WO2010113287A1 - 感光性導電ペースト及び電極パターン - Google Patents
感光性導電ペースト及び電極パターン Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010113287A1 WO2010113287A1 PCT/JP2009/056731 JP2009056731W WO2010113287A1 WO 2010113287 A1 WO2010113287 A1 WO 2010113287A1 JP 2009056731 W JP2009056731 W JP 2009056731W WO 2010113287 A1 WO2010113287 A1 WO 2010113287A1
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- conductive paste
- electrode pattern
- photosensitive
- silver powder
- mass
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
- H05K1/092—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks
- H05K1/095—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks for polymer thick films, i.e. having a permanent organic polymeric binder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/05—Patterning and lithography; Masks; Details of resist
- H05K2203/0502—Patterning and lithography
- H05K2203/0514—Photodevelopable thick film, e.g. conductive or insulating paste
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/02—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photosensitive conductive paste for forming an electrode pattern and an electrode pattern formed using the same.
- a pattern forming method using a printing technique such as screen printing is widely used.
- a pattern forming method using a photosensitive conductive paste and utilizing a photolithography technique is known as a method for forming a conductor pattern on a substrate using a conductive paste obtained by mixing conductive powder in an organic binder.
- a conductive paste contains glass frit together with conductive powder and is baked to remove organic components in the paste and to melt the glass frit. Adhesion is ensured.
- it is difficult to form a conductor pattern on a flexible film having low heat resistance or a substrate having no heat resistance.
- the conductive powder is contained in a solid content of 70 to 90% by mass, and the organic component is cured to cure the conductivity of the conductor pattern and the base material without firing.
- a method for ensuring the adhesion of the material see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2.
- the photosensitive conductive paste according to such a proposal it is necessary to mix a conductive powder generally using a highly conductive noble metal such as silver at a high concentration. There is a problem that it is difficult to reduce the thickness and cost.
- the present invention provides a photosensitive conductive paste capable of achieving high definition, thinning, and cost reduction of a conductor pattern while ensuring conductivity and adhesion between substrates without firing, and an electrode using the same
- the purpose is to provide a pattern.
- a photosensitive conductive paste containing an organic binder, silver powder, a photopolymerizable monomer, a photopolymerization initiator, and an organic solvent, wherein the silver powder has a primary particle size. 1.0 ⁇ m or less, a specific surface area of more than 1.5 m 2 / g to 2.0 m 2 / g, a tap density of 2.0 to 5.0 g / cm 3 , and a photosensitive conductive paste excluding organic solvents
- the photosensitive electrically conductive paste characterized by being contained in the ratio below 70 mass% is provided.
- the conductor pattern is highly refined, thinned and Cost reduction is possible.
- the photosensitive conductive paste of one embodiment of the present invention preferably further contains a thermosetting component.
- a thermosetting component By adding such a thermosetting component, the coating film is strengthened and the adhesion to the substrate can be improved.
- the photosensitive conductive paste of one embodiment of the present invention preferably does not contain a phosphorus compound. It is possible to ensure adhesion with the base material without containing a phosphorus compound, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in conductivity.
- the above-described photosensitive conductive paste is applied onto the substrate to form a coating film, and a predetermined pattern is exposed on the coating film.
- heat treatment is preferably performed at 120 to 320 ° C. It is possible to increase the definition, reduce the thickness, and reduce the cost of the formed electrode pattern while ensuring the adhesion between the conductivity and the substrate.
- the electrode pattern of one embodiment of the present invention is preferably formed using the above formation method.
- the conductivity and adhesion to the substrate are high, and the electrode pattern can be made finer, thinner, and less expensive.
- the film thickness can be 3.0 micrometers or less.
- the electronic display medium of one embodiment of the present invention preferably includes such an electrode pattern.
- an electrode pattern By using such an electrode pattern, high definition and thin film can be achieved, and it can be suitably used as an electronic display medium.
- the photosensitive conductive paste of one embodiment of the present invention it becomes possible to increase the definition of the electrode pattern, reduce the thickness, and reduce the cost while ensuring the adhesion between the conductive material and the base material without firing. .
- the photosensitive conductive paste of this embodiment is a photosensitive conductive paste containing an organic binder, silver powder, a photopolymerizable monomer, a photopolymerization initiator, and an organic solvent, and the silver powder is a primary particle.
- Photosensitive conductive paste having a diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m or less, a specific surface area of more than 1.5 m 2 / g to 2.0 m 2 / g, a tap density of 2.0 to 5.0 g / cm 3 and excluding organic solvents It is characterized by being contained in a proportion of less than 70% by mass. With such a configuration, it is possible to increase the definition of the conductor pattern, reduce the thickness, and reduce the cost while ensuring the adhesion between the conductivity and the base material without firing.
- a carboxyl group-containing resin specifically, a carboxyl group-containing photosensitive resin that itself has an ethylenic double bond, and a carboxyl group that does not have an ethylenically unsaturated double bond
- the resins can be used as an organic binder.
- the resin which may be either an oligomer or a polymer
- the resin include the following.
- a carboxyl group-containing resin obtained by copolymerizing an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as (meth) acrylic acid and a compound having an unsaturated double bond such as methyl (meth) acrylate, (2) A copolymer of an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as (meth) acrylic acid and a compound having an unsaturated double bond such as methyl (meth) acrylate, glycidyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid chloride, etc.
- a carboxyl group-containing photosensitive resin obtained by reacting an unsaturated carboxylic acid of the product, and reacting a polybasic acid anhydride such as tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride with the generated secondary hydroxyl group, (4) A copolymer of an acid anhydride having an unsaturated double bond such as maleic anhydride and a compound having an unsaturated double bond such as styrene is added to a hydroxyl group such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate.
- a carboxyl group-containing photosensitive resin obtained by reacting a compound having a saturated double bond; (5) A carboxyl group obtained by reacting a polyfunctional epoxy compound with an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as (meth) acrylic acid, and reacting the resulting secondary hydroxyl group with a polybasic acid anhydride such as tetrahydrophthalic anhydride.
- An epoxy group of a copolymer of an unsaturated double bond such as methyl (meth) acrylate and a glycidyl (meth) acrylate has one carboxyl group in one molecule, and an ethylenically unsaturated bond
- a carboxyl group-containing photosensitive resin obtained by reacting an organic acid not having a hydrogen atom, and reacting a polybasic acid anhydride with the generated secondary hydroxyl group
- the resins (1), (2), (3), and (6) are preferably used.
- (meth) acrylate is a term that collectively refers to acrylate, methacrylate, and mixtures thereof, and the same applies to other similar expressions hereinafter.
- Such a carboxyl group-containing photosensitive resin and a carboxyl group-containing resin preferably have a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 100,000 and an acid value of 50 to 100 mgKOH / g, respectively.
- weight average molecular weight of these resins is less than 1,000, the film adhesion during development is adversely affected.
- 100,000 development failure tends to occur. More preferably, it is 5,000 to 70,000.
- acid value of these resins is less than 50 mgKOH / g, the solubility in an aqueous alkali solution is insufficient and development failure tends to occur.
- it exceeds 100 mgKOH / g the adhesion of the film is deteriorated and the photocured part (exposed part) is dissolved during development.
- the double bond equivalent is preferably 350 to 2,000 g / equivalent.
- the double bond equivalent of the photosensitive resin is less than 350 g / equivalent, a residue is likely to remain during firing.
- it exceeds 2,000 g / equivalent the work margin during development is narrow, and a high exposure amount is required during photocuring. More preferably, it is 400 to 1,500 g / equivalent.
- Such a carboxyl group-containing photosensitive resin and a carboxyl group-containing resin may be used alone or in combination, but in any case, they are blended in a total amount of 10 to 50 parts by mass of the paste. It is preferable. When the blending amount of these polymers is less than 10 parts by mass, the resin distribution in the formed film tends to be non-uniform, and it is difficult to obtain sufficient photocurability and photocuring depth. Patterning becomes difficult. On the other hand, when the amount exceeds 50 parts by mass, the pattern is distorted or the line width is reduced during firing.
- the silver powder of this embodiment has a primary particle size of 1.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the primary particle size is 1.0 ⁇ m or less, shrinkage during thermosetting occurs uniformly, the line shape becomes sharp, and a dense film can be formed. If the primary particle size is larger than 1.0 ⁇ m, pinholes and gaps are likely to be formed in the conductive film after thermosetting, and it is difficult to obtain sufficient conductivity.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more from the viewpoint of cost reduction because the particle size becomes more expensive as it becomes smaller. More preferably, it is 0.5 to 0.7 ⁇ m.
- the primary particle diameter of silver powder means the average particle diameter of 10 random silver powders observed at 10,000 times using an electron microscope (SEM).
- the silver powder of this embodiment has a specific surface area of more than 1.5 m 2 / g to 2.0 m 2 / g.
- the specific surface area is within this range, light scattering is small, and curing proceeds sufficiently to the lower part of the conductive paste, and peeling during development can be suppressed.
- Silver powder having a tap density of 2.0 to 5.0 g / cm 3 is used. Within this range, a dense film with good paste applicability can be obtained. More preferably, it is 2.4 to 4.2 g / cm 3 .
- Such silver powder can be used in various shapes such as a spherical shape, a flake shape, and a dendrite shape, but it is preferable to use a spherical shape in consideration of optical characteristics and dispersibility.
- Such silver powder is blended in a proportion of 55 to 70% by mass in the composition excluding the organic solvent.
- the silver powder is less than 55% by mass, sufficient conductivity is difficult to obtain.
- it exceeds 70% by mass it becomes difficult to form a fine electrode pattern and obtain good film adhesion.
- electroconductive powder other than silver powder can also be mix
- simple substances such as Au, Pt, Pd, Ni, Cu, Al, Sn, Pb, Zn, Fe, Ir, Os, Rh, W, Mo, Ru, and alloys thereof, oxides thereof, tin oxide (SnO 2 ), indium oxide (In 2 O 3 ), ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) and the like can be blended.
- the photopolymerizable monomer of this embodiment is used for promoting photocurability and improving developability of the photosensitive conductive paste.
- Examples of the photopolymerizable monomer include 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polyurethane diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and pentaerythritol triacrylate.
- Pentaerythritol tetraacrylate trimethylolpropane ethylene oxide modified triacrylate, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, and methacrylates corresponding to the above acrylates; phthalic acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, succinic acid , Trimellitic acid, terephthalic acid and other polybasic acids and hydroxya Examples include mono-, di-, tri-, and more polyesters with kill (meth) acrylate, but are not limited to specific ones, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Can be used. Among these photopolymerizable monomers, polyfunctional monomers having two or more acryloyl groups or methacryloyl groups in one molecule are preferable.
- the blending amount of such a photopolymerizable monomer is suitably 20 to 100 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the organic binder.
- the compounding quantity of a photopolymerizable monomer is less than 20 mass parts, it will become difficult to obtain sufficient photocurability of a paste.
- the amount exceeds 100 parts by mass the photocuring of the surface portion is faster than the deep portion of the film, and thus uneven curing tends to occur.
- Examples of the photopolymerization initiator of this embodiment include benzoin and benzoin alkyl ethers such as benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, and benzoin isopropyl ether; acetophenone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 2, Acetophenones such as 2-diethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone and 1,1-dichloroacetophenone; 2-methyl-1- [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholinopropan-1-one, 2-benzyl- 2-Dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -butanone-1,2- (dimethylamino) -2-[(4-methylphenyl) methyl] -1- [4- (4-morpholinyl) phenyl Aminoacetophenones such as 1-butanone; 2-methyl Anthraquinones such as anthraquinone, 2-eth
- Thioxanthones such as acetophenone dimethyl ketal and benzyl dimethyl ketal; benzophenones such as benzophenone; or xanthones; (2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl) -2,4,4-pentylphosphine oxide, bis (2,4,4) 6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, ethyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine Phosphine oxide such as preparative; various peroxides may be mentioned, may be used alone or in combination of two or more of these known photopolymerization initiators.
- Examples of commercially available products include Irgacure 184, Irgacure 819, Irgacure 907, Irgacure 369, Irgacure 379, and Lucilin TPO manufactured by BASF, manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals.
- the blending amount of such a photopolymerization initiator is preferably 1 to 30 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the organic binder. More preferably, it is 5 to 20 parts by mass.
- photopolymerization initiators include tertiary compounds such as N, N-dimethylaminobenzoic acid ethyl ester, N, N-dimethylaminobenzoic acid isoamyl ester, pentyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate, triethylamine, and triethanolamine. It can be used in combination with one or more photosensitizers such as amines.
- a titanocene photopolymerization initiator such as Irgacure 784 manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, which starts radical polymerization in the visible region, and leuco dyes are cured as necessary. They can be used in combination as auxiliary agents.
- thermosetting component of this embodiment is used to enhance the adhesion of the photosensitive conductive paste to the substrate and the coating film. Further, the allowable range of the thermosetting temperature is widened, and the load in the thermosetting process is reduced.
- thermosetting component of this embodiment for example, an epoxy compound, an oxetane compound, and an isocyanate compound are preferably used. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the epoxy compound include bisphenol A type, hydrogenated bisphenol A type, bisphenol F type, bisphenol S type, phenol novolak type, cresol novolak type, bisphenol A novolak type, biphenol type, bixylenol type, and trisphenolmethane type. , N-glycidyl type, ⁇ -triglycidyl isocyanate, ⁇ -triglycidyl isocyanurate, alicyclic, and the like, but are not limited to specific ones, and are not limited to specific ones. Two or more kinds can be used in combination.
- oxetane compounds include 3-ethyl-3-hydroxymethyloxetane, 3-ethyl-3- (phenoxymethyl) oxetane (, 3-ethyl-3- (2-ethylhexyloxymethyl) oxetane, 1,4- Examples include known oxetane compounds such as bis ⁇ [(3-ethyl-3-oxetanyl) methoxy] methyl ⁇ benzene, bis (3-ethyl-3-oxetanylmethyl) ether, and phenol novolac type oxetane compounds. Can be mentioned.
- isocyanate compound examples include known isocyanate compounds such as phenylene diisocyanate, toluylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, cyclohexane diisocyanate, trimethylphenylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, and tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate.
- isophorone diisocyanate is particularly preferable because of easy control of the reaction.
- the compounding amount of these thermosetting components is preferably 1 to 100 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the organic binder. More preferably, it is 5 to 40 parts by mass.
- thermosetting catalyst can be used in combination with a photopolymerization initiator.
- This thermosetting catalyst can react not only the thermosetting component but also the uncured photopolymerizable monomer by aging at a high temperature for several minutes to about 1 hour.
- thermosetting catalyst examples include peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide, 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2′-azobis-2-methylbutyronitrile, 2,2 ′. -Azobis-2,4-divaleronitrile, 1'-azobis-1-cyclohexanecarbonitrile, dimethyl-2,2'-azobisisobutyrate, 4,4'-azobis-4-cyanovaleric acid, 2 -Methyl-2,2'-azobispropanenitrile, 2,4-dimethyl-2,2,2 ', 2'-azobispentanenitrile, 1,1'-azobis (1-acetoxy-1-phenylethane) 2,2,2 ′, 2′-azobis (2-methylbutanamide oxime) dihydrochloride, etc., and preferred are environmentally friendly non-cyanide and non-halogen type , 1'-azobis (1-acetoxy-1-phenylethane) and the like.
- thermosetting catalysts such as epoxy resins, such as imidazole, 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 2-phenylimidazole, 4-phenylimidazole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-phenyl Imidazole derivatives such as imidazole and 1- (2-cyanoethyl) -2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole; dicyandiamide, benzyldimethylamine, 4- (dimethylamino) -N, N-dimethylbenzylamine, 4-methoxy-N, Examples thereof include amine compounds such as N-dimethylbenzylamine and 4-methyl-N, N-dimethylbenzylamine, hydrazine compounds such as adipic acid dihydrazide and sebacic acid dihydrazide; and phosphorus compounds such as triphenylphosphine.
- epoxy resins such as imidazole, 2-methylimi
- Examples of commercially available products include 2MZ-A, 2MZ-OK, 2PHZ, 2P4BHZ, 2P4MHZ (both trade names of imidazole compounds) manufactured by Shikoku Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., and U-CAT (registered by San Apro). Trademarks) 3503N, U-CAT3502T (all are trade names of blocked isocyanate compounds of dimethylamine), DBU, DBN, U-CATSA102, U-CAT5002 (all are bicyclic amidine compounds and salts thereof), and the like.
- thermosetting catalyst for epoxy resins or oxetane compounds or a catalyst that promotes the reaction of epoxy groups and / or oxetanyl groups with carboxyl groups, either alone or in combination of two or more. Can be used.
- Examples of the organic solvent in this embodiment include ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and cyclohexanone; aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene, and tetramethylbenzene; cellosolve, methyl cellosolve, carbitol, methylcarbitol, butylcarbitol, Glycol ethers such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, triethylene glycol monoethyl ether; ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, cellosolve acetate, butyl cellosolve acetate, carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol acetate , Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoiso Esters such as tyrate; Alcohols such as ethanol, propano
- organic solvents are preferably blended in a proportion of less than 40% by mass with respect to the organic components in the photosensitive conductive paste from the viewpoint of coating workability.
- the organic component is an organic compound (including an organometallic compound) blended in the photosensitive conductive paste, and specifically includes an organic binder, a photopolymerizable monomer, a photopolymerization initiator, and a thermosetting component.
- Organic solvent, dispersant, stabilizer and the like are preferably blended in a proportion of less than 40% by mass with respect to the organic components in the photosensitive conductive paste from the viewpoint of coating workability.
- the organic component is an organic compound (including an organometallic compound) blended in the photosensitive conductive paste, and specifically includes an organic binder, a photopolymerizable monomer, a photopolymerization initiator, and a thermosetting component.
- Organic solvent, dispersant, stabilizer and the like are examples of organic solvents, dispersant, stabilizer and the like.
- inorganic fillers such as aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, glass fiber, carbon fiber, and mica powder, and organic fillers such as silicon powder, nylon powder, and urethane powder can be blended.
- known colorants such as phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine green, iodine green, disazo yellow, crystal violet, titanium oxide, carbon black, naphthalene black, hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether
- known thermal polymerization inhibitors such as tert-butylcatechol, pyrogallol and phenothiazine
- known thickeners such as asbestos, fine silica, organic bentonite and montmorillonite
- antifoaming agents such as silicones, fluorines and polymers
- additives such as leveling agents, imidazole-based, thiazole-based, triazole-based, and known adhesion-imparting agents such as silane coupling agents, dispersion aids, flame retardants, and fluidity-imparting agents can be blended.
- These components are mixed in a predetermined blending amount, and are kneaded and dispersed using, for example, a three roll or a blender to prepare the photosensitive conductive paste of this embodiment.
- an electrode pattern is formed as follows.
- the photosensitive conductive paste of this embodiment is applied onto a substrate by, for example, a screen printing method or an application method using a bar coater, a blade coater, or the like.
- the substrate is not particularly limited.
- a glass substrate, a ceramic substrate, a polyimide substrate, a BT (bismaleimide triazine) substrate, a glass epoxy substrate, a glass polyimide substrate, a phenol substrate, a paper phenol substrate, or the like is used. Can do.
- the coating film is subjected to pattern exposure and developed.
- an exposure method for example, contact exposure or non-contact exposure using a negative mask having a predetermined exposure pattern is possible.
- the exposure light source a halogen lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, a laser beam, a metal halide lamp, a black lamp, an electrodeless lamp, or the like is used.
- the exposure amount is preferably about 50 to 1000 mJ / cm 2 .
- the developing method a spray method, a dipping method or the like is used.
- a metal alkali aqueous solution such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium silicate, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanol, etc.
- An amine aqueous solution such as amine, particularly a metal alkali aqueous solution having a concentration of about 1.5 wt% or less is preferably used.
- the carboxyl group may be saponified, and the uncured portion (non-exposed portion) may be removed, and is not limited to these developers. Further, after the development, it is preferable to perform washing with water and acid neutralization in order to remove unnecessary developer.
- the pattern coating film of the photosensitive conductive paste obtained by exposure and development is heated and thermally cured to form an electrode pattern.
- the pattern coating film is heat-treated at a temperature of 120 to 320 ° C. for about 5 to 60 minutes to form a desired electrode pattern.
- the photosensitive conductive paste of this embodiment can form a high-definition electrode pattern of a thin film while ensuring the adhesion between the conductivity and the substrate. Moreover, since it is not baked, it can be formed on a heat-sensitive substrate such as a plastic film. For example, it can be applied as an electrode of an electronic display medium such as a flexible display or electronic paper.
- Ag powders A to E having different specific surface areas, tap densities, and primary particle sizes shown in Table 2 were used.
- This organic binder had a weight average molecular weight of about 10,000, a solid content acid value of 59 mgKOH / g, and a double bond equivalent of 950.
- the weight average molecular weight of the obtained copolymer resin was measured by connecting three pumps LC-6AD manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation and columns Shodex (registered trademark) KF-804, KF-803, and KF-802 manufactured by Showa Denko. It was measured by high performance liquid chromatography.
- composition Example 1 Organic binder 100.0 parts Monomer: TMPTA (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) 65.0 parts Irg369 (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) 15.0 parts Solvent: CA (manufactured by Shinko Organic Chemical Co., Ltd.) 90.0 parts Solvesso (manufactured by ExxonMobil Corporation) 0 parts Silver powder A 380.0 parts Modaflow (fluidity imparting agent) (manufactured by Monsanto) 5.0 parts (Composition Example 2) The composition ratio was the same as in Composition Example 1 except that the silver powder A was replaced with the silver powder B.
- composition Example 3 The composition ratio was the same as in Composition Example 1 except that silver powder A was replaced with silver powder C.
- composition Example 4 The composition ratio was the same as that of Composition Example 1 except that silver powder A was replaced with silver powder D.
- thermosetting component As a thermosetting component, it was set as the composition ratio similar to the composition example 1 except having added 20 mass parts of Epicoat 828 (Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd. product).
- composition Example 6 The composition ratio was the same as that of Composition Example 1 except that Solvesso was 60 parts by mass.
- composition Example 7 The composition ratio was the same as that of Composition Example 1 except that 5 parts by mass of P-1M (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.), which is a phosphate ester, was added as a stabilizer.
- P-1M manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.
- composition Example 8 The composition ratio was the same as that of Composition Example 1 except that silver powder A was replaced with silver powder E that was outside the range in which the Ag parameter was defined.
- composition Example 9 The composition ratio was the same as that of Composition Example 1 except that the silver powder A was 600 parts by mass and the solvesso was 25 parts by mass.
- composition examples 1 to 7 thus obtained were evaluated as examples 1 to 7, and the composition examples 8 and 9 were evaluated as comparative examples.
- viscosity The viscosity of each composition was measured at 25 ° C. using a corn plate viscometer TVH-33 manufactured by Toki Sangyo.
- test pieces were prepared using each composition and evaluated as follows.
- composition creation Each composition was applied on the entire surface of a glass substrate using a 380 mesh polyester screen. Subsequently, it dried at 80 degreeC for 20 minute (s) with the hot-air circulation type drying furnace, and formed the film
- the thickness of the formed 100 ⁇ m-width pattern was measured with a surface roughness meter.
- the resistance value in the formed 4 mm ⁇ 10 cm pattern was measured with a milliohm high tester.
- Table 2 shows the evaluation results.
- Ag content (%) is the Ag content in the photosensitive conductive paste excluding the organic solvent.
- Example 1 good evaluation results were obtained. Moreover, since Example 6 had much solvent amount with respect to an organic substance compared with Example 1, it turned out that a viscosity falls and workability
- Comparative Example 1 by using silver powder having a large primary particle size, the line shape was poor and the resistance value also increased. Moreover, the film thickness could not be reduced. Further, in Comparative Example 2, the electrode pattern itself could not be formed by setting the silver powder to a specified amount or more.
Abstract
Description
(2)(メタ)アクリル酸などの不飽和カルボン酸と、メチル(メタ)アクリレートなどの不飽和二重結合を有する化合物の共重合体に、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレートや(メタ)アクリル酸クロライドなどにより、エチレン性不飽和基をペンダントとして付加させることによって得られるカルボキシル基含有感光性樹脂、
(3)グリシジル(メタ)アクリレートなどのエポキシ基と不飽和二重結合を有する化合物と、メチル(メタ)アクリレートなどの不飽和二重結合を有する化合物の共重合体に、(メタ)アクリル酸などの不飽和カルボン酸を反応させ、生成した2級の水酸基にテトラヒドロフタル酸無水物などの多塩基酸無水物を反応させて得られるカルボキシル基含有感光性樹脂、
(4)無水マレイン酸などの不飽和二重結合を有する酸無水物と、スチレンなどの不飽和二重結合を有する化合物の共重合体に、2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレートなどの水酸基と不飽和二重結合を有する化合物を反応させて得られるカルボキシル基含有感光性樹脂、
(5)多官能エポキシ化合物と(メタ)アクリル酸などの不飽和カルボン酸を反応させ、生成した2級の水酸基にテトラヒドロフタル酸無水物などの多塩基酸無水物を反応させて得られるカルボキシル基含有感光性樹脂、
(6)メチル(メタ)アクリレートなどの不飽和二重結合を有する化合物とグリシジル(メタ)アクリレートの共重合体のエポキシ基に、1分子中に1つのカルボキシル基を有し、エチレン性不飽和結合を持たない有機酸を反応させ、生成した2級の水酸基に多塩基酸無水物を反応させて得られるカルボキシル基含有感光性樹脂、
(7)ポリビニルアルコールなどの水酸基含有ポリマーに多塩基無水物を反応させて得られるカルボキシル基含有樹脂、及び
(8)ポリビニルアルコールなどの水酸基含有ポリマーに、テトラヒドロフタル酸無水物などの多塩基酸無水物を反応させて得られるカルボキシル基含有樹脂に、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレートなどのエポキシ基と不飽和二重結合を有する化合物をさらに反応させて得られるカルボキシル基含有感光性樹脂、
などが挙げられ、特に(1)、(2)、(3)、(6)の樹脂が好適に用いられる。ここで、(メタ)アクリレートとは、アクリレート、メタアクリレート及びそれらの混合物を総称する用語であり、以下、他の類似の表現についても同様である。
本実施例では、表2に示した比表面積、タップ密度、及び1次粒径の異なるAg粉末A~Eを用いた。
温度計、攪拌機、滴下ロート、及び還流冷却器を備えたフラスコに、メチルメタクリレートとメタクリル酸を0.76:0.24のモル比で仕込み、溶媒としてジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、触媒としてアゾビスイソブチロニトリルを入れ、窒素雰囲気下、80℃で2~6時間攪拌し、樹脂溶液を得た。この樹脂溶液を冷却し、重合禁止剤としてメチルハイドロキノン、触媒としてテトラブチルホスホニウムブロマイドを用い、グリシジルメタクリレートを、95~105℃で16時間の条件で、上記樹脂のカルボキシル基1モルに対し0.12モルの割合の付加モル比で付加反応させ、冷却後取り出し、有機バインダーを得た。この有機バインダーは、重量平均分子量が約10,000、固形分酸価が59mgKOH/g、二重結合当量が950であった。なお、得られた共重合樹脂の重量平均分子量の測定は、島津製作所社製ポンプLC-6ADと昭和電工社製カラムShodex(登録商標)KF-804、KF-803、KF-802を三本つないだ高速液体クロマトグラフィーにより測定した。
有機バインダー 100.0部
モノマー:TMPTA(日本化薬社製) 65.0部
Irg369(チバスペシャリティケミカルズ社製) 15.0部
溶剤:CA(神港有機化学社製) 90.0部
ソルベッソ(エクソンモービル社製) 15.0部
銀粉末A 380.0部
モダフロー(流動性付与剤)(モンサント社製) 5.0部
(組成物例2)
銀粉末Aを銀粉末Bに置き換えたこと以外は、組成物例1と同様の組成比とした。
銀粉末Aを銀粉末Cに置き換えたこと以外は、組成物例1と同様の組成比とした。
銀粉末Aを銀粉末Dに置き換えたこと以外は、組成物例1と同様の組成比とした。
熱硬化成分として、エピコート828(ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)社製)を20質量部追加したこと以外は、組成物例1と同様の組成比とした。
ソルベッソを60質量部としたこと以外は、組成物例1と同様の組成比とした。
安定剤としてリン酸エステルであるP-1M(共栄社化学(株)製)5質量部を追加したこと以外は、組成物例1と同様の組成比とした。
銀粉末Aを、Agパラメータが規定される範囲外である銀粉末Eに置き換えたこと以外は、組成物例1と同様の組成比とした。
銀粉末Aを600質量部とし、ソルベッソを25質量部としたこと以外は、組成物例1と同様の組成比とした。
各組成物の粘度を、東機産業製コーンプレート型粘度計TVH-33を使用して25℃で粘度を測定した。
各組成物の塗布作業性について評価した。良好の場合を○、NGを×とした。
ガラス基板上に、各組成物を、380メッシュのポリエステルスクリーンを用いて全面に塗布した。次いで、熱風循環式乾燥炉にて80℃で20分間乾燥して、指触乾燥性の良好な皮膜を形成した。その後、光源としてメタルハライドランプを用い、ネガマスクを介して、組成物上の積算光量が200mJ/cm2となるようにパターン露光した、液温25℃の0.4wt%Na2CO3水溶液を用いて現像を行った後、水洗した。さらに、熱風循環式乾燥炉にて250℃×30分で熱硬化し、100μm幅のライン、0.4×10cmのラインが形成された試験片を作成した。
形成された100μm幅のパターンの欠損を、顕微鏡観察にて評価した。良好の場合を○、NGを×とした。
形成された100μm幅のパターンの膜厚表面粗さ計によりを測定した。
形成された4mm×10cmのパターンにおける抵抗値を、ミリオームハイテスターにより測定した。
Claims (6)
- 銀粉末と、
有機バインダーと、
光重合性モノマーと、
光重合開始剤と、
有機溶剤とを含有する感光性導電ペーストであって、
前記銀粉末は、一次粒径が1.0μm以下、比表面積が1.5m2/g超2.0m2/g以下、並びにタップ密度が2.0~5.0g/cm3であり、かつ前記有機溶剤を除く前記導電性ペーストに対して70質量%未満の割合で含有されることを特徴とする感光性導電ペースト。 - さらに、熱硬化成分を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の感光性導電ペースト。
- リン化合物を含有しないことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の感光性導電ペースト。
- 請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の感光性導電ペーストを基材上に塗布し、露光、現像したのち120~320℃で加熱処理して形成したことを特徴とする電極パターン。
- 前記電極パターンの膜厚は、3.0μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の電極パターン。
- 請求項5に記載の電極パターンを備えることを特徴とする電子表示媒体。
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