WO2010101293A1 - Séparateur de carburant, moteur utilisant le séparateur de carburant et véhicule équipé de ce moteur - Google Patents

Séparateur de carburant, moteur utilisant le séparateur de carburant et véhicule équipé de ce moteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010101293A1
WO2010101293A1 PCT/JP2010/053929 JP2010053929W WO2010101293A1 WO 2010101293 A1 WO2010101293 A1 WO 2010101293A1 JP 2010053929 W JP2010053929 W JP 2010053929W WO 2010101293 A1 WO2010101293 A1 WO 2010101293A1
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Prior art keywords
fuel
engine
alcohol
boiling
tank
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PCT/JP2010/053929
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
久保賢明
今岡佳宏
松浦一雄
Original Assignee
日産自動車株式会社
株式会社本家松浦酒造場
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Priority to JP2011502835A priority Critical patent/JPWO2010101293A1/ja
Publication of WO2010101293A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010101293A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M1/00—Carburettors with means for facilitating engine's starting or its idling below operational temperatures
    • F02M1/16—Other means for enriching fuel-air mixture during starting; Priming cups; using different fuels for starting and normal operation
    • F02M1/165—Vaporizing light fractions from the fuel and condensing them for use during starting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G31/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0626—Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0634—Determining a density, viscosity, composition or concentration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0668—Treating or cleaning means; Fuel filters
    • F02D19/0671—Means to generate or modify a fuel, e.g. reformers, electrolytic cells or membranes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0686—Injectors
    • F02D19/0692—Arrangement of multiple injectors per combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F02D19/082—Premixed fuels, i.e. emulsions or blends
    • F02D19/084—Blends of gasoline and alcohols, e.g. E85
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/10—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone
    • F02M25/12—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone the apparatus having means for generating such gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M27/00—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like
    • F02M27/08—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by sonic or ultrasonic waves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/20—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
    • F02B19/1019—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber
    • F02B19/1023—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber pre-combustion chamber and cylinder being fed with fuel-air mixture(s)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/12—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with positive ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/16—Other apparatus for heating fuel
    • F02M31/18—Other apparatus for heating fuel to vaporise fuel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel separator, an engine using the fuel separator, and an engine-equipped vehicle.
  • Liquid oil is ultrasonically vibrated and released as atomized fine particles in the air with ultrasonic vibration energy.
  • the recovered oil and the remaining non-atomized JP 2006-77225A discloses a technique for separating oil.
  • gasoline is a hydrocarbon fuel that is an aggregate of fuel species having different molecular weights, as long as gasoline is contained, there are fuel species having a low molecular weight, that is, fuel species having a low boiling point. Therefore, if a fuel type with a low boiling point can be extracted from gasoline, it is possible to start the fuel well even during cold start by using the extracted fuel type with a low boiling point.
  • a general method for extracting a fuel species having a low molecular weight from a hydrocarbon fuel, which is an aggregate of fuel species having different molecular weights, utilizes a difference in distillation characteristics.
  • the object of the present invention is to apply the technique of Patent Document 1 to alcohol-mixed gasoline (or alcohol-mixed light oil), and mix fuel species and alcohol having a low boiling point with alcohol without giving large heat of vaporization to vaporize the fuel.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus that can be separated from gasoline, and an engine that uses separated fuel species and alcohol having a low boiling point depending on operating conditions.
  • the fuel separator according to the present invention has a relative relationship among hydrocarbon fuels, which are aggregates of different fuel types having a molecular weight and a boiling point that are approximately proportional to each other. Applying vibrational energy such as ultrasonic waves to a mixed fuel mixed with a liquid high-boiling substance having a small molecular weight compared to a fuel type having a large molecular weight and a relatively high boiling point compared to a fuel type having a similar molecular weight An atomizer that atomizes high-boiling substances and light fuel, which is a fuel species having a molecular weight equal to or lower than that of high-boiling substances, and only high-boiling substances are separated from the gas mixture of atomized light fuel and high-boiling substances. And a high boiling point material separator.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel separator according to a first embodiment of the present invention in the case of only gasoline and an engine using the fuel separator.
  • FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the fuel separator according to the first embodiment of the present invention and an engine using the fuel separator in the case of alcohol-mixed gasoline with a low mixing rate.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of the fuel separator according to the first embodiment of the present invention and an engine using the fuel separator in the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol with a high mixing rate.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the engine of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram with respect to the molecular weight and boiling point of gasoline and high boiling point substances.
  • FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram with respect to the molecular weight and boiling point of gasoline and high boiling point substances.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel separator according to a second embodiment in the case of gasoline only and an engine using the fuel separator.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel separator according to a second embodiment and an engine using the fuel separator in the case of alcohol-mixed gasoline having a small mixing rate.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of the fuel separator according to the second embodiment and an engine using the fuel separator in the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol having a high mixing rate.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the engine of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is an operation region diagram of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel separator according to a third embodiment in the case of gasoline only and an engine using the fuel separator.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel separation device according to a third embodiment and an engine using the fuel separation device in the case of alcohol-mixed gasoline having a small mixing rate.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel separator according to a third embodiment and an engine using the fuel separator in the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol with a high mixing rate.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel separator according to a fourth embodiment in the case of only gasoline and an engine using the fuel separator.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel separation device according to a fourth embodiment and an engine using the fuel separation device in the case of alcohol-mixed gasoline having a small mixing rate.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel separator according to a fourth embodiment and an engine using the fuel separator in the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol having a high mixing rate.
  • FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of the fuel separator according to the first embodiment of the present invention and an engine using the fuel separator
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of the engine of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 to FIG. The difference of 3 lies in the difference in alcohol mixing rate. That is, FIG. 1 is the case of only gasoline without alcohol, FIG. 2 shows the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol with a small mixing rate (the alcohol mixing rate is relatively small). 3 shows the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol having a large mixing rate (relatively large mixing rate of alcohol).
  • FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the engine 1 is a spark ignition engine.
  • the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve 2 toward the intake port 3 at a predetermined time is carried to the air and supplied into the combustion chamber 4 to form an air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber 4.
  • This air-fuel mixture is ignited by a spark plug 5 at a predetermined time and burned.
  • the burning gas performs the work of pushing down the piston 5, and the burned gas is discharged from the exhaust port 6.
  • the gasoline in the fuel tank 11 is pumped to the first tank 13 by the supply pump 12, and the gasoline is stored in the first tank 13.
  • the drive of the supply pump 12 is controlled so that the gasoline in the first tank 13 is filled to a predetermined liquid level. Below this liquid level, that is, in the liquid, an ultrasonic wave vibrator 14 (atomization device) is provided.
  • the ultrasonic vibrator 14 can atomize a high-boiling substance such as a fuel species having a low molecular weight or ethanol, methanol, water, etc., from gasoline, which is an aggregate of fuel species having different numbers of molecules.
  • FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram for gasoline and high-boiling substances. It can be seen that there is a strong correlation between the molecular weight and boiling point of the various fuel types that make up gasoline. In other words, this is an example of a hydrocarbon fuel that is a collection of different fuel species having a boiling point that increases as the molecular weight of the fuel species increases and whose boiling points are approximately proportional to each other.
  • alcohols such as methanol and ethanol have a lower molecular weight than fuel types with relatively large molecular weight among different fuel types, and have a relatively high boiling point compared to fuel types with similar molecular weight. It is located away from the fuel type. For this reason, a fuel type equivalent to the molecular weight of alcohol and a fuel type equal to or lower than the molecular weight of alcohol (a fuel type equal to the molecular weight of alcohol and a fuel type equal to or lower than the molecular weight of alcohol are hereinafter referred to as “light fuel”).
  • the alcohol and light fuel can be atomized.
  • the alcohol is ethanol.
  • the atomized alcohol and light fuel are separated into alcohol and light fuel by the fuel separator 15. That is, the fuel separation device 15 mainly includes a cooling device 17 (high boiling point material separation device), a second tank 18, a pump 19 (condensing means), and a third tank 20. A gas mixed with the atomized light fuel and alcohol is led to the cooling device 17 through the pipe 16 to be cooled.
  • the cooling device 17 is for liquefying gaseous alcohol. That is, since the boiling point of alcohol is 70 ° C.
  • the refrigerant temperature to 80 ° C., by setting the refrigerant temperature to a temperature lower than the boiling point of this alcohol (for example, about 50 ° C.), only the alcohol out of the mixed gas of alcohol and light fuel can be obtained.
  • the alcohol liquefied by cooling is stored in the second tank 18. At this time, the same effect can be obtained even by pressurizing and condensing instead of the cooling device 17.
  • the light fuel that has not been liquefied is pumped to the third tank 20 by the pump 19. Further, the inside of the third tank 20 is increased to a predetermined pressure by the pump 19 to condense and liquefy the gaseous light fuel.
  • FIG. 3 As shown in FIG. 3, the second tank 18 is empty as in the case of gasoline alone. This is due to the nature of the alcohol. In other words, in the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol with a low mixing rate, the alcohol is scattered in a molecular state in the gasoline and is atomized by ultrasonic vibration, but if the mixing rate of alcohol increases, the alcohol The molecules become overcrowded, and eventually the alcohol molecules and the alcohol molecules stick to each other or become entangled to form a so-called cluster. And when alcohol becomes a cluster state, the molecular weight of the whole cluster will become large and it will not atomize by ultrasonic vibration.
  • alcohol-mixed gasoline having a large mixing rate alcohol-mixed gasoline having a mixing rate enough to make alcohol in a cluster state is considered.
  • the minimum mixing rate at which alcohol becomes a cluster state (this minimum mixing rate is referred to as “cluster generation mixing rate”) is obtained in advance.
  • the alcohol-mixed gasoline having an alcohol mixing rate equal to or higher than the cluster generation mixing rate is close to alcohol-only fuel as a whole, although gasoline is partially included. That is, the inside of the first tank 13 is clustered so that only alcohol or a higher alcohol mixing rate is obtained.
  • the original fuel and light fuel in the case of gasoline only, the original fuel and light fuel, in the case of alcohol-mixed gasoline with a small mixing rate, in the case of alcohol-mixed gasoline with a large mixing rate in the original fuel, alcohol and light fuel Is separated into the original fuel and light fuel.
  • a fuel selection means 25 is provided to properly use the separated fuel according to the operating conditions.
  • the fuel supply pump 12, the ultrasonic vibrator 14, the cooling device 17, and the pump 19 are driven to perform fuel separation as described above. Further, the engine controller 31 determines whether the engine is cold starting based on the engine load detected by the engine load sensor 32, the engine rotation speed detected by the engine rotation speed sensor 33, and the water temperature detected by the water temperature sensor 34, or the start is completed.
  • the fuel selection means 25 is instructed to supply light fuel at the time of low temperature start and the original fuel to the fuel injection valve 2 (fuel supply means) at the time of normal operation after the start.
  • the alcohol mixing rate is less than the above-mentioned cluster generation mixing rate, that is, gasoline mixed with alcohol with a low mixing rate, the fuel is separated into three fuels: the original fuel, alcohol, and light fuel.
  • the fuel selection means 25 is commanded to supply light fuel at low temperature start, ethanol in the high load region, and original fuel to the fuel injection valve 2 in the other operation region (low and medium load region).
  • the reason why ethanol is supplied in the high load range is that ethanol has a high boiling point, that is, works like a high octane fuel, and therefore, the ignition timing can be advanced as compared with the case of gasoline, and the output can be increased.
  • the alcohol mixing rate is equal to or higher than the above-mentioned cluster generation mixing rate, that is, gasoline mixed with alcohol having a high mixing rate
  • the fuel is separated into the original fuel and the light fuel having a low boiling point component. In this case, the original fuel itself is close to alcohol-only fuel.
  • the fuel selection means 25 is instructed to supply light fuel to the fuel injection valve 2 at the time of low temperature start and original fuel to the fuel injection valve 2 at the time of normal operation after start. That is, when the alcohol mixing rate of the mixed fuel is relatively high, the fuel stored in the first tank 13 is selected when the operating condition of the engine is in a high load range.
  • the effect of this embodiment is demonstrated.
  • the function and effect of the fuel separator composed of the ultrasonic vibrator 14 and the cooling device 17 (high boiling point substance separator) will be described first, and then the effect of the engine using the fuel separator will be described.
  • the operation and effect of the fuel separator is as follows.
  • alcohol having a relatively large molecular weight among the different fuel types
  • gasoline a hydrocarbon fuel that is a collection of different fuel types whose molecular weight and boiling point are approximately proportional to each other. It gives vibration energy to alcohol-mixed gasoline (mixed fuel) that has a low molecular weight compared to the fuel type and has a relatively high boiling point compared to fuel types with a relatively high boiling point).
  • Atomizer (14) that atomizes light fuel (a fuel species that is equivalent to the molecular weight of alcohol and a fuel species that is less than the molecular weight of alcohol), and only alcohol is separated from the gas mixture of atomized light fuel and alcohol
  • a cooling device 17 high boiling point material separation device
  • the first tank 13 for storing alcohol-mixed gasoline (mixed fuel) includes the ultrasonic vibrator 14 as an atomizer, the hydrocarbon fuel is gasoline, and the high-boiling point substance is ethanol.
  • the high-boiling-point substance separation device is the cooling device 17 and is a gas in which atomized light fuel and alcohol are mixed. Is cooled to below the boiling point of the alcohol by using this cooling device 17, the alcohol is liquefied and separated and stored in the second tank 18, so that the alcohol can be handled easily.
  • the engine includes the fuel separation device described above, and is any one of alcohol-mixed gasoline that remains without being atomized, separated alcohol, and light fuel after the alcohol is separated.
  • Fuel selection means 25 that can arbitrarily select the fuel, engine controller 31 (command means) that instructs the fuel selection means 25 which fuel to select according to the operating conditions, and fuel selection means that responds to this command Since the fuel injection valve 2 (fuel supply means) for supplying any of the fuels selected by the engine 25 to the engine is provided, light fuel and alcohol are separated from gasoline without giving large heat of vaporization to vaporize the fuel. Therefore, by using light fuel at low temperature start, the boiling point of gasoline is almost the same as gasoline. It can be improved at the low temperature start even in an engine using alcohol mixed gasoline alcohol pairwise high liquid is mixed.
  • the first tank 13 for storing alcohol-mixed gasoline includes the ultrasonic vibrator 14 as an atomizer, the hydrocarbon fuel is gasoline, and the high-boiling point substance is alcohol. Since the ultrasonic output generated by the ultrasonic transducer 14 and the amplitude of the ultrasonic wave are determined so that the alcohol and the light fuel are atomized, the light fuel can be used even in an engine using alcohol-mixed gasoline. Good low temperature startability can be obtained. In order to handle alcohol in a gaseous state, a large volume is required, which is difficult to handle.
  • the high-boiling-point substance separation device is the cooling device 17 and is a gas in which atomized light fuel and alcohol are mixed. Is cooled to below the boiling point of the alcohol by using this cooling device 17, the alcohol is liquefied and separated and stored in the second tank 18, so that the alcohol can be handled easily. In order to handle light fuel in the form of gas, a large volume is required and difficult to handle. However, according to the present embodiment, light fuel is liquefied from the gas remaining after the alcohol is separated using a pump 19 (condensing means). Since it is stored in the third tank 20, light fuel can be easily handled.
  • a pump 19 condensing means
  • the fuel selection means 25 selects the light fuel stored in the third tank 20, and therefore, when using alcohol-mixed gasoline with a high alcohol mixing rate. Even so, good low temperature startability can be obtained.
  • the fuel selection means 25 selects the alcohol stored in the second tank 18 when the operating condition is a high load range. Since alcohol has a high boiling point and is less likely to knock, the ignition timing can be advanced as compared with an engine using only gasoline, and the output is improved. According to this embodiment, since alcohol is ethanol, even if it is gasoline mixed with bioethanol, good low temperature startability can be obtained. (Second Embodiment) FIG. 6 ⁇ FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a fuel separator according to a second embodiment of the present invention and an engine using the fuel separator
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of the engine of the second embodiment. 6 ⁇ FIG. 9 corresponds to FIG. 1 of the first embodiment. 1 to FIG. 4 is replaced. That is, FIG. 6 is a case where only gasoline without alcohol is mixed, FIG. 7 shows the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol with a small mixing rate, FIG. 8 shows the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol with a high mixing rate.
  • the second embodiment includes a fuel reformer 45 that further reforms alcohol into hydrogen gas and a low octane fuel.
  • alcohol is stored in the second tank 18 in the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol with a low mixing rate, and alcohol is present in the first tank 13 in gasoline mixed with alcohol with a high mixing rate. be able to. Therefore, a first pipe 41 that guides the fuel in the first tank 13 to the fuel reformer 45 and a second pipe 42 that guides the fuel in the second tank 18 to the fuel reformer 45 are provided.
  • a normally closed first on-off valve 43 and second on-off valve 44 are interposed in the pipes 41 and 42, respectively.
  • the first on-off valve 43 is opened with the first on-off valve 43 fully closed, or the first on-off valve 43 is opened with the second on-off valve 44 fully closed.
  • Either the fuel in the two tanks 18 or the fuel in the first tank 13 can be selectively led to the fuel reformer 45.
  • the fuel that can be selected by the second fuel selection means 46 is FIG.
  • the original fuel and the light fuel are two. Therefore, the engine controller 31 instructs the second fuel selection means 46 to select the light fuel at the low temperature start and the original fuel at the normal operation after the start and supply the selected fuel to the fuel injection valve 2.
  • the first on-off valve 43 is opened while the first on-off valve 43 is fully closed, and part of the liquid alcohol stored in the second tank 18 is fuel reformed. It leads to the device 45 and converts it into a low octane fuel and hydrogen gas or fuel containing hydrogen gas.
  • the fuel that can be selected by the second fuel selection means 46 is FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the original fuel, alcohol, light fuel, low octane fuel, and hydrogen gas are used.
  • the second fuel selection means 46 is commanded so that the original fuel is in the middle load region, the alcohol is in the high load region, the light fuel is in the cold start, and the low octane fuel and hydrogen gas are in the low load region.
  • the fuel is supplied to the fuel injection valves 2 and 47.
  • a fuel injection valve 47 for gaseous fuel is provided separately from the fuel injection valve 2 for liquid fuel, and only hydrogen gas is supplied from the fuel injection valve 47 to other liquid fuels. Is supplied from the fuel injection valve 2 to the engine 1.
  • the first on-off valve 43 is opened while the second on-off valve 44 is fully closed, and part of the liquid alcohol stored in the first tank 13 is fuel reformed. It leads to the apparatus 45, and it converts into the fuel containing a low octane fuel and hydrogen gas or hydrogen gas.
  • the fuel that can be selected by the second fuel selection means 46 is FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, there are four fuels: the original fuel (having the same properties as the alcohol-only fuel), light fuel, low octane fuel, and hydrogen gas.
  • the second fuel selection means 46 is commanded so that the original fuel is supplied to the fuel injection valves 2 and 47 in the middle and high load range, the light fuel is started at low temperature, and the low octane number fuel and hydrogen gas are supplied in the low load range. Supply. Again, only hydrogen gas is supplied to the engine 1 from the fuel injection valve 47 and the other liquid fuel is supplied from the fuel injection valve 2. That is, only in the low load range, the second fuel selection means 46 selects two fuels of low octane number fuel and hydrogen gas instead of a single fuel. This is because premixed compression self-ignition combustion is performed in a low load region, as will be described later. FIG. As shown in FIG.
  • the auxiliary combustion chamber 52 is provided on the ceiling of the main combustion chamber 51, and the auxiliary combustion chamber 52 and the main combustion chamber 51 communicate with each other through a plurality of holes 53.
  • the spark plug 5 is provided facing the sub-combustion chamber 52, and a passage 55 communicating with the hydrogen gas supply hole 54 is provided in the sub-combustion chamber 52.
  • Hydrogen gas is supplied to the hydrogen gas supply hole 54 by the second fuel selection means 46.
  • a fuel injection valve 47 for gaseous fuel is provided in the hydrogen gas supply hole 54.
  • FIG. 10 is an operation region diagram of the second embodiment, which is largely divided into a low load region which is a premixed compression self-ignition combustion region and a medium and high load region which is a spark ignition combustion region, and among these, a spark is generated in a medium and high load region.
  • the point which performs the combustion by ignition is the same as 1st Embodiment.
  • the spark plug 5 is not used, but premixed compression self-ignition combustion (HCCI) is performed using low octane fuel and hydrogen gas.
  • HCCI premixed compression self-ignition combustion
  • the low-octane fuel is injected and supplied from the fuel injection valve 2 in the intake stroke.
  • the low octane fuel from the fuel injection valve 2 forms a good premixed gas in the main combustion chamber 51.
  • hydrogen gas or fuel containing hydrogen gas
  • the hydrogen gas enters the sub-combustion chamber 52 through the passage 55 and enters the main hole 53 through the injection hole 53. It is ejected into the combustion chamber 51 and spreads into the main combustion chamber 51 (see FIG. 9), and a premixed gas having a desired equivalent ratio can be generated.
  • Low-octane fuel and hydrogen gas are highly ignitable (easily ignited), so they easily burn by compression self-ignition even in a low load range.
  • a part of gasoline stored in the first tank 13 using the hydrogen gas obtained by the fuel reformer 45 is converted into an octane number using a hydrogenation technique. It is conceivable to convert to a low low octane fuel. Thereby, the low octane number fuel for performing the premixed compression self-ignition combustion can be increased.
  • the alcohol stored in the second tank 18 is converted into fuel and hydrogen gas having a low octane number using the fuel reformer 45, in the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol with a low mixing rate. The fuel for performing the premixed compression self-ignition combustion can be obtained.
  • the fuel selection means 25 instead of the fuel selection means 25, the engine controller 31 (command means) and the fuel injection valve 2 (fuel supply means) of the first embodiment, the second fuel selection capable of selecting two fuels.
  • Means 46 an engine controller 31 (second command means) for instructing the second fuel selection means 46 to select two fuels of low octane fuel and hydrogen gas in the low load range, and second fuel selection A fuel injection valve 2 for liquid fuel that supplies the low octane fuel selected by the means 46 to the engine 1 and a fuel injection valve for gaseous fuel that supplies the hydrogen gas selected by the second fuel selection means 46 to the engine 1. 47, premixed compression self-ignition combustion can be performed.
  • the alcohol stored in the second tank 18 when the alcohol mixing rate is relatively small and the alcohol is atomized by the ultrasonic vibrator 14, and the alcohol mixing rate is Since the fuel stored in the first tank 13 is converted into a fuel containing hydrogen gas using the fuel reformer 45 when the alcohol is not atomized by the ultrasonic vibrator 14 due to being relatively large, ultrasonic waves Regardless of whether or not alcohol is atomized by the vibrator 14, fuel for premixed compression self-ignition combustion can be obtained.
  • the high-boiling substance is ethanol has been described, but the present invention can also be applied to the case where the high-boiling substance is methanol or water.
  • the present invention can also be applied to the case of light oil.
  • the cooling device 17 high boiling point substance separating device
  • the cooling device 17 is activated even when the alcohol is not atomized. It is useless to let them do. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the cooling device 17 from operating wastefully by stopping the operation of the cooling device 17 when alcohol is not atomized by the ultrasonic vibrator 14.
  • the cooling device 17 When the engine is mounted on a vehicle, it is preferable to use alcohol in a high load region because it improves output, but when the frequency of high load operation is low, the alcohol should be liquefied and stored in the second tank 18. Is wasted. Since the cooling device 17 is operated to make the alcohol liquid, the operation of the cooling device 17 can be stopped if no alcohol is used. Therefore, the travel history of the vehicle is stored, and the operation of the cooling device 17 is limited when the frequency of high load operation is low based on the stored travel history (for example, the frequency of operating the cooling device 17 is reduced). By doing so, it is possible to omit wasting alcohol that is not used. If the light fuel is not stored in the second tank 18 at the low temperature start, good low temperature startability cannot be obtained.
  • the ultrasonic vibrator 14 and the cooling device 17 are also used when the engine is stopped.
  • the separator By operating the separator, the light fuel can be prepared at the time of cold start.
  • the engine is mounted on a plug-in hybrid vehicle having a charging function from the plug, if the light fuel is not stored in the second tank 18 when it is desired to start the engine in a cold state, a good low-temperature start is possible.
  • the ultrasonic vibrator 14 and the cooling device 17 high boiling point material separating device
  • the second tank 18 can be kept in the second tank 18 even at a low temperature start. Light fuel will be present, and good cold startability can be obtained.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram of the fuel separator of the third embodiment and an engine using the fuel separator, and FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 is replaced.
  • FIG. 11 ⁇ FIG. The difference of 13 is the difference in the alcohol mixing rate. That is, FIG. 11 shows the case of only gasoline without alcohol, FIG. 12 shows the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol with a small mixing rate (the alcohol mixing rate is relatively small). Reference numeral 13 denotes a case of alcohol-mixed gasoline having a large mixing rate (the alcohol mixing rate is relatively large).
  • FIG. 11 ⁇ FIG. FIG. 1 to FIG. The same parts as those in FIG.
  • a fuel injection valve 61 atomization device that is less expensive than an ultrasonic transducer is used instead of an expensive ultrasonic transducer.
  • the fuel injection valve 61 is for atomizing gasoline by applying vibration energy by vibration generated between the gasoline and air.
  • the illustrated fuel injection valve 61 is a type that atomizes by causing vibration between high-pressure fuel and external air.
  • the fuel injection valve 61 may be an air assist type that atomizes between gasoline and high-pressure air.
  • the gasoline atomized by the fuel injection valve 61 includes alcohol, light fuel, and the remaining fuel types excluding these two (the remaining fuel types are hereinafter referred to as “heavy fuel”).
  • the heavy fuel is a fuel type having a molecular weight larger than that of alcohol. That is, the fuel injection valve 61 can atomize three fuels, light fuel, alcohol, and heavy fuel. More specifically, the ultrasonic vibrator 14 of the first embodiment functions as an atomizing device that atomizes at least alcohol and light fuel. However, the fuel injection valve 61 is added to alcohol and light fuel. Thus, it functions as an atomizer that atomizes heavy fuel.
  • the fuel separator 63 mainly includes a fuel injection valve 61, a cyclone separator 64, a first tank 13, a second tank 18, a pump 19 (condensing means), a third tank 20, a pump 82, and a pressurized container 83 (high boiling point). Substance separation device) and a pressurized container 84 (condensing means).
  • the atomizer includes a fuel injection valve 61, a cyclone separator 64 as a classifier for classifying fuel according to the molecular weight of the fuel spray (molecular weight of hydrocarbon fuel fuel species and alcohol clusters), a pump 82.
  • the cyclone separator 64 is divided into two types of fuel sprays depending on the molecular weight of the fuel spray from the three fuel sprays of light fuel, alcohol, and heavy fuel atomized by the fuel injection valve 61 by centrifugal force. That is, it classifies into the fuel spray of light fuel and alcohol, and the fuel spray of heavy fuel. Since the size of the molecular weight of the fuel spray (the molecular weight of the fuel species of the hydrocarbon fuel and the cluster of alcohol) is strongly correlated with the droplet size of the fuel spray, the cyclone separator 64 classifies by the size of the droplet size. The fuel is classified as described above.
  • a conical cone 65 is installed on a gantry (not shown) with the small diameter side vertically downward and the large diameter side vertically upward.
  • the cone 65 divides the space between the ceiling wall 66 and the side walls 67 and 68, and forms a vortex chamber 69 therein.
  • the side walls 67 and 68 are composed of an upper side wall 67 having a relatively large inclination angle and a lower side wall 68 having a relatively small inclination angle.
  • the tilt angle is not limited to the illustrated angle. Moreover, it is not limited to setting it as two different inclination angles.
  • a discharge hole 70 is opened at the lower end of the lower side wall 68.
  • the discharge port 70 communicates with the first tank 13 through a passage 71.
  • a straight tubular overflow pipe 73 is provided on the central axis of the cone 65.
  • the lower end 73a of the overflow pipe 73 is opened a little vertically upward from the discharge hole 70 at the lower end of the lower side wall.
  • the upper end of the overflow pipe 73 penetrates the ceiling wall 66 and protrudes to the outside of the cone 65.
  • a fuel injection valve 61 is attached to the upper side wall 65 so as to face the vortex chamber 69.
  • the nozzle tip of the fuel injection valve 61 is adjusted to an appropriate angle so that fuel is injected toward the inner surface 67 a of the upper side wall 67.
  • the fuel spray injected in the horizontal direction from the nozzle tip toward the vortex chamber 69 swirls on the gas flow of air generated in the vortex chamber 69.
  • the fuel spray collides with the inner surface 67a of the upper side wall 67 at a shallow angle to create a mixed gas with the surrounding air while receiving the action of centrifugal force, and descends in the vortex chamber 69 in a spiral spiral state. (See arrow).
  • three types of fuel sprays of light fuel, alcohol, and heavy fuel are mixed.
  • fuel spray of heavy fuel having a large molecular weight floats outward by centrifugal force, collides with and adheres to the inner surface 67a of the upper side wall 67, becomes liquid, drops down on the inner surface 67a, and is discharged. It exits from the hole 70 and accumulates in the first tank 14.
  • the fuel spray of light fuel and alcohol having a small molecular weight is pushed into the center of the cone 65 against the centrifugal force while turning in the vortex chamber 69 while being gasified, and swirls around the overflow pipe 73. Heading downwards.
  • a passage 81 connected to the upper end of the overflow pipe 73 is provided with a pump 82.
  • the overflow pipe 73 has a pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure. For this reason, the mixed gas of light fuel and alcohol having a small molecular weight is sucked into the overflow pipe 73 from the lower end 73a of the overflow pipe 73 and is discharged to the outside of the cone 65.
  • the mixed gas of light fuel and alcohol guided to the passage 81 is pressurized by a pump 82 and supplied to a pressurized container (low pressure) 83. Since alcohol is first liquefied from the mixed gas pressurized to a predetermined pressure, the liquefied alcohol is stored in the second tank 18. Similarly to the first embodiment, a cooling device may be provided to liquefy alcohol, and the liquefied alcohol may be stored in the second tank 18. The light fuel gas that has not been liquefied is pumped to the pressurized container (low pressure) 84 by the pump 19. The pressure in the pressurized container 84 is increased to a predetermined pressure by the pump 19 to condense and liquefy the gaseous light fuel.
  • the liquefied light fuel is stored in the third tank 20.
  • the light fuel may be adsorbed using an adsorbent.
  • Light fuel that does not condense and liquefy even when the pressure inside the pressurized container 84 is increased to a predetermined pressure is returned to the cyclone separator 64 via the return pipe 22.
  • a check valve 23 is provided in the return pipe 22.
  • the clustered alcohol is stored in the first tank 13, the second tank 18 is empty, and the liquid light fuel is stored in the third tank 20.
  • the molecular weight of the entire cluster increases, and the alcohol in the cluster state behaves the same as a heavy fuel. That is, since the fuel spray of alcohol in a cluster state has a large molecular weight, it floats outward due to centrifugal force and collides with and adheres to the inner surface 67 a of the upper side wall 67.
  • the liquefied cluster alcohol drops down the inner surface 67a of the upper side wall 67 downward, exits the discharge hole 70, and accumulates in the first tank 14.
  • a fuel selection means 25 is provided to properly use the separated fuel according to the operating conditions.
  • the fuel supply pump 12, the fuel injection valve 61, and the pumps 19 and 82 are driven to perform fuel separation as described above. Further, the engine controller 31 determines whether the engine is cold starting based on the engine load detected by the engine load sensor 32, the engine rotation speed detected by the engine rotation speed sensor 33, and the water temperature detected by the water temperature sensor 34, or the start is completed.
  • engine exhaust is easily available as an inert gas, which is preferable.
  • the gas that has passed through the pressurized containers 83 and 84 can be reused by being introduced into the cyclone separator 64 via the return pipe 22.
  • a demister, a filter, etc. can also be used instead of the cyclone separator 64 which comprises the classifier which classifies a fuel.
  • the third embodiment also has the effect of being able to separate light fuel and alcohol from gasoline without giving large vaporization heat for vaporizing the fuel as in the first embodiment.
  • the atomization device (and the classification device) can be realized by a configuration (parts) that is extremely simple and inexpensive and that is particularly versatile for an engine mounted on a vehicle.
  • the atomization device includes a fuel injection valve 61 that atomizes heavy fuel, which is a fuel type exceeding the molecular weight of alcohol (high boiling point substance), and fuel spray from the fuel injection valve 61. And a classifier (cyclonic classifier 64 and pump 82) that classifies the light fuel and the high-boiling substance according to the molecular weight of the fuel spray, and remains after the light fuel and the high-boiling substance are classified. Therefore, the light fuel and ethanol can be separated from gasoline without giving a large heat of vaporization for vaporizing the fuel with an inexpensive device.
  • a fuel injection valve 61 that atomizes heavy fuel, which is a fuel type exceeding the molecular weight of alcohol (high boiling point substance), and fuel spray from the fuel injection valve 61.
  • a classifier cyclonic classifier 64 and pump 82
  • the classification device includes the pump 82 that supplies alcohol (high boiling point substance) and light fuel to the high boiling point material separation device, so that the alcohol and light fuel can be separated by an inexpensive device.
  • the high-boiling-point substance separation device is a pressurized container 83, which is a mixture of atomized light fuel and alcohol.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel separator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention and an engine using the fuel separator, and FIG. 14 ⁇ FIG. 16 is the FIG. 6 ⁇ FIG. 8 is replaced. That is, FIG. 14 is a case where only gasoline without alcohol is mixed, FIG. 15 shows the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol with a small mixing rate, FIG. 16 shows the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol with a high mixing rate. FIG. 6 ⁇ FIG. The same parts as those in FIG.
  • the fourth embodiment also includes a fuel reformer 45 that further reforms alcohol into hydrogen gas and low-octane fuel (or fuel containing hydrogen gas).
  • alcohol is stored in the second tank 18 in the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol with a low mixing rate, and alcohol is present in the first tank 13 in gasoline mixed with alcohol with a high mixing rate. be able to. Therefore, a first pipe 41 that guides the fuel in the first tank 13 to the fuel reformer 45 and a second pipe 42 that guides the fuel in the second tank 18 to the fuel reformer 45 are provided.
  • a normally closed first on-off valve 43 and second on-off valve 44 are interposed in the pipes 41 and 42, respectively.
  • the first on-off valve 43 is opened with the first on-off valve 43 fully closed, or the first on-off valve 43 is opened with the second on-off valve 44 fully closed.
  • Either the fuel in the two tanks 18 or the fuel in the first tank 13 can be selectively led to the fuel reformer 45.
  • the two on-off valves 43 and 44 are kept fully closed.
  • the fuel that can be selected by the second fuel selection means 46 is FIG.
  • the engine controller 31 instructs the second fuel selection means 46 to select light fuel at the time of low temperature start and heavy fuel at the time of normal operation after start-up and supply the selected fuel to the fuel injection valve 2.
  • the first on-off valve 43 is opened while the first on-off valve 43 is fully closed, and part of the liquid alcohol stored in the second tank 18 is fuel reformed. It leads to the apparatus 45 and converts into low octane fuel and hydrogen gas.
  • the fuel that can be selected by the second fuel selection means 46 is FIG. As shown in FIG. 15, there are five heavy fuel, alcohol, light fuel, low octane fuel, and hydrogen gas.
  • the engine controller 31 instructs the second fuel selection means 46 to fuel heavy fuel in the middle and high load range, alcohol at the maximum load, light fuel at low temperature start, low octane fuel and hydrogen gas in the low load range.
  • the fuel is supplied to the injection valves 2 and 47.
  • a fuel injection valve 47 for gaseous fuel is provided separately from the fuel injection valve 2 for liquid fuel, and only hydrogen gas is supplied from the fuel injection valve 47 to other liquid fuels. Is supplied from the fuel injection valve 2 to the engine 1.
  • the first on-off valve 43 is opened while the second on-off valve 44 is fully closed, and part of the liquid alcohol stored in the first tank 13 is fuel reformed. It leads to the device 45 and converts it into low octane fuel and hydrogen gas.
  • the fuel that can be selected by the second fuel selection means 46 is FIG. As shown in FIG.
  • the engine controller 31 instructs the second fuel selection means 46 to supply alcohol to the fuel injection valves 2 and 47 in the middle and high load range, light fuel at low temperature start, and low octane number fuel and hydrogen gas in the low load range.
  • the second fuel selection means 46 selects two fuels of low octane number fuel and hydrogen gas instead of a single fuel. This is because premixed compression self-ignition combustion is performed in a low load range.
  • FIG. 9 is also a schematic configuration diagram of the engine of the fourth embodiment. That is, FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the auxiliary combustion chamber 52 is provided on the ceiling of the main combustion chamber 51, and the auxiliary combustion chamber 52 and the main combustion chamber 51 communicate with each other through a plurality of holes 53.
  • the spark plug 5 is provided facing the sub-combustion chamber 52, and a passage 55 communicating with the hydrogen gas supply hole 54 is provided in the sub-combustion chamber 52.
  • Hydrogen gas is supplied to the hydrogen gas supply hole 54 by the second fuel selection means 46.
  • a fuel injection valve 47 for gaseous fuel is provided in the hydrogen gas supply hole 54.
  • FIG. 10 is also an operation region diagram of the fourth embodiment. That is, FIG. As shown in FIG.
  • a low-load region which is a premixed compression self-ignition combustion region and a medium-high load region which is a spark-ignition combustion region.
  • HCCI premixed compression self-ignition combustion
  • the low-octane fuel is injected and supplied from the fuel injection valve 2 in the intake stroke.
  • the low octane fuel from the fuel injection valve 2 forms a good premixed gas in the main combustion chamber 51.
  • the hydrogen gas when hydrogen gas is injected and supplied from the fuel injection valve 47 at an appropriate time in the compression stroke, the hydrogen gas enters the auxiliary combustion chamber 52 from the passage 55 and is ejected from the injection hole 53 to the main combustion chamber 51. 51 (see FIG. 9), a premixed gas having a desired equivalent ratio can be generated.
  • Low-octane fuel and hydrogen gas are highly ignitable (easily ignited), so they easily burn by compression self-ignition even in a low load range.
  • the alcohol stored in the second tank 18 is converted into fuel and hydrogen gas having a low octane number using the fuel reformer 45, in the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol with a low mixing rate.
  • the fuel for performing the premixed compression self-ignition combustion can be obtained.
  • the fuel containing hydrogen gas is partially removed from the clustered alcohol stored in the first tank 13 using the fuel reformer 45. Therefore, fuel for premixed compression self-ignition combustion can be obtained even in the case of gasoline mixed with alcohol having a high mixing rate.
  • the second fuel selection capable of selecting two fuels.
  • Means 46 an engine controller 31 (second command means) for instructing the second fuel selection means 46 to select two fuels of low octane fuel and hydrogen gas in the low load range, and second fuel selection A fuel injection valve 2 for liquid fuel that supplies the low octane fuel selected by the means 46 to the engine 1 and a fuel injection valve for gaseous fuel that supplies the hydrogen gas selected by the second fuel selection means 46 to the engine 1. 47, premixed compression self-ignition combustion can be performed.
  • the alcohol stored in the second tank 18 is stored when the alcohol mixing rate is relatively small, and is stored in the first tank 13 when the alcohol mixing rate is relatively large.

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Abstract

L'invention porte sur un séparateur de carburant équipé : d'un atomiseur qui communique une énergie de vibration à un carburant mélangé comprenant un mélange d'hydrocarbure et d'une substance liquide à point d'ébullition élevée, l'hydrocarbure étant un mélange de différents composants de combustible dans lequel le poids moléculaire est approximativement proportionnel au point d'ébullition et la substance à point d'ébullition élevé ayant un poids moléculaire inférieur à celui d'un élément combustible parmi les différents composants de combustible qui sont de poids moléculaires relativement élevés et ayant un point d'ébullition plus élevé qu'un élément de combustible ayant approximativement le même poids moléculaire, et qui atomise ainsi la substance à point d'ébullition élevé et un combustible léger composé d'éléments de combustible ayant un poids moléculaire égal ou inférieur à celui de la substance à point d'ébullition élevé; et un séparateur de substances à point d'ébullition élevé qui isole la substance à point d'ébullition élevé du gaz qui est un mélange du combustible léger atomisé et de la substance à point d'ébullition élevé. Par utilisation de ce séparateur, il est possible de séparer, d'une essence sans alcool, un élément de combustible à point d'ébullition faible et l'alcool sans chauffer considérablement le combustible afin de vaporiser le combustible.
PCT/JP2010/053929 2009-03-03 2010-03-03 Séparateur de carburant, moteur utilisant le séparateur de carburant et véhicule équipé de ce moteur WO2010101293A1 (fr)

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JP2017198095A (ja) * 2016-04-25 2017-11-02 国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 燃料の蒸発過程解析方法、蒸発過程解析プログラム及びそれを用いた燃料噴射制御システム
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US10618008B2 (en) 2015-07-01 2020-04-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Polymeric ionomer separation membranes and methods of use
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CN114233494A (zh) * 2021-09-29 2022-03-25 太原理工大学 一种甲醇发动机冷启动装置及方法
US11519322B1 (en) 2021-08-27 2022-12-06 Caterpillar Inc. Method and system for fuel combustion
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JP2013139007A (ja) * 2012-01-05 2013-07-18 Nano Mist Technologies Kk 分離装置、分離方法
US10478778B2 (en) 2015-07-01 2019-11-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Composite membranes with improved performance and/or durability and methods of use
US10618008B2 (en) 2015-07-01 2020-04-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Polymeric ionomer separation membranes and methods of use
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