WO2011033559A1 - Centrale de cogénération et centrale à cycle combiné de conversion de biomasse - Google Patents

Centrale de cogénération et centrale à cycle combiné de conversion de biomasse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011033559A1
WO2011033559A1 PCT/JP2009/004640 JP2009004640W WO2011033559A1 WO 2011033559 A1 WO2011033559 A1 WO 2011033559A1 JP 2009004640 W JP2009004640 W JP 2009004640W WO 2011033559 A1 WO2011033559 A1 WO 2011033559A1
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Prior art keywords
steam
pipe
water
condenser
hot water
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PCT/JP2009/004640
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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高橋文夫
難波孝次
幡宮重雄
柴田貴範
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株式会社日立製作所
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Priority to JP2011531637A priority Critical patent/JP5331890B2/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2009/004640 priority patent/WO2011033559A1/fr
Publication of WO2011033559A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011033559A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F01K7/22—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/44—Use of steam for feed-water heating and another purpose
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/023—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers with heating tubes, for nuclear reactors as far as they are not classified, according to a specified heating fluid, in another group
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cogeneration power plant and a cogeneration biomass reforming combined plant, and more particularly, to a cogeneration power plant and a biomass reforming combined power plant suitable for using a thermal power plant and a nuclear power plant.
  • the Rankine cycle is a cycle in which condensable vapor is used as a working medium, and consists of the following four processes.
  • (2) The hot water is further heated to generate steam.
  • (3) The steam is sent to the turbine and expanded to obtain power.
  • these four processes are assigned to each device as follows.
  • (1) and (2) are responsible for boilers and steam generators such as nuclear reactors for boiling water nuclear power plants, (3) for steam turbines, and (4) for condensers.
  • the working medium is circulated constantly.
  • a regeneration process is usually used as a method for improving the efficiency of the Rankine cycle.
  • heating of the feed water in the process (1) is performed using steam extracted from the turbine, and heat is recovered by extraction from the turbine.
  • the turbine output decreases with the bleed air, the recovered heat is effectively used for heating the feed water, so that the thermal efficiency is improved.
  • the reheating process which reheats a steam in the middle of expansion
  • the maximum thermal efficiency can be theoretically obtained by making the steam extraction points of the turbine from a continuous number of steam extraction points.
  • the steam extraction point must be finite, and there remains room for improving the thermal efficiency in the regeneration process.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-2413 describes an example of a steam heat pump system in FIG.
  • This steam heat pump includes an evaporator, a plurality of compressors, and a plurality of cooling towers.
  • the plurality of compressors are connected in series with each other by connecting a steam inlet of a compressor located downstream to a steam outlet of the compressor located upstream.
  • Each cooling tower is disposed between the compressors.
  • the steam generated in the evaporator is compressed by the most upstream compressor, the temperature rises, and is cooled by the cooling tower.
  • the steam cooled in the cooling tower is compressed by another compressor located downstream, the temperature rises, and is supplied to the other cooling tower to be cooled.
  • the compression of the steam by the compressor and the cooling of the compressed steam by the cooling tower are repeated.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-65808 describes a co-heated steam turbine plant.
  • This co-heat steam turbine plant supplies steam generated in a boiler to a turbine, rotates a generator to generate electric power, and uses steam exhausted from the turbine as a high-pressure process steam supply destination and a low-pressure process steam supply destination. Supply each.
  • the steam supplied to the high pressure process steam supply destination compresses the steam exhausted from the turbine with a compressor.
  • subcritical water has the highest ionic product per unit volume and is said to be suitable for reforming biomass and waste.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-296192 describes a circulation type continuous subcritical water reaction treatment apparatus.
  • slurry liquid containing liquid, solid and gel raw materials in a raw material tank is supplied from a supply tank having a stirrer to a heater part of a subcritical water reactor. Supply.
  • This slurry liquid is heated by the heating medium supplied from the boiler by the heater member to be in a subcritical water state.
  • This slurry liquid is led to the gas-liquid separator part of the subcritical water reactor.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 7,476,296 describes an apparatus for converting organic and waste materials into useful products.
  • This equipment can be used to remove various wastes such as organs, livestock manure, municipal sewage sludge, tires and plastics, gas, oil, specialty chemicals and carbon with acceptable cost and high energy efficiency without generating odors.
  • the apparatus includes a heater that produces a mixture of liquid and vaporized oil from an organic liquid, a reactor that converts the mixture to a carbon solid and a hydrocarbon / gas mixture, a first cooler that receives the carbon solid, and a hydrocarbon / gas.
  • a second cooler is provided for receiving the mixture.
  • JP 59-12605A proposes a cogeneration system using a nuclear reactor.
  • high-temperature cooling water generated in a nuclear reactor is guided to a steam generator to generate steam, and this steam is guided to a high-pressure turbine and a low-pressure turbine to generate power.
  • the steam exhausted from the low-pressure turbine is condensed into water by the condenser.
  • This water is supplied to the steam generator through a water supply pipe, but is heated by a five-stage water heater in the middle.
  • steam extracted from the high-pressure turbine or the low-pressure turbine is supplied to each feed water heater as a heating source.
  • a closed loop connecting the two-stage low-pressure feed water heater and other heat exchangers to which the extraction steam from the low-pressure turbine is supplied is formed, and other heat supplied to the heat exchanger by a heat medium circulating in the closed loop. The medium is heated.
  • the temperature range of subcritical water is 120 ° C to 370 ° C (5 pages, Fig. 4).
  • the ion product per volume becomes maximum at around 250 ° C. (page 4, FIG. 3), and is described as being suitable for the reforming reaction.
  • JP 2008-2413 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-65808 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-130001 JP 2008-296192 A US Pat. No. 7,476,296 JP 59-126055
  • the theoretical maximum thermal efficiency may be obtained in the compression liquefaction process.
  • it is a gas in the steam engine that realizes the Carnot cycle described in Thermodynamics III, pages 234 to 236 and Fig. 6.3 (Take Ono, Iwanami Shoten, published on January 7, 1971).
  • the density ratio of the gas and the liquid is large, the uniformity of the density is not maintained, and the compression efficiency is lowered.
  • a cylinder type compressor is used in the steam engine. This compresses only one of the reciprocating motions of the piston in the cylinder, so that a steady operation is impossible due to pulsation. In addition, it is difficult to increase the capacity of the cylinder type, and it is difficult to apply to a commercial power plant in terms of capacity.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-2413 and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 1-112301 do not refer to a cogeneration plant.
  • the co-heated steam turbine plant described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-65808 supplies steam exhausted from the turbine to a high-pressure process steam supply destination and a low-pressure process steam supply destination, respectively.
  • Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-65808 does not mention supply of hot water.
  • hot water generated during regeneration in a cogeneration plant and hot water generated during compression liquefaction i.e. subcritical water
  • hot water generated during compression liquefaction i.e. subcritical water
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-296192 and US Pat. No. 7,476,296 describe a reforming process using subcritical water produced by a boiler, but do not mention a cogeneration plant.
  • heat circulating in a closed loop formed by connecting a two-stage low-pressure feed water heater and other heat exchangers is used.
  • the other heat medium supplied to the heat exchanger is heated by the medium.
  • the heating efficiency of the other heat medium is poor, and the temperature of the other heat medium cannot be increased.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a cogeneration plant that can reduce the amount of waste heat discharged from the condenser to the external environment and supply hot water.
  • a feature of the present invention that achieves the above-described object is that a steam generator that converts water into steam, a turbine that is supplied with steam from the steam generator, a condenser that condenses steam exhausted from the turbine, and hot water A generator,
  • the hot water generator is connected to the first piping connected to the second piping, the first piping for guiding the water extracted from the turbine, and the water guided by the first piping. And having a plurality of heating devices for heating with steam supplied by the second pipe.
  • Water is heated by the steam extracted from the turbine and supplied to each heating device provided in the first pipe, and hot water that is subcritical water is generated. Since the steam supplied from each heating device provided in the first pipe is extracted from the turbine, the amount of steam exhausted to the condenser is reduced, and cooling water (exhaust from the condenser to the external environment ( The amount of waste heat due to warm wastewater is reduced.
  • the hot water generator condenses the steam in the condenser and guides the cooling water discharged from the condenser, and the first pipe that is provided in the first pipe and guides the steam extracted from the turbine.
  • Example 3 It is a block diagram of the cogeneration plant of Example 3 which is another Example of this invention. It is a block diagram of the biomass reforming combined power plant of Example 4 which is another Example of this invention. It is a detailed block diagram of the biomass reforming apparatus shown in FIG. It is a block diagram of the cogeneration plant of Example 5 which is another Example of this invention. It is a block diagram of the cogeneration plant of Example 6 which is another Example of this invention.
  • the inventors examined a combined heat and power generation plant that can reduce the amount of waste heat from the discharged hot effluent and raise the temperature of the resulting hot water accordingly.
  • FIG. 3 shows a Tq ⁇ S diagram for a simple Rankine cycle
  • FIG. 5 shows a Tq ⁇ S diagram for the regenerated Rankine cycle
  • FIG. 8 shows a Tq ⁇ S diagram regarding the hot water combined cycle.
  • the TS diagram represents the change in the entropy of the vapor of temperature T and unit mass, that is, the specific entropy.
  • the Tq ⁇ S diagram shows a Tq ⁇ S diagram using entropy q ⁇ S multiplied by specific flow q instead of specific entropy S.
  • the specific flow rate q was standardized assuming that the amount of steam generated in the boiler is 1.
  • FIGS. 6 and 8 the reduction in the flow rate of the turbine stage due to the bleed air is taken into consideration, and the power generation output when the amount of steam generated in the boiler (steam generating device) is 1 as the ABCD area is shown.
  • the specific flow rate of the cooling water is normalized by assuming the amount of steam generated in the boiler to be 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a formal representation and has no physical meaning as it is.
  • the specific flow rate of the cooling water is normalized assuming that the amount of steam generated in the boiler is 1.
  • the route XcXh substantially matches the route DA.
  • the amount of heat exhausted to the condenser could be further reduced by increasing the amount of steam extracted from the path CD, compared to the simple Rankine cycle. If the amount of steam extracted in the path CD is further increased, the amount of heat exhausted by the steam exhausted from the turbine to the condenser can be further reduced.
  • hot water is produced separately from the feed water supplied to the steam generator, and the hot water is supplied to the outside.
  • the heating of this hot water is similar to the heating of the feed water.
  • steam extracted from the middle of the adiabatic expansion of steam is used.
  • all the exhaust heat to the condenser is recovered, and hot water having the same temperature as the steam generator is obtained.
  • both the hot water and the feed water are in the liquid phase, and the specific entropies coincide if the temperature T is equal.
  • Cooling water for example, seawater supplied to the condenser by the amount of heat exhausted from the turbine by steam exhausted from the turbine is heated to the temperature T0 and then heated by the extracted steam in the same manner as the water supply.
  • the steam generated by the steam generator is used as a high-temperature heat source, and cooling water supplied to the condenser is used as a low-temperature heat source to generate power.
  • the steam is used as a high temperature heat source, and the cooling water that condenses the steam extracted from the middle of the adiabatic expansion is used as a low temperature heat source for power generation.
  • the cooling water that condenses the steam extracted from the middle of the adiabatic expansion contributes to the power generation in the power plant and becomes hot water. It is theoretically the same if a compression liquefaction process is used instead of the regeneration process.
  • the hot water obtained by the above hot water combined supply cycle is subcritical water (120 ° C. to 370 ° C.) and can be used for reforming biomass and the like.
  • This reforming method applies a semi-batch suitable for cogeneration and recovers all products in the solid, dissolved, fat or gas state.
  • the reforming reaction is generally an endothermic reaction, and the recovered exhaust heat is stored in the reformed product.
  • the cogeneration plant 1 of this embodiment includes a boiling water nuclear power plant 2 and a hot water generator 21.
  • the boiling water nuclear power plant 2 includes a nuclear reactor 3 that is a steam generator, a high-pressure turbine (first turbine) 4, a low-pressure turbine (second turbine) 5 having a lower pressure than the high-pressure turbine 4, a condenser 8, and low-pressure feed water Heaters 9 and 10, a high-pressure feed water heater 11, and a feed water pump 13 are provided.
  • the nuclear reactor 3 is connected to a high pressure turbine 4 and a low pressure turbine 5 by a main steam pipe 7.
  • a reheater 6 is provided in the main steam pipe 7 between the high pressure turbine 4 and the low pressure turbine 5.
  • a pipe 20 connected to the nuclear reactor 3 is connected to the reheater 6.
  • a water supply pipe 12 connects the condenser 8 and the reactor 3.
  • the feed water pipe 12 is provided with low pressure feed water heaters 9 and 10, a feed water pump 13 and a high pressure feed water heater 11 in this order from upstream to downstream.
  • the extraction pipe 17 is connected to a turbine casing (not shown) of the low-pressure turbine 5 and further connected to the low-pressure feed water heater 9.
  • the extraction pipe 18 is connected to the turbine casing of the low pressure turbine 5 and the low pressure feed water heater 10.
  • the extraction pipe 17 is connected to the turbine casing on the rear stage side of the low-pressure turbine 5 with respect to the extraction pipe 18.
  • the extraction pipe 19 is connected to a turbine casing (not shown) of the high-pressure turbine 4 and the high-pressure feed water heater 11.
  • the condenser 8 is provided with a large number of heat transfer tubes 14.
  • a cooling water supply pipe 15 and a cooling water discharge pipe 16 are connected to each heat transfer pipe 14.
  • the hot water generator 21 includes a pump 23, heaters (heating devices) 24, 25, and 26 that are heat exchangers, and a steam heat pump device (heating device) 36.
  • the pump 23, the heaters 24, 25, and 26 that are heat exchangers, and the steam heat pump device 36 are provided in the hot water pipe (first pipe) 22 in this order from the upstream.
  • the heater 24 is connected to the extraction pipe 17 by an extraction pipe (second pipe) 27 and communicates with the low-pressure turbine 5.
  • the heater 25 is connected to the extraction pipe 18 by an extraction pipe (second pipe) 28 and communicates with the low-pressure turbine 5.
  • the heater 26 is connected to the extraction pipe 19 by an extraction pipe (second pipe) 29 and communicates with the high-pressure turbine 4.
  • the condensed water pipe 30 connected to the heater 24 is connected to the feed water pipe 10 between the low pressure feed water heater 9 and the low pressure feed water heater 10.
  • a condensed water pipe 31 connected to the low-pressure feed water heater 9 is connected to the condensed water pipe 30.
  • a condensed water pipe 32 connected to the heater 25 is connected between the low-pressure feed water heater 10 and the feed water pump 13 to the feed water pipe 10.
  • a condensed water pipe 33 connected to the low-pressure feed water heater 10 is connected to the condensed water pipe 32.
  • the condensed water pipe 34 connected to the heater 26 is connected to the water supply pipe 10 downstream of the high-pressure feed water heater 11.
  • a condensed water pipe 35 connected to the high-pressure feed water heater 11 is connected to the condensed water pipe 34.
  • the steam heat pump device 36 includes compressors 37A, 37B, 37C and 37D, a motor (drive device) 38, condensers 41A, 41B, 41C and 41D and moisture separators 43A, 43B and 43C.
  • the compressors 37A, 37B, 37C, and 37D are turbo compressors that are rotating compressors having rotating blades.
  • Rotors (not shown) having moving blades of the compressors 37A, 37B, 37C and 37D are connected to the rotating shaft 40.
  • the rotating shaft 40 is connected to the motor 38 via a gear 39.
  • the condenser 41A is connected to the first stage compressor 37A by an exhaust pipe 44A.
  • the condenser 41A is connected to the second stage compressor 37B by a supply pipe 45A provided with a moisture separator 43A.
  • the condenser 41B is connected to the compressor 37B by an exhaust pipe 44B.
  • the condenser 41B is connected to the third stage compressor 37C by a supply pipe 45B.
  • a moisture separator 43B is provided in the supply pipe 45B.
  • the condenser 41C is connected to the compressor 37C by an exhaust pipe 44C.
  • the condenser 41C is connected to a fourth-stage compressor 37D as the final stage by a supply pipe 45C.
  • a moisture separator 43C is provided in the supply pipe 45C.
  • the condenser 41D is connected to the compressor 37D by an exhaust pipe 44D.
  • a compressor and a condenser are provided in pairs.
  • the first-stage compressor 37 ⁇ / b> A located at the most upstream is connected to the turbine casing of the high-pressure turbine 4 by an extraction pipe (second pipe) 48 provided with an on-off valve 54.
  • a heat transfer tube 42A is provided in the condenser 41A, and a heat transfer tube 42B is provided in the condenser 41B.
  • a heat transfer tube 42C is provided in the condenser 41C, and a heat transfer tube 42D is provided in the condenser 41D.
  • the hot water pipe 22 is connected to the inlet of the heat transfer pipe 42 ⁇ / b> A downstream of the pump 55 provided in the hot water pipe 22.
  • a pump 55 is disposed downstream of the heater 26.
  • the hot water tube 22 connects the outlet of the heat transfer tube 42A and the inlet of the heat transfer tube 42B, the outlet of the heat transfer tube 42B and the inlet of the heat transfer tube 42C, and the outlet of the heat transfer tube 42C and the heat transfer tube 42D, respectively.
  • the outlet of the heat transfer tube 42 ⁇ / b> D is also connected to the hot water tube 22.
  • the condensers 41 ⁇ / b> A, 43 ⁇ / b> B, 43 ⁇ / b> C, and 43 ⁇ / b> D are condensers if attention is paid to the steam exhausted from the compressors, but are heaters if attention is paid to the liquid flowing in the hot water pipe 22.
  • the condensed water piping 47A provided with the pump 46A is connected to the bottom of the condenser 41A and the condenser 41B.
  • a condensed water pipe 47B provided with a pump 46B is connected to the bottom of the condenser 41B and the condenser 41C.
  • a condensed water pipe 47C provided with a pump 46C is connected to the bottom of the condenser 41C and the condenser 41D.
  • a condensed water pipe 47D provided with a pump 46D is connected to the bottom of the condenser 41D.
  • the condensed water pipe 47 ⁇ / b> D is connected to the water supply pipe 12 downstream from the connection point between the condensed water pipe 34 and the water supply pipe 12.
  • Steam generated in the nuclear reactor 3 is supplied to the high-pressure turbine 4 through the main steam pipe 7 and further guided to the reheater 6 and the low-pressure turbine 5.
  • the steam discharged from the high-pressure turbine 4 is heated by the steam generated in the nuclear reactor 3 supplied through the pipe 20 in the reheater 6.
  • Steam whose temperature has risen in the reheater 6 is supplied to the low-pressure turbine 5.
  • the steam supplied to the high-pressure turbine 4 and the low-pressure turbine 5 rotates the high-pressure turbine 4 and the low-pressure turbine 5 whose rotation shafts are connected to each other.
  • a generator (not shown) connected to the rotating shafts of these turbines rotates to generate power.
  • the steam exhausted from the low-pressure turbine 5 is condensed by the condenser 8 to become water.
  • the condensation of steam in the condenser 8 is performed by supplying cooling water (for example, seawater) to the heat transfer pipe 14 in the condenser 8 through the cooling water supply pipe 15.
  • the cooling water in the heat transfer pipe 14 whose temperature has been increased by condensing the steam is discharged to the sea through the cooling water discharge pipe 16.
  • Water generated by condensation of steam in the condenser 8 is supplied to the reactor 3 through the water supply pipe 12 as water supply.
  • the feed water discharged from the condenser 8 is guided to the low pressure feed water heater 9.
  • the steam extracted from the low-pressure turbine 4 is supplied to the low-pressure feed water heater 9 through the extraction pipe 17 to heat the feed water supplied to the low-pressure feed water heater 9.
  • the feed water discharged from the low-pressure feed water heater 9 is supplied to the low-pressure feed water heater 10.
  • This feed water is further heated by the steam extracted from the low pressure turbine 4 and supplied to the low pressure feed water heater 10 through the extraction pipe 18.
  • the feed water heated by the low pressure feed water heater 10 is guided to the high pressure feed water heater 11.
  • the feed water is extracted from the high-pressure turbine 4, heated by steam supplied to the high-pressure feed water heater 11 through the extraction pipe 19, and supplied to the nuclear reactor 3.
  • the steam supplied to the low-pressure feed water heater 9 is condensed by heating the feed water and becomes condensed water.
  • the condensed water is guided to the water supply pipe 12 through the condensed water pipes 31 and 30.
  • the steam supplied to the low-pressure feed water heater 10 is condensed by heating the feed water to become condensed water.
  • the condensed water is guided to the water supply pipe 12 through the condensed water pipes 33 and 32.
  • the steam supplied to the high-pressure feed water heater 11 is condensed by heating the feed water to become condensed water.
  • the condensed water is guided to the water supply pipe 12 through the condensed water pipes 35 and 34.
  • the pumps 23 and 55 are driven, and a part of the cooling water discharged from the condenser 8 to the cooling water discharge pipe 16 flows into the hot water pipe 22 and is led to the heater 24.
  • a part of the steam flowing in the extraction pipe 17 is supplied to the heater 24 by the extraction pipe 27 and heats the cooling water in the heater 24.
  • the heated cooling water is supplied to the heater 25.
  • a part of the steam flowing in the extraction pipe 18 is supplied to the heater 25 through the extraction pipe 28 and heats the cooling water in the heater 25.
  • the heated cooling water is further supplied to the heater 26.
  • a part of the steam flowing in the extraction pipe 19 is supplied to the heater 26 by the extraction pipe 29 and heats the cooling water in the heater 26.
  • Heaters 24, 25 and 26 are provided with heat transfer tubes inside. Cooling water guided by the hot water pipe 22 flows through the heat transfer pipe, and steam extracted from the corresponding turbine is supplied to the shell side of each heater. The heat of the steam is transmitted to the cooling water flowing through the heat transfer tube through the heat transfer tube, and the cooling water is heated.
  • the heaters 24, 25, 26 and the steam heat pump device 36 are both heating devices, but the heaters 24, 25, 26 and the steam heat pump device 36 have different structures.
  • the hot water discharged from the heater 26 is supplied to the steam heat pump device 36, and the temperature is further increased.
  • the heating of hot water by the steam heat pump device 36 will be described in detail.
  • each of the compressors 37A, 37B, 37C, and 37D a rotor having moving blades is rotated by driving a motor 38.
  • the steam extracted from the high-pressure turbine 4 is supplied to the first stage compressor 37 ⁇ / b> A through the extraction pipe 48.
  • the on-off valve 54 is open.
  • the steam is compressed by the compressor 37A and the temperature rises.
  • the compressed steam is led into the condenser 41A through the exhaust pipe 44A and cooled by hot water flowing through the heat transfer pipe 42A of the condenser 41A.
  • a part of the vapor in the condenser 41A is condensed to become condensed water 53 and falls to the bottom of the condenser 41A. Since the steam supplied to the condenser 41A is higher than the temperature of the hot water flowing in the heat transfer tube 42A, it is condensed on the outer surface of the heat transfer tube 42A.
  • the hot water supplied by the hot water pipe 22 and flowing in the heat transfer pipe 42A is heated by cooling the steam in the condenser 41A and further condensing a part of the steam, and the temperature rises.
  • the temperature of the steam in the condenser 41A and the temperature of the hot water in the heat transfer tube 42A are substantially equal, and a thermal equilibrium is approximately maintained between the steam and the hot water.
  • the uncondensed vapor in the condenser 41A is guided to the compressor 37B through the supply pipe 45A after the moisture is removed by the moisture separator 43A.
  • the volume flow rate of the steam supplied from the condenser 41A to the compressor 37B is reduced by the cooling of the steam by the condenser 41A.
  • the steam is compressed again by the compressor 37B, and the temperature rises.
  • the temperature of the steam exhausted from the compressor 37B is higher than the temperature of the steam exhausted from the compressor 37A.
  • the steam compressed by the compressor 37B is led into the condenser 41B through the exhaust pipe 44B and cooled by hot water flowing through the heat transfer pipe 42B of the condenser 41B.
  • the hot water discharged from the heat transfer tube 42A and flowing in the heat transfer tube 42B is heated by cooling the steam in the condenser 41B and further condensing a part of the steam, and the temperature further rises.
  • the temperature of the steam in the condenser 41B and the temperature of the hot water in the heat transfer tube 42B are substantially equal, and the thermal equilibrium is approximately maintained.
  • the uncondensed vapor in the condenser 41B is guided to the compressor 37C through the supply pipe 45B after moisture is removed by the moisture separator 43B.
  • the volume flow rate of the steam supplied from the condenser 41B to the compressor 37C is reduced by the cooling of the steam by the condenser 41B.
  • the steam is compressed again by the compressor 37C and the temperature rises.
  • the temperature of the steam exhausted from the compressor 37C is higher than the temperature of the steam exhausted from the compressor 37B.
  • the steam compressed by the compressor 37C is led into the condenser 41C through the exhaust pipe 44C and cooled by hot water flowing through the heat transfer pipe 42C of the condenser 41C.
  • the hot water discharged from the heat transfer tube 42B and flowing in the heat transfer tube 42C is heated by cooling the steam in the condenser 41C and further condensing a part of the steam, and the temperature further rises.
  • the temperature of the steam in the condenser 41C and the temperature of the hot water in the heat transfer tube 42C are approximately equal, and the thermal equilibrium is approximately maintained.
  • the uncondensed vapor in the condenser 41C is guided to the compressor 37D through the supply pipe 45C after moisture is removed by the moisture separator 43C.
  • the volume flow rate of the steam supplied from the condenser 41C to the compressor 37D is reduced by the cooling of the steam by the condenser 41C.
  • the steam is compressed again by the compressor 37D, and the temperature rises.
  • the temperature of the steam exhausted from the compressor 37D is higher than the temperature of the steam exhausted from the compressor 37C.
  • the steam compressed by the compressor 37D is led into the condenser 41D through the exhaust pipe 44D and cooled by hot water flowing through the heat transfer pipe 42D of the condenser 41D.
  • the vapor in the condenser 41D is condensed to become condensed water 53 and falls to the bottom of the condenser 41D. Since the steam supplied to the condenser 41D is higher than the temperature of the hot water flowing in the heat transfer tube 42D, it is condensed on the outer surface of the heat transfer tube 42D. All the steam supplied into the condenser 41D is condensed in the condenser 41D.
  • the hot water discharged from the heat transfer tube 42C and flowing in the heat transfer tube 42D is heated by condensing the vapor in the condenser 41D, and the temperature further rises.
  • the temperature of the steam in the condenser 41D and the temperature of the hot water in the heat transfer tube 42D are substantially equal, and the thermal equilibrium is approximately maintained.
  • the hot water (subcritical water) discharged from the heat transfer pipe 42D requires the hot water through the hot water pipe 22 (for example, a biomass reformer or hydrothermal heat of inorganic materials such as nanotubes and zeolite) Synthesizer).
  • the condensed water 53 collected at the bottom of the condenser 41A is boosted by the pump 46A and guided into the condenser 41B through the condensed water piping 47A.
  • the condensed water 53 collected at the bottom of the condenser 41B is boosted by the pump 46B and guided into the condenser 41C through the condensed water piping 47B.
  • the condensed water 53 accumulated at the bottom of the condenser 41C is boosted by the pump 46C and guided into the condenser 41D through the condensed water piping 47C.
  • the condensed water 53 collected at the bottom of the condenser 41D is boosted by the pump 46D and supplied into the feed water pipe 10 through the condensed water pipe 47D.
  • Condensed water 53 having a high temperature in the condensers 41A, 41B, 41C and 41D is supplied to the nuclear reactor 3 together with water supply.
  • the cooling water discharged from the condenser 8 is guided to the heaters 24, 25, and 26 by the hot water pipe 22 and heated in the heaters 24, 25, and 26 to generate hot water that is subcritical water. is doing.
  • Steam extracted from the low-pressure turbine 5 and the high-pressure turbine 4 is used to generate the hot water. Since it is necessary to cover the amount of extracted steam supplied to the heater 26 in addition to the amount of extracted steam led to the high-pressure feed water heater 11, the amount of steam extracted from the high-pressure turbine 4 increases by the amount of the latter extracted steam. .
  • the amount of steam extracted from the low-pressure turbine 5 is also the same as the amount of extracted steam of the latter. Increase by the minute.
  • the amount of steam exhausted from the low-pressure turbine 5 to the condenser 8 is reduced, and the amount of waste heat due to cooling water (hot wastewater) discharged from the condenser 8 to the external environment (for example, the sea) is reduced.
  • the This reduced amount of waste heat is used to generate hot water by the heaters 24, 25, and 26.
  • a part of the cooling water whose temperature is increased by condensing the steam exhausted from the low-pressure turbine 5 to the condenser 8 is used as hot water.
  • the amount is reduced, and the amount of waste heat from hot wastewater is further reduced.
  • the use of the cooling water discharged from the condenser 8 also contributes to the generation of hot water.
  • the cooling water (hot drainage) discharged from the condenser 8 to the cooling water discharge pipe 16 as a raw material for hot water is heated in the condenser 8 due to heating by steam condensation.
  • the amount of extracted steam supplied to the heaters 24, 25, and 26 can be reduced.
  • the cogeneration plant 1 of the present embodiment in which the steam extracted from the low pressure turbine 5 and the high pressure turbine 4 is condensed by the heaters 24, 25, and 26 by the cooling water supplied by the hot water pipe 22 is as follows. It can be said that power generation is based on the new concept described.
  • the boiling water nuclear power plant 2 uses the steam generated by the reactor 3, that is, the steam generator as a high-temperature heat source, and generates power using the cooling water supplied to the condenser 8 through the cooling water supply pipe 15 as a low-temperature heat source. At the same time, power is generated using the steam as a high-temperature heat source and the cooling water supplied to the heaters 24, 25, and 26 to condense the steam extracted from the turbine as a low-temperature heat source.
  • the cooling water supplied to the heaters 24, 25, and 26 contributes to power generation in the boiling water nuclear power plant 2 and is hot water.
  • Such a new concept of power generation in the cogeneration plant 1 reduces the amount of waste heat of the hot effluent discharged from the condenser 8 to the external environment, resulting in the generation of hot water.
  • the condensed water respectively generated by the heaters 24, 25, and 26 is guided to the water supply pipe 12 and supplied to the nuclear reactor 3. For this reason, the amount of heat possessed by these condensed water can be used in the boiling water nuclear power plant 2.
  • Condensed water generated in each condenser of the steam heat pump device 36 is also guided to the water supply pipe 12 and supplied to the nuclear reactor 3. For this reason, the amount of heat possessed by the condensed water can be used in the boiling water nuclear power plant 2.
  • the thermal efficiency of the boiling water nuclear power plant 2 is improved.
  • the extraction pipes 27, 28, and 29 for supplying the extraction steam to each of the heaters 24, 25, and 26 are not directly connected to the casing of the corresponding turbine.
  • the extraction steam is supplied to the low-pressure feed water heater 9.
  • the extraction pipe 17 to be supplied is connected to the extraction pipe 18 for supplying the extraction steam to the low-pressure feed water heater 10, and the extraction pipe 19 to supply the extraction steam to the high-pressure feed water heater 11.
  • the number of extraction points in the low pressure turbine 5 and the high pressure turbine 4 is reduced, and the extraction structure can be simplified.
  • the length of each of the bleed pipes 27, 28, and 29 is shortened, and the time required for installing these bleed pipes can be shortened.
  • the cogeneration plant 1 of this embodiment has a steam heat pump device 36.
  • the steam heat pump device 36 By installing the steam heat pump device 36, the following effects can be obtained.
  • the temperature of the hot water discharged from the steam heat pump device 36 to the hot water pipe 22 can be easily adjusted. That is, the temperature of each steam compressed by each of the compressors 37A, 37B, 37C, and 37D can be changed by changing the rotation speed of the motor 38. Specifically, when the rotation speed of the motor 38 is small, the temperature of each steam is lowered, and when the rotation speed is increased, the temperature of each steam is lowered. As a result, the temperature of the hot water heated by each of the condensers 41A, 43B, 43C and 43D of the steam heat pump device 36 can be adjusted by changing the temperature of the steam supplied to each condenser.
  • the number of heaters (including condensers) in the hot water generator 21 can be increased without being restricted by the number of steam extraction points in the high-pressure turbine 4 and the low-pressure turbine 5, Water heating efficiency can be improved.
  • the steam supplied to the steam heat pump device 36 is extracted from one extraction point formed in the turbine casing of the high-pressure turbine 4.
  • a plurality of compressors for example, compressors 37A, 37B, 37C, and 37D
  • condensers for example, condensers 41A and 41B that are heaters for the respective compressors. , 41C and 41D).
  • the steam heat pump device 36 a plurality of compressors and a plurality of condensers can be provided, so the number of heaters in the hot water generator 21 can be increased and hot water can be increased. Heating efficiency can be improved. Furthermore, the temperature of the hot water generated by the heaters 24, 25, 26 can be further increased by the steam heat pump device 36.
  • the installation of the heaters 24, 25, and 26 is restricted by the number of steam extraction points in the high-pressure turbine 4 and the low-pressure turbine 5.
  • the extraction pipe for supplying the extraction steam to these heaters needs to be connected to the turbine casing at a position between the rotor blades in the axial direction of the turbine in order to avoid a decrease in efficiency of the turbine.
  • the number of compressor stages and the number of condensers can be increased regardless of the number of extraction points provided in the turbine.
  • a cogeneration plant according to embodiment 2, which is another embodiment of the present invention, will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the cogeneration plant 1A of the present embodiment includes a boiling water nuclear power plant 2 and a hot water generator 21A.
  • the hot water generator 21A has a configuration in which the heaters 25 and 26, the extraction pipes 28 and 29, and the condensed water pipes 32 and 34 are removed from the hot water generator 21 used in the first embodiment.
  • the other configuration of the hot water generator 21A is the same as that of the hot water generator 21.
  • the steam heat pump device 36 used in the hot water generator 21 ⁇ / b> A is associated with the number of stages of the compressor and the compressor rather than the steam heat pump device 36 used in the hot water generator 21 because the heaters 25 and 26 are not installed. The number of condensers to be used is increasing.
  • the extraction pipe 48 connected to the first stage compressor 37 ⁇ / b> A is connected to the extraction pipe 18 connected to the turbine casing of the low-pressure turbine 5.
  • a condensed water pipe 47D is connected to the bottom of the condenser connected to the final stage compressor.
  • An on-off valve 51 is provided in the condensed water pipe 47D.
  • a condensed water pipe 49 connected to the condensed water pipe 47 ⁇ / b> D upstream of the on-off valve 51 is connected to the water supply pipe 12 between the low-pressure feed water heater 10 and the feed water pump 13.
  • a condensed water pipe 52 connected to the low-pressure feed water heater 10 is connected to the feed water pipe 12.
  • a condensed water pipe 56 connected to the high-pressure feed water heater 11 is connected to the feed water pipe 12.
  • the cooling water flowing into the hot water pipe 22 is heated by the heater 24, and further heated by the steam compressed by each compressor in each condenser of the steam heat pump device 36, and hot water (subcritical water) having a predetermined temperature. )become.
  • the steam supplied to the first stage compressor 37 ⁇ / b> A of the steam heat pump device 36 is a part of the steam extracted from the low pressure turbine 5 by the extraction pipe 18.
  • the hot water discharged from the steam heat pump device 36 is guided to a facility that requires hot water through the hot water pipe 22.
  • Example 2 can also obtain each effect produced in Example 1.
  • the temperature of the steam compressed by each compressor can be changed by controlling the rotation speed of the motor 38.
  • a control device (not shown) controls opening and closing of the on-off valves 50 and 51 based on the temperature of the condensed water 53 discharged from the condenser connected to the final stage compressor to the condensed water piping 47D.
  • the on-off valve 51 is opened when the on-off valve 50 is closed, and the on-off valve 51 is closed when the on-off valve 50 is opened.
  • the on-off valve 50 is opened and the on-off valve 51 is closed, and the condensed water 53 is guided to the water supply pipe 12 through the condensed water pipe 49.
  • the on-off valve 50 is closed and the on-off valve 51 is opened, and the condensed water 53 is guided to the water supply pipe 12 through the condensed water pipe 47D.
  • the discharge destination of the condensed water 53 can be changed based on the temperature of the condensed water 53 discharged from the steam heat pump device 36.
  • the hot water generator 21A does not have the heaters 25 and 26 provided in the hot water generator 21, these heaters and the extraction provided in association with these heaters are used.
  • the tracheas 28 and 29 and the condensed water pipes 32 and 34 are unnecessary. For this reason, since the drawing of the extraction pipe and the condensed water pipe is reduced, the time required for the construction of the hot water generator 21A is shorter than that of the hot water generator 21.
  • a cogeneration plant according to embodiment 3, which is another embodiment of the present invention, will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the cogeneration plant 1B of the present embodiment includes a boiling water nuclear power plant 2 and a hot water generator 21B.
  • the hot water generator 21B has a configuration in which the heater 24, the extraction pipe 27, and the condensed water pipe 30 are removed from the hot water generator 21A used in the second embodiment. Other configurations of the hot water generator 21B are the same as the hot water generator 21A.
  • the steam heat pump device 36 used in the hot water generator 21B is not provided with the heater 24, so that the number of stages of the compressor and the condensation associated with the compressor are higher than those of the steam heat pump device 36 used in the hot water generator 21A. The number of vessels is increasing.
  • the extraction pipe 48 connected to the first stage compressor 37 ⁇ / b> A is connected to the steam space in the condenser 8.
  • a condensed water pipe 57 connected to the low-pressure feed water heater 9 is connected to the feed water pipe 12.
  • the extraction pipe 48 is not located in the steam space in the condenser 8 but at a certain position of the main steam system having the high pressure turbine 4, the low pressure turbine 5 and the main steam pipe 7 (for example, provided in the casing of the high pressure turbine 4 or the low pressure turbine 5. Connected bleed points).
  • the steam extracted from the condenser 8 and guided by the extraction pipe 48 is sequentially compressed by each compressor of the steam heat pump device 36.
  • the cooling water flowing into the hot water pipe 22 is heated by steam compressed by each compressor in each condenser of the steam heat pump device 36 to become hot water (subcritical water) having a predetermined temperature.
  • the hot water discharged from the steam heat pump device 36 is guided to a facility that requires hot water through the hot water pipe 22.
  • Example 2 can obtain each effect produced in Example 2.
  • the heater 24 is unnecessary as compared with the second embodiment, so that the time required for the construction of the hot water generator 21B is further shortened than that of the hot water generator 21A.
  • a biomass reforming combined power plant according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the biomass reforming combined power plant 60 of this embodiment includes the cogeneration power plant 1 and the biomass reforming device 61.
  • the cogeneration plant 1 used in the present embodiment is the cogeneration plant 1 of the first embodiment.
  • any of the above-mentioned cogeneration plants 1A and 1B may be used.
  • the biomass reforming device 61 is connected to the hot water pipe 22 connected to the outlet side of the steam heat pump device 36 of the hot water generating device 21 included in the cogeneration plant 1.
  • the biomass reforming device 61 includes a reactor 62, a separator 63, and a cooler 76.
  • a reactor 62 is connected to the hot water pipe 22.
  • the separator 63 is connected to the reactor 62 by a pipe 65 provided with a valve 63.
  • the biomass supply pipe 84 is connected to the reactor 62, and the recovery pipes 67, 68, and 69 are connected to the separator 63, respectively.
  • the cooler 76 is connected to the separator 63, and the cooling water pipe 80, the condensed water pipe 81, and the recovery pipe 82 are connected to the cooler 76.
  • the biomass reformer 61 includes a plurality of reactors 62 (for example, reactors 62a, 62b, and 62c), a plurality of separators 63 (for example, separators 63a, 63b, and 63c), and a plurality of coolers 76 (for example, cooling). Devices 76a, 76b, 76c).
  • the reactors 63a, 63b, 63c are connected to the hot water pipe 22 via valves 64a, 64b, 64c.
  • the biomass supply pipe 84 is connected to the reactor 63a via the valve 85a, connected to the reactor 63b via the valve 85b, and connected to the reactor 63c via the valve 85c.
  • the separator 63a is connected to the reactor 63a by a pipe 65a provided with a valve 66a
  • the separator 63b is connected to the reactor 63b by a pipe 65b provided with a valve 66b
  • the separator 63c is provided with a valve 66c.
  • the pipe 65c is connected to the reactor 63c.
  • Recovery pipes 67, 68 and 69 are connected to the separator 63a. Although not shown, other recovery pipes 67, 68 and 69 are connected to the separator 63b, and further recovery pipes 67, 68 and 69 are connected to the separator 63c.
  • the separator 63a is connected to the pipe 70 via the valve 73a, connected to the pipe 71 via the valve 73b, and further connected to the pipe 72 via the valve 73c.
  • the separator 63b is connected to the pipe 70 via the valve 74a, is connected to the pipe 71 via the valve 74b, and is further connected to the pipe 72 via the valve 74c.
  • the separator 63c is connected to the pipe 70 via the valve 75a, connected to the pipe 71 via the valve 75b, and further connected to the pipe 72 via the valve 75c.
  • the coolers 76a, 76b and 76c are provided with heat transfer tubes 83a, 83b and 83c.
  • a cooling water pipe 80 connects the heat transfer tubes 83a, 83b, 83c in this order from upstream to downstream.
  • the shell side of the cooler 76 a is connected to the pipe 70 by the pipe 77
  • the shell side of the cooler 76 b is connected to the pipe 71 by the pipe 78
  • the shell side of the cooler 76 c is connected to the pipe 72 by the pipe 79.
  • a condensed water pipe 81a is connected to the cooler 76a.
  • the condensed water piping 81b is connected to the cooler 76a and the cooler 76b.
  • the condensed water piping 81c is connected to the cooler 76b and the cooler 76c.
  • a recovery pipe 82 is connected to each shell side of the coolers 76a, 76b, and 76c.
  • biomass such as wood, vegetation, seeds, seaweed and plastic is assumed.
  • a feature of biomass is that it contains multiple components rather than a single component. Taking wood as an example, wood mainly contains polymer compounds of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, and moisture and a trace amount of metal elements are added to these. Such biomass is filled in the reactors 62a, 62b, and 62c, respectively. This filled biomass is usually in a state where wood, vegetation, seeds and the like are mixed.
  • the reforming of biomass with subcritical water mainly includes the first and second processes.
  • the first process is a process in which these miscellaneous components including a polymer compound that is biomass are reduced in molecular weight with high-temperature and high-pressure subcritical water and dissolved in subcritical water.
  • the second process is a process in which high-temperature and high-pressure subcritical water is depressurized and depressurized to separate and recover a low molecular weight and dissolved product.
  • This biomass reforming method will be specifically described using the biomass reforming apparatus 61 shown in FIG.
  • the valve 85a is opened, the valves 85b and 85c are closed, and solid biomass pulverized in advance is charged into one reactor 62a through the biomass supply pipe 84.
  • the valve 85a is closed, the valve 64a is opened, and hot water, which is subcritical water, is supplied from the hot water pipe 22 to the reactor 62a filled with solid biomass.
  • the valve 66a is closed. In the reactor 62a, a reforming reaction of solid biomass by hot water occurs.
  • valve 64a When a predetermined time for completing the reforming reaction has elapsed, the valve 64a is closed and the valve 66a is opened, and hot water and the dissolved product are introduced into the separator 63a. By supplying it into the separator 63a, the volume of the hot water and the dissolved product expands, and the hot water is depressurized and boiled. In addition, the volatile product is gasified in the separator 63a.
  • valve 85b Before closing the valve 64a, the valve 85b is opened and the solid biomass pulverized by the biomass supply pipe 84 is supplied to the reactor 62b. After filling the reactor 62b with biomass, the valve 85b is closed.
  • the valve 64a is closed to open the valve 66a as described above, the valve 64b is opened and hot water is supplied from the hot water pipe 22 to the reactor 62b.
  • the valve 66b is closed. In the reactor 62b, a reforming reaction of solid biomass occurs as in the reactor 62a.
  • the valves 73a, 73b, 73c provided in the three pipes connected to the separator 63a are opened.
  • the volatile gas generated in the separator 63a and the steam generated from the hot water by boiling under reduced pressure are separated from the hot water and the product in the separator 63a, cooled through the valve 73a and the pipes 70 and 77.
  • the separated volatile gas and vapor in the separator 63a pass through the valve 73b and are supplied to the cooler 76b through the pipes 71 and 78. Further, the separated volatile gas and vapor in the separator 63a are supplied to the cooler 76c through the valves 73c and the pipes 72 and 79.
  • Cooling water is supplied from the cooling water pipe 80 into the heat transfer tubes 83a, 83b, 83c in the coolers 76a, 76b, 76c. For this reason, the vapor
  • the valves 74a, 74b, 74c, 75a, 75b, and 75c are closed when volatile gas and vapor are discharged from the separator 63a to the respective coolers.
  • the condensed water in the cooler 76c is collected in the cooler 76b by the condensed water pipe 81c, and is further collected in the cooler 76a by the condensed water pipe 81b together with the condensed water generated in the cooler 76b.
  • the condensed water generated in the cooler 76a and the condensed water collected in the cooler 76a are discharged to the condensed water pipe 81a.
  • Each volatile gas in the coolers 76a, 76b, and 76c is recovered by a recovery pipe 82.
  • the discharge of volatile gas and steam to each cooler lowers the internal pressure of the separator 63a and keeps the separator 63a in a low pressure state. Even after discharge of volatile gas and vapor, hot water and products remain in the separator 63a. When time elapses, the temperature of the hot water and the product in the separator 63a decreases to near the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the cooler 76a through the cooling water pipe 80. In the separator 63a, the product dissolved in the hot water is precipitated as fats and oils as the temperature decreases. Oils and fats in the separator 63a are recovered by a recovery pipe 67 connected to the separator 63a, and solids are recovered by a recovery pipe 69 connected to the separator 63a.
  • Hot water and dissolved matter remaining in the separator 63a are recovered by a recovery pipe 68 connected to the separator 63a.
  • the cooling water supplied by the cooling water pipe 80 is heated by each of the coolers 76a, 76b, and 76c to become hot water.
  • the heat of hot water supplied in this way can be recovered as warm water by a cooler.
  • valve 64b When the reforming reaction of the solid biomass in the reactor 62b is completed, the valve 64b is closed and the valve 66b is opened, and hot water and the dissolved product are introduced into the separator 63b. Similarly to the separator 63a, volatile gas and vapor are generated in the separator 63b. After the discharge of the volatile gas and vapor in the separator 63a to the coolers 76a, 76b, 76c is completed, the valves 73a, 73b, 73c are closed and the valves 74a, 74b, 74c are opened.
  • the volatile gas and vapor in the separator 63b are supplied to the coolers 76a, 76b, and 76c to which the cooling water is supplied by the cooling water pipe 80 through the corresponding pipes. Steam is condensed in each cooler, and condensed water is discharged to the condensed water pipe 81a. Each volatile gas in the coolers 76a, 76b, and 76c is recovered by a recovery pipe 82. Oils and fats in the separator 63b are recovered by a recovery pipe 67 connected to the separator 63b, and solids are recovered by a recovery pipe 69 connected to the separator 63b. Hot water and dissolved matter remaining in the separator 63b are recovered by a recovery pipe 68 connected to the separator 63b.
  • valve 85c Before closing the valve 64b, the valve 85c is opened, and the solid biomass pulverized by the biomass supply pipe 84 is supplied to the reactor 62c. After filling the reactor 62c with biomass, the valve 85c is closed. When the valve 64b is closed to open the valve 66b, the valve 64c is opened to supply hot water from the hot water pipe 22 to the reactor 62c. The valve 66c is closed. In the reactor 62c, a reforming reaction of solid biomass occurs as in the reactor 62a.
  • valve 64c When the reforming reaction of the solid biomass in the reactor 62c is completed, the valve 64c is closed and the valve 66c is opened, and hot water and the dissolved product are introduced into the separator 63c. Similarly to the separator 63a, volatile gas and vapor are also generated in the separator 63c. After the discharge of the volatile gas and vapor in the separator 63b to the coolers 76a, 76b, and 76c is completed, the valves 74a, 74b, and 74c are closed and the valves 75a, 75b, and 75c are opened.
  • the volatile gas and steam in the separator 63c are supplied to the coolers 76a, 76b, and 76c to which the cooling water is supplied by the cooling water pipe 80 through the corresponding pipes. Steam is condensed in each cooler, and condensed water is discharged to the condensed water pipe 81a. Each volatile gas in the coolers 76a, 76b, and 76c is recovered by a recovery pipe 82. Oils and fats in the separator 63c are recovered by a recovery pipe 67 connected to the separator 63c, and solids are recovered by a recovery pipe 69 connected to the separator 63c. Hot water and dissolved matter remaining in the separator 63c are recovered by a recovery pipe 68 connected to the separator 63c.
  • valve 85a Before closing the valve 64c, for example, the valve 85a is opened and solid biomass pulverized by the biomass supply pipe 84 is supplied to the reactor 62a. After filling the reactor 62a with biomass, the valve 85a is closed. When the valve 64c is closed to open the valve 66c, the valve 64a is opened again to supply hot water from the hot water pipe 22 to the reactor 62a. The valve 66a is closed. As described above, the reforming reaction of the solid biomass using the hot water generated by the hot water generator 21 is sequentially performed in the reactors 62a, 62b, and 62c.
  • the volatile gas recovered by the recovery pipe 82 is, for example, methane obtained by decomposing a polymer.
  • recovered with the collection piping 68 is saccharides, for example.
  • the solid recovered by the recovery pipe 69 is, for example, a trace amount of metals.
  • the fats and oils recovered by the recovery pipe 67 and the organic compounds such as sugars recovered by the recovery pipe 68 are reformed to ethanol or the like by another process.
  • This example can obtain the effect produced in Example 1 in the cogeneration plant 1.
  • the biomass reformer 61 used in the present embodiment can perform the first process by batch processing, that is, by switching the reactors 62a, 62b, and 62c. For this reason, the hot water (subcritical water) produced
  • coolers 76a, 76b, and 76c are connected in series. It is preferable to collect each product from the separators 63a, 63b, and 63c at room temperature. However, it is desirable that the temperature is as high as possible from the viewpoint of recovering heat. Therefore, the coolers 76a, 76b, and 76c are connected in series, and the volatile gas and the high-temperature steam in one separator (for example, the separator 63a) are supplied to three valves (for example, the valves 73a, 73b, and 73c). Are substantially simultaneously opened and supplied to the coolers 76a, 76b and 76c to which the cooling water is supplied by the cooling water pipe 80.
  • the cooling water can be heated by condensing steam in the coolers 76a, 76b, and 76c, and high-temperature hot water can be obtained.
  • the above three valves (for example, the valves 73a, 73b, and 73c) are opened and closed in synchronization with the switching operation of the inlet valve and the outlet valve (for example, the valves 64c and 66c for the reactor 62c) of one reactor. .
  • any one of the separators 63a, 63b, and 63c is connected to the coolers 76a, 76b, and 76c.
  • the biomass reforming apparatus used in the biomass reforming combined power plant 60 of this embodiment is different from the biomass reforming apparatus 61 described in US Pat. No. 7,476,296, instead of the batch processing biomass reforming apparatus 61. This type of biomass reformer may be used.
  • the cogeneration plant 1C of the present embodiment includes a boiling water nuclear power plant 2 and a hot water generator 21C.
  • the hot water generator 21C has a configuration in which the hot water pipe 22 is connected to the cooling water supply pipe 15 instead of the cooling water discharge pipe 16 in the hot water generator 21 used in the first embodiment.
  • Other configurations of the hot water generator 21C are the same as those of the hot water generator 21.
  • Example 1 Since the hot water pipe 22 is connected to the cooling water supply pipe 15, the cooling water having a low temperature before being supplied to the heat transfer pipe 14 of the condenser 8 during the operation of the cogeneration plant 1C is supplied with the cooling water.
  • the hot water pipe 22 is supplied from the pipe 15.
  • the steam extracted from the main steam system of the boiling water nuclear power plant 2 such as the low pressure turbine 5 and the high pressure turbine 4 is heated in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
  • the cooling water having a low temperature is supplied to the hot water pipe 22, the temperature of each steam supplied to the corresponding heater by the extraction pipes 27, 28, and 29 is the extraction pipe 27 in the first embodiment.
  • the extraction pipe 27 connected to the heater 24 is not connected to the extraction pipe 17 but connected to the low-pressure turbine 5 at a position upstream of the connection position of the extraction pipe 17 to the low-pressure turbine 5.
  • the extraction pipe 28 connected to the heater 25 is not the extraction pipe 18 but upstream of the new connection position of the extraction pipe 27 to the low-pressure turbine 5 and upstream of the connection position of the extraction pipe 18 to the low-pressure turbine 5.
  • the extraction pipe 29 connected to the heater 26 is connected to the high-pressure turbine 4 at a position upstream of the connection position of the extraction pipe 19 to the high-pressure turbine 4, not the extraction pipe 19.
  • connection position of the extraction pipes 27, 28, and 29 to the corresponding turbine is also moved to the upstream side in the first embodiment, so that the extraction steam having a higher temperature is transferred to the corresponding heater. Can be supplied.
  • the extraction pipe 48 connected to the steam compressor 37 ⁇ / b> A of the steam heat pump device 36 is connected to the extraction pipe 29.
  • the temperature of the steam supplied to the steam compressor 37A is higher than that in the first embodiment.
  • hot water (subcritical water) is discharged from the heater 26 to the hot water pipe 22.
  • This hot water is heated by the steam heat pump device 36 to become hot water (subcritical water) having a higher temperature.
  • This embodiment has the effect of reducing the amount of waste heat generated by using the cooling water discharged from the condenser 8 as the raw material for hot water, and the effect of reducing the extraction point by connecting the extraction tube 27 to the extraction tube 17. Except for this, each effect produced in the first embodiment can be obtained.
  • connection of the hot water pipe 22 to the cooling water discharge pipe 16 may be changed to the connection of the hot water pipe 22 to the cooling water supply pipe 15 as in the present embodiment.
  • the cogeneration plant 1D of the present embodiment includes a boiling water nuclear power plant 2 and a hot water generator 21D.
  • the hot water generator 21D is provided with a return pipe 86 for returning the hot water drainage used in the hot water utilization facility 90 to which hot water is supplied by the hot water pipe 22 in the hot water generator 21 used in the first embodiment.
  • the hot water generator 21 ⁇ / b> D includes a flow rate adjustment valve 87, a flow meter 88, and a controller 89.
  • Other configurations of the hot water generator 21D are the same as those of the hot water generator 21.
  • a return pipe 86 connected to hot water utilization equipment (for example, a biomass reformer or hydrothermal synthesizer) 90 connected to the hot water pipe 22 is connected to the hot water pipe 22 upstream of the pump 23.
  • a flow control valve 87 is provided in the hot water pipe 22 upstream of the connection point between the return pipe 86 and the hot water pipe 22.
  • a flow meter 88 is provided in the hot water pipe 22 between the pump 23 and the heater 24.
  • a controller 89 is connected to the flow control valve 87 and the flow meter 88.
  • hot water that is subcritical water is generated by the heaters 24, 25, and 26 and the steam heat pump device 36 as in the first embodiment.
  • the hot water is supplied to the hot water utilization facility 90 through the hot water pipe 22 and used in the hot water utilization facility 90.
  • the temperature of the hot water used in the hot water utilization facility 90 decreases and is discharged to the return pipe 86 as drainage.
  • This waste water is returned to the hot water pipe 22 through the return pipe 86 and mixed with the cooling water discharged from the condenser 8 to the cooling water discharge pipe 16 flowing in the hot water pipe 22.
  • the wastewater mixed with the cooling water is boosted by the pump 23, supplied to the heaters 24, 25, etc., and heated together with the cooling water.
  • the temperature of the waste water flowing in the return pipe 86 is higher than the temperature of the cooling water supplied to the condenser 8 by the cooling water supply pipe 15.
  • the flow rate of the cooling water supplied from the cooling water discharge pipe 16 to the hot water pipe 22 is reduced and returned.
  • the flow rate of the cooling water supplied from the cooling water discharge pipe 16 to the hot water pipe 22 is small, the flow rate of the cooling water supplied from the cooling water discharge pipe 16 to the hot water pipe 22 is increased.
  • the flow rate of the cooling water supplied from the cooling water discharge pipe 16 to the hot water pipe 22 is the flow rate of hot water supplied to the hot water utilization facility 90 by the hot water pipe 22 and discharged from the hot water utilization facility 90 to the return pipe 86. It is the difference from the flow rate of the waste water, and is the amount of hot water consumed in the hot water utilization facility 90.
  • Example 1 can obtain each effect produced in Example 1.
  • the flow rate of the cooling water supplied from the cooling water discharge pipe 16 to the hot water pipe 22 is smaller than that in the first embodiment. For this reason, compared with Example 1, the present Example increases the amount of waste heat discharged from the condenser 8 to the external environment.
  • the cogeneration plant 1D shown in FIG. 14 is a biomass reformer (for example, the biomass reformer 61 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12)
  • the cogeneration plant 1D shown in FIG. Is a biomass reforming combined power plant including the cogeneration plant 1D and the biomass reforming device 61.
  • the hot water pipe 22 of the cogeneration plant 1D is connected to the reactors 62a, 62b, 62c of the biomass reforming device 61 as shown in FIG. 12) is connected to the hot water pipe 22 between the pump 23 and the flow rate adjusting valve 87 as a return pipe 86.
  • Part of the hot water supplied to each of the reactors 62a, 62b, and 62c is collected from the separators 63a, 63b, and 63c to the recovery pipes 67, 68, and 69 together with the recovered products (oil, dissolved matter, solid, etc.). Each is discharged.
  • the remaining hot water vapor discharged from the separators 63a, 63b, and 63c to the coolers 76a, 76b, and 76c is condensed by the coolers 76a, 76b, and 76c to be condensed water, and the condensed water returns as waste water.
  • the hot water pipe 22 is supplied through the pipe 86.
  • Cooling water having a flow rate obtained by subtracting the flow rate of the condensed water discharged from each of the coolers 76a, 76b, and 76c to the return pipe 86 from the flow rate of hot water respectively supplied to the reactors 62a, 62b, and 62c
  • the hot water pipe 22 is supplied from the cooling water discharge pipe 16 by controlling the opening degree of the valve 87.
  • This biomass reforming combined power plant can obtain the above-described effects obtained by the combined heat and power generation plant 1D and the effects brought about by the biomass reforming apparatus 61 in the fourth embodiment.
  • connection of the hot water pipe 22 to the cooling water discharge pipe 16 is changed to the connection of the hot water pipe 22 to the cooling water supply pipe 15 as in the fifth embodiment. Also good.
  • the hot water utilization facility 90 shown in FIG. 14 is a hot water utilization facility that uses only the heat of the hot water supplied through the hot water supply pipe 22, the hot water utilization facility 90 returns to the return pipe 86.
  • the flow rate of the discharged waste water is the same as the flow rate of hot water supplied by the hot water pipe 22.
  • the hot water pipe 22 is connected to the return pipe 86, and the cooling water supply pipe 15 and the cooling water discharge interval 16 are connected. Is not connected to.
  • the boiling water nuclear power plant 2 may be replaced with any other type of nuclear power plant such as a pressurized water nuclear power plant, and a thermal power plant.
  • the steam generator is a steam generator
  • the thermal power plant the steam generator is a boiler.
  • the present invention can be applied to a combined heat and power generation plant using a power plant such as a nuclear power plant and a thermal power plant.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur une centrale de cogénération dans laquelle la quantité de chaleur perdue due à l'effluent chaud rejeté dans l'environnement extérieur peut être réduite. La centrale de cogénération est équipée d'une centrale nucléaire à eau bouillante et d'un générateur d'eau chaude. La vapeur produite par le réacteur est envoyée à une turbine haute pression et à une turbine basse pression, l'électricité étant produite par la rotation d'une génératrice. Le générateur d'eau chaude a une canalisation d'eau chaude reliée à la canalisation de sortie d'eau de refroidissement d'un condenseur qui condense la vapeur d'échappement de la turbine basse pression, une pluralité de réchauffeurs et de pompes à chaleur utilisant de la vapeur étant montés dans la canalisation d'eau chaude. La vapeur extraite de la turbine basse pression et envoyée à la pluralité de réchauffeurs chauffe l'eau de refroidissement introduite par la canalisation d'eau chaude. La vapeur extraite de la turbine haute pression est envoyée à d'autres réchauffeurs montés dans la canalisation d'eau chaude et l'eau chaude est encore réchauffée par les réchauffeurs pour produire de l'eau sous-critique. La vapeur extraite de la turbine haute pression est comprimée par les pompes à chaleur à injection de vapeur et l'eau chaude est encore réchauffée par la vapeur comprimée.
PCT/JP2009/004640 2009-09-16 2009-09-16 Centrale de cogénération et centrale à cycle combiné de conversion de biomasse WO2011033559A1 (fr)

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JP2011531637A JP5331890B2 (ja) 2009-09-16 2009-09-16 熱併給発電プラント及びバイオマス改質複合発電プラント
PCT/JP2009/004640 WO2011033559A1 (fr) 2009-09-16 2009-09-16 Centrale de cogénération et centrale à cycle combiné de conversion de biomasse

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JP2013024046A (ja) * 2011-07-15 2013-02-04 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd メタノールからガソリンを製造するともに発電する方法およびシステム
JP5906348B1 (ja) * 2015-08-24 2016-04-20 春男 上原 半炭化物製造装置及び発電システム
EP3098549A1 (fr) * 2015-05-26 2016-11-30 General Electric Technology GmbH Séchage de lignite avec un circuit de récupération de chaleur
US9835056B2 (en) 2015-05-26 2017-12-05 General Electric Technology Gmbh Lignite drying integration with a water/steam power cycle
WO2018001436A1 (fr) * 2016-06-30 2018-01-04 Hsl Energy Holding Aps Installation et procédé de production d'une vapeur à haute pression
US9944875B2 (en) 2015-05-26 2018-04-17 General Electric Technology Gmbh Lignite drying in a lignite fired power plant with a heat pump
US10392575B2 (en) 2015-05-26 2019-08-27 General Electric Company Lignite drying with closed loop heat pump

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KR102038071B1 (ko) * 2019-06-06 2019-10-29 (주)케이알터빈에너지 다수개의 증기터빈과 발전기를 이용한 발전장치

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US9835056B2 (en) 2015-05-26 2017-12-05 General Electric Technology Gmbh Lignite drying integration with a water/steam power cycle
US9944874B2 (en) 2015-05-26 2018-04-17 General Electric Technology Gmbh Lignite drying with a heat recovery circuit
US9944875B2 (en) 2015-05-26 2018-04-17 General Electric Technology Gmbh Lignite drying in a lignite fired power plant with a heat pump
US10392575B2 (en) 2015-05-26 2019-08-27 General Electric Company Lignite drying with closed loop heat pump
JP5906348B1 (ja) * 2015-08-24 2016-04-20 春男 上原 半炭化物製造装置及び発電システム
JP2017043657A (ja) * 2015-08-24 2017-03-02 春男 上原 半炭化物製造装置及び発電システム
WO2018001436A1 (fr) * 2016-06-30 2018-01-04 Hsl Energy Holding Aps Installation et procédé de production d'une vapeur à haute pression

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