Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
  • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/01—Hydrocarbons
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
  • C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
  • C09D7/20—Diluents or solvents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
  • C09D7/40—Additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
  • C10G45/58—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
  • C10M107/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
  • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
  • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
  • C10G2300/1011—Biomass
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
  • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
  • C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
  • C10G2300/1048—Middle distillates
  • C10G2300/1055—Diesel having a boiling range of about 230 - 330 °C
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
  • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
  • C10G2300/1074—Vacuum distillates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
  • C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
  • C10G2300/201—Impurities
  • C10G2300/202—Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
  • C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
  • C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
  • C10G2300/301—Boiling range
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
  • C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
  • C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
  • C10G2300/302—Viscosity
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
  • C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
  • C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
  • C10G2300/304—Pour point, cloud point, cold flow properties
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
  • C10G2300/80—Additives
  • C10G2300/802—Diluents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
  • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
  • C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/74—Noack Volatility
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
  • Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a low VOC hydrocarbon diluent for use in building materials including resin compositions and materials and sealants. It also relates to the composition and construction materials containing this diluent.
• VOC emissions or volatile organic compounds - VOCs
• the emissions resulting from construction materials are related in particular to the nature and emissivity of the diluents used in these materials.
• These diluents for momentary viscosity reduction of the materials are classified into at least three types of compounds that result from different national or international schemes leading to the award of a label or defining the acceptable emission limits for these products: these are for example AgBB and Blauer Engel in Germany, Ml in Finland, the Danish Indoor climate label or DICL in Denmark, Emicode, Oeko-Tex, Greenguard or the AFSSET protocol (French Agency for Health Safety of the Environment and Labor) in France.
• the grouping of the characteristics of these VOC products as defined by the World Health Organization and ISO 16000-6 has made it possible to establish the classification shown in Table 1 below:
• hydrocarbon diluents which have low emissivity, low VOC type, capable of preserving the fundamental properties of building materials, such as flooring, adhesives or sealants, that is to say to say the stability of the materials before and after its installation, its aging, its mechanical properties, its initial appearance, etc.
• the patents WO02 / 086007 and WO2008 / 033899 propose the use of fatty acid esters derived from oils. or these oils themselves taken in admixture with wetting and dispersing compounds whose emissivity is zero and which maintain some of the expected properties of the final material.
• the patent WO2004 / 009738 proposes the use of cuts resulting from the transformation of the gas by the Fisher Tropsch process by hydrocracking / hydroisomerization thereof as a diluent for silicone-based rubbers.
• the present invention aims to use in building materials including PVC used in floor coverings and sealants of diluents which are not of renewable origin, but of fossil origin which make it possible to reduce the viscosity of the materials in order to facilitate their handling and their installation but which concomitantly make it possible to maintain the physical properties required for these materials and their long-term use.
• the finished products using these diluents according to the invention must pass the non-VOC requirements of the protocols such as Afsset, AgBB, Blauer Engel, Emicode, Oeko-Tex or Greenguard.
• the subject of the present invention is therefore a hydrocarbon diluent with low VOC emissions for polymer dilution in building materials. It is obtained from a mixture of hydrocarbons with a boiling point greater than 200 ° C. obtained from the distillation of hydrodeparaffined gasoil cuts. It has a pour point below -15 ° C.
• This diluent is a section of boiling temperatures between 280 0 C and 450 0 C whose sulfur content is less than 10 ppm. It contains more than 50% by weight of isoparaffins and naphthenes up to at most 40% by weight.
• Low VOC means diluents which mix in building materials, for example coatings or sealants, pass the requirements of evaluation schemes such as AgBB, Blauer Engel, Emicode, Oeko-Tex, Greenguard or AFSSET. Such diluents combine the advantages of achieving end product characteristics identical to those initially manufactured with semi-VOC, VOC or very VOC diluents, with those of having a very low volatility, lower than the products of the prior art.
• the diluents according to the invention are chosen from hydrodewaxed hydrocarbon cuts whose viscosity at 40 ° C. according to ASTM D445 is greater than 5 mm 2 / s, more particularly the viscosity cuts greater than 7 mm 2 / s at 40 ° C. 0 C.
• hydrodewaxed hydrocarbon cuts chosen are derived from hydrodesparaffinization of different gas oil fractions obtained by atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation, hydrotreatment, hydrocracking, catalytic cracking and / or visbreaking, or else products resulting from the conversion of the biomass, possibly after treatment. desulfurization and / or additional dearomatization.
• This hydrocarbon diluent may be referred to hereinafter as the hydrodeparaffined diluent.
• such slices may have wide distillation ranges of greater than 50 ° C in the range of 280 ° C-450 ° C, or narrower slices.
• the diluent is obtained from a distillation cut of hydrodeparaffined hydrocarbons of pour point according to ASTM D97 below -30 ° C.
• the flash point of these compounds according to ASTM D97 the invention is very high, greater than 140 ° C.
• the obtaining of a very low pour point favors the maintenance of the diluent in a mixture, for example with PVC resins or polymers for mastics, and limits or prevents the bleeding of it. The absence of bleeding is particularly sought at low temperature.
• the diluents according to the invention are furthermore constituted by a majority of isoparaffins and a minority of normal paraffins.
• the diluent will still comprise more than 10% by weight of naphthenes.
• the presence of naphthenes in their composition distinguishes them from other products consisting only of isoparaffins and paraffins which are used in the same applications.
• these hydrodewaxed diluents will contain at least 20% by weight of naphthenes.
• diluents with a naphthene content of from 20 to 35% by weight of the diluent are preferred. More generally, the diluents according to the invention are obtained from hydrocarbons of chain lengths predominantly greater than 16 carbon atoms. Thus, this diluent is composed of less than 65% by weight of hydrocarbons having a chain length of between 16 and 22 carbon atoms known as semi-VOC hydrocarbons, and more than 30% by weight of hydrocarbons having a chain length greater than 22 non-VOC carbon atoms, because no or little volatility.
• the diluent is composed of less than 50% by weight of hydrocarbons having a chain length of between 16 and 22 carbon atoms, and more than 40% by weight of hydrocarbons having a chain length greater than 22 carbon atoms.
• chain hydrocarbons greater than C22 correspond to hydrocarbons containing chains of C23 to C30 at most, and this in order to preserve the compatibility with the polymers which degrades when the molecular weight increases.
• these diluents according to the invention comprise less than 10 ppm of sulfur, preferably less than 2 ppm of sulfur. Their aromatic content is less than 500ppm.
• the subject of the present invention is also a composition of thinners with low VOC emissions.
• This composition mainly comprises hydrodewaxed hydrocarbons as described above but also hydrocarbons consisting of conventional diluents such as fatty acids and esters of carbon chains of more than 16 carbon atoms, hydrotreated and / or hydrocracked gasoline type cups with a boiling point of between 280 and 450 ° C.
• conventional diluents such as fatty acids and esters of carbon chains of more than 16 carbon atoms
• the cutting interval retained for these conventional diluents will be adapted by those skilled in the art to the low VOC hydrodéparaffmated main diluent.
• Blends so prepared to obtain low VOC diluent compositions will contain more than 50% by weight of isoparaffins and less than 20% by weight of normal paraffins. The level of naphthenes present
• Preferred diluent compositions will comprise more than 60% by weight of isoparaffins and less than 10% by weight of normal paraffins, the difference being the naphthenes present.
• the diluent composition will comprise more than 40% by weight of hydrodeparaffeated diluent, and more preferably more than 60% by weight.
• composition will comprise less than 65% by weight of hydrocarbons having a chain length of between 16 and 22 carbon atoms, and more than 30% by weight of hydrocarbons having a length of chain greater than 22 carbon atoms.
• a third object of the invention is the use of the hydrodewaxed diluent according to the invention alone or in combination with at least one conventional diluent for the dilution of resins used for the manufacture of construction materials.
• the diluents used alone or in combination with a conventional diluent do not modify any of the physical characteristics of the resin formulations in which they are used, in particular the thermal stability, the optical and mechanical properties and the volatility at 70 ° C. of the finished product.
• VOC emissions from finished products containing them pass the requirements of AgBB, Blau Engel, Emicode, Oeko-Tex, Greenguard or Afsset.
• Resins are here referred to as PVC resins which are introduced into PVC (or Plastisol) pastes used in the manufacture of floor coverings, coatings for yarns or textiles, wallpapers, flexible films, tarpaulins, putties, These pastes are obtained by homopolymerization of polyvinyl chloride or PVC, or polymerization of PVC with a comonomer for example lactones or other olefins capable of polymerizing with vinyl chloride and used in the composition of these resins.
• PVC Plastisol
• Mastics are also understood to mean compositions based on polymers or resins associated with other compounds known to those skilled in the art, such as plasticizers, fillers and diluent for adjusting the viscosity.
• silicone-based adhesives eg RTV-I silicone sealants (Room Temperature Vulcanizable -
• the invention can therefore be defined by the following characteristics: It relates to a hydrocarbon diluent for pour point polymer dilution lower than -15 ° C. according to ASTM D97, comprising more than 50% by weight of isoparaffins and naphthenes up to 40% by weight at most, and consisting of a hydrocarbon mixture with a boiling point greater than 200 ° C., obtained by distillation of hydrodewaxed gasoil fractions.
• This diluent preferably has a boiling point of between 280 and 450 ° C.
• This diluent preferably has a pour point of less than -30 ° C. according to ASTM D 97.
• This diluent preferably has a viscosity greater than 5 mm 2 / s at 40 ° C., and in particular greater than 7 mm 2 / s at 40 ° C., according to the ASTM D445 standard.
• This diluent is preferably derived from hydrodewaxed hydrocarbons, in particular from the hydrodéparaffmage of different gas oil fractions obtained by atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation, hydrotreatment, hydrocracking, catalytic cracking and / or visbreaking, or products resulting from the conversion of the biomass, possibly after desulfurization treatment and / or complementary desaromatisation.
• This diluent comprises in its composition at least 10% by weight of naphthenes.
• This diluent is preferably obtained from a fractional distillation cut of hydrodeparaffrated hydrocarbons according to ASTM D97 below -30 ° C. and with a flash point greater than 140 ° C.
• This diluent preferably comprises from 20 to 35% by weight of naphthenes and more than 60% by weight of isoparaffins.
• This diluent preferably comprises more than 65% by weight of isoparaffins and less than 10% by weight of normal paraffins.
• This diluent preferably comprises less than 65% by weight of hydrocarbons having a chain length of between 16 and 22 carbon atoms, and more than 30% by weight of hydrocarbons having a chain length of greater than 22 carbon atoms, preferably from C23 to C30.
• This diluent preferably comprises less than 50% by weight of hydrocarbons having a chain length of between 16 and 22 carbon atoms, and more than 40% by weight of hydrocarbons having a chain length of greater than 22 carbon atoms, preferably from C23 to C30.
• This diluent is preferably free of normal paraffins
• Its sulfur content is preferably less than 10 ppm, especially less than 2 ppm.
• It preferably contains less than 500 ppm of aromatics, measured by UV spectrometry.
• the invention also relates to a diluent composition
• a diluent composition comprising the diluent described above in combination with at least one so-called "conventional" diluent, for example belonging to the group consisting of acids and fatty acid esters of carbon chains of more than 16 atoms.
• carbon, hydrocracked and / or hydrotreated gasoole type cuts of boiling point between 200 and 450 0 C, especially between 280 and 450 0 C, or between 200 and 300 0 C.
• This composition preferably comprises more than 50% by weight of isoparaffins and less than 20% by weight of normal paraffins, preferably more than 60% by weight of isoparaffins and less than 10% by weight of normal paraffins.
• This composition preferably comprises more than 40% by weight of hydrodeparaffeated diluent, preferably more than 60% by weight.
• the invention also relates to a polymer or resin composition diluted with a diluent as described above, preferably for building materials, in particular resins for building materials, adhesives, floor coverings, wallpapers and sealants, in particular mastics or adhesives. based on silicone or modified silicone polymers.
• the invention also relates to the use of the hydrodewaxed diluent as described above, alone or in combination with at least one so-called "conventional" diluent, for example belonging to the group constituted by the acids and fatty acid esters of carbon chains of more of 16 carbon atoms, hydrotreated and / or hydrocracked diesel-type cuts having a boiling point of between 200 and 450 ° C., in particular between 280 and 450 ° C., for the dilution of resins for building materials, in adhesives , floor coverings, wallpapers and sealants, in particular sealants or adhesives based on silicone or modified silicone polymers.
• the advantages of the present invention are described in the examples given below by way of illustration but not limitation of the invention.
• the present example describes the various diluents used including those of the prior art, referenced Ti and those of the invention referenced Di and their comparative use in PVC paste formulations.
• diluents of the prior art White spirit (Tl), kerosene (T2), dodecylbenzene (T3) and finally a cut hydrocracked diesel (T4) cutting 300 0 C and more.
• Tl White spirit
• T2 kerosene
• T3 dodecylbenzene
• T4 a cut hydrocracked diesel
• D3 A third diluent corresponds to the mixture of 70% by weight of diluent D1 with 30% of T4. Table 1 below groups together the characteristics of all the diluents tested.
• diluents D1 and D2 according to the invention have been tested in a simple formulation of compact PVC paste that can be used in floor coverings, to compare the use rates of diluents D1 and D2 according to the invention with those of the prior art, T 1, T2 and T3.
• the diluents of the invention make it possible to maintain the viscosity characteristics of the end products expected after adjustment of their utilization rate.
• FIG. 1 it is furthermore shown that for identical shear rates of the finished product after 24 hours of storage, the products obtained with the diluents according to the invention D1 and D2 have a rheological behavior comparable to those obtained with the Tl diluents. , T2 and T3 of the prior art.
• Table 4 compares T2 and T3 utilization rates compared to D1 and D2.
• the present example gives a comparison of the performance of a PVC paste formulation using the diluents according to the invention with those using diluents of the prior art.
• This formulation is that of a floor covering containing PVC resins marketed by ARKEMA.
• This particular formulation contains: TABLE 5
• the deaeration behavior characteristics, the thermal stability of the dough, the optical and mechanical properties, the volatility of the dough at 70 ° C. and the VOC emissions emanating from the dough are measured.
• the PVC pastes are applied in layers of a thickness of 0.9 mm and introduced into an oven at 200 ° C. (for example a Mathis oven).
• an oven at 200 ° C. (for example a Mathis oven).
• the results are given in Table 7 below.
• Optical properties The pastes are applied in a 0.9 mm thick layer and placed in a Mathis oven at 200 ° C. for 2 minutes, then the optical properties of each layer are measured by means of a Hazemeter-type apparatus. according to a method based on ASTM D 1003 to determine Transparency or T, Haze or H, or Clarity or C, as well as the Matness Index or M according to a method based on the ASTM D523 standard, the dullness being the complement to 100 of the gloss measurement (gloss in English). The set of measured results is collated in Table 8 below. TABLE 8
• the PVC pastes are applied in a thickness of 0,9mm layer and placed in a Mathis oven at 200 ° C. for 2 minutes, then the mechanical properties of each layer are measured according to the ISO R527 standard. The results are collated in Table 9 below.
• VOCs emitted are taken out of the chamber by adsorption on TENAX cartridges, the chemical compounds retained are then recovered by chemical desorption and then concentrated on a cryogenic trap before injection on a capillary column of gaseous chromato graphy.
• the VOCs are thus separated by gas chromatography by means of a capillary column.
• the detection, identification and quantification of the organic compounds are carried out by means of a mass spectrometer connected to the output of the chromatography column, according to the ISO 16000-6 standard.
• the samples formulated based on the diluents D1, D2 and D3 according to the invention comply with the requirements of the AgBB and Afsset protocols while that using the prior art diluent T2 does not comply with the requirements of the AgBB scheme in terms of substances. unidentified after 28 days, and the measurement of total VOCs is very close to the AgBB or Afsset limit.
• silicone mastics particularly in silicone sealants RTV-I (Room Temperature Vulcanisable - 1 component or in French: crosslinkable sealants at room temperature - single component).
• the polymer / plasticizer ratio is 1.5 / 1 and the amount of hydrocarbon solvent (HC%) + silicone oil (qsp) is equal to 34.1% by weight.
• Figure 3 shows the volume losses by evaporation and the positioning of the products according to the PR NF EN specification project. 15651-3 (2008): sanitary sealants and PR NF EN 15651-1 (2007): facade sealants.
• the D2 product Up to its limit of compatibility, here between 15 and 20%, the D2 product has very favorable results because it shows a lower loss of volume by evaporation than the products currently marketed. It thus allows to respect the maximum limit of 10% of loss in volume planned according to the standard PR NF EN 15651-1 (2007): putty for façade, replacing up to 15% weight of silicone oil whereas standard diluents allow only a lower replacement: about 5% for Hydroseal G250H and G3H, about 10% for Hydroseal G400H, this more important substitution reduces the cost of the formulation.
• diluents according to the invention in silicone adhesives is described, in particular for an application of parquet adhesives containing the modified silane polymer technology. It relates more particularly to ST-PU (silane terminated - PoIy urethane) or silane-terminated polyurethane.
• Table 14 compares two formulations: one including a plasticizer exclusively of the DPHP type (Di 2 -propylheptyl phthalate), the other containing a plasticizer system where the DPHP has been partially replaced by the diluent D2 within the meaning of our invention .

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