Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L51/04—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to rubbers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
  • C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
  • C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
  • C08K5/52—Phosphorus bound to oxygen only
  • C08K5/521—Esters of phosphoric acids, e.g. of H3PO4
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L51/08—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
  • C08L51/085—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds on to polysiloxanes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
  • C08L69/005—Polyester-carbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
  • C08L83/06—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
  • C09K21/06—Organic materials
  • C09K21/12—Organic materials containing phosphorus
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
  • C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
  • C08K5/52—Phosphorus bound to oxygen only
  • C08K5/521—Esters of phosphoric acids, e.g. of H3PO4
  • C08K5/523—Esters of phosphoric acids, e.g. of H3PO4 with hydroxyaryl compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L85/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage in the main chain of the macromolecule containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and carbon; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L85/02—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage in the main chain of the macromolecule containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and carbon; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers containing phosphorus

Definitions

• the present invention relates to flameproof impact-modified polycarbonate compositions containing a graft polymer comprising a silicone-acrylate composite rubber and a bisphenol A-based oligophosphate and free of rubber-free polyalkyl (alkyl) acrylate, the use of the polycarbonate compositions for the production of moldings and the Shaped body itself.
• WO-A 2004/069914 discloses flame-retardant polycarbonate compositions which contain polyalkyl (alkyl) acrylate and halogen-free oligophosphates and which are free from polymers in which butadiene, styrene or acrylonitrile are involved.
• the compositions are characterized by good Bindenahtfestmaschine, chemical resistance, heat resistance,
• compositions of the present invention differ from the compositions according to WO-A 2004/069914 in that the compositions according to the invention do not contain a rubber-free polyalkyl (alkyl) acrylate.
• WO-A 2002/046305 discloses impact-modified, flame-retardant polycarbonate compositions containing polycarbonate, impact modifier, phosphorus-containing flame retardants. The compositions are characterized ⁇ icl ⁇ an improved impact strength in the low temperature range. However, WO-A 2002/046305 does not disclose any compositions comprising an impact modifier having a graft base of silicone-acrylate composite rubber.
• EP-A 635547 discloses flame retarded polycarbonate compositions containing polycarbonate, a copolymer gel, an acrylate or diene rubber based
• Impact modifier a flame retardant such as oligophosphate, and optionally an impact modifier having a diene rubber backbone,
• EP-A 635547 does not disclose any compositions containing an impact modifier having a graft base of silicone-acrylate composite rubber.
• No. 4,623,766 discloses flame-retardant polycarbonate compositions having an impact modifier with a graft base of silicone-acrylate composite rubber, wherein the weight ratio of impact modifier to phosphorus from the phosphoric acid ester is between 2 and 15.
• the compositions have improved mechanical properties and good processing behavior.
• the compositions of the present invention differ from the compositions according to US Pat. No. 6,423,766 in that the compositions according to the invention have a higher weight ratio of impact modifier to phosphorus from the phosphoric acid ester.
• Vinyl monomers and B.2 95 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 90 to 75 wt .-%, particularly preferably 81 to 89
• R ⁇ , R.2, R ⁇ and R ⁇ independently of each other optionally substituted by halogen C j -Cg-alkyl, each optionally substituted by halogen and / or alkyl
• C5-C6-cycloalkyl, Cg-Cio-aryl or C ⁇ -C3-aralkyl, n are each independently 0 or 1
• q is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4
• N is from 0.1 to 10, preferably from 0.5 to 5, more preferably from 0.9 to 3, most preferably from 1.06 to 1.15,
• R ⁇ and R are independently C j -C ⁇ alkyl, preferably methyl, or halogen, preferably chlorine and / or bromine, and Y is single bond, Cj-Cy-alkylidene, Cj-C ⁇ -alkylene, C 5 -Ci2-cycloalkylene, C5-C12
• thermoplastic vinyl (co) polymer (E.1) and / or polyalkylene terephthalate (E.2) particularly preferably the composition is free of thermoplastic vinyl (co) polymers (E.1) and / or polyalkylene terephthalates (E.2)
• compositions are free of rubber free polyalkyl (alkyl) acrylate, and wherein all parts by weight in the present application are normalized such that the
• suitable aromatic polycarbonates and / or aromatic polyester carbonates according to component A are known from the literature or can be prepared by processes known from the literature (for
• Diphenols for the preparation of the aromatic polycarbonates and / or aromatic polyester carbonates are preferably those of the formula (I)
• Heteroatom-containing rings may be condensed, or a radical of the formula (II) or (III)
• B are each C to C alkyl, preferably methyl, halogen, preferably chlorine and / or bromine each x is independently 0, 1 or 2, p is 1 or 0, and
• R 7 and R 8 are individually selectable for each X 1 , independently of one another hydrogen or C 1 to C 6 -
• Alkyl preferably hydrogen, methyl or ethyl
• n is an integer from 4 to 7, preferably 4 or 5, with the proviso that on at least one atom X 1 , R 7 and R 8 are simultaneously alkyl.
• Preferred diphenols are hydroquinone, resorcinol, dihydroxydiphenols, bis (hydroxyphenyl) -C j -C j -alkanes, bis (hydroxyphenyl) -C 5 -C 6 -cycloalkanes, bis (hydroxyphenyl) ethers, bis (hydroxy-) phenyl) -sulfoxides, bis (hydroxyphenyl) -ketones, bis (hydroxyphenyl) -sulfones and ⁇ , ⁇ -bis (hydroxyphenyl) -diisopropyl-benzenes and their nuclear-brominated and / or ring-chlorinated derivatives.
• Particularly preferred diphenols are 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl j Bisnhenol-A. 2,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-methylbutane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane, 1,1-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 4.4 '-Dihydroxydiphenylsulf ⁇ d, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone and their di- and tetrabrominated or chlorinated derivatives such as 2,2-bis (3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl> l) - ⁇ ropane, 2,2-bis (3, 5-dich!
• oM-hydrrv ⁇ ynhenyl propane or 2,2-bis (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxy phenyl) propane.
• Particularly preferred is 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (bisphenol-A).
• the diphenols can be used individually or as any mixtures. The diphenols are known from the literature or obtainable by literature methods.
• Chain terminators suitable for the preparation of the thermoplastic, aromatic polycarbonates are, for example, phenol, p-chlorophenol, p-tert-butylphenol or 2,4,6-tribromophenol, but also long-chain alkylphenols, such as 4- [2- (2,4,4 -Trimethylpentyl)] - phenol, 4- (l, 3-tetramethyl-butyl) -phenol according to DE-A 2,842,005 or monoalkylphenol or dialkylphenols having a total of 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl substituents such as 3,5-di-tert.
• alkylphenols such as 4- [2- (2,4,4 -Trimethylpentyl)] - phenol, 4- (l, 3-tetramethyl-butyl) -phenol according to DE-A 2,842,005 or monoalkylphenol or dialkylphenols having a total of 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl substituents such as 3,5-di-
• the amount of chain terminators to be used is generally between 0.5 mol% mol%, and 10 mol% mol%, based on the molar sum of the diphenols used in each case.
• the thermoplastic aromatic polycarbonates have weight average molecular weight (M w , measured, for example, by GPC, ultracentrifuge or scattered light measurement) of 10,000 to 200,000 g / mol, preferably 15,000 to 80,000 g / mol, particularly preferably 24,000 to 32,000 g / mol.
• M w weight average molecular weight
• the thermoplastic, aromatic polycarbonates may be branched in a known manner, preferably by the incorporation of from 0.05 to 2.0 mol%, based on the sum of the diphenols used, of trifunctional or more than trifunctional compounds, for example those containing three and more phenolic groups.
• both homopolycarbonates and copolycarbonates are suitable.
• inventive copolycarbonates according to component A it is also possible to use from 1 to 25% by weight, preferably from 2.5 to 25% by weight, based on the total amount of diphenols to be used, of hydroxyaryloxy endblocked polydiorganosiloxanes. These are known (US 3 419 634) and can be prepared by literature methods. The preparation of polydiorganosiloxane-containing copolycarbonates is described in DE-A 3 334 782.
• Preferred polycarbonates are, in addition to the bisphenol A homopolycarbonates, the copolycarbonates of bisphenol A with up to 15 mol%, based on the molar amounts of diphenols, of other than preferred or particularly preferred diphenols, in particular 2,2-bis (3,5 dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane.
• Aromatic dicarboxylic acid dihalides for the preparation of aromatic Pulyestcicarbonatcn are preferably the diacid dichlorides of isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, diphenyl ether-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid and naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid.
• a carbonyl halide preferably phosgene, is additionally used as the bifunctional acid derivative.
• chain terminators for the preparation of the aromatic polyester are in addition to the aforementioned monophenols still their chloroformate and the acid chlorides of aromatic monocarboxylic acids, which may be substituted by C 1 to C 22 alkyl groups or by halogen atoms, and aliphatic C 2 to C 22 monocarboxylic acid chlorides into consideration.
• the amount of chain terminators is in each case 0.1 to 10 mol%, based on moles of diphenol in the case of the phenolic chain terminators and on moles of dicarboxylic acid dichloride in the case of monocarboxylic acid chloride chain terminators.
• the aromatic polyester carbonates may also contain incorporated aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids.
• the aromatic polyester carbonates can be branched both linearly and in a known manner (see DE-A 2 940 024 and DE-A 3 007 934).
• branching agents are trifunctional or polyfunctional carboxylic acid chlorides, such as trimesic acid trichloride, cyanuric trichloride, 3,3 ', 4,4'-benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid tetrachloride, 1,4,5,8-naphthalene tetracarboxylic acid tetrachloride or pyromellitic acid tetrachloride, in amounts of 0 , 01 to 1.0 mol% (based on dicarboxylic acid dichlorides used) or trifunctional or polyfunctional phenols, such as phloroglucinol, 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) hept-2-ene , 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -heptane, 1, 3, 5-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -benzene, 1,1,1-tri- (4- hydroxyphenyl) ethane
• the proportion of carbonate structural units can vary as desired.
• the proportion of carbonate groups is preferably up to 100 mol%, in particular up to 80 mol%, particularly preferably up to 50 mol%, based on the sum of ester groups and carbonate groups.
• Both the ester and the carbonate portion of the aromatic polyester carbonates may be present in the form of blocks or randomly distributed in the polycondensate.
• the relative solution viscosity ( ⁇ re) ) of the aromatic polycarbonates and polyester carbonates is in the range of 1.18 to 1.4, preferably 1.20 to 1.32 (measured on solutions of 0.5 g of polycarbonate or polyester carbonate in 100 ml of methylene chloride solution at 25 ° C).
• thermoplastic, aromatic polycarbonates and polyester carbonates can be used alone or in any desired mixture.
• Component B is
• the graft polymers B are prepared by free-radical polymerization, e.g. by emulsion, suspension, solution or bulk polymerization, preferably by emulsion or bulk polymerization.
• Suitable monomers Bl are vinyl monomers such as vinylaromatics and / or ring-substituted vinylaromatics (such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, p-chlorostyrene), methacrylic acid (C r C 8 ) -alkyl esters (such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, allyl methacrylate ), Acrylic acid (Ci-Cg) alkyl esters (such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate), organic acids (such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid) and / or vinyl cyanides (such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile) and / or derivatives (such as Anhydrides and imides) of unsaturated carboxylic acids (for example
• Preferred monomers B.l are selected from at least one of the monomers styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, methyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate and acrylonitrile. Particular preference is given to using B.l methyl methacrylate as the monomer.
• the glass transition temperature of the graft B.2 is ⁇ 10 0 C, preferably ⁇ 0 0 C, more preferably ⁇ -20 0 C.
• the graft B.2 generally has an average particle size (d 50 value) of 0.05 to 10 ⁇ m, preferably 0.06 to 5 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 0.08 to 1 ⁇ m.
• the average particle size d 50 is the diameter, above and below which each 50 wt .-% of the particles are. It can be determined by ultracentrifuge measurement (W. Scholtan, H. Lange, Kolloid-Z and Z. Polymere 250 (1972), 782-796).
• silicone-acrylate composite rubber is used as the graft base B.2 according to the invention.
• These silicone-acrylate composite rubbers are preferably composite rubbers with graft-active sites containing 10 to 90 wt .-% silicone rubber content and 90 to 10 wt .-% polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber share, wherein the two said rubber components in the Penetrate composite rubber so that they can not be separated from each other significantly.
• the proportion of the silicone rubber component is too high in the composite rubber, the finished resin compositions have disadvantageous surface properties and degraded colorability.
• the proportion of the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber component in the composite rubber is too high, the impact resistance of the finished resin composition is adversely affected).
• Silicone acrylate composite rubbers are known and described, for example, in US Pat. No. 5,807,914, EP 430134 and US Pat. No. 4,888,388.
• Suitable silicone rubber components B.2.1 of the silicone-acrylate composite rubbers according to B.2 are silicone rubbers having graft-active sites, whose preparation method is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 2,892,920, US Pat. No. 3,294,425, DE-OS 3 631 540, EP 249964, EP 430134 and US Pat. No. 4,888,388 ,
• the silicone rubber according to B.2.1 is preferably prepared by emulsion polymerization, in which siloxane monomer building blocks, crosslinking agents or branching agents (FV) and optionally grafting agents (V) are used.
• siloxane monomer building blocks are di-ethyl-divinyl siloxanes or cyclic organosiloxanes having at least 3 ring members, preferably 3 to 6 ring members, such as, for example and preferably, hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane, trimethyltriphenylcyclotri- siloxanes, tetramethyltetraphenylcyclotetrasiloxanes, octaphenylcyclotetrasiloxane used.
• the organosiloxane monomers can be used alone or in the form of mixtures with 2 or more monomers.
• the silicone rubber preferably contains not less than 50% by weight and more preferably not less than 60% by weight of organosiloxane, based on the total weight of the silicone rubber component.
• crosslinking or branching agent (IV) it is preferred to use silane-based crosslinking agents having a functionality of 3 or 4, more preferably 4. Examples which may be mentioned are: trimethoxymethylsilane, triethoxyphenylsilane, tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetra-n-propoxysilane and tetrabutoxysilane.
• the crosslinking agent may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more. Particularly preferred is tetraethoxysilane.
• the crosslinking agent is used in an amount ranging between 0.1 and 40% by weight based on the total weight of the silicone rubber component.
• the amount of crosslinking agent is chosen such that the degree of swelling of the silicone rubber, measured in toluene, is between 3 and 30, preferably between 3 and 25, and more preferably between 3 and 15.
• the degree of swelling is defined as the weight ratio between the amount of toluene, which is absorbed by the silicone rubber when saturated with toluene at 25 ° C and the amount of silicone rubber in the dried state. The determination of the degree of swelling is described in detail in EP 249964.
• the degree of swelling is less than 3, i.
• the silicone rubber does not show sufficient rubber elasticity. If the swelling index is greater than 30, the silicone rubber can not form a domain structure in the matrix polymer and therefore can not improve impact resistance, the effect would then be similar to simple addition of polydimethylsiloxane.
• Tetrafunctional crosslinking agents are preferred over trifunctional because then the degree of swelling is easier to control within the limits described above.
• Suitable as grafting agent (V) are compounds capable of forming structures of the filling formulas:
• CH 2 CH-SiR 10 n O (3.n) / 2 (V-2) or
• R ⁇ 0 for C j -C ⁇ alkyl preferably methyl, ethyl or propyl, or phenyl
• n is 0, 1 or 2
• p is an integer from 1 to 6.
• Acryloyl or methacryloyloxysilanes are particularly suitable for forming the above-mentioned structure (VI) and have a high grafting efficiency. This ensures effective formation of the graft chains and thus favors the impact resistance of the resulting resin composition.
• Exemplary and preferred are: ⁇ -methacryloyloxy-ethyldirnethoxymethyl-silane, ⁇ -methacryloyloxy-propyimethoxydimeiyl-silari, ⁇ -methacryloyloxy-propyldirnethoxymethyl-silane, ⁇ -Methacryloyloxy-propyltrimethoxy-silane, ⁇ -methacryloyloxy-propylethoxydiethyl-silane, ⁇ -methacryloyloxy-propyldiethoxymethyl-silane, ⁇ -methacryloyl-oxy-butyldiethoxymethyl-silanes or mixtures thereof.
• the silicone rubber can be prepared by emulsion polymerization, as described, for example, in US Pat. No. 2,892,920 and US Pat. No. 3,294,725.
• the silicone rubber is obtained in the form of an aqueous latex.
• a mixture containing organosiloxane, crosslinking agent and, optionally, grafting agent is shear mixed with water, for example by a homogenizer, in the presence of a sulfonic acid-based emulsifier, e.g. Alkylbenzenesulfonic acid or alkylsulfonic acid, wherein the mixture polymerized to the silicone rubber latex.
• a sulfonic acid-based emulsifier e.g. Alkylbenzenesulfonic acid or alkylsulfonic acid
• an alkylbenzenesulfonic acid since it acts not only as an emulsifier but also as a polymerization initiator.
• a combination of the sulfonic acid with a metal salt of an alkylbenzenesulfonic acid or with a metal salt of an alkylsulfonic acid is favorable because it stabilizes the polymer during the later graft polymerization.
• the reaction is terminated by neutralizing the reaction mixture by adding an aqueous alkaline solution, e.g. by adding an aqueous sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodium carbonate solution.
• an aqueous alkaline solution e.g. by adding an aqueous sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodium carbonate solution.
• Suitable polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber components B.2.2 of the silicone-acrylate composite rubbers according to B.2 can be prepared from alkyl methacrylates and / or alkyl acrylates, a crosslinking agent (VI) and a grafting agent (VII).
• alkyl methacrylates and / or alkyl acrylates are the C 1 to C 6 alkyl esters, for example methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, n-propyl, n-hexyl, n-butyl
• Octyl, n-lauryl and 2-ethylhexyl esters Haloalkyl, preferably halo-C] -C 8 - alkyl esters, such as chloroethyl acrylate and mixtures of these monomers. Particular preference is
• crosslinking agent (VI) for the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber component of
• Silicone acrylate rubbers can be used with monomers having more than one polymerizable double bond.
• Preferred examples of crosslinking monomers are esters of unsaturated ones
• the crosslinkers may be used alone or in mixtures of at least two crosslinkers.
• Exemplary and preferred grafting agents (VII) are allyl methacrylate, triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate or mixtures thereof. Allyl methacrylate can also be used as crosslinking agent (VI).
• the grafting agents may be used alone or in mixtures of at least two grafting agents.
• the amount of crosslinking agent (VI) and grafting agent (VII) is 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber component of the silicone acrylate rubber.
• the silicone acrylate composite rubber is prepared by first preparing the Siiikonkautschuk according to B.2.1 as an aqueous latex. This latex is then enriched with the alkyl methacrylates and / or alkyl acrylates to be used, the crosslinking agent (VI) and the grafting agent (VII), and polymerization is carried out. Radical initiating emulsification is preferred, for example by a peroxide, an azo or redox initiator. Particularly preferred is the use of a redox initiator system, especially a sulfoxylate initiator system prepared by combining iron sulfate, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, Rongalit and hydroperoxide.
• the grafting agent (V) used in the preparation of the silicone rubber causes the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber portion to be covalently bonded to the silicone rubber portion.
• the two rubber components penetrate each other and thus form the composite rubber, which can no longer be separated after the polymerization in its components of silicone rubber component and polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber component.
• the monomers B.I are grafted onto the rubber base B.2.
• the graft polymerization is carried out according to the following polymerization method:
• the desired vinyl monomers B1 are grafted onto the graft base, which is in the form of an aqueous latex.
• the grafting efficiency should be as high as possible and is preferably greater than or equal to 10%.
• the grafting efficiency depends largely on the grafting agent (V) or (VII) used.
• the aqueous latex After polymerization to the silicone (acrylate) graft rubber, the aqueous latex is placed in hot water in which metal salts have previously been dissolved, such as calcium chloride or magnesium sulfate. The silicone coats (acrylate) graft rubber and can then be separated.
• metal salts such as calcium chloride or magnesium sulfate.
• Methacrylchurealkylester- and Acrylklarealkylester- graft rubbers mentioned as component B) are commercially available. Examples include: Metablen® SX 005, Metablen® S-2030 and Metablen® SRK 200 from Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd.
• the molding compositions according to the invention contain as flame retardants phosphorus compounds according to formula (VIII),
• phosphorus compounds according to component C which are suitable according to the invention are generally known (see, for example, Ulimanns Encyklopadie der Technischen Chemie, Vol. 18, pp. 301 et seq., 1979; Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie, Vol. 12/1, p. Beistein, Vol. 6, p. 177).
• Preferred substituents R 1 to R 3 include methyl, butyl, octyl, chloroethyl, 2-chloropropyl, 2,3-dibromo-propyl, phenyl, cresyl, cumyl, naphthyl, chlorophenyl, bromophenyl, pentachlorophenyl and pentabromophenyl. Particularly preferred are methyl, ethyl, butyl, phenyl and naphthyl.
• the aromatic groups R ⁇ , R ⁇ , R ⁇ and R ⁇ can be substituted by halogen and / or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl.
• Particularly preferred aryl radicals are cresyl, phenyl, xylenyl, propylphenyl or butylphenyl as well as the brominated and chlorinated derivatives thereof.
• R5 and R *> are independently of each other preferably methyl or bromine.
• Y is preferably C j -Cy-alkylene, in particular isopropylidene or methylene, particularly preferably isopropylidene.
• n in the formula (I) may independently be 0 or 1, preferably n is 1.
• N has an average value.
• the average value of N may be from 0.1 to 10, preferably 0.5 to 5, more preferably 0.9 to 3. most preferably 1.06 to 1.15.
• the mean N values can be determined by determining the composition of the phosphate mixture (molecular weight distribution) by means of a suitable method [gas chromatograph (GC), high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas permeation chromatography (GPC)] and from this the mean values be calculated for N.
• GC gas chromatograph
• HPLC high pressure liquid chromatography
• GPC gas permeation chromatography
• compositions according to the invention may preferably contain fluorinated polyolefins D.
• Fluorinated polyolefins are generally known (cf., for example, EP-A 640 655).
• a commercially available product is, for example, Teflon® 30 N from DuPont.
• the fluorinated polyolefins can also be used in the form of a coagulated mixture of emulsions of the fluorinated polyolefins with emulsions of the graft polymers B) or an emulsion of a copolymer El), preferably based on styrene / acrylonitrile, wherein the fluorinated polyolefln as emulsion with an emulsion of the graft polymer or Copolymer and then coagulated.
• the fluorinated polyolefins can be used as a precompound with the graft polymer B) or a copolymer El), preferably based on styrene / acrylonitrile.
• the fluorinated polyolefins are mixed as a powder with a powder or granules of the graft polymer or copolymer and poundiert com- in conventional units such as internal kneaders, extruders or twin screw extruders in the melt, generally at temperatures of 200 to 330 0 C.
• the fluorinated polyolefins can also be used in the form of a masterbatch, which is prepared by emulsion polymerization of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of an aqueous dispersion of the fluorinated polyolefin.
• Preferred monomer components are styrene, acrylonitrile and mixtures thereof.
• the polymer is used after acid precipitation and subsequent drying as a free-flowing powder.
• the coagulates, pre-compounds or masterbatches usually have solids contents of fluorinated polyolefin of 5 to 95 wt .-%, preferably 7 to 60 wt .-%.
• Component E comprises one or more thermoplastic vinyl (co) polymers E.I. and / or polyalkylene terephthalates E.2.
• Suitable as vinyl (co) polymers E.l polymers of at least one monomer from the group of vinyl aromatics, vinyl cyanides (unsaturated nitriles), unsaturated carboxylic acids and derivatives (such as anhydrides and imides) of unsaturated carboxylic acids. Particularly suitable are (co) polymers from E.1.1 50 to 99, preferably 60 to 80 parts by weight of vinylaromatics and / or ring-substituted
• Vinylaromatics such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, p-chlorostyrene
• E.1.2 1 to 50 preferably 20 to 40 parts by weight of vinyl cyanides (unsaturated nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile) and / or unsaturated Carboxylic acids (such as maleic acid) and / or derivatives (such as anhydrides and imides) of unsaturated carboxylic acids (for example
• the vinyl (co) polymers El are resinous, thermoplastic and rubber-free.
• the copolymer of E.1.1 styrene and E.1.2 acrylonitrile is particularly preferred.
• the (co) polymers according to El are known and can be prepared by free-radical polymerization, in particular by emulsion, suspension, solution or bulk polymerization.
• the (co) polymers preferably have average molecular weights Mw (weight average, determined by light scattering or sedimentation) of between 15,000 and 200,000.
• the polyalkylene terephthalates of component E.2 are reaction products of aromatic dicarboxylic acids or their reactive derivatives, such as dimethyl esters or anhydrides, and aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic diols and mixtures of these reaction products.
• Preferred polyalkylene terephthalates contain at least 80 wt .-%, preferably at least 90 wt .-%, based on the dicarboxylic acid terephthalate and at least 80 wt .-%, preferably at least 90 mol%, based on the diol component of ethylene glycol and / or butanediol-1 , 4-residues.
• the preferred polyalkylene terephthalates may contain, in addition to terephthalic acid residues, up to 20 mole%, preferably up to 10 mole%, of other aromatic or cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 8 to 14 carbon atoms or aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, e.g. Residues of phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diphenyldicarboxylic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, cyclohexanediacetic acid.
• the preferred polycythene terephthaia can, in addition to Elhylc ⁇ glykol- or Cütandiol-l ⁇ -Rcstcr. up to 20 mole%, preferably up to 10 mole%, of other aliphatic diols of 3 to 12 carbon atoms or cycloaliphatic diols of 6 to 21 carbon atoms, e.g. Remains of 1,3-propanediol, 2
• the polyalkylene terephthalates can be prepared by incorporation of relatively small amounts of trihydric or trihydric alcohols or 3- or 4-basic carboxylic acids, e.g. according to DE-A 1 900 270 and US-PS
• branching agents are trimesic acid, trimellitic acid, trimethylolethane and -propane and pentaerythritol.
• polyalkylene terephthalates which have been prepared solely from terephthalic acid and its reactive derivatives (eg dialkyl esters thereof) and ethylene glycol and / or 1,4-butanediol, and mixtures of these polyalkylene terephthalates.
• Mixtures of polyalkylene terephthalates contain from 1 to 50% by weight, preferably from 1 to 30% by weight, of polyethylene terephthalate and from 50 to 99% by weight, preferably from 70 to 99% by weight, of polybutylene terephthalate.
• the preferably used polyalkylene terephthalates generally have an intrinsic viscosity of 0.4 to 1.5 dl / g, preferably 0.5 to 1.2 dl / g, measured in phenol / o-dichlorobenzene (1: 1 parts by weight) at 25 ° C. in the Ubbelohde viscometer.
• the polyalkylene terephthalates can be prepared by known methods (see, for example, Kunststoff-Handbuch, Volume VIII, pp. 695 et seq., Carl-Hanser-Verlag, Kunststoff 1973).
• the molding compositions according to the invention may contain at least one of the usual additives, e.g. Lubricants and mold release agents, nucleating agents, antistatic agents, stabilizers, dyes and pigments as well as fillers and reinforcing materials.
• Lubricants and mold release agents e.g., nucleating agents, antistatic agents, stabilizers, dyes and pigments as well as fillers and reinforcing materials.
• the component F also comprises ultrafine inorganic compounds which are characterized by a. average particle diameter of less than or equal to 200 nm, preferably less than or equal to 150 nm, in particular from 1 to 100 nm distinguished.
• Suitable finely divided inorganic compounds preferably consist of at least one polar compound of one or more metals of the 1st to 5th main group or 1st to 8th subgroup of the Periodic Table, preferably the 2nd to 5th main group or 4th to 8th subgroup, especially preferably the 3rd to 5th main group or 4th to 8th subgroup, or compounds of these metals with at least one element selected from oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, boron, carbon, nitrogen or silicon.
• Examples of preferred compounds are oxides, hydroxides, hydrous oxides, sulfates, sulfites, sulfides, carbonates, carbides, nitrates, nitrites, nitrides, borates, silicates, phosphates, hydrides, phosphites or phosphonates.
• the very finely divided inorganic compounds preferably consist of oxides, phosphates, hydroxides, preferably of TiO 2 , SiO 2 , SnO 2 , ZnO, ZnS, boehmite, ZrO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , aluminum phosphates, iron oxides, furthermore TiN, WC, AlO (OH ), Fe 2 O 3 iron oxides, NaSO 4 , vanadium oxides, zinc borate, silicates such as Al silicates, Mg silicates, one-, two-, three-dimensional silicates and talc. Mixtures and doped compounds are also useful. Furthermore, these very finely divided inorganic compounds can be surface-modified with organic molecules in order to achieve better compatibility with the polymers. In this way, hydrophobic or hydrophilic surfaces can be obtained. witness. Hydrate-containing aluminum oxides (eg boehmite) or TiO 2 are particularly preferred.
• Particle size and particle diameter always means the average particle diameter d 50 , determined by ultracentrifuge measurements according to W. Scholtan et al., Colloid-Z. and Z. Polymere 250 (1972), pp. 782-796.
• the inorganic compounds may be present as powders, pastes, brine dispersions or suspensions. By precipitation, powders can be obtained from dispersions, sols or suspensions.
• the inorganic compounds can be incorporated into the thermoplastic molding compositions by conventional methods, for example by direct kneading or extrusion of molding compositions and the very finely divided inorganic compounds. Preferred methods make the preparation of a masterbatch, e.g. in flame retardant additives and at least one component of the molding compositions according to the invention in monomers or solvents, or the co-precipitation of a thermoplastic component and the very finely divided inorganic compounds, e.g. by co-precipitation of an aqueous emulsion and the very finely divided inorganic compounds, optionally in the form of dispersions, suspensions, pastes or sols of the very finely divided inorganic materials.
• compositions according to the present inventions are prepared by mixing the particular constituents in a known manner and melt-compounded at temperatures of 200 0 C to 300 0 C in conventional units such as internal kneaders, extruders and double-shaft screw extruders.
• the mixing of the individual constituents can be carried out in a known manner both successively and simultaneously, both at about 20 ° C. (room temperature) and at a higher temperature.
• thermoplastic compositions and molding compositions according to the present invention are due to their excellent balance of flame resistance and toughness with high aging stability and high heat resistance for the production of moldings of any kind. Due to the heat resistance and rheological properties processing temperatures of over 240 0 C are preferred.
• the invention also relates to processes for the preparation of the molding compositions and the
• the molding compositions can be processed by injection molding into moldings or it can be the molding compositions to plates or Foils are extruded.
• Another object of the invention is the production of moldings by thermoforming from previously prepared sheets or films.
• the moldings are suitable for the following applications: vehicle exterior parts or interior fittings for motor vehicles, buses, trucks, campers, rail vehicles, aircraft, watercraft or other vehicles, cover plates for the construction sector, flat wall elements, partitions, wall protection and edge protection strips, profiles for electrical installation ducts, cable ladder, Busbar covers, window and door profiles, furniture parts and traffic signs.
• the moldings are particularly suitable for the following applications: vehicle exterior parts or interior fittings for cars, buses, trucks, campers, rail and aircraft.
• the moldings are suitable for the production of side walls, panels and / or covers of airbags and / or ventilation, side panels and handles or parts of headrests or shelves of a motor vehicle bus, truck or RV.
• Linear polycarbonate based on bisphenol A with a relative solution viscosity of ⁇ re i 1.28 measured in CH 2 Cl 2 as a solvent at 25 ° C. and a concentration of 0.5 g / 100 ml.
• Component A-2 is a compound having Component A-2:
• Linear polycarbonate based on bisphenol A with a relative solution viscosity of ⁇ re i 1.20, measured in CH 2 Cl 2 as solvent at 25 ° C. and a concentration of 0.5 g / 100 ml.
• Branched polycarbonate based on bisphenol A with a relative solution viscosity of ⁇ re i 1.33 measured in CH 2 Cl 2 as a solvent at 25 ° C and a concentration of 0.5g / 100ml, which is obtained by adding 0.3 mol% Isatinbiscresol was branched to the sum of isatin biscresol and bisphenol A.
• Component B-2 (comparison):
• Graft polymer of 25 wt .-% of a shell of SAN (weight ratio of styrene to acrylonitrile 72:28) to 75% of a graft of polybutadiene rubber.
• Component B-3 (comparative): Graft polymer of 20 wt .-% of a shell of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to 80 wt .-% of a graft basis of butyl acrylate rubber.
• PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
• F-2 phosphite stabilizer, Irganox ® B 900, Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Basel, Switzerland..
• F-3 Pural ® 200, a aluminum oxide hydroxide derFirma Sasol, Hamburg, Germany.
• Comparative Example 4 contains a component B with a butadiene-based graft rubber base and is only insufficiently age-stable.
• Comparative Example 5 contains a component B with a graft rubber base of acrylate rubber and this composition does not meet the high requirements for low temperature toughness and Flame resistance. Unfavorable ratios of component B (impact modifier) to phosphorus content of component D lead to either insufficient flame retardancy (Comparative Example 6) or reduced toughness (Comparative Example 7).

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