WO2011016386A1 - ステントデリバリーシステム - Google Patents
ステントデリバリーシステム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011016386A1 WO2011016386A1 PCT/JP2010/062810 JP2010062810W WO2011016386A1 WO 2011016386 A1 WO2011016386 A1 WO 2011016386A1 JP 2010062810 W JP2010062810 W JP 2010062810W WO 2011016386 A1 WO2011016386 A1 WO 2011016386A1
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- Prior art keywords
- stent
- tube
- distal
- delivery system
- distal end
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/95—Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/89—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure the wire-like elements comprising two or more adjacent rings flexibly connected by separate members
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/95—Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts
- A61F2/9517—Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts handle assemblies therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/95—Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts
- A61F2/962—Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts having an outer sleeve
- A61F2/966—Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts having an outer sleeve with relative longitudinal movement between outer sleeve and prosthesis, e.g. using a push rod
- A61F2002/9665—Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts having an outer sleeve with relative longitudinal movement between outer sleeve and prosthesis, e.g. using a push rod with additional retaining means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stent delivery system for placing a stent in a stenosis or occlusion formed in a living body such as a blood vessel, a bile duct, a trachea, an esophagus, a urethra, a digestive tract, or other organs.
- stents are secured in stenosis or occlusions formed in living or body cavities such as blood vessels, bile ducts, esophagus, trachea, urethra, gastrointestinal tract and other organs to secure lumens or body cavity spaces
- a delivery system has been proposed.
- the stent constituting the stent delivery system includes a balloon-expandable stent and a self-expandable stent depending on the function and the placement method.
- Balloon-expandable stents do not have an expansion function.
- the stent is expanded (plasticity) by the expansion force of the balloon. Deformation) and tightly contact the inner surface of the target site.
- a self-expanding stent has a contraction and expansion function.
- the stress applied to maintain the contracted state is removed after the stent is inserted into the target site in the contracted state.
- the stent is contracted and stored in a sheath having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the target site, and after the distal end of the sheath reaches the target site, the stent is pushed out of the sheath.
- the extruded stent is released from the sheath to release the stress load, and restores and expands to the shape before contraction. Thereby, it adheres and is fixed to the inner surface of the target part. Since this type of stent has an expansion force, the stent itself does not need to be expanded like a balloon-expandable stent, and there is no problem that the diameter gradually decreases due to blood pressure or the like and restenosis occurs.
- self-expanding stents are generally said to be more difficult to place accurately than balloon expandable stents.
- the reason for this is that in a balloon-expandable stent, after the stent is placed in a target stenosis, only a liquid is injected into the balloon, so that the stent does not move back and forth when the stent is expanded.
- the structure of the delivery system for self-expanding stents is that the stent is accommodated and restrained between the inner tube and the outer tube, and a locking portion for restricting the movement of the stent is provided on the stent proximal end side of the inner tube.
- the stent By pulling the tube proximally, the stent is released and self-expanded. At this time, slack in the body cavity of the outer tube, friction between the outer tube and the catheter introducing the body cavity or the outer tube, or friction with a valve of a device called an introducer for introducing the system into the body, etc. Because of this, it is said that the stent is easy to advance when it expands.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-272261, US Patent Publication No. 2010/0076541, European Patent Publication No. 2143404
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-272262, US Patent Publication. 2010/0076541, European Patent Publication No. 2143404.
- the stent delivery system 1 of Patent Document 1 includes a distal tube 2, a proximal tube 4, a slide tube 7 disposed so as to be close to the proximal end of the stent housing tubular member 5, and a distal tube.
- the slide tube 7 includes a ring-shaped member 75 that can move to the proximal end side by pulling the pulling wire 6, is housed inside, and can move with the slide tube to which the pulling wire is fixed.
- the opening for taking out the guide wire inserted from the distal end opening of the distal end side tube is provided in the fixed tube, not the proximal end of the delivery system. It is easy to replace the stent delivery system. Since the stent can be released by pulling the pulling wire to the proximal end side, the movement of the stent position during the stent discharging operation is extremely small. Furthermore, there is an advantage that unnecessary bending or damage of the catheter due to excessive winding of the wire that pulls the stent-accommodating tubular member toward the proximal end side does not occur.
- JP 2008-272261 A (US Patent Publication No. 2010/0076541, European Patent Publication No. 2143404)
- JP 2008-272262 A (US Patent Publication No. 2010/0076541, European Patent Publication No. 2143404)
- an object of the present invention is a stent delivery system using a self-expanding stent, which is easy to perform a priming operation before use and can easily and reliably perform a stent placement operation. It is to provide.
- the distal end tube having a guide wire lumen, the proximal end side tube, and the proximal end portion of the distal end side tube and the distal end portion of the proximal end side tube are fixed so as not to block the rear end opening of the distal end side tube.
- a fixed tube a stent-accommodating tubular member that encloses the distal end side of the distal-end side tube and is slidable in the proximal direction of the distal-end side tube, and is accommodated in the stent-accommodating tubular member
- One end of the stent is fixed to the stent-accommodating tubular member, extends in the proximal tube, and is pulled toward the proximal end of the proximal tube, thereby making the stent-accommodating tubular member a base.
- a stent delivery system comprising at least one puller wire for movement to the end,
- the stent is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, is stored in the stent-accommodating tubular member in a compressed state in the central axis direction, and can be expanded outward when released from the stent-accommodating tubular member.
- the distal end tube is positioned on the distal end side of the distal end side tube, contacts the proximal end of the stent housed in the stent housing tubular member, and restricts movement of the stent toward the proximal end side.
- a proximal end portion of the stent, a distal slit for priming provided on the side wall close to the proximal end portion of the stent, and a proximal end for priming provided on the proximal side wall of the distal tube With side slits, The priming distal slit and the priming proximal slit are opened by injecting liquid into the guide wire lumen in a state where the distal end opening or the rear end opening of the guide wire lumen is closed. Delivery system.
- the distal end side tube having the guide wire lumen, the proximal end side tube, and the proximal end portion of the distal end side tube and the distal end of the proximal end side tube so as not to block the rear end opening of the distal end side tube
- a fixed tube with a fixed portion a stent storage tubular member that encloses the distal end side of the distal end tube and is slidable in the proximal direction of the distal end tube, and is accommodated in the stent storage tubular member
- the stent storage tubular member is fixed to the proximal end of the stent and the proximal end of the proximal end tube is pulled to the proximal end side by being fixed to the stent and the stent storage tubular member.
- the distal tube includes a priming distal slit provided on the side wall adjacent to the stent proximal end locking portion, and a priming proximal slit provided on the proximal side wall of the distal tube.
- a liquid is injected into the guide wire lumen in a state where the distal end opening or the rear end opening of the guide wire lumen is sealed, so that it is formed inside the distal end tube and outside the distal end tube of the stent delivery system.
- the priming operation of the space can be easily performed. Further, the priming distal slit and the priming proximal slit are opened by injecting liquid into the guide wire lumen in a state where the distal end opening or the rear end opening of the guide wire lumen is closed.
- the priming distal slit and the priming proximal slit are substantially closed in a normal state, and there are few kinks due to the priming opening, and the priming opening during in vivo placement work It is possible to suppress blood circulation caused by the blood flow.
- the priming opening (slit in the present invention) of the inner tube which was conventionally only the base end portion, is applied to the distal end (the inner tube of the portion that is in the stent housing tubular member).
- by making the opening for priming into a slit in the case of a small-diameter distal end side tube, it does not cause damage and does not trigger a kink.
- FIG. 1 is a partially omitted external view of a stent delivery system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged external view of the distal end portion of the stent delivery system of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the stent delivery system of FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the stent delivery system of FIG. 1 in the vicinity of the proximal end portion of the stent housing tubular member and the distal end portion of the slide tube.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the stent delivery system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the stent delivery system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of a stent delivery system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of a stent delivery system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the stent delivery system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the stent delivery system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of a stent delivery system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is an external view of an example of a stent used in the stent delivery system of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is an enlarged front view of the vicinity of the operation unit of the stent delivery system of the present invention. 17 is a rear view of the vicinity of the operation unit of the stent delivery system shown in FIG.
- FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the internal structure of the operation unit of the stent delivery system shown in FIG. 16.
- FIG. 19 is a right side view of only the operation portion of the stent delivery system shown in FIG.
- FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the internal structure of the operation unit of the stent delivery system shown in FIG. 16.
- FIG. 1 is a partially omitted external view of a stent delivery system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged external view of the distal end portion of the stent delivery system of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the stent delivery system of FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a partially omitted external view of a stent delivery system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged external view of the distal end portion of the stent delivery system of FIG.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line EE of FIG.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the proximal end of the stent housing tubular member and the distal end of the slide tube of the stent delivery system of FIG. 10 and 11 are explanatory views for explaining the operation of the stent delivery system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the stent delivery system 1 of the present invention includes a distal end tube 2 having a guide wire lumen 21, a proximal end tube 4, and a proximal end portion of the distal end tube 2 so as not to close the rear end opening of the distal end side tube 2.
- a pulling wire 6 (6a, 6b) for moving the stent housing tubular member 5 to the proximal end side is provided.
- the stent 3 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, is stored in the stent-accommodating tubular member 5 in a state compressed in the central axis direction, and expands outward when released from the stent-accommodating tubular member 5. It restores the shape before compression.
- the distal tube 2 is located on the distal side of the distal tube 2 and abuts with the proximal end of the stent 3 housed in the stent housing tubular member 5 to move the stent 3 toward the proximal end.
- the stent proximal end locking portion 22 to be controlled, the priming distal slit 45 provided on the side wall close to the stent proximal end locking portion 22, and the proximal side wall of the distal tube 2 are provided. And a priming-side slit 46 for priming.
- the priming distal slit 45 and the priming proximal slit 46 are opened by injecting liquid into the guide wire lumen 21 with the distal opening 25a or the rear opening 23 of the guide wire lumen 21 closed. It has become a thing.
- the outer diameter of the proximal end side tube 4 is smaller than the outer diameter of the maximum diameter portion on the distal end side from the proximal end side tube 4 of the stent delivery system 1. For this reason, even in the state where the guide wire extending from the opening 23 to the proximal side is along the side surface of the proximal tube, the outer diameter of the proximal tube is the maximum on the distal side of the proximal tube of the stent delivery system.
- the outer diameter of the diameter portion can be approximately the same, and insertion into a narrow blood vessel is possible.
- the pulling wire 6 is wound around the proximal end portion of the proximal tube 4 and the tubular member 5 for accommodating the stent is moved toward the proximal end.
- a take-off mechanism is provided.
- the stent delivery system 1 of this embodiment includes a distal tube 2, a stent 3, a proximal tube 4, a stent storage tubular member 5, a puller wire 6, a slide tube 7, a fixed tube 8 and a retractor wire 6.
- An operation unit 10 having a mechanism is provided.
- the fixed tube 8 connects the distal end side tube 2 and the proximal end side tube 4 and includes an opening 23 that communicates with the proximal end portion of the distal end side tube 2.
- the distal-side tube 2 is a tube body having a guide wire lumen 21 that penetrates from the distal end to the proximal end, and a distal end portion is formed by a distal end member 25 fixed to the distal end. And a tip opening 25a is provided at the tip thereof.
- the distal end portion may be formed integrally with the distal end side tube.
- the distal tube 2 is fixed to the fixed tube 8 at the proximal end.
- the proximal end of the distal tube 2 communicates with an opening 23 formed in the fixed tube 8. Further, the proximal end portion of the distal end side tube 2 is curved as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIGS.
- the opening 23 is formed obliquely so as to incline toward the base end side. This facilitates guide wire guidance.
- the distal tube 2 is a tube body having a guide wire lumen 21 penetrating from the distal end to the proximal end.
- the distal tube 2 has an outer diameter of 0.3 to 2.0 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 mm, and an inner diameter of 0.2 to 1.5 mm, preferably 0.3 to 1.2 mm.
- the length is 20 to 600 mm, preferably 30 to 500 mm.
- the distal end member 25 is located on the distal end side of the distal end of the stent-accommodating tubular member 5 and is formed in a tapered shape that gradually decreases in diameter toward the distal end as shown in FIGS. Preferably it is. By forming in this way, the insertion into the constricted portion is facilitated. Moreover, it is preferable that the distal end side tube 2 is provided with a stopper that is provided on the distal end side relative to the stent 3 and prevents movement of the stent housing tubular member in the distal end direction. In this embodiment, the proximal end of the distal end member 25 can be brought into contact with the distal end of the stent housing tubular member 5 and functions as the stopper.
- the outer diameter of the most distal end portion of the tip member (tip portion) 25 is preferably 0.5 to 1.8 mm. Further, the outer diameter of the maximum diameter portion of the tip member (tip portion) 25 is preferably 0.8 to 4.0 mm. Further, the length of the tip side tapered portion is preferably 2.0 to 20.0 mm.
- the distal side tube 2 is provided at a position that is a predetermined distance proximal side from the distal end of the tube 2 in order to restrict movement of the stent 3 toward the proximal side.
- a stent proximal end locking portion 22 is provided.
- the locking part 22 is preferably an annular protrusion.
- the distal end side of the stent proximal end locking portion 22 is a stent accommodation site.
- the outer diameter of the locking portion 22 is large enough to contact the proximal end of the compressed stent 3. Even if the stent-accommodating tubular member 5 moves to the proximal end side, the stent 3 is maintained in position by the locking portion 22, and is consequently released from the stent-accommodating tubular member 5.
- the distal tube 2 has a predetermined length (substantially the axial length of the stent) from the distal end side of the stent proximal end locking portion 22 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- a stent distal end locking portion 26 provided at a position is provided. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the stent distal end portion locking portion 26 is located slightly on the proximal end side from the distal end of the stent housing tubular member 5.
- the locking portion 26 is preferably an annular protrusion. And between this stent front-end
- the outer diameter of the locking portion 26 is large enough to contact the distal end of the compressed stent 3.
- the stent distal end locking portion 26 has a tapered surface whose proximal end surface is reduced in diameter toward the proximal direction. Therefore, when the stent is released, the stent distal end locking portion 26 does not become an obstacle, and the stent delivery system 1 is recovered after the release of the stent 3 (specifically, into the guiding sheath or the sheath). Storage) becomes easy.
- the outer diameters of the stent proximal end locking portion 22 and the stent distal end locking portion 26 are preferably 0.5 to 4.0 mm.
- the stent proximal end locking portion 22 and the stent distal end locking portion 26 are preferably annular projections as shown in the figure, but may be any one that restricts the movement of the stent 3 and can be extruded.
- One or a plurality of protrusions may be provided integrally with the distal end side tube 2 or as separate members.
- the stent proximal end locking portion 22 and the stent distal end locking portion 26 may be formed of separate members made of an X-ray contrast material.
- the position of the stent can be accurately grasped under X-ray imaging, and the procedure becomes easier.
- the X-ray contrast material for example, gold, platinum, platinum-iridium alloy, silver, stainless steel, platinum, or alloys thereof are suitable.
- the protrusion is attached by forming a wire with an X-ray contrast material and winding it around the outer surface of the distal tube, or forming or bonding a pipe with the X-ray contrast material.
- the distal tube 2 is provided with a priming distal slit 45 provided on the side wall adjacent to the stent proximal end locking portion 22.
- a plurality of priming distal slits 45 are provided in the axial direction of the distal tube 2.
- the number of slits 45 is preferably about 2 to 5.
- the priming tip side slit 45 is formed so as to extend in the axial direction of the tip side tube 2.
- the priming tip side slit 45 is preferably formed so as to be substantially parallel to the central axis of the tip side tube 2.
- the priming distal slit 45 is preferably provided on the distal and proximal sidewalls relative to the stent proximal locking portion 22.
- a plurality of (specifically, two) slits 45 are provided on the side wall on the distal end side of the stent proximal end locking portion 22, and the stent proximal end locking portion 22 A slit 45 is also provided on the proximal side wall.
- the distal tube 2 includes a priming proximal slit 46 provided on the proximal wall of the distal tube 2.
- a plurality of priming proximal slits 46 are provided in the axial direction of the distal tube 2.
- the number of slits 46 is preferably about 2 to 5.
- the priming proximal slit 46 is formed to extend in the axial direction of the distal tube 2.
- the priming proximal slit 46 is preferably formed so as to be substantially parallel to the central axis of the distal tube 2.
- a slide tube locking portion 24 is provided in the fixed tube 8, specifically, at a position that becomes the proximal end portion of the distal end side fixed tube 81 as shown in FIG. 3. It has been.
- the priming proximal slit 46 is provided on the side wall close to the slide tube locking portion 24.
- a plurality of (specifically, two) slits 46 are provided on the side wall on the distal end side from the slide tube locking portion 24, and the proximal end from the slide tube locking portion 24.
- a slit 46 is also provided on the side wall.
- the priming distal slit 45 and the priming proximal slit 46 are not opened in a normal state. Specifically, the slits 45 and 46 are so-called cuts and have no width. For this reason, the slits 45 and 46 are opened by injecting liquid in a state where the front end opening 25a or the rear end opening 23 of the guide wire lumen 21 is closed. In addition, the slits 45 and 46 do not substantially circulate even if liquid is injected without closing the distal end opening 25a or the rear end opening 23 of the guide wire lumen 21 of the distal tube 2. Yes.
- the length of the priming tip side slit 45 varies depending on the number of slits to be provided, but is preferably 0.5 to 5 mm, particularly preferably 1 to 3 mm.
- the priming distal slit 45 and the priming proximal slit 46 can be easily formed without using dedicated processing equipment, an excimer laser device, or the like. Since the slits 45 and 46 are thin cuts, even if the inner tube is bent, the portions are less likely to be kinked.
- the slits 45 and 46 are moved, for example, by inserting a metal core into the tube on the distal end side, setting it on a slit mask having a slit forming window, inserting a cutter into the window, and drawing a line.
- the stent delivery system 1 of the present invention has both the priming front end slit 45 and the priming proximal end slit 46, liquid flows from both during priming, and the priming is performed smoothly and in a short time at low pressure. It can be performed.
- the material for forming the distal end tube is preferably a material having hardness and flexibility, such as polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyesters such as polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate, fluorine-based polymers such as ETFE, PEEK, and the like. (Polyetheretherketone), polyimide and the like can be preferably used. In particular, among the above resins, a resin having thermoplasticity is preferable.
- the exposed outer surface of the distal tube may be coated with a material having biocompatibility, particularly antithrombotic properties.
- antithrombogenic material for example, polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate, a copolymer of hydroxyethyl methacrylate and styrene (for example, HEMA-St-HEMA block copolymer) and the like can be preferably used.
- the distal end portion is constituted by a member separate from the distal end side tube, it is preferable to use a material having flexibility as the distal end portion (tip member) 25.
- olefinic elastomer eg, polyethylene elastomer, polypropylene elastomer
- polyamide elastomer e.g. polyethylene elastomer, polypropylene elastomer
- styrenic elastomer eg, styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer, styrene-isoprene-styrene copolymer, styrene-ethylenebutylene-styrene copolymer
- polyurethane urethane Rubbers such as synthetic resin elastomers such as fluoroelastomers and fluororesin elastomers, synthetic rubbers such as urethane rubber, silicone rubber and butadiene rubber, and natural
- the distal end side tube 2 may include a reinforcing layer 28 provided entirely or partially.
- the priming front end side slit 45 and the priming base end side slit 46 may be provided in a portion where the reinforcing layer 28 is formed.
- the reinforcing layer 28 may be provided in a portion excluding the slit forming portion of the distal end side tube 2.
- the distal end side tube may not have a reinforcing layer.
- the reinforcing layer is preferably a mesh-like reinforcing layer.
- the mesh-like reinforcing layer is preferably formed by blade lines.
- it is a wire blade, and can be formed of a metal wire such as stainless steel, elastic metal, superelastic alloy, shape memory alloy, etc. having a wire diameter of 0.01 to 0.3 mm, preferably 0.03 to 0.2 mm.
- a metal wire such as stainless steel, elastic metal, superelastic alloy, shape memory alloy, etc. having a wire diameter of 0.01 to 0.3 mm, preferably 0.03 to 0.2 mm.
- synthetic fibers such as a polyamide fiber, a polyester fiber, and a polypropylene fiber.
- the outer surface of the distal tube 2 and the inner surface of the stent 3 are preferably covered with a slidable substance.
- a slidable substance is also applied to the inner surface of the distal tube 2, the inner surface of the stent-accommodating tubular member 5, the inner surface of the slide tube main body 71, the inner surface of the fixed tube 81, and the inner surface of the ring-shaped member 41. It is more preferable. In addition, although it is preferable that the slidable substance is the whole of each surface, a part may be sufficient as it. By doing in this way, the movement of the stent-accommodating tubular member 5 and the ring-shaped member 41 becomes better. Further, the sliding of the guide wire is also good.
- the slidable material is preferably silicone oil or silicone resin.
- the silicone oil those conforming to the silicone oil standard (II: Medical Machine No. 327, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pharmacy Medical) or foreign standards equivalent to or higher than this are preferably used.
- a silicone resin the solidified material of the silicone solution which has a dimethylpolysiloxane etc. as a main component is suitable.
- a slit adhesion-suppressing substance is attached to the inner surfaces of the priming front end side slit 45 and the priming base end side slit 46. By attaching the slit adhesion suppressing substance, the slit can be easily opened during priming.
- the slit adhesion suppressing substance those described above as the slidable substance can be preferably used.
- the application of the slidable substance to can be carried out by the same operation as the priming described later using the priming front slit and the priming proximal slit.
- the cap member 47 is attached to the distal end member 25, the distal end opening 25a is closed, and in this state, the opening 23 of the fixed tube 8 is filled with a slidable substance-containing liquid (for example, liquid silicone).
- a slidable substance-containing liquid is injected into the distal tube 2.
- the priming distal slit 45 and the priming proximal slit 46 are opened, and the slidable substance-containing liquid is contained in the distal tube and distal tube of the stent delivery system. It flows into the space formed outside. And a slidable substance can be coat
- the adhesion of the slit adhesion-suppressing substance to the inner surfaces of the priming distal slit 45 and the priming proximal slit 46 can be performed by the same operation as described above.
- the same material as the slidable substance is used as the slit adhesion suppressing substance, it can be simultaneously performed by injecting the slidable substance-containing liquid into the distal end side tube 2.
- the above operation may be performed by sealing the opening 23 of the fixed tube 8 with a seal member or the like and mounting the syringe filled with the sliding material-containing liquid on the tip member 25.
- the distal tube 2 and the distal member 25 are formed as separate members, and the distal tube 2 has a stopper member 27 fixed to the distal portion.
- the stopper member 27 includes a cylindrical portion fixed to the distal end side tube 2 and a skirt portion that extends in a tapered shape from the cylindrical portion.
- the stopper member 27 is embedded in the tip member 25 to prevent the tip member 25 from being detached and moved to the tip side.
- the stopper member 27 is preferably formed of metal (for example, stainless steel).
- the proximal tube 4 is a tube body that penetrates from the distal end to the proximal end, and includes an operation unit 10 that is fixed to the proximal end.
- the distal end portion of the proximal end side tube 4 is joined to the fixed tube 8 by a fixing member 84.
- the proximal tube 4 includes a pulling wire lumen through which the pulling wire 6 can be inserted.
- the proximal side tube 4 has a length of 300 to 1500 mm, more preferably 700 to 1400 mm, an outer diameter of 0.5 to 1.5 mm, preferably 0.6 to 1.3 mm, and an inner diameter of It is 0.3 to 1.4 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1.2 mm.
- the distance of deviation between the central axis of the proximal tube 4 and the central axis of the distal tube 2 is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 mm, particularly preferably 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
- the material for forming the proximal tube is preferably a material having hardness and flexibility.
- polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, fluoropolymers such as nylon, polyethylene terephthalate, and ETFE, and PEEK (polyethylene). Ether ether ketone), polyimide and the like can be preferably used.
- the outer surface of the proximal tube may be coated with a material having biocompatibility, particularly antithrombotic properties.
- the antithrombogenic material for example, polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate, a copolymer of hydroxyethyl methacrylate and styrene (for example, HEMA-St-HEMA block copolymer) or the like can be used.
- a material with comparatively high rigidity For example, a metal such as Ni—Ti, brass, stainless steel, or aluminum, or a resin having relatively high rigidity, such as vinyl chloride or polycarbonate, can be used.
- the stent-housing tubular member 5 is a tubular body having a predetermined length as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and 9, and the front end and the rear end are open.
- the distal end opening functions as a discharge port of the stent 3 when the stent 3 is placed in a stenosis in the body cavity.
- the length of the stent-housing tubular member 5 is preferably about 20 to 400 mm, and more preferably 30 to 300 mm.
- the outer diameter is preferably about 0.8 to 4.0 mm, particularly preferably 1.5 to 3.0 mm.
- the inner diameter of the stent-housing tubular member 5 is preferably about 1.0 to 2.5 mm.
- the stent-accommodating tubular member 5 includes a tubular member body 51 having a small-diameter portion 51a provided at the proximal end portion, and a tubular portion 52 provided so as to enclose the small-diameter portion 51a. I have. Note that the base end portion of the small diameter portion 51 a protrudes from the cylindrical portion 52. Specifically, the distal end portion 69 (69a, 69b) of the pulling wire 6 (6a, 6b) enters the space formed between the small diameter portion 51a and the cylindrical portion 52, and the fixing agent filled in the space.
- the small-diameter portion 51a includes a tapered portion whose outer diameter is reduced toward the proximal end side, and a short cylindrical portion extending from the tapered portion toward the proximal end side.
- the cylindrical part 52 is being fixed to the base end part of the cylindrical member main-body part 51 so that the reduced diameter part 51a of the cylindrical member main-body part 51 may be enclosed.
- the small diameter part 51a of the cylindrical member main-body part 51 comprises the cyclic
- An annular void portion is formed between the annular protrusion and the inner surface of the stent-accommodating tubular member 5 (specifically, the distal end portion of the tubular portion 52).
- the distal end portion 69 (69a, 69b) of the pulling wire 6 (6a, 6b) is fixed on the outer surface of the small diameter portion 51a.
- the void portion is filled with a fixing agent (adhesive), and the cylindrical member main body 51 and the cylindrical portion 52 are integrated.
- tip portions (fixed points) 69 (69a, 69b) of the pulling wires 6 (6a, 6b) to be described later are fixed to the cylindrical member 5 by a fixing agent or the like filled in the annular gap.
- the fixing agent it is preferable to use an adhesive such as an epoxy resin, an ultraviolet curable resin, or a cyanoacrylate resin, but it may be heat fusion.
- the tubular member body 51 and the tubular portion 52 have substantially the same outer diameter.
- the outer diameter of the stent housing portion is preferably about 1.0 to 4.0 mm, and more preferably 1.5 to 3.0 mm.
- the length of the stent-housing tubular member 5 is preferably about 20 to 400 mm, and particularly preferably 30 to 300 mm.
- the length of the cylindrical member main body 51 is preferably about 10 to 200 mm, particularly preferably 15 to 150 mm
- the length of the cylindrical portion 52 is preferably about 10 to 200 mm, particularly 15 to 150 mm. 150 mm is preferred.
- the cylindrical member 5 for stent accommodation it is not limited to what consists of the cylindrical member main-body part 51 and the cylindrical part 52 which were mentioned above, The integral thing may be sufficient.
- the slide tube 7 is disposed such that the distal end thereof is close to the proximal end of the stent housing tubular member 5.
- the slide tube 7 can be stored in the fixed tube 8 from the base end side.
- the slide tube 7 may be one that can be fitted to the fixed tube 8 from the base end side.
- the slide tube 7 can move to the proximal end side together with the stent housing tubular member 5 by pulling the pulling wire 6, and is not fixed to the stent housing tubular member 5.
- the slide tube 7 is fixed to the slide tube main body 71 and the distal end portion of the slide tube main body 71, and the distal end of the slide tube main body 71 is attached to the slide tube main body 71.
- a distal end side cylindrical member 72 that covers and extends from the distal end of the slide tube main body 71 toward the distal end side of the stent delivery system 1.
- the front end side cylindrical member 72 is an integrally formed cylindrical body which has a reduced diameter portion 73 which is located between the front end and the base end of the front end side cylindrical member 72 and whose inner diameter is reduced.
- the inner diameter of the reduced diameter portion 73 is substantially equal to, slightly larger or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the slide tube main body 71.
- the distal side tubular member 72 has at least the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the portion other than the reduced diameter portion 73 than the slide tube main body 71. It has become big.
- the reduced diameter portion 73 is located between the distal end and the proximal end of the distal end side cylindrical member 72, specifically, slightly proximally from the distal end.
- the ring-shaped member 41 is accommodated between the distal end of the slide tube main body 71 and the reduced diameter portion 73 of the distal-end-side cylindrical member 72.
- the pulling wires 6 a and 6 b are fixed to the ring-shaped member 41.
- the inner diameter of the reduced diameter portion 73 of the distal end side tubular member 72 is larger than the outer diameter of the distal end side tube 2.
- the distal end side cylindrical member 72 is movable to the proximal end side without contacting the distal end side tube 2.
- the inner diameter of the reduced diameter portion 73 of the distal end side cylindrical member 72 is smaller than the outer diameter of the ring-shaped member 41.
- the movement of the ring-shaped member 41 in the distal direction is restricted. Then, when the pulling wires 6 a and 6 b are pulled toward the proximal end, the slide tube 7 moves toward the proximal end together with the ring-shaped member 41. Further, the ring-shaped member 41 is not fixed to either the slide tube main body 71 or the distal end side cylindrical member 72, and rotates between the distal end of the slide tube main body 71 and the reduced diameter portion 73 of the distal end side cylindrical member 72. It is stored movably.
- the cylindrical member 72 on the distal end side of the slide tube 7 allows the ring-shaped member 41 to turn and substantially prevents large movement in the axial direction by the reduced diameter portion 73 and the distal end of the slide tube main body 71. Yes.
- the ring-shaped member 41 is rotatable with respect to the slide tube 7, so that the ring-shaped member 41 and the pulling wire are rotated with respect to the rotation of the distal end side cylindrical member 72 (slide tube 7).
- the fixed portion and the pulling wire itself are difficult to follow.
- the ring-shaped member 41 in this embodiment includes a plastic outer cylinder member 42, a plastic outer cylinder member 43 inserted into the plastic outer cylinder member 42, a plastic outer cylinder member 42, and a plastic outer cylinder member.
- the pulling wires 6 a and 6 b penetrate between the plastic outer cylinder member 42 and the plastic outer cylinder member 43 and are fixed to the ring-shaped member 41 with an adhesive 44.
- the plastic outer cylinder member 42 and the plastic outer cylinder member 43 those having a low frictional resistance are preferable.
- fluorine-based polymers such as ETFE, PEEK (polyetheretherketone), and polyimide can be suitably used.
- the slide tube 7 is fixed to the slide tube main body 71 and a distal end portion thereof, and a distal end side cylindrical member 72 having an outer diameter and an inner diameter larger than those of the slide tube main body 71.
- the distal end member 72 of the slide tube 7 includes a distal end portion 74 and a proximal end portion, and a distance between the distal end portion and the proximal end portion (specifically, slightly more proximal than the distal end).
- the diameter-reduced portion 73 provided at the end side position is provided. In this embodiment, the reduced diameter portion 73 is reduced in both the outer diameter and the inner diameter.
- the reduced diameter portion 73 may reduce only the inner diameter. As described above, the inner diameter of the reduced diameter portion 73 is somewhat larger than the outer diameter of the distal end side tube 2 and smaller than the outer diameter of the ring-shaped member 41. Further, the reduced diameter portion 73 extends in the axial direction with a substantially the same inner diameter as a predetermined length. For this reason, deformation of the distal end side cylindrical member 72 during pulling of the pulling wire (in other words, movement of the distal end side cylindrical member 72 toward the proximal end side) is reduced, and favorable movement is possible. The proximal end portion of the distal end side cylindrical member 72 is fixed to the distal end portion of the slide tube main body 71 with an adhesive 77.
- a resin ring 76 may be disposed between the ring-shaped member 41 and the tip of the slide tube main body 71 to prevent the adhesive 77 from flowing into the ring-shaped member 41. Further, the distal end portion of the slide tube main body 71 enters the proximal end portion of the distal end side cylindrical member 72 and is separated from the reduced diameter portion 73 by a predetermined distance. Thus, an annular recess that forms a ring-shaped member holding portion is formed between the distal end portion of the slide tube main body 71 and the reduced diameter portion 73 of the distal end side cylindrical member 72. And the ring-shaped member 41 is accommodated in this annular recessed part which is a ring-shaped member holding part.
- the ring-shaped member 41 Since the ring-shaped member 41 is not fixed to either the slide tube main body 71 or the distal-end-side cylindrical member 72, the ring-shaped member 41 is rotatable. However, the movement in the axial direction in the slide tube 7 is impossible except for the clearance.
- the pull wires 6a and 6b are fixed inside the ring-shaped member 41 as shown in FIG. By pulling the pulling wires 6 a and 6 b, the ring-shaped member 41 is also pulled, and when the ring-shaped member 41 is pushed from the distal end side, the slide tube 7 is also moved to the proximal end side of the stent delivery system 1.
- the distal end side cylindrical member 72 of the slide tube 7 preferably has its distal end portion 74 encapsulating the proximal end portion of the small diameter portion 51 a of the stent housing tubular member 5. Moreover, it is preferable that the distal end side cylindrical member 72 of the slide tube 7 and the stent accommodating cylindrical member 5 are not joined. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 9, the distal end portion of the tubular member 72 on the distal end side of the slide tube 7 is joined without being substantially contacted. The proximal end part of the small diameter part 51a of the cylindrical member 5 for stent accommodation is encapsulated. Further, in this embodiment, a reinforcing layer 78 is provided over the entire slide tube main body 71.
- the reinforcing layer is preferably a mesh-like reinforcing layer.
- the mesh-like reinforcing layer is preferably formed by blade lines.
- it is a wire blade, and can be formed of a metal wire such as stainless steel, elastic metal, superelastic alloy, shape memory alloy, etc. having a wire diameter of 0.01 to 0.3 mm, preferably 0.03 to 0.2 mm.
- synthetic fibers such as a polyamide fiber, a polyester fiber, and a polypropylene fiber.
- the fixed tube 8 includes a distal end side fixed tube 81 having a large outer diameter and a base of the distal end side fixed tube 81.
- a proximal-side fixing tube 82 fixed to the end portion is provided.
- the distal-end-side fixed tube 81 includes a distal-end reduced-diameter portion 81a, and the inner surface of the distal-end reduced-diameter portion 81a is in contact with the outer surface of the proximal end portion of the slide tube 7.
- the slide tube 7 is not fixed to the distal end side fixed tube 81, but enters the distal end side fixed tube 81 and is accommodated by sliding to the proximal end side.
- the slide tube 7 is preferably of a type that is slidably accommodated in the fixed tube 8, but is not limited to this, and the slide tube is slid to the proximal end side. Therefore, the fixed tube may be of a type fitted with a slide tube.
- the distal end portion of the proximal end side fixed tube 82 penetrates into the proximal end of the distal end side stationary tube 81 and is fixed by the fixing portion 81b.
- a slide tube locking portion 24 is provided on the outer surface of the distal end side tube 2 in the fixed tube 8, specifically, at a position that becomes the proximal end portion of the distal end side fixed tube 81 as shown in FIG. 10. It has been.
- the slide tube 7 can be slid to the proximal end side until it abuts against the slide tube locking portion 24. In other words, the slide tube 7 is restricted from further movement toward the proximal end side by contacting the slide tube locking portion 24.
- the distal end portion of the fixed tube 8, specifically, the distal end side fixed tube 81 is provided with a reinforcing layer 85 over substantially the entire portion.
- a reinforcing layer a mesh-like one, a spiral one, or the like is preferable.
- a mesh reinforcing layer is preferable.
- the mesh-like reinforcing layer those formed in a mesh shape with fine metal wires are suitable.
- the metal thin wire stainless steel is preferable.
- it is preferable that a reinforcing layer does not exist in a portion that becomes a connection portion with the proximal end side fixing tube 82.
- a cylindrical fixing member 83 that houses the proximal end portion is provided, and at the distal end of the proximal tube 4, a tubular fixing member 84 is provided. . As shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, the cylindrical fixing member 83 and the cylindrical fixing member 84 are fixed to the proximal end side fixing tube 82.
- the stent delivery system 1 includes a plurality (specifically, two) of pulling wires 6a and 6b, and the pulling wires 6a and 6b are the above-described cylinders.
- the fixing points 69 a and 69 b are fixed to the outside of the small-diameter portion of the stent-housing tubular member 5 by the fixing agent 53 in the space provided in the cylindrical member 5.
- the pulling wires 6a and 6b and the fixing points 69a and 69b are separated by a predetermined length.
- Stent-containing cylindrical member 5 (cylindrical member main body 51, cylindrical portion 52), slide tube 7 (slide tube main body 71, distal end side cylindrical member 72), fixed tube 8 (front end side fixed tube 81, proximal end)
- side fixing tube 82 As a forming material of the side fixing tube 82), in consideration of physical properties (flexibility, hardness, strength, slipperiness, kink resistance, stretchability) required for the cylindrical member for housing the stent, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, Fluorine polymers such as nylon, polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, PTFE, and ETFE, and thermoplastic elastomers are preferred.
- thermoplastic elastomer is appropriately selected from nylon (for example, polyamide elastomer), urethane (for example, polyurethane elastomer), polyester (for example, polyethylene terephthalate elastomer), and olefin (for example, polyethylene elastomer, polypropylene elastomer). Is done. Furthermore, it is preferable that the outer surface of the stent-accommodating tubular member 5 is subjected to a treatment for exhibiting lubricity.
- Examples of such treatment include coating or fixing a hydrophilic polymer such as polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate, polyhydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl vinyl ether maleic anhydride copolymer, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylamide, and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The method of doing is mentioned.
- a hydrophilic polymer such as polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate, polyhydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl vinyl ether maleic anhydride copolymer, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylamide, and polyvinylpyrrolidone.
- the above-mentioned thing may be coated or fixed to the inner surface of the cylindrical member 5 for stent accommodation.
- the cylindrical member 5 for accommodating a stent may be formed of a combination of the two-layered polymers described above (for example, the outer surface is nylon and the inner surface is PTFE).
- the stent delivery system 1 has one end fixed to the proximal end of the stent-accommodating tubular member 5, beyond the proximal end of the stent-accommodating tubular member 5, passing through the slide tube 7 and the fixed tube 8, A puller wire 6 extending in the proximal tube 4 is provided. Then, by pulling the pulling wire 6 toward the proximal end side of the proximal end side tube, the stent housing tubular member 5 and the slide tube 7 move toward the proximal end side. As shown in FIGS.
- the stent delivery system 1 includes a plurality (specifically, two) of pulling wires 6a and 6b, and the pulling wires 6a, 6b is being fixed to the base end part of the cylindrical member 5 for stent accommodation by the fixing points 69a and 69b provided in the part close
- the pulling wires 6a and 6b and the fixing points 69a and 69b are arranged so as to be separated from each other by a predetermined distance.
- the pulling wires 6a and 6b are also fixed to members that move by pulling. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9 and as described above, the pulling wires 6 a and 6 b are also fixed to the ring-shaped member 41 provided in the slide tube 7. For this reason, in the stent delivery system 1 of this embodiment, when the pulling wires 6a and 6b are pulled toward the proximal end side, the ring-shaped member 41 is also pulled toward the proximal end side. When 7 (slide tube main body 71) contacts, the slide tube is also pulled to the proximal end side. Therefore, in this embodiment, the stent-accommodating tubular member 5 and the slide tube 7 are pulled separately from each other. It does not come into contact.
- the pulling force of the pulling wires 6a and 6b is distributed between the fixing points 69a and 69b and the fixing portion of the ring-shaped member 41 that is a member that moves by pulling, the pulling wires 6a at the fixing points 69a and 69b. , 6b and the stent housing tubular member 5 are reliably prevented from being released.
- the puller wire 6 penetrates the proximal end side tube 4 and extends from the proximal end of the proximal end side tube.
- a wire or a twist of a plurality of wires can be suitably used as a constituent material of the pulling wire.
- the wire diameter of the pulling wire is not particularly limited, but is usually preferably about 0.01 to 0.55 mm, more preferably about 0.1 to 0.3 mm.
- the pulling wire 6 may be formed of a stainless steel wire (preferably high-strength stainless steel for springs), a piano wire (preferably a nickel-plated or chrome-plated piano wire), or a superelastic alloy wire.
- the low friction resin include fluorine resin, nylon 66, polyether ether ketone, and high density polyethylene. Among these, a fluorine resin is more preferable.
- fluorine resin examples include polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, ethylenetetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy resin, and the like.
- the coating by silicone or various hydrophilic resin may be sufficient.
- a rigidity imparting body 11 is provided separately from the above-described pulling wire.
- the rigidity imparting body 11 extends from the proximal end side of the stent delivery system 1, passes through the proximal end side tube 4, and further enters the fixed tube 8.
- tip 11a of the rigidity provision body 11 is being fixed to the slide tube latching
- the pulling wires 6 a and 6 b are not fixed to the slide tube locking portion 24 and pass through passages 24 a and 24 b formed in the slide tube locking portion 24.
- the rigidity imparting body 11 is also fixed to a cylindrical fixing member 84 that is fixed to the fixing tube 8.
- the cylindrical fixing member 84 is formed with a rigidity imparting body fixing portion 84 a extending in a predetermined length in the axial direction.
- the rigidity provision body 11 is being fixed to the base end part of the base end side tube 4 at the base end part, or the operation part 10 mentioned later.
- the tip 11a of the rigidity imparting body 11 may be formed to be a flat portion in order to ensure the fixation by the slide tube locking portion 24.
- a wavy portion may be formed on the side surface to provide a retaining member from the fixing member.
- the rigidity imparting body 11 a wire or a twist of a plurality of wires can be suitably used.
- the thickness of the rigidity imparting body 11 is not particularly limited, but is usually preferably about 0.01 to 1.5 mm, and more preferably about 0.1 to 1.0 mm.
- the main body side portion specifically, the portion in the proximal end side tube
- the distal end side portion has low rigidity (specifically The wire diameter is preferably small.
- the change point between the two is a tapered portion in which the wire diameter is deformed into a tapered shape.
- a stainless steel wire preferably, high-strength stainless steel for spring
- a piano wire preferably a piano wire plated with nickel or chrome
- a superelastic alloy is used as a material for forming the rigidity imparting body 11.
- examples thereof include wires formed of various metals such as wires, Ni—Ti alloys, Cu—Zn alloys, Ni—Al alloys, tungsten, tungsten alloys, titanium, titanium alloys, cobalt alloys, and tantalum.
- the rigidity imparting body 11 is harder than the pulling wire.
- the stent 3 is housed in the stent housing tubular member 5.
- the stent 3 may be any so-called self-expanding stent.
- the stent 3 one having a shape as shown in FIG. 15 (showing a state expanded and restored to a shape before compression) can be suitably used.
- the stent 3 of this example has a cylindrical frame body 30, an opening 34 defined by the frames 36 a and 36 b constituting the cylindrical frame body 30, and a notch 35 defined by the frame 36 a.
- the frame body 30 has both end portions 33a and 33b.
- a superelastic alloy metal pipe (described later) having an outer diameter suitable for the in-vivo site to be placed is prepared, and the side of the pipe is cut (for example, mechanical cutting, laser cutting), chemical etching It is produced by removing a part by, for example, forming a plurality of notches or a plurality of openings on the side surface.
- the end portions 33a and 33b of the stent 3 can be easily deformed.
- the end portions can be partially deformed, and the indwelling blood vessel is deformed. Good response to time.
- the edge parts 33a and 33b are formed of the edge part of the some flame
- An opening 34 surrounded by the frames 36a and 36b is formed between both ends, and the opening 34 is easily deformed by deformation of the frame 36a. For this reason, the stent 3 can be easily deformed at the center (the center of the frame body 30).
- the notches and openings are not limited to the shape and number shown in the figure, and 3 to 10 notches are preferable and about 3 to 10 openings are suitable.
- the frame body 30 has an outer diameter of 2.0 to 30 mm, preferably 2.5 to 20 mm, an inner diameter of 1.4 to 29 mm, preferably 1.6 to 28 mm, and a length of 10 to 150 mm. More preferably, it is 15 to 100 mm.
- the shape of the stent is not limited to that shown in FIG.
- a trapezoidal cutout is formed at both ends and a plurality of hexagonal openings are formed in a honeycomb shape at the center, and a rectangular cutout is formed at both ends.
- the part may have a plurality of rectangular openings (having twice the length of the notch).
- the shape of the stent 3 is not limited to the above-described shape as long as it can be reduced in diameter when inserted and can be expanded (restored) when released into the body.
- a coil shape, a cylindrical shape, a roll shape, a deformed tubular shape, a higher order coil shape, a leaf spring coil shape, a cage or a mesh shape may be used.
- a superelastic alloy is preferably used as a material for forming the stent.
- the superelastic alloy here is generally called a shape memory alloy, and exhibits superelasticity at least at a living body temperature (around 37 ° C.).
- a superelastic alloy such as (Si, Sn, Al, Ga), Ni-Al alloy of 36 to 38 atomic% Al is preferably used.
- Particularly preferred is the Ti—Ni alloy described above.
- mechanical properties can be appropriately changed by selecting conditions for the final heat treatment. Further, the mechanical characteristics can be appropriately changed by selecting the cold work rate and / or the final heat treatment conditions using the Ti—Ni—X alloy.
- the buckling strength (yield stress during loading) of the superelastic alloy used is 5 to 200 kgf / mm 2 (22 ° C.), more preferably 8 to 150 kgf / mm 2.
- Restoring stress (yield stress during unloading) ) Is 3 to 180 kgf / mm 2 (22 ° C.), more preferably 5 to 130 kgf / mm 2 .
- Superelasticity here means that even if it is deformed (bending, pulling, compressing) to a region where normal metal is plastically deformed at the operating temperature, it will recover to its almost uncompressed shape without the need for heating after the deformation is released. It means to do.
- the stent used in the stent delivery system of the present invention includes a stent body having a substantially cylindrical shape that can be reduced in diameter and a cylindrical cover (not shown) that seals the side surface of the stent body. May be.
- the stent delivery system of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments.
- a stent delivery system 20 shown in FIG. 12 may be used.
- the fixing tube 8 does not include the distal end side fixing tube 81 and the proximal end side fixing tube 82 as in the stent delivery system 1 described above, but is an integrally formed fixing tube.
- the tube 8a is provided.
- the fixed tube 8a is provided with the reinforcement layer 85 extended from the front end side to the arrangement
- the reinforcing layer is the same as described above.
- a stent delivery system 30 shown in FIG. 13 may be used.
- the distal end portions (69a, 69b) of the pulling wires 6a, 6b are fixed by a metal ring 54 fixed to the small diameter portion 51a of the stent housing tubular member 5.
- coated part 55 formed with resin etc. is provided in the outer surface of the metal ring 54, and the front-end
- the stent delivery system 30 of this embodiment does not have the cylindrical portion 52 that encloses the small-diameter portion 51a of the stent-accommodating cylindrical member 5 provided in the stent delivery system 1.
- the slide tube locking portion 24c of the stent delivery system 30 shown in FIG. 13 there is no passage for penetrating the pulling wires 6a and 6b, and the pulling wires 6a and 6b are not provided. Further, it may pass through the outside of the slide tube locking portion 24c.
- the ring-shaped member 41 as described above may not be provided.
- the stent delivery system 40 shown in FIG. 14 may be used.
- the fixed tube 8 is a type in which the slide tube 7 is accommodated from the proximal end side during pulling, in other words, the slide tube body 71 of the slide tube 7 is fixed from the proximal end to the fixed tube. 8 is a type that enters the inside.
- the slide tube 7 when pulling, is a type in which the fixed tube 8 is fitted from the base end side, in other words, the slide tube body 71a of the slide tube 7 is a base tube.
- the distal end side fixed tube 81c of the fixed tube 8 is encapsulated from the end. For this reason, the inner diameter of the slide tube main body 71a is substantially equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the distal end side fixed tube 81c of the fixed tube 8.
- the distal end side fixed tube 81c is fixed to the distal end portion of the proximal end side fixed tube 82 at the proximal end portion thereof by a fixing portion 81b.
- the member 24 does not function as a slide tube locking portion.
- FIG. 16 is an enlarged front view of the vicinity of the operation unit of the stent delivery system of the present invention. 17 is a rear view of the vicinity of the operation unit of the stent delivery system shown in FIG. FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the internal structure of the operation unit of the stent delivery system shown in FIG. 16.
- FIG. 19 is a right side view of only the operation portion of the stent delivery system shown in FIG.
- FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the internal structure of the operation unit of the stent delivery system shown in FIG. 16.
- the operation unit 10 in the stent delivery system 1 of this embodiment includes a lock mechanism that releasably locks the rotation of the pulling wire winding mechanism, and winding of the pulling wire with the pulling wire winding function.
- a reverse rotation restricting mechanism for restricting rotation in the direction opposite to the direction is provided.
- the operation unit 10 includes an operation unit housing 50.
- the operation unit housing 50 includes a first housing 50a and a second housing 50b.
- the operation portion housing 50 is bent and rounded at the base end side and the central portion, and is easy to grip and allows easy operation of the roller in the gripped state.
- the distal end portion of the cylindrical connector 48 is fixed to the proximal end of the proximal end side tube 4. Further, a sealing mechanism connected to the proximal end portion of the connector 48 is accommodated in the operation portion housing 50. As shown in FIG.
- the sealing mechanism includes a cylindrical main body member 70 having a distal end portion fixed to the rear end portion of the connector 48, and a cap member 70 a fixed to the proximal end of the cylindrical main body member 70.
- a sealing member 70b disposed between the cylindrical main body member 70 and the cap member 70a, and a rigidity imparting body fixing member 70c accommodated in the cylindrical main body member.
- the main body member 70 and the cap member 70a include an opening that penetrates.
- the seal member 70b includes a hole or a slit for allowing the pulling wire 6 (6a, 6b) to pass through in a liquid-tight state and slidable.
- the base end portion of the rigidity imparting body 11 is fixed to the rigidity imparting body fixing member 70c.
- the rigidity imparting body fixing member 70 c is fixed in the cylindrical main body member 70.
- the housing 50 includes an opening 58 for partially projecting the operation rotary roller 61, and a locking rib that engages with a projecting portion of the gear portion 62 provided on the roller 61.
- a bearing portion 94b that houses one end 64b of the rotating shaft of the roller 61
- a bearing portion 94a that houses the other end 64a of the rotating shaft of the roller 61 are provided.
- the locking rib has a shape capable of entering between protrusions formed on the gear portion 62 of the roller 61. Further, as shown in FIGS.
- the bearing portions 94a and 94b are bowl-shaped members that house one end 64b and the other end 64a of the rotation shaft of the roller 61 and extend in a direction away from the above-described opening. It has become.
- the bearing portions 94a and 94b are not limited to a hook shape, and may be any as long as they can move in a distance that can be disengaged from the locking rib.
- the shape of the bearing portions 94a and 94b may be an ellipse, a rectangle, an ellipse, or the like.
- the bearing portions 94a and 94b have a bowl shape as shown in FIGS.
- the operation unit 10 includes a collar member 12.
- the collar member 12 has a collar portion 14 that houses the winding shaft portion 63 and forms an annular space between the winding shaft portion 63.
- the collar portion 14 prevents the pulling wire wound around the winding shaft portion 63 from loosening.
- the collar member 12 also has a function of suppressing movement of the rotating roller when it is pressed and suppressing the rattling of the rotating roller.
- the pin 13 of the collar member 12 is pivotally supported by the protruding portion (bearing portion) 59 of the first housing 50a and the concave portion (bearing portion) 158 of the second housing 50b. As shown in FIGS.
- the bearing portions 94a and 94b are formed in a gentle arc shape centering on the pin 13 (bearing portions 59 and 158), and the roller 61 is used for locking. It has a length that can move a distance greater than the height of the rib.
- the collar member 12 includes two notch portions 15 that face each other and reach the space in the collar portion 14 from the side surface. The pulling wire 6 passes through one of the cutout portions 15 and is fixed to the winding shaft portion 63.
- the pulling wire winding mechanism includes a roller 61 and a winding shaft portion 63 that is rotated by the rotation of the roller 61.
- the winding shaft portion 63 holds or fixes the proximal end portion of the pulling wire 6.
- the proximal end portion of the pulling wire 6 includes an anchor portion 65 formed larger than the wire 6, and the winding shaft portion 63 accommodates the pulling wire 6.
- a possible slit 63a is provided.
- the base end part of the pulling wire 6 is accommodated in the slit 63a of the winding shaft part 63 so that the anchor part 65 is located outside the base end of the slit 63a.
- the gripping or fixing of the pulling wire 6 to the winding shaft portion 63 is not limited to the above-described one, and any method may be used. For example, you may fix the base end or base end part of the pull wire 6 to a winding shaft directly.
- the base end portion around which the pulling wire 6 is wound is flexible in order to facilitate winding.
- a flexible method can be performed by a method in which the proximal end portion of the pulling wire 6 is formed of a flexible material, a method in which the proximal end portion of the pulling wire 6 has a small diameter, or the like.
- the winding shaft portion 63 is integrated with the rotating roller 61 so as to be coaxial. Further, as shown in FIGS. 16, 18, and 19, the winding shaft portion 63 is provided on one side surface side of the rotating roller 61. Then, by rotating the rotating roller 61, the winding shaft portion 63 also rotates at the same time.
- the winding amount of a pulling wire is small compared with the rotation operation amount of a rotating roller. By doing so, it is possible to take up slowly, and the movement of the stent-accommodating tubular member toward the proximal end is also slow and good.
- the winding amount of the pulling wire is smaller than the rotation operation amount of the rotation roller.
- the outer diameter of the winding shaft portion 63 is preferably about 1 to 60 mm, and particularly preferably 3 to 30 mm.
- the outer diameter of the rotating roller is 1 to 20 times the outer diameter of the winding shaft portion. The degree is preferable, and 1 to 10 times is particularly preferable.
- the outer diameter of the rotating roller is preferably about 10 to 60 mm, and particularly preferably 15 to 50 mm.
- the rotating roller and the winding shaft portion are not limited to such an integral one, and may be configured by separate members that rotate following the rotation of the rotating roller. .
- a gear type or a belt type may be used as a transmission method of rotation of the rotating roller.
- the surface part which may be contacted when operating the roller 610 is a non-slip surface.
- the operation unit 10 of this embodiment includes a lock mechanism that locks the rotation of the pulling wire winding mechanism so as to be releasable, and reverse rotation that restricts rotation of the pulling wire winding function in the direction opposite to the winding direction of the pulling wire.
- a regulation mechanism is provided.
- the operation rotation roller 61 includes a gear portion 62 provided so as to rotate coaxially and integrally. Further, as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the gear portion 62 is provided on the other side surface side of the rotating roller 61 (in other words, the surface opposite to the surface on which the winding shaft portion 63 is provided). . Therefore, the gear portion 62 and the winding shaft portion 63 are in a state of being partitioned by the wall formed by the operation roller portion.
- the rotating roller 61 is partially exposed from the opening, and this portion becomes an operation portion.
- the rotating roller is provided on the other end 64a of the rotating shaft provided on one side surface (specifically, the side surface of the gear portion) and on the other side surface (specifically, the side surface of the winding shaft).
- One end 64b of the rotating shaft is provided.
- the housing 50 is provided with an urging means (urging member) 80 for urging the rotating roller 61 toward the opening of the housing.
- the roller 61 is urged by the urging means 80.
- the housing 50 is provided with a locking rib (not shown) that can enter between the protrusions of the gear portion 62 of the rotating roller 61 urged by the urging member 80. For this reason, when the rotating roller 61 is urged by the urging member 80, the rotating roller 61 is in a state shown in FIG. 17, and the locking rib engages with the protruding portion of the gear portion 62, so that it cannot rotate.
- the operation unit 10 of this embodiment regulates the rotation in a state where the rotating roller 61 is not pressed, and has a lock mechanism that locks the rotation of the pulling wire winding mechanism so as to be releasable.
- the reverse rotation restricting mechanism for restricting the rotation of the pulling wire winding function in the direction opposite to the winding direction of the pulling wire by the biasing means 80 and the gear portion 62 described above is provided. It is configured. As shown in FIGS. 16 to 18, a reverse rotation restricting mechanism is provided in the operation unit 10. In the operation unit 10, the urging member 80 is provided with a reverse rotation restricting mechanism, and the urging member 80 is also a reverse rotation restricting member.
- the reverse rotation restricting mechanism is provided at a portion of the tip of the reverse rotation restricting member (which is also an urging member) 80 facing the gear portion 62 of the operation rotating roller 61, and a meshing portion 88 that can mesh with the gear portion,
- An elastically deformable portion 86 and a mounting portion 87 for housing are provided.
- the first housing 50 a includes a first protrusion (bearing part) 59 and a second protrusion 79 formed on the inner surface.
- the first projecting portion 59 enters the elastically deformable portion 86 of the reverse rotation restricting member (biasing member) 80 and has an outer surface shape corresponding to the inner surface shape of the elastically deformable portion 86. .
- the inner surface shape of the elastically deformable portion 86 is an arc shape
- the first projecting portion 59 is a cylindrical shape corresponding to the arc shape.
- the mounting portion 87 of the reverse rotation restricting member (biasing member) 80 has a shape that can be mounted between the first projecting portion 59 and the second projecting portion 79 formed in the first housing 50a.
- the reverse rotation restricting member (biasing member) 80 becomes non-rotatable when the mounting portion 87 is mounted between the first projecting portion 59 and the second projecting portion 79 of the first housing 50a.
- the operating rotary roller 61 is urged toward the opening 58 by the elastic force of the elastically deformable portion 86.
- the mounting portion 87 of the reverse rotation restricting member (biasing member) 80 is restricted from moving in the side surface direction by a disk-like protruding portion 13 a provided on the collar member 12.
- the roller can be rotated.
- rotation in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 18 (direction in which the pulling wire is wound) is possible, but if the roller 61 is rotated in the reverse direction, one tooth portion of the gear portion 62 and the reverse rotation restricting member ( Engagement portion 88 of urging member 80 is engaged to prevent its rotation.
- the reverse rotation restricting member (biasing member) 80 is disposed between the inner surface of the first housing 50 a and the side surface of the rotating roller 61. For this reason, the movement of the reverse rotation restricting member (biasing member) 80 in the lateral direction (horizontal direction) is restricted by the inner surface of the first housing 50 a and the side surface of the rotating roller 61.
- the gear portion 62 has a smaller diameter than the rotating roller.
- the outer diameter of the gear portion 62 is preferably about 10 to 60 mm, particularly preferably 15 to 50 mm, and the number of teeth is 4 to 200. The degree is suitable, and 4 to 70 is particularly preferred.
- the collar member 12 included in the operation unit 10 has one end portion pivotally supported by the pin 13, and the collar portion 14 on the other end side accommodates the take-up shaft portion 63 and the take-up shaft portion 63. An annular space is formed between the two. This annular space is not a very large space, but forms a narrow annular space between the outer surfaces of the wound wire.
- the usage method of the stent delivery system 1 of this invention is demonstrated using drawing.
- Priming is performed as preparation for use.
- a cap member 47 is attached to the tip member 25 to close the tip opening 25a.
- a syringe (not shown) filled with physiological saline is attached to the opening 23 of the fixed tube 8.
- the plunger of the syringe is pressed to inject physiological saline into the distal tube 2.
- the priming distal side slit 45 and the priming proximal side slit 46 are opened, and the physiological saline is contained in the distal side tube and the distal side of the stent delivery system.
- Priming is performed by flowing into a space formed outside the tube. Then, the cap member 47 attached to the tip member 25 is removed.
- the priming operation may be performed by sealing the opening 23 of the fixed tube 8 with a seal member or the like and attaching a syringe filled with physiological saline to the tip member 25. Then, in many cases, the distal end of the guide wire already placed in the body is inserted into the opening 25a of the distal end member of the stent delivery system 1 after priming, and the guide wire (not shown) is taken out from the opening 23. .
- the stent delivery system 1 is inserted into a guiding catheter (not shown) inserted in the living body, the stent delivery system 1 is pushed along the guide wire, and the stent is stored in the target stenosis.
- the stent accommodation part of the cylindrical member 5 is positioned.
- the roller is rotated in the direction of the arrow in FIG.
- the pulling wire 6 is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the winding shaft 63, and the stent-accommodating tubular member 5 and the slide tube 7 move to the proximal end side in the axial direction.
- the stent 3 is accommodated as the stent accommodating tubular member 5 moves. It is discharged from the tip opening of the cylindrical member 5.
- the stent 3 is self-expanded to expand the stenosis part and is placed in the stenosis part.
- the stent delivery system of the present invention is as follows. (1) A distal end tube having a guide wire lumen, a proximal end tube, and a proximal end portion of the distal end side tube and a distal end portion of the proximal end side tube are disposed so as not to block a rear end opening of the distal end side tube.
- a fixed tube that is fixed, a tubular member for housing a stent that encloses the distal end side of the distal tube and is slidable in a proximal direction of the distal tube; and in the tubular member for stent housing One end portion is fixed to the accommodated stent and the stent-accommodating tubular member, extends in the proximal end tube, and is pulled to the proximal end side of the proximal end tube, thereby the stent accommodating tubular shape
- a stent delivery system comprising at least one puller wire for moving the member proximally,
- the stent is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, is stored in the stent-accommodating tubular member in a compressed state in the central axis direction, and can be expanded outward when released from the stent-accommodating tubular member.
- the distal end tube is positioned on the distal end side of the distal end side tube, contacts the proximal end of the stent housed in the stent housing tubular member, and restricts movement of the stent toward the proximal end side.
- a proximal end portion of the stent, a distal slit for priming provided on the side wall close to the proximal end portion of the stent, and a proximal end for priming provided on the proximal side wall of the distal tube With side slits, The priming distal slit and the priming proximal slit are opened by injecting liquid into the guide wire lumen in a state where the distal end opening or the rear end opening of the guide wire lumen is closed. Delivery system.
- the stent delivery system according to (1) wherein a plurality of the priming distal slit and / or the priming proximal slit are provided in the axial direction of the distal tube.
- a plurality of the priming distal slits are provided in the axial direction of the distal tube, and at least one of the priming distal slits is proximal to the stent proximal locking portion.
- the stent delivery system according to any one of (1) to (4), which is provided on a side wall of the stent. (6) Any of the above (1) to (5), wherein the priming distal slit and / or the priming proximal slit is formed so as to be substantially parallel to the central axis of the distal tube.
- the stent delivery system according to 1.
- the distal tube includes a reinforcing layer provided in whole or in part, and the priming distal slit and / or the priming proximal slit is formed in a portion where the reinforcing layer is formed.
- the stent delivery system according to any one of the above (1) to (6).
- the stent delivery system includes a slide tube disposed so as to be close to a proximal end of the stent housing tubular member, and the fixed tube can store the slide tube from the proximal end side.
- the slide tube can be fitted onto the fixed tube from the base end side, the slide tube can be moved to the base end side together with the tubular member for storing a stent by pulling of the pull wire, and
- the stent delivery system according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the stent delivery system is not fixed to the stent-housing tubular member.
- the slide tube is fixed to the slide tube main body and the distal end portion of the slide tube main body, covers the distal end of the slide tube main body, and extends from the distal end of the slide tube main body to the distal end side of the stent delivery system.
- a front-end-side cylindrical member, and the front-end-side cylindrical member is an integrally formed cylindrical body that is located between the front end and the base end of the front-end-side cylindrical member and has a reduced diameter portion that has at least an inner diameter reduced.
- the stent delivery system includes a ring-shaped member housed between the distal end of the slide tube main body and the reduced diameter portion of the distal-end-side cylindrical member, and the pulling wire is fixed to the ring-shaped member.
- the ring-shaped member is not fixed to either the slide tube main body or the distal end side cylindrical member, and is between the distal end of the slide tube main body and the reduced diameter portion of the distal end side cylindrical member.
- the operation unit including a pulling wire winding mechanism for winding the pulling wire and moving the stent-accommodating tubular member to the proximal side at the proximal end of the proximal tube.
- the stent delivery system according to any one of (1) to (11).
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Abstract
Description
上記ステントデリバリーシステムを構成するステントとしては、機能および留置方法によって、バルーン拡張型ステントと自己拡張型ステントとがある。
このタイプのステントは上記のようなステントの拡張作業が必要であるが、収縮したバルーンにステントを直接取り付けて留置することができるので、留置に関してはさほど問題がない。
このタイプのステントは、ステント自身が拡張力を有しているので、バルーン拡張型ステントのような拡張作業は必要なく、血管の圧力等によって径が次第に小さくなり再狭窄を生じるといった問題もない。
上記特許文献1のステントデリバリーシステム1は、先端側チューブ2と、基端側チューブ4と、ステント収納用筒状部材5の基端に近接するように配置されたスライドチューブ7と、先端側チューブ2と基端側チューブ4が固定され、かつスライドチューブ7を収納可能な固定チューブ8と、筒状部材5を基端側に移動させるための牽引ワイヤ6a,6bを備える。
また、上記特許文献2のステントデリバリーシステム1は、先端側チューブ2と、基端側チューブ4と、ステント収納用筒状部材5の基端に近接し、かつ筒状部材5に固定されていないスライドチューブ7と、先端側チューブ2と基端側チューブ4が固定され、かつスライドチューブ7を収納可能な固定チューブ8と、筒状部材5を基端側に移動させるための牽引ワイヤ6を備える。スライドチューブ7は、牽引ワイヤ6の牽引により基端側に移動可能であり、内部に収納され、牽引ワイヤが固定されかつスライドチューブとともに移動可能なリング状部材75を備える。
そこで、本発明の目的は、自己拡張型ステントを用いるステントデリバリーシステムであって、使用前に行うプライミング作業が容易であり、かつ、ステント留置作業を容易かつ確実に行うことができるステントデリバリーシステムを提供するものである。
ガイドワイヤルーメンを有する先端側チューブと、基端側チューブと、前記先端側チューブの後端開口を閉塞しないように前記先端側チューブの基端部および前記基端側チューブの先端部が固定された固定チューブと、前記先端側チューブの先端側を被包しかつ前記先端側チューブの基端方向に摺動可能であるステント収納用筒状部材と、該ステント収納用筒状部材内に収納されたステントと、前記ステント収納用筒状部材に一端部が固定され、前記基端側チューブ内を延びるとともに該基端側チューブの基端側に牽引することにより、前記ステント収納用筒状部材を基端側に移動させるための少なくとも一つの牽引ワイヤとを備えるステントデリバリーシステムであって、
前記ステントは、略円筒形状に形成され、中心軸方向に圧縮された状態にて前記ステント収納用筒状部材内に収納され、前記ステント収納用筒状部材からの放出時には外方に拡張可能なものであり、
前記先端側チューブは、該先端側チューブの先端側に位置し、前記ステント収納用筒状部材内に収納された前記ステントの基端と当接し、該ステントの基端側への移動を規制するステント基端部係止部と、該ステント基端部係止部に近接する側壁に設けられたプライミング用先端側スリットと、前記先端側チューブの基端側の側壁に設けられたプライミング用基端側スリットとを備え、
前記プライミング用先端側スリットおよび前記プライミング用基端側スリットは、前記ガイドワイヤルーメンの先端開口もしくは後端開口を閉塞した状態にて前記ガイドワイヤルーメンに液体を注入することにより開口するものであるステントデリバリーシステム。
そして、先端側チューブは、ステント基端部係止部に近接する側壁に設けられたプライミング用先端側スリットと、先端側チューブの基端側の側壁に設けられたプライミング用基端側スリットとを備える。
図1は、本発明の実施例のステントデリバリーシステムの部分省略外観図である。図2は、図1のステントデリバリーシステムの先端部の拡大外観図である。図3は、図1のステントデリバリーシステムの先端部の拡大断面図である。図4は、図2のA-A線断面図である。図5は、図2のB-B線断面拡大図である。図6は、図2のC-C線断面拡大図である。図7は、図2のD-D線断面拡大図である。図8は、図2のE-E線断面拡大図である。図9は、図1のステントデリバリーシステムのステント収納用筒状部材の基端部およびスライドチューブの先端部付近の拡大断面図である。図10および図11は、本発明の実施例のステントデリバリーシステムの作用を説明するための説明図である。
そして、先端側チューブ2は、先端側チューブ2の先端側に位置し、ステント収納用筒状部材5内に収納されたステント3の基端と当接し、ステント3の基端側への移動を規制するステント基端部係止部22と、ステント基端部係止部22に近接する側壁に設けられたプライミング用先端側スリット45と、先端側チューブ2の基端側の側壁に設けられたプライミング用基端側スリット46とを備える。そして、プライミング用先端側スリット45およびプライミング用基端側スリット46は、ガイドワイヤルーメン21の先端開口25aもしくは後端開口23を閉塞した状態にてガイドワイヤルーメン21に液体を注入することにより開口するものとなっている。
そして、この実施例のステントデリバリーシステム1は、基端側チューブ4の基端部には、牽引ワイヤ6を巻き取り、ステント収納用筒状部材5を基端側に移動させるための牽引ワイヤ巻取機構を備えている。
この実施例のステントデリバリーシステム1は、先端側チューブ2、ステント3、基端側チューブ4、ステント収納用筒状部材5、牽引ワイヤ6、スライドチューブ7,固定チューブ8および牽引ワイヤ6の巻取機構を有する操作部10を備えている。そして、固定チューブ8は、先端側チューブ2と基端側チューブ4を接続するとともに、先端側チューブ2の基端部と連通する開口23を備えている。
先端側チューブ2は、図に示すように、先端から基端まで貫通したガイドワイヤルーメン21を有するチューブ体である。先端側チューブ2としては、外径が0.3~2.0mm、好ましくは0.5~1.5mmであり、内径が0.2~1.5mm、好ましくは0.3~1.2mm、長さが、20~600mm、好ましくは30~500mmである。
なお、先端部材(先端部)25の最先端部の外径は、0.5~1.8mmであることが好ましい。また、先端部材(先端部)25の最大径部の外径は、0.8~4.0mmであることが好ましい。さらに、先端側テーパー部の長さは、2.0~20.0mmが好ましい。
また、先端側チューブ2は、先端側チューブ2の基端側の側壁に設けられたプライミング用基端側スリット46を備える。特に、この実施例のステントデリバリーシステム1では、プライミング用基端側スリット46は、先端側チューブ2の軸方向に複数設けられている。スリット46の数としては、2~5程度が好ましい。また、プライミング用基端側スリット46は、先端側チューブ2の軸方向に延びるように形成されている。特に、プライミング用基端側スリット46は、先端側チューブ2の中心軸にほぼ平行となるように形成されていることが好ましい。
そして、プライミング用先端側スリット45およびプライミング用基端側スリット46は、通常状態では開口しないものとなっている。具体的には、スリット45、46は、いわゆる切り込みであり、幅を持たないものとなっている。このため、スリット45、46は、ガイドワイヤルーメン21の先端開口25aもしくは後端開口23を閉塞した状態にて液体を注入することにより開口するものとなっている。また、スリット45、46は、先端側チューブ2のガイドワイヤルーメン21の先端開口25aもしくは後端開口23を閉塞しない状態にて液体を注入しても、実質的に液体が流通しないものとなっている。
プライミング用先端側スリット45の長さとしては、設けるスリットの数によっても相違するが、0.5~5mmであることが好ましく、特に、1~3mmであることが好ましい。
そして、プライミング用先端側スリット45およびプライミング用基端側スリット46は、専用の加工用設備やエキシマレーザー装置等を使用することなく簡便に形成することができる。そして、スリット45,46は、細い切り込みであるため、内管を屈曲させてもその部分がキンクすることが少ない。
スリット45,46は、例えば、先端側チューブ内に、芯金を挿入し、スリット形成用窓部を有するスリット用のマスクにセットし、その窓部にカッターを差し込んで線を引くように移動させることにより、形成することができる。
また、本発明のステントデリバリーシステム1では、プライミング用先端側スリット45およびプライミング用基端側スリット46の両者を有するため、プライミング時に液体が両方から流れてきて、低圧にてスムーズかつ短時間でプライミングを行うことができる。
さらに、先端側チューブ2は、全体もしくは部分的に設けられた補強層28を備えていてもよい。さらに、プライミング用先端側スリット45、プライミング用基端側スリット46は、補強層28が形成されている部分に設けられていてもよい。また、先端側チューブ2のスリット形成部を除く部分に補強層28を備えるものであってもよい。また、先端側チューブは、補強層を持たないものであってもよい。補強層は、網目状の補強層であることが好ましい。網目状の補強層は、ブレード線で形成することが好ましい。例えば、ワイヤブレードであり、線径0.01~0.3mm、好ましくは0.03~0.2mmのステンレス、弾性金属、超弾性合金、形状記憶合金等の金属線で形成することができる。または、ポリアミド繊維、ポリエステル繊維、ポリプロピレン繊維等の合成繊維で形成してもよい。
そして、先端側チューブ2の外面、ステント3の内面には、摺動性物質が被覆されていることが好ましい。加えて、先端側チューブ2の内面、ステント収納用筒状部材5の内面、スライドチューブ本体71の内面、固定チューブ81の内面、リング状部材41の内面にも摺動性物質が塗布されていることがより好ましい。なお、摺動性物質は、それぞれの面の全体であることが好ましいが、一部であってもよい。このようにすることにより、ステント収納用筒状部材5およびリング状部材41の移動がより良好なものとなる。また、ガイドワイヤの摺動も良好となる。
摺動性物質としては、シリコーンオイルもしくはシリコーン樹脂であることが好ましい。シリコーンオイルとしては、シリコーン油基準(II:薬機第327号厚生省薬務局医療)又はこれと同等以上の外国の基準に適合するものが好適に用いられる。また、シリコーン樹脂としては、ジメチルポリシロキサンなどを主成分とするシリコーン溶液の固化物が好適である。
また、プライミング用先端側スリット45、プライミング用基端側スリット46内面には、スリット密着抑制物質が付着していることが好ましい。スリット密着抑制物質を付着させることにより、プライミング時のスリットの開放が容易なものとなる。スリット密着抑制物質としては、摺動性物質として上述したものが好適に使用できる。
そして、先端側チューブ2の外面、先端側チューブ2の内面、ステント3の内面、ステント収納用筒状部材5の内面、スライドチューブ本体71の内面、固定チューブ81の内面、リング状部材41の内面への摺動性物質の塗布は、プライミング用先端側スリットおよびプライミング用基端側スリットを用いた後述するプライミングと同様の操作にて行うことができる。具体的には、先端部材25にキャップ部材47を取り付け、先端開口25aを閉塞し、この状態にて、固定チューブ8の開口23に摺動性物質含有液(例えば、液状シリコーン)を充填したシリンジ(図示せず)を取り付け、シリンジのプランジャを押圧して、摺動性物質含有液を先端側チューブ2内に注入する。この摺動性物質含有液の注入により、プライミング用先端側スリット45およびプライミング用基端側スリット46は、開口し、摺動性物質含有液が、ステントデリバリーシステムの先端側チューブ内かつ先端側チューブの外側に形成される空間に流入する。そして、余剰の摺動性物質含有液を回収することにより、摺動性物質を被覆することができる。また、プライミング用先端側スリット45、プライミング用基端側スリット46内面へのスリット密着抑制物質の付着も上述したものと同様の操作により行うことができる。特に、スリット密着抑制物質として、摺動性物質と同じものを用いる場合には、上記の摺動性物質含有液の先端側チューブ2内への注入により、同時に行うことができる。なお、上記操作は、固定チューブ8の開口23をシール部材等により封止し、先端部材25に摺動性物質含有液を充填したシリンジを装着することにより行ってもよい。
基端側チューブ4としては、長さが300~1500mm、より好ましくは、700~1400mmであり、外径が0.5~1.5mm、好ましくは0.6~1.3mmであり、内径が0.3~1.4mm、好ましくは0.5~1.2mmである。
基端側チューブ4の中心軸と先端側チューブ2の中心軸とのずれの距離としては、0.1~2.0mmが好ましく、特に、0.5~1.5mmが好ましい。
基端側チューブの形成材料としては、硬度があってかつ柔軟性がある材質であることが好ましく、例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンなどのポリオレフィン、ナイロン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ETFE等のフッ素系ポリマー、PEEK(ポリエーテルエーテルケトン)、ポリイミドなどが好適に使用できる。なお、基端側チューブの外面には、生体適合性、特に抗血栓性を有する材料をコーティングしてもよい。抗血栓性材料としては、例えば、ポリヒドロキシエチルメタアクリレート、ヒドロキシエチルメタアクリレートとスチレンの共重合体(例えば、HEMA-St-HEMAブロック共重合体)などが使用できる。また、基端側チューブ4の形成材料としては、比較的剛性の高い材質を用いてもよい。例えばNi-Ti、真鍮、ステンレス鋼、アルミ等の金属、さらには、比較的剛性の高い樹脂、例えば、塩化ビニル、ポリカーボネート等を用いることもできる。
ステント収納用筒状部材5の長さとしては、20~400mm程度が好ましく、特に、30~300mmが好ましい。また、外径としては、0.8~4.0mm程度が好ましく、特に、1.5~3.0mmが好ましい。また、ステント収納用筒状部材5の内径としては、1.0~2.5mm程度が好ましい。
そして、このステント収納用筒状部材5は、基端部に設けられた小径部51aを備える筒状部材本体部51と、この小径部51aを被包するように設けられた筒状部52を備えている。なお、小径部51aの基端部は、筒状部52より突出している。具体的には、牽引ワイヤ6(6a、6b)の先端部69(69a,69b)は、小径部51aと筒状部52間に形成された空隙内に侵入し、空隙に充填された固定剤53により、ステント収納用筒状部材5に固定されている。小径部51aは、外径が基端側に向かって縮径するテーパー部とこのテーパー部より基端側に延びる短い円筒部を備えている。そして、筒状部材本体部51の縮径部51aを被包するように筒状部52は、筒状部材本体部51の基端部に固定されている。このため、筒状部材本体部51の小径部51aは、筒状部材5の内方かつ基端方向に突出する環状突出部を構成している。そして、この環状突出部とステント収納用筒状部材5(具体的には、筒状部52の先端部)内面間により、環状空隙部が形成されている。そして、この実施例では、牽引ワイヤ6(6a、6b)の先端部69(69a,69b)は、小径部51aの外面にて固定されている。そして、この空隙部には、固定剤(接着剤)が充填されており、筒状部材本体部51と筒状部52を一体化している。また、環状空隙部に充填された固定剤等により、後述する牽引ワイヤ6(6a,6b)の先端部(固定点)69(69a,69b)は、筒状部材5に固定されている。固定剤としては、エポキシ樹脂、紫外線硬化樹脂、シアノアクリレート系樹脂などの接着剤を用いることが好ましいが、熱融着であってもよい。
なお、ステント収納用筒状部材5としては、上述したような筒状部材本体部51と筒状部52からなるものに限定されるものではなく、一体物であってもよい。
そして、本発明のステントデリバリーシステム1では、図2ないし図9に示すように、スライドチューブ7は、スライドチューブ本体71と、スライドチューブ本体71の先端部に固定され、スライドチューブ本体71の先端を覆い、かつスライドチューブ本体71の先端よりステントデリバリーシステム1の先端側に延びる先端側筒状部材72とを備えている。そして、先端側筒状部材72は、先端側筒状部材72の先端と基端間に位置しかつ少なくとも内径が縮径した縮径部73を有する一体成形筒状体となっている。そして、この実施例では、縮径部73の内径は、スライドチューブ本体71の内径とほぼ等しいまたは若干大きいもしくは若干小さいものとなっている。さらに、この実施例のステントデリバリーシステム1では、図2ないし図9に示すように、先端側筒状部材72は、少なくとも縮径部73以外の部分の外径および内径が、スライドチューブ本体71より大きいものとなっている。そして、縮径部73は、先端側筒状部材72の先端と基端間、具体的には、先端より若干基端側に位置するものとなっている。
この実施例でのリング状部材41は、プラスチック製外筒部材42とこのプラスチック製外筒部材42内に挿入されたプラスチック製外筒部材43と、プラスチック製外筒部材42とプラスチック製外筒部材43間に充填された接着剤44により構成されている。そして、牽引ワイヤ6a,6bは、プラスチック製外筒部材42とプラスチック製外筒部材43間を貫通するとともに、接着剤44によりリング状部材41に固定されている。プラスチック製外筒部材42およびプラスチック製外筒部材43としては、摩擦抵抗の少ないものが好ましく、例えば、ETFE等のフッ素系ポリマー、PEEK(ポリエーテルエーテルケトン)、ポリイミドなどが好適に使用できる。
また、スライドチューブ本体71の先端部は、先端側筒状部材72の基端部内に侵入するとともに、縮径部73と所定距離離間している。これにより、スライドチューブ本体71の先端部と先端側筒状部材72の縮径部73間に、リング状部材保持部を構成する環状凹部が形成されている。そして、リング状部材保持部であるこの環状凹部内に、リング状部材41が、収納されている。リング状部材41は、スライドチューブ本体71および先端側筒状部材72のいずれにも固定されていないため、回動可能である。しかし、スライドチューブ7内における軸方向への移動は、クリアランスを除き不能となっている。そして、牽引ワイヤ6a,6bは、図5に示すように、リング状部材41の内部に固定されている。牽引ワイヤ6a,6bを牽引することにより、リング状部材41も牽引され、そして、リング状部材41により先端側より押されることにより、スライドチューブ7もステントデリバリーシステム1の基端側に移動する。
さらに、この実施例では、スライドチューブ本体71の全体にわたり補強層78を備えている。このような補強層を設けることにより、耐キンク性が向上し、スライドチューブ7のスライドが良好なものとなる。補強層は、網目状の補強層であることが好ましい。網目状の補強層は、ブレード線で形成することが好ましい。例えば、ワイヤブレードであり、線径0.01~0.3mm、好ましくは0.03~0.2mmのステンレス、弾性金属、超弾性合金、形状記憶合金等の金属線で形成することができる。または、ポリアミド繊維、ポリエステル繊維、ポリプロピレン繊維等の合成繊維で形成してもよい。
この実施例のように、スライドチューブ7が、固定チューブ8内にスライド収納されるタイプのものであることが好ましいが、これに限定されるものではなく、スライドチューブを基端側にスライドすることにより、固定チューブがスライドチューブにより被嵌されるタイプのものであってもよい。
先端側チューブ2の基端部には、その基端部を収納した筒状固着部材83が設けられており、また、基端チューブ4の先端には、筒状固定部材84が設けられている。そして、図4および図7に示すように、基端側固定チューブ82に、筒状固着部材83および筒状固定部材84が固着されている。
さらに、ステント収納用筒状部材5の外面には、潤滑性を呈するようにするための処理を施すことが好ましい。このような処理としては、例えば、ポリヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート、ポリヒドロキシエチルアクリレート、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、メチルビニルエーテル無水マレイン酸共重合体、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリビニルピロリドン等の親水性ポリマーをコーティング、または固定する方法などが挙げられる。また、ステント収納用筒状部材5の内面に、ステント3の摺動性を良好なものにするため、上述のものをコーティング、または固定してもよい。
また、ステント収納用筒状部材5は、上記のようなポリマーの2層構造(例えば、外面はナイロン、内面はPTFE)の組み合わせで形成しても良い。
そして、図1ないし図3、図5ないし図10に示すように、このステントデリバリーシステム1では、複数(具体的には、2本)の牽引ワイヤ6a,6bを備えており、牽引ワイヤ6a、6bは、ステントに近い部分に設けられた固定点69a、69bにより、ステント収納用筒状部材5の基端部に固定されている。また、牽引ワイヤ6a,6bおよびこの固定点69a、69bは、所定距離離間するように配置されている。
牽引ワイヤの構成材料としては、線材もしくは複数本の線材を撚ったものが好適に使用できる。また、牽引ワイヤの線径は、特に限定されないが、通常、0.01~0.55mm程度が好ましく、0.1~0.3mm程度がより好ましい。
また、牽引ワイヤ6の形成材料としては、ステンレス鋼線(好ましくは、バネ用高張力ステンレス鋼)、ピアノ線(好ましくは、ニッケルメッキあるいはクロムメッキが施されたピアノ線)、または超弾性合金線、Ni-Ti合金、Cu-Zn合金、Ni-Al合金、タングステン、タングステン合金、チタン、チタン合金、コバルト合金、タンタル等の各種金属により形成された線材や、ポリアミド、ポリイミド、超高分子量ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、フッ素系樹脂等の比較的高剛性の高分子材料、あるいは、これらを適宜組み合わせたものが挙げられる。
また、牽引ワイヤの側面に滑性を増加させる低摩擦性樹脂を被覆してもよい。低摩擦性樹脂としては、フッ素系樹脂、ナイロン66、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、高密度ポリエチレン等が挙げられる。この中でも、フッ素系樹脂がより好ましい。フッ素系樹脂としては、例えば、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、エチレンテトラフルオロエチレン、パーフロロアルコキシ樹脂等が挙げられる。またシリコーンや各種親水性樹脂によるコーティングであってもよい。
そして、剛性付与体11は、基端部にて基端側チューブ4の基端部もしくは後述する操作部10に固定されていることが好ましい。このような剛性付与体11を設けることにより、牽引ワイヤの牽引時におけるステントデリバリーシステムの変形を抑制できる。また、剛性付与体11の先端11aは、スライドチューブ係止部24による固定を確実にするために、平坦部となるように形成してもよい。さらに、側面に波状部分を形成して固定部材からの抜け止めを設けてもよい。
また、剛性付与体11としては、本体側部分(具体的には、基端側チューブ内となる部分)が剛性が高く(例えば、線径が太い)、先端側部分が剛性が低い(具体的には、線径が細い)ものであることが好ましい。さらに、両者の変化点は、線径がテーパー状に変形するテーパー部となっていることが好ましい。
また、剛性付与体11の形成材料としては、ステンレス鋼線(好ましくは、バネ用高張力ステンレス鋼)、ピアノ線(好ましくは、ニッケルメッキあるいはクロムメッキが施されたピアノ線)、または超弾性合金線、Ni-Ti合金、Cu-Zn合金、Ni-Al合金、タングステン、タングステン合金、チタン、チタン合金、コバルト合金、タンタル等の各種金属により形成された線材が挙げられる。また、剛性付与体11は、牽引ワイヤより、硬質であることが好ましい。
ステント3としては、いわゆる自己拡張型ステントであればどのようなものであってもよい。例えば、ステント3としては、図15(拡張して圧縮前の形状に復元した状態を示している)に示すような形状を有しているものが好適に使用できる。この例のステント3は、円筒状フレーム体30と、この円筒状フレーム体30を構成するフレーム36a,36bにより区画(囲撓)された開口34およびフレーム36aにより区画された切欠部35を有しており、フレーム体30は両端部33a,33bを有している。
フレーム体30は、外径が2.0~30mm、好ましくは、2.5~20mm、内径が1.4~29mm、好ましくは1.6~28mmのものであり、長さは、10~150mm、より好ましくは15~100mmである。
また、本発明のステントデリバリーシステムに使用されるステントは、略円筒形状に形成された縮径可能なステント本体と、ステント本体の側面を封鎖する筒状カバー(図示せず)を備えるものであってもよい。
この実施例のステントデリバリーシステム20では、固定チューブ8は、上述したステントデリバリーシステム1のように、先端側固定チューブ81と基端側固定チューブ82とを備えるものではなく、一体に形成された固定チューブ8aを備えるものとなっている。そして、図12に示すように、固定チューブ8aは、先端側より、スライドチューブ係止部24の配置付近までのびる補強層85を備えている。補強層は、上述したものと同じである。
この実施例のステントデリバリーシステム30では、牽引ワイヤ6a、6bの先端部(69a,69b)は、ステント収納用筒状部材5の小径部の51aに固定された金属リング54により、固定されている。そして、金属リング54の外面には、樹脂等により形成された被覆部55が設けられており、金属リング54および牽引ワイヤ6a、6bの先端を露出しないものとしている。この実施例のステントデリバリーシステム30では、ステントデリバリーシステム1が備えるステント収納用筒状部材5の小径部の51aを被包する筒状部52を持たないものとなっている。
また、上述したすべての実施例において、図13に示すステントデリバリーシステム30のスライドチューブ係止部24cのように、牽引ワイヤ6a、6bを貫通するための通路を備えず、牽引ワイヤ6a、6bが、スライドチューブ係止部24cの外側を通過するものであってもよい。
さらに、上述したすべての実施例において、上述のようなリング状部材41を持たないものであってもよい。
上述した実施例のステントデリバリーシステムでは、固定チューブ8は、牽引時において、スライドチューブ7を基端側より収納するタイプ、言い換えれば、スライドチューブ7のスライドチューブ本体71が、基端より、固定チューブ8内に侵入するタイプのものとなっている。
これに対して、この実施例のステントデリバリーシステム40では、牽引時において、スライドチューブ7が基端側より固定チューブ8を被嵌するタイプ、言い換えれば、スライドチューブ7のスライドチューブ本体71aが、基端より、固定チューブ8の先端側固定チューブ81cを被包するものとなっている。
このため、スライドチューブ本体71aの内径は、固定チューブ8の先端側固定チューブ81cの外径とほぼ等しい、もしくは、若干大きいものとなっている。先端側固定チューブ81cは、固定部81bにより、その基端部において、基端側固定チューブ82の先端部に固定されている。また、この実施例では、部材24は、スライドチューブ係止部として機能しない。
図16は、本発明のステントデリバリーシステムの操作部付近の拡大正面図である。図17は、図16に示したステントデリバリーシステムの操作部付近の背面図である。図18は、図16に示したステントデリバリーシステムの操作部の内部構造を説明するための説明図である。図19は、図16に示したステントデリバリーシステムの操作部分のみの右側面図である。図20は、図16に示したステントデリバリーシステムの操作部の内部構造を説明するための説明図である。
この実施例のステントデリバリーシステム1における操作部10は、牽引ワイヤ巻取機構に加えて、牽引ワイヤ巻取機構の回転を解除可能にロックするロック機構および牽引ワイヤ巻取機能の牽引ワイヤの巻取方向と逆方向への回転を規制する逆回転規制機構を備えている。
そして、図18に示すように、基端側チューブ4の基端には、筒状コネクタ48の先端部が固定されている。また、操作部ハウジング50内には、コネクタ48の基端部に接続されたシール機構が収納されている。このシール機構は、図18に示すように、コネクタ48の後端部に固定された先端部を備えるシール機構筒状本体部材70と、筒状本体部材70の基端に固定されたキャップ部材70aと、筒状本体部材70とキャップ部材70a間に配置されたシール部材70bと、筒状本体部材内に収納された剛性付与体固定用部材70cを備えている。本体部材70およびキャップ部材70aは、貫通する開口部を備えている。シール部材70bは、牽引ワイヤ6(6a,6b)を液密状態かつ摺動可能に貫通させるための孔部もしくはスリットを備えている。また、剛性付与体固定用部材70cには、剛性付与体11の基端部が固定されている。そして、剛性付与体固定用部材70cは、筒状本体部材70内に固定されている。
そして、この実施例では、巻取シャフト部63は、回転ローラ61と同軸となるように一体化されている。さらに、図16、図18および図19に示すように、巻取シャフト部63は、回転ローラ61の一方の側面側に設けられている。そして、回転ローラ61を回転させることにより、巻取シャフト部63も同時に回転する。そして、回転ローラの回転操作量に比べて、牽引ワイヤの巻取量が少ないことが好ましい。このようにすることにより、ゆっくりとした巻取を行うことができ、ステント収納用筒状部材の基端側への移動もゆっくりかつ良好なものとなる。この実施例では、巻取シャフト部の外径は、回転操作用ローラより小径となっているため、回転ローラの回転操作量に比べて、牽引ワイヤの巻取量が少ないものとなっている。
なお、回転ローラと巻取シャフト部は、このような一体的なものに限定されるものではなく、回転ローラが回転することにより、追従して回転する別部材により構成したものであってもよい。回転ローラの回転の伝達方式としては、ギア形式のもの、ベルト形式のものであってもよい。また、ローラ610を操作する際に接触する可能性のある表面部位は、滑りにくい表面となっていることが好ましい。例えば、ローラ61を操作する際に接触する可能性のある表面部位には、ローレット処理、エンボス処理、高摩擦材料被覆などを行うことが好ましい。
操作用回転ローラ61は、図16ないし図18に示すように、同軸にかつ一体的に回動するように設けられた歯車部62を備えている。さらに、図19、図20に示すように、歯車部62は、回転ローラ61の他方の側面側(言い換えれば、巻取シャフト部63が設けられた面と反対側の面)に設けられている。よって、歯車部62と巻取シャフト部63は、操作用ローラ部が構成する壁により仕切られた状態となっている。
また、操作用回転ローラ61は、部分的に開口部より露出しており、この部分が操作部となる。そして、回転ローラは、一方の側面(具体的には、歯車部の側面)に設けられた回転軸の他端64aおよび他方の側面(具体的には、巻取シャフトの側面)に設けられた回転軸の一端64bを備えている。
操作部10内には、図16ないし図18に示すように、逆回転規制機構を備えている。この操作部10では、付勢部材80に逆回転規制機構が設けられており、付勢部材80は、逆回転規制部材でもある。逆回転規制機構は、逆回転規制部材(付勢部材でもある)80の先端部の上記操作用回転ローラ61の歯車部62と向かい合う部分に設けられ、歯車部と噛合可能な噛合部88と、弾性変形可能部86と、ハウジングへの装着部87を備えている。また、第1ハウジング50aは、内面に形成された第1の突出部(軸受部)59および第2の突出部79を備えている。第1の突出部59は、逆回転規制部材(付勢部材)80の弾性変形可能部86内に侵入するとともに、弾性変形可能部86の内面形状に対応した外面形状を有するものとなっている。具体的には、弾性変形可能部86の内面形状は、円弧状となっており、第1の突出部59は、その円弧形状に対応した円筒状となっている。そして、逆回転規制部材(付勢部材)80の装着部87は、第1ハウジング50aに形成された第1の突出部59と第2の突出部79間に装着可能な形状となっている。そして、逆回転規制部材(付勢部材)80は、その装着部87が、第1ハウジング50aの第1の突出部59と第2の突出部79間に装着されることにより、回動不能に装着されるとともに、弾性変形可能部86の弾性力により、操作用回転ローラ61を開口部58方向に付勢するものとなっている。また、逆回転規制部材(付勢部材)80の装着部87は、カラー部材12に設けられた円盤状の突出部13aにより、側面方向への移動が規制されている。
そして、操作部10が備えるカラー部材12は、一端部がピン13により軸支されているとともに、他端側のカラー部14は、巻取シャフト部63を収納するとともに、巻取シャフト部63との間に環状空間を形成する。この環状空間はあまり大きな空間ではなく、巻き取ったワイヤの外面間により狭小な環状空間を形成するものである。
使用準備として、プライミングを行う。図10に示すように、先端部材25にキャップ部材47を取り付け、先端開口25aを閉塞する。この状態にて、固定チューブ8の開口23に生理食塩水を充填したシリンジ(図示せず)を取り付ける。そして、シリンジのプランジャを押圧して、生理食塩水を先端側チューブ2内に注入する。この生理食塩水の注入により、図10に示すように、プライミング用先端側スリット45およびプライミング用基端側スリット46は、開口し、生理食塩水は、ステントデリバリーシステムの先端側チューブ内かつ先端側チューブの外側に形成される空間に流入し、プライミングが行われる。そして、先端部材25に装着したキャップ部材47を取り外す。なお、プライミング操作は、固定チューブ8の開口23をシール部材等により封止し、先端部材25に生理食塩水を充填したシリンジを装着することにより行ってもよい。
そして、プライミングが終了したステントデリバリーシステム1の先端部材の開口部25aに、多くの場合は既に体内に留置されているガイドワイヤの末端を挿入し、開口23よりガイドワイヤ(図示せず)を出す。次に、生体内に挿入されているガイディングカテーテル(図示せず)内にステントデリバリーシステム1を挿入し、ガイドワイヤに沿わせてステントデリバリーシステム1を押し進め、目的とする狭窄部内にステント収納用筒状部材5のステント収納部位を位置させる。
次に、操作部10の操作用回転ローラ61を押圧した後、ローラを図18の矢印方向に回転させる。これにより、牽引ワイヤ6は、巻取シャフト63の外周面に巻き取られるとともに、ステント収納用筒状部材5およびスライドチューブ7は、軸方向基端側に移動する。この時、ステント3はその後端面が先端側チューブ2のステント基端部係止部22の先端面に当接し係止されるので、ステント収納用筒状部材5の移動に伴って、ステント収納用筒状部材5の先端開口より放出される。この放出により、ステント3は、図11に示すように、自己拡張し狭窄部を拡張するとともに狭窄部内に留置される。
(1) ガイドワイヤルーメンを有する先端側チューブと、基端側チューブと、前記先端側チューブの後端開口を閉塞しないように前記先端側チューブの基端部および前記基端側チューブの先端部が固定された固定チューブと、前記先端側チューブの先端側を被包しかつ前記先端側チューブの基端方向に摺動可能であるステント収納用筒状部材と、該ステント収納用筒状部材内に収納されたステントと、前記ステント収納用筒状部材に一端部が固定され、前記基端側チューブ内を延びるとともに該基端側チューブの基端側に牽引することにより、前記ステント収納用筒状部材を基端側に移動させるための少なくとも一つの牽引ワイヤとを備えるステントデリバリーシステムであって、
前記ステントは、略円筒形状に形成され、中心軸方向に圧縮された状態にて前記ステント収納用筒状部材内に収納され、前記ステント収納用筒状部材からの放出時には外方に拡張可能なものであり、
前記先端側チューブは、該先端側チューブの先端側に位置し、前記ステント収納用筒状部材内に収納された前記ステントの基端と当接し、該ステントの基端側への移動を規制するステント基端部係止部と、該ステント基端部係止部に近接する側壁に設けられたプライミング用先端側スリットと、前記先端側チューブの基端側の側壁に設けられたプライミング用基端側スリットとを備え、
前記プライミング用先端側スリットおよび前記プライミング用基端側スリットは、前記ガイドワイヤルーメンの先端開口もしくは後端開口を閉塞した状態にて前記ガイドワイヤルーメンに液体を注入することにより開口するものであるステントデリバリーシステム。
(2) 前記プライミング用先端側スリットおよび/または前記プライミング用基端側スリットは、前記先端側チューブの軸方向に複数設けられている上記(1)に記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
(3) 前記プライミング用先端側スリットおよび/または前記プライミング用基端側スリット内面には、スリット密着抑制物質が付着している上記(1)または(2)に記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
(4) 前記先端側チューブの外面または/および前記ステントの内面には、摺動性物質が被覆されている上記(1)ないし(3)のいずれかに記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
(5) 前記プライミング用先端側スリットは、前記先端側チューブの軸方向に複数設けられており、かつ、少なくとも一つの前記プライミング用先端側スリットは、前記ステント基端部係止部より基端側の側壁に設けられている上記(1)ないし(4)のいずれかに記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
(6) 前記プライミング用先端側スリットおよび/または前記プライミング用基端側スリットは、前記先端側チューブの中心軸にほぼ平行となるように形成されている上記(1)ないし(5)のいずれかに記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
(7) 前記先端側チューブは、全体もしくは部分的に設けられた補強層を備え、前記プライミング用先端側スリットおよび/または前記プライミング用基端側スリットは、前記補強層が形成されている部分に設けられている上記(1)ないし(6)のいずれかに記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
(9) 前記スライドチューブは、スライドチューブ本体と、該スライドチューブ本体の先端部に固定され、前記スライドチューブ本体の先端を覆い、かつ前記スライドチューブ本体の先端より前記ステントデリバリーシステムの先端側に延びる先端側筒状部材とを備え、該先端側筒状部材は、該先端側筒状部材の先端と基端間に位置しかつ少なくとも内径が縮径した縮径部を有する一体成形筒状体である上記(8)に記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
(10) 前記ステントデリバリーシステムは、前記スライドチューブ本体の先端と前記先端側筒状部材の前記縮径部間に収納されたリング状部材を備え、前記牽引ワイヤは、前記リング状部材に固定されている上記(9)に記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
(11) 前記リング状部材は、前記スライドチューブ本体および前記先端側筒状部材のいずれにも固定されておらず、前記スライドチューブ本体の先端と前記先端側筒状部材の前記縮径部間に回動可能に収納されている上記(10)に記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
(12) 前記基端側チューブの基端部には、前記牽引ワイヤを巻き取り、前記ステント収納用筒状部材を基端側に移動させるための牽引ワイヤ巻取機構を備える操作部を有する上記(1)ないし(11)のいずれかに記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
Claims (12)
- ガイドワイヤルーメンを有する先端側チューブと、基端側チューブと、前記先端側チューブの後端開口を閉塞しないように前記先端側チューブの基端部および前記基端側チューブの先端部が固定された固定チューブと、前記先端側チューブの先端側を被包しかつ前記先端側チューブの基端方向に摺動可能であるステント収納用筒状部材と、該ステント収納用筒状部材内に収納されたステントと、前記ステント収納用筒状部材に一端部が固定され、前記基端側チューブ内を延びるとともに該基端側チューブの基端側に牽引することにより、前記ステント収納用筒状部材を基端側に移動させるための少なくとも一つの牽引ワイヤとを備えるステントデリバリーシステムであって、
前記ステントは、略円筒形状に形成され、中心軸方向に圧縮された状態にて前記ステント収納用筒状部材内に収納され、前記ステント収納用筒状部材からの放出時には外方に拡張可能なものであり、
前記先端側チューブは、該先端側チューブの先端側に位置し、前記ステント収納用筒状部材内に収納された前記ステントの基端と当接し、該ステントの基端側への移動を規制するステント基端部係止部と、該ステント基端部係止部に近接する側壁に設けられたプライミング用先端側スリットと、前記先端側チューブの基端側の側壁に設けられたプライミング用基端側スリットとを備え、
前記プライミング用先端側スリットおよび前記プライミング用基端側スリットは、前記ガイドワイヤルーメンの先端開口もしくは後端開口を閉塞した状態にて前記ガイドワイヤルーメンに液体を注入することにより開口するものであることを特徴とするステントデリバリーシステム。 - 前記プライミング用先端側スリットおよび/または前記プライミング用基端側スリットは、前記先端側チューブの軸方向に複数設けられている請求項1に記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
- 前記プライミング用先端側スリットおよび/または前記プライミング用基端側スリット内面には、スリット密着抑制物質が付着している請求項1または2に記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
- 前記先端側チューブの外面または/および前記ステントの内面には、摺動性物質が被覆されている請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
- 前記プライミング用先端側スリットは、前記先端側チューブの軸方向に複数設けられており、かつ、少なくとも一つの前記プライミング用先端側スリットは、前記ステント基端部係止部より基端側の側壁に設けられている請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
- 前記プライミング用先端側スリットおよび/または前記プライミング用基端側スリットは、前記先端側チューブの中心軸にほぼ平行となるように形成されている請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
- 前記先端側チューブは、全体もしくは部分的に設けられた補強層を備え、前記プライミング用先端側スリットおよび/または前記プライミング用基端側スリットは、前記補強層が形成されている部分に設けられている請求項1ないし6のいずれかに記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
- 前記ステントデリバリーシステムは、前記ステント収納用筒状部材の基端に近接するように配置されたスライドチューブを備え、かつ、前記固定チューブは、前記スライドチューブを基端側より収納可能もしくは前記スライドチューブは、基端側より前記固定チューブに被嵌可能であり、前記スライドチューブは、前記牽引ワイヤの牽引により前記ステント収納用筒状部材とともに基端側に移動可能であり、かつ、前記ステント収納用筒状部材に固定されていないものとなっている請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
- 前記スライドチューブは、スライドチューブ本体と、該スライドチューブ本体の先端部に固定され、前記スライドチューブ本体の先端を覆い、かつ前記スライドチューブ本体の先端より前記ステントデリバリーシステムの先端側に延びる先端側筒状部材とを備え、該先端側筒状部材は、該先端側筒状部材の先端と基端間に位置しかつ少なくとも内径が縮径した縮径部を有する一体成形筒状体である請求項8に記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
- 前記ステントデリバリーシステムは、前記スライドチューブ本体の先端と前記先端側筒状部材の前記縮径部間に収納されたリング状部材を備え、前記牽引ワイヤは、前記リング状部材に固定されている請求項9に記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
- 前記リング状部材は、前記スライドチューブ本体および前記先端側筒状部材のいずれにも固定されておらず、前記スライドチューブ本体の先端と前記先端側筒状部材の前記縮径部間に回動可能に収納されている請求項10に記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
- 前記基端側チューブの基端部には、前記牽引ワイヤを巻き取り、前記ステント収納用筒状部材を基端側に移動させるための牽引ワイヤ巻取機構を備える操作部を有する請求項1ないし11のいずれかに記載のステントデリバリーシステム。
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JP2011525864A JP5564507B2 (ja) | 2009-08-03 | 2010-07-29 | ステントデリバリーシステム |
CN201080014121.1A CN102365064B (zh) | 2009-08-03 | 2010-07-29 | 支架输送系统 |
EP10806385.0A EP2431009B1 (en) | 2009-08-03 | 2010-07-29 | Stent delivery system |
BR112012002439A BR112012002439A2 (pt) | 2009-08-03 | 2010-07-29 | sistema de entrega de "stent" |
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JP (1) | JP5564507B2 (ja) |
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BR112012002439A2 (pt) | 2017-08-08 |
EP2431009A4 (en) | 2012-12-05 |
JPWO2011016386A1 (ja) | 2013-01-10 |
EP2431009B1 (en) | 2016-09-14 |
EP2431009A1 (en) | 2012-03-21 |
CN102365064A (zh) | 2012-02-29 |
JP5564507B2 (ja) | 2014-07-30 |
US20120116493A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
CN102365064B (zh) | 2014-11-19 |
US9901468B2 (en) | 2018-02-27 |
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