記冷房運転モード、前記暖房運転モード、前記冷房主体運転モード、前記暖房主体運転モードの各種運転モードにおいて、前記圧縮機から吐出された高温・高圧の冷媒が前記室内機側熱交換器へ至る流路のうち、前記室内機側熱交換器の上流側に接続される
ことを特徴とする請求項2~6の何れかに記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記給湯装置は、前記冷房運転モード、前記暖房運転モード、前記冷房主体運転モード、前記暖房主体運転モードの各種運転モードにおいて、
前記水熱交換器が、前記圧縮機から吐出された高温・高圧の冷媒が流入する前記室内機側熱交換器の上流側に接続される冷媒流路と、
前記水熱交換器が、前記圧縮機から吐出された高温・高圧の冷媒が流入する前記室内機側熱交換器と並列に接続される冷媒流路とを切り替える第3流路切替装置を
備えた
ことを特徴とする請求項2~7の何れかに記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記給湯装置は、前記水熱交換器に流入する水温又は流出する水温を検知する水温度検出装置を備え、
前記水熱交換器に流入する水温が所定値よりも低い場合、又は前記水熱交換器から流出する水温が所定値よりも高い場合には、前記第3流路切替装置により前記冷媒の流路を切り替えて、前記水熱交換器と前記室内機側熱交換器とを並列に接続する
ことを特徴とする請求項8記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記中継機は、前記冷媒と第2冷媒の熱交換をする中間熱交換器、及びポンプを備え、
前記第1流量制御装置は、前記室内機に代えて前記中継機に配置され、
前記圧縮機、前記熱源機側熱交換器、前記第1流量制御装置、及び前記中間熱交換器が接続されて前記冷媒を循環させる循環回路と、
前記ポンプ、前記室内機側熱交換器、及び前記中間熱交換器が接続されて前記第2冷媒を循環させる循環回路とが形成され、
前記室内機側熱交換器は、前記第2冷媒と室内の空気とを熱交換する
ことを特徴とする請求項1~9の何れかに記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記中継機は、前記中間熱交換器を複数備え、
前記第2流路切替装置は、前記分岐装置から前記各中間熱交換器へ流れる冷媒の流路をそれぞれ切り替え、
前記暖房運転モードにおいて、前記複数の中間熱交換器の全てに前記圧縮機から吐出された高温・高圧の冷媒を流して前記第2冷媒を加熱し、
前記冷房運転モードにおいて、前記複数の中間熱交換器の全てに低温・低圧の冷媒を流して前記第2冷媒を冷却し、
前記冷房暖房混在運転モードにおいて、前記複数の中間熱交換器の一部に前記圧縮機から吐出された高温・高圧の冷媒を流して前記第2冷媒を加熱し、前記複数の中間熱交換器の他の一部に低温・低圧の冷媒を流して前記第2冷媒を冷却する
ことを特徴とする請求項10記載の空気調和装置。
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PCT/JP2009/068256 WO2011048695A1 (ja) | 2009-10-23 | 2009-10-23 | 空気調和装置 |
EP09850593.6A EP2492614B1 (en) | 2009-10-23 | 2009-10-23 | Air conditioning device |
CN200980162074.2A CN102575883B (zh) | 2009-10-23 | 2009-10-23 | 空调装置 |
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US20120204588A1 (en) | 2012-08-16 |
CN102575883A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
US9476618B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 |
JPWO2011048695A1 (ja) | 2013-03-07 |
EP2492614B1 (en) | 2022-11-09 |
EP2492614A1 (en) | 2012-08-29 |
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JP5383816B2 (ja) | 2014-01-08 |
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