WO2010114086A1 - 超音波診断装置、及び送波信号発生回路 - Google Patents
超音波診断装置、及び送波信号発生回路 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010114086A1 WO2010114086A1 PCT/JP2010/055997 JP2010055997W WO2010114086A1 WO 2010114086 A1 WO2010114086 A1 WO 2010114086A1 JP 2010055997 W JP2010055997 W JP 2010055997W WO 2010114086 A1 WO2010114086 A1 WO 2010114086A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/0207—Driving circuits
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52019—Details of transmitters
- G01S7/5202—Details of transmitters for pulse systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- B06B2201/70—Specific application
- B06B2201/76—Medical, dental
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S367/00—Communications, electrical: acoustic wave systems and devices
- Y10S367/903—Transmit-receive circuitry
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that visualizes a tomographic image of a living body using a reception signal obtained by transmitting ultrasonic waves to a living body, and more particularly to a transmission technique that generates an arbitrary transmission waveform to be applied to an ultrasonic probe. .
- a sinusoidal wave or a rectangular wave of about 100 Vpp and several MHz to 20 MHz is used to drive an ultrasonic probe of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. Therefore, as a simple method for generating such a high-voltage transmission pulse from a transmission circuit that transmits ultrasonic waves in the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit, an electronic switch is provided for each of the positive and negative DC high-voltage power supplies Vp, Vn, A method of switching alternately is known (see Patent Document 1). In order to perform high-speed switching using such an electronic switch, a P-type MOS transistor (hereinafter referred to as PMOS) and an N-type MOS transistor (hereinafter referred to as NMOS) are usually used.
- PMOS P-type MOS transistor
- NMOS N-type MOS transistor
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems and provide an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus and a transmission signal generation circuit including a transmission circuit for generating a transmission signal excellent in IC.
- a probe that transmits and receives ultrasonic waves to a subject, a transmission circuit unit that supplies a voltage to be applied to the probe, and a received signal from the probe
- An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus comprising: a receiving circuit unit that amplifies; an ultrasonic image forming unit that forms an ultrasonic image based on ultrasonic image data from the receiving circuit unit; and a display unit that displays the ultrasonic image
- a source follower circuit of a field effect transistor hereinafter referred to as FET
- the source follower circuit provides a configuration for supplying an arbitrary voltage to the probe by controlling the gate voltage of the FET.
- the transmission circuit unit includes a plurality of connected source follower circuits, a control unit for controlling the gate voltage for each of the plurality of connected source follower circuits, and a drain of each FET via a diode.
- a power supply unit that applies a voltage lower than the power supply voltage is provided.
- the transmission circuit unit includes a plurality of connected source follower circuits and a control unit that commonly connects the gates of the FETs for the plurality of connected source follower circuits, and controls the voltage of the commonly connected gates.
- the drain of each FET may be provided with a power supply unit that applies a voltage lower than the power supply voltage via a diode.
- a current source for supplying a bias current to the source of the source follower circuit is configured using the same type of FET as the source follower circuit.
- bias constant current sources of the source follower circuit are provided, one of the bias constant current sources is set to a predetermined voltage power source, and the other bias constant current sources are higher and different.
- the level power supply is connected via a diode.
- ultrasonic waves are transmitted / received to / from a subject and applied to a probe of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that constitutes an ultrasonic image based on the received ultrasonic image data.
- An FET source follower circuit is used as a transmission signal generation circuit for generating an ultrasonic signal, and this source follower circuit provides a configuration for supplying an arbitrary voltage to the probe by controlling the gate voltage of the FET. .
- ultrasonic waves are transmitted to and received from a subject, and applied to a probe of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that constitutes an ultrasonic image based on the received ultrasonic image data.
- a transmission signal generation circuit for generating an ultrasonic signal an emitter follower circuit of a bipolar transistor may be used, and an arbitrary voltage may be supplied to the probe by controlling the base voltage of the bipolar transistor.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus using the transmission signal generation circuit of the present invention has the following effects. (1) Since the structure uses a transistor source follower circuit, an arbitrary output waveform can be generated by controlling the gate voltage.
- the transistors corresponding to each channel can be replaced with low-voltage transistors, so that the transistors can be reduced in size (space saving) and reduced in cost.
- the block diagram which shows one structural example of the whole ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus with which this invention is applied
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the basic configuration of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 1 is a device that forms and displays a two-dimensional ultrasonic image or a three-dimensional ultrasonic image for a diagnostic region using a reflected echo signal obtained by transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves in the subject 2.
- An ultrasonic probe 3 having a plurality of transducer elements that receive and receive an ultrasonic signal on the specimen 2, an ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 4 that transmits / receives an ultrasonic signal, and a two-dimensional ultrasonic image based on the received signal (B-mode image) or an ultrasonic image constructing unit 5 that constitutes a three-dimensional ultrasound image, a display unit 6 that displays an ultrasound image constructed in the ultrasonic image constructing unit 5, and a control unit that controls each element 7 and a control panel 8 for giving instructions to the control unit 7.
- Such an ultrasonic probe 3 requires a large number of transmission amplifiers.
- the present invention provides a transmission circuit for transmitting ultrasonic waves, particularly a transmission signal generation circuit suitable for IC formation, in the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 4.
- the transmission circuit may be called a transmission signal generation circuit or a transmission circuit unit.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a transmission signal generation circuit for one channel.
- 11 to 14 are source follower type NMOSFETs (TR11 to TR14) connected in multiple stages (so-called cascode connection)
- 21 to 24 are resistors with resistance values R21 to R24
- 31 is a variable current source
- 32 is a bias constant.
- a current source 41 is a probe for one channel.
- Reference numerals 51 and 52 denote DC power supplies Vdd and Vss, for example, + 100V and -100V.
- V4a Vdd ⁇ (R21 + R22 + R23 + R24)
- Vgs4 is a voltage between the gate and the source of the NMOSFET 14.
- Ib1 constant
- Vgs4 is substantially constant and small, so Vo ⁇ V4 approximately.
- the transmission signal generation circuit of the present embodiment can generate a waveform with an arbitrary amplitude, and can be configured with only NMOSFETs using a low breakdown voltage NMOSFET by cascode connection. Therefore, a low-cost transmission signal generation circuit can be provided.
- FIG. 3A 53 to 55 are newly installed power supplies V1 to V3, which supply constant voltages having a relationship of Vdd>V1>V2> V3.
- V1 to V3 which supply constant voltages having a relationship of Vdd>V1>V2> V3.
- a power supply to be used is automatically selected according to a desired output voltage. For example, when the output is lower than V3, the current source 36 is controlled so that the output voltage Vo becomes a predetermined output voltage Vo ( ⁇ Vdd ⁇ R24a * I4).
- the NMOSFETs 11 to 13 are controlled so that the NMOSFETs 11 to 13 are turned off.
- I3 may be controlled so that the gate voltage of the NMOSFET 13 is several V lower than V3.
- the control of the current sources 33 to 36 is performed by the control unit 7.
- Vdd 100V
- Vss -100V
- resistors 21a-24a 10k ⁇
- V1 70V
- V2 40V
- V3 10V
- forward voltage of diodes 61-63 is 0V for convenience
- NMOSFETs 11-14 are turned on The voltage between the gate and source is 0V.
- Vo 5V
- I4 0.5mA is applied.
- I1 to I3 pass a current of 3 mA or more in order to keep the FET 13 in the cut-off state, as described above.
- the power supply to the load can be controlled, and the power consumption can be suppressed.
- This power saving effect is effective when the number of probes is very large (as many as several thousand channels) like a two-dimensional probe.
- the voltage, waveform, frequency, and the like of the transmission signal depend on the part to be imaged, the depth, and the probe to be used, and can be realized by controlling the current of the variable current source with a signal from the control unit.
- the power supply can be automatically switched by the current of the variable current source 37.
- the variable current source 37 is controlled by a control signal from the control unit.
- the operation of the transmission signal generating circuit of this embodiment will be described in detail.
- the gates of NMOSFETs 11 to 14 are short-circuited and driven by NMOSFET 15 functioning as a control circuit. Therefore, since the NMOSFET 15 and the NMOSFETs 11 to 14 constitute a so-called Darlington connection, driving with the variable current source 37 and the resistor 25 can be achieved with low power.
- the variable current source 37 is controlled by, for example, a control signal from the control unit 7 in FIG. In this circuit, as in the second embodiment, an appropriate voltage power supply is automatically selected according to the output voltage of the NMOSFET 15.
- the gate voltage V5 of the NMOSFET 11 is lower than V1, so the NMOSFET 11 is turned off.
- the gate voltage V5 of the NMOSFET 12 is higher than V2, the NMOSFET 12 is turned on and the diode 62 is turned off.
- NMOSFETs 13 and 14 are on and diode 63 is off. In this way, only the power supply V1 is selected.
- the configuration of the present embodiment is the same at other levels, and an appropriate power source is selected according to the output of the variable current source 37, so that power consumption is small. Furthermore, since only one variable current source is required, control is easy.
- the bias constant current source 32 is used to flow the source follower bias current Ib1, but this bias constant current source circuit can be realized as shown in FIG. 5A, for example.
- FIG. 5B shows an example of the waveform timing of this embodiment of the constant current source for bias.
- an N-type FET (NMOSFET 16) of the same type as the FET used in the source follower circuit is used as the bias constant current source.
- An appropriate bias voltage is applied to the gate of the resistor 26 and the resistor 27 so that a small DC bias current Ib1 flows through the NMOSFET 16. Since the probe is normally a capacitive load, a large charge / discharge current instantaneously flows only when Vo rises and falls.
- the charging current is supplied from the source follower of the NMOSFET 14, and the discharging current is pulled by this constant current source for bias.
- Example 4 only one constant current source for bias by NMOSFET 16 was used and connected to a predetermined power supply Vss.However, as shown in FIG.6A, a large number of constant current sources for bias by NMOSFETs 16, 17, and 18 were prepared. By connecting to different power supply voltages Vss, Vs1, Vs2 (Vss ⁇ Vs1 ⁇ Vs2) and selecting an appropriate constant current source for bias according to the output voltage, power consumption can be further reduced.
- the diodes 64 and 65 prevent the NMOSFETs 17 and 18 from flowing in the reverse direction when the output voltage Vo is lower than Vs1 and Vs2.
- Vss -100V
- Vs1 -60V
- Vs2 -20V.
- the NMOS source follower type FET has been described as the transistor for the transmission amplifier. Instead, a circuit modification such as using an emitter follower type of a bipolar transistor is used. May be added. In that case, the base voltage may be controlled instead of the gate voltage.
- the present invention relates to an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that visualizes a tomographic image of a living body from a reception signal obtained by transmitting ultrasonic waves to a living body, and particularly as a transmission circuit technique for generating an arbitrary transmission waveform to be applied to an ultrasonic probe. Useful.
- 1 ultrasonic diagnostic device 2 subject, 3 ultrasonic probe, 4 ultrasonic transmission / reception unit, 5 ultrasonic image configuration unit, 6 display unit, 7 control unit, 8 control panel, 11-18 N-type MOSFET, 21 -30, 44, 45 resistance, 28, 42, 43 capacitor, 31-38 current source, 41 probe, 51-57 DC power supply, 61-65 diode
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
(1)出力パルス電圧がVpとVnの2値しかとれないため、任意のレベルが要求される超音波診断装置に対応できない。
(2)PMOSとNMOSの両方が必要であり、IC化する場合に製造プロセスが複雑になり、経済的ではない。
(3)PMOS、NMOSとも高耐圧が必要だが、高耐圧MOSは半導体チップサイズが大きく、多数スイッチを1チップに実装するのに不向きである。
(1)トランジスタのソースフォロア回路を用いた構成のため、そのゲート電圧を制御することにより任意の出力波形を発生できる。
図2は1チャネル分の送波信号発生回路を示した図である。同図において11~14は多段(いわゆるカスコード接続)に接続したソースフォロア型のNMOSFET(TR11~TR14)、21~24は抵抗値R21~R24の抵抗、31は可変電流源、32はバイアス用定電流源、41は1ch分の探触子である。また51及び52は直流電源Vdd、Vssであり、例えば+100V及び-100Vである。
図3Aにおいて、53~55は新規に設置した電源V1~V3であり、Vdd>V1>V2>V3の関係を持つ定電圧を供給する。ダイオード61~63と可変電流源33~36の制御により、所望する出力電圧に応じて使う電源が自動的に選択される。例えば、V3より低いレベルの出力では、電流源36を制御して所定の出力電圧Vo(≒Vdd-R24a*I4)になるようにする。このとき、NMOSFET11~13での電力消費をなくすため、NMOSFET11~13がオフするように、NMOSFET11~13を制御する。例えば、NMOSFET13をオフするには、NMOSFET13のゲート電圧がV3より数V低くなるようにI3を制御すれば良い。NMOSFET11、NMOSFET12も同様である。電流源33~36の制御は制御部7によって行われる。
第2の実施例と同様に可変電流源37の電流によって供給電源を自動的に切り替えることができる。可変電流源37の制御は制御部からの制御信号によって行う。
同図において、NMOSFET11~14のゲートはショートされ、制御回路として機能するNMOSFET15によって駆動される。したがってNMOSFET15とNMOSFET11~14はいわゆるダーリントン接続を構成しているため、可変電流源37と抵抗25による駆動は低電力で達成できる。なお、可変電流源37は、例えば、図1の制御部7からの制御信号等によって制御される。また本回路でも実施例2と同様、NMOSFET15の出力電圧に応じて適切な電圧電源が自動的に選択される。
Claims (7)
- 被検体に超音波を送受信する探触子と、前記探触子に印加する電圧を供給する送信回路部と、前記探触子からの受信信号を増幅する受信回路部と、前記受信回路部からの超音波画像データに基づいて超音波画像を構成する超音波画像構成部と、前記超音波画像を表示する表示部とを備えた超音波診断装置であって、
前記送信回路部は電界効果トランジスタ(FET)のソースフォロア回路が用いられ、前記ソースフォロア回路は前記FETのゲート電圧を制御することで任意の電圧を前記探触子に供給することを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 前記送信回路部は、複数の前記ソースフォロア回路と、複数接続された前記ソースフォロア回路毎の前記ゲート電圧を制御するための制御部と、前記FET各々のドレインに、ダイオードを介して電源電圧より低い電圧を印加する電源部を備える請求項1記載の超音波診断装置。
- 前記送信回路部は、複数の前記ソースフォロア回路と、複数接続された前記ソースフォロア回路毎の前記FETのゲートを共通接続し、共通接続された前記ゲートの電圧を制御する制御部と、前記FET各々のドレインに、ダイオードを介して電源電圧より低い電圧を印加する電源部を備える請求項1記載の超音波診断装置。
- 前記ソースフォロア回路にバイアス電流を流すための電流源を、前記ソースフォロア回路と同じ型のFETを使って構成する請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の超音波診断装置。
- 前記ソースフォロア回路のバイアス用定電流源を複数個設置し、前記バイアス用定電流源の一つを所定の電圧電源に、他の前記バイアス用定電流源にはそれより高く、かつ異なるレベルの電圧電源にダイオードを介して接続する請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の超音波診断装置。
- 被検体に超音波を送受信し、受信した超音波画像データに基づき超音波画像を構成する超音波診断装置の探触子に印加する超音波信号を発生する送波信号発生回路であって、FETのソースフォロア回路が用いられ、前記ソースフォロア回路は前記FETのゲート電圧を制御することで任意の電圧を前記探触子に供給することを特徴とする送波信号発生回路。
- 被検体に超音波を送受信し、受信した超音波画像データに基づき超音波画像を構成する超音波診断装置の探触子に印加する超音波信号を発生する送波信号発生回路であって、バイポーラトランジスタのエミッタフォロア回路が用いられ、前記バイポーラトランジスタのベース電圧を制御することで任意の電圧を前記探触子に供給することを特徴とする送波信号発生回路。
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JP2011507284A JP5410508B2 (ja) | 2009-04-02 | 2010-04-01 | 超音波診断装置、及び送波信号発生回路 |
US13/259,347 US9022941B2 (en) | 2009-04-02 | 2010-04-01 | Ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus and carrier signal generating circuit |
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US9676001B2 (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2017-06-13 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Driver device and driving method for driving a load, in particular an ultrasound transducer |
KR102192005B1 (ko) * | 2014-02-28 | 2020-12-16 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 초음파 진단 장치 및 그 동작방법 |
DE102015225116B4 (de) | 2015-12-14 | 2023-09-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Kühlung eines optischen Elements |
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62117533A (ja) * | 1985-11-15 | 1987-05-29 | 株式会社東芝 | 超音波診断装置の送信回路 |
JPH105218A (ja) * | 1996-06-20 | 1998-01-13 | Ge Yokogawa Medical Syst Ltd | 超音波振動子駆動方法および装置並びに超音波撮像装置 |
JPH1156839A (ja) * | 1997-08-14 | 1999-03-02 | Ge Yokogawa Medical Syst Ltd | 超音波送波パルス発生回路および超音波診断装置 |
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JPH0696009B2 (ja) * | 1986-09-30 | 1994-11-30 | 株式会社東芝 | 超音波診断装置 |
JP2735203B2 (ja) * | 1987-12-17 | 1998-04-02 | 株式会社東芝 | 超音波診断装置 |
JP3665408B2 (ja) | 1996-02-29 | 2005-06-29 | 株式会社東芝 | 駆動パルス発生装置 |
-
2010
- 2010-04-01 US US13/259,347 patent/US9022941B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-04-01 WO PCT/JP2010/055997 patent/WO2010114086A1/ja active Application Filing
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62117533A (ja) * | 1985-11-15 | 1987-05-29 | 株式会社東芝 | 超音波診断装置の送信回路 |
JPH105218A (ja) * | 1996-06-20 | 1998-01-13 | Ge Yokogawa Medical Syst Ltd | 超音波振動子駆動方法および装置並びに超音波撮像装置 |
JPH1156839A (ja) * | 1997-08-14 | 1999-03-02 | Ge Yokogawa Medical Syst Ltd | 超音波送波パルス発生回路および超音波診断装置 |
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US9022941B2 (en) | 2015-05-05 |
JP5410508B2 (ja) | 2014-02-05 |
JPWO2010114086A1 (ja) | 2012-10-11 |
US20120029351A1 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
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