WO2010108384A1 - 一种四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮配体、合成方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮配体、合成方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2010108384A1
WO2010108384A1 PCT/CN2010/000349 CN2010000349W WO2010108384A1 WO 2010108384 A1 WO2010108384 A1 WO 2010108384A1 CN 2010000349 W CN2010000349 W CN 2010000349W WO 2010108384 A1 WO2010108384 A1 WO 2010108384A1
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phosphorus
compound
tetrahydroquinoline
porphyrin
nitrogen
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French (fr)
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游书力
刘文博
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中国科学院上海有机化学研究所
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/547Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
    • C07F9/6564Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms
    • C07F9/6571Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07F9/657154Cyclic esteramides of oxyacids of phosphorus
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/18Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
    • B01J31/1845Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing phosphorus
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07BGENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B53/00Asymmetric syntheses
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D209/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D209/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
    • C07D209/04Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
    • C07D209/08Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2231/00Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2231/40Substitution reactions at carbon centres, e.g. C-C or C-X, i.e. carbon-hetero atom, cross-coupling, C-H activation or ring-opening reactions
    • B01J2231/44Allylic alkylation, amination, alkoxylation or analogues
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/80Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
    • B01J2531/82Metals of the platinum group
    • B01J2531/827Iridium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the synthesis and application of a chiral tetrahydroquinoline and a porphyrin-derived phosphorus-nitrogen compound, which can be optically purely combined with dinaphthol and 2-methylporphyrin (or 2-methyl-).
  • 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline was synthesized as a raw material in high yield, and the ligand was successfully applied to the asymmetry of 3-indene-1-propene catalyzed by metal ruthenium.
  • the ligand has very good enantioselective control of the ortho-substrate in various asymmetric allyl substitution reactions catalyzed by metal ruthenium.
  • Phosphorus and nitrogen compounds which are optically pure binaphthyldiol skeletons are widely used in transition metal catalyzed reactions for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds and carbon hetero bonds, and can be synthesized with high enantioselectivity and regioselectivity.
  • Feringa ligand and its derivatives are represented [(a) Feringa, BL Acc. Chem. Res. 2000, 33, 346. (b) Minnaard, AJ; Feringa, BL Lefort, L.; de Vries, J. G; Acc. Chem. Res. 2007, 40, 1267.
  • the reaction has a very good effect and can effectively solve the enantioselectivity problem of the ortho-substituted cinnamate carbonate substrate. Therefore, the ligand has a very important significance for the expansion of the range of the allyl substitution reaction substrate catalyzed by metal ruthenium. Potentially applied to a variety of metal-catalyzed asymmetric reactions.
  • the method of the invention is an effective synthesis of tetrahydroquinoline and porphyrin based on optically pure binaphthyl diphenol, phosphorus trichloride, optically pure tetrahydroquinoline and porphyrin compounds.
  • the object of the present invention is also to provide the use of the above-mentioned phosphorus-nitrogen compound as a ligand in a metal ruthenium-catalyzed allyl substitution reaction.
  • the phosphorus-nitrogen compound provided by the present invention can be used in a metal ruthenium-catalyzed asymmetric allyl substitution reaction, and the product can be obtained with high efficiency and enantioselectivity.
  • the invention provides a method for synthesizing a phosphorus-nitrogen compound based on tetrahydroquinoline and porphyrin, which is an effective chiral binaphthyl compound, phosphorus trichloride and chiral tetrahydroquine.
  • the raw material of the method is easy to obtain, the reaction condition is mild, and the product is easy to be separated and purified.
  • the phosphorus-nitrogen compound based on tetrahydroquinoline and porphyrin synthesized by the invention can be effectively applied to the allyl substitution reaction catalyzed by metal ruthenium, and can be obtained with high enantioselectivity and regioselectivity.
  • the product greatly broadens the substrate range of such reactions.
  • the process of the present invention is an effective method for synthesizing phosphorus-nitrogen compounds using binaphthyl diphenol, phosphorus trichloride, and tetrahydroquinoline and porphyrin compounds.
  • the method of the invention is an effective synthesis of phosphorus and nitrogen based on binaphthyldiol skeleton by using optically pure binaphthyl diphenol, phosphorus trichloride, optically pure tetrahydroquinoline and porphyrin compounds as raw materials.
  • the method of the compound is an effective synthesis of phosphorus and nitrogen based on binaphthyldiol skeleton by using optically pure binaphthyl diphenol, phosphorus trichloride, optically pure tetrahydroquinoline and porphyrin compounds as raw materials.
  • the method of the compound is an effective synthesis of phosphorus and nitrogen based on binaphthyldiol skeleton by using optically pure binaphthyl diphenol, phosphorus trichloride, optically pure tetrahydroquinoline and porphyrin compounds as raw materials.
  • optically pure phosphorous-nitrogen compound synthesized by the present invention can be used in a metal ruthenium-catalyzed asymmetric allyl substitution reaction, and the product can be obtained with high efficiency and enantioselectivity.
  • the binaphthyl skeleton has an axial chiral structure
  • * is a chiral carbon atom
  • RR 2 is optionally selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen or a hydrocarbon group of 16 , particularly a halogen selected from halogen, 16 fluorenyl or C 3 -C 16 a C 4 -C 10 N, O or S containing heterocyclic group, an aryl group or an R 3 -substituted aryl group; the aryl group is a phenyl or naphthyl group; and R 3 is a C r C 4 hydrocarbon group; , -C 4 perfluoroalkyl, a halogen or a C r C 4 alkoxy; n-value of 0-1.
  • the phosphorus-nitrogen compound of the present invention may have the following structure:
  • the chiral tetrahydroquinoline and porphyrin-derived phosphorus-nitrogen compounds of the present invention are based on binaphthyl diphenol, phosphorus trichloride, tetrahydroquinoline and porphyrin compounds, in organic solvents and alkalis.
  • the reaction is prepared under the action and can be expressed by the following formula:
  • binaphthyl diphenol is an optically pure axial chiral compound
  • * represents a chiral carbon atom
  • n is 0-1
  • base is the combination of various bases and bases and additives mentioned above, solv.
  • R 2 is independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen, dC 16 hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl dC 16; C 4 -C 1Q containing N, 0 or S, a heterocyclic group, an aryl group, R 3 a substituted aryl group; the The aryl group is a phenyl group or a naphthyl group; R 3 is a hydrocarbon group of dC 4 , a perfluorohydrocarbyl group of - a halogen or an alkoxy group of dC 4 ; the value of n is 0-1, and * is a chiral carbon atom.
  • the base is triethylamine, 1, 8-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]undec-7-ene, 1, 5-diazabicyclo[4,3,0] ⁇ -5-ene, anthracene, fluorene-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide, cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium phosphate, potassium acetate, potassium phosphate, sodium hydride, n-butyllithium, bis(trimethylsilyl) Sodium amide, lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, sodium methoxide, proton sponge, potassium t-butoxide, sodium t-butoxide or diisopropylethylamine Silver trifluorosulfonate, lithium chloride, molecular sieve or the like is added as an additive.
  • the molar ratio of the binaphthyl diphenol compound, tetrahydroquinoline and porphyrin compound, phosphorus trichloride and alkali is 1-1.5:1-1.5:1-1.5:3-10, and the recommended reaction The molar ratio is: the molar ratio of the binaphthyl phenol compound, the tetrahydroquinoline and the porphyrin compound, the phosphorus trichloride, and the alkali is 1:1:1:6.
  • the reaction is carried out at a temperature of -78 V to 120 °C.
  • the recommended reaction temperature is -78 ° ⁇ to 80 °C.
  • the reaction time is 8 hours to 24 hours.
  • the water is distilled water.
  • the organic solvent may be a polar or non-polar solvent.
  • a polar or non-polar solvent such as benzene, carbon tetrachloride, petroleum ether, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, diethyl ether, methylene chloride, trichloromethane, toluene, xylene, cyclohexane, hexamethylene, hexamethylene, dioxane Ring, acetonitrile, etc.
  • the tetrahydroquinoline and the porphyrin-derived phosphorus-nitrogen compound can be separated by recrystallization, thin layer chromatography, column chromatography under reduced pressure, and the like. If recrystallization is used, it is recommended that the solvent be a mixed solvent of a polar solvent and a non-polar solvent.
  • the recommended solvent may be a mixed solvent of methylene chloride-n-hexane, isopropanol-petroleum ether, ethyl acetate-petroleum ether, ethyl acetate-n-hexane, isopropanol-ethyl acetate-p-oleyl ether.
  • the thin layer chromatography and the column chromatography method are used as a mixed solvent of a polar solvent and a nonpolar solvent.
  • Ethyl acetate: petroleum ether 1:0.1-50
  • isopropanol: petroleum ether 1:0.1-500.
  • the invention provides an effective synthesis of phosphorus-nitrogen compounds derived from tetrahydroquinoline and porphyrin based on binaphthyl phenols, tetrahydroquinoline and porphyrins and phosphorus trichloride as raw materials.
  • the method has mild reaction conditions, simple operation and easy availability of raw materials, high yield and convenient purification.
  • the present invention relates to tetrahydroquinoline and porphyrin-derived phosphorus-nitrogen compounds, which can be used in the reaction of a plurality of different types of terpenoids and allyl carbonates catalyzed by metal ruthenium.
  • the yield is also good, the regioselectivity is high, and the enantioselectivity is high.
  • the enantioselectivity problem of ortho-substituted cinnamyl carbonate as a substrate can be effectively solved, and the substrate range of such a reaction is broadened.
  • L* means a phosphorus-nitrogen compound
  • mol means a mole
  • NaH means sodium hydrogen
  • THF is tetrahydrofuran
  • rt means room temperature.
  • chiral ligand (0.008 mmol) synthesized in Example 1 n-propylamine (0.5 mL) and THF (0.5 mL) were sequentially added to a dry reaction tube A. ), react at 50 ° C for 30 minutes, then naturally cool to room temperature and then drain the oil pump.
  • the table is the Feringa phosphorus-nitrogen ligand (S,S,S a )-la commonly used in the metal ruthenium catalyst system and the phosphorus-nitrogen compound ( , /?)- ⁇ 3 in this patent as a ligand, Comparison of the results of allylation of dimethyl diacids as nucleophiles helps to understand the application of this novel phosphorus-nitrogen ligand. -
  • L* refers to a ligand of a phosphorus-nitrogen compound
  • mol refers to a mole
  • dioxane is a dioxane
  • reflux refers to reflux.
  • the following table shows the Feringa phosphorus-nitrogen ligands (S,S,S a )-la commonly used in the metal ruthenium catalyst system and the phosphorus-nitrogen compounds involved in the patent as ligands, and the steroids as nucleophiles. Comparison of the results of the allyl thiolation reaction helps to understand the application of this novel bismuth nitrogen ligand.
  • IR (KBr): 3424, 3051, 3001, 2934, 2830, 1718, 1636, 1625, 1596, 1583, 1508, 1484, 1456, 1438, 1209: 1172, 1045, 1027, 921, 800, 781 cm -1 .

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Description

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一种四氢喹啉和吲哚啉 生的磷氮配 体、 合成方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种手性四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合物的合成和应用, 该方法可以光学纯联二萘酚和 2-甲基吲哚啉 (或 2-甲基 -1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉)为原料 高收率的合成这种配体, 并把该配体成功地应用于金属铱催化 3-吲哚 -1-丙烯类 化合物的不对称合成中, 以及用丙二酸酯为亲核试剂的铱催化烯丙基取代反应 中。该配体在金属铱催化的各种不对称烯丙基取代反应中,对邻位底物具有非常 好的对映选择性控制。
背景技术
棊于光学纯的联萘二酚骨架的磷氮类化合物广泛的应用于过渡金属催化的 形成碳碳键和碳杂键的反应之中,可以高对映选择性、区域选择性的合成目标化 合物。 其中以 Feringa配体及其衍生物为代表 [(a) Feringa, B. L. Acc. Chem. Res. 2000, 33, 346. (b) Minnaard, A. J.; Feringa, B. L. Lefort, L.; de Vries, J. G; Acc. Chem. Res. 2007, 40, 1267. (c) Alexakis, A.; Rosset, S.; Allamand, J.; March, S.; Guillen, R; Benhaim, C. Synlett 2001, 1375-1378. (d) Naasz, R.; Arnold, L. A.; Minnaard, A. J.; Feringa, B. L. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 927-930. (e) Polet, D.; Alexakis, A. Synthesis 2004, 2586-2590.]。 这类泡沫状固体的配体不但合成复杂, 难以通过重结晶提纯, 并且金属催化的不对称反应中还存在一些局限性。 例如, 在金属铱催化的烯丙基取代反应中,对邻位带有取代基的肉桂碳酸酯类底物,收 率和对映选择性都有明显的降低 [(a) Lopez, F.; Ohmura, T.; Hartwig, J. F. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 3426. (b) Polet, D.; Alexakis, A.; Tissot-Croset, Κ·; Corminboeuf, C; Ditrich, K. Chem. Eur. J. 2006, 12, 3596. (c) Yamashita, Y.; Gopalarathnam, A.; Hartwig, J. F. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 7508. (d) Pouy, M. J.; Leitner, A.; Weix, D. J.; Ueno, S.; Hartwig, J. F. Org. Lett. 2007, 9, 3949. (e) Liu, W.-B.; He, H.; Dai, L.-X.; You, S.-L. Org. Lett. 2008, 10, 1815.]。 为了解决这些问 题,本发明人设计合成了一种四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合物,该配体合 成简单,容易通过重结晶提纯,并且对金属铱催化的烯丙基取代反应具有非常好 的效果,可以有效解决邻位取代的肉桂碳酸酯底物的对映选择性问题。因此该配 体对于金属铱催化的烯丙基取代反应底物范围的拓展具有非常重要的意义,可以 潜在应用于各种金属催化的不对称反应。
发明目的
本发明的目的是提供一种磷氮类化合物。
本发明的方法是一种有效的以光学纯的联萘二酚,三氯化磷,光学纯的四氢 喹啉和吲哚啉类化合物为原料的合成基于四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合 物的方法。
本发明的目的还提供上述磷氮类化合物作为配体在金属铱催化的烯丙基取 代反应中的应用。
本发明所提供的磷氮类化合物可以在金属铱催化的不对称烯丙基取代反应 中应用, 能以高的效率和对映选择性得到产物。
发明概要
本发明提供了一种合成基于四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合物的方法, 是一种有效的以手性联萘二酚类化合物、三氯化磷和手性四氢喹啉和吲哚啉为原 料,在碱的作用下合成光学纯的磷氮类化合物的方法。该方法的原料易得、反应 条件温和、 产物易于分离提纯。
本发明所合成的基于四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合物,可以有效的应 用于金属铱催化的烯丙基取代反应中,能以高的对映选择性和区域选择性得到产 物, 极大的拓宽了此类反应的底物范围。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种有效的合成光学纯的磷氮类化合物的方法和这种 化合物在金属铱催化的烯丙基取代反应中的应用。
本发明的方法是一种有效的用联萘二酚、三氯化磷和四氢喹啉和吲哚啉类化 合物合成磷氮类化合物的方法。
本发明的方法是一种有效的以光学纯的联萘二酚,三氯化磷,光学纯的四氢 喹啉和吲哚啉类化合物为原料的合成基于联萘二酚骨架的磷氮类化合物的方法。
本发明所合成的光学纯的磷氮类化合物可以应用在金属铱催化的不对称烯 丙基取代反应中, 能以高的效率和对映选择性得到产物。
本发明的方法所述的合成四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合物的分子通 式是:
Figure imgf000004_0001
其中联萘骨架具有轴手性结构, *为手性碳原子, R R2任意选自氢原子、 卤 素或 16的烃基, 尤其是选自卤素、 16的垸基或 C3-C16的环浣基; C4-C10 的含 N、 O或 S的杂环基、 芳基或 R3取代的芳基; 所述的芳基是苯基或萘基; R3为 CrC4的烃基、 -C4的全氟烃基、 卤素或 CrC4的烷氧基; n的值为 0-1。
本发明所述磷氮类化合物可以具有以下结构:
(R.Re) (R.Sa) (R,Ra) (R.Sa)
Figure imgf000004_0002
(R,Ra) (RSe) (R,RB)
Figure imgf000004_0003
Figure imgf000005_0001
(R,SJ (R,Sa)
Figure imgf000005_0002
尤其是具有以下结构的磷氮类化合物:
Figure imgf000005_0003
本发明的手性四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合物是以联萘二酚、三氯化 磷和四氢喹啉和吲哚啉类化合物为原料,在有机溶剂和碱的作用下反应制得,可 用下式表示:
Figure imgf000005_0004
其中联萘二酚为光学纯的轴手性化合物, *表示手性碳原子, n为 0-1, base 为上文提到的各种碱及碱和添加剂的组合, solv.为上文提到的各种溶剂。
联萘二酚类化合物结构式为:
Figure imgf000005_0005
, 四氢喹啉和吲哚啉类化合 物结构式为:
Figure imgf000006_0001
R2任意选自氢原子、 卤素、 d-C16的烃 基、 d-C16的取代烃基; C4-C1Q的含 N、 0或 S的杂环基、芳基、 R3取代的芳基; 所述的芳基是苯基或萘基; R3为 d-C4的烃基、 - 的全氟烃基、 卤素或 d-C4 的烷氧基; n的值为 0-1, *为手性碳原子。
所述的碱是三乙胺、 1, 8-二氮杂二环 [5, 4, 0]十一碳 -7-烯、 1, 5-二氮杂二 环 [4, 3, 0]壬 -5-烯、 Ν,Ο-双 (三甲基硅基)乙酰胺、 碳酸铯、 碳酸钾, 磷酸钾、 醋 酸钾、磷酸钾、氢化钠、正丁基锂、二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠、二(三甲基硅基) 氨基锂、 二(三甲基硅基)氨基钾、 甲醇钠、质子海绵、 叔丁醇鉀、 叔丁醇钠 或者二异丙基乙基胺以及加入三氟磺酸银、 氯化锂、 分子筛等作为添加剂。
. 所述的联萘二酚类化合物、 四氢喹啉和吲哚啉类化合物、三氯化磷、碱的摩 尔比为 1-1.5:1-1.5:1-1.5:3-10, 推荐反应的摩尔比为: 联萘二酚类化合物、 四氢 喹啉和吲哚啉类化合物、三氯化磷、碱的摩尔比为 1:1:1:6。反应在温度为 -78 V 至 120 °C , 推荐反应温度为: -78 °〇至80 °C。 反应时间为 8小时一 24小时。
本发明方法中, 所述水为蒸馏水。 所述有机溶剂可以是极性或非极性溶剂。 如苯、 四氯化碳、石油醚、 四氢呋喃、 二甲基甲酰胺、 乙醚、 二氯甲垸、 三氯甲 垸、 甲苯、 二甲苯、 环己垸、 正己垸、 正庚垸、 二氧六环、 乙腈等。
采用本发明方法所得产物四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合物可以经过 重结晶, 薄层层析, 柱层析减压蒸馏等方法加以分离。如用重结晶的方法, 推荐 溶剂为极性溶剂与非极性溶剂的混合溶剂。推荐溶剂可为二氯甲垸一正己烷,异 丙醇一石油醚, 乙酸乙酯一石油醚, 乙酸乙酯一正己垸, 异丙醇一乙酸乙酯一石 油醚等混合溶剂。用薄层层析和柱层析方法,所用的展开剂为极性溶剂与非极性 溶剂的混合溶剂。推荐溶剂可为异丙醇一石油醚,乙酸乙酯一石油醚,乙酸乙酯一 正己浣, 异丙醇一乙酸乙酯一石油醚等混合溶剂,其体积比可以分别是: 极性溶 剂: 非极性溶剂 = 1:0.1— 500。例如: 乙酸乙酯: 石油醚 = 1:0.1— 50, 异丙醇: 石油醚 = 1:0.1— 500。
本发明提供了一种有效的由联萘二酚类化合物、 四氢喹啉和吲哚啉类化合 物和三氯化磷为原料合成基于四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合物的方法。该 方法反应条件温和, 操作简单原料易得, 收率高, 提纯方便。 本发明涉及到的四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合物,可以应用在金属铱 催化的多种不同类型的吲哚类化合物和烯丙基碳酸酯类化合物的反应中,反应的 产率也较好, 区域选择性高,对映选择性高。可以有效解决邻位取代的肉桂碳酸 酯作为底物的对映选择性问题, 拓宽了此类反应的底物范围。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例将更好的说明本发明,但需要强调的是本发明绝对不仅限于这 几个实施例所表述的内容。
实施例 1 : 四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合物的合成:
Figure imgf000007_0001
氩气保护下, 在一个干燥的 250毫升三口瓶中, 加入甲苯 (50 mL)和三氯化 磷 (0.67 mL, 7.7 mmol), 冷却至 0 °C; 在另一个干燥的 25毫弁烧瓶中, 加入手 性四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生物 (7.7 mmol), 甲苯 (8 mL),和三乙胺 (1.8 mL, 12.9 mmol), 然后逐渐滴加到上述 250毫升的烧瓶中。 滴加完毕后, 升温至 80 °C反 应 6小时,然后再逐渐冷却至 -78 °C。再向该体系中缓慢加入联萘二酚(7.0 mmol) 和 三乙胺(3.5 mL, 25.2 mmol)的甲苯 (30 mL)和四氢呋喃 (6 mL)溶液。 该体系于 室温下搅拌过夜, 硅藻土过滤, 减压蒸馏除去溶剂, 粗产物通过柱层析分离(石 油醚 /乙酸乙酯 /三乙胺: 10/1/0.01)。
P1 , <T-〖(R)-1,1'-联萘 -2»2'-二酚基] -AT-[(R)-2-甲基二氢吲哚]磷氮
Figure imgf000007_0002
(R,Ra)
白色固体,熔点: 201-204 °C;收率: 84%, >95% de, [a]D 20 = -315.4° (c 0.5, CHC13). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) δ = 8.01-7.86 (m, 4 H), 7.57 (d, J= 8.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.46-7.37 (m, 4 H), 7.32-7.23 (m, 3 H), 7.13 (d, J= 6.9 Hz, 1 H), 6.94-6.79 (m, 3 H), 3.73 (m, 1 H), 3.12 (dd, J= 8.4, 15.6Hz, 1 H), 2.38 (d, J= 15.6 Hz, 1 H), 1.06 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 3 H). 31P NMR (121 MHz, CDC13) δ = 147.0. 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDC13) δ = 149.76, 149.70, 149.4, 145.2, 145.0, 132.77, 132.75, 132.60, 132.59, 131.5, 130.9, 130.64, 130.60, 130.5, 130.1, 128.3, 127.05, 127.01, 126.91, 126.22, 126.17, 125.5, 125.0, 124.7, 124.17, 124.10, 122.69, 122.67, 121.78, 121.76, 121.5, 121.06, 121.03, 112.7, 112.5, 55.84 (d, J = 4.6 Hz), 37.5, 23.23 (d, J = 1.7 Hz). MS (EI, m/z, rel. intensity) 447 (W, 80); HRMS-EI: mlz [M]+ calcd for C29H22N02P (IVT): 447.1388, Found: 447.1392. IR (KBr): 3054, 2966, 2924, 2849, 1620, 1590, 1508, 1479, 1464, 1457, 1432, 1369, 1253, 1234, 1222, 1204, 1160, 1106, 1071, 1025, 986, 950, 939, 924, 823, 807, 748 cm-1.
P2: 0,0'-[(5)-l,l'-联萘 -2 -二酚基 l-AT-〖(R)-2-甲基二氢吲哚]磷氮
Figure imgf000008_0001
( Sa) 白色固体,熔点: 167-171 °C;收率: 87%; >95% de; [a]D 20 = +213.4° (c 0.5, CHCI3). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) 6 = 7.97 (d, J= 8.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.91 (d, J= 8.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.80 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.64 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.54 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.43-7.35 (m, 4 H), 7.25 (m, 2 H), 7.11 (d, J= 9.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.07 (d, J= 8.1 Hz, 1 H), 6.79-6.71 (m, 2 H), 6.62-6.57 (m, 1 H), 4.40 (m, 1 H), 3.31 (dd, J= 9.0, 15.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.50 (d, J= 15.3 Hz, 1 H), 0.80 (d, J= 6.3 Hz, 3 H). 31P NMR (121 MHz, CDCI3) δ = 149.4. 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDC13) δ = 150.03, 149.95, 149.0, 145.7, 145.5, 132.83, 132.81, 132.50, 132.48, 131.5, 131.08, 131.04, 130.8, 130.4, 129.6, 128.3, 128.2, 127.0, 126.8, 126.7, 126.2, 126.0, 125.0, 124.8, 124.5, 124.3, 124.2, 122.35, 122.32, 122.1, 121.72, 121.70, 121.1, 113.5, 113.4, 55.43 (d, J= 8.8 Hz), 37.71 (d,J= 1.7 Hz), 23.14 (d, J = 2.9 Hz). MS (EI, m/z, rel. intensity) 447 (IV^, 80); HRMS-EI: mlz [M]+ calcd for C29H22NO2P { ): 447.1388, Found: 447.1386. IR (KBr): 3049, 2973, 2953, 2919, 1618, 1590, 1505, 1478, 1459, 1430, 1369, 1325, 1313, 1251, 1232, 1220, 1205, 1106, 1070, 1042, 1025, 982, 949, 906, 819,797, 789, 755, 747 cm .
P3: 0,i?'-[(R)-l,l'-联萘 -2 '-二酚基] -N-[(J?)-2-甲基 -1 3,4-四氢喹啉】磷氮
Figure imgf000009_0001
(R.Ra)
白色固体,熔点: 210-212 °C; 收率: 92%; >95% de; [a]D 20 = -255.2° (c 1.0, CHC13). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) 5 = 8.01 (d, J= 9.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.94-7.89 (m, 3 H), 7.60 (d: J = 8.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.55 (dd, J = 3.6, 8.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.42 (dd, J = 3.6, 8.1 Hz, 4 H), 7.31-7.21 (m, 3 H), 7.11-7.06 (m, 2 H ), 6.93 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.71 (m, 1 H), 2.78 (t, J= 4.5 Hz, 2 H), 2.04-1.92 (m, 1 H), 1.45-1.38 (m, 1 H), 0.94 (d, J= 6.6 Hz, 3 H). 31P NMR (121 MHz, CDC13) 5 = 141.0. 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDC13) δ = 150.0, 149.9, 149.4, 139.9, 139.6, 132.75, 132.73, 132.7, 131.50, 131.48, 130.61, 130.55, 129.9, 129.8, 128.3, 128.2, 127.2, 127.1, 126.38, 126.35, 126.26, 126.20, 126.15, 126.06, 125.0, 124.6, 124.11, 124.03, 122.12, 122.09, 121.8, 121.66, 121.63, 121.31, 121.28, 119.8, 119.3, 45.73 (d, J = 2.3 Hz), 27.9, 22.8, 19.0. MS (EI, m/z, rel. intensity) 461 (IVT, 66); HRMS-EI: mlz [M]+ calcd for C30H24NO2P (M^: 461,1545, Found: 461.1548. IR (KBr): 3055, 2976, 2941, 1620, 1590, 1575, 1508, 1490, 1465, 1448, 1432, 1369, 1326, 1311, 1229, 1201, 1161, 1120, 1072, 1023, 987, 952, 944, 940, 930: 869, 861, 823, 806, 786, 749 cm'1.
P4: <?,CT-[(S)-1,1'-联萘 -2»2'-二酚基】 -N-【(R)-2-甲基 -1 3,4-四氢喹啉 I磷氮
Figure imgf000009_0002
(R,Sa)
白色固体,熔点: 200-202 °C; 收率: 87%; de >95%; [a]D 20 = +241.9° (c 1.0, CHC13). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.94-7.85 (m, 4 H), 7.47-7.18 (m, 9 H), 7.08-6.93 (m, 3 H), 3.88-3.82 (m, 1 H), 2.75 (m, 2 H), 1.97-1.85 (m, 1 H), 1.49-1.42 (m, 1 H), 0.83 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 3 H). NMR (121 MHz, CDC13) δ = 143.8. "C NMR (75 MHz, CDC13) δ = 149.54, 149.45, 149.0, 139.8, 139.5, 132.7, 132.5, 131.4, 130.7, 130.4, 129.6, 128.32, 128.25, 127.11, 127.05, 127.0, 126.2, 126.1, 126.0, 124.8, 124.6, 124.05, 123.98, 122.21, 122.16, 121.9, 121.4, 121.1, 45.2, 28.2, 22.2, 17.6. MS (EI, m/z, rel. intensity) 461 (M^, 69); HRMS-EI: mlz [M]+ calcd for C30H24NO2P (IVT): 461.1545, Found: 461.1549. IR (KBr): 3055, 2974, 1619, 1587, 1577, 1505, 1491, 1463, 1453, 1431, 1378, 1360, 1326, 1307, 1228, 1204, 1190, 1155, 1133, 1116, 1096, 1071, 1054, 1027, 983, 944, 862, 821, 799, 792, 782, 748 cm-1.
P5: 0, '-【(Λ)-1,1'-联萘 -33,-二溴代 -2»2'-二酚基】 -iV-【(R)-2-甲基-吲哚啉】磷氮
Figure imgf000010_0001
(R,Ra) MS (EI, m/z) 602 (IVT).
P6: 0,0'-[(5)-1,1'-联萘 -3 ,-二溴代 -2»2'-二酚基】-7V-[(R)-2-甲基-吲哚啉】磷氮
Figure imgf000010_0002
(R, Sa) MS (EI, m/z) 602 (M*).
P7: O, '-【(R)-1,1'-联萘 -33,-二苯基 -2,2'-二酚基卜 AT-〖(R)-2-甲基-吲哚啉〗磷氮
Figure imgf000010_0003
(R'Ra) MS (EI, m/z) 599 (M^.
P8: 0'-[(5)-1,1'-联萘-353,-二溴代-252'-二酚基】-^-【^)-2-甲基-吲哚啉】磷氮
Figure imgf000011_0001
(R'sa) MS (EI, m/z) 599 (M^).
P9: i>W-【(W)-U'-联萘 -33'-二异丙基 -2,2'-二酚基 A (R)-2-甲基-
Figure imgf000011_0002
P10: Ο,Ο'-〖0¾-1,1'-联萘 -33'-二异丙基 -2 -二酚基】 -Λ4( )-2-甲基-吲哚啉〗磷氮
Figure imgf000011_0003
Pll : Ο,Ο (R)-l,l'-(5,6,7,8-四氢联萘) -2»2'-二酚基] -iV-【(R)-2-甲基-吲哚啉】磷氮
Figure imgf000011_0004
P12: 0,0'-【(5)-1,Γ-(5,6,7,8-四氢联萘 )-2»2'-二酚基】 -N-〖(R)-2-甲基-吲哚啉】磷氮
Figure imgf000011_0005
( Sa) MS (EI, m/z) 455 (IVT).
PI 3 : 0'-【(R)-l,l'-(5,6-亚甲基二氧基联苯) 二酚基卜V-[(R)-2-甲基-吲哚啉] 磷氮
Figure imgf000012_0001
(R'Ra) MS (EI, mz) 435 (IV .
甲基二氧基联苯) -2 -二酚基] -ΛΤ-【( )-2-甲基-吲哚啉】
Figure imgf000012_0002
( Sa) MS (EI, m/z) 435 (IV .
P15:0,0'-[(R)-1,1'-联萘 -3»3,-二溴代 -2»2'-二酚基】 -N-[(R)-2-甲基 -1»2»3,4-四氢喹啉】 磷氮
Figure imgf000012_0003
(R.Ra) MS (EI, nz) 617(1^.
P16: 0,0'-[(S)- 磷氮
Figure imgf000012_0004
(RSa) . MS (EI, m/z) 617 (IVT).
P17:0,0'-[(R)-1,1'-联萘 -3»3,-二苯基 -2»2'-二酚基卜 JV-[(R)-2-甲基 -1^23,4-四氢喹啉 1 磷氮
Figure imgf000013_0001
MS(EI,mz)613 (M^.
?^:^,^ -^-联萘^^,-二苯基^^-二酚基 ^^^ 甲基- ^ 四氢喹啉】 磷氮
Figure imgf000013_0002
?19:0,0'-【(R)-1,1'-联萘 -33,-二异丙基 -2 '-二酚基】 -N-[(R)-2-甲基 -1»2»3,4-四氢喹 啉]磷氮
Figure imgf000013_0003
(R'R^ MS (EI, m/τ 545 (IVT).
?20:0,0'-〖(5)-1,1'-联萘-353,-二异丙基-2»2'-二酚基]-^"【( -2-甲基-1»2)3,4-四氢喹 啉】憐氮
Figure imgf000013_0004
Figure imgf000014_0001
(R'Ra) MS (EI, τη/ζ) 469 (IVT).
P22: 0,<T-【(S)-l,l'-(5,6,7,8-四氢联萘) -2»2'-二酚基】 -JV-[(R)-2-甲基 四氢喹
Figure imgf000014_0002
(R'Ss) MS (EI, m z) 469 (M*).
P23a: Ο,Ο '-【(R)-l,l'-(5,6-亚甲基二氧基联苯 )-2»2'-二酚基】 -iV-[(R)-2-甲基 -l ^^- 四氢喹啉]磷氮
Figure imgf000014_0003
(R'Ra) MS (EI, m z) 449 (IVT).
P23b: <?,0'-[(5)-1,1'-(5,6-亚甲基二氧基联苯)-2»2'-二酚基卜^[^)-2-甲基-1,253,4-
Figure imgf000014_0004
( Sa) MS (EI, m/z) 449
实施例 2: 该磷氮类化合物在金属铱催化的烯丙基垸基化反应中的应用
Figure imgf000014_0005
其中, L*是指磷氮类化合物, mol指摩尔, NaH是指钠氢, THF是四氢呋 喃, rt是指室温。 在一干燥的反应管 A中依次加入 [Ir(COD)Cl]2(0.004 mmol)、 实施例 1中所 合成的手性配体 (0.008 mmol)、正丙胺 (0.5 mL)和 THF(0.5 mL), 50 °C下反应 30 分钟,然后自然冷至室温后油泵抽干。再依次向反应管中加入烯丙基碳酸酯(0.2 mmol)和四氢呋喃 (l mL), 室温搅拌 10分钟; 另取一干燥的反应管 B, 加入钠 氢(0.4 mmol)和四氢呋喃 (1.0 mL), 在零度下缓慢加入丙二酸二甲酯(0.4 mmol), 搅拌 5分钟后, 转移至反应管 A中室温搅拌反应。 反应结束后, 减压 除去溶剂后残留物柱层析分离得产物(乙酸乙酯 /石油醚 = 1/20-1/5, v/v)。
表格中是金属铱催化体系中常用的 Feringa磷氮类配体 (S,S,Sa)-la和该专利 所涉及的磷氮类化合物 ( ,/?。)-Ρ3作为配体, 以丙二酸二甲酯作为亲核试剂的烯 丙基烷基化反应的结果比较, 有助于理解这种新型磷氮配体的应用。 -
Figure imgf000015_0001
(R,Ra)-P3 (S, S, Sa)-1a
Figure imgf000015_0002
Figure imgf000015_0003
Figure imgf000015_0004
Figure imgf000016_0001
P24: 2-(l-苯基烯丙基) -丙二酸二甲酯
Ph入 CH(C02Me)2
2-(1 -phenyl-allyl)malonic acid dimethyl ester 无色液体, 收率 95%, 98% ee [手性柱 CHIRALCEL OJ-H (0.46 cm x 25 cm); 正己烷 /异丙醇 = 95/5;流速 = 1.0 mL/min;检测波长 = 220 nm; tR = 20.13 (minor), 22.78 (major) min].
[a]D 2° = +32.6° (c 1.0, CHC13).
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.32-7.20 (m, 5 H), 5.99 (ddd, J= 17.6, 10.4, 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 5.12 (d,J= 18.0 Hz, 1 H), 5.08 (d, J= 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.11 (dd,J= 10.8, 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.87 (d, J= 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.74 (s, 3H), 3.49 (s, 3H).
MS (EI, m/z, rel. intensity) 247(ΐν )·
P25: 2-(l-(2-甲氧基苯基) -烯丙基) -丙二酸二甲酯
Figure imgf000016_0002
2-(1-(2-methoxylphenyl)-allyl)malonic acid dimethyl ester 无色液体, 收率 99%, 99% ee [手性柱 CHIRALCEL OJ-H (0.46 cm x 25 cm); 正己垸 /异丙醇 = 95/5;流速 = 0.5 mL/min; 检测波长 = 220 nm; tR = 24.11 (minor), 25.53 (major) min].
[a]D 20 = +45.3° (c 1.0, CHC13).
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.22-7.15 (m, 2 H), 6.90-6.84 (m, 2 H), 6.12 (ddd, J = 17.2, 10.0, 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 5.12 (d, J= 17.2 Hz, 1 H), 5.04 (d, J= 10.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.34 (dd, J= 10.4, 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.18 (d, J= 10.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.49 (s, 3H).
MS (EI, m/z, rel. intensity) 277(1 ).
P26: 2-(l-(l-萘基) -烯丙基) -丙二酸二甲酯
Figure imgf000017_0001
2-( 1 -( 1 -napt y l)-al ly l)malonic acid dimethyl ester 无色液体, 收率 84%, 92% ee [手性柱 CHIRALCEL OJ-H (0.46 cm x 25 cm); 正己烷 /异丙醇 = 90/10;流速 = 1.0 mL/min;检测波长 = 254 nm; tR = 13.84 (minor), 18.74 (major) min].
[a]D 20 = +41.0° (c 1.0, CHC13).
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ = 8.24 (d, J= 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.84 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1 H),
7.74 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.57-7.37 (m, 4 H), 6.08 (ddd, J= 17.6, 10.0, 8.4 Hz, 1 H),
5.16 (dt, J= 17.2 Hz, 1 H), 5.10(d, J= 10.0 Hz, 1 H), 5.03 (dd, J= 10.4, 8.4 Hz, 1 H),
4.16 (d,J= 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.78 (s, 3 H), 3.38 (s, 3 H).
MS (EI, m/z, rel. intensity) 297(1^.
P27: 2-(l-(2-甲基苯基) -燔丙基) -丙二酸二甲酯
Figure imgf000017_0002
2-(1-(2-methylphenyl)-allyl)malonic acid dimethyl ester 无色液体, 收率 90%, 98% ee [手性柱 CHIRALCEL OD-H (0.46 cm x 25 cm); 正己烷 /异丙醇 = 99/1;流速 = 0.8 mL/min; 检测波长 = 214 nm; tR = 10.35 (major), 12.32 (minor) min].
[a]D 20 = +90.0° (c 1.0, CHCI3).
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ = 7.18-7.08 (m, 4 H), 5.85 (ddd, J= 17.2, 10.4, 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 5.08-5.02 (m, 2 H), 4.39 (dd, J= 11.6, 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.96 (d, J= 11.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.76 (s, 3 H), 3.48 (s, 3 H), 2.42 (s, 3 H). 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDC13) δ = 168.35, 167.76, 137.97, 137.53, 136.41, 130.68,
126.68, 126.14, 126.08, 116.41, 56.74, 52.52, 52.33, 44.87, 19.57.
MS (EI, m z, rel. intensity) 261 (M^.
P28: 2-(l-(2-氟代苯基) -烯丙基) -丙二酸二甲酯
Figure imgf000018_0001
2-(1-(2-fluorophenyl)-allyl)malonic acid dimethyl ester 无色液体, 收率 92%, 98% ee [手性柱 CHIRALCEL OD-H (0.46 cm x 25 cm); 正己垸 /异丙醇 = 97/3; 流速 = 0.8 mL/min; 检测波长 = 214 nm; tR = 9.47 (major), 11.00 (minor) min].
[a]D 20 = +62.7° (c 1.0, CHC13).
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.24-7.19 (m, 2 H), 7.09-6.99 (m, 2 H), 6.07-5.99 (m; 1 H), 5.18-5.09 (m, 2 H), 4.33 (dd, J= 10.8, 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.02 (d, J= 11.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.74 (s, 3 H), 3.51 (s, 3 H).
19F NMR (376 MHz, CDC13) δ = -116.24 (m).
13C NMR (100 MHz, CDC13) δ 168.06, 167.68, 160.62 (d, J = 246.7 Hz), 136.01, 129.74 (d, J= 4.8 Hz), 128.80 (d, J= 8.5 Hz), 126.91 (d, J= 13.8 Hz), 124.23 (d, J = 3.4 Hz), 117.51, 115.81 (d, J= 22.4, Hz), 55.76 (d,J= 2.4 Hz), 52.56, 52.41, 44.74. MS (EI, m/z, rel. intensity) 265(1^.
P29: 2-(l-(2-氯代苯基) -稀丙基) -丙二酸二甲酯
Figure imgf000018_0002
2-(1-(2-chlorophenyl)-allyl)malonic acid dimethyl ester 无色液体, 收率 85%, 97% ee [手性柱 CHIRALCEL OD-H (0.46 cm x 25 cm); 正己浣 /异丙醇 = 90/10;流速 = 0.5 mL/min;检测波长 = 220 nm; tR = 10:31 (major), 11.53 (minor) min].
[a]D 20 = +52.5° (c 1.0, CHC13). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) δ 7.37 (d, J= 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.24-7.13 (m, 4H), 5.99 (ddd,
J= 17.7, 9.6, 8.1 Hz, IH), 5.15 (d, J = 17.1 Hz, IH), 5.12 (d, J= 10.2 Hz, IH), 4.68
(dd, J= 10.2, 8.7 Hz, 1H), 4.04 (d, J= 10.8, IH), 3.74 (s, 3H), 3.54 (s, 3H).
13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCI3) δ = 167.97, 167.54, 137.38, 136.00, 133.89, 130.03,
128.52, 128.11, 126.94, 117.65, 55.86, 52.56, 52.48, 45.61.
MS (EI, m/z, rel. intensity) 281(1^.
P30: 2-(l-(2-溴代苯基) -烯丙基) -丙二酸二甲酯
Figure imgf000019_0001
2-(1 -(2-bromophenyl)-allyl)malonic acid dimethyl ester 无色液体, 收率 82%, 97% ee [手性柱 CHIRALCEL OD-H (0.46 cm x 25 cm); 正己垸 /异丙醇 = 90/10; 流速 = 0.6 mL/min; 检测波长 = 220 nm; tR = 9.10 (major), 10.42 (minor) min].
[a]D 20 = +43.4 (c 1.0, CHC13).
1H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) δ 7.57 (dd, J = 8.1, 0.9 Hz, IH), 7.30-7.20 (m, 2H), 7.11-7.05 (m, IH), 5.96 (ddd, J = 17.1, 10.2, 8.1 Hz, 1H), 5.16 (d, J = 17.a Hz, IH), 5.12 (d, J= 10.2 Hz, IH), 4.69 (dd, J= 10.5, 8.4 Hz, IH), 4.02 (d, J= 10.8, 1H), 3.74 (s, 3H), 3.55 (s, 3H).
13C NMR (75 MHz, CDC13) δ 167.90, 167.51, 139.03, 136.11, 133.37, 128.43, 128.37:
127.58, 124.67, 117.64, 56.09, 52.57, 52.49, 47.83.
MS (EI, m/z, rel. intensity) 325(1^.
P31 : 2-(l-(4-甲氧基苯基) -烯丙基) -丙二酸二甲酯
Figure imgf000019_0002
2-(1-(4-methoxylphenyl)-allyl)malonic acid dimethyl ester
无色液体, 收率 96%, 95% ee [手性柱 CHIRALCEL OD-H (0.46 cm x 25 cm); 正己烷 /异丙醇 = 90/10;流速 = 0.5 mL/min;检测波长 = 220 nm; tR = 14.19 (major), 15.94 (minor) min]. [a]D = +23.6 (c 1.0, CHC13).
1H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) δ 7.14 (d, J= 8.7, 2H), 6.83 (d, J= 8.7, 2H), 5.97 (ddd, J = 17.1, 9.9, 8.1 Hz, IH), 5.09 (d, J= 17.1 Hz, 1H), 5.07 (d, J = 10.2 Hz, IH), 4.06 (dd, J= 10.8, 8.1 Hz, IH), 3.82 (d,J= 11.4, IH), 3.77 (s, 3H), 3.74 (s, 3H), 3.51 (s, 3H). MS (EI, m/z, rel. intensity) 277(1^.
P32: 2-(l-(3-甲氧基苯基) -炼丙基) -丙二酸二甲酯
Figure imgf000020_0001
2-(1-(3-methoxylphenyl)-allyl)malonic acid dimethyl ester
无色液体, 收率 98%, 96% ee [手性柱 CfflRALCEL OD-H (0.46 cm x 25 cm); 正己焼 /异丙醇 = 90/10;流速 = 0.5 mL/min;检测波长 = 220 nm; tR = 13.98 (major), 15.05 (minor) min].
[a]D 20 = +45.6 (c 1.0, CHC13).
1H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) δ 7.24-7.19 (m, IH), 6.83-6.75 (m, 3H), 5.97 (ddd, J = 17.1, 9.9, 8.4 Hz, 1H), 5.13 (d, J= 15.0 Hz, 1H), 5.08 (d, J= 10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.08 (dd, J= 10.8, 8.4 Hz, IH), 3.87 (d, J= 11.1, IH), 3.78 (s, 3H), 3.74 (s, 3H), 3.52 (s, 3H). MS (EI, m/z, rel. intensity) 277( / ).
P33: 2-(l-(2-噻吩基苯基) -烯丙基) -丙二酸二甲酯
Figure imgf000020_0002
2-(1-(2-thienyl)-allyl)malonic acid dimethyl ester 无色液体, 收率 92%, 93% ee [手性柱 CfflRALCEL OD-H (0.46 cm x 25 cm); 正己院 /异丙醇 = 90/10;流速 = 0.5 mL/min;检测波长 = 220 nm; tR = 22.72 (minor), 24.43 (major) min].
[a]D 20 = +34.2 (c l.0, CHC13).
1H NMR (300 MHz, CE)C13) δ 7.19 (dd, J= 4.8, 0.9 Hz, IH), 6.95-6.88 (m, 2H), 6.03 (ddd, J= 17.1, 10.2, 8.7 Hz, IH), 5.24 (d, J= 17.1 Hz, IH), 5.15 (d, J= 10.2 Hz, 1H), 4.43 (dd, J= 9.6, 9.0 Hz, IH), 3.85 (d, J= 10.2 Hz, 1H), 3.74 (s, 3H), 3.62 (s, 3H). MS (EI, m/z, rel. intensity) 253(1^).
实施例 3 : 该磷氮类化合物在金属铱催化的烯丙基取代反应中的应用
Figure imgf000021_0001
其中, L*是指磷氮类化合物配体, mol是指摩尔, dioxane是二氧六环, reflux 是指回流。
在一干燥的反应管中依次加入 [Ir(COD)Cl]2(0.004 mmol)、 实施例 1中所制 备的手性配体 (0.008 mmol)、 正丙胺 (0.5 mL)和 THF(0.5 mL), 60°C下反应 20分 钟,然后自然冷至室温后油泵抽干。再依次向反应管中加入吲哚 (0.4 mmol)、碳 酸铯 (0.2 mmol)、 烯丙基碳酸酯 (0.2 mmol)、 dioxane (2 mL), 加热回流反应。 反应结束后, 减压除去溶剂后残留物柱层析分离得产物(乙酸乙酯 /石油醚 = 1/100-1/30, v/v)。
以下表格中是金属铱催化体系中常用的 Feringa磷氮类配体 (S,S,Sa)-la和该 专利所涉及的磷氮类化合物作为配体,以吲哚类化合物作为亲核试剂的烯丙基垸 基化反应的结果比较, 有助于理解这种新型瞵氮配体的应用。
Figure imgf000021_0002
P34: 3-(l-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙基 )-l-氣 -吲哚
Figure imgf000022_0001
黄色油状液体, 当使用磷氮化合物 (i?,i?a)-P2作为配体时,得到 47%的收率; ee%: 90% [手性柱 CHIRALCEL OD-H (0.46 cm x 25 cm);正己浣 /异丙醇 = 98/2;流 速 = 1.0 mL/min;检测波长 = 254 nm; tR = 27.49 (minor), 32.31 (major) min].
[a]D 20 = +7.8° (c 0.5, CHC13). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCI3) δ = 7.63 (br s, 1 H), 7.43 (d, J= 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.19-7.08 (m, 4 H), 7.00 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 6.87-6.81 (m, 2 H), 6.71 (d, J= 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 6.29 (ddd, J =6.3, 10.2, 16.8 Hz, 1 H), 5.43 (d, j= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 5.14 (d, J= 10.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.98 (d, J= 16.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.76 (s, 3 H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCI3) δ = 156.7, 140.0, 136.4, 131.4, 129.2, 127.3, 126.9, 122.5, 121.7, 120.4, 119.7, 119.0, 118.0, 115.0, 110.9, 110.6, 55.5, 38.7. MS (EI, m/z, rel. intensity) 263 (M", 100); HRMS-EI: m/z 岡 + calcd for C18H17NO (M^: 263.1310, Found: 263.1319. IR (KBr): 3418, 3078, 3059, 3003, 2955, 2934, 2837, 1637, 1619, 1599, 1587, 1548, 1490, 1457, 1438, 1419, 1244, 1105, 1029, 917, 743 cnT1.
P35: 3-(l-(2-氯苯基)稀丙基 )-1-氢 -吲哚
Figure imgf000022_0002
黄色油状液体,当磷氮类化合物 (R,Ra)-P3作为配体时,收率 55%, ee%: 79% [手 性柱 CHIRALCEL OD-H (0.46 cm x 25 cm); 正己; 异丙醇 = 98/2;流速 = 0.8 mL/min;检测波长 = 254 nm; tR = 31.07 (minor), 33.48 (major) min]. [a]D 20 = +44.0° (c 0.5, CHCI3) 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.96 (br s, 1 H), 7.41-7.31 (m, 3 H), 7.19-7.12 (m, 4 H), 7.03 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 6.89 (d, J= 2.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.28 (ddd J =6.6, 9.9, 17.1 Hz, 1 H), 5.48 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 5.23 (d, J= 9.9 Hz, 1 H), 5.05 (d, J= 16.8 Hz, 1 H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCI3) δ = 140.3, 138.7, 136.5, 133.9, 129.9, 129.5, 127.6, 126.7, 126.8, 122.7, 122.1, 119.6, 119.4, 117.4, 116.2, 111.0, 42.7. MS (EI, m/z, rel. intensity) 263 (M*, 100); HRMS-EI: mlz [M]+ calcd for Ci7H14NCl (M^: 267.0815, Found: 267.0814. IR (KBr): 3418, 3059, 3008, 2980, 2924, 2854, 1637, 1619, 1592, 1571, 1548, 1471, 1457, 1442, 1418, 1352, 1338, 1245, 1221, 1125, 1095 1046, 1036, 1011, 995, 921, 801, 743 cm-1.
P36: 3-(l-(2-溴苯基)烯丙基 )-1-氢 -吲哚
Figure imgf000023_0001
黄色油状液体,当磷氮类化合物 (i?,i?。)-P3作为配体时,收率: 41%, ee%: 85% [手 性柱 CHIRALPAK AD-H (0.46 cm X 25 cm); 正己垸 /异丙醇 = 90/10;流速 = 1.0 mL/min;检测波长 = 254 nm; tR = 8.15 (minor), 11.24 (major) min]. [a]D 20 = +86.8°
(c 0.5, CHC13). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) 5 = 8.00 (br s, 1 H), 7.59 (d, J= 7.5 Hz,
1 H), 7.36 (t, J= 8.1 Hz, 2 H), 7.19-7.00 (m, 5 H), 6.91 (d, J= 2.1 Hz, 1 H), 6.27 (ddd:
J= 6.3, 9.9, 16.8 Hz, 1 H), 5.46 (dd, J= 1.2, 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 5.24 (dt, J= 1.5, 9.9 Hz, 1
H), 5.00 (dt, J = 1.5, 16.8 Hz, 1 H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDC13) δ = 142.0, 138.8,
136.6, 132.8, 130.1, 127.9, 127.4, 126.7, 124.8, 122.7, 122.1, 119.7, 119.4, 117.6,
116.3, 111.0, 45.5. MS (EI, m/z, rel. intensity) 311 (W, 100); HRMS-EI: mlz [M]+ calcd for C17H14NBr (M^: 311.0310, Found: 311.0311. IR (KBr): 3418, 3056, 2959,
2923, 2853, 1636, 1459, 1437, 1417, 1337, 1221, 1095, 1022, 921, 743 cm-1.
P37: 3-(l-(l-萘基)烯丙基 )-1-氢 -吲哚
Figure imgf000023_0002
黄色油状液体当磷氮类化合物 (i?,S。)-P4作为配体时,收率: 92% yield, ee%: 82% [手性柱 CHIRALPAK AD-H (0.46 cm X 25 cm); 正己^ /异丙醇 = 90/10;流速 = 1.0 mL/min;检测波长 = 254 nm; tR = 16.84 (major), 30.83 (minor) min]. [a]D 20 = +59.2° (c 1.0, CHCI3). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) δ = 8.08 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.85-7.70 (m, 3 H), 7.44-7.37 (m, 4 H), 7.17-7.12 (m, 1 H), 6.89 (d, J= 2.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.82 (dd, J= 2.7, 8.7 Hz, 1 H), 6.57 ( d, J= 2.1 Hz, 1 H), 6.40 (ddd, J= 6.0, 9.9, 16.8 Hz, 1 H), 5.66 (d, J= 6.3 Hz, 1 H), 5.24 (d, J= 10.2 Hz, 1 H), 5.00 (d, J= 16.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.71 (s, 3 H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDC13) δ = 153.6, 139.7, 138.7, 133.9, 131.7, 131.6, 128.6, 127.2, 127.0, 125.8, 125.7, 125.4, 125.3, 124.2, 124.1, 117.5, 116.2, 111.8, 111.7, 101.5, 55.7, 42.1. MS (EI, m z, rel. intensity) 313 (W, 100); HRMS-EI: mlz [M]+ calcd for C22H19NO (M^: 313.1467, Found: 313.1472. IR (KBr): 3424, 3051, 3001, 2934, 2830, 1718, 1636, 1625, 1596, 1583, 1508, 1484, 1456, 1438, 1209: 1172, 1045, 1027, 921, 800, 781 cm-1.

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合物, 其具有如下的结构式:
Figure imgf000025_0001
的光学纯化合物, 其中联萘骨架具有轴手性结构,
*为手性碳原子, R1 R2任意选自氢原子、 卤素或 16的烃基; C4-C1()的含 N、 0或 S的杂环基、芳基或 R3取代的芳基;所述的芳基是苯基或萘基; ^为 - 的烃基、 d-C4的全氟烃基、 卤素或 d-C4的垸氧基; n的值为 0-1。
2、 如权利荽求 1所述的一种基于手性联萘二酚骨架的磷氮类化合物, 其特征是 所述的 R R2任意选自、卤素、 ^的垸基或 C3-C16的环烷基。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的一种基于手性联萘二酚骨架的磷氮类化合物, 其特征是 所述磷氮类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure imgf000025_0002
Figure imgf000026_0001
(R,Re) ( S„) {R.RJ (R.SJ
Figure imgf000026_0002
(R,Sa)
4、 如权利要求 1所述的一种基于手性联萘二酚骨架的磷氮类化合物,其特征是 所述磷氮类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure imgf000026_0003
5、 一种如权利要求 1合成四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合物的方法, 其特 征是在有机溶剂中, -78°C〜120°C下, 以光学纯的联萘二酚类化合物、 三氯化 磷和光学纯的四氢喹啉和吲哚啉类化合物为原料, 在碱的作用下反应 8-24小时 制得磷氮类化合物;
上述的联萘二酚类化合物、三氯化磷、 四氢喹啉和吲哚啉类化合物、碱的摩 尔比为 1:1-1.5:1-1.5:3-10;
所述的联萘二酚类化合物结构式为具有如下所示结构式的 Ra或者 Sa构型的 光学纯化合物:
Figure imgf000027_0001
; 三氯化磷结构式为: PC13; 所述的手性四氢 喹啉和吲哚啉类化合物是具有如下结构式的 R或者 S构型的光学纯的化合物:
Figure imgf000027_0002
所 的碱是三乙胺、 1, 8-二氮杂二环 [5, 4, 0]十一碳 -7-烯、 1, 5-二氮杂二环
[4, 3, 0]壬- 5-烯、 三乙烯二胺、 Ν,Ο-双 (三甲基硅基)乙酰胺、 碳酸铯、 碳酸钾, 磷酸钾、醋酸钾、磷酸钾、氢化钠、正丁基锂、二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠、二(三 甲基硅基)氨基锂、 二(三甲基硅基)氨基钾、 甲醇钠、 质子海绵、 叔丁醇钾、 叔丁醇钠或者二异丙基乙基胺;或者加入三氟磺酸银、氯化锂或分子筛作为添加 剂;
其中 I 1、 R2和 η如权利要求 1所述。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的一种合成光学纯的基于联萘二酚骨架的磷氮类化合物的 方法, 其特征是所述的 I 1、 R2和 η如权利要求 3所述。
7、 如权利要求 5或 6所述的一种合成四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合物的 方法, 其特征是所述的上述的联萘二酚类化合物、 三氯化磷、 四氢喹啉和吲哚 啉类化合物、 碱的摩尔比为 1 :1-1.5:1-1.5:3-10;
8、如权利要求 5或 6所述的一种四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合物的方法, 其特征是所述有机溶剂是苯、 四氯化碳、 石油醚、 四氢呋喃、 二甲基甲酰胺、 乙 醚、 二氯甲垸、 三氯甲垸、 甲苯、 二甲苯、 环己烷、 正己垸、 正庚垸、 二氧六环 或乙腈。
9、如权利要求 5或 6所述的一种四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合物的方法, 其特征是所得产物经过重结晶、 薄层层析、 柱层析或减压蒸镏的分离。
10、如权利要求 1所述的基于四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮类化合物的用途,其 特征是用作手性配体, 和金属络合使用在不对称催化反应的催化剂。
11、如权利要求 1所述的基于手性联萘二酚骨架的磷氮类化合物的用途,其特征 是和金属铱生成络合物, 使用在不对称烯丙基取代反应的催化剂。
12、如权利要求 1所述的基于四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的憐氮类化合物的用途,其 特征是和金属铱生成络合物, 催化烯丙基垸基化反应。
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CN101508702B (zh) * 2009-03-27 2012-07-04 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 四氢喹啉和吲哚啉衍生的磷氮配体、合成方法和应用
CN111454136A (zh) * 2019-01-22 2020-07-28 中国科学院上海高等研究院 用于催化偕二取代芳香烯烃的氢甲酰化反应的催化剂及其制备方法和用途
CN110003105B (zh) * 2019-04-29 2022-08-09 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 轴手性吡啶化合物、其制备方法及应用
CN114560802B (zh) * 2022-03-11 2023-08-22 常州大学 一种构建碳-氮轴手性吲哚-萘酚联芳基化合物的方法

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