WO2011030708A1 - 液晶組成物および液晶表示素子 - Google Patents
液晶組成物および液晶表示素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011030708A1 WO2011030708A1 PCT/JP2010/064942 JP2010064942W WO2011030708A1 WO 2011030708 A1 WO2011030708 A1 WO 2011030708A1 JP 2010064942 W JP2010064942 W JP 2010064942W WO 2011030708 A1 WO2011030708 A1 WO 2011030708A1
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/42—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40
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- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/14—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/20—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3066—Cyclohexane rings in which the rings are linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms, e.g. esters or ethers
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/42—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40
- C09K19/44—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40 containing compounds with benzene rings directly linked
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K2019/0444—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K2019/0444—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group
- C09K2019/0466—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group the linking chain being a -CF2O- chain
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3003—Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
- C09K2019/3015—Cy-Cy-Ph-Cy
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3066—Cyclohexane rings in which the rings are linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms, e.g. esters or ethers
- C09K19/3068—Cyclohexane rings in which the rings are linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms, e.g. esters or ethers chain containing -COO- or -OCO- groups
- C09K2019/3078—Cy-Cy-COO-Ph-Cy
Definitions
- the present invention mainly relates to a liquid crystal composition suitable for an AM (active matrix) device and the like, and an AM device containing the composition.
- a liquid crystal composition having a positive dielectric anisotropy, a TN (twisted nematic) mode, an OCB (optically compensated bend) mode, an IPS (in-plane switching) mode, or a PSA (polymer sustainable) containing the composition. alignment) mode element.
- the classification based on the operation mode of the liquid crystal includes PC (phase change), TN (twisted nematic), STN (super twisted nematic), ECB (electrically controlled birefringence), OCB (optically compensated bend), IPS ( in-plane switching), VA (vertical alignment), PSA (polymer sustained alignment) mode, and the like.
- the classification based on the element drive system is PM (passive matrix) and AM (active matrix). PM is classified into static and multiplex, and AM is classified into TFT (thin film insulator), MIM (metal insulator metal), and the like. TFTs are classified into amorphous silicon and polycrystalline silicon. The latter is classified into a high temperature type and a low temperature type according to the manufacturing process.
- the classification based on the light source includes a reflection type using natural light, a transmission type using backlight, and a semi-transmission type using both natural light and backlight.
- the elements contain a liquid crystal composition having appropriate characteristics.
- This liquid crystal composition has a nematic phase.
- the general characteristics of the composition are improved.
- the relationships in the two general characteristics are summarized in Table 1 below.
- the general characteristics of the composition will be further described based on a commercially available AM device.
- the temperature range of the nematic phase is related to the temperature range in which the device can be used.
- a preferred upper limit temperature of the nematic phase is about 70 ° C. or more, and a preferred lower limit temperature of the nematic phase is about ⁇ 10 ° C. or less.
- the viscosity of the composition is related to the response time of the device. A short response time is preferred for displaying moving images on the device. Therefore, a small viscosity in the composition is preferred. Small viscosities at low temperatures are more preferred.
- a larger elastic constant is preferable.
- the preferred elastic constant of the composition is about 13 pN or more.
- the optical anisotropy of the composition is related to the contrast ratio of the device.
- the product ( ⁇ n ⁇ d) of the optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) of the composition and the cell gap (d) of the device is designed to maximize the contrast ratio.
- the appropriate product value depends on the type of operation mode. For a device with a mode such as TN, a suitable value is about 0.45 ⁇ m.
- a composition having a large optical anisotropy is preferable for a device having a small cell gap.
- a large dielectric anisotropy in the composition contributes to a low threshold voltage, a small power consumption and a large contrast ratio in the device. Therefore, a large dielectric anisotropy is preferable.
- a large specific resistance in the composition contributes to a large voltage holding ratio and a large contrast ratio in the device. Therefore, a composition having a large specific resistance not only at room temperature but also at a temperature close to the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase in the initial stage is preferable.
- a composition having a large specific resistance not only at room temperature but also at a temperature close to the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase after being used for a long time is preferable.
- the stability of the composition against ultraviolet rays and heat is related to the lifetime of the liquid crystal display device. When their stability is high, the lifetime of the device is long. Such characteristics are preferable for an AM device used in a liquid crystal projector, a liquid crystal television, and the like.
- a large elastic constant in the composition contributes to a large contrast ratio and a short response time in the device. Therefore, a large elastic constant is preferred.
- a composition having a positive dielectric anisotropy is used for an AM device having a TN mode.
- a composition having negative dielectric anisotropy is used for an AM device having a VA mode.
- a composition having a positive or negative dielectric anisotropy is used in an AM device having an IPS mode.
- a composition having a positive or negative dielectric anisotropy is used in an AM device having a PSA mode.
- Examples of liquid crystal compositions having positive dielectric anisotropy are disclosed in the following patent documents.
- Desirable AM elements have such characteristics as a wide usable temperature range, a short response time, a large contrast ratio, a low threshold voltage, a large voltage holding ratio, and a long life. A shorter response time is desirable even at 1 millisecond. Therefore, desirable properties of the composition include a high maximum temperature of the nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of the nematic phase, a small viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a high stability to ultraviolet light, High stability, large elastic constant, etc.
- One object of the present invention is to provide a high maximum temperature of the nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of the nematic phase, a small viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a high stability against ultraviolet rays, and a high resistance to heat.
- the liquid crystal composition satisfies at least one characteristic in characteristics such as high stability and a large elastic constant.
- Another object is a liquid crystal composition having an appropriate balance regarding at least two properties.
- Another object is a liquid crystal display device containing such a composition.
- Another object is a composition having a large optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, a high stability to ultraviolet light, etc., and has a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long lifetime, etc. It is an AM element.
- R 1 and R 2 are independently alkyl having 1 to 8 carbons
- R 3 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons Or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbon atoms in which arbitrary hydrogen is replaced by fluorine
- ring A and ring B are each independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1 , 4-phenylene, or 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene
- X 1 and X 2 are independently hydrogen or fluorine
- Y 1 is fluorine, chlorine, or trifluoromethoxy
- M 1, 2, or 3
- n is 0, 1, or 2
- the sum of m and n is 3 or less.
- Advantages of the present invention include a high maximum temperature of the nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of the nematic phase, a small viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a high stability to ultraviolet light, and a high stability to heat.
- It is a liquid crystal composition satisfying at least one of properties such as properties and a large elastic constant.
- One aspect of the present invention is a liquid crystal composition having an appropriate balance regarding at least two properties.
- Another aspect is a liquid crystal display device containing such a composition.
- Other aspects are compositions having large optical anisotropy, large dielectric anisotropy, high stability to ultraviolet light, large elastic constants, etc., and short response time, large voltage holding ratio, large contrast ratio, long It is an AM device having a lifetime.
- liquid crystal composition of the present invention or the liquid crystal display device of the present invention may be abbreviated as “composition” or “device”, respectively.
- a liquid crystal display element is a general term for a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display module.
- Liquid crystal compound means a compound having a liquid crystal phase such as a nematic phase or a smectic phase, or a compound having no liquid crystal phase but useful as a component of a composition. This useful compound has a six-membered ring such as 1,4-cyclohexylene and 1,4-phenylene, and its molecular structure is rod-like.
- An optically active compound or polymerizable compound may be added to the composition.
- Compound (1) means one compound or two or more compounds represented by formula (1). The same applies to compounds represented by other formulas. “Arbitrary” indicates that not only the position but also the number is arbitrary, but the case where the number is 0 is not included.
- the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase may be abbreviated as “upper limit temperature”.
- the lower limit temperature of the nematic phase may be abbreviated as “lower limit temperature”.
- “High specific resistance” means that the composition has a large specific resistance not only at room temperature in the initial stage but also at a temperature close to the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase. It means having a large specific resistance even at a close temperature.
- “High voltage holding ratio” means that the device has a large voltage holding ratio not only at room temperature in the initial stage but also at a temperature close to the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase. It means having a large voltage holding ratio even at a temperature close to.
- the first component is one compound or two or more compounds.
- the “ratio of the first component” is expressed as a weight percentage (% by weight) of the first component based on the total weight of the liquid crystal composition. The same applies to the ratio of the second component.
- the ratio of the additive mixed with the composition is expressed in terms of weight percentage (% by weight) or weight parts per million (ppm) based on the total weight of the liquid crystal composition.
- R 1 is used for a plurality of compounds. In any two of these compounds, the selected R 1 may be the same or different. For example, there is a case where R 1 of compound (1) is ethyl and R 1 of compound (3) is ethyl. In some cases, R 1 of compound (1) is ethyl and R 1 of compound (3) is propyl. This rule also applies to R 2 , R 3 and the like. In the chemical formula, “CL” represents chlorine.
- a liquid crystal composition containing a compound represented by formula (1) as a first component and at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (2) as a second component and having a nematic phase .
- R 1 and R 2 are independently alkyl having 1 to 8 carbons
- R 3 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons Or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbon atoms in which arbitrary hydrogen is replaced by fluorine
- ring A and ring B are each independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1 , 4-phenylene, or 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene
- X 1 and X 2 are independently hydrogen or fluorine
- Y 1 is fluorine, chlorine, or trifluoromethoxy
- m is 1, 2, or 3
- n is 0, 1, or 2 and the sum of m and n is 3 or less.
- Item 3 The liquid crystal composition according to item 1 or 2, wherein the second component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formulas (2-1) to (2-11).
- R 3 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons in which any hydrogen is replaced with fluorine.
- Item 1 wherein the content ratio of the first component is in the range of 3 wt% to 30 wt% and the content ratio of the second component is in the range of 5 wt% to 70 wt% based on the total weight of the liquid crystal composition.
- the liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 7.
- Item 9 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 8, further containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (3) as a third component.
- R 4 and R 5 are independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or carbon 2 having any hydrogen substituted with fluorine.
- Ring C and ring D are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene.
- Z 1 is independently a single bond, ethylene, or carbonyloxy; p is 1, 2, or 3, and p is 1 Sometimes ring C is 1,4-cyclohexylene.
- Item 10 The liquid crystal composition according to item 9, wherein the third component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formulas (3-1) to (3-11).
- R 4 and R 5 are independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or carbon 2 having any hydrogen substituted with fluorine. To 12 alkenyl.
- Item 15 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 9 to 14, wherein the content ratio of the third component is in the range of 30% by weight to 80% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal composition.
- Item 16 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 15, further containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (4) as a fourth component.
- R 3 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons in which any hydrogen is replaced by fluorine.
- Ring E is independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, 1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3,5-difluoro-; 1,4-phenylene, or 2,5-pyrimidine;
- Z 2 is independently a single bond, ethylene, or carbonyloxy;
- X 1 and X 2 are independently hydrogen or fluorine;
- Y 1 is fluorine, chlorine, or trifluoromethoxy;
- q is 1, 2, or 3.
- Item 17 The liquid crystal composition according to item 16, wherein the fourth component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formulas (4-1) to (4-12).
- R 3 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons in which any hydrogen is replaced by fluorine. .
- the content ratio of the fourth component is 5 to 50 wt%.
- Item 20 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 16 to 19, which is a range of 21.
- Item 22 A liquid crystal display device comprising the liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 21.
- Item 23 The liquid crystal display element according to item 22, wherein the operation mode of the liquid crystal display element is a TN mode, an OCB mode, or an IPS mode, and the driving method of the liquid crystal display element is an active matrix method.
- a liquid crystal display element comprising an alignment layer, a polarizing plate and a transparent electrode, comprising at least one transparent substrate and having a liquid crystal composition sandwiched between the substrates, Item 25.
- a liquid crystal display device comprising the liquid crystal composition according to item 1 or the liquid crystal compound according to item 24.
- Item 26 A liquid crystal composition having an elastic constant (K) at 25 ° C. of 13 pN or more contained in the liquid crystal display element according to item 25.
- K elastic constant
- the present invention includes the following items. 1) The above composition further containing an optically active compound, 2) the above composition further containing additives such as an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, an antifoaming agent, a polymerizable compound, a polymerization initiator, 3) AM device containing the above composition 4) Device containing the above composition and having a TN, ECB, OCB, IPS, or PSA mode 5) Transmission type containing the above composition 6) Use of the above composition as a composition having a nematic phase, 7) Use of the above composition as an optically active composition by adding an optically active compound to the above composition.
- additives such as an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, an antifoaming agent, a polymerizable compound, a polymerization initiator
- AM device containing the above composition 4) Device containing the above composition and having a TN, ECB, OCB, IPS, or PSA mode 5) Transmission type containing the above composition 6) Use of the above composition as a composition having
- composition of the present invention will be described in the following order. First, the constitution of component compounds in the composition will be described. Second, the main characteristics of the component compounds and the main effects of the compounds on the composition will be explained. Third, the combination of components in the composition, the preferred ratio of the components, and the basis thereof will be described. Fourth, a preferred form of the component compound will be described. Fifth, specific examples of component compounds are shown. Sixth, additives that may be mixed into the composition will be described. Seventh, a method for synthesizing the component compounds will be described. Finally, the use of the composition will be described.
- the composition of the component compounds in the composition will be described.
- the composition of the present invention is classified into Composition A and Composition B.
- the composition A may further contain other liquid crystal compounds, additives, impurities and the like.
- the “other liquid crystal compound” is a liquid crystal compound different from the compound (1), the compound (2), the compound (3), and the compound (4). Such compounds are mixed into the composition for the purpose of further adjusting the properties.
- a smaller amount of cyano compound is preferable from the viewpoint of stability to heat or ultraviolet light.
- a more desirable ratio of the cyano compound is 0% by weight.
- Additives include optically active compounds, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, dyes, antifoaming agents, polymerizable compounds, polymerization initiators, and the like. Impurities are compounds mixed in a process such as synthesis of component compounds. Even if this compound is a liquid crystal compound, it is classified as an impurity here.
- Composition B consists essentially of a compound selected from compound (1), compound (2), compound (3), and compound (4). “Substantially” means that the composition may contain additives and impurities, but does not contain a liquid crystal compound different from these compounds. Composition B has fewer components than composition A. From the viewpoint of reducing the cost, the composition B is preferable to the composition A. The composition A is preferable to the composition B from the viewpoint that the physical properties can be further adjusted by mixing other liquid crystal compounds.
- the main characteristics of the component compounds and the main effects of the compounds on the characteristics of the composition will be explained.
- the main characteristics of the component compounds are summarized in Table 2 based on the effects of the present invention.
- L means large or high
- M means moderate
- S means small or low.
- L, M, and S are classifications based on a qualitative comparison among the component compounds, and 0 (zero) means that the value is almost zero.
- Compound (1) increases the maximum temperature, increases the optical anisotropy, and increases the elastic constant.
- Compound (2) increases the maximum temperature and increases the dielectric anisotropy.
- Compound (3) increases the maximum temperature, decreases the minimum temperature, and decreases the viscosity.
- Compound (4) decreases the minimum temperature and increases the dielectric anisotropy.
- first component + second component first component + second component + third component
- first component + second component + fourth component first component + second component + first component 3 components + 4th component.
- Preferred combinations of the components in the composition are first component + second component + third component and first component + second component + third component + fourth component.
- a desirable ratio of the first component is approximately 3% by weight or more for increasing the maximum temperature and increasing the elastic constant, and approximately 30% by weight or less for decreasing the minimum temperature.
- a more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 3% by weight to approximately 15% by weight.
- a particularly desirable ratio is in the range of 5% to 7% by weight.
- a desirable ratio of the second component is approximately 5% by weight or more for increasing the dielectric anisotropy, and approximately 70% by weight or less for increasing the minimum temperature and decreasing the viscosity.
- a more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 10% by weight to approximately 40% by weight.
- a particularly preferred ratio is in the range of approximately 15% by weight to 30% by weight.
- a desirable ratio of the third component is approximately 30% by weight or more for increasing the maximum temperature or decreasing the viscosity, and approximately 80% by weight or less for increasing the dielectric anisotropy.
- a more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 40% by weight to approximately 75% by weight.
- a particularly preferred ratio is in the range of approximately 50% by weight to 70% by weight.
- the fourth component is particularly suitable for preparing a composition having a large dielectric anisotropy.
- a preferred ratio of this component is in the range of about 5% to about 50% by weight.
- a more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 10% by weight to approximately 35% by weight.
- a particularly preferred ratio is in the range of approximately 15% by weight to approximately 30% by weight.
- R 1 and R 2 are independently alkyl having 1 to 8 carbons. Desirable R 1 and R 2 are alkyl having 1 to 3 carbons for decreasing the viscosity. More desirable R 1 and R 2 are alkyl having 1 carbon for increasing the elastic constant.
- R 3 is independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons in which any hydrogen is replaced by fluorine. . Desirable R 3 is alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons for decreasing the minimum temperature, and alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons for increasing the stability to ultraviolet light or heat.
- R 4 and R 5 are independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or 2 to 12 carbons in which any hydrogen is replaced by fluorine.
- Alkenyl. Desirable R 4 and R 5 are alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons for decreasing the viscosity, and alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons for increasing the stability to ultraviolet light or heat.
- Preferred alkyl is methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl or octyl. More desirable alkyl is ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, or heptyl for decreasing the viscosity.
- Preferred alkoxy is methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy, or heptyloxy. More desirable alkoxy is methoxy or ethoxy for decreasing the viscosity.
- Preferred alkenyl is vinyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 4-hexenyl, or 5-hexenyl. More desirable alkenyl is vinyl, 1-propenyl, 3-butenyl, or 3-pentenyl for decreasing the viscosity.
- the preferred configuration of —CH ⁇ CH— in these alkenyls depends on the position of the double bond.
- Trans is preferable in alkenyl such as 1-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 1-pentenyl, 1-hexenyl, 3-pentenyl and 3-hexenyl for decreasing the viscosity.
- Cis is preferred for alkenyl such as 2-butenyl, 2-pentenyl, and 2-hexenyl.
- linear alkenyl is preferable to branching.
- alkenyl in which any hydrogen is replaced by fluorine include 2,2-difluorovinyl, 3,3-difluoro-2-propenyl, 4,4-difluoro-3-butenyl, 5,5-difluoro-4- Pentenyl and 6,6-difluoro-5-hexenyl. Further preferred examples are 2,2-difluorovinyl and 4,4-difluoro-3-butenyl for decreasing the viscosity.
- M is 1, 2 or 3, n is 0, 1, or 2, and the sum of m and n is 3 or less. Desirable m is 3 for increasing the maximum temperature. Desirable n is 0 for decreasing the minimum temperature. p is 1, 2 or 3. Preferred p is 1 for decreasing the viscosity. q is 1, 2 or 3. Preferred q is 2 for decreasing the minimum temperature.
- Ring A and Ring B are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, or 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, m
- any two rings A may be the same or different, and when n is 2, the two rings B may be the same or different.
- Preferred ring A or ring B is 1,4-phenylene for increasing the optical anisotropy, and 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene for increasing the dielectric anisotropy.
- Ring C and Ring D are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, or 2,5-difluoro.
- -1,4-phenylene and p is 2 or 3
- any two rings C may be the same or different;
- p is 1,
- ring C is 1,4-cyclo Hexylene.
- Desirable ring C or ring D is 1,4-phenylene for increasing the optical anisotropy, and 1,4-cyclohexylene for decreasing the viscosity.
- Ring E is independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, 1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3,5-difluoro-1 , 4-phenylene, or 2,5-pyrimidine, and when q is 2 or 3, any two rings E may be the same or different. Desirable ring E is 1,4-phenylene or 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene for increasing the optical anisotropy. As the configuration of 1,4-cyclohexylene, trans is preferable to cis for increasing the maximum temperature.
- X 1 and X 2 are independently hydrogen or fluorine. Desirable X 1 or X 2 is fluorine for increasing the dielectric anisotropy.
- Y 1 is fluorine, chlorine, or trifluoromethoxy. Desirable Y 1 is fluorine for decreasing the minimum temperature.
- Z 1 is independently a single bond, ethylene, or carbonyloxy, and when p is 2 or 3, any two Z 1 may be the same or different. Desirable Z 1 is a single bond for decreasing the viscosity.
- Z 2 is independently a single bond, ethylene, or carbonyloxy, and when q is 2 or 3, any two Z 2 may be the same or different. Desirable Z 2 is a single bond for decreasing the viscosity, and carbonyloxy for increasing the dielectric anisotropy.
- R 6 is straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons.
- R 7 and R 9 are straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons or straight-chain alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons.
- R 8 is straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons or straight-chain alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons.
- a preferred compound (1) is the compound (1-1). Desirable compounds (2) are from the compound (2-1-1) to the compound (2-11-1). More desirable compound (2) is the compound (2-1-1), the compound (2-3-1), and the compound (2-6-1) to the compound (2-10-1). Particularly preferred compounds (2) are the compound (2-1-1), the compound (2-3-1), the compound (2-6-1), and the compound (2-9-1). Desirable compounds (3) are the compounds (3-1-1) to (3-11-1). More desirable compounds (3) are the compound (3-1-1), the compound (3-3-1), the compound (3-5-1), the compound (3-7-1), and the compound (3-10). -1). Particularly preferred compounds (3) are the compound (3-1-1), the compound (3-5-1), the compound (3-7-1), and the compound (3-10-1).
- Desirable compounds (4) are from the compound (4-1-1) to the compound (4-15-1). More desirable compounds (4) are the compound (4-5-1), the compound (4-8-1), the compound (4-9-1), and the compound (4-11-1). Particularly preferred compounds (4) are the compound (4-5-1), the compound (4-8-1), and the compound (4-9-1).
- additives that may be mixed with the composition will be described.
- Such additives are optically active compounds, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, dyes, antifoaming agents, polymerizable compounds, polymerization initiators, and the like.
- An optically active compound is mixed with the composition for the purpose of inducing a helical structure of liquid crystal to give a twist angle.
- Examples of such compounds are compound (5-1) to compound (5-4).
- a desirable ratio of the optically active compound is 5% by weight or less.
- a more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 0.01% by weight to approximately 2% by weight.
- oxidation prevention An agent is mixed into the composition.
- a preferred example of the antioxidant is a compound (6) in which w is an integer of 1 to 9.
- preferred w is 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9. Further preferred w is 1 or 7. Since the compound (6) in which w is 1 has high volatility, it is effective in preventing a decrease in specific resistance due to heating in the atmosphere. Since the compound (6) in which w is 7 has low volatility, it is effective for maintaining a large voltage holding ratio not only at room temperature but also at a temperature close to the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase after using the device for a long time.
- a desirable ratio of the antioxidant is approximately 50 ppm or more for achieving its effect, and is approximately 600 ppm or less for avoiding a decrease in the maximum temperature or avoiding an increase in the minimum temperature. A more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 100 ppm to approximately 300 ppm.
- the ultraviolet absorber examples include benzophenone derivatives, benzoate derivatives, triazole derivatives and the like. Also preferred are light stabilizers such as sterically hindered amines.
- a desirable ratio in these absorbents and stabilizers is approximately 50 ppm or more for obtaining the effect thereof, and approximately 10,000 ppm or less for avoiding a decrease in the maximum temperature or avoiding an increase in the minimum temperature. A more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 100 ppm to approximately 10,000 ppm.
- a dichroic dye such as an azo dye or an anthraquinone dye is mixed with the composition so as to be adapted to a GH (guest host) mode element.
- a preferred ratio of the dye is in the range of approximately 0.01% by weight to approximately 10% by weight.
- an antifoaming agent such as dimethyl silicone oil or methylphenyl silicone oil is mixed with the composition.
- a desirable ratio of the antifoaming agent is approximately 1 ppm or more for obtaining the effect thereof, and approximately 1000 ppm or less for preventing a poor display.
- a more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 1 ppm to approximately 500 ppm.
- a polymerizable compound is mixed with the composition in order to adapt to a PSA (polymer-sustained alignment) mode element.
- Preferred examples of the polymerizable compound are compounds having a polymerizable group such as acrylate, methacrylate, vinyl compound, vinyloxy compound, propenyl ether, epoxy compound (oxirane, oxetane), vinyl ketone and the like. Particularly preferred examples are acrylate or methacrylate derivatives.
- a desirable ratio of the polymerizable compound is approximately 0.05% by weight or more for obtaining the effect thereof, and approximately 10% by weight or less for preventing a display defect. A more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 0.1% by weight to approximately 2% by weight.
- the polymerizable compound is preferably polymerized by UV irradiation or the like in the presence of a suitable initiator such as a photopolymerization initiator.
- a suitable initiator such as a photopolymerization initiator.
- Appropriate conditions for polymerization, the appropriate type of initiator, and the appropriate amount are known to those skilled in the art and are described in the literature.
- Irgacure 651 registered trademark
- Irgacure 184 registered trademark
- Darocure 1173 registered trademark
- a preferred ratio of the photopolymerization initiator is in the range of about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of the polymerizable compound, and a particularly preferable ratio is in the range of about 1% to about 3% by weight.
- the liquid crystalline compound represented by the formula (1) can be synthesized by appropriately combining synthetic methods of organic synthetic chemistry.
- Methods for introducing the desired end groups, rings, and linking groups into the starting material include, for example, Organic Synthesis (John Wiley & Sons, Inc), Organic Reactions (Organic Reactions, John Wiley & Sons, Inc), Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, Pergamon Press, New Experimental Chemistry Course 14 Synthesis and Reaction of Organic Compounds (1978) Maruzen or Fourth Edition Experimental Chemistry Course 19-26 Organic Synthesis I-VIII (1991) The method described in Maruzen et al.
- Compound (22) is synthesized by reacting 4-bromobenzaldehyde (20) and 4-formylphenylboronic acid (21) in the presence of a palladium catalyst and potassium carbonate. This reaction is preferably carried out in a mixed solvent of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and water at the reflux temperature in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst such as tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB).
- IPA isopropyl alcohol
- TBAB tetrabutylammonium bromide
- Compound (23) is synthesized by reacting 2- (2-triphenylphosphinoethyl) -1,3-dioxolane bromide (DOMP) with t-butoxypotassium and then reacting with compound (22). This reaction is preferably carried out in a tetrahydrofuran solvent at a temperature of -20 ° C or lower. Then, this compound (23) is hydrogenated with 5% -Pd / C in a mixed solvent of toluene and isopropyl alcohol to obtain a compound (24). At this time, it is preferable to coexist an alkali such as potassium carbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate because the ketal protecting group can be prevented from being removed when the reaction system is acidic.
- an alkali such as potassium carbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate because the ketal protecting group can be prevented from being removed when the reaction system is acidic.
- Compound (25) can be obtained by refluxing Compound (24) in a toluene solvent in the presence of formic acid.
- Compound (1-1) is reacted with potassium hexamethyldisilazane (KHMDS) and 5- (ethylsulfonyl) -1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole (PT-Et) and then reacted with compound (25). To synthesize. This reaction is preferably carried out in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether at a temperature of ⁇ 50 ° C. or lower.
- KHMDS potassium hexamethyldisilazane
- PT-Et 5- (ethylsulfonyl) -1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole
- bases include lithium hexamethyldisilazane (LiHMDS), sodium hexamethyldisilazane (NaHMDS), t-butoxypotassium, lithium diisopropylamide (LDA), butyllithium.
- DiHMDS lithium hexamethyldisilazane
- NaHMDS sodium hexamethyldisilazane
- t-butoxypotassium lithium diisopropylamide
- LDA lithium diisopropylamide
- DBU Diazabicycloundecene
- ethenylating reagents include 2- (ethylsulfonyl) benzothiazole (BT-Et), 2-ethylsulfonylpyridine. (PYR-Et), 4-t-butyl-5- (ethylsulfonyl) -4H-1,2,3-triazole (TBT-Et) and the like can also be used.
- the composition of the present invention mainly has a minimum temperature of about ⁇ 10 ° C. or lower, a maximum temperature of about 70 ° C. or higher, and an optical anisotropy in the range of about 0.07 to about 0.20.
- a device containing this composition has a large voltage holding ratio.
- This composition is suitable for an AM device.
- This composition is particularly suitable for a transmissive AM device.
- a composition having an optical anisotropy in the range of about 0.08 to about 0.25 by controlling the proportion of the component compounds or by mixing other liquid crystal compounds, and further from about 0.10 Compositions having optical anisotropy in the range of about 0.30 may be prepared.
- This composition can be used as a composition having a nematic phase, or can be used as an optically active composition by adding an optically active compound.
- This composition can be used for an AM device. Further, it can be used for PM elements.
- This composition can be used for an AM device and a PM device having modes such as PC, TN, STN, ECB, OCB, IPS, VA, and PSA.
- Use for an AM device having a TN, OCB or IPS mode is particularly preferable.
- These elements may be reflective, transmissive, or transflective. Use in a transmissive element is preferred. It can also be used for an amorphous silicon-TFT device or a polycrystalline silicon-TFT device.
- NCAP non-curvilinear-aligned-phase
- PD polymer-dispersed
- the aqueous phase was extracted 3 times with 100 ml of toluene, the organic phases were combined and washed with water, and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- the residue was treated with silica gel column chromatography (silica gel: 200 g, eluent: toluene) and recrystallized from a mixed solvent of heptane and solmix to obtain biphenyl-4,4′-dicarbaldehyde (32) 25. 5 g was obtained. (Yield 72.6%)
- Second Step In a reactor under a nitrogen atmosphere, 300 ml of tetrahydrofuran was added to 106.2 g of 2- (2-triphenylphosphinoethyl) -1,3-dioxolambromide (DOMP), and t-butoxy potassium was added at ⁇ 20 ° C. 32.0 g was added and reacted at the same temperature for 1.5 hours. To this reaction solution, a solution of 20.0 g of biphenyl-4,4′-dicarbaldehyde (32) obtained in the first step in 100 ml of tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise at ⁇ 20 ° C.
- ODP 2- (2-triphenylphosphinoethyl) -1,3-dioxolambromide
- reaction solution was stirred while slowly warming to room temperature, then quenched with a saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution, and 500 ml of water was added for liquid separation.
- aqueous phase was extracted 3 times with 100 ml of toluene, the organic phases were combined and washed with water, and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- phase transition temperature of the obtained compound (1-1) was as follows. Phase transition temperature: C 81.4 SE 101.2 Iso.
- the composition and this compound are used as the measurement object.
- the object to be measured was a composition, it was measured as it was as a sample, and the obtained value was described.
- the smectic phase or crystal
- the ratio of the compound and the mother liquid crystal is 10% by weight: 90% by weight, 5% by weight: 95% by weight, 1% by weight: 99% by weight in this order. changed.
- the maximum temperature, optical anisotropy, viscosity and dielectric anisotropy values for the compound were determined.
- the components of the mother liquid crystals are as follows. The ratio of each component is% by weight.
- the characteristics were measured according to the following method. Many of them are the methods described in the Standard of Electronics Industry Association of Japan EIAJ ED-2521A, or a modified method thereof.
- NI Maximum temperature of nematic phase
- a sample was placed on a hot plate of a melting point measuring device equipped with a polarizing microscope and heated at a rate of 1 ° C./min. The temperature was measured when a part of the sample changed from a nematic phase to an isotropic liquid.
- the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase may be abbreviated as “upper limit temperature”.
- T C Minimum temperature of nematic phase
- Viscosity (bulk viscosity; ⁇ ; measured at 20 ° C .; mPa ⁇ s): An E-type viscometer was used for measurement.
- Viscosity (rotational viscosity; ⁇ 1; measured at 25 ° C .; mPa ⁇ s): Measurement was performed according to the method described in M. ⁇ Imai et al., Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, Vol. 259, 37 (1995). A sample was put in a TN device having a twist angle of 0 ° and a distance (cell gap) between two glass substrates of 5 ⁇ m. A voltage was applied to this device in steps of 0.5 V in the range of 16 V to 19.5 V. After no application for 0.2 seconds, the application was repeated under the condition of only one rectangular wave (rectangular pulse; 0.2 seconds) and no application (2 seconds).
- the peak current (peak current) and peak time (peak time) of the transient current (transient current) generated by this application were measured.
- the value of rotational viscosity was obtained from these measured values and the calculation formula (8) described on page 40 in the paper by M. Imai et al.
- the value of dielectric anisotropy necessary for this calculation was determined by the method described below using the element whose rotational viscosity was measured.
- Threshold voltage (Vth; measured at 25 ° C .; V): An LCD5100 luminance meter manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd. was used for measurement.
- the light source is a halogen lamp.
- a sample was put in a normally white mode TN device in which the distance between two glass substrates (cell gap) was about 0.45 mm / ⁇ n ( ⁇ m) and the twist angle was 80 degrees.
- the voltage (32 Hz, rectangular wave) applied to this element was increased stepwise from 0V to 10V by 0.02V.
- the device was irradiated with light from the vertical direction, and the amount of light transmitted through the device was measured.
- a voltage-transmittance curve was created in which the transmittance was 100% when the light amount reached the maximum and the transmittance was 0% when the light amount was the minimum.
- the threshold voltage is a voltage when the transmittance reaches 90%.
- Voltage holding ratio (VHR-1; 25 ° C .;%):
- the TN device used for the measurement has a polyimide alignment film, and the distance between two glass substrates (cell gap) is 5 ⁇ m. This element was sealed with an adhesive that was cured with ultraviolet rays after the sample was placed. The device was charged by applying a pulse voltage (60 microseconds at 5 V). The decaying voltage was measured for 16.7 milliseconds with a high-speed voltmeter, and the area A between the voltage curve and the horizontal axis in a unit cycle was determined. The area B is an area when it is not attenuated.
- the voltage holding ratio is a percentage of the area A with respect to the area B.
- Voltage holding ratio (VHR-2; 80 ° C .;%):
- the TN device used for the measurement has a polyimide alignment film, and the distance between two glass substrates (cell gap) is 5 ⁇ m. This element was sealed with an adhesive that was cured with ultraviolet rays after the sample was placed.
- the TN device was charged by applying a pulse voltage (60 microseconds at 5 V).
- the decaying voltage was measured for 16.7 milliseconds with a high-speed voltmeter, and the area A between the voltage curve and the horizontal axis in a unit cycle was determined.
- the area B is an area when it is not attenuated.
- the voltage holding ratio is a percentage of the area A with respect to the area B.
- VHR-3 Voltage holding ratio
- the TN device used for measurement has a polyimide alignment film, and the cell gap is 5 ⁇ m.
- a sample was injected into this element and irradiated with light for 20 minutes.
- the light source is an ultra high pressure mercury lamp USH-500D (manufactured by USHIO), and the distance between the element and the light source is 20 cm.
- USH-500D ultra high pressure mercury lamp manufactured by USHIO
- the decreasing voltage was measured for 16.7 milliseconds.
- a composition having a large VHR-3 has a large stability to ultraviolet light.
- VHR-3 is preferably 90% or more, and more preferably 95% or more.
- VHR-4 Voltage holding ratio
- the TN device into which the sample was injected was heated in a constant temperature bath at 80 ° C. for 500 hours, and then the voltage holding ratio was measured to evaluate the stability against heat. In the measurement of VHR-4, the decreasing voltage was measured for 16.7 milliseconds. A composition having a large VHR-4 has a large stability to heat.
- the rise time ( ⁇ r: rise time; millisecond) is the time required for the transmittance to change from 90% to 10%.
- the fall time ( ⁇ f: fall time; millisecond) is the time required to change the transmittance from 10% to 90%.
- the response time is the sum of the rise time and the fall time thus obtained.
- Elastic constant (K; measured at 25 ° C .; pN): An HP4284A LCR meter manufactured by Yokogawa Hewlett-Packard Co., Ltd. was used for the measurement. A sample was put in a horizontal alignment cell in which the distance between two glass substrates (cell gap) was 20 ⁇ m. A charge of 0 to 20 volts was applied to the cell, and the capacitance and applied voltage were measured. Fitting the measured values of capacitance (C) and applied voltage (V) using “Liquid Crystal Device Handbook” (Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun), formulas (2.98) and (2.101) on page 75 Thus, the values of K11 and K33 were obtained from the formula (2.99). Next, K22 was calculated from the equation (3.18) on page 171 using the values of K11 and K33 obtained earlier. The elastic constant is an average value of K11, K22, and K33 thus obtained.
- GC-14B gas chromatograph manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation was used for measurement.
- the carrier gas is helium (2 mL / min).
- the sample vaporization chamber was set at 280 ° C, and the detector (FID) was set at 300 ° C.
- capillary column DB-1 (length 30 m, inner diameter 0.32 mm, film thickness 0.25 ⁇ m; stationary liquid phase is dimethylpolysiloxane; nonpolar) manufactured by Agilent Technologies Inc. was used.
- the column was held at 200 ° C. for 2 minutes and then heated to 280 ° C. at a rate of 5 ° C./min.
- a sample was prepared in an acetone solution (0.1% by weight), and 1 ⁇ L thereof was injected into the sample vaporization chamber.
- the recorder is a C-R5A Chromatopac manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, or an equivalent product.
- the obtained gas chromatogram showed the peak retention time and peak area corresponding to the component compounds.
- capillary column As a solvent for diluting the sample, chloroform, hexane or the like may be used.
- the following capillary column may be used.
- HP-1 from Agilent Technologies Inc. (length 30 m, inner diameter 0.32 mm, film thickness 0.25 ⁇ m), Rtx-1 from Restek Corporation (length 30 m, inner diameter 0.32 mm, film thickness 0.25 ⁇ m), BP-1 (length 30 m, inner diameter 0.32 mm, film thickness 0.25 ⁇ m) manufactured by SGE International Pty.
- a capillary column CBP1-M50-025 length 50 m, inner diameter 0.25 mm, film thickness 0.25 ⁇ m
- Shimadzu Corporation may be used.
- the ratio of the liquid crystal compound contained in the composition may be calculated by the following method. Liquid crystalline compounds can be detected by gas chromatography. The area ratio of peaks in the gas chromatogram corresponds to the ratio (number of moles) of liquid crystal compounds. When the capillary column described above is used, the correction coefficient of each liquid crystal compound may be regarded as 1. Accordingly, the ratio (% by weight) of the liquid crystal compound is calculated from the peak area ratio.
- Example 12 was selected from the compositions disclosed in JP2009-084560A. The grounds are that this composition is compound (2-9-1), compound (3-1-1), compound (3-5-1), compound (3-6-1), compound (3-8-1). ), Compound (4-11-1), and compound (4-15-1). Since there was no description about an elastic constant, this composition was prepared and it measured by the method mentioned above. The components and properties of this composition are as follows.
- compositions of Examples 1 to 10 have a large elastic constant and a viscosity equal to or lower than those of Comparative Example 1. Therefore, the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention has more excellent characteristics than the liquid crystal composition disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- the liquid crystal composition satisfies at least one characteristic or has an appropriate balance with respect to at least two characteristics.
- a liquid crystal display element containing such a composition becomes an AM element having a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long lifetime, and the like, and thus can be used for a liquid crystal projector, a liquid crystal television, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
ここで、R1およびR2は独立して、炭素数1から8のアルキルであり;R3は、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または任意の水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニルであり;環Aおよび環Bは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、または3,5-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレンであり;X1およびX2は独立して、水素またはフッ素であり;Y1は、フッ素、塩素、またはトリフルオロメトキシであり;mは、1、2、または3であり、nは、0、1、または2であり、そしてmとnの和は3以下である。
1. 第一成分として式(1)で表される化合物、および第二成分として式(2)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有し、そしてネマチック相を有する液晶組成物。
ここで、R1およびR2は独立して、炭素数1から8のアルキルであり;R3は、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または任意の水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニルであり;環Aおよび環Bは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、または3,5-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレンであり;X1およびX2は独立して、水素またはフッ素であり;Y1はフッ素、塩素、またはトリフルオロメトキシであり;mは、1、2、または3であり、nは、0、1、または2であり、そしてmとnの和は3以下である。
ここで、R3は炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または任意の水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニルである。
ここで、R4およびR5は独立して、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または任意の水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニルであり;環Cおよび環Dは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、または2,5-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレンであり;Z1は独立して、単結合、エチレン、またはカルボニルオキシであり;pは、1、2、または3であり、pが1のとき環Cは1,4-シクロへキシレンである。
ここで、R4およびR5は独立して、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または任意の水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニルである。
ここで、R3は、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または任意の水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニルであり;環Eは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,3-ジオキサン-2,5-ジイル、1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3,5-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、または2,5-ピリミジンであり;Z2は独立して、単結合、エチレン、またはカルボニルオキシであり;X1およびX2は独立して、水素またはフッ素であり;Y1は、フッ素、塩素、またはトリフルオロメトキシであり;qは、1、2、または3である。
ここで、R3は、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または任意の水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニルである。
21. ネマチック相の上限温度が70℃以上であり、波長589nmにおける光学異方性(25℃)が0.08以上であり、そして周波数1kHzにおける誘電率異方性(25℃)が2以上である項1から20のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
R1およびR2は、独立して炭素数1から8のアルキルである。好ましいR1およびR2は、粘度を下げるために炭素数1から3のアルキルである。さらに好ましいR1およびR2は、弾性定数を上げるために炭素数1のアルキルである。R3は独立して、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または任意の水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニルである。好ましいR3は、下限温度を下げるために炭素数2から12のアルケニルであり、紫外線または熱に対する安定性などを上げるために、炭素数1から12のアルキルである。R4およびR5は独立して、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または任意の水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニルである。好ましいR4およびR5は、粘度を下げるために炭素数2から12のアルケニルであり、紫外線または熱に対する安定性などを上げるために、炭素数1から12のアルキルである。
式(1)で示される液晶性化合物は、有機合成化学の合成手法を適切に組み合わせることにより合成することができる。出発物に目的の末端基、環、および結合基を導入する方法は、例えば、オーガニックシンセシス(Organic Syntheses, John Wiley & Sons, Inc)、オーガニック・リアクションズ(Organic Reactions, John Wiley & Sons, Inc)、コンプリヘンシブ・オーガニック・シンセシス(Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, Pergamon Press)、新実験化学講座 14 有機化合物の合成と反応(1978年)丸善 あるいは第四版 実験化学講座 19~26 有機合成I~VIII (1991)丸善 等に記載の方法をあげることができる。
窒素雰囲気下の反応器中、4-ブロモベンズアルデヒド(30)30.9g、4-ホルミルフェニルボロン酸(31)25.0g、炭酸カリウム34.6g、テトラブチルアンモニウムブロミド(TBAB)10.8g、テトラキストリフェニルホスフィノパラジウム0.9gにイソプロピルアルコール(IPA)400ml、水100mlを加え、加熱還流した。反応終了後、トルエン400ml、水500mlを加えて分液した。水相をトルエン100mlで3回抽出し、有機相をあわせて水で洗浄した後、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、減圧下にて溶媒を留去した。残留物をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル:200g、溶離液:トルエン)で処理し、ヘプタンとソルミックスの混合溶媒から再結晶することにより、ビフェニル-4,4’-ジカルボアルデヒド(32)25.5gを得た。(収率72.6%)
窒素雰囲気下の反応器中、2-(2-トリフェニルホスフィノエチル)-1,3-ジオキソランブロミド(DOMP)106.2gにテトラヒドロフラン300mlを加え、-20℃で、t-ブトキシカリウム32.0gを添加し、同温度で1.5時間反応させた。この反応液に-20℃で、第一工程で得られたビフェニル-4,4’-ジカルボアルデヒド(32)20.0gのテトラヒドロフラン100ml溶液を滴下した。反応液をゆっくり室温まで昇温しながら攪拌した後、飽和塩化アンモニウム水溶液でクエンチし、水500mlを加えて分液した。水相をトルエン100mlで3回抽出し、有機相をあわせて水で洗浄した後、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、減圧下にて溶媒を留去した。残留物をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル:150g、溶離液:トルエン/酢酸エチル=90/10(容量比))にて精製し、4,4’-ビス(2-(1,3-ジオキソラン-2-イル)ビニル)ビフェニル(33)23.0gを得た。(収率69%)
第二工程で得られた、4,4’-ビス(2-(1,3-ジオキソラン-2-イル)ビニル)ビフェニル(33)23.0gをトルエン100ml、イソプロピルアルコール(IPA)50mlの混合溶媒に溶かす。さらに、5%-Pd/Cを0.2g加え、水素雰囲気下、水素を吸収しなくなるまで室温で攪拌した。反応終了後、5%-Pd/Cをろ過で除き、減圧下にて溶媒を留去した。残留物をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル:50g、溶離液:トルエン/酢酸エチル=90/10(容量比))にて精製し、4,4’-ビス(2-(1,3-ジオキソラン-2-イル)エチル)ビフェニル(34)23gを得た。(収率99%)
第三工程で得られた、4,4’-ビス(2-(1,3-ジオキソラン-2-イル)エチル)ビフェニル(34)23gをトルエン100mlに溶かし、ギ酸10mlを加え、5時間加熱還流した。反応液を室温まで冷ました後、水150mlを加え分液した。採取した有機相を水で洗浄した後、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、減圧下にて溶媒を留去した。残留物をヘプタンとソルミックス混合溶媒から再結晶することにより、3,3’-(ビフェニル-4,4’-ジイル)ジプロパナール(35)9.4gを得た。(収率90%)
窒素雰囲気下の反応器中、第四工程で得られた、3,3’-(ビフェニル-4,4’-ジイル)ジプロパナール(35)9.4g、5-(エチルスルホニル)-1-フェニル-1H-テトラゾール(PT-Et)20.2gをエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル(DME)200mlに溶かした。この溶液を-50℃まで冷却し、カリウムヘキサメチルジシラザン(KHMDS)のテロラヒドロフラン溶液(0.91M)93.1mlを滴下した。滴下終了後、室温までゆっくり昇温しながら攪拌し、水を加えてクエンチし、分液した。水相をトルエン50mlで3回抽出し、有機相をあわせて水で洗浄した後、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、減圧下にて溶媒を留去した。残留物をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル:50g、溶離液:ヘプタン)にて処理し、ソルミックスから再結晶することにより、トランス-4,トランス-4’-ジ((E)-ペンタ-3-エニル)ビフェニル(1-1)6.4gを得た。(収率62.4%)
相転移温度:C 81.4 SE 101.2 Iso。
特開2009-084560号公報に開示された組成物の中から実施例12を選んだ。根拠は、この組成物が化合物(2-9-1)、化合物(3-1-1)、化合物(3-5-1)、化合物(3-6-1)、化合物(3-8-1)、化合物(4-11-1)、および化合物(4-15-1)を含有するからである。弾性定数についての記載がなかったため、本組成物を調合し、上述した方法により測定した。この組成物の成分および特性は下記のとおりである。
V2-BB-2V (-) 5%
3-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-9-1) 3%
4-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-9-1) 7%
V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 45%
1V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 6%
1-BB(F)B-2V (3-5-1) 8%
2-BB(F)B-2V (3-5-1) 6%
2-BBB(2F)-4 (3-6-1) 4%
5-HBBH-2 (3-8-1) 4%
5-HBB(2F)H-3 (3-9-1) 3%
3-HHBB(F,F)-F (4-11-1) 3%
4-HHBB(F,F)-F (4-11-1) 3%
5-GHB(F,F)-F (4-15-1) 3%
NI=90.2℃;Tc≦-20℃;Δn=0.130;Δε=2.2;Vth=2.70V;η=19.9mPa・s;γ1=57.0mPa・s;τ=6.3ms;K11=12.7pN;K22=8.6pN;K33=17.3pN;K=12.9N;VHR-1=99.3%;VHR-2=98.3%;VHR-1=98.3%.
[比較例1]においてV2-BB-2Vのみを化合物(1-1)と置換え、本組成物を調合し、上述した方法により測定した。
1V2-BB-2V1 (1-1) 5%
3-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-9-1) 3%
4-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-9-1) 7%
V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 45%
1V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 6%
1-BB(F)B-2V (3-5-1) 8%
2-BB(F)B-2V (3-5-1) 6%
2-BBB(2F)-4 (3-6-1) 4%
5-HBBH-2 (3-8-1) 4%
5-HBB(2F)H-3 (3-9-1) 3%
3-HHBB(F,F)-F (4-11-1) 3%
4-HHBB(F,F)-F (4-11-1) 3%
5-GHB(F,F)-F (4-15-1) 3%
NI=93.0℃;Tc≦-20℃;Δn=0.131;Δε=2.4;Vth=2.73V;η=20.0mPa・s;γ1=57.7mPa・s;τ=6.4ms;K11=14.2pN;K22=9.1pN;K33=19.0pN;K=14.1pN;VHR-1=99.5%;VHR-2=98.4%;VHR-1=98.3%.
実施例1は比較例1に比べて、高い上限温度(NI)、高い弾性定数(K)、かつ同等の粘度(η、γ1)を有する。よって、特許文献1に示された液晶組成物よりも、さらに優れた特性を有する。
1V2-BB-2V1 (1-1) 5%
3-BB(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-3-1) 3%
3-HBB(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-7-1) 5%
5-HBB(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-7-1) 5%
3-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-9-1) 3%
4-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-9-1) 8%
5-HH-O1 (3-1-1) 2%
V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 40%
1V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 8%
V-HHB-1 (3-3-1) 8%
V2-HHB-1 (3-3-1) 10%
2-BB(F)B-3 (3-5-1) 3%
NI=86.2℃;Tc≦-20℃;Δn=0.105;Δε=3.8;Vth=2.11V;η=17.5mPa・s;K11=13.2pN;K22=8.7pN;K33=18.7pN;K=13.5pN;VHR-1=99.4%;VHR-2=98.3%;VHR-1=98.2%.
1V2-BB-2V1 (1-1) 5%
3-HHXB(F,F)-F (2-1-1) 3%
3-HHXB(F)-OCF3 (2-2-1) 5%
3-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-9-1) 3%
4-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-9-1) 8%
5-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-9-1) 4%
3-HHXB(F)-F (2) 5%
V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 37%
1V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 10%
V-HHB-1 (3-3-1) 7%
V2-HHB-1 (3-3-1) 5%
1-BB(F)B-2V (3-5-1) 3%
3-HHB(F,F)-F (4-5-1) 5%
NI=87.1℃;Tc≦-20℃;Δn=0.101;Δε=3.7;Vth=2.14V;η=18.9mPa・s;K11=13.3pN;K22=8.7pN;K33=18.8pN;K=13.6pN;VHR-1=99.5%;VHR-2=98.4%;VHR-1=98.4%.
1V2-BB-2V1 (1-1) 5%
3-BB(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-3-1) 5%
3-HBBXB(F,F)-F (2-6-1) 5%
5-HBBXB(F,F)-F (2-6-1) 5%
4-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-9-1) 5%
2-HH-3 (3-1-1) 6%
V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 40%
3-HHB-1 (3-3-1) 5%
2-BB(F)B-3 (3-5-1) 6%
1-BB(F)B-2V (3-5-1) 5%
2-BB(F)B-2V (3-5-1) 8%
3-HB(F)HH-5 (3-7-1) 5%
NI=92.0℃;Tc≦-20℃;Δn=0.124;Δε=3.1;Vth=2.38V;η=17.3mPa・s;K11=14.1pN;K22=9.0pN;K33=19.0pN;K=14.0pN.
1V2-BB-2V1 (1-1) 6%
3-BB(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-3-1) 3%
3-HBB(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-7-1) 3%
5-HB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-8-1) 3%
3-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-9-1) 4%
5-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-9-1) 5%
V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 45%
3-HHB-O1 (3-3-1) 4%
2-BB(F)B-3 (3-5-1) 6%
1-BB(F)B-2V (3-5-1) 7%
3-BB(F)B-2V (3-5-1) 8%
5-HB(F)HH-V (3-7-1) 3%
3-BB(2F,5F)B-3 (3) 3%
NI=86.5℃;Tc≦-20℃;Δn=0.136;Δε=3.5;Vth=2.21V;η=19.1mPa・s;K11=13.2pN;K22=8.6pN;K33=18.6pN;K=13.5pN.
1V2-BB-2V1 (1-1) 7%
3-BB(F,F)XB(F)-OCF3 (2-4-1) 3%
3-BB(F,F)XB(F)-F (2-5-1) 3%
3-HBB(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-7-1) 5%
3-HB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-8-1) 3%
4-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-9-1) 5%
3-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F)-OCF3(2-11-1) 5%
2-HH-3 (3-1-1) 5%
V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 44%
3-HHB-3 (3-3-1) 5%
V2-HHB-1 (3-3-1) 5%
2-BBB(2F)-3 (3-6-1) 3%
3-HHEBH-3 (3-11-1) 4%
3-HHEBH-3 (3-11-1) 3%
NI=87.5℃;Tc≦-20℃;Δn=0.103;Δε=3.6;Vth=2.18V;η=18.7mPa・s;K11=13.3pN;K22=8.7pN;K33=18.7pN;K=13.5pN.
1V2-BB-2V1 (1-1) 5%
3-HHXB(F,F)-F (2-1-1) 5%
3-BB(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-3-1) 3%
4-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-9-1) 5%
V2-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F)-OCF3
(2-11) 3%
2-HH-3 (3-1-1) 10%
V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 25%
1V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 5%
5-HB-O2 (3-2-1) 3%
V-HHB-1 (3-3-1) 5%
V2-HHB-1 (3-3-1) 4%
3-HBB-2 (3-4-1) 3%
1-BB(F)B-2V (3-5-1) 4%
V2-BB(F)B-1 (3-5-1) 3%
3-HHEBH-4 (3-11-1) 3%
3-HB-CL (4-1-1) 3%
3-HHB-CL (4-4-1) 3%
3-HBB(F,F)-F (4-8-1) 5%
3-HHBB(F,F)-F (4-11-1) 3%
NI=88.4℃;Tc≦-20℃;Δn=0.109;Δε=3.3;Vth=2.29V;η=19.1mPa・s;K11=13.4pN;K22=8.7pN;K33=18.7pN;K=13.6pN.
1V2-BB-2V1 (1-1) 5%
3-HBB(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-7-1) 5%
5-HBB(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-7-1) 4%
4-BB(F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-9-1) 6%
V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 15%
V-HH-5 (3-1-1) 20%
1V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 4%
VFF-HH-3 (3-1) 15%
1-BBB(2F)-2V1 (3-6-1) 3%
5-HBB(F)B-3 (3-10-1) 5%
1V2-BB-CL (4-3) 3%
3-HBB-F (4-7-1) 5%
3-PyBB-F (4-10-1) 5%
5-PyBB-F (4-10-1) 5%
NI=89.5℃;Tc≦-20℃;Δn=0.125;Δε=3.6;Vth=2.18V;η=19.0mPa・s;K11=13.6pN;K22=8.8pN;K33=18.8pN;K=13.7pN.
1V2-BB-2V1 (1-1) 5%
1-BB(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-3-1) 3%
3-HBBXB(F,F)-F (2-6-1) 6%
5-HBB(F,F)XB(F,F)-F (2-7-1) 3%
V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 43%
1V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 7%
3-HHEBH-3 (3-11-1) 5%
1V2-BB-F (4-2) 3%
3-HHB-CL (4-4-1) 7%
5-HBEB(F,F)-F (4-6-1) 5%
5-HGB(F,F)-F (4-14-1) 5%
3-GHB(F,F)-F (4-15-1) 5%
5-HHBB(F)-F (4) 3%
NI=86.5℃;Tc≦-20℃;Δn=0.090;Δε=3.3;Vth=2.28V;η=19.4mPa・s;K11=13.2pN;K22=8.6pN;K33=18.6pN;K=13.5pN.
1V2-BB-2V1 (1-1) 5%
3-HHXB(F)-OCF3 (2-2-1) 5%
3-HBBXB(F,F)-F (2-6-1) 4%
4-HBBXB(F,F)-F (2-6-1) 5%
3-BB(F,F)B(F,F)XB(F,F)-F
(2-10-1) 3%
V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 45%
1V-HH-3 (3-1-1) 7%
5-HBB(F,F)-F (4-8-1) 5%
5-BB(F)B(F,F)-F (4-9-1) 5%
3-HHB(F)B(F,F)-F (4-12-1) 5%
5-HHEB(F,F)-F (4-13-1) 3%
5-HHB(F)-F (4) 5%
5-HBBH-1O1 (-) 3%
NI=85.8℃;Tc≦-20℃;Δn=0.094;Δε=3.2;Vth=2.30V;η=18.4mPa・s;K11=13.2pN;K22=8.7pN;K33=18.7pN;K=13.5pN.
Claims (26)
- 第一成分として式(1)で表される化合物、および第二成分として式(2)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有し、そしてネマチック相を有する液晶組成物。
ここで、R1およびR2は独立して、炭素数1から8のアルキルであり;R3は、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または任意の水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニルであり;環Aおよび環Bは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、または3,5-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレンであり;X1およびX2は独立して、水素またはフッ素であり;Y1は、フッ素、塩素、またはトリフルオロメトキシであり;mは、1、2、または3であり、nは、0、1、または2であり、そしてmとnの和は3以下である。 - 第二成分が式(2-1)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物である請求項3に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第二成分が式(2-3)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物である請求項3に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第二成分が式(2-6)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物である請求項3に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第二成分が式(2-9)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物である請求項3に記載の液晶組成物。
- 液晶組成物の全重量に基づいて、第一成分の含有割合が3重量%から30重量%の範囲であり、そして第二成分の含有割合が5重量%から70重量%の範囲である請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第三成分として式(3)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物をさらに含有する、請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
ここで、R4およびR5は独立して、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または任意の水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニルであり;環Cおよび環Dは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、または2,5-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレンであり;Z1は独立して、単結合、エチレン、またはカルボニルオキシであり;pは、1、2、または3であり、pが1のとき環Cは1,4-シクロへキシレンである。 - 第三成分が、式(3-1)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物である請求項10に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第三成分が、式(3-3)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物である請求項10に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第三成分が、式(3-5)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物である請求項10に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第三成分が、式(3-10)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物である請求項10に記載の液晶組成物。
- 液晶組成物の全重量に基づいて、第三成分の含有割合が30重量%から80重量%の範囲である請求項9から14のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第四成分として式(4)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物をさらに含有する、請求項1から15のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
ここで、R3は、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または任意の水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニルであり;環Eは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,3-ジオキサン-2,5-ジイル、1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3,5-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、または2,5-ピリミジンであり;Z2は独立して、単結合、エチレン、またはカルボニルオキシであり;X1およびX2は独立して、水素またはフッ素であり;Y1は、フッ素、塩素、またはトリフルオロメトキシであり;qは、1、2、または3である。 - 第四成分が、式(4-8)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物である請求項17に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第四成分が、式(4-9)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物である請求項17に記載の液晶組成物。
- 液晶組成物の全重量に基づいて、第四成分の含有割合が5重量%から50重量%の範囲である請求項16から19のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- ネマチック相の上限温度が70℃以上であり、波長589nmにおける光学異方性(25℃)が0.08以上であり、そして周波数1kHzにおける誘電率異方性(25℃)が2以上である請求項1から20のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 請求項1から21のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物を含有する液晶表示素子。
- 液晶表示素子の動作モードが、TNモード、OCBモード、またはIPSモードであり、液晶表示素子の駆動方式がアクティブマトリックス方式である請求項22に記載の液晶表示素子。
- 少なくとも一方が透明な一対の基板からなり、これらの基板間に挟持された液晶組成物を有する、配向層、偏光板および透明電極を備えた液晶表示素子であって、請求項1から21のいずれか1項記載の液晶組成物、または請求項24に記載の液晶化合物を含有する液晶表示素子。
- 請求項25に記載の液晶表示素子に含有する25℃における弾性定数(K)が13pN以上である液晶組成物。
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