WO2010124428A1 - 一种不含明胶的疫苗冻干保护剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种不含明胶的疫苗冻干保护剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2010124428A1
WO2010124428A1 PCT/CN2009/001405 CN2009001405W WO2010124428A1 WO 2010124428 A1 WO2010124428 A1 WO 2010124428A1 CN 2009001405 W CN2009001405 W CN 2009001405W WO 2010124428 A1 WO2010124428 A1 WO 2010124428A1
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vaccine
solution
composition
lyophilized
freeze
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PCT/CN2009/001405
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English (en)
French (fr)
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朱昌林
沈艳杰
祝洪敢
李海泉
孙会来
徐艳君
张喆
王晓丽
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长春百克生物科技股份公司
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/19Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles lyophilised, i.e. freeze-dried, solutions or dispersions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12Antivirals
    • A61P31/20Antivirals for DNA viruses
    • A61P31/22Antivirals for DNA viruses for herpes viruses
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/16Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing nitrogen, e.g. nitro-, nitroso-, azo-compounds, nitriles, cyanates
    • A61K47/18Amines; Amides; Ureas; Quaternary ammonium compounds; Amino acids; Oligopeptides having up to five amino acids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/26Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/30Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
    • A61K47/36Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/30Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
    • A61K47/42Proteins; Polypeptides; Degradation products thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. albumin, gelatin or zein

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of vaccine production technology, and particularly relates to a formula and a method for using a gelatin-free vaccine protective agent. Background technique
  • Kel so et al reported that some children were allergic to the MMR combination vaccine because the gelatin in the vaccine produced IgE antibodies against gelatin molecules in the organism of the recipient. Gelatin can cause both cell-mediated immune responses and non-cell-mediated immune responses. In order to reduce or avoid the adverse reactions caused by gelatin during the use of the vaccine, experts recommend using gelatin substitutes or directly producing gelatin-free vaccine products.
  • Vaccine products that do not contain gelatin have been gradually developed and used.
  • the gelatin-free vaccine protection agent in the prior art reduces the irritation to the human body, but the protection effect against the vaccine is not as good as the commonly used gelatin-containing protective agent, so that the stability of the vaccine during lyophilization and storage. Falling, prone to failure.
  • the inventors of the present invention have invented a new vaccine lyoprotectant, which greatly reduces the irritation of the vaccine preparation obtained from the protective agent, and still maintains high stability and long Validity period.
  • the present invention provides a composition for use as a vaccine lyoprotectant which, when used in a lyophilization process for a vaccine, comprises the components and their initial concentrations in the lyophilized stock solution: Jk albumin 3-20g / l, sucrose 30-100g / l, trehalose 10-30g / l, dextran 10 - 50g / l, sodium glutamate 6-12g / l, urea 3- 9g, arginine 0 5-2g and mannitol 10-100g/l, and the gelatin is not contained in the compound.
  • the present invention provides a process for the preparation of a lyophilized vaccine, characterized in that the composition of the present invention is used in a lyophilization process.
  • the invention also provides the use of a composition of the invention for increasing the stability and safety of a vaccine.
  • the lyoprotectant of the present invention is more effective in protecting the vaccine than the prior art protectant.
  • the lyophilized protective agent of the present invention is used for preparing a lyophilized vaccine, the stability of the vaccine during the lyophilization process and the storage process can be improved, and the safety of the lyophilized vaccine product to the human body is greatly improved.
  • the present invention provides a composition for use as a vaccine lyoprotectant which, when used in a lyophilization process for a vaccine, comprises the components and their initial concentrations in the lyophilized stock solution: 3-3g/l of albumin, 30-100g/l of sucrose, 10-30g/l of trehalose, 10-50g/U of dextran, 6-12g of sodium glutamate, urea 3- 9g/l, arginine 0.5 - 2 g VIII and mannitol 10-100 g/l, and the composition does not contain gelatin.
  • the dextran is dextran 70.
  • the sucrose in the above described composition of the invention has an initial concentration of from 40 to 60 g in the lyophilized stock solution.
  • the trehalose in the above composition of the present invention has an initial concentration of 10 to 30 g/l in the lyophilized stock solution.
  • the mannitol in the above composition of the present invention has an initial concentration of 10-20 g/l in the lyophilized stock solution.
  • compositions of the invention are employed during lyophilization.
  • the invention provides a method of preparing a lyophilized varicella vaccine comprising the steps of:
  • the varicella virus Oka strain is used as a poisonous species, and the MRC-5 strain human diploid cells are used as a culture medium;
  • a vaccine solution to harvest a cell culture containing 3-20 g/l human serum albumin, 30-100 g/l sucrose, 10-30 g/l trehalose, 10-50 g octasaccharide liver 199 or a PBS buffer solution of 6-12 g/l sodium glutamate, 3-9 g/l urea, and 0.5-2 g/l arginine;
  • the cell culture is frozen and thawed under -70 ⁇ , sonicated, and clarified and filtered, which is the stock solution;
  • the maintenance solution is pH 7. 2-7. 6. MEM medium containing 2% to 5 % calf serum in the step (3).
  • step (3) wherein the ratio of the poison to seed inoculation in step (3) is 1: 60-1:250.
  • washing liquid in the step (4) is Ear le's solution or PBS buffer.
  • the method for preparing a lyophilized varicella vaccine is specifically as follows:
  • the human diploid cell MRC-5 is taken at a ratio of 1:2-1:4, at a pH of 7.7. 6.
  • MEM cell culture medium supplemented with 10-15% calf serum is used for cell passage medium, 37 times, cultured for 3-5 days, and passaged within 33 generations; until MRC-5 cells form homogenous and dense cells After the single layer, replace the pH 7. 2- 7.
  • the original maintenance solution is decanted, and the cell surface is washed with two or more volumes of Ear le's solution or PBS buffer of the original maintenance solution, and the bovine serum is washed away; Containing 3-20g/l Ajk albumin, 30-100g/l sucrose, 10-30g/l trehalose, 10-50g/l dextran, 6-12g sodium glutamate, 3- 9g octa urea and 0.
  • the cell culture is harvested by basal or PBS buffer; the cell culture is freeze-thawed under -70X, the cells are sonicated at 20KHz, and the supernatant is collected by filtration, which is a stock solution; and the final concentration of mannose is 10-100 g/l.
  • the semi-finished product is made of alcohol, and the qualified semi-finished water bath is sub-packed in a suitable medicinal container, and lyophilized in a suitable freeze-drying manner; the hydrated dried varicella vaccine product is qualified.
  • the pH is changed to 7.2. 2.
  • the MEM medium maintenance solution containing 2% calf serum is inoculated in the culture flask according to the ratio of the virus to the cells 1: 60 Infected cells were added to the varicella virus Oka strain.
  • the vaccine solution is: containing lOg/1 human serum albumin, 40 g/l sucrose, 15 g octasaccharide, 50 g dextrose liver 70, 6 g/l sodium glutamate , 3 g / l urea and lg arginine in PBS buffer.
  • the cell culture is subjected to freeze-thawing at -70X, ultrasonically disrupted at 20KHz, and clarified and filtered to obtain a stock solution.
  • a semi-finished product is prepared by adding mannitol with a final concentration of 10 g8 to the original solution, and the qualified semi-finished product is sub-packed in a suitable medicinal container and lyophilized in a suitable freeze-dried manner.
  • the maintenance solution used in the step (3) is pH 7.4, MEM medium containing 2% calf serum, and the ratio of the inoculum to the cell is 1:90.
  • step (4) the cell surface is washed with 2 times the volume of the original maintenance solution in PBS buffer, and the bovine serum is washed away.
  • the vaccine solution used in the step (5) containing 20g of eight Ajk albumin, 50g / l sucrose, lOg / 1 trehalose, 20g / l dextran 70, lOg / 1 sodium glutamate, 9g octa urea and 0. 5g /l A synthetic medium for arginine 199.
  • the maintenance solution used in the step (3) is pH 7.6, MEM medium containing 3 % calf serum, and the ratio of the poison to seed inoculation is 1:120.
  • the cell surface was washed with Earle's solution equivalent to 3 times the volume of the original maintenance solution, and the bovine serum was washed away.
  • the vaccine solution used in the step (5) is: containing 3 g / l Ajfe albumin, 60 g sucrose, 15 g trehalose, 40 g dextrose liver 70, 12 g / l sodium glutamate, 6 g / l urea and 2 g / l fine Acetone in PBS buffer.
  • the maintenance solution used in the step (3) is pH 7.6, MEM medium containing 5 % calf serum, and the ratio of the poison to seed inoculation is 1:200.
  • step (4) the cell surface was washed with Ear le's solution equivalent to 3 volumes of the original maintenance solution, and bovine serum was washed away.
  • the vaccination solution used in the step (5) is: containing 15 g of eight Ajfe albumin, 60 g of octasaccharide, 30 g of octasaccharide, lOg / 1 of dextran 70, 8 g / l of sodium glutamate, 6 g / l of urea and 1. 5 g of eight Arginine in PBS buffer.
  • the final concentration of mannitol added to the stock solution in the step (7) was 20 g/l. Comparative example
  • This example compares the vaccine lyoprotectant of the present invention with a gelatin-containing vaccine lyoprotectant of the prior art.
  • a freeze-dried varicella vaccine is prepared using a lyoprotectant containing gelatin according to the method described in Chinese Patent Application No. 200610017132. 0, which is hereby incorporated by reference, which is referred to as Preparation Examples 1, V, 3, and 4, respectively.
  • the specific preparation steps are as follows:
  • Preparation example (1) Take human diploid cell MRC-5 at a ratio of 1:2, and add PBS cell medium supplemented with 10% calf serum as cell passage medium.
  • Cell culture was collected by adding 199 comprehensive medium containing 3 g/l ik albumin and 100 g octasaccharide.
  • the cell culture is subjected to a freeze-thaw, 20 KHz sonication, and the cells are clarified and filtered to obtain a stock solution.
  • step (1) ⁇ Diploid cells MRC-5 was mixed with PBS cell medium supplemented with 12% calf serum at a ratio of 1:4 in a ratio of pH 7.6.
  • the incubation time in step (2) is 5 days.
  • the maintenance solution used in the step (3) is pH 7.4, MEM medium containing 5 % calf serum, and the ratio of the virus to the cell is 1:100.
  • the cell surface was washed with 2 times the volume of the original maintenance solution in PBS buffer, and the bovine serum was washed away.
  • step (5) a cell culture was obtained by adding PBS buffer containing 20 g/l jk albumin and 30 g of sucrose.
  • step (7) a final concentration of 12 g/l of gelatin, 9 g of sodium glutamate, 6 g/l of urea and lg/1 of arginine are added to the stock solution to prepare a semi-finished product, and the qualified semi-finished water bath is determined. It is placed in a suitable pharmaceutically acceptable container and lyophilized in a suitable lyophilized manner.
  • Preparation Example 3' The steps of this embodiment are similar to those of Preparation Example 1, with the following differences:
  • the diploid cells MRC-5 were cultured in a ratio of 1:3, and the MEM cell medium supplemented with 15% calf serum was used as a cell passage medium.
  • the incubation time in step (2) was 4 days.
  • the maintenance solution used in the step (3) is pH 7.6, MEM medium containing 3.5% of calf serum, and the ratio of the virus to the cell is 1:120.
  • the cell surface was washed with an ear le, s solution equivalent to 3 times the volume of the original maintenance solution, and the bovine serum was washed away.
  • step (5) a 199 integrated culture medium containing 10 g of jk albumin and 80 g/l of sucrose was added to harvest the cell culture.
  • step (7) a final concentration of 8 g / l of gelatin, 6 g / l of glutamic acid sodium, 3 g of eight urea and 2 g / l of arginine are added to the stock solution to prepare a semi-finished product, which is qualified under a semi-finished water bath. Dispense in a suitable pharmaceutically acceptable container and freeze-dry in a suitable lyophilized manner.
  • step (1) human diploid cells were taken from MRC-5 at a ratio of 1:4, and MEM cells culture medium supplemented with 15% calf serum was used as a cell passage medium.
  • the incubation time in step (2) was 5 days.
  • the maintenance solution used in the step (3) is pH 7.6, MEM medium containing 3.5% calf serum, and the ratio of the virus to the cell is 1:200.
  • step (4) the cell surface was washed with Ear le's solution equivalent to 3 volumes of the original maintenance solution, and bovine serum was washed away.
  • step (5) a 199 integrated culture substrate containing cell culture containing 15 g/l jk albumin and 50 g/l sucrose was added.
  • step (7) a gelatin with a final concentration of 10 g/l, 9 g of sodium glutamate, 3 g/l of urea, and 1.5 g/l of arginine are added to the stock solution to prepare a semi-finished product, and a qualified semi-finished product is obtained.
  • the mixture is placed in a suitable pharmaceutically acceptable container under a water bath, and lyophilized in a suitable lyophilized manner.
  • the lyophilized vaccines prepared in the above four preparation examples 1 - 4 and 1, - 4 were placed at 37 X:, 2 - 8 1 C for different times, respectively, and then the appearance, moisture and virus titer of the samples were separately examined.
  • the appearance of the qualified sample shall be white loose body, added to the sterile water for injection according to the indicated amount, reconstituted It should be a clear liquid and no foreign matter.
  • the moisture in the sample shall be inspected according to the 2005 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (Part 3), Appendix VII D, and shall not exceed 3.0%.
  • the virus titer is determined by the plaque method. The specific steps are as follows:
  • test results are shown in the following tables:
  • the gelatin-free vaccine lyoprotectant of the present invention has substantially the same ability to maintain vaccine stability as compared with conventionally used gelatin-containing protectants.
  • gelatin since gelatin is not used in the protective agent of the present invention, the safety to the human body is greatly improved.

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Description

二种不含明胶的疫苗冻干保护剂及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于疫苗生产工艺技术领域,具体涉及一种不含明胶的疫苗保 护剂的配方和使用方法。 背景技术
目前, 预防性疫苗的应用使常见流行性传染病得到了有效控制,有效 地降低了这些传染病的发病率和死亡率。 但是, 在贮藏、 运输和临床使用 过程中, 应用现有生产工艺生产的疫苗产品不断地浮现一系列问题, 诸如 稳定性差, 有效期短和不良反应率高等问题。 随着疫苗的广泛应用和分子 生物学和细胞生物学的飞速发展, 研究发现, 很多问题与疫苗产品的保护 剂和佐剂有直接关系, 特别是冻干疫苗产品中均需要使用冻干保护剂, 其 中的明胶或明胶衍生物能直接引起使被接种者过敏的变态反应。 1993年, Kel so等报道, 有些孩子对 MMR联合疫苗过敏是由于疫苗中的明胶在被接 种者机体内产生抗明胶分子的 IgE抗体所致。明胶既可以引起细胞介导免 疫反应, 也可以引起非细胞介导免疫反应。 为了减轻或避免在疫苗使用过 程中出现的由明胶而引起的不良反应, 专家们建议, 使用明胶替代品或直 接生产不含明胶的疫苗产品。
现有疫苗产品多数是以世界卫生组织所颁发的生物制品规程为标准 生产的, 标准中没有对保护剂中的明胶使用量明确加以限制。 日本 FDA于 1986年批准的疫苗上市许可中,以及美国 FDA批准的疫苗上市许可中,均 没有把明胶作为生产疫苗的禁用成分。 在早期的专利文献中, 大多数生产 技术的疫苗保护剂都含有明胶成分。
目前已经逐步开始研究和使用不含有明胶的疫苗产品。 目前现有技术 中不含明胶的疫苗保护剂虽然降低了对于人体的刺激性,但是对疫苗的保 护效果不如常用的含有明胶的保护剂,使得疫苗在冻干过程中和储存过程 中的稳定性下降, 易发生失效。
目前,使用疫苗进行免疫接种已经成为世界各国预防流行病的主要手 段。 因此, 本领域中急需一种改进的疫苗冻干保护剂, 在降低对于人体的 刺激性的同时仍能使疫苗具有较高的稳定性。 发明内容
本发明的发明人经过研究,发明了一种新的疫苗冻干保护剂, 使角该 保护剂得到的疫苗制品对于人体的刺激性大大降低,并且仍然能保持较高 的稳定性和较长的有效期。
因此, 本发明提供了一种用作疫苗冻干保护剂的组合物, 所述组合物 在用于疫苗的冻干过程时, 所包括的各成分及其在冻干原液中的初始浓度 为: jk清白蛋白 3-20g/l、 蔗糖 30-100g/l、 海藻糖 10-30g/l、 右旋糖酐 10- 50g/l、 谷氨酸钠 6-12g/l、 尿素 3- 9g 、 精氨酸 0· 5-2g 以及甘露醇 10-lOOg/l , 并且所 iii且合物中不含有明胶。
此外,本发明还提供了一种冻干疫苗的制备方法,其特征在于冻干过程 中采用本发明的组合物。
此外,本发明还提供了本发明的组合物用于提高疫苗稳定性和安全性 的用途。
本发明的冻干保护剂与现有技术的保护剂相比,对疫苗的保护效果更 好。将本发明的冻干保护剂用于制备冻干疫苗时, 可以提高疫苗在冻干过 程和储存过程中的稳定性, 并且大大提高了冻干疫苗产品对人体的安全 性。 具体实施方式
因此, 本发明提供了一种用作疫苗冻干保护剂的组合物, 所述组合物 在用于疫苗的冻干过程时, 所包括的各成分及其在冻干原液中的初始浓度 为: 清白蛋白 3-20g/l、 蔗糖 30- 100g/l、 海藻糖 10- 30g/l、 右旋糖酐 10-50g/U 谷氨酸钠 6- 12g 、 尿素 3- 9g/l、 精氨酸 0. 5-2g八以及甘露醇 10-lOOg/l, 并且所述组合物中不含有明胶。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中, 所述右旋糖酐为右旋糖酐 70。
在本发明的另一个优选实施方案中,上述的本发明组合物中的蔗糖在冻 干原液中的初始浓度为 40-60g八。
在本发明的又另一个优选实施方案中,上述的本发明组合物中的海藻糖 在冻干原液中的初始浓度为 10-30g/l。
在本发明的再另一个优选实施方案中,上述的本发明组合物中的甘露醇 在冻干原液中的初始浓度为 10-20g/l。
在本发明的第二方面,提供了一种冻干疫苗的制备方法, 其特征在于 在冻干过程中采用本发明的组合物。
在一个优选实施方案中, 本发明提供了一种冻干水痘疫苗的制备方 法, 包括下列步骤:
(1) 以水痘病毒 Oka株为毒种, MRC-5株人二倍体细胞为培养基质;
(2) 用培养基对 MRC- 5株人二倍体细胞进行扩增传代,其中细胞传代 比例为 1: 2-1: 4, 以 37 培养 3-5天;
(3) 待 MRC- 5株人二倍体细胞生长成均匀、致密的单层细胞后, 更换 培养基维持液并加入毒种感染细胞;
(4) 当 MRC-5株人二倍体细胞出现 75 %以上典型病变时, 倒去原维 持液, 用相当于维持液 2倍 -3倍体积的洗涤液洗涤细胞表面;
(5) 加入疫苗液收获细胞培养物, 所述疫苗液为含有 3-20g/ l人血清 白蛋白、 30-100g/l蔗糖、 10-30g/ l海藻糖、 10-50g八右旋糖肝、 6-12g/l 谷氨酸钠、 3-9g/l尿素和 0. 5-2g/l精氨酸的 199综合培养基或 PBS緩冲液;
(6) 将细胞培养物经- 70Ό以下冻融、超声破碎细胞、经澄清过滤后, 即为原液;
(7) 原液内加入终浓度为 10-100 g/ 1的甘露醇, 进行冻干。
在上述方法的一个优选实施方案中, 其中在步骤(3)中维持液为 pH7. 2-7. 6、 含 2%-5 %小牛血清的 MEM培养基。
在上述方法的另一个优选实施方案中, 其中在步骤(3)中毒种与细胞 接种比例为 1: 60-1: 250。
在上述方法的再另一个优选实施方案中, 其中在步骤(4)中洗涤液为 Ear le's液或 PBS緩沖液。
在本发明的一个特别优选的实施方案中,制备冻干水痘疫苗的方法具 体如下所述: 取人二倍体细胞 MRC-5按 1: 2-1: 4比例, 以 pH7. 2- 7. 6、 添 加 10-15 %小牛血清的 MEM细胞培养基为细胞传代用培养基, 37 下, 培 养 3-5天扩增传代, 33代以内;待 MRC-5细胞形成均勾、致密的细胞单层 后, 更换 pH7. 2- 7. 6、 含 2- 5 %小牛血清的 MEM培养基维持液, 在培养瓶 内按毒种与细胞接种比例 1: 60-1: 250加入水痘病毒 Oka株感染细胞:当 MRC-5细胞上出现 75 %以上典型病变时, 倒去原维持液, 用原维持液二倍 体积以上的 Ear le's液或 PBS緩沖液洗涤细胞表面, 洗去牛血清; 加入含 3-20g/l Ajk清白蛋白、 30-100g/l蔗糖、 10-30g/l海藻糖、 10-50g/ l右旋 糖酐、 6-12g八谷氨酸钠、 3- 9g八尿素和 0. 5-2g八精氨酸的 199综合培养 基或 PBS緩沖液,收获细胞培养物;将细胞培养物经 -70X以下冻融、 20KHz 超声破碎细胞、 过滤收集上清液, 即为原液; 原液内加入终浓度为 10-lOOg/l 的甘露醇制成半成品, 检定合格的半成品水浴下分装于适宜的 可药用容器内, 以适宜的冻干方式进行冻干; 检定合格即为冻干水痘疫苗 成品。 实施例
制备实施例 1
(1) 取人二倍体细胞 MRC- 5按 1: 2比例, 以 pH7. 2、 添加 10 %小牛血 清的 MEM细胞培养基为细胞传代用培养基。
(2) 37"C下, 培养 3天扩增传代 33代以内。
(3) 待置 C-5细胞形成均匀、 致密的细胞单层后, 更换 pH7. 2、 含 2 %小牛血清的 MEM培养基维持液,在培养瓶内按毒种与细胞接种比例 1: 60 加入水痘病毒 Oka株感染细胞。
(4) 当 MRC-5细胞中 75 %以上出现典型病变时,倒去原维持液,用相 当于原维持液二倍体积以上的 Ear le's液洗涤细胞表面, 洗去牛血清。
(5) 加入疫苗液收获细胞培养物; 所述疫苗液为: 含有 lOg/1人血清 白蛋白、 40g/l蔗糖、 15g八海藻糖、 50g 右旋糖肝 70、 6g/ l谷氨酸钠、 3g/l尿素和 lg八精氨酸的 PBS緩冲液。
(6) 将细胞培养物经 -70X 以下冻融、 20KHz超声破碎细胞、经澄清过 滤后, 即为原液。
(7) 原液内加入终浓度为 10g八的甘露醇制成半成品,检定合格的半 成品水浴下分装于适宜的可药用容器内, 以适宜的冻干方式进行冻干。 制备实施例 2
本实施例的步骤与制备实施例 1相类似, 区别在于:
步骤(3)中使用的维持液为 pH7. 4、 含 2 %小牛血清的 MEM培养基, 毒 种与细胞接种比例为 1: 90。
步骤(4)中使用相当于原维持液 2倍体积的 PBS緩沖液洗涤细胞表面, 洗去牛血清
步骤(5)中使用的疫苗液为: 含有 20g八 Ajk清白蛋白、 50g/l蔗糖、 lOg/ 1海藻糖、 20g/l右旋糖酐 70、 lOg/1谷氨酸钠、 9g八尿素和 0. 5g/l 精氨酸的 199综合培养基。
步骤(7)中在原液内加入的甘露醇终浓度为 15g 。 制备实施例 3
本实施例的步骤与制备实施例 1相类似, 区别在于:
步骤(3)中使用的维持液为 pH7. 6、 含 3 %小牛血清的 MEM培养基, 毒 种与细胞接种比例为 1: 120。
步骤(4)中使用相当于原维持液 3倍体积的 Earle's液洗涂细胞表面, 洗去牛血清。
步骤(5)中使用的疫苗液为: 含有 3g/l Ajfe清白蛋白、 60g 蔗糖、 15g 海藻糖、 40g 右旋糖肝 70、 12g/l谷氨酸钠、 6g/l尿素和 2g/ l 精氨酸的 PBS緩冲液。
步骤(7)中在原液内加入的甘露醇终浓度为 15g/l。 制备实施例 4
本实施例的步骤与制备实施例 1相类似, 区别在于:
步骤(3)中使用的维持液为 pH7. 6、 含 5 %小牛血清的 MEM培养基, 毒 种与细胞接种比例为 1: 200。
步骤(4)中使用相当于原维持液 3倍体积的 Ear le's液洗涤细胞表面, 洗去牛血清。
步骤(5)中使用的疫苗液为: 含有 15g八 Ajfe清白蛋白、 60g八蔗糖、 30g八海藻糖、 lOg/ 1右旋糖酐 70、 8g/ l谷氨酸钠、 6g/ l尿素和 1. 5g八 精氨酸的 PBS緩冲液。
步骤(7)中在原液内加入的甘露醇终浓度为 20g/l。 比较实施例
本实施例将本发明的疫苗冻干保护剂与现有技术中含明胶的疫苗冻 干保护剂进行比较。
按照本申请人已经公开的中国专利申请 200610017132. 0中所述的方 法, 使用含有明胶的冻干保护剂制备冻干水痘疫苗, 分别称为制备实施例 1,、 V、 3,和 4,, 具体制备步骤如下:
制备实施例 (1) 取人二倍体细胞 MRC-5按 1: 2比例, 以 pH7. 2、 添加 10 %小牛血 清的 MEM细胞培养基为细胞传代用培养基。
(2) 37 下, 培养 3天扩增传代 33代以内。
(3) 待 MRC-5细胞形成均匀、 致密的细胞单层后, 更换 pH7. 2、 含 2 %小牛血清的 MEM培养基维持液,在培养瓶内按毒种与细胞接种比例 1: 60 加入水痘病毒 Oka株感染细胞。
(4) 当 MRC-5细胞中 75 %以上出现典型病变时,倒去原维持液,用相 当于原维持液二倍体积以上的 Earle's液洗涤细胞表面, 洗去牛血清。
(5) 加入含有 3g/l ik清白蛋白、 100g八蔗糖的 199综合培养基收 获细胞培养物。
(6) 将细胞培养物经 - 70 以下冻融、 20KHz超声破碎细胞、经澄清过 滤后, 即为原液。
(7) 在原液内加入终浓度为 5g/l 的明胶、 12g/l 的谷氨酸钠、 9g/l 的尿素和 0. 5g八 的精氨酸, 制成半成品, 检定合格的半成品水浴下分装 于适宜的可药用容器内, 以适宜的冻干方式进行冻干。 制备实施例 2'
本实施例的步骤与制备实施例 1,相类似, 区别在于:
步骤(1)中:^ 二倍体细胞 MRC-5按 1: 4比例, 以 pH7. 6、 添加 12 % 小牛血清的 MEM细胞培养基为细胞传代用培养基。
步驟 (2)中培养时间为 5天。
步骤(3)中使用的维持液为 pH7. 4、 含 5 %小牛血清的 MEM培养基, 毒 种与细胞接种比例为 1: 100。
步骤(4)中使用相当于原维持液 2倍体积的 PBS緩沖液洗涤细胞表面, 洗去牛血清。
步骤(5)中加入含有 20g/ l jk清白蛋白、 30g 蔗糖的 PBS緩沖液收 获细胞培养物。
步骤(7)中在原液内加入终浓度为 12g/l的明胶、 9g 的谷氨酸钠、 6g/l的尿素和 lg/1的精氨酸, 制成半成品, 检定合格的半成品水浴下分 装于适宜的可药用容器内, 以适宜的冻干方式进行冻干。 制备实施例 3' 本实施例的步骤与制备实施例 1,相类似, 区别在于:
步骤(1)中: 二倍体细胞 MRC-5按 1: 3比例, 以 pH7. 4、 添加 15 % 小牛血清的 MEM细胞培养基为细胞传代用培养基。
步骤 (2)中培养时间为 4天。
步骤(3)中使用的维持液为 pH7. 6、 含 3. 5 %小牛血清的 MEM培养基, 毒种与细胞接种比例为 1: 120。
步骤(4)中使用相当于原维持液 3倍体积的 Ear le,s液洗涤细胞表面, 洗去牛血清。
步骤(5)中加入含有 10g jk清白蛋白、 80g/l蔗糖的 199综合培养 基收获细胞培养物。
步骤(7)中在原液内加入终浓度为 8g/ l 的明胶、 6g/l 的谷氨酸納、 3g八的尿素和 2g/l的精氨酸, 制成半成品, 检定合格的半成品水浴下分 装于适宜的可药用容器内, 以适宜的冻干方式进行冻干。 制备实施例 4,
本实施例的步骤与制备实施例 1,相类似, 区别在于:
步骤(1)中取人二倍体细胞 MRC-5按 1: 4比例, 以 ρΗ7· 6、 添加 15 % 小牛血清的 MEM细胞培养基为细胞传代用培养基。
步骤(2)中培养时间为 5天。
步骤(3)中使用的维持液为 pH7. 6、 含 3. 5 %小牛血清的 MEM培养基, 毒种与细胞接种比例为 1: 200。
步骤(4)中使用相当于原维持液 3倍体积的 Ear le's液洗涤细胞表面, 洗去牛血清。
步骤(5)中加入含有 15g/l jk清白蛋白、 50g/l蔗糖的 199综合培养 基收荻细胞培养物。
步驟(7)中在原液内加入终浓度为 lOg/1的明胶、 9g八的谷氨酸钠、 3g/ l的尿素和 1. 5g/l的精氨酸, 制成半成品, 检定合格的半成品水浴下 分装于适宜的可药用容器内, 以适宜^冻干方式进行冻干。 对上述四个制备实施例 1 一 4以及 1, - 4,制得的冻干疫苗分别于 37 X:、 2- 8 1C放置不同时间, 然后分别检测样品外观、 水分和病毒滴度。
合格样品的外观应为白色疏松体, 按标示量加入灭菌注射用水, 复溶 后应为澄明液体, 无异物。
样品中的水分按 2005年版《中华人民共和国药典》(三部)附录 VII D 检查, 应不高于 3.0%。
病毒滴度通过蚀斑法测定, 具体步骤如下:
取人二倍体细胞 MRC-5, 以 ρΗ7.4、 添加 15 %小牛血清的 MEM细胞培 养基为细胞传代用培养基接种六孔板, 置 37 C ±0.51C、 5%C02培养箱培养 3天, 待 MRC-5细胞形成均匀、 致密的细胞单层后, 接种用添加 10%小牛 血清、 5%蔗糖和 1%谷氨酸钠的 PBS緩冲液稀释的病毒液 0.1ml/孔,置 36.5 ± 0.5* 、 5%C02吸附 60分钟, 期间每 20分钟轻轻摇动一次。吸附完毕, 补加 pH7.6、 含 5%小牛血清的 MEM培养基维持液, 3ml/孔, 置 36. 士 0.5 、 5%C02培养 7天, 培养到期后, 吸出培养液, 用 PBS緩沖液洗涤细 胞表面 1次, 加染色液 lml/孔, 置室温 5分钟, 吸出染色液, 流水冲洗晾 干后计数蚀斑形成单位。 试验结果见以下各表:
表 1本发明的冻干水痘减毒活疫苗在 37 下放置的稳定性结果:
37 放置的时间 (天)
制备实施例 试验项目
0 7 14 21 28 外观 合格 合格 合格 合格 合格
1 水分 (%) 1.79 1.83 1.82 1.74 1.88
病毒滴度 (Log PFU/ml) 4.5 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.0 外观 合格 合格 合格 合格 合格
2 水分 (%) 1.77 1.81 1.75 1.79 1.87
病毒滴度 (Log PFU/ml) 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.2 外观 合格 合格 合格 合格 合格
3 水分 (%) 1.86 1.82 1.91 1.89 1.94
病毒滴度 (Log PFU/ml) 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.1 4.0 外观 合格 合格 合格 合格 合格
4 水分 0 1.80 1.87 1.86 1.79 1.85
病毒滴度 (Log PFU/ml) 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.1 4.0 表 2本发明的冻干水痘减毒活疫苗在 2-8 下放置的稳定性结果
Figure imgf000010_0001
表 3现有技术中含有明胶的冻干水痘减毒活疫苗在 37Ό下放置的稳定性 结果:
37TC放置的时间 (天)
制备实施例 试验项目
0 7 14 21 28 外观 合格 合格 合格 合格 合格
1, 水分 ( ) 1.80 1.79 1.82 1.89 1.90 病毒滴度 (Log PFU/ml) 4.5 4.3 4.1 3.9 3.7 外观 合格 合格 合格 合格 合格
2, 水分 (%) 1.77 1.72 1.80 1.79 1.83 病毒滴度 (Log PFU/ml) 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.1 外观 合格 合格 合格 合格 合格
3, 水分 (%) 1.94 1.89 1.87 1.92 1.96 病毒滴度 (Log PFU/ml) 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.1 3.9
4' 外观 合格 合格 合格 合格 合格 水分 ( ) 1.72 1.86 1.77 1.81 1.89 病毒滴度 (Log PFU/ml) 4.6 4.3 3.9 4.1 3.8 表 4现有技术中含有明胶的冻干水痘减毒活疫苗在 2-8 下放置的稳定性 结果:
Figure imgf000011_0001
由以上数据可以看出,本发明的不含明胶的疫苗冻干保护剂与目前常 规使用的含有明胶的保护剂相比, 保持疫苗稳定性的能力基本相同。 但是 由于在本发明的保护剂中不使用明胶, 所以大大提高了对人体的安全性。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种用作疫苗冻干保护剂的组合物,所述组合物所包括的各成分及其在 冻干原液中的初始浓度为: 人血清白蛋白 3-20g八、 蔗糖 30-100g/l、 海藻糖 10-30g/l、右旋糖酐 10- 50g八、谷氨酸钠 6-12g/ l、尿素 3-9g/l、 精氨酸 0. 5-2g/l 以及甘露醇 10-100g , 并且所述组合物中不含有明 胶。
2. 权利要求 1所述的组合物, 其中所述右旋糖酐为右旋糖酐 70。
3. 权利要求 1 所述的组合物, 其中所述蔗糖在冻干原液中的初始浓度为
40-60 g/l。
4. 权利要求 1所述的组合物,其中所述海藻糖在冻干原液中的初始浓度为
10-30 g/l。
5. 权利要求 1所述的组合物,其中所述甘露醇在冻干原液中的初始浓度为
10-20 g/l。
6. 一种冻干疫苗的制备方法,其特征在于在冻干过程中采用权利要求 1至
5任一项所述的组合物。
7. 权利要求 6所述的制备方法, 其中所述疫苗为水痘疫苗。
8. 权利要求 6所述的制备方法, 包括下列步骤:
(1) 以水痘病毒 Oka株为毒种, MRC-5 二倍体细胞为培养基质;
(2) 用培养基对 MRC-5株人二倍体细胞进行 增传代,其中细胞传代比 例为 1: 2-1: 4, 以 37"C培养 3-5天;
(3) 待 MRC-5株人二倍体细胞生长成均匀、 致密的单层细胞后, 更换 培养基维持液并加入毒种感染细胞;
(4) 当 MRC-5株人二倍体细胞出现 75 %以上典型病变时, 倒去原维持 液, 用相当于维持液 2倍 -3倍体积的洗涤液洗涤细胞表面;
(5) 加入疫苗液收获细胞培养物,所述疫苗液为含有 3-20g 人血清白 蛋白、 30- 100g八蔗糖、 10-30g八海藻糖、 10-50g八右旋糖酐、 6-12g八 谷氨酸钠、 3-9g/l尿素和 0. 5-2g/ l精氨酸的 199综合培养基或 PBS 緩冲液。
(6) 将细胞培养物经 -70*C以下冻融、 超声破碎细胞、 经澄清过滤后, 即为冻干原液;
(7) 在所述冻干原液内加入 10-lOOg/l的甘露醇, 进行冻干。
9. 权利要求 8所述的方法,其中在步骤(3)中维持液为 pH7.2-7.6、含 2%-5 %小牛血清的 MEM培养基;和 /或其中在步骤(3)中毒种与细胞接种比例 为 1:60-1:250;和 /或其中在步骤(4)中洗涤液为 Earle's液或 PBS緩沖 液。
10. 权利要求 1至 5任一项的组合物用于提高冻干疫苗的稳定性和安全性的 用途。
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CN104188923A (zh) * 2014-08-25 2014-12-10 北京合康源生物科技有限公司 一种新型冻干水痘减毒活疫苗的生产方法
CN104258404B (zh) * 2014-09-11 2015-05-27 长春长生生物科技股份有限公司 疫苗冻干保护剂、冻干水痘减毒活疫苗及其制备方法
CN105194680A (zh) * 2015-09-15 2015-12-30 天士力金纳生物技术(天津)有限公司 一种流感病毒亚单位疫苗保护剂及其应用
CN105662921B (zh) * 2015-12-25 2018-07-17 吉林农业大学 一种冷冻干燥油体的制备方法
CN106063933B (zh) * 2015-12-31 2020-01-07 武汉博沃生物科技有限公司 通用疫苗冻干保护剂及其应用
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