WO2011034268A1 - 스마트 선박 - Google Patents
스마트 선박 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011034268A1 WO2011034268A1 PCT/KR2010/001962 KR2010001962W WO2011034268A1 WO 2011034268 A1 WO2011034268 A1 WO 2011034268A1 KR 2010001962 W KR2010001962 W KR 2010001962W WO 2011034268 A1 WO2011034268 A1 WO 2011034268A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- side wind
- wind
- ship
- stern
- inlet
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H13/00—Marine propulsion by wind motors driving water-engaging propulsive elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B15/00—Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J3/00—Driving of auxiliaries
- B63J3/04—Driving of auxiliaries from power plant other than propulsion power plant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
- F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/30—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/32—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on moving objects, e.g. vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B2209/00—Energy supply or activating means
- B63B2209/20—Energy supply or activating means wind energy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J3/00—Driving of auxiliaries
- B63J3/04—Driving of auxiliaries from power plant other than propulsion power plant
- B63J2003/046—Driving of auxiliaries from power plant other than propulsion power plant using wind or water driven turbines or impellers for power generation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
- F05B2240/931—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface which is a vehicle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
- Y02T70/5218—Less carbon-intensive fuels, e.g. natural gas, biofuels
- Y02T70/5236—Renewable or hybrid-electric solutions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to smart ships, and more particularly to large and extra large ships such as oil tankers or gas carriers, container ships, bulk carriers and aircraft carriers. It aims to minimize the air resistance caused by the wind and to increase the efficiency of the ship by producing electric power by wind and using it as propulsion or internal power.
- the conventional vessel is formed in a streamlined form with only the bow and the stern, and thus is affected by the wind direction, in particular, a tanker having a width of 40 to 80 m or more, a length of 300 to 460 m or more, and more than 10 to 300,000 tons.
- gas carriers, container ships, bulk carriers and aircraft carriers are more affected by the wind direction, causing a lot of energy loss and navigation speed in the navigation process.
- the present invention has a problem that the conventional vessel does not have a special countermeasure structure against the wind as described above causing energy loss.
- the present invention is provided with a side wind power generation device capable of minimizing and generating the navigation resistance due to the side wind of the ship.
- the present invention is carried out by providing a wind turbine generator on the ship, absorbing the wind resistance and generating power by using the wind to improve the propulsion force and use as an internal power source to improve the efficiency of the vessel will be.
- FIG. 1 is an exemplary view showing an embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG 2 is an exemplary view showing a power generation air passage according to the present invention.
- Figure 3 is an exemplary view showing another embodiment of the power generation air passage according to the present invention.
- Figure 4 is an exemplary view showing another embodiment of the power generation air passage according to the present invention.
- FIG 5 is an exemplary view showing that the side wind guide vane according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a main control configuration of the side wind guide vane according to the present invention.
- the present invention is to minimize the wind resistance of the vessel and to enable the production of electricity using the wind.
- the ship and the stern are formed in a streamline
- the ship is provided with a side wind power generation device to generate power by using the wind.
- the wind turbine generator forms a side wind inlet 11 for introducing side winds to at least one side portion of the ship, and exhausts the side winds introduced through the side wind inlet 11 to the other side of the ship. It is configured to include a power generation air flow path 10 composed of a side wind outlet portion 12 to be made, and a side wind generator 30 that is rotated and generated by the side winds introduced on the power generation air flow path 10.
- the side wind inlet 11 is preferably formed by expanding the reduction tube to increase the air pressure by introducing a large amount of air.
- the side wind guiding blade 21 is provided to guide the side wind inclined laterally with respect to the vessel to the side wind inlet 11, and the side wind guiding blade 21 ) Is provided with a movable actuator 22 for rotating in accordance with the inflow angle of the side wind, and has a side wind angle detection port 23 for detecting the inflow angle of the side wind, the side sensed through the side wind angle detection port 23
- the side wind control tool 24 which moves the said movable actuator 22 by a wind angle is comprised.
- the side wind inlet portion 11 is formed to be inclined from the stern to the stern to be collected at the center, and the side of the stern at the center portion where the side air inlet portion 11 is collected from the stern to the side. It is preferable to form and implement the air outlet 12.
- the side wind inlet 11 is formed inclined from the stern to the stern, and the side wind outlet 12 leading from the bow to the stern to collect and discharge the air introduced into the side wind inlet 11 formed on both sides 12 ) Can be formed respectively.
- the side wind inlet 11 and the side wind outlet 12 are formed zigzag toward the stern from the bow.
- a side wind power generation device is provided so that the ship can generate power using the wind direction, and the side wind power generation device inflows the side winds to one side of the ship.
- a power generation air passage 10 including a side wind inlet 11, and a side wind outlet 12 configured to exhaust side winds introduced through the side wind inlet 11 on the other side of the ship;
- the invention comprising the wind generator 30 rotated by the wind flow introduced on the power generation air flow passage 10 is applied to the ship, the wind force applied to the ship is applied to the ship power air flow passage ( 10) is absorbed by the wind resistance is slowed down to receive the sailing resistance, the wind flows into the power generation air to drive the wind generator 30 to produce electricity to supply the propulsion power or internal power sailing To One is that energy consumption is minimized.
- the present invention is carried out by providing a wind turbine generator on the ship, absorbing the wind resistance and generating power by using the wind to improve the propulsion force and use as an internal power source to improve the efficiency of the vessel will be.
- the exposed side area is very wide and air, such as oil tankers or gas carriers, container ships, bulk carriers and aircraft carriers, which are more than 40 ⁇ 80m wide and 300 ⁇ 460m long and more than 10 ⁇ 300,000 ton
- air such as oil tankers or gas carriers, container ships, bulk carriers and aircraft carriers
- the reduction of air resistance prevents voyage fuel loss and generates power through a large amount of wind direction to maximize propulsion of lubrication by using propulsion or internal power.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (4)
- 선수와 선미가 유선형으로 형성된 선박에 있어서, 선박에 측 풍을 이용하여 발전할 수 있도록 측 풍 발전장치를 구비하되,상기 측 풍 발전장치는 선박의 측부 한쪽 이상에 측 풍을 유입하는 측 풍 유입부(11)를 형성하고, 선박의 다른 한쪽에 상기 측 풍 유입부(11)를 통하여 유입된 측 풍을 배기시키는 측 풍 유출부(12)로 구성된 발전공기유로(10)와, 상기 발전공기유로(10) 상에 유입된 측 풍에 의하여 회전되어 발전되는 측 풍 발전기(30)를 구비하여 구성한 것을 특징으로 하는 스마트 선박.
- 제 1 항에 있어서;상기 측 풍 유입부(11)는 많은 양의 공기를 유입하여 공기압을 높일 수 있게 확대 축소 관으로 형성하고,선박에 대하여 측 방향으로 경사지게 유입되는 측 풍을 측 풍 유입부(11)로 유도할 수 있게 측 풍유도날개(21)를 구비하고, 상기 측 풍유도날개(21)를 측 풍의 유입각도에 따라 회전시키는 가동액츄에이터(22)를 구비하며, 상기 측 풍의 유입 각을 감지하는 측 풍각 감지구(23)를 구비하고, 측 풍각 감지구(23)를 통하여 감지된 측 풍각에 의하여 상기 가동액츄에이터(22)를 가동시키는 측 풍제어구(24)를 구비하여 구성한 것을 특징으로 하는 스마트 선박.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서;측 풍 유입부(11)에서 측 풍 유출부(12)는 선미에서 선후로 경사지게 형성하되,상기 측 풍 유입부(11)가 모아진 중앙부분에 선미에 선후로 이어지는 측 풍 유출부(12)를 형성한 것과,양측에 형성된 측 풍 유입부(11)로 유입된 공기를 모아 배출할 수 있게 선수에서 선미로 이어지는 측 풍 유출부(12)를 각기 형성한 것 중 어느 하나를 선택 형성한 것을 특징으로 하는 스마트 선박.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서;측 풍 유입부(11)와 측 풍 유출부(12)가 선수에서 선미를 향하여 지그재그로 형성한 것을 특징으로 하는 스마트 선박.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2012512943A JP5624128B2 (ja) | 2009-09-16 | 2010-03-31 | 横風発電装置を具備している船舶 |
EP10817337.8A EP2479102A4 (en) | 2009-09-16 | 2010-03-31 | INTELLIGENT SHIP |
US12/812,623 US8558404B2 (en) | 2009-09-16 | 2010-03-31 | Smart ship |
CN201080000991.3A CN102159449B (zh) | 2009-09-16 | 2010-03-31 | 智能船舶 |
BR112012005809A BR112012005809A2 (pt) | 2009-09-16 | 2010-03-31 | navio inteligente |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR20-2009-0012142 | 2009-09-16 | ||
KR2020090012142U KR200447346Y1 (ko) | 2009-09-16 | 2009-09-16 | 측 풍 발전장치를 구비한 스마트 선박 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011034268A1 true WO2011034268A1 (ko) | 2011-03-24 |
Family
ID=43758843
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/KR2010/001962 WO2011034268A1 (ko) | 2009-09-16 | 2010-03-31 | 스마트 선박 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8558404B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP2479102A4 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP5624128B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR200447346Y1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN102159449B (ko) |
BR (1) | BR112012005809A2 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2011034268A1 (ko) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10502184B2 (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2019-12-10 | Robert Reginald Bray | Power generating device |
CN107264722B (zh) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-03-12 | 滨州职业学院 | 一种智能船舶 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020192069A1 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2002-12-19 | Edwin Newman | Wind machines |
KR20050012110A (ko) * | 2003-09-15 | 2005-01-31 | 정경균 | 풍력, 수력 및 태양열을 이용한 전기발생장치가 구비된 선박 |
KR100776319B1 (ko) * | 2006-08-24 | 2007-11-13 | 문성준 | 수직축 방식의 풍력발전장치 |
US20080315592A1 (en) * | 2007-06-25 | 2008-12-25 | Anthony Branco | Parabolic bi-directional wind turbine assembly and omni-directional power array |
Family Cites Families (17)
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US4256971A (en) * | 1979-11-16 | 1981-03-17 | Rodney Griffith | Wave and wind motion energy transducer |
JPS5970887A (ja) * | 1982-10-15 | 1984-04-21 | Takahiko Masuda | 浅海の敷設に好適な波力発電ブイ |
JPS6036785A (ja) | 1983-08-08 | 1985-02-25 | Marukei:Goushi | 1米の風速から発電出来る風車。 |
JPS631000U (ko) * | 1986-06-23 | 1988-01-06 | ||
JPH0516582U (ja) * | 1991-08-22 | 1993-03-02 | ニチモウ株式会社 | 海苔作業船 |
US5724906A (en) * | 1997-01-22 | 1998-03-10 | Lee; Kwang-Chang | Wind resistance reducing structure of a ship |
JP4410518B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-09 | 2010-02-03 | 日本郵船株式会社 | 自動車専用船 |
EP1834086B1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2016-07-27 | Katru Eco-Inventions Pty Ltd | Omni-directional wind turbine |
JP2007326535A (ja) * | 2006-06-09 | 2007-12-20 | National Maritime Research Institute | 風力発電装置付き船舶 |
CN2936924Y (zh) * | 2006-08-19 | 2007-08-22 | 单建锡 | 风电混合动力船 |
CN200967557Y (zh) * | 2006-11-03 | 2007-10-31 | 傅德俐 | 逆风转换式船舶推进机构 |
CN101117946A (zh) * | 2007-06-15 | 2008-02-06 | 戚永维 | 风洞式发电机 |
JP2009161032A (ja) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-23 | Shinyo Industries Co Ltd | 船舶搭載の自然エネルギー及び既存動力利用の混合発電システム。 |
GB0810767D0 (en) * | 2008-06-12 | 2008-07-23 | Zoda Sami | Using sail and wind power to generate electricity,and as a power source |
US8338974B2 (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2012-12-25 | AGlobal Tech, LLC | Wind turbine |
KR20090033195A (ko) * | 2009-02-09 | 2009-04-01 | 박정훈 | 풍력발전기가 장착된 선박 |
US20110037261A1 (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2011-02-17 | KTCR Holding, Inc. | System And Method For Producing Electrical Power |
-
2009
- 2009-09-16 KR KR2020090012142U patent/KR200447346Y1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2010
- 2010-03-31 JP JP2012512943A patent/JP5624128B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-03-31 US US12/812,623 patent/US8558404B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-03-31 WO PCT/KR2010/001962 patent/WO2011034268A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2010-03-31 CN CN201080000991.3A patent/CN102159449B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-03-31 BR BR112012005809A patent/BR112012005809A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-03-31 EP EP10817337.8A patent/EP2479102A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020192069A1 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2002-12-19 | Edwin Newman | Wind machines |
KR20050012110A (ko) * | 2003-09-15 | 2005-01-31 | 정경균 | 풍력, 수력 및 태양열을 이용한 전기발생장치가 구비된 선박 |
KR100776319B1 (ko) * | 2006-08-24 | 2007-11-13 | 문성준 | 수직축 방식의 풍력발전장치 |
US20080315592A1 (en) * | 2007-06-25 | 2008-12-25 | Anthony Branco | Parabolic bi-directional wind turbine assembly and omni-directional power array |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102159449A (zh) | 2011-08-17 |
JP2012527377A (ja) | 2012-11-08 |
EP2479102A4 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
US20110163549A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
KR200447346Y1 (ko) | 2010-01-18 |
EP2479102A1 (en) | 2012-07-25 |
JP5624128B2 (ja) | 2014-11-12 |
BR112012005809A2 (pt) | 2019-09-24 |
US8558404B2 (en) | 2013-10-15 |
CN102159449B (zh) | 2014-02-05 |
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